FULTON COUNTY INDIANA

HANDBOOK

Schools H-O

Wendell C. and John B. Tombaugh

Limited Printing

Copy No.____of 6

TOMBAUGH HOUSE

700 Pontiac Street

Rochester, Indiana

46975-1538

2001

This book cannot be reproduced without the express permission of Wendell C. Tombaugh, John B. Tombaugh, their heirs or assigns.

Made in the United States of America.

Fulton County Indiana Handbook

SCHOOLS

* * * * *

HAROLDSBURG SCHOOL [ - - - - -]
Elder E. M. McGraw has commenced a series of meetings at the Haroldsburg School House . . .
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 19, 1874]

Rev. Andrew Babcock has been called to preach at the Harold school house and at this place. He preached at the M.E. church on last Saturday night. - Eli Leiter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 7, 1877]

HARTMAN SCHOOL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located in Section 7. In 1991 still standing. Moved to the Mahler homestead one-half mile west of SR-17 on 600N - i.e. NW corner 1100W and 600N.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

THIRD AUBBEENAUBBEE SCHOOL HOUSE FLAME-HIT
The third Aubbeenaubbee township school house to be mysteriously attacked by fire, the Hartman school one mile west of Delong, was saved from destruction Sunday morning.
As the rest, the recent blaze is attributed to incendiaries, perhaps irresponsible boys or persons having a grudge against the school management of the township. The two other buildings, Mt. Hope and Myers were destroyed.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 7, 1925]
__________

[photo] Hartman school 1922-23 when Joe Guise was teacher. Row 1: (Kneeling) Albert Vandergrift, Virgil Slonaker. Row 2: Marguerite Slonaker, Francis Wentzel, Ruby Mahler. Row 3: Daisy Faulstich, Oliver Mahler, Charles Widman, Hazel Mahler, Lawrence Faulstich. Row 4: Herman Faulstich, Milo Mahler, Oscar Lahman, Anna Widman, Clifford Lahman. (Photo: Oscar Layman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 8]
__________

Hartman School (section 7) was located at the [NW] corner of 1100W and 600N . . . It was named for being on Ben Hartman's farm. Teachers were Mattie Stubbs 1890; Lloyd Eherenmann 1908; Emma Miller 1909; Guy Shadel 1910-11; George (or Wes?) Kaley, Lloyd Irvin (?), Bertha McClain 1914-16; Carrie Van Kierk 1917-18; Inez Stubbs Murray; Glendolynn Stubbs; Devon Walters; Eleanore Widmore; Lucille Stout; Don Robinson; Raymond Ditmire; Ruth McClain; Melvin Swihart; Carrie Keller; Joe Guise 1922-23; Madge Setphens Beery 1924-25. Patrons included Hartman, Hartz, Marbough, Decker, Lahman Miller, Fox, Mahler, and Faulstich families.
The one-room schools all closed by 1925 and the students attended Leiters Ford. It will be noted that several of the little white schoolhouses burned in 1918. It was suspected that they were set afire by people who wanted the children to go to Leiters Ford school. At Hartman school the stove burned through the floor and dropped to the ground. Myers and Ditmire burned completely. So did Mt. Hope and Hartman in 1925.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 7 and p. 12]

MEMORIAL TO LEITERS FORD MUSEUM
Bertha McClain attended the Pawpaw School beginning in September 1906 as a student in the fifth grade. The teacher was Frank King. Succeeding teachers were Howard Dickie, 1907-08; Howard Gillespie, 1908-09; and Martha Cook 1909-10. Bertha attended Leiters Ford High School, graduating in 1914. Her ambition from childhood was to be a teacher.
She attended Winona College the summers of 1914 and 195. The trustee, Henry Moon hired her to be the teacher of Hartman School that year 1914-15 at the salary of $32 per month. Our parents, Mr. and Mrs. David McClain, were living on the William O'Keefe farm one-fourth mile west of the Pawpaw school. Bertha drove a horse and buggy to school.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, pp 29-30]

HAUN / HAWN SCHOOL [#2] [Henry Township]
Located SE corner of 900E and 100N.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
Another school, located SW corner of 900E and 100N.
Built between 1876 and 1883.
__________

[photo] Hawn School north of Akron. (Photo: Treva Klein)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 57]

[photo] Hauns School 1924. Front row: Trella Bradway, Dorothy Carr, Marvel Werner, Robert Werner, Gerald Kindig, Carl Swanson, Oscar Carr, Donald Utter, Devane Ballenger, Willis Bradway. Row 2: David Bradway, Sarah Grace Gallentine, Marjorie Barr, Edna Swanson, Mona Bennett, Marie Wideman, Trella Kuhn, Florence Werner, John Swanson, Frank Swanson, Charles Bennett, Harold Bryant. Row 3: David Bryant, Herman Kindig, Howard Swartzlander, Byron Kindig, Cleo Bryant, William McHatton - teacher Pauline Kindig, Ina Swartzlander, Evelyn Werner, Olive Bryant. (Photo: Ina Swartzlander Hatfield)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 58]

[photo] Haun's School - Year 1911-12. Back row: Ruth Harter, Nellie Bradway, Arzerna Higgins - teacher, Eileen Kindig, Ruth Bradway, Russel McIntyre. Middle Row: Marie Leininger, Herman McIntyre, Max Bryant, Mildred Kindig, Valura Richardson Hattie McIntyre, Ivan Clinker, Max Kuhn, Gladys Bryant. Front Row: Carl Leininter, Russell Wideman, Loyd Heeter, Russell Bryant, Don McIntyre, Loren Heeter, Valura Bradway, Mary Leech, Kenneth Leininger.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August 1969, No. 1, p. 6]

DISTRICT 2 - HAUN'S SCHOOL
By Velma Bright
On June 11, 1844, Jacob and Hepziliah Bright gave one-fourth of an acre of land to Henry Township for District 2 School. This was located in the northwest corner of Section ten.
On September 14, 1877, James and Marria Dawson sold one-half acre of land to Henry Township for eleven dollars for District 2 School. This was probably the time that a new brick schoolhouse was built. This school was located two miles north of Lake Chippawa (Lake 16). This school disbanded in 1927 but the building is still standing.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August 1969, No. 1, p. 6]

HAUNS SCHOOL
By Ina Swartzlander Hatfield as told to Velma Bright
I went to Hauns School the last two years of grade school because Sayger's School closed. Chester Utter drove the bus. Sometimes Ruth Utter would drive it. Don McIntyre drove the bus in another area. I had always walked to Sayger's School as it was close, but since Hauns was farther away we were picked up. One time I ran around the school house and slipped on the ice and fell flat. Don McIntyre was sitting in his bus and saw me fall.
William McHatton was my teacher at Hauns and he was a very good teacher.
Editor's note: Marie Wideman recalls that most of the Hauns School teachers roomed at her house, the Elmer Wideman's. Seth Carpenter and Loyd Swick were also teachers at Hauns. Aunt Evelyn Wideman said that the school was built on their farm but was moved across the road (from northeast to southwest corner) because she didn't want it on the farm. The 1876 and 1883 atlases confirm this move as taking place between those years. Will McIntyre, father of Don, drove the school hack before his son did. He drove a horse-drawn hack and later got a Model T Ford to drive when he could get through the roads. Revival meetings were held in the schoolhouse in the early days.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 56]

HAWNS SCHOOL
By Selena Utter Gerig:
I feel inadequate to write about Hawns (also spelled Hauns) School as I spent much more of my time at Saygers than Hawns. Though I have contacted a few folks who did spend all eight years there and part of what I will give was from their experience also.
I came to Hawns school in my second year for just a few weeks. This was the spring of 1912. We had just moved into this neighborhood that spring.
I have information that our local Church of God held revival meetings in Hawns school before we had our established buildings to house the members.
In the fall of the year we would have a "Box Social." The older school girls would make very pretty boxes in which they had prepared some food to share with the young man that bought it.
The boxes were auctioned off by Rick Reahard, an auctioneer of that day. There would also be a cake walk that afforded interest and pleasure. Another feature of this celebration was the "most popular girl." Ten cents would give her so many votes. All money taken in would go for new library books, maps or whatever was most needed.
The next big event would be the Christmas celebration. We would get to help string the popcorn and decorate the tree. Some years there would be a Christmas program and our mothers would join us. There were times Santa would appear with an orange and candy, also a popcorn ball.
Valentine's Day was another high-light in our lives. The teacher would have a beautiful big box for all the valentines. We would get so excited at these special events. Most of us made our valentines from the wall-paper sample catalogues but would try to get a special one for our teacher.
There were visits of the county superintendent that made a change for us. We never knew when he was coming to observe us, and after our teacher would show she was on needles and pins while her superior officer was there, we tried to make a good impression on him.
How we all looked forward to the last day of school when we could pull off our shoes and socks and roam the fields and woods besides being mother's helper throughout the balmy summer days.We had only eight months of school and were out by May.
For the last day, our mothers would bring well-filled baskets of food for a pot-luck dinner. Another program was planed and there would be a lot of singing - some dialogues and recitations given. Somewhere during the day we would receive our report cards. Each of us would be so nervous until we could learn whether or not we had been promoted to the next higher grade.
I am sure most schools in that day had similar set-ups.
Chester Utter drove a horse-drawn hack to haul the children from Saygers School to Hawns, as Saygers school had closed. After he moved away, Byron Kindig hauled the children. When the roads were fit he drove a touring car, then back to the hack when the roads were bad. Each farmer had to shovel out his share of the drifted roads if at all possible, else be hemmed in.
Here is a list of some of the teachers who taught, though not in their proper order: Everly Clifton, John Dawson, May Higgins, Arzerna Higgins (sisters, each teaching a different year), Estel Perry, Cecil Cain, Will McHatton, Vern Miller, Herman McIntire, Dewey Mowe, Joy Hammond, Edna Orr, and Hazel Smith.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, pp 56-58]
__________

The house in No. 2 is little better than the one just mentioned. . . J. C. Preston has charge of this school. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 16, 1876]
__________
Teachers:
1896-97: H. A. Bright
1897-98: Loyd Rader
1898-99: May Wood
1899-00: George F. Kinder
1900-01: Everly Clifton
1901-02: [omitted]
1902-03: Worthy Shewman
1903-04: Dayton Hoffman
1904-05: [not listed by school]
1905-06: [not listed by school]
1906-07: [omitted]
1907-08: Vern Miller
1917: Cecil Cain
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 37-39]

PARTIAL LIST OF TEACHERS, DISTRICT 2, HAUNS SCHOOL
Ernest (Jack) Bright, Homer Bright, Cecil Cain, Everly Clifton, Seth Carpenter, Moll Cummins, Charles Daniels, Jonathan Dawson, John Dawson, Bell Henderson, Zoe Higgins, Dayton Hoffman, Edgar Hoffman, Mont Hoover, George Kinder, C. G. McCain, William McHatton, Herman McIntyre, Vern Miller, Dewey Mowe, Emma Nicodemus, Delta Orr, Estil Perry, Dorothy Shewman, Isiah Shipley, Hazel Smith, Thelma Smith, Martha Stinson, Mrs. Arch Stinson, Loyd Swick, Mae Woods.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, p 21]

HAY'S SCHOOL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located a quarter of a mile east of Pratt School, in the north part of Aubbeenaubbee township.
Replaced by Mr. Hope School.
__________

Leiter's Ford, Jan. 19, 1878. Institute convened at Steven's school house at ten o'clock a.m. . . . [names mentioned] J. G. Goucher, teacher of that place; Mr. Boyce; Wm. Moon; R. B. Minton; Mr. Ellis; J. C. Miller; Mr. Allen; S. J. Barger; R. B. Minton. . . Adjourned to meet at Hay's school house, 2nd Saturday in February.

[Rochester Union Spy, Friday, February 8, 1878]

The Hays school closed Friday a week ago. Miss Emma Batts, the teacher, is one of our most worthy young ladies. . . Mr. M.Sturgeon, a candidate for the ofice of County Commissioner, took occasion to abuse the teacher for want of performance of duty in not taking his 4 year old . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, June 7, 1878]

HENDERSON SCHOOL[Aubbeenaubbee Township]

HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOL IS SOLD TO REX V. MOORE
The two-story grade school building situated five miles east of Rochester has been purchased b Rex V. Moore, local contractor, at a sale conducted by Trustee Ralph Rader of Henry township.
The purchase price was $325, and there were no other bidders. The building, constructed in 1900, was abandoned five years ago when pupils were transferred to Akron. The building is a brick and frame construction.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 7, 1943]
__________

THE HISTORY OF HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
By Velma Bright 1969
The history of Akron and Henry Township begins in 1836 when the early settlers arrived here. Henry Township was a part of Rochester Township until 1838 when the extreme eastern part was made into Henry Township.
This was the last part of the state which was made available for settlement by treaty with the Indians. The Indians were moved west of the Mississippi in the year 1838. A great wave of white settlers at once started pouring into the lands seeking homes.
In the year 1838, the citizens of Henry Township erected a log cabin on the farm of Asher Welton, just west of the present Akron city limits, to serve the double purpose of a schoolhouse and a house of worship. It was built of logs and the benches were split logs with the legs cut from poles. This was the first schoolhouse and continued for several years afterwards to serve the purposes for which it was erected. The first term of school was taught by William Culver, a young man from Medina County, Ohio, and an excellent teacher as compared with the average pedagogue of that period.
In 1840 a similar building was erected on the Daniel Whittenberger farm and John Whittenberger taught there during that winter and at several times subsequently. In the north part of the township a schoolhouse was erected on the Jacob Bright farm and a Mr. Thompson was engaged to teach during the winter of that year. The schools were all sustained by private contributions from the parents whose children attended them, and were known as "Subscription Schools." About the year 1845-46 some public money came into possession of the township trustees. This money which was derived from the sale of lands in the school section (Section 16) was applied, as far as it would go, in support of the public schools. But it was only sufficient, as a rule, to meet the expense of a part of the term; and when it was exhausted, the balance necessary was contributed by private individuals as in earlier days.
After the adoption of the revised constitution of 1851, a moderate tax was levied for support of the schools, and their benefits were made free to all. This was the inauguration of the present free school system, which marks an important era in the history of public education in Indiana. In this township new school buildings were erected at various times, while teachers under the new law, were eligible only after they had passed a successful examination by the County Examiner. These had to be renewed every year.
In perhaps the 1880's or the 1890's these early schools were replaced with buildings of brick construction of two basic designs. The most common was a simple oblong building about eighteen or twenty feet wide and twenty-five or thirty feet long. This type had a vestibule entrance and a small belfry on the front of the gabled roof. The other type was of the same size with the wide part to the front, with an extension in the front center, which measured about eight feet each way. This part had a gable roof which joined the main roof, and the front of this gable had a belfry mounted on it with the traditional school bell.
The school was the center of the community life and soon church services were being held in the new schoolhouse. When a church was built later near the school as they often were, they took the name of the school and today many of these communities are known by the church and school names.
Some of the early community affairs or social events were the Spelling Bees, Debating Societies, Box Socials and in the earlier days the Square Dances. Young folks as well as many older ones would come from miles around to attend these events.
The earliest teachers wre men. The school mistress did not make her appearance until about the beginning of the century. The teacher was the janitor as well as teacher, carrying in the fire wood for the heating stove and sweeping the floors. The large bucket of fresh drinking water had to be brought in and placed on a shelf at the rear of the room. This contained a dipper from which all the pupils drank. The children considered it a privelege to do the necessary chores. The teacher usually boarded with a family of the community.
The pupils sometimes had to walk a distance of two or three miles carrying their books and a little tin dinner pail. The lunch bucket was so standard in looks and size that the children had to put markings on them to identify them. A family with several children sometimes brought a lunch basket and all of the family ate from the basket.
In 1876 there were twelve school districts in the township besides the Akron school. In 1883 there were thirteen school districts in the township besides the Akron school. The first school records for Henry Township that were kept were in 1899. In 1900 fourteen school districts were still in existence. In 1899 there were 769 pupils recorded in the township.
The schools of Henry Township had district numbers. Perhaps the schools were numbered as they were established. There were sixteen districts in Henry Township. Each number has been established as belonging to a certain school with the exception of number thirteen. Either this number was not used or some school is lost to posterity. It is said that number thirteen was a bad omen, therefore, it is probable there was never a school given this number.
[FCHS Quarterly, Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, pp 3-5]

SCHOOL MEMORIES, THE FIRST SCHOOL IN HENRY TOWNSHIP
By Marie Hand
The first school in Henry Township was, naturally enough, a one-room log cabin. It was not located in the village of Akron but about a half mile west on the south side of the road which is now Indiana 14. It was in an arboreal setting of deciduous trees - maple, walnut, hickory, and butternut. One tenacious old hickory was still standing within the memory of people now living in 1980.
Asher Welton donated the land with the specification that it should be returned to the owner, if and when it was not used for a school. The patrons of the school combined their activity to build the log structure, splitting the logs for floor, benches and desks. (These split log floors were called puncheon floors.) When the school was complete, it also served as a "meeting house" for the community.
During the winter of 1838 and 1839 a subscription school was held with William Culver as the teacher. About 1840 an organization of progressive patrons elected a Board of Education, the members being Joseph Sippy, Josiah Terrell and Gardner Osgood, the latter being chosen clerk and treasurer. About this time, also, public money came to the district and they hired Lorenza Welton to teach three months for the handsome sum of $12.00 per month. By 1844, 33 children were enrolled in the school.
The log building served until 1850 when a new structure was built about 500 feet east of the first site It was a frame building finished in hand-planed lumber. Its dimensions were 20x24x9 feet built to accommodate the increasing numbers of children of school age.
The first accidental death of a child in the settlement happened at the school in 1860. Little Billy Wilcox was playing with other children on one of the many piles of logs. Somehow, a log began to roll and caught the little fellow, killing him instantly.
By 1851 a tax was levied to support the school and in 1856 a Township Trustee was hired. This was the beginning of the free school system and other one-room schools sprang up over the Township.

HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS 1916
From the Akron News "This Was News" column Apr. 29, 1976, 60 years ago (1916): There are not many school children in Henry Township as in former years, nor are there as many in the county. Henry Township's decrease is placed at 43, and the county's decrease at 70. The recent enumeration will show a state decrease in child population, while the adult population in the state is on the increase. Two reasons for the decrease in Henry Township and Akron are that they are graduating three dozen at a time and getting married by the couples while in both cases they otherwise would be enumerated. Smaller families and no family at all accounts for the rest of the decrease.
From "This Was News" June 3, 1976, for 60 years ago (1916): The common schools of Henry Township had 39 pupils that successfully completed the work outlined in the course of study and were granted diplomas. Of these, ten are from the one-room schools and the remainder from the graded schools. With a view of increasing the interest of both parents and pupils in the work of the common schools, and particularly to stimulate more of the boys and girls of the country schools to complete the work of the grades the trustee has arranged for graduation exercises for the common schools, to be held in the Opera house at Akron. While Henry township has six more graduates than any other township in the county, yet we feel that it is possible to increase the number, especially from the country schools, so this is the reason for extending to them a special invitation to the exercises.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 36-37]
THREE HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
By Ruth Bowen
The third annual commencement of the Henry Township Schools was held at the M.E. Church, Akron, June 16, 1894. The program included a speech by each graduate: Invocation - Rev. S. F. Spitz, Salutatory - Floy Weaver, Hoosierdom - Charles Berg, American Revolution - Neryl Noyer, French Revolution - Will Hoffman, Coxeyism - Dean Weaver, Resources of Alaska - Faun Nye, Reformation - Alice Dielman, World's Fair - Seth Wicks, Scenery of North America - William Bailey, Life Among the Lowly - Alwilda Mae Wood, King Henry VIII of England - John Craig, Little Things - Elsie Slaybaugh, Formation of Earth - Edna Shipley, Old Age - Eva Anderson, School Friendship - Laura Haldeman, Open Polar Sea - Nora Flenar, Pluck - Worthy Shewman, Atoms - Estil Gast, Southern Africa - Bertha Strong, Electricity - Edna Craig, School Days - Clara Flenar, Pictures - Cary D. Bryant, Long Drives - Asa Barrett, The Ways of the World - Emma Nicodemus, What Might Have Been - Nora Strong, Scenes of the Times - Anthony Kroft, The Beauties of Life - Anna Anderson, Valedictory - Daisy Bright, Presentation of Class - Andrew Martin, Conferring Diplomas - D. D. Ginther.
My 1910 end-of-school souvenir booklet for Millark School District No. 9, lists the following: Mary E. Noftsger - teacher, J. C. Werner - County Superintendent, D. M. Whitcomb - Henry Township Trustee, Pupils: Primer: Mable Wines. Grade 1: Ethel Miller, Ruth Bowen. Grade 2: Alta Chapman, Cotus Carter. Grade 4: Walter Bemenderfer. Grade 5: Mary Ritter, Orpha Shafer, Forest Ritter, Ernie Carter, Retha Wines, Roy McGinnis, John Ware, Ernest Baker. Grade 6: Roy Collins, Grace Runkle, Gertia Carter, Cleo Slifer. Grade 8: Sylvia McGinnis, Edgar Runkle, Estel Bemenderfer. This book had a small phot of the teacher on the front surrounded by the American flag, an eagle resting on books, a log cabin school labeled "The Pioneer Schoolhouse", and a farm house. In addition to the list of pupils, the booklet contains several pages of poems such as: "My pupils dear, this souvenir small, I dedicate to you. And fondly hope that each and all Will read its pages through. In memory of the school days spent Together sweetly here, I give it with acknowledgement Of all your love sincere. Your teacher".
The end-of-school souvenir booklet for Millark School Apr. 22, 1927, lists Ruth Bowen as teacher. Pupils: Grade 8: Lillian Beaty, Annabel Shriver, Doris Bowen, Myrtle Swope, Ray Linebrink. Grade 7: Hildred Swope, Paul Bowen. Grade 6: Lois Bowen, Charley Norris, Irene Linebrink. Grade 5: Maude Cox. Grade 4: Clark Miller. Grade 3: Edith Wildermuth, Glen McGinnis, Albert Bowen. Grade 2: Floyde Shriver, Lloyde Shriver, Ralph Norris. Grade 1: Ralph Hisey.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 46-49]

REPORT OF THE SCHOOL YEAR 1899-1900
The following report of the Henry Township Schools for the year 1899-1900 was found in the Henry Township Trustee's Office.
The school term began on October 2, 1899 and ended on April 27, 1900. School was in session 145 days. Listed are the teachers, their salaries and the number of students in the schools.
District 1 - Ball's School: Worthy Shewman, teacher; $1.75 per day; 48 students.
District 2 - Haun's School: George Kinder, teacher; $1.65 per day, 48 students.
District 3 - Prill's School: Charles Daniels, teacher; $1.75 per day; 48 students.

District 4 - Akron School: Principal, James Hines, $3.00 per day; Assistant Principal, Estel Gast, $2.25 per day; 40 students in high school. Promoted at the end of the term to 2nd year of high school, 8 students; to 3rd year, 16 students; to 4th year, 12 students. J. W. Bonnell, 7th & 8th grades, $2.00 per day; 47 students. Alwilda Mae Wood, 5th & 6th grades, $1.65 per day, 40 students. Gussie Courter, 3rd & 4th grades, $1.75 per day, 51 students. Elva Shafer, 1st & 2nd grades, $1.75 per day, 54 students.
District 5 - Athens School: C. I. Clemons, teacher; $1.65 per day; 50 students.
District 6 - Sugar Grove School: Edna Shipley, teacher; $1.75 per day; 45 students.
District 7 - Stayton's School: Dot Bowen, teacher; $1.65 per day; 22 students.
District 9 - Millark School: Nettie Runkle, teacher; $2.75 per day; 29 students.
District 10-Highland School (East Germany): Bessie Rader, teacher; $1.50 per day; 25 students.
District 11-Summit School: Amy Shesler, teacher; $1.65 per day; 19 students.
District 12-Bethel School: Nellie Noyer, teacher; $1.50 per day; 40 students.
District 14-Sayger's School: J. C. Swihart, teacher; $1.65 per day.
District 15-Antioch School: Emma Nicodemus, teacher; $1.65 per day; 38 students.
District 16-Prairie Union School: Rose Anderson, teacher; $1.50 per day; 20 students.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, pp 19-20]

HIGH SCHOOL [Rochester, Indiana]
Joint High School, located NE corner Seventh and Pontiac Streets, Lots 143 and 144 Bozarth's Addn.
Later used as Middle School.
Then became offices for several civic offices and headquarters of the Fulton County Historical Society.
Demolished.
See Community Resource Center.

HIGHLAND SCHOOL[#10] [Henry Township]
Located SW corner of 1300E and 300S.
Built between 1876 and 1883.
Also called East Germany School.

[photo] East Germany or Highland School 1900-01. Front row: Cleotus Smith, Fred Dickerhoff, Eva Hoffman, Susie Dickerhoff, unknown, unknown. Row 2: Joe Dickerhoff, Theresa Grogg, Tressie Eber, Roy Kamp. Row 3: unknown, Wilbur Craig, Bertha Eber. Row 4: Nona Tracy, Alvin Eber, Mae Woods - teacher, Bessie Dickerhoff. (Photo: Fred Dickerhoff)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 53, also FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, p. 14]

[photo] Souvenir end-of-school booklet for East Germany School, District No. 10, 1905. Leah Platt - teacher. (From Fred Dickerhoff, now in Akron Library)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 55]
----------------

District 10 - HIGHLAND SCHOOL (EAST GERMANY) AND BETZNER SCHOOL
By Velma Bright
Highland School was located two miles south and one mile east of Akron. On July 14, 1876, Joseph and Amelia Dickerhoff sold one-half acre of land to Henry Township for sixty dollars on which to build a school. Jacob Whittenberger was township trustee at the time. As late as 1905 this school was called East Germany but later the name was changed to Highland. 1918-19 was the last year at Highland. The last building was built in 1890 and is still standing.
In 1876 a school building was still in use on a site one mile north and one-half mile west of the Highland School. The name of this school is not known.
Also in 1876 there was a school in existence one mile south of the Highland School and is thought to have been called Betzner School. This was located in Henry Township on the Miami-Fulton County line road. This school possibly served both Districts 10 and 11. It is known that when this school went out of existence some of the pupils were sent to Buffalo School in Miami County. Buffalo School had been built in 1864.
An interesting story associated with the Betzner School has been handed down from Civil War days. This story was told by Ray Gaerte.
Levi Gaerte joined the Union Army in 1863. In the Betzner School community there were some Southern sympathizers. They told Levi that they would kill him if he joined the Union forces. One night before he left for the service the Southern sympathizers dug a grave in the yard at the Betzner School and were going to kill Levi the next morning. The Gaerte family and friends were very upset and stood guard at the Gaerte residence. The southern sympathizers evidently lost their courage by the next morning and Levi joined the Union Army.
FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, pp 14-15]

MEMORIES OF HIGHLAND SCHOOL
By Fred Dickerhoff as told to Velma Bright
In the one-room schools there were eight grades so the teacher didn't have much time for each class and it seemed to me we were always just sitting and waiting on the other classes. The teacher had big charts with the alphabet printed on them. The first thing we had to learn was the alphabet forwards and then backwards. Today I can say the alphabet faster backwards than I can forward. After we learned the alphabet we learned words from a big chart showing a picture and a word to match the picture. After this we would start to read.
Once in a while we would have singing in the mornings to open the school.
My biggest problem was that I was from a Pennsylvania Dutch family and we spoke "Dutch" at home. I had my English and Dutch all mixed up. Charley Daniels was my first teacher. He wanted me to write something one day so he asked me where my pencil was. I said, "In my sock." Sock is the dutch word for pocket. This amused the teacher. He would drill me but pocket was still sock to me.
I was quite shy and was very hesitant in doing anything in front of the class. When the teacher would ask me to do something I would say, "I can't," so the teacher would make me say, "I can't is a sluggard too lazy to work."
When I was a little older I was janitor of the school. The teacher paid me 15 cents per week. I came early and built the fire and swept out the schoolhouse.
One morning I came early and I thought I saw the closet door move. I ran home as fast as I could and brought my father back to the school with me. A tramp had spent the night in the schoolhouse and had written things all over the blackboard. Whether he had still been there when I arrived or whether I imagined I saw the door move I'll never know.
If the teacher stayed close enough to the school, he usually did his own janitor work but if he didn't he would pay some student to do it. The teachers always left their horse at our barn because we lived close to the school.
Some of the teachers that were at Highland School were Charley Daniels, Mae Woods (taught summer only), Mrs.Busenberg, Leah Platt, Bess Rader 1907-08, Zona Leiter 1908-09, Roy Miller, and Daniel Slaybaugh.
This school was also known as East Germany. The Akron Library has a souvenir end-of-school booklet for 1905 which gives the name as East Germany, District No. 10. The teacher was Leah Platt. Pupils were listed by grades as follows: Grace VI: Mabel Holsinger, Cleotus Smith, Joseph Dickerhoff, Tressa Eber, Fred Dickerhoff, Roy Kamp. Grade IV: Dallas Tracy, Gilbert Tracy, Susia Dickerhoff. Grade III: Esther Dickerhoff, Mildred Holsinger, Ralph Hoffman. Grade II: Ada Kamp, Homer Eber, Donald Shipley, Estel Kamp, Cleo Norman, Vearly Pontious. Grade I-A: Dorcie King, Ethel Miller, Dosha Dickerhoff, Mildred Smith, Walter Hoffman. Grade I-I (actually printed with a space between the two, perhaps meaning incomplete?): Guy Kamp, Elma Miller, Acel Craig, Clyde Pontious, Russel Pontious. A. C. Cook - Trustee, John Dickerhoff - Director.
Another souvenir booklet for the same school (also in the Akron Library) gives the name as Highland School in 1907. Dessa Busenburg was the teacher. It lists the pupils as follows (note the spelling differences of names): first year: Fay Camp, Rhoda Wideman, Henry Hoffman, Russel Pontius, Cle Wideman. Second year: Guy Camp, Acel Craig, Clyde Pontius, Elba Shipley, Alma Miller. Third year: Mildred Smith, Docia Dickerhoff, Ethel Miller, Lula Wideman. Fourth year: Homer Eber, Don Shipley, Ada Camp, Estel Camp, Cleo Norman, Verl Pontius, Zazel Wakley. Fifth year: Ester Dickerhoff, Susie Dickerhoff. Seventh year: Cleotus Smith, John Wideman, Tressie Eber. Eighth year: Fredric Dickerhoff, Joseoh Dickerhoff.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, pp 52-54

HIGHLAND SCHOOL
By Wilbur Craig
I started to school in the fall of 1894 in the school building called Highland. It was located two miles south and one mile east of Akron, Ind. The school house was approximately 80 feet long and 40 feet wide. The building is still standing at this site (southwest corner of 1300E and 300S).
As there were many German families in this area most of the students spoke German. The English-speaking students had a communication problem at first, but soon learned to understand each other.
There were 23 children enrolled from chart class to the eighth grade. The teacher of all eight grades was Charles Daniels 1894-1907. He walked two miles to and from school each day. He was very strict and each class stayed on the same studies until they were thoroughly learned.
The chart class was like kindergarden. They learned the alphabet and to count from a chart, hence the name "chart class." Slates and pencils were used by the chart class. Sponges were used as erasers.

The farmers in the area would cut and deliver wood for the heating stove that kept the one room warm. There was no inside plumbing. The boys would carry water from the nearest neighbor, John Dickerhoff, in a tin bucket. A dipper was provided for all to drink. At lunch time everyone ate from baskets or tin buckets prepared at home early in the morning or the night before. Most of the children had a mile or more to walk to the school.
At noon games were enjoyed in the school yard that surrounded the building. Many pranks on the teacher were played by the older boys but usually the boys ended up setting things right again. They piled wood in the vestibule and the teacher, Charles Daniels, made them carry the wood back and pile it by the fence.
The children that attended or started when I did were: Homer Eber, Bertha Eber, Wilbur Craig, Tressie Eber, John Eber, Theresa Grogg, Roy Kamp, Harvey Tracy, Eva Hoffman, Nona Tracy, Gilbert Tracy, Cleo Smith, Dallas Tracy, Carl Henderson, Joe Dickerhoff, Bessie Dickerhoff, Fred Dickerhoff, Esther Dickerhoff, Susie Dickerhoff, Alber Pontious, Docia Dickerhoff and Jimmy Kamp.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, pp 54-55]
__________

One of the oldest school buildings still standing in Fulton county is the Highland school in Henry township, three miles southeast of Akron. It was built in 1890. The last school year for Highland school was 1918-19. [photo]
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 30, 1970]
__________

Teachers:
1896-97: Charles A. Daniels
1897-98: Miss Leiter
1898-99: C. A. Daniels
1899-00: Bessie Rader
1900-01: Bessie Rader
1901-02: C. A. Daniels
1902-03: [teachers not definitely chosen, but will be Leah Platt or W. B. Shewman]
1903-04: [not listed by school]
1904-05: Leah Platt
1905-06: [omitted]
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 37-39]

PARTIAL LIST OF TEACHERS, DISTRICT 10,
HIGHLAND SCHOOL (EAST GERMANY)
Dessa Busenberg, Milo Cain, Seth Carpenter, Charles Daniels, Florence DeMont, Clara Hatfield, Zerna Higgins, Zona Leiter, Etta Linebaugh, Roy (Tommy) Miller, Leah Platt, Mearle Potter, Bessie Rader, Daniel Slaybaugh, Edith Stephy, William Webrazdail, Alwilda Mae Wood.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, p 22]

HOOVER SCHOOL [Henry Township]
The Hoover school house, on the Akron road, burned down on Thursday. The fire caught in the roof, and the building burned in the presence of the teacher and scholars. No water near to extinguish the flames.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 25, 1874]

The Hoover School house, situated five miles east of Rochester, took fire from the flue, on last Thursday, and burned down.

--- The Hoover school house, on the Akron road, was destroyed by fire one week ago to-day.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 30, 1874]

The Hoover school house, located about equi-distant between this place and Rochester, was burned to the ground to-day. The fire originated from a defective flue.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 9, 1874]

Charles Hoover is giving instructions in vocal music at the Hoover school house every Wednesday evening. All orderly persons are invited to attend.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 20, 1879]

HOPEWELL [Wagoner's Station, Miami County]
See Wagoner's Station School

INDEPENDENCE SCHOOL [Newcastle Township]
Located N side of 400N at approximately 400E.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1876 and 1883.
__________

Located on the site of a log schoolhouse erected in 1845 or 1846 in Section 23 south of the S. H. Farry farm.
The new building was erected on the site of the old, and was called "Independence Schoolhouse," from the spirit in which it was built, as well as from the fact that it was independent of the control exercised by the trustees over the township schools. It had the best of teachers, and it is said that no school in the township ever had a more prosperus existence or a larger enrollment of scholars. It was maintained thus by private patronage for a number of years until the present fee school law became operative, and in 1856 this building was succeeded by Center Schoolhouse.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 24, pp 10-11]

IRELAND SCHOOL [#3] [Union Township]
Located SE corner of 1100W and 150S.
Built before 1876.
[photo] Ireland School c. 1905. Front row: Mrs. Coursey - teacher, Elzie Schirm, Donald Miller or Harry Norris, Rolland Smith, three unknowns. Middle row: Rayne Miller, Elodia (Betty) Harris, Huber Miller, three unknowns, Nola (Fred) Harris. Back row: Charlie Schirm, unknown, Cecil Smith Rhoades, unknown, Velma Harris, Tura Harris. (Photo donated to FCHS by Robert Miller)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 74]

[photo] Ireland School 1912-13 a mile and a half west of Kewana. Left to right: Clyde Keeney, Arthur Troutman, Foster Enyeart, Opal Grimes, Ruth Grimes, three unidentified children, Geraldine Keeney, unidentified girl, Harold Emmons, Beulah Leap Adams, Elias Miller, Donald Miller, Miss Pha (Fay) Hoover - teacher, Chester "Check" Emmons, Sadie Schirm. This school is now a granary used by owner Robert Miller. According to his abstract, the school came into existence between 1866-79, but it is believed the school existed before the land was deeded to the school. (Photo: Robert Miller)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 75]

[photo] Ireland School 1916-17. Front row: Vearl Troutman, Mary Gray, Willard Boller, Robert Miller, Robert Sales, Walter Boller, Hugh Evans. Row 2: Gerald Graffis, Josephine McBeth, Pearl Keeney, Geraldine Keeney, Howard Slifer, Carl Evans, Carl Bennett. Row 3: Hazel Slifer, Elias Miller, Clyde Keeney, teacher - Rayne Miller, unknown. (Photo: Robert Miller)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 76]

IRELAND SCHOOL
By Robert and Helen Miller
Ireland School, District no. 3, was located on the southeast corner of 1100W and 150S about a mile northwest of Kewanna. According to older family members it was called Ireland because of several Irish families in the community.
It was a white wooden structure with an anteroom in front. There were three windows with green shutters on each side and blackboards all around the room. It was heated by a wood-burning stove located in the center. The foundation for the school was begun in 1862 during the Civil War, but the building wasn't finished until after the war in 1866.
Students walked to school. The teacher was also the janitor assisted by the older boys. Water was carried from Huber's well, a near-by farmhouse.
Children played games of ball, tag, etc. In winter they had a hill across the road to go sledding and at the foot a big pond to skate on. Of course, there were spelling bees, box socials, and last day of school dinners.
Five of Gottlieb Huber's children attended all eight grades; his daughter Alice married William Miller and five of their children attended here too. One of their daughters, Rayne Miller, was the last teacher there 1916-18. Her brother Robert was one of the pupils during those years, so he had the unusual experience of having his big sister for a teacher. The Smiths and Troutmans had several generations of students there also.
Since the school closed in 1918 it has been used for a granary. It is on the Robert Miller farm and we received a Bicentennial certificate for this over-100-year old building in 1976. As this farm is the original Gottlieb Huber farm we also received another Bicentennial certificate for having a farm in the same family over 100 years. In July 1982 we rceived the Hoosier Homestead Award from the Indiana Dept. of Commerce and Indiana Historical Bureau.
Some of the teachers in later years (after 1900) were a Miss Coursey, Roy Hoff, Plaudia Enyeart, Faye Hoover 1912-13, June Willoughby, and Rayne Miller 1916-18.
The last year, 1917-18, these were the pupils: First grade: Enith Troutman, Genevieve Sales, Corlista Keeney, Loyd Rhodes, Bertha McBeth, Emma K. Graffis. Second grade: Mary Gray, Robert Miller, Robert Sales, Vearl Troutman. Third grade: Hugh Evans. Fifth grade: Pearl Keeney, Carl Evans, Josephine McBeth, Howard Slifer, Carl Bennett, Gerald Graffis. Sixth grade: Elias Miller, Geraldine Keeney, Ercil Cunningham. Eighth grade: Clyde Keeney, Hazel Slifer. Teacher - Rayne Miller; trustee - George Garmon.
Robert's older brother, Elias Miller, recalls being invited by Roy Hoff, teacher, to visit the school. Elias felt it was a great honor and sat very quiet and attentive. Elias was not yet of school age.
William Charles Miller was a veterinarian at Bluffton where his first two children, Huber and Rayne, were born. Then he moved his family to a farm near Kewanna southeast of the Jubilee School, and Donald and Elias were born there (Elias in 1906). Then they moved to Mrs. Miller's parents' home place while Elias was too little to remember, and Robert was born there in 1910. Robert has lived on this farm all his life, never lived anywhere else.
Elias says that Plaudia Enyeart was the teacher who put the ABC's on the blackboard in six inch high letters. There was a bench by the teacher's desk where each class would go up to recite.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, pp 73-76]
__________

Joseph Slick [has charge of] Ireland School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1873]

The "Ireland" school is under the management of Joseph Slick, who has taught there for several terms in succession. . . We note this as one of our successful schools.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 24, 1877]

Mr. A. J. Harsh closed his winter term of school at Ireland on last Saturday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 15, 1879]

Will Thompson will swing the birch at Ireland and Miss McGraw will teach the young ideas at Scotland.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1879]

JACKSON SCHOOL [Union Township]

JOHNSON SCHOOL [Richland Township]
Located at Germany

JOHNSON SCHOOL [Union Township]

JUBILEE SCHOOL [#1] [Union Township]
Located NW corner of 600W and 100S.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
Jubilee and Polecat were apparently the same school, but different buildings, and different locations, Jubilee replacing Polecat, both being designated #1.
__________

[photo] Jubilee School - THEN. A crowd gathered for the dedication of the new Jubilee School Sept. 15, 1898. Front Row: Lela Slick, Emma Slick, Vida Collins, Letta Henderson, Donna Kurtz, unknown, Frank Hudkins, Hugh Sparks, Clyde Collins, Vere Calvin, Darl Kurtz, Charley Engle, William Barger, John Hudkins, unknown, Jennie Engle. Row 2: unknown, Exie Slick, Grace Slick, Artella Smith, Julia Collins, Elra Hogan, unknown, unknown, Nolen Henderson, unknown, Clyde Henderson, unknown, George Hilflicker (holding pump handle). Row 3: John Gorsline, Mary Felder, Elizabeth Kile, Olive Collins, Ella Gohl, Clyde LeMasters, Prof. LeMasters of Kewanna High School, unknown, J. P. Russell - trustee of Union Township, Ella Collins, Mrs. J. P. Russell, Mrs. Joe Smith, Jessie Calvin, unknown. Row 4: Lucy Slick, Elizabeth Gorsline, William Gohl. The rest of those known are given by location: Gohl (sitting in window), Alice Hilflicker (just left of Gohl), Sarah Hartman (against wall), John Hartman (to her left) holding Lee Moon. Behind John Hartman is Demma Hogan, holding Ernest Hogan. To the left in front of the mirros is Chris Felder holding Clifford Felder. To his left is Herman Slick, Ethan Collins, Frank Kurtz (next to wall), Philip Kile (with black hat, in front of Chris Felder), FrankCollins (standing against east wall, west side of window), Anthony Felder (at left of Frank Collins, west corner of window), Edwin Tracy (east corner of window, no hat). Tracy was the first teacher of Jubilee School and was from Rochester. (Photo given by Clyde Collins to FCHS in 1973. Jubilee School was on his farm.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 44, p. 62]

[photo] Jubilee School 1907 fall. Earl Heimberger, teacher, took the photo and is not in the picture because he was behind the camera. Front row: Frank Felder, unknown, Grant Felder, Milo Collins, Earl Wilson. Row 2: Bertha Metzger, Sarah Wilson, Ruby Metzger, Bessie Personette, Cecil Collins. Row 3: Mamie Graft, Edna Graft, Chloe Ewing, Nellie Metzger, Bessie Graft, Bernie Hoover, Odella Mohler, Willie Metzger. Row 4: Mildred Bringham, Marie Wilson, Clifford Felder, Hobart Wilson, Murl Zellers. Back row: Arthur Felder, Lee Moon, Fern Ewing, Anna Metzger, Margaret Bringham, Wilbur Bringham, George Wilson, Ernest Hogan, Albert Hoover. (Photo: Chloe Ewing Johnson)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 70]

[photo] Jubilee School 1912-13. Frank Felder - lying in front. Front row: Albert Talbott, Jessie Mullen, Carl Felder, Floyd Eisenman, John Mullen, Dorcas Hudkins, Violet Mullen, Glen Jennings. Row 2: Walter Gibbs, Odella Mahler, Cleah Kimble, Belle Talbott, Mary Barger, Ruth Metzger, Cecil Collins, Bill Hudkins, Ruby Metzger, Maurice Talbott. Row 3: Lucille Cooper, Bertha Metzger, Ruth Graham, Mamie Graft, Edith Mullen, Grant Felder. Row 4: Bessie Graft, Nellie Metzger, Bessie Personette Jane Hudkins, Sarah Wilson, John Bringham. Back Row: Edna Graft, Ethyle Woods, Hobart Wilson, Bill Metzger, Harold Gibbs, Edwin Barger, Earl Wilson, Plaudia Enyeart - teacher (Photo: Ethyle Woods Munson)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 44, p. 64]

[photo] Jubilee School - NOW. Abandoned, forlorn and falling into ruins, Jubilee School was once the pride of the community east of Kewanna (by Cowles gravel pit). (Photo: Walter Johnson Oct. 1980)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 44, p. 60]

[photo] Raising the Roof - The Fulton County Historical Society saved the Jubilee School cupola Saturday and took it to the FCHS History Village. The work was done by Fred Carr, sitting on the roof, with the help of a boom truck donated by Jack Waltz. The cupola will eventually be placed on a school building scheduled to be built in the village. It will serve as a bell tower as it did for Jubilee School. Owner Don Cowles donated the cupola to the FCHS. He is demolishing the decaying building. Jubilee School was built in 1898 near Kewanna on County Road 600 West. It closed in 1928. (FCHS Photo)
[FCHS Newsletter, August, 1994, p. 44]
_________

JUBILEE SCHOOL
By Fern Ewing Master
The Jubilee School was built in 1898. It was a replacement of the school house that stood one-half mile south, known as "Pole-Cat" school. Jubilee is located in the middle of the eastern half of Union Township. It was built from red brick and the wood-work was painted white with the bagles white also. Above the entrance way, which were double doors, the name and date: "Jubilee 1898" was engraved. it is still standing but is in a sad and deplorable condition, looks as if to say "Won't somebody help me, please, for one time I was the pride of the community."
I started to school there in 1905. I had to walk 1-1/2 miles to school daily. Clyde Henderson was the teacher in 1906. Elmer Cook was the teacher for three or four years; Harry Heimberger for two years, then Frank Collins taught a couple of terms. I graduated in 1909 from the 8th grade, then entered Kewanna High School, where I graduated in 1914.
The eighth grade graduates of the township country schools were sent to Kewanna High School. John Bybee was the trustee in 1909.
During the summer season the Methodist Church of Kewanna would conduct Sunday School and other religious services on Sunday afternoons and sometimes evening services were conducted.
The Jubilee School was closed in 1928. The pupils were then bused to the Kewanna school system.
Editor's note: A 1906 photo of Jubilee School was printed in the Rochester Sentinel Apr. 21, 1973, submitted by Mrs. Clarence (Lela Metzger) Graffis. The pupils included were Jennie Hudkins, Mamie Graft, Odella Mahler, Vernie Hoover, Cecil Collins, Earl Wilson, Willie Ness, Hobert Wilson, Willie Metzger, Nellis Metzger, Chloe Ewing, Edna Craft, Marie Wilson, Bessie Craft, Clifford Felder, Ernest Hogan, George Wilson, Arthur Felder, Wilber Bringham, Lee Moon, Fern Ewing, Anna Metzger, Margaret Bringham, John Hudkins, Roscoe Barker, Mildred Bringham, Lela Metzger, Belle Metzger, David Metzger, and Elmer Cook - teacher.
Polecat School stood on the east side of 600W one-half mile south of the present Jubilee School. Polecat School was built before 1876 and was abandoned between 1883 and 1907, according to the atlases of those dates.
Jubilee School still stands on the northeast corner of 100S and 600W south of Cowles' gravel pit.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 44, pp 60-61]

JUBILEE SCHOOL
By Ruth E. Metzger Hughes
The Jubilee school building was built in 1898, the year after Queen Victoria had reigned 60 years. It was called her "Diamond Jubilee Celebration" and was celebrated all over the world, so the school was called "Jubilee", in honor of the Queen's celebration.
Jubilee School was located 4-1/2 miles northeast of Kewanna, at the crossroads now marked 100S and 600W. The cornerstone on the southeast corner of the building reads: W. S. Gibbons, Co. Supt.; J. P. Russell, Trustee; J. F. Ault, Architect. The building was made of brick and had a steeple with a bell, which was used each morning, recess and noon. The door of the building faced the south which kopened into a hallway, where we hung our wraps. In the school-room auditorium was one large stove (furnace) which heated the school, about 40 desks facing west, windows in each wall It was decided that this did not permit enough light, kso the building was remodeled about 1913. The windows on the east and west walls were taken out, and the whole north wall was made into windows. The west wall was one continuous blackboard. On the west wall were a couple of cabinets, containing books, which was our library. The stove was on the south side, and the desks turned facing the east. There was an outtside pump for water, out-houses (no plumbing) and a fair-sized playground.
School began at 8:30 and was out at 4:00, with one hour for noon, and 15-minute recesses. We had opening exercises, usually singing. The school had an average of 30 to 40 pupils, consisting of eight grades, and we were taught "Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Spelling, Grammar, History, Geography, and Physiology", as they were called in those days. There was one one teacher, and he or she taught all subjects to all pupils. To graduate from the eighth grade you had to pass a written examination (test) given by the county superintendent.
At noon time and recesses games played were ball, basketball, blackman, dare-base, deer, tag, London bridge, zippy, and others too numerous to mention. There was a large pond nearby where we went skating in winter. During the year there was always a box-social or pie-social, some years a Halloween Party, a Christmas program or a spelling-bee.
Each family took their own children to school when the weather was bad; otherwise we walked, some about 2-1/2 miles, on dirt roads. No school buses.
The last day of school was always a big affair, which usually was in April, because there were only two vacations: one week at Christmas time and two days at Thanksgiving time. The last day all parents brought baskets of food for a big dinner together and social time. Then report cards were given out. Sometimes there was a program, sometimes a ballgame, then "Farewell" until next year.
Names of families that attended Jubilee School: Anderson, Barger, Barker - two families, Bixler, Bringham, Collins - three families, Craig, Eisenman, Ewing, Faylor, Felder - three families, Gibbs, Graham, Haimbaugh, Harding, Hethcote, Hilficker, Hogan, Hoover, Hudkins, Jennings, Johnston, Kimble, Kile, Leap, Little, McCay, McClain, McNabb, Metzger - two families, Miller, Moon, Morrow, Mullins, Ness, Personnet, Pieratt, Reasor, Reed, Smith, Talbott, Vawter, Wilson, Woods, and Zellers.
The first teacher that I have record of was 1906, for which I have a photograph. Teachers: Elmer Cook 1906-07; Harry Heimburger 1907-09; Elmer Cook 1909-10, 1910 fall; Estil Ginn 1911 spring; John Gorsline 1911-12; Plaudia Enyeart 1912-13; George Kaley 1913-15; Olvyn Troutman 1915-17; VanTuyl Gillespie 1917-18; Gail Willoughby 1918-19; Marie Johnston 1919-20; Jessie Teeter 1920-21; Tom Reed 1921-25; Dona Wagner (Miller) 1925-27; Tom Reed 1927-28.
1927-28 was the last year that the Jubilee school building was used for school. After it was not used for school anymore, it was used for storing grain. It is still standing, but in a deplorable condition.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 44, pp 61-64]

DAVIS SCHOOL
By David Metzger
Davis School was abandoned about 1903 or 04. A man named Andrew Jackson lived on the hill south of the school on the west side of the road. He bought the schoolhouse and moved it down to his place, but he never used it. My dad bought it off of him, moved it to our place, and made a wood house and a little pump house of it. It is no longer in existence, as both have been torn down.
From that time on we went to Jubilee School by the gravel pit. There were 30 some pupils at Jubilee in grades one through eight. I was ready for the fifth grade when I went to Jubilee and I was the only one they had for fifth grade, so they put me in the sixth grade, and I never did take the fifth.
One of the teachers I had at Jubilee School was Clyde Henderson, as good a teacher as I ever went to - he was all business. Out on the playground he was one of us, only he played a little rougher with us older ones. But when we went in the schoolhouse, everything was business, and don't think it wasn't! I believe I went to him two terms. Then I went to Frank Collins one year and Elmer Cook one year.
Davis School did not have a single seat in it - it was all double seats. Then I went to Jubilee and it had all single seats. Elmer Cook as teacher would take the class up front to recite. I sat in the back seat in the outside row. Lee Moon sat about two seats ahead of me in the second row. I was studying to beat the band or I wouldn't have seen all this. Lee was messing around with something - I don't know what, but it was something he shouldn't have been. Elmer had his class up in front and I saw his hand go over like this to his desk (he was sitting at the desk). Lee looked up and he just stayed there. Pretty soon Lee got back down again, Elmer's hand went up, Lee looked up, Elmer just stood there; pretty soon Lee got back down and -- Bang -- Elmer threw a ball at him. The teacher threw a ball at Lee Moon and he missed him. It came down right beside of my seat, so I just got down, caught it, picked it up and threw it back to the teacher. I made a perfect shot; if he hadn't have caught it, it would have hit him. But he caught it. He had thrown the ball to straighten up Lee. Afterward he talked about that one summer. He said, "I should have given you a thrashing for that." "No," I said, "you might need that ball to throw at somebody else. And another thing, Peeler (I always called him Peeler Cook), I don't think you could have done it if you had wanted to."
At recess Clyde Henderson would take a couple of coal buckets to the coal house and fill them with coal for the stove. There was a door up there where they shoveled the coal in and over here was a long walk-in door. We had a nice snow on the ground and Clyde went in there to get a couple of buckets of coal and we just shut the door on him. We got out the snowballs, and when he came to the door where they scooped in the coal to get out, we would snowball him. That didn't stop him. He went back down and pretty soon he came back with little chunks of coal. That hurt! He had enough of them to run us out too. Ha ha. But I'm telling you, when we went in the schoolhouse we were better behaved, I tell you!
Frank Collins and his mother lived where Clifford Felder does now. Frank Collins always wore awful tight trousers.There were transoms over the door after you got in the anteroom, and you could reach up and get ahold and pull yourself up. One recess Frank came out and saw us doing it and said, "I can do that," pulled himself up and busted his pants. He had Dee Ulerick teach while he went home to change his pants. He came back and Lulu Metzger spoke up, said he must be going someplace since he had changed his pants. The boys laughed and said, "Yeah, guess he is."
John Gorseline was trustee at the time. And Frank Collins was a one-horse auctioneer. He got a sale to cry so John came out to teach school one day while Frank went to cry the sale. We didn't have much school but he was there. I remember that day at school. Wilbur Bringham held up his hand and he asked him what he wanted. He had a word he wanted to ask about, I guess, so he said, "Bring it up here." So Wilbur took his book and got about to him and John just turned and walked off.Wilbur kept following him and he just kept walking around the school, I don't know how many times around. Finally he turned around and said, "Oh, you're there, are you." He told him what it was. That's the kind of school we had that day.

My specialty in the last few years I was in Jubilee was arithmetic. I'd cipher everybody down in the whole school, I don't know how many times. You're up there ciphering, and cipher that one down, and you'd get to choose what you wanted to do. Well, if you chose addition, we would write them on the board and by the time we had them all written, I had that first one added, so I had a start on them. There was one problem in arithmetic book that Elmer Cook said could not be worked by arithmetic. He said, "If any of you get that problem without any help from any other person, I'll give you a 100 on the examination that's coming up, whether you deserve it or not." I got ahold of an algebra book out home and I found a rule in there that worked that problem. So I worked the problem. My sister Belle was in the same class I was in. She said, "Show me how to work that problem." I said no, you aren't supposed to have any help. She said, "I don't care. Just show me how to work it." So I finally did. Then back at school, before school took up, I showed everyone in the class how to work that problem. There was John Hudkins, Roscoe Barker, Lela Metzger, Mildred Bringham - I told every one of them. When it came time for class, the teacher asked how many got the problem. Everybody held up their hand. "How many got it without any help from anybody else?" I was the only one. "Who showed them" I said I did. So when I got my paper back from the exam we had to take a few weeks later, it had 200 at the top in place of 100.
When I came in to take the examination to graduate from the eighth grade, we all came in here to the schoolhouse (in Kewanna) and they appointed two teachers to conduct the examination: Roy Cannon and Alva Patty. Elmer Cook told them that I would get a 100 on the examination. We worked 'till noon and then they took the manuscript and shut it up and put a seal on it. But when they gave mine back, the seal had been broken and a new seal put on. They looked to see if I got a 100 in arithmetic. And they said I did, but when they finished them up, I had a multiplication table down at the left and I made a mistake of one when I made my last subtraction. It didn't phase the answer though, but I made a mistake of one so they gave me a 95. That was the way you got into high school in those days.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48 pp 68-72]

KELLAR SCHOOL [#10] [ Liberty Township]
Located N side of 825S at approximately 300E.
Built between 1876 and 1883.
__________

[photo] Kellar school 1887-88. Back row: Laurence Nickols, Joe Hower, Ora Kroft, Charley Kroft - teacher, Ida Slifer, Effie Kroft, Dora Bray. Middle row: all three unknown. Front row: Arthur Doud, John Slifer, Sarah Arnold, Alvin Doud, Urma Sliver, Pearl Velee, Essie Burch, Myrta Williams, Maggie Bray, Violet Slifer, Fanner Bray, Kirch Robbins, Sam Hower, Luther Bray, Mel Bray, Charles Nickols, John Hower. (Photo: Bertha Hower Waltz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 21, p. 23]

[photo] Kellar School, 1889, in Liberty Township. Located at the end of what is now 300E on county road 825S, it was built between 1880 and 1885 in front of an old brick school which stood on the grounds. After being badly damaged by a windstorm in 1950, it was torn down. Front row: Elmer Brown, Walter Brown, Sammy Hower, Jimmy Benson, Urma Slifer, Will Staley, Alvin Doud, Brooks Chapin, Charles Nichols, Adra Adams, Nellie Stanton, Bessie Stanton, Lakie Benson, Violet Slifer, Flora Arnold, Pearl Belee. Back row: Ida Hower, Essie Burch, Nathan A. Enyart - teacher, Bertha Doud, Ida Slifer, Effie Croft. (Photo donated to FCHS by Bertha Waltz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 64-65, p. 125]
[photo] This picture of Kellar school was taken by Essie Williams Southertn in 1912 or 1913. The glass slide photo was developed by Essie by means of sunlight and a pitcher pump supply of water. Note the belfry that Joe Hower built in 1889.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 21, p. 24]

KELLARS SCHOOL
By Bertha Hower Waltz
"Old Kellars" must have been the center of academic, social and religious life in the area of South Mud Lake in the late 1800's and early 1900's. The building was located on a high wooded area at the north end of what is now road 300E on 825 South. As nearly as can be determined the first building was built in the early 1850's, and stood just behind the new building. A family named "Kellar" at one time lived in the first house east of the school. This school was also known as No. 10 or Mt. Pleasant.
Flossie Enyart Bailey, one of the oldest surviving students who attended Kellars, remembers that she started school at the age of four because her father, Nathan Enyart, happened to be the teacher. Nathan's brother William, and a relative, Morton Oliver Perry Enyart, also taught there. Although Joe Hower thought Morton was one of the best teachers he had, he liked to tell this story. M. O., as he was often called, was being interviewed for the position. Asked about his preparation for teaching, he replied, "I bought a riding horse and a new pair of boots"; although he had completed the six week teacher training course, following the eighth grade.
Other teachers at Kellars included John and Bert Kent (brothers), Irvin Clemans, Charles Kroft, Angie Conn, Kirch Robbins, Mary Dill, Myrtle Morts, W. T. S. Conner, Truman Ward, Emma Becker, Cretie Ausman, Mildred Calloway, and Scott Savage. Mr. Savage taught the last term, 1924-25.
Sunday school, church, and revival meetings came under the auspices of the United Brethern Circuit, which served Olive Branch, Fairview and possibly others in the area.
For evening affairs, lanterns were hung on both of the long inside walls. There were political speeches, well attended and discussed; also fought over. Lighter times were such events as spelling bees, debates, and box socials. Several remember fights erupting after these events, also. Issues debated in the time of Joe Hower's participation, included time zone boundaries, a canal system for Indiana, rural mail deliveries, and the new invention: the telehone. Someone always had a last word for IT: that it was unimportant, since it would never amount to anything commercially.
One can almost see the large school yard, well dotted with trees; and horses, with or without buggies or wagons, tied to trees and posts, switching the flies away.
On December 27, 1926, Lawrence Hendrickson, trustee, sold at auction three unused one-room school buildings. Kellar was purchased by Rueben Bevelheimer for $70.50.
Except for school renions, the building wasn't used. It was badly damaged in 1949 or by 1950 by a windstorm, and eventually torn down. The land reverted to the original farm and is now owned by Claude Williams.
References: Josiah Hower's history, Flossie Enyart Bailey, Earl Bailey, Orville Brown, Elzie Zartman, my memory of Dad's (Joe Hower's) stories, Kingman Atlas 1883, Barnhart's Fulton County History 1923.
The following "Remembrance of Kellar School" was written by J. A. (Joe) Hower for the Five Corners and Kellars reunion, August 24, 1941.
"My earliest remembrance of old Kellars school, grounds, and buildings dates back to the year 1880. Some time during the summer of that year a group of us boys and girls (we were then), walked from our homes about midway between Five Corners and Kellars, over to the old school house where we were to go to school the coming winter.
"The building was an old brick building and we each in turn, lifted each other up to have a look inside; just what we saw, I do not remember.
"The building was located just back of the present one which is still standing. The brick building was badly cracked and a year or two later was reinforced by large iron rods about one inch in diameter. Three of these rods were put in crosswise with two inch plank on the outside, and two (rods) lengthwise. How well I remember the nuts that were screwed on the ends of these rods, outside the building; they were about three inches square.
"A few years later this old building was condemned by the authorities and had to be replaced by a new building.
"A violent discussion arose as to whether the new building should be of frame construction or should be rebuilt of brick. As my father was then director of the district, he appointed me (age ten) to carry a petition around over the district to see how many favored a brick and how many a frame building. Those favoring a frame were greatly in the majority; and a frame it was, which still stands today. (1941)
"This new frame building was built about the year 1882 or 1883. Inside the room were turn-up seats and desks, a good slate blackboard which extended entirely across the front, and about six feet on each side. There were long recitation benches across the front and a nice oak, teacher's desk in the middle near the blackboard.
"Sometime later the patrons concluded they wanted a bell mounted on top of the building, and I claim the distinction of having built the belfry (at age 15), which is still a part of the old building. This contract was let to me by Uncle Billy Miller, when he was trustee, and became my first contract, for which I received the sum of five dollars.
"About the year 1885 Reverend Butler of the Fulton circuit came out and held a revival meeting and almost everyone joined the church. A Sunday school was organized and from that time on, it became a great community center. People came from far and near; as far away as horse and buggy days would permit. The boys got new suits of clothes, and the girls wore bustles and long dresses. In time the young men got to coming out in swallow-tail coats and high stand-up collars, the most beautiful neckties you ever saw; and I dare say, there was more style around old Kellars and Five Corners than there is in the whole city of Logansport today. You younger generation can hardly beieve this to be true, but the older people of our day will bear me out in what I have told you about early Pioneer days in Indiana."
Mount Pleasant
Upon a pleasant hill in the old Hoosier state
Stands the old school house of which I'll relate.
In the year of eighteen hundred and eighty-eight
Boys and girls were busy with book and slate.

Not only this year, but years before,
Contained this school house quite a score
Of pupils: Large and small, timid and bold,
Who tried many a day their lessons to unfold.

Upon that hill among the tall green oaks,
Oft-times swarming thick with little folks
Who have not learnedof what others have sought,
But yet no doubt have often thought:
When we are old, we'll smile and say:
"Where is that golden childhood day
When you and I as children gay
Spent many a day in cheerful play?"

Bye and bye as time glides gently on,
These youths will leave Mt. Pleasant one by one.
Perhaps some to the grave may be borne;
While others may ascend to a higher throne.

How many in some far and distant hour
Will grow bright as does the lighthouse tower?
And so when all who have attained a clearer power
Just reflect upon these lines written by J. A. Hower.
This poem was found in an old school note book of Joe Hower's, dated Dec. 25, 1888, which means he was an eighth grader. The last verse had been crossed out as apparently unnecessary.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 21, pp. 22-25]

The schools in this township are all supplied with teachers. . . . Mr. Holland at the Keller school house . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 18, 1878]

Mr. Huland is going to teach at the Keller school house instead of Holland as reported.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 1, 1878]

Miss Eliza J. Reid closed her school on Thursday last, and in the evening was united in marriage to Rev. J. Bishop, of Arkansas. . . will leave for Arkansas in September. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 23, 1877]

Miss Eliza J. Reid having been recently married, Miss Emma Onstott has been engaged to teach the unexpired term of her school -- two months.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 30, 1877]

J. Q. Henry has resigned his position in the Winamac school and expects to enter the theological seminary of Chicago this fall.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 4, 1877]

The Normal School, under the supervision of F. P. Bitters, promises to be a success.
[Tidal Waves by Tom Thumb, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 15, 1877]

A school meeting was held at Keller's school house last Saturday evening which resulted in the choosing of Miss Maggie Wertz for teacher.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 18, 1879]

Teachers: Bert Kent
KEWANNA SCHOOL [#5] [Kewanna,Indiana]
Located SW corner of South & Toner.
One of the first schools constructed in Union Township near Pleasant Grove was located about one and one-half miles W of Kewanna, near what was known as the Meiser Huckleberry Marsh. Another early school was located about one mile E of Kewanna.
Later a school was held in the main part of town above a blacksmith shop.

KEWANNA SCHOOLS [Kewanna, Indiana]
The first school building to be built in Union Township was erected in 1840 and was the usual type of log cabin in use at the time for school houses. Soon after, on July 25, 1840, the trustees met and divided the township into three school districts. In 1842 the first school house in District No. 1 was erected on land donated by Stephen Bruce, and two years later the first school in District No. 2 was built on land presented to the township by James A. Carter. Both of these buildings were hewn logs; it wasn't much of a school house, but in those days they were lucky to even get teachers and a place for teaching the children. After the land had been sold (which was public land) it went into the township treasury and as long as there were school funds in the treasury the township charged no tuition. But as usual the funds didn't cover all expenses the township had to pay. There were such things as notes to cover, which amounted to $55.81 in 1844 owing to the township, and furthermore the funds were not sufficient to cover the expense of teaching the 166 pupils of the township, but that didn't stop the township people from wanting an education for their children.
After the great improvement had been made in the public school system by the revised constituion of 1851, providing for the maintenance of the schools by a direct tax upon all citizens, and making their benefits free to all, eight districts in the township were now supplied with neat, comfortable school houses, in which school was conducted during six months of the year. The citizens were justly proud of their public schools, which were a mighty influence upon the moral and intellectual welfare of the community.
It should be noted that the above references are to township schools. This article taken from the Kewanna Herald, Aug. 25, 1899, refers to schoolhouses in town:
"The old log M.E. church (which stood where John Urbin's house is now, but was moved to the present school site) was used for the first school house in town for several years. The next school house was the two lower rooms of the home of Rev. J. W. Cummings. The first house built specially for a schoolhouse was the present home of P. S. Troutman, built in 1865. Soon after this the question of establishing a graded school was discussed with the result of a new two-story building of 44 feet square, divided into two rooms with anterooms above and the same below. This building served the town for some 20 or more years when it burned down."
After they built the new and beautiful building on the north side of town, it wasn't too many years after that the town was needing even more room to put all the children.
The new building, built in 1891, was destined to become the first school in the township to serve as a high school in the late 1890's, and to yield the first graduating class of 1900. This was strictly a town school controlled by the town board and those living in the township had to obtain a transfer to attend.
There were four rooms in all, two on each of two floors. A Kewanna Herald article of Oct. 8, 1897, states in part, "The two rooms on the first floor uniting on such occasions, as well as the two higher rooms." The article continues, "The school building is very good, being well-lighted, heated and ventilated. But another room would facilitate the work a great deal. The room now used for a recitation room by the high school pupils is very small, in fact too small for the purpose."
By the fall of 1899 the high school authorities decided to do something about the crowded conditions. So they moved the old M.E. Church down to the school. But this still wasn't enough room for the over-crowded conditions. After re-doing the addition and bringing it up to teaching standards, it seemed to be quite desirable to learn and teach in.
After going through another school term, the town and school witnessed their first graduating class from the high school part. The class consisted of five young men: Harry Heimburger, Harry Wilson, Arthur Shaffer, Clyde LeMasters, and James McNeff. Their pictures are still on the high school's walls. That was the class of 1900.
A Kewanna Herald article of Sept. 7, 1900, seems to indicate a lack of specialty courses. But soon after that things began to look up. The following report given by Superintendent J. B. LeMasters on Oct. 5, 1900, tells of the abundance of kids in the enrollment. Total enrollment was 221; enrollment at close of month, 216; average attendance for the month, 211; cases of tardiness, 11; number on honor roll, 101.
Returning to the changes in the school building, it should be said that there were several country schools which helped the high school in town grow. The kids that wanted to go to high school had to come in town because it was the only school around. And the people in the country had made no effort to bring their schools up to date as in remodeling or enlarging. So the citizens of Kewanna decided to do something about the overcrowding in the school. The Kewanna Herald June 19, 1903, carried this notice: "Under House Bill No. 262, approved Mar. 9, 1903, acts of last Legislature, Section One, the school board proposed the sum of $4500 for the erection of a two-story, brick, slate-roof addition on the north end of the present school building in Kewanna. The new addition was to be 40 x 54 feet. Signed G. W. Ralston, school board president; D. H. Snepp, secretary; and J. P. Russell, treasurer."
Unfortunately, the addition didn't materialize until the spring of 1905. The reason was because of some difficulty over the Indiana Legislature's authorizing the issuance of bonds. But finally two years later it got built.
A few years after the addition the school began to get some different classes into the curricula. Music classes sprang up and even athletic teams sparkled around the school. In some of the harder classes the well-stocked chemistry lab was starting to spark interest in some of the students. And the language to speak was German, just to name a few.
By 1916 the Kewanna school had deteriorated to a point that the State Board of Education sent a long list of things that would have to be done to make it lawful or permissible to continue holding school there. It would have taken $2,000 just to have repairs done to bring it up to date for a year or two, so really it wasn't worth the struggle. So the school board sent a petition around to have a new school built.
By the fall of 1917 the building cornerstone had been laid. So the new school building was going to be built. Next was the process of getting the township schools to consolidate with the town.
The Kewanna Herald article of Sept. 20, 1918, shows that some of the country schools were becoming obsolete as four districts were being hauled into the new township school building. These schools were Ireland, Mt. Carmel, College Corner, and Scotland. The ones that hadn't moved into the new school are as follows: Jubilee, Bruce Lake, Monger, Prairie Grove, Bruce Lake Station, and Russell. But this was changing fast too, because before long they were going to consolidate too.
After being in the new building for awhile, organizations were starting to form, such as the Athletic Association. They decided to make good use of their new gymnasium. This was a big part in K.H.S. history.
The high school band was organized in 1922.
As time lapsed the Kewanna High School senior class of 1924 did a first for the school, publishing of the first annual or yearbook. It was called the Kewannian. It serves today as an admirable record of the school.(It was published every other year most of the time. It was published each year 1947-50, none 1951-54, then 1955-56 every year, and 1966 to the present every year.)
By the late 1920's the school was bursting at the seams and completion of the consolidation effort was imminent. The addition contemplated was actually larger than the basic structure. In 1928 the addition was built. The cement marker on the exterior of the building reads: "Wm. B. Starr, Trustee; Advisory Board: Harley B. Kumler, Frank Scott, Walter W. Wilson; Wm.Gregory Rammel - Arch't; James I Barnes - Contr.; 1928."
The addition had allowed most of the 1917 structure to be used by the lower eight grades. The old assembly room was used for many years for the seventh and eighth grades and the other six grades each had a room to themselves. The old gym (under the school) was used for shop classes.
The addition had a new and larger gymnasium with seating available for several hundreds and a stage on the ground floor. The second floor had a large assembly room, several classrooms and an office. A long hallway also on the second floor was made continuous with the hallway of the 1917 structure.
In order to bring the building up to date there should be something said about the addition of new restrooms at the middle point of the school, in between the 1917 and 1928 structures. During the early 1950's this remodeling was done. The restrooms on the first floor of the 1917 building wrre removed and the first and second grade classes enlarged to utilize the space. Although some remodeling has been don from time to time, the basic structure is just about the same as in the early 1930's.
(Editor's note: In 1965 the principal's office was moved to the projection room between floors on the middle stairway. About this same time the wooden stairways were replaced with cement ones. Lockers were installed in the high school hall in 1967 and the library and audio-visual rooms were built into the west half of the assembly room. In 1970 a pre-fabricated band room was added at the norothwest corner of the school. In 1974 the south side of the balcony was closed in to make a room, which was used for a students' lounge and later a teachers' lounge. In 1979 the office was moved to the pre-fab band room because the State Education Department forbade its use as a classroom, so the band had to go back to practicing on the stage as it had done in years past.)
(Editor's note: When the Leiters Ford school building burned Jan. 5, 1946, they moved in with Kewanna school and two separate schools were operated in the same building. They did not want to lose their identity so it was not a merger. This continued for two years and then Leiters Ford students attended classes in the Methodist Church at Leiters Ford for one year until the new Aubbeenaubbee Township School was completed in the fall of 1951.)
Principals of the Kewanna High School: 1896-1904 J. B. Lemasters, 1905-1910 W. A. Dayo, 1911 W. A. Arnold, 1912-1914 Cecil Grayson, 1915-1918 E. L. Fisher, 1919-1923 A. C. Wright, 1924-1927 C. O. Hoover, 1927-1933 Clarence Gilmer, 1934 Loyd Blickenstaff, 1935-1940 W. Don Collom, 1940-1941 W. Russel Wells, 1941-1943 Wayland D. Richardson, 1843-1947 Willis Bowen, 1947-1948 Harold L. Stafford, 1948-1949 Virgil Gwin, 1949-1951 Keith Dubois, 1951-1956 Carl D. Harmon, 1956-1959 Russel D. Walter, 1959-1961 Leo W. Marshall, 1961-1964 E. Cleon Ginn, 1964-1966 Millard P. Sink, 1966-1968 Robert J. Prout, 1968-1970 John A. Hurst, 1970-1977 Dr. Charles Bernhardt, 19771979 Wayne Pearl, 1979-1980 Dr. J. Earnest Ridgley, 1981 James Shidler (five months), 1981 (beginning in May) Dr. Charles Bernhardt.
[Kewanna, Thelma Johnston, Wade Bussert, Jan Cessna, and Tammy Evans, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard
__________

[photo] Kewanna baseball team 1897. Laying in front: Elsa Blausser. Front Row: Jim Cannon, Frank Engle, Eli Wolfe, Strawberry Henderson, Ed Cannon, [ - - - - ] LeMasters, [ - - - - ] Hoff. Row 2: Hugh McNeff, Harve Snepp, Frank Foglesong. Row 3: Harry Early, Harry "Hack" Hunneshagen, George Troutman. They are in front of Hunneshagen's house on south side of Main Street west of the funeral home. E. B. Cook had a store at Grass Creek and sponsored uniforms. (Photo: Jack Hogan)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 35]

[photo] Mandolin Club in Kewanna 1898. Sitting on the floor in front: Hugh Sparks, Roy McCoy. Row 2: Rev. Jonas Bair - director, Myrtle McCoy, Jesse Zuck, Pearl Mutchler, Hugh McCoy, Ola Zuck - pianist, Lou McCoy. Back Row: Mrs. Bair, Clyde Henderson, Albie Patty, Earl Working, Floyd Bair. The club met weekly in the Bair home, in which this photo was taken. Bair was the Baptist pastor. (Photo: Jack Hogan)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 34]

[photo] The Old High School building in Kewanna is shown in a photo that will bring back memories to many Society members. It was torn down in 1912 to make way for the present Kewanna school. (Photo courtesy Kewanna library)
[FCHS Quarterly, June 1968, p. 9]

[photo] Kewanna Grade 6, 1898, in front of Masonic Hall on State Road 17 half a block south of the stop light. Front Row: Ralph Murphy, Willie Hudkins, Leroy Bennett, Robert Lowry, Earl Mills, Don Wagner, Carl Mason. Row 2: Robert Miller, Clyde Leiter, Vere Calvin, Ralph Guifford. Row 3: John Wilson, Fred Bybee, Pearl Mutchler, Lucy Leiter, Alice Hogan, Hugh McCoy, Carl Russell, Grace Wilson, Frances Wilson. Row 4: Willie Barger, Mr. Gohl, Lucille Leiter Cook, Maggie Atkinson, Fay McPherson, Ida Walters, Lou McCoy, Lelia Street. Row 5: 2 boys on left: Ed Leiter, Charles Sears; 3 girls on right: Metta Lisey, Nellie Wilson, Ethel Troutman, Blanch Bruce. (Photo: Jack Hogan)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 31]

[photo] Kewanna High School 1902. Front Row: Glen Barger Graffis, Lucille Leiter Cook, Ray Blausser, Lula Lisey, Fay McPherson, David Hudkins, Floyd Leasure, Plaudia Enyeart, Albie Patty, Minnie Harris McMannus, Clyde Elston, Nettie Cook Gilbert. Row 2: Effie Wiseley McKinsey, Amy Wiley Wilson, Carl Russell, Elmer Cook, Ethel Sears, Fay McPherson, Clarence Hunneshagen, Ethel Hiland, Roy Cannon, Savilla Leiter Cook, Hugh McCoy, Vause Polen, Pearl McCoy. Row 3: Lou McCoy, Mettie Lisey Ackerman, Mable Ward, Vern Urbin, Clyde Leiter, Leroy Bennett, Mr. Deyo - teacher, Roy Blausser, Harlen McKinsey, Albert Stamm, Earl Heimburger, Earl Shagley, Guy Harris, Milton Hiland, John Lisey, Zellers boy. Row 4: Prof. James LeMasters, Homer Collins, Mae Clark, Jennie Wilson, Angie Walters, Carry Cannon Calvin, Frances Wilson Nixon, Nellie Wilson, Floyd Bair, Lela Street Carpenter, Charles Blessing, Pearl Mutchler Hiland, Grace Wilson Wiseley, Don Wagner. The students wrote 02, 03 or 04 on their clothes with chalk to indicate the year of graduation. (Photo donated to FCHS by Mrs. Dorothy Helen Osborne Keller in 1976.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 32]

[photo] The "in-crowd" of Kewanna High School in 1904 contained the Wilson girls and friends. Front row: Nellie Wilson (Wilson), May Clark (Kotterman). Back: Carrie Cannon (Calvin), Jennie Wilson (Henderson), Frances Wilson (Nixon), Pearl Mutchler (Hiland). (Photo: Mary Petrey)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 33]

[photo] Kewanna School attended by Pearl Mutchler. Building on right was constructed in 1891, and the addition on the left (toward the back) was built in 1904. (Photo: A Preliminary Enquiry into the History of Kewanna Schools, 1967, by John Agnew and John Bauman.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 36]

[photo] 1905 Kewanna graduation picture. Pearl Mutchler (left) is wearing a brown taffeta dress for Baccalaureate. Grace Clifford is weasring her white 8th grade commencement dress. The girls were next-door neighbors. (Photo: Pearl Mutchler Hiland)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 37]

[photo] Kewanna School 1906, first and second grade room. Front Row: unknown, unknown, Hazel Holmes, Mazell Polly, Blessing boy, unknown, unknown, Caroline Bair Weller, unknown, unknown, Gail Willoughby. Row 2: Hugh Cannon, Swisher boy, Hendrickson boy, Beva Wilson, Claudia O'Daffer, Miles Blessing Marie Kopp, Daisy Guifford, Enid Barnett. Row 3: Kenneth Roland, Herbert Gould, Verne Blausser, Frank Goss, unknown, unknown, Ann Heminger, unknown, Edwin Barger, Carl Haag, Bessie Elliott, Elmer Hickle (who helped identify people in this photo). Row 4: Ruth Spangler, unknown, unknown, Lloyd Bruce, Lloyd Anderson, Tom Patty, unknown, Dessie Sibert, Edith Barnett, Kopp girl, Naomi Leasure, Ernest Kopp, unknown. Adults in back: Professor Willet Deyo, Frank Workings - janitor, Rose Carnahan Rainsberger - teacher of first and second grades. (Photo donated to FCHS in 1976 by Mildred Sparks Tomlinson.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 30]

[photo] On the back is written: Martin's School from Kewanna, Sept. 1913. 1. Lillian Nelson, 2, Florence Gould, 3. Vera DeMoss, 4. Velva DeMoss, 5. Cassa Krabb, 6. Mary Senett, 7. Joseph Hunneshagen, 8. Harriet Elston, 9. Edith Luthboro (should be spelled Loofborough), 10. Joseph Luthboro [Loofborough], 11. Mable Hiatt, 12. Lucille Felty, 13, Esther Rans, 14. Herold Nutt, 15. Violet Nutt.
Jack Hogan identified the following: Ruth Troutman next to 4. Letta McMillian is next to 8. Front row: Ernie Gohl is first from right, Alex Barnett or Ted Gillespie is second from right. This is the same Kewanna Schoolhouse pictured on p. 52 in this issue [Images No. 3] from the 1904 booklet.
[FCHS Images No. 3, p. 75]

[photo] Kewanna School, Miss Dottie Reese - teacher. Room 4, Mar. 25, 1918. Identified pupils are Joe Hunneshagen, Violet Nutt (Smith), Carl Felder, Joe Loofborough, Nada Henning (Hiatt). (Photo: Roy Hogan)
[FCHS Images No. 3, p. 76]
[photo] Kewanna High School freshmen in fall of 1919, expecting to be the Class of 1923. Back row: Harold Nutt, Joe Hunneshagen, Florence Gould, Nada Hiatt, Marion Fahler, Curtis Finney, Helen Osborne, Violet Nutt, Walter Gibbs.
Row 2: Irene Johnson, Ernest Loofborough, Amy Harris, Marion Wharton, Herbert Montgomery, Orpha Heminger, Meda Pratt, Robert Burkey, George DeBois.
Row 3: Archie Harris, Nancy Carr, Thressa Hendricks, Vivian Scott, Wilda Walters, Vera McClain, Belle Talbot, Thelma Smith. (Photo donated to FCHS by Helen Osborne Keller in 1976)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 60]

[photo] Kewanna School 6th and 7th grades, 1925. They graduated in 1932.
Front row: Arnold Zellers, Ralph Kough, Willard "Dud" Zellers, Forbes Gordon, Glen Fry, Omer Troutman, Robert Greer, Lester Master.
Row 2: Margaret Hunnshagen Werner, Donna Burns, Ethel Rans Stipp, Irma Martin, Rowena Enyeart, Opal Geiselman, Jean Troutman, Irene Zook Winn, Ruth Burns, Ermal Freels, unknown.
Row 3: Wilmer Zellers, Loma Urbin Baker, Millicent Nafe, Esther Cannon, Mabel Woods Gifford, Lois Lambert Shidaker, Minnie Little, Helen Rans Worl, Katherine Starr Hubeny, Donna Gorden Williams, Charlotte Kumler.
Row 4: ---- Linder, Teacher - Plaudia Enyart, Elroy Foglesong, Floyd Overmyer, Burdell Bruce, John E. Cannon, Basil Freels, Paul Reedy, Carl Overmyer, Harold Woolington, Dale Hudkins, Alfred "Bus" Nixon. (Photo: Jack Hogan)
FCHS Images No. 3, p. 70]

[photo] The gang or "dirty dozen" of Kewanna High School, 1929. This senior class had put up a "Class of '29" flag on the school's flag pole and then greased the pole so the juniors could not get it down. Then a brawl ensued, so the principal, C. Y. Gilmer, threatened not to give them their diplomas. So they went for a picnic at Showley's Park at Lake Bruce to discuss the situation, and here they are. Front row: Ralph "Coon" Talbott, Herman Pattee, John Hargrave, Donald Conrad, Enith Troutman, and Frank Hargrave. Back row: Kathryn Graffis, Julian Lebo, Herb Denniston (only partly visible), Lucille Smith and Edith Miller. Yes, they got their diplomas. (Photo: Herman Pattee)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 122; also FCHS Images No. 3, p. 71]]

[photo] Kewanna School in 1937. (Kewanna Klipper belonging to Elsie Turner.)
[FCHS Quarterly No 40, p. 12]
[photo] Kewanna's 1937 basketball team that won the Fulton County Tourney. Row 1: Robert Troutman, Norman McColley, Ralph Bruce, Robert Brunk, John Urbin. Row 2: Russell Walters - coach, Arthur Anderson, Floyd Bruce, Harold Shonk, Robert Scott, Delbert Corsaut, Robert Kaley - student manager. (Photo from 1937 yearbook Kewanna Klipper belonging to Elsie Wharton Turner.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 40, p. 13]

SCHOOL DAYS AT PRAIRIE UNION, LUCERNE, KEWANNA,
SCOTLAND AND PRAIRIE GROVE
By Pearl Mutchler Hiland
KEWANNA SCHOOL
In September 1892, I entered the first grade at the red brick school in the center of a block in north Kewanna. There was a bell tower and bell over ths south entrance. A wide hall separated the two first-floor rooms and a wide stair leading off it to the second floor. The rooms were large and heated by a furnace in the basement. Slate blackboards covered the front wall and the back wall had several large windows. There was a front door from the hallway and another entrance to the cloak rooms. At the north end of the hall was a stairs to the basement and second floor. A furnace was at the foot of the stairs and the rest of the space was divided by a partition; the east side for boys and west side for girls. On the girls' side, there was a platform with stalls and toilet seats. (I do not know how the waste was disposed of - lime I think.) Below the platform was just the clay soil, but we sometimes played there.
I entered y first grade and Miss Etta Slick was my teacher as she was for a hundred or more boys and girls to follow me. She later married a teacher, a Mr. Teeter, and became the mother of Mildred (Mrs. Donald Miller) and Jessie (Mrs. Frank Felder).
My third and fourth grade teacher was Miss Orpha, then called "Broomback" but later corrected to "Brumbaugh". She had a sister Nevada, a brother Jesse and another sister - a Mrs. Mason. They were all excellent teachers. The family grew up southwest of Kewanna in the College Corner School district.
Mr. John Gorsline was my teacher in the fifth grade. I am grateful to him for knowing so many lovely poems. He would assign a poem from our Reader (that contained many of them) for me to memorize after I had finished the study of my lesson. Our readers were something special with excerpts from the classics. The passages were marked for rising and falling inflection, pauses, emphasis, etc. Each pupil was required to stand by his desk and read a paragraph aloud in turn, observing all the markings: a fine practice in reading aloud. At least part of every poem was memorized and recited in the same way. The fifth grade was on the second floor east side, but my sixth grade was moved to the lower story of the Masonic Hall on Logan Street down town.
Mr. William Gohl was the teacher of 5th and 6th there. As high school pupils had increased, the 7th and 8th grades took the former 5th and 6th rooms. I do not know what we did for toilets or playground down town, but it was unsatisfactory for the school board bought the old Methodist Church, a white wood frame building. It was on the south side of west Main what now is Mrs. Gertrude Hiland's place. Her house was built after the church was moved. It was moved to the back of the brick school. It was used for the 7th and 8th grades. I was in the 7th and Mr. John Gorsline was again my teacher, also the 8th.
Mr. James B Lemasters was Superintendent and made up the questions for graduation. The township 8th grades had tests sent from the state to county superintendents. Some of us who thought ourselves pretty smart told Mr. Lemasters we wanted to take the state exam. He said we could but must abide by it. He would not pass us if we failed that test. Not daunted five of us took both tests and passed. So in the fall of 1900 I moved back into the old brick school into what had been 7th and 8th grades, as a freshman.
In 1895, Mr. Lemasters began a high school class in the same room with 7th and 8th. I do not know how many started but in 1900 five boys graduated. They were Arthur Shaffer, Harry Wilson, Harry Heimburger, Jim McNeff and Clyde Lemasters.
By now all four high school classes occupied the west second story room. A recitation room had been provided in the attic, reached by a narrow stair. A chemistry lab was in a narrow room under the belfry.
There were no electives. Every pupil took the same subjects. Freshmen took first year Latin, algebra, American history, and rhetoric. Sophomores took Caesar, second year Algebra, English Literature, and history. Juniors took Cicero-third year Latin, geometry, American literature, and ancient history. Seniors took higher arithmetic, calculus (only a little of that) but a half term of zoology, and a full term of chemistry and English. In the senior year a Miss Leila Bitner came from University of West Virginia as English teacher. She introduced us to "Word Study". We learned to use a dictionary: the derivation, pronunciation, many meanings and shades of meaning.
Mr. Willet Deyo, Valparaiso graduate, was the next principal and taught math and science. Miss Carrie LaVaugh came from Macy and taught English and Latin. Her mother became ill so she left and Miss Bitner took her place. Miss Bitner was an aristocrat, tall with red hair and a lovely Virginian accent, dropping her r's and g's. I just loved her! I visited her once at her home in Kearneyville, W. Va. Kearney was her mother's maiden name. She was very "proper".
Mr. Deyo was a man of many talents. He taught mathematics, biology and chemistry and when in 1904 the addition was built north of the old building to house the high school, he saw that we had an outstanding laboratory for the size of the school.
Before Mr. Deyo came, Mr. Lemasters taught all high school classes and supervised as well. I don't remember that he had a secretary. He was an educator way ahead of his time. He believed in lots of memory work. I still take satisfaction in recalling the dates of great events or poems or selected scripture verses he had us learn. The latter was when he was Sunday School Superintendent of Kewanna Baptist Church. One I learned was "He that rules his own spirit is greater than he who taketh a city." I really took that to heart and said to myself, "You better learn to control your temper!" I remember when Ruth Lebo, probably 12 or 13 years old, memorized the entire Book of Ruth and stood before the congregation and recited it all! An amazing performance. I think he gave her a Bible - a prize of some kind, I know.
An outstanding activity was the literary societies he organized from the fifth grade through high school. Every pupil must belong to the Riley or Washington Society. Once a month on Friday afternoon one of the societies put on a program. There was a program committee who assigned each member a "duty". Sing a song, play the piano, tell some jokes, recite a poem, etc. Mr. Lemasters allowed a lot of freedom except twice a year everyone must give a talk from notes. No reading of papers. He wanted all to be able to think on their feet. Such a practice became common place, but this was 1900 and 1901.
We also practiced Parlimentary Law for our opening exercise each morning for 15 minutes. We elected officers who presided. We learned to make and second and amend motions, make objections, rise to points of order and methods of balloting.
The Kewanna school building sat in the middle of a block; playgrounds on the east were used by grade school pupils and high school boys on the west. Girls after high school age rarely played outside. Sometimes a few would do what was called "party games" - folk or barn dances really, singing "Old Dan Tucker", "Turkey in the Straw" "Skip to My Lou", etc. Some could dance the Schottische with a partner on the clay basement floor.
The boys played baseball and several became good enough to play professionally. The Blausser twins, Ray and Roy, were hired by Minor League teams in Iowa and Kentucky. Alan Sheer played for a while with the Washington, D. C., team.
There were no organized sports teams until 1907 when there was a track team. My brother, Howard Mutchler, had learned to do the high hurdles at Hammond High School the two years he attended there. He was so proficient Kewanna sent him and Dr. Ward's son Marion to Bloomington state track meet and he won second place in 1908. After so many heats and a stone bruise on his heel, he felt he had done quite well for Kewanna High School. The trip to Bloomington by train was quite an adventure for two naive high school boys.
In the fall of 1904, the addition to the school was completed. The second floor was occupied by a chemistry lab and all four high school classes. Of the freshmen in 1900 entered, Fay McPherson, Leroy Bennett, Lou McCoy, Bertha Baker, Ethel Hiland, Maud Cummings, Lucille Leiter, and Nellie Wilson had jobs or taken other training. The following graduated in 1905: Don Wagner, Vern Urbin, Vause Polen, Grace Wilson, Lela Street, Pearl McCoy, Metta Lisey, Francis Wilson, Pearl Mutchler, Roy Blausser, who entered as a junior, and Bertha Baldwin who entered as a senior.
In January 1905 my parents moved to Hammond, Ind. I wanted to graduate with the class I had been with for 12 years. So I did as many girls from the country did: stayed with a family in town and worked for my room and board. I stayed with the Prevos of Prevo & Baske Hardware store.
Prevo and Baske Hardware stood next to and east of Snepp's general store on the corner. East of the hardware was Mott's Saloon. It was my job to cook breakfast for the Prevo family each morning. One thing Mrs. Prevo taught me: how to make delicious baking powder biscuits. I also cleaned their house on Saturday.
Graduation festivities were very important. They began with the Baccalaureate sermon, always at the Methodist Church as it was the newest and largest. The speaker was a local pastor chosen by the class. All the boys had new suits and the girls two new dresses. The one for graduation was always white, usually floor length. (One girl's even had a "sweep" or a short train) All the baccalaureate dresses were the same color, and usually shoe-top length. Mine was brown silk taffeta. We wore the same dress to the Superintendent's reception. This was held in the Knights of Pythias or Odd Fellows hall over Prevo and Baske Hardware or Snepp's general store. (Harvey Snepp's grocery and dry goods stood on the corner of Logan and Main streets on the south side.)
Then came Commencement held in Toner Opera House above the furniture store in the east business block. (The entrance to the opera house was on street level, between two stores about the middle of the block. You went up a stairway and to the right to the ticket office, then through double doors to the opera house. This put you on the same level with the stage, also called the pit, and you had to climb aisles to the tiered rows of seats.)
It had a stage with dressing rooms and scenery that could be shifted. There were seats for 200 or so, most of them tiered. The graduates sat on the stage, lighted by kerosene foot lights and a hanging lamp over the center stage. A visiting speaker gave good advice, and cherished diplomas were handed out by the president of the School Board.
The Junior-Senior reception was not always held as some of the early classes were so small, but the alumni banquet was a must after 1905. It was a gala affair held in the Toner Hotel, famous for miles around. I've heard salesmen traveling by the Vandalia railroad would plan their itinerary so they could spend nights or even weekends there. It was a three-story structure of brick and sandstone. The first floor was kitchen storage, dining room, an office, and an open stairway to the second floor. There on the second floor was an elegant parlor with Brussells carpet and upholstered furniture and the bed rooms for rent, and more rooms on the third floor, I think! The dining room could accommodate 50 and when the management put on a banquet for the Alumni Association: it was a banquet - served in five courses. The girls did not wear long formals, but a fancy dress usually of pastel shade. In 1905 we wore our graduating dresses. After the dinner we went to the parlor for games and contests - no dancing as that was "taboo." The whole affair was paid for by the Alumni Association, as we all paid dues.
After graduation my interest in the Kewanna School was slight until our son Robert started first grade in 1919. Three of his teachers were a Miss Robinson from Delong, Mildred Teeter and Plaudia Enyeart. He was well grounded as when we moved to Lansing, Ill., in 1925 and all classes were tested to be placed in the A or B section, he was in the A's who finished the eighth year in one semester.
I cannot speak for Kewanna School for the years 1925 to the present, but my memories are all happy ones.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp 28-39]

DAVIS SCHOOL
By David Metzger
I only went part of one year to [Kewanna] high school. I went to work. I cut my own nose off to spite my face. What happened: The teachers were: Professor Arnold taught mathematics, Deo Horton taught English and zoology, and Miss Hoffman taught language. About two months before school was out, Dad and John Jackson got the contract for hauling tile on the Henry "Tike" Eisenman place where Boocher used to live. On the south line of this farm there was a tile ditch that went clear to Mill Creek. And Dad and Jackson got the contract to haul the tiles. There were two elevators, one on the north and one on the south side of Kewanna at that time. The tiles came in on railroad cars and they spotted them north of that elevator on the north side. Dad had two teams on and Jackson had one. Dad went up the back bank to the elevator one day and got a catch in his back. He couldn't lift a 4-inch tile, let alone those 15 to 18 inch ones. So he took me out of school to haul tile. I was out a month. Then Dad said he could handle it and I could go back to school. I said "Just long enough to get my books." He said, "Why?" I said, "Dad, I'm a month behind, and only one month of school left to catch up in. I can't do it and I'm not going through high school back of my class, as I am older than they are anyhow." I was about the age of the people in the class ahead of me, 'cause I didn't start 'till late.
So I went up to school to get my books. Prof. Arnold came over and said, "What are you going to do?" "I'm going to get my books." "Are you going to quit school?" "Yes." He said, "Why?" I explained I was a month behind, etc. He said, "Aw come on, I'll promote you." Well, I knew he would for algebra. But I never went back to school.
Out of the bunch that started to school that year, Russell Dunkelberger, Otto Rouch, Ernest Myers, Arthur Collins, Roy McCoy, Walter McCoy, Dean Cannon and me - the boys that were in my freshman class. The next year when school took up, Russell Dunkelberger, Arthur Collins, and Dean Cannon was all that was left. The rest of us never went back the second year. And then Adamses moved here and Otis Adams was in that class. When they went on through high school, there was Otis Adams, Dean Cannon, and Arthur Collins. Russell Dunkelberger was the Christian preacher's boy and they moved away from here.
So that was it. From that time on I never went back to school. My two brothers went to Purdue and graduated and got big jobs. But I draw more Social Security now than Grover does.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, pp 72-73]

IRELAND SCHOOL
By Robert and Helen Miller
When Ireland School closed in 1918, the children rode a horse-drawn hack driven by Fred Stubbs to Kewanna School. Stubbs soon got a motorized bus to drive (c. 1919). High school students had to furnish their own transportation, so Elias [Miller] drove a horse and buggy to school. He left his horse named Diamond at the livery stable a half block south of where the funeral home is now. John Kinnear worked at the stable and took care of the horses, rented buggies and horses, etc. It cost 10 cents a day to leave your horse there and you had to provide its feed for noon.
Teachers that Elias recalls at Kewanna School were Rev. and Mrs. Gilmer, A. C. Wright, Mr. Jester, Charles Hoover, Maude Conrad (taught music and home economics) and her sister Dottie Reese, Miss Murphy (taught Latin), June Willoughby (taught history), Vernie Bowen (taught manual training and math), Miss Belcher (taught English and Latin). Frank Working was the janitor 1904-24 and longer.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 76]

KEWANNA vs. TALMA IN 1937
Re-enacted at RBF
In 1937 two of the toughest basketball teams in Fulton County were Kewanna and Talma. But they did not face each other until Jan. 12 at the Whitmer Gym in Rochester in the Fulton County Tourney. Both teams entered the tourney with equal numbers of wins and losses (Talma 4 - 4, Kewanna 5 - 5). With this unusual state of affairs the tourney predictors were at a loss as to how to bet.
Kewanna was the favorite of the sports casters, however by the results of a hard-fought victory over Akron (Kewanna 40 - Akron 34) in the first game of the tourney, after they had led the Indians for the first three quarters. "The Indians have really been hitting a stride under their new coach, Russell Walters, formerly the coach at Leiters Ford," stated the Rochester News-Sentinel.
"Although Talma is of rather an uncertain quantity, their hard fighting in the game against Grass Creek (Talma 29 - Grass Creek 26) deserved considerable consideration. The fact that the Grass Creek squad defeated Fulton, who was one of the favorites for the tourney crown, and was then downed by the Talma quintet, will make anyone think twice before picking the winner of tonight's tilt."
The game proved to be just as thrilling as predicted. The Talma Hickories held Kewanna to few points, probably the best defense any county team showed the whole season. The first quarter ended with Kewanna on the lead end of a 5 to 2 count. Kewanna's baskets were made by Bruce, Brunk (from the bread line) and Corsaut, while Talma's high scorer, Grass, held down by Bruce, was allowed to get in only one field goal.
The second quarter brought forth two double counters for Kewanna from Bruce followed by Corsaut who annexed one point from the foul line. Talma was determined to have some hand in the scoring before the period ended, however, and Price hit for another one point from the bread-line. This was the last scoring for the quarter and left the Indians with a big plurality, 10 to 3.
Talma's defense tightened during the third quarter and it ended with Kewanna 12 to Talma 8, a considerable gain, thanks to Hickories' Peterson, Price, Grass, and substitute Onthank. Kewanna's two points came from foul line shots by Bruce and Troutman.k
The fourth quarter saw nothing but foul line baskets: Peterson making 3 for Talma and McColley making 1 for Kewanna. The Kewanna squad practically sat on the ball the remaining seconds of the game and wound up on the long end of a 13 to 11 count.
The trophy for winning the championship of the county was presented by County Superintendent S. Earl Rouch to Bruce, the captain of the Kewanna high school team The trophy consisted of two players jumping for the tip-off; these were finished in silver and were mounted on a stand with a plaque in front. "This is the first time in five years that the Akron Flyers have not won this tourney," concluded the Sentinel.
As a result of this fine game, Kewanna had two players on the All County Team: Robert Brunk and Ralph Bruce. Carl Grass was selected from the Talma team to be on the All County Team.
The 1937 Kewanna Indians included Robert Troutman, Norman McColley, Ralph Bruce, Robert Brunk, John Urbin, Arthur Anderson, Floyd Bruce, Harold Shonk, Robert Scott, and Delbert Corsaut. Student manager was Robert Kaley. The Kewanna Klipper yearbook says nothing about cheerleaders but it is believed they were Alice Weller and Della Mae Weller.
The Talma Tales of Time yearbook for 1937 lists the basketball team as follows: Carl Grass, Harold Myers, Donald Gross, Donald Safford, Earl Zimmerman, Maurice Peterson, James Good, John Price, Herman Mathews, Donald Onthank, Chares Rogers, Paul Boganwright, and Raymond Kalmbacher. The coach was Clarence Witham. Again no mention is made of cheerleaders.
"Although they were not successful in all their games Talma's clean playing and sportsmanship always put them at the top of the list. When the 'Old Hickories' went on the floor to play their game, each wished to play for the glory of the school and not for individual honors. We can certainly be proud for the way our boys worked together."
Most of the schools they played that year no longer exist: Star City, Monterey, Francesville, Leiters Ford, Pulaski, Twelve Mile, Grass Creek, Fulton, Akron, Tyner, Macy, Royal Center, Gilead.
The Futon County Tourney existed from 1926 to 1962, stopping because of the consolidation of Richland Center with Rochester. During most of those years it was played in the Whitmer Gym, but the last four years it was held in the Fulton (North Caston) gym. Akron was the county champ most often, winning 10 times. Kewanna won 7 times and so did Richland Center. Talma never did win the county tourney but the Hickories (later their team was called the Tigers) were first runner-up four times
In a historical replay the ages of the players have to be taken into consideration. The 1937 Kewanna and Talma teams had a free throw contest and the historical basketball game itself was played between members of four younger teams from these schools, the teams of 1957, 1959, 1960, and 1961, plus substitutes who played at the respective school no later than 1962.
Since Talma and Kewanna did not face each other in the county tourney again, regularly-secheduled games were represented. Feb. 20, 1957, Kewanna beat Talma 55 to 50 even though Talma rallied furiously in the fourth quarter to shorten a lead of 18 points to 5 points. Talma Tigers were Chuck Coplen, Monte Sriver, Steve Coplen, Ted Stavedahl, Ron Jones, Bob Jordan, Bob Deamer, and Jerry Duzan. Bill Schroer was the coach. Student managers were Everett Rice and Jack Horn. Cheerleaders were Karen Miller, Dave Busenburg, and Linda Lukens.
The 1957 Kewanna Indians were Jerry Brown, Walter Koebcke, Bill Ingram, Jerry Hilland, Larry Koebcke, Bill Harris, Joseph Ray Zellers, Eldon Grube, Harold Foust, Don Decker, and Joe Good. The coach was Maurice Tolbert. Student managers were Steve Rude and Bob Kumler. Cheerleaders were Sara Hunter, Pat Larkin, and Leona Geisler.
On Feb. 17, 1959, Talma surprised Kewanna by beating them 44 - 35. Members of the Talma A team were Jerry Finney, Scott Stinson, Mike Pfeiffer, Wally Pfeiffer, Jerry Eaton, Dale Gordon, Gene Scott, Jerry Busenburg, Don Jordan, and Ray Duzan. The coach was Berlin Rowe. Charles Ellison was the student manager. Cheerleaders were Jerilyn Craig, Janet Craig, and Karen Harvey.
Kewanna's 1959 team consisted of Dick McPherson, Barry Worl, Bill Worl, Paul Grube, Steve Ley, Dick Good, Larry Plummer, Terry Troutman, and Spencer Shull. Maurice Tolbert was the coach. Tom Livengood was student manager. Cheerleaders were Trudy Troutman, Sandy Miller, Linda Shidaker, and Mary Ruth Anderson.
Kewanna lost to Talma 45-42 Jan. 14, 1960, in a very close game because Talma made 14 points during the second quarter and the Indians were never able to rally enough to regain it.
Kewanna Indians included Bruce Mills, Jerry Hilland, Paul Grube, Terry Troutman, Steve Ley, Larry Plummer, Ron Miller, Kenny Troutman, and Marion Foust. The coach was still Maurice Tolbert. Student manager was Bill Walters. Cheerleaders were Vivian Montz, Trudy Shidaker, Trudy Troutman, and Lillian Montz.
Talma Tigers of 1960 consisted of Jerry Eaton, Wally Pfeiffer, Dale Gordon, Jerry Finney, Mike Pfeiffer, Ray Duzan, Gene Koch, Don Craig, Jim Barkman, and Barry Peterson. The coach was Larry Sparks, assisted by Bill Snyder. Student managers were Charles Ellison and Jim Johnson. Cheerleaders were Janet Finney, Janet Craig, and Verna Weiger.
In the final Fulton County Tourney in 1962, after 37 years of existing as a tourney, Talma beat Kewanna 66 - 63 in the first game of the tourney. Talma led the entire game. Talma team: Jim Barkman, Don Craig, Barry Peterson, Gene Koch, Gary Harvey, Ray Duzan, Ron Bryant, Roy Calvert, Terry Leininger, and Jack Mikesell. The coach was Dean Day. Bill Dawson was student manager. Cheerleaders were Janice Newton, Alice Stavedahl, and Janet Finney.
The 1962 Indians were Bruce Mills, Tom Mitchell, Carl Foglesong, Richard Graffis, Dick Carlson, Bob Burton, and Jim Bitterling. The coach was still Maurice Tolbert. Cheerleaders were Lillian Montz, Trudy Shidaker, Karen Cook, and Kathy Ley.
Talma school consolidated into Tippecanoe Valley and the Talma building was destroyed by the tornado Apr. 3, 1974. But Kewanna still continues as a school, the smallest high schol in the state of Indiana. Kewanna has successfully fought consolidation and apparently won the battle, having come out a victor against the Indiana Commission on General Education in a court case June 3, 1980, which determined that allowing transfers from Kewanna to other schools was illegal.
So here we had a contest between two old schools, the one no longer existing and its building blown away by tornado, and the other still standing solid as a rock against the winds of politics and controversy and modern pressures.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 40, pp 11-16]

KEWANNA BEAT TALMA - AGAIN!
About 125 people attended the Historical Basketball Game at the Family Y (Whitmer Gym) despite the heat from an unusually hot spell of weather.
No one showed up from the Kewanna 1937 team but two people came from the Talma 1937 team for the free-throw contest. Harold Myers made 4 baskets out of 10 throws. Maurice Peterson made 1 basket out of 10 throws. So Talma won the free-throw contest by default.
Kewanna was short on players and had to press into service two young men who were really ineligible to play because they played basketball beginning after 1962. But they weren't too much younger and Talma outnumberd them, so we had to get Kewanna players somehow. Besides, one of the Kewanna players was much older, a member of the 1931 team.
Talma players: Terry Leininger (played 1960-63), Don Craig (1960-63) Jerry Finney (1958-60), Steve Coplen (1956-57), Jim Barkman (1960-63), Gene Koch (1960-63), Gary Harvey (1960-63), and Bob Deamer (1956-58).
Kewanna players: Dick Carlson (played 1961-63), Steve Ley (1958-60), Larry Baldwin (1966-67), Mark Wilson (1964-67), Larry Murhling 1953-56), Francis Hendrickson (1955), and Don Metzger (1931-35).
Serving as Kewanna coach was Russell Walters, the 1937 coach. Bill Snyder served as Talma coach, had coached there in 1959-60. Bill Schroer, also Talma coach 1951-57, served as scorekeeper because he recognized most of the Talma players. Since we did not have enough numbered shirts for both teams, Kewanna wore numbers. Bill Dawson, Talma student manager in 1962, also attended.
Referees were Ellen Zimmerman and Sherry Long of the Family Y. The timer was Adam Hoover, a 5th grader at Columbia School. John Good of Foster & Good Ambulance Service brought a respirator in case of emergency.
Kewanna took the lead right away with Carlson getting 3 baskets and Ley 2, while on the Talma side Leiniger and Barkman each got one. The first quarter ended with Kewanna 10 and Talma 5.
The second quarter ended the same way, Kewanna having 12 and Talma 6. Baldwin had a basket for Kewanna while Leininger made a free-throw for Talma.
By this time Talma rallied and really poured on the coals. The playing got a little rough, several fellows were knocked on the floor, and Russell Walters, Kewanna coach, got real excited. Wilson got 2 free throws and a basket, and Hendcirkson got a basket, making Kewanna's third quarter score 18. Talma was only 2 points behind, the score having been raised by Leininger's free throw, Barkman's 2 baskets, Craig's free throw and basket, and Koch's basket. Thus the third quarter ended very close: Kewanna 18 to Talma 16. Excitement ran high!
The final quarter was a real fight to the finish and Talma was ahead for a minute or so. Coach Walters waved his arms and shouted to his team. There seemed to be more fans for Talma present and they were led in some dandy cheers by Janie (Newton) Teel and Vernie (Weiger) Fritter, both cheerleaders in 1962.
But Kewanna got ahead and won 28 to 25. Scores made in the final quarter were 3 baskets by Carlson, 1 basket by Ley, and 1 basket by Baldwin for Kewanna. For Talma, Barkman made 3 baskets, Craig made 1, and Koch made a free throw.
The final tabulation of points by individuals:
Kewanna: Ley 8, Wilson 8, Carlson 6, Hendrickson 2, Murhling and Metzger both 0.
Talma: Barkman 12, Leininger 5, Craig 5, Koch 3, Finney, Coplen, Harvey, and Deamer all 0.
This was supposed to be a historical replay of the 1937 game which ended with Kewanna 13 to Talma's 11. Russell Walters was asked if he remembered that game or if it was lost in the haze of the many many games he coached and witnessed. He replied yes, he did remember that game. "The score was 13 to 11 and Talma got three or four free throws the last few seconds of the game. We were really tense."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 40, pp 16-18]

Tike Eisenman drove a hack from the College Corners area to Kewanna School in the early 1920's. The hack was horse drawn and was converted into a bus from an old milk wagon. Later he hauled six or seven children in an open touring car to school. -- Dona Miller.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 47, p.81]
__________

School commenced two weeks ago, Mr. John Rohrer, Principal and Miss Mollie Kahler teacher in the Primary Department. . .
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, March 27, 1873]

The Kewanna Graded school will open under the supervision of Mr. Yarlot, of Logansport, on Monday September 8th, 1873. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 30, 1873]

The Kewanna Graded School opened last Monday morning, under the care of E. L. Yarlot, Principal, and Miss L. Taylor, of Rochester, assistant.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 13, 1873]

E. L. Yarlot and Miss Taylor have been selected for the winter term of the Kewanna Graded School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 15, 1873]

E. L. Yarlot and Miss L. Taylor, has charge of the Kewanna Graded School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1873]

The Kewanna Graded School will commence August 31, 1874, under the care of S. McKitrick of Ohio. . .--Eli. Leiter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 8, 1874]

The Kewanna school closed last Friday. At a school meeting two weeks ago to-night, Miss Taylor was unanimously chosen assistant teacher and Enoch Myers principal by a majority of eight.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 3, 1874]

The Kewanna school commences next Monday, with Prof. McKitrick principal, and Miss Taylor assistant teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 18, 1874]

The Kewanna Graded School will open on Monday, March 22 1875, under the care of Mr. Fields, of Jay County, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 20, 1875]

The Kewanna Graded School opened yesterday T. W. Fields, of Jordan, near Union City, Ind., Principal, and Miss L. Taylor, assistant. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 27, 1875]

Prof. T. W. Fields principal of the Kewanna graded schools, gave us a call last Saturday. He is a young man of preposessing appearance, who will doubtless prove an efficient teacher and superintendent.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, April 2, 1875]

The school in charge of Mr. T. W. Fields is growing in interest. The attendance is increasing, the discipline good and the order excellent. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, April 23, 1875]

Mr. J. A. Smith, of Jay County, has arrived, and will take charge of a class in instrumental music this week . . .
--- We notice that Prof. E. L. Yarlott, former Principal of the Graded School of this place is a candidate for Superintendent of the schools of Newton County, this State. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 15, 1875]

T. W. Fields, Principal of the Kewanna Graded School, will open a normal school at that place on the 20th of July. The term will be of six weeks' duration, and will afford an excellent opportunity for all who design making teaching a profession to improve upon their present methods. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 5, 1875]

To Teachers. I will commence a Normal School at the public school building in Kewanna, this county, commencing July 20th, and continue six weeks. . . I will be assisted by Superintendent E. Myers, Prof. Jesse A. Smith, Prof. W. H. Green, Superintendent Harry G. Wilson, of Cass county, H. B. Ford, of the Northern Indiana Teacher, and other able assistants. . . T. W. Fields, Principal, Kewanna, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 19, 1875]

Prof. T. W. Fields, principal of the Kewanna graded schools, has gone to Jordan, Indiana, to spend vacation. . .
--- Prof. T. W. Fields will open a Normal school at the Academy, Monday, July 20, 1875. Prof. W. H. Green and other noted teachers have been engaged to assist . . . Kewanna is a most desirable place for a Normal school, the Academy is large and airy, and the town is quiet and healthful . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, June 4, 1875]

Prof. T. W. Fields and Miss Emma Barnett, of the Kewanna public schools, were in Rochester last Friday.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 1, 1875]

The literary society, which meets every Wednesday evening in the school building, is creating quite an interest, and the room is crowded nightly. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 26, 1875]

John Henderson intends organizing and teaching a class in German. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 4, 1876]

E. Myers will take charge of the Kewanna school for two months this spring.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 29, 1876]
Rev. John H. Rhoarer, a former teacher of the Kewanna Graded School, visited this place this week. He has spent the past three years in the ministry in Minnesota.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 6, 1876]

We learn that Frank Wagner has been engaged to teach the Kewanna school. Mr. Wagner will undoubtedly give satisfaction, as he possesses the requisite qualities of a teacher -- "brains and muscle."
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 29, 1876]

Mr. Wagoner, the new school teacher, spent Saturday and Sunday in getting acquainted with the people of this place. His school will commence on the last Monday of this month. -Eli Leiter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 19, 1876]

Miss Libbie and Belle Williams returned from their home at Granville, Ohio, last Monday. Libbie will take charge of the second grade in the Rochester schools, and Miss Belle will teach in Kewanna.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, August 25, 1876]

School will commence Aug. 28th.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 26, 1876]

School opened on Monday with better prospects than was expected. The school is not large, yet there is a No. 1 class of scholars in attendance. The teachers, Mr. Wagoner and Miss Williams, are highly spoken of by all students. -Eli Leiter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 2, 1876]

Miss Belle Williams, a teacher in the Kewanna graded school, has been compelled to resign her position on account of the weakness of her eyes. She will return to her home in Ohio in a few days. Miss Luella Long, of this place has been engaged to take charge of the department vacated...
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, September 22, 1876]

Miss Williams was compelled to resign her position in the Kewanna school on account of sore eyes. Miss Long will fill her place as teacher in the primary department.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 23, 1876]

Miss Luella Long, one of the teachers of the Kewanna graded school, is at home during a two weeks' vacation.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 10, 1876]

Mr. Wagoner and Miss Long are the teachers chosen to teach in the Kewanna Graded School the coming winter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 18, 1876]

The Kewanna school and most of the schools in the township will commence next week . . . -Eli Leiter.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 25, 1876]
A new supply of school desks have been received in the lower room of the Kewanna school.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 9, 1876]

The Kewanna graded school commenced its winter term today, the 27th, under the supervision of Prof. Wagner, as principal and Miss L. Long, as assistant . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 31, 1876]

A new supply of school desks have been secured at the lower rooms of the Kewanna school building. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 15, 1876]

Miss Cora Brumback received the first prize at the last spelling match and E. L. Yarlot, of Knox, the second prize.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 10, 1877]

This school (Kewanna) has long compared well with the best in the county, and under the management of Mr. F. L. Wagner, assisted by Miss Luella Long, both teachers of much experience, it is doubtful if this school is surpassed by any of its class in this part of the State. . . -E. Myers, County Supt.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 10, 1877]

Mr. Frank Wagner, principal of the Kewanna graded school, enjoyed himself among his friends in this place this week. His school commences again next Monday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 31, 1877]

The fall term of the Kewanna graded school will commence Aug. 27th. F. L. Wayne, principal.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 25, 1877]

Union Township Institute, Kewanna, Dec. 29th, 1877. . .[names mentioned]: F. L. Wagner, Miss Laura Geiger, A. J. Harsh, Miss Olean Bainter, Miss Allie Weary, Wm. Gorsline, Henry D. Howell, D. Lough, Jr.
[Rochester, Sentinel, Saturday, January 5, 1878]

H. D. Howell and Lina Murphy are succeeding well in both departments of the Kewanna schools.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 4, 1878]

We understand that Mr. Haimbaugh of Rochester has been engaged to teach the Kewanna Graded School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 20, 1878]

Frank Haimbaugh will commence a ten weeks term of select school at Kewanna next Monday. After that time he will act as Principal of the regular term at the same place. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 24, 1878]

Mrs. Murphy has concluded not to teach in the Kewanna graded school the coming winter.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 23, 1878]

The winter term of the Kewanna Graded School commenced on the last Monday of November. Mr. Haimbaugh is assisted by Mrs. Irenie Heimburger, in the primary department.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 6, 1878]

School has commenced with an increase of scholars. Mrs. Irene Heimburger is teaching in the primary department.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 7, 1878]

The first term of singing school conducted by Prof. Smith closed Wednesday evening. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 15, 1879]

F. L. Wagner and a Miss Hoch, of Winamac, have been selected as teachers for the fall term.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 26, 1879]

F. L. Wagner and Miss Hoch commenced the fall term of school at this place Monday last.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 6, 1879]
__________

After teaching at Bruce Lake Station, I taught second grade at Fulton 1928-30 and at Kewanna 1930-33.
[Ruth Lebo (Hunter), FCHS Quarterly No. 44, p. 59]

1896--97: J. B. LeMasters, Princ.
1897-98: J. B. Lemasters, Supt.; John C. Gorseline, H.S.P., Asst Teacher.
1898-99: J. B. Lemasters, Supt.; M. W. Nethercutt, Princ.
1901-02: J. B. Lemasters, Supt.; J. W. Dayo, H.S.P.
1902-03: J. B. Lemasters, Supt.; J. W. Dayo, H.S.P.
1903-04: J. B. Lemasters, Supt.; J. W. Dayo, H.S.P.
1915-16: E. L. Fisher; Clyde L. French, Prin.; Thersa Wehr, Latin, Eng., & Com. Sc., 4.
1917-18: Clyde L. French, Prin.; Christian Belcher, Latin, Hist.; Newell C. Day, Eng. Comm. Arith.; Mrs. Maude Conrad, Supervisor, Music, Dom. Sc..
1918-19: C. H. Wright, Princ., Math., Physics, Man. Train.; Christina Belcher, Latin, Eng.; Dottie Reese, Eng. Hist., Botany; Maude Conrad, Supervisor, Music, Dom. Sc.;
1929-30: (comb. 8-4) Exp. Com. 9-12. Enrol. (1-8) 289, (9-12) 110. 8 mos. Prin. Clarence Y. Gilmer, Latin, Eng.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Physics; L. C. Blickenstaff, Social Sch., Eng.; Foster A. Logan, Heal., Coach; Maude Conrad, Music, H.E.; Ralph Murray, Manual Tr., 8; Van Tuyle Gillespie, 7; Richard J. Adams, 6; Gertrude McLochlin, 5; Dola Ingram, 4; Geneva Fites, 3; Lorene Starr, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1930-31: (Comb. 8-4) Cont. Com. 1-12. (1-8) 289, (9-12) 111. Prin. Clarence Y. Gilmer, Lat., Eng.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Physics; L. C. Blickenstaff, Soc. Sc., Man. Tr.; Foster A. Logan, Health, Coach; Maude Conrad, Music, H.E.; Ralph Winger, Man. Tr., 8; Van Tuyle Gillespie, 7; Clancy Murphy, 6; Gertrude McLochlin, 5; Dola Ingram, 4; Dorothy Smiley, 3; Lorene Starr, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1931-32: (8-4) Cont. Com. 1-12. (1-8) 281, (9-12) 126. Prin. Clarence Y. Gilmer Lat., Eng.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Physics; Alvin Shum, Man. Tr., Health, Coach; Ray Handley, Eng., Soc. Sc., Sc.; Maude Conrad, Music, Dom. Sc.; Ralph Winger, 8; Van Tuyle Gillespie 7; Florence B. Long 6; Gertrude McLochlin, 5; Dola Ingram, 4; Edith Miller, 3; Ruth Lebo 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1932-33: (8-4), Cont. Com. 1-12, (1-8) 272, (9-12) 132. Prin. C. Y. Gilmer, Lat., Eng.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Sci.; Alvin Shumm, Ind. A., H., Coach; Dale Reed, Soc. St.; Alice Kopp, Eng., H.E., Sci.; Maud Conrad, Mu., H.E. Grades 6-8: Ralph Winger; Fan Tuyle Gillespie; Ralph Johnston; Gertrude M. Holland, 5; Florence Long, 4; Lorena Starr, 3; Ruth Lebo,2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1933-34: (8-4), Cont. Com. 1-12. (1-8) 282, (9-12) 138. Prin. Clarence Y. Gilmer, Lat., Eng.; Maude Conrad, Mu., H.E.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Sci., Soc. St.; Alice Kopp, H.E. Eng., Scil; Dale Reed, Soc. St., Engl; Alvin Shumm, Ind. A., H., Soc. St; Ralph Winger, 6-8, Dept.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8, Dept.; Carol Biddinger, 5; Ethel Rans, 4; Lorena Starr, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1934-35: (8-4). Cont. Com. 1-12. (1-8) 287, (9-12) 127. Prin. Clarence Y. Gilmer, Lat., Eng.; Maude Conrad, Mu., H.E.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Sci., Soc. St.; Alice Kopp, H.E., Eng., Sci.; Dale Reed, Soc. St., Sci.; Alvin Shumm, Ind. A., H., Soc. St.; Ralph Winger, 6-8, Dept. Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8, Dept.; Ralph Johnston, 6-8, Dept.; Truman Ward, 5; Ethel Rans, 4; Lorena Starr, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery. 1.
1935-36: (8-4) Cont. Com. 1-12 (1-8) 255, (9-12) 122. Prin. David C. Allen, Eng., Soc. St.; Maude Conrad, Mu., H.E.; Everett E. Jester, Math., Sci., Soc. St.; Alma Miller, Eng., H.E., Phy. Ed.; Homer Cassidy, lMu., Eng., Lat.; James W. Chastain, Ind. A., Phy. Ed., Sci.; Harriett Elston, Com.; Ralph Winger, 6-8, Dept.; Fan Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8, Dept.; Ralph Johnston, 6-8, Dept.; Delores Kingery, 5; Ethel Rans, 4; Odessa Greer, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1936-37: (8-4), Cont. Com. 1-12. (1-8) 245, (9-12) 129. Prin. David C. Allen, Soc. St.; Homer A. Cassidy, Eng., Lat., Mul; Harriett M. Elston, Com.; Esther Franklin, H.E., Phy. Ed.; Everett E. Jester, Sci., Math.; Russell D. Walters, Ind. A., Sci., Phy. Ed.; Ralph Johnston, 6-8, Dept.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8, Dept.; Dolores Kingery, 5; Dorothy Rainsberger, 4; Odessa Greer, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1937-38: (8-4) Cont. Com. 1-12 (1-8) 232, (9-12) 126. Prin. W. Don Collom; Harriet Elston, Com.; Ruth Bolton, Eng., H. Ec., Phys. Ed.; Earl H. Grimm, Soc. St., Ind. A., Phys. Ed., H.; E. E. Jester, Math., Soc. St., Sci.; Helen Schmidt, Eng., Lat., Sci.; Leslie Gilkey, Mu., Orch., B.; Ralph V. Johnston, 6-8; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8; Dolores Kingery, 5; Dorothy L. Rainsberger, 4; Odessa Greer, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1938-39: (8-4) Com. 1-12 (1-8) 212, (9-12) 129. Prin W. Don Collom, Soc. St.; Harriet Elston, Com., Eng; Earl H. Grimm, Ind. A., Phys. Ed., Soc. St., H.; Everett Jester, Math., Sci., Soc. St.; Marcia Lorene McKinsey, Voc. H. Ec., Sci., Phys. Ed.; Helen Schmidt, Eng., Lat.; Russell A. Julian, Mu. B., Orch.; Ralph V. Johnston, 6-8; Van Guyl Gillespie, 6-8; Dolores Kingery, 5; Dorothy L. Rainsberger, 4; Odessa Greer, 3; Edith Miller, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1939-40: (8-4) Com. 1-12. (1-8) 194, (9-12) 105. Prin. W. Don Collom, Soc. St.; Henrietta Adams, Mu., Orch., B., Art; Thomas E. Berry, Sci., Ind. A.; Helen Dawson, Eng., Voc. H. Ec.; Harriet M. Elston, Com., Soc. St.; Lucille McIntire, Lat., Eng., Phys. Ed.; Jack C. spenser, Math., Soc. St., Phys. Ed., H.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8; Ralph V. Johnston, 6-8; Dolores Irene Kingery, 5; Dorothy L. Rainsberger, 3-4; Edith Miller, 2-3; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1940-41: (8-4). Com. 1-12. (1-8) 191, (9-12) 107. Prin. W. Russell Wells, Soc. St., Sci.; Perry O. Black, Voc. Ag., Harriet M. Elston, Com.; Mary A. Hollingsworth, Eng., Mu., Orch., B.; Lucille McIntire, Eng., Lat., Phys. Ed.; Louise C. Neumeister, Voc. H. Ec., Sci., Eng.; Jack C. Spenser, Math., Soc. St., Phys. Ed.; Van Tuyle Gillespie, 6-8; Ralph V. Johnston, 6-8; Esther J. Peters, 4-5; Mildred Stukey, 3-4; Wynona Mahew, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1941-42: (8-4) Com. 1-12. (1-8) 186, (9-12) 95. Prin. Wayland D. Richardson, Math., Sci., Ind. A; Thurl Metzger, Soc. St. Sci., H.S., Phys. Ed.; Louise C. Newmeister, H. Ec., Eng.; Irene H. Smith, Com., Phys. Ed.; Jesse R. Whitcomb, Eng., Math.; Mildred M. McBride, Mu., B., Orch.; Arthur K. Wissman, Ag.; Van Tuyle Gillespie, 6-8; Ralph V. Johnston, 6-8; Esther J. Peters, 4-5; Mildred Stukey,3; Wynona Mayhew, l2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1942-43: (8-4). Cont Com. 1-12. (1-8) 185, (9-12) 76. Prin. Wayland D. Richardson, Ind. A., Sci., Math.; Lorena M. Kuhn, Com., P.E., Lib.; Ruth Metzger, Mu., Art.; Thurl Metzger, Soc. St., Sci., P.E.; Louise Pinkerton, Math., Eng.; Edith Wildermuth, Voc. H. Ec., Eng.; Arthur K. Wissman, Voc. Ag.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6-8; Esther Peters, 6-8; Mildred Stukey, 4-5; Mabel Wills, 3-4; Wynona Mayhew, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1944-45: (6-6). Cont. Com. 1-2. (1-6) 157, (7=8) 42, (9-12) 71. Prin. Willis L. Bowen, Math., Sci.; Chas L. Byfield, Mu.; Harry J. Darnell, Com.; Mary C. Darnell, Eng., Math., Lib.; Joseph Dux, Lat., Soc. St., Eng., Sci.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, Math., Soc. St., Ag.; Mary M. Van Camp, Voc. H. Ec., P.E. Sci.; William Webb, Ind. A., P.E., H.S.; Ruth M. Olson, 6; Mabel Wills, 5; Opal Hamblin, 4; Dola G. Ingram, 3; Mary D. Bowen, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1946-47: (6-6) Cont. Com, 1-12. (1-6) 177, (7-8) 46, (9-12) 87. Prin Willis L. Bowen, Math., Sci.; Charles L. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma Byvield, Mu.; Harry Darnell, Com; Mary C. Darnell, Eng., Math., Lib.; Joseph Dux, Eng.; Soc. St., Lat.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, Math., Soc. St, Ag.; Eli Partridge, Voc. Ag.; Edward Secor, Sci., P.E., H.S.; Laura Shanks, H. Ec., P.E.; Dola G. Ingram, 6; Mabel Wills, 5; Ruth Elston, 4; Lorena Sheridan, 3; Mary D. Bowen, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1948-49: Cont. Com. 1-12, 310. Prin. Virgil Gwin, Sci., H.S., Charles L. Byfield, Mu. B., Wilma H. Byfield, Mu.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Sci; Joseph Dux Soc. St., Lat., Eng., Lib; Delight Evers, Voc. H. Ec., P.E.; Fan Tuyl Gillespie, Sci., Ind. A.; Colburn S. Hardin, Eng., Soc. St., Sci.; John H. Longfellow, Math., P.E.; Lura Taylor, 6; Mabel Wills, 5; Helen Shadle, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Dola G. Ingram, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1949-50: Cont. Com. 1-12 (1-6) 159, (7-8) 58, (9-12) 90. Prin. Keith DuBois, Math.; Charles L. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Sci.; Joseph Dux, Lat., Eng., Sci., Lib.; Onda Good H. Ed., Math.; Colburn S. Hardin, Eng., Soc. St.; Harold Leslie Peck, Soc. St., H., P.E.; J. Louis Welsh Voc. Ag., Vet. Ag.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Gene Sponseller, 5; Helen Shadle, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Dola G. Ingram, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1950-51: Cont. Com. 1-12. Enrol. (1-6) 155, (7-8) 53, (9-12) 91. Prin. Keith DuBois, Math.; Charles L. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Sci.; Joseph Dux, Lat., Eng., Sci.; Onda Good, H. Ec., Math.; Colburn S. Hardin, Eng. Sci.; Harld Leslie Peck, Soc. St. P.E.; J. Louis Welsh, Voc. Ag.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Donald Clark, 5; Helen Shadle, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Dola G. Ingram, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1951-52: Cont. 1-12. Enrol (1-6) 162, (7-8) 57, (9-12) 96. Prin. Carl D. Harman, Math.; Ina Catherine Byers, Voc. H. Ec., Sci., P.E.; Charles L. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu., Art; Harry J. Darnell, Com.; Joseph Dux, Soc. St., Lat., Eng.; Colburn S. Hardin, Eng.; Harold L. Peck. Soc. St., H.S., P. E.; J. Louis Welsh Voc. Ag.; Donald Clark, 4, Com., Math.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Esther J. Foglesong, 5; Helen Shadle, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Dola G. Ingram, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1953-54: Cont. 1-12. Enrol. (1-6) 169, (7-8) 69, (9-12) 101. Prin. Carl D. Harman, Math.; Charles L. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu., Art; L. Delmar Crabill, Math., Sci.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Soc. St.; Joseph Dux, Eng., Lat., Soc. St.; Ray D. Engberson, Voc. Ag., Sci.; Colburn S. Hardin, Eng.; Janece Herold, Voc. H. Ec.; Louise Howell, Soc. St., P.E.; Harold L. Peck, Soc. St., H.S., P.E.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Esther J. Foglesong, 5; Helen Shadle, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Dola G. Ingram, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1955-56: Cont. Com. 1-12. Enrol. (16) 167, (7-8) 50, (9-12) 94. Prin. Carl D. Harman, Math.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Soc. St.; James H. Dekker, Eng., Soc. St; Janece Herrold, H. Ec., P.E., H.S.; Manford Kistler, Math., Sci., P.E., H.S.; Eli Partridge, Voc. Ag., Sci.; Caroline G. Smith, Eng., Lang., Lib.; Maurice Tolbert, Soc. St., P.E.; Charles F. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu., Art; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Dola G. Ingram 5; Esther J. Foglesong, 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Gladys E. Cords, 2; Delilah Kingery, 1.
1956-57: Prin. Russell Walters.
1957-58: Cont. Com 1-12. Enrol (1-6) 197, (7-8) 62, (9-12) 94. Prin. Russell D. Walters, Soc. St., H.S.; Charles Robert Cox, Math., Biol.; Harry J. Darnell, Com., Soc. St.; Jaes H. Dekker, Eng., Soc. St., Lib.; Patricia Kistler, Eng.; Eli Partridge, Voc. Ag., Chem., Phys.; Maurice Tolbert, Soc. St., P.E., H.S., Dr. Ed.; Wilma Rose Woolever, Voc. H. Ec., P.E; Charles F. Byfield, Mu., B.; Wilma H. Byfield, Mu., Art; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Dola G. Ingram 5; Esther J. Foglesong 4; Lorena S. Sheridan, 3; Phyllis Davidson, 2; Naomi Whitcomb, 1.
1959-60: Cont. 1-12. Enrol. (1-6) 179, (7-8) 52, (9-12) 101. Prin. Leo W. Marshall, Com., Soc. St.; Keith Mathias, Eng., Soc. St., Lib.; Eli Partridge, Biol., Voc. Ag., Chem.; Ed Pinder, Math., Phys., P.E.; Harriet Stoudt, Eng.; Maurice Tolbert, Soc. St., P.E., Dr. Ed., H.S., Coach; Wilma Woolever, Voc. H. Ec., P.E.; Wilma Byfield, Mu., Art; Charles F. Byfield, Mu., B.; Van Tuyl Gillespie, 6; Esther Foglesong, 5; Mildred Diveley, 4; Lorena Sheridan, 3; Margaret Fair,2; Naomi Whitcomb, 1.
1961-62: Cont. 1-2. Enrol (1-6) 154, (7-8) 59, (9-12) 107. Prin. Cleon Ginn., Math.; Patricia Zellers, Secy.; Harry Darnell, Comm., Soc. St.; Keith Mathias, Comm., Soc. St.; Eli Partridge, Biol., Voc. Ag., Chem.; Ed Pinder, Math., Phys., P.E., Coach, H.S.; Shirley Holmes, Eng., Span., Lib.; Maurice Tolbert, Soc. St., P.E., Dr. Tr.; Mary Moyer, Voc. H. Ec., P.E.; Wilma Byfield, Mu. Art; Charles F. Byfield, Mu., Band; Bonnie Walters, 6; Esther Foglesong, 5; Mildred Diveley, 4; Lorena Sheridan, 3; Grace Pontious, 2; Naomi Whitcomb, 1.
1963-64: Cont. 1-12. Enrol. (1-6) 165, (7-8) 54, (9-12) 110. Special Teachers: Marcella Boswell, Speech, Hear. Therapist; Helen Marsh, Art 1-12. Prin, Cleon Ginn, Math., Comm.; Patricia Zellers, Secy.; Millard Sink, Asst. Prin., Ind. A.; Charles Byfield, Band, Mu.; Dean Day, Coach, P.E., Soc. St., Dr. Tr.; Bernard Fites, Sci., P.E.; Shirley Holmes, Soc. St., Span., Eng.; Mary Liming, Comm.; Mary Moyer, Voc. H. Ec., H., P.E.; Edward Pinder, Math., Sci.; Rachel Sawyer, Eng.; Bonnie Walters, 6; Mabel Wills, 5; Mildred Diveley, 4; Lorena Sheridan, 3; Grace Pontious, 2; Naomi Whitcomb, 1; Mary Jane Van Duyne, Kdg.
1965-66: Cont. 1-12. Enrol (1-6) 169, (7-8) 58, (9-12) 113. Prin. Millard P. Sink, Ind. A.; Patricia Zellers, Secy.; Robert Bell, Eng., Soc. St.; Charles Byfield, Band, Mu.; Loren Carswell, Sci.; Edith Cullison, Voc. H. Ed.; Wilma Hasman, P.E. Sci.; Edward Pinder, Math., Sci.; Rachael Sawyer, Comm., Lib.; Franklin Snoke, Math., Guid.; Thomas Speaker, Coach, Dr. Ed., P.E., Soc. St.; Shirley Willard, Eng., Span.; Don Ehrlich, 6; Mabel Wills, 5; Mildred Diveley, 4; Lorena Sheridan, 3; Edna Gottschalk, 2; Naomi Whitcomb, 1; Donna Kuehl, Kdg.
[F.C.H.S. files]

Teachers: Russell Walters, 1936-37, and principal 1955-59; John Carlisle, art, 1976-80; John Hurst, principal and superintendent, 1968-70; Mary Jane Hood Van Duyne, kindergarten 1962-64

KEWANNA HIGH SCHOOL ALUMNI
Kewanna High School Alumni Association
1900
Harry Heimburger, 21888 Vaughn Rd., Veneta OR 97487
Clyde LeMaster, 442 W. Broadway, Greenwood IN 46142 Deceased
James McNeff Deceased
Arthur Shaffer Deceased
Harry Wilson Deceased
1901
Mrs. Mildred Stage Bruce, 11226 Jackson Ave., Kansas City MO 64137 [moved]
Hugh Cook Deceased
Arthur Goldtrap Deceased
Belle (Wilson) Kumler Deceased
Mollie Leiter Deceased
Milo Slick Deceased
1902
Nettie (Cook) Gilbert Deceased
Clyde Elston Deceased
Claudia Enyart Deceased
David Hudkins Deceased
Floyd Leasure Deceased
Minnie McManus Deceased
Abbie Patty Deceased
Edna (Talbott Sayers Deceased
1903
Roy Cannon Deceased
Rev. Earl Heimburger Deceased
Albert Stamm Deceased
Arthur Troutman Deceased
John Lisey Deceased
Harlan McKinsey Deceased
Milton Hiland Deceased
Dottie (Carter) Lamar Deceased
Walter Wilson Deceased
Charles Blessing Deceased
Clarence Hunneshagen Deceased
Guy Harris Deceased
Savilla Cook Deceased
Lulu (Lisey) Wharton Deceased
Mabel (Ward) Hudkins Deceased
1904
Amy (Wiley) Wilson Deceased
Homer Collins Deceased
Fred Fogelsong Deceased
Elmer Cook Deceased
Carrie (Cannon) Cook Deceased
Hennie (Wilson) Henderson Deceased
1905
Vause Polen Deceased
Lelia (Street) Carpenter Deceased
Vern Urbin Deceased
Dan Wagner Deceased
Metta (Lisey) Cicherman Deceased
Pearl (Adams) Ford Deceased
Grace Wisely Deceased
Frances (Wilson) Nixon Deceased
Roy Blausser Deceased
Pearl (McCoy) Pownell Deceased
Bertha Baldwin Deceased
Pearl (Mutchler) Hiland Deceased
1906
Verl Calvin Deceased
Fred Bybee Deceased
Ersa Enyart Deceased
Alice (Hogan) Condren Deceased
Mabel (Singer) Henderson Deceased

1907
William Barger Deceased
Hugh Sparks Deceased
Gail (Ewell) Bowser Deceased
Arlie (Clifford) Russell Deceased
Grover Metzger, 208 N 4th St., Monticeolo IN 47960 [moved]
Bessie (Stubbs) McVay Deceased
1908
Reed Garman, 714 W. Pine Ave., Fresno CA 93728
Guy Heimburger [no address]
Mabel (Cook) Costello Deceased
Wilbur Willoughby Deceased
Grace (Baldwin) Smith Deceased
Vida (Collins) Mutchler Deceased
Elnora (Harding) Calvin Deceased
Olive Kelso Deceased
Allen Schier Deceased
Howard Mutchler Deceased
Lena (Heimburger) Workings Deceased
Harry Garman Deceased
Guy Troutman Deceased
Laila (Elston) Sipe Deceased
Lily (Kurtz) Gillespie Deceased
Howard Gillespie Deceased
Octavia (Calvin) Heminger Deceased
Hazel (Bair) Gray Deceased
1909
Nancy Miller [no address]
Nelson Hudkins, 1122 Strong Ave., Elkhart IN 46514 [moved]
Grace (Jones) Cook [no address]
Jay Bruce [no address]
Roy Hoff Deceased
John Evans Deceased
Ruth Vincent Deceased
Kay Kile Deceased
Paul Guise Deceased
Ethel Hickle Deceased
Hal Bruce Deceased
Gladys Wharton Deceased
Marian Ward Deceased
Clyde Collins Deceased
Lela (McCoy) Hizer Deceased
Vida (Slick) McKinsey Deceased
Max Armstrong Deceased
Elmer Spangler Deceased
Forrest Bennett Deceased
Lloyd Collins Deceased
1910
Dola (Garman) Ingram, Rt 2 Box 115, Anadarko OK 73005
Lee Ivey Deceased
William Reeder Deceased
Russell Mills Deceased
Don Foglesong Deceased
Kathryn (Hickle) McKinsey Deceased
Edith (Wentzel) Richardson Deceased
Anna (Wilson) Martin Deceased
Glenna (Bruce) Hubert Deceased
Dean Neff Deceased
Homer Vincent Deceased
Mildred (Sparks) Tomlinson Deceased

1911

Dean Cannon [no address]
Arthur Collins [no address]
Grace Baughman [no address]
Esther Snepp Deceased
Florence (Arnold) Renimar Deceased
Ersa (Swayzee) Miles Deceased
Otis Adams Deceased
Edna (Bair) Barnett Deceased
Emma (Slick) Carter Deceased
Maude Spangler Deceased
Nellie (McCoy) Gordon Deceased
Agnes Wilson Deceased
1912
Laura (Foglesong) Hayes, 1522 Mass. Ave., St. Cloud FL 32769
June (Willoughby) Dennerline, 7030 Evergreen Woods Tr Apt B103, Spring Hill FL 33526
Mary (Brown) Hayden [no address]
Ruth Haag Deceased
Reba (McMillen) DuBois Deceased
Huber Miller Deceased
Grace Finley Deceased
Jessie Mae (Smith) Myers Deceased
Carrie Van Kirk Deceased
Charles Schirm Deceased
Grace Gordon Collins Deceased
Anna (Metzger) Allen Deceased
Carrow Garman Deceased
Evaline Ballard Deceased
Phon Marding Deceased
1913
Dr. Ermal Baker, 11050 Presbyterian Dr., Indianapolis IN 46238
A. W. Toner [no address]
Gladys (Brunk) Richards Deceased
Don Gorseline Deceased
Marie (Gifford) Nichols Deceased
Grace (Rouch) Mitchell Deceased
Lester Bruce Deceased
Hazel (Bybee) Dollar Deceased
Mary (Baughman) Brown Deceased
Olvyn Troutman Deceased
Rayne (Miller) Snyder Deceased
Onita (McKee) Gillsepie Deceasec
1914
Earl Daniels, 11227 109th Ave., Sun City AZ 85351
Fern Master, Kewanna IN 46939
Maynard Polley, 610 N. Fairview Dr., Dowagiac MI 49047
Ruby (Troutman) Felder, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ruth (Daniel) Pickens Deceased
Arthur Felder Deceased
Van Tuyl Gillespie Deceased
Eldon Walters Deceased
Beatrice (Black) Felder Deceased
Clifford Felder Deceased
1915
Dan Kopp Jr. Deceased
Lyle Barnes Deceased
1916
Chloe (Ewing) Johnson, 1125 Wabash Ave, Rochester IN 46975
Cotner Williams Deceased
Julia (Metzger) Zellers Deceased
Alta (Starr) Miller Deceased
Jesse Van Cleave Deceased
1917
Daisy (Gifford) Sholty [no address]
Mabel (Myers) Rutherford [no address]
Lloyd Anderson Deceased
Hortense (Finney) Denton Deceased
William Metzger Deceased
Dessie (Sibert) Hamilton Orr Deceased
Howard Jackson Deceased
Ralph Hamilton Deceased
Edwin Barger Deceased
Ruth Spangler Deceased
Loyd Moore Deceased
1918
Ernest Clark, 721 Pontiac St., Rochester IN 46975
Madge House [no address]
Helen (Washburn) Jackson, Apt. 308, 501 S. Scott, So Bend IN 46625
Mary Bowlin [no address]
John Brennan, 1820 N. Adams, So Bend IN 46628
DeForest Showley, 520 Va. Lee Dr., Cotter AK 72626
Dorothy (Troutman) Lloyd Deceased
Helen (Gould) Gross Deceased
Odellis (Mahler) Snyder Deceased
Jane (Hudkins) Austin Deceased
Enid Barnett Deceased
Mable Maughmer Deceased
Ernest Kopp Deceased
Charles Stamm Deceased
Melba (Louden) Hendricks Deceased
Jessie (Fairchild) Grouse Deceased
Thelma (Jackson) Miller Deceased
Ernest Gohl Deceased

1919
Harry Johnston, RR 1 Box 72, Rochester IN 46975
Helena (Kopp) White, Box 33, Kewanna IN 46939
Bertha (Metzger) Urbin, 507 Illinois St., Walkerton IN 46574
Jessie (Teeter) Felder [no address]
Manie Graft [no address]
Vera (De Moss) Kannan [no address]
Ruby (Metzger) Smith, Box 32, Kewanna IN 46939
Marie Johnston Deceased
Arabelle (Murphy) Moore Deceased
Harold Leasure Deceased
Frank Felder Deceased
Byron Hudkins Deceased
Albert Shoemaker Deceased
Cecil Collins Deceased
Margery (Garman) Grimstead Deceased
Paul Hiatt Deceased
Mildred (Teeter) Miller Deceased
Donald Miller Deceased
Grant Felder Deceased
John Snyder Deceased
Trella Garman Deceased
1920
Ralph Johnston, 5027 W Echo Lane, Glendale AZ 85302
Alice (Lamborn) Sailors, 1815 Chateau Dr. East, Clearwater FL 33516
Madge (Holmes) Gorrell [no address]
Esther (Troutman) Raempagel [no address]
Waldron Hudkins Deceased
Fred Kopp Deceased
Leota (Matthews) Bibler Deceased
Harold Washburn Deceased
1921
Edward Crabill, 3933 Parkmount Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Helen (Pensinger) Schwind, 1121 Milton St., So Bend IN 46613
Herbert Washburn, RR 1 Box 112A, Culver IN 46511
Francis Lord [no address]
Edith Haag [no address]
Ray Crabb, Kewanna IN 46939
Florence (Steinke) Brown Deceased
Lora Hoover Deceased
Lewis Starr Deceased
Louise (Garman) Doyle Deceased
Grace Haag Deceased
Ray McVay Deceased
Mary Barger Deceased
Ruth (Graham) Bardsley Deceased
Gertrude (McLochlin) Holland Deceased

1922
Agnes McClain [no address]
Russell Bouthe [no address]
Carl Felder [no address]
Louis Berbitsky [no address]
Velva (DeMoss) Shortz, 215 Huber Village Blvd #C-224, Westerville OH 43081-3339
Beulah (Leap) Adams, Kewanna IN 46939
Ruth (Metzger) Hughes, 913 E Altgeld, So Bend IN 46614
Grace (McClain) Rogers, 1822 Milburn Blvd., Mishawaka IN 46544
Walter Enquest, 3232 N. Normandy, Chicago IL 60634
Dale Showley, 1953 Mississippi Ave., Englewood FL 33533
Joseph Loofborough [no address]
Mary (Gelger) Brinley, 2810 McArthur St., So Bend IN 46615
Dean Barnette [no address]
Ersa (Crabb) Sommers, RR 2 Box 50, Kewanna In 46939
Vera Bainter, 310 Claydon Way, Sacramento CA 95825
Ralph McLochlin Deceased
Ralph Bainter Deceased
Opal (Lamborn) DeWharton Deceased
1923
Harold Nutt, 1610 Pulaski St., Lincoln IL 62656
Odessa Greer, 1218 Jefferson St., Rochester IN 46975
Edna (Ford) Doudna, Box 94, Carlville IA 52041
Alida (Rannells) Lease, RR 1, Rochester IN 46975
Mary (Crabill) Craft, RR 4, Wabash IN 46992
Dr. Glen Lord, 7437 Holiday Dr. West, Indianapolis IN 46260
Robert Barkley, 516 Harrison St., Calumet City IL 60409
Violet Smith, Rochester Nursing Home, Rochester IN 46975
George DuBois [no address]
Irene (Johnston) Rouch, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Meda (Pratt) Hoover, Kewanna IN 46939
Amy (Harris) Akre, 210 St Louis Ave, Pinckneyville IL 62274
Herbert Montgomery Deceased
Joe Hunneshaged Deceased
Nada (Hiatt) Henning Deceased
Vivian (Scott) Leasure Deceased
Wilda Walter Deceased
1924
Elias Miller, 1227 Lakeshore Dr., Rochester IN 46975
Dona (Wagoner) Miller, 1227 Lakeshore Dr., Rochester IN 46975
Carl Kreamer, Kewanna IN 46939
Lorena (Starr) Johnson, Canterbury Manor Nursing Home, RR 1, Rochester IN 46975
Esther (Enquist) Russell, 16573 Casero Rd., San Diego CA 92128
Norma (Hardin) Gonzales, Logan Mobile Ct., Box 25, Logansport IN 46947 [moved]
Geneva (Falls) Coplen [no address]
Fannie (Berbitsky) Slutsky, 1110 Maple Ave, Apt 1A, Ft Wayne IN 46807
Lucille (McClain) Hooker, Box 258, North Liberty IN 46554
Virgil James, 808 N. Stone Ave., LaGrange Park IL 60525
George Smith Deceased
Doyal Showley Deceased
Athene (Farner) Baldwin Deceased
Marion Wharton Deceased
Lulu (Wilkinson) Spear Deceased
1925
Mildred (Crabill) Nutt 1610 Pulaski St., Lincoln IL 62656
Edna (Overmyer) Lavengood, 1323 Rochester Blvd., Rochester IN 46975
Mary (Sheridan) Miller, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Letha (Showley) Layman, RR 4, Walton IN 46994
Doris (Willoughby) Davis, 401 W. Main, Robinson IL 62454
Sadie (Carter) Hoesel, 455 Liberty Dr., Culver IN 46511
Dr. Robert Lord, Kewanna IN 46939
Mamie (DeMoss) Thomas, 530 E. State, Westerville OH 43081 [moved]
Helen (Wilson) Griffin, 2043 S 9th, Lafayette IN 47905
Stella (Tyler) Bitterling, 529 S. Market, Winamac IN 46996
Dale Hoff, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Paul DeVault, 4419 Edinburgh Point, Holcomb Estates, Indianapolis IN 46208
Harold Harding Deceased
Gerald Graffis Deceased
Raymond Lebo Deceased
Carl Steinke Deceased
Oscar Monesmith Deceased
1926
Thelma (Reed) Johnston, 5027 W. Echo Lane, Glendale AZ 85302
Herman Barkey, 62 W. Cardigan Dr., St. Louis MO 63135
John Steel, 2001 SW 80 Ct, Miami FL 33155-1255
Blanche (Eisamer) Steel, 2213 SW 24th, Miami FL 33145
Alice (Kopp) Myers, 1106 N St Joseph, So Bend IN 46617
Delia (Gardner) Dudkowski, 500 LWE #203, Mishawaka IN 46544-2266
Lela (Crabb) Kirby, Kewanna IN 46939 Deceased
Paul Overmyer, RR 2 Box 327, Westport IN 47283
Mary (Lord) Graffis, 4412 Massie Ave, Louisville Ky 40207
Blanche (Reed) Henderson, 129 College Ave., Culver IN 46511
Juanita (Epler) Waddups, 1701 Spear, Logansport IN 46947
Hugh Linden, 8307 Sanger Ave, Whittier CA 90606
Carl Evans [no address]
Ralph Showley, RR 1 Box 95, Kewanna IN 46939
Earl Linden, 2111 North Third, Logansport IN 46947
Victor Garman, 7714 Vale Dr., Whittier CA 90602
Ruth (Lebo) Forsyth, 7432 A Lions Head Dr., Indianapolis IN 46260
Robert Myers Deceased
Allene Moore Mills Deceased
Chester Gohl Deceased
1927
Edna (Tyler) Crabill, 3933 Parkmount Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Ralph Baldwin, 621 S 33rd St., So Bend IN 46615
Gerald Zellers, 1206 N. Brookfield, So Bend IN 46628
Chester Hunneshagen, 2308 Winchester Dr., Charleston WV 25303
Elizabeth (Stoudt) Hoover, Kewanna IN 46939
Frances (Leap) Sims, Culver IN 46511
Marguerite (Moore) Ewen, RR 6, Rochester IN 46975
Dorothy (Graf) Krecisck, 909 Sassafras Ln, Niles MI 49120
Corean (Miller) Dieske, 2310 Inglewood Ct., So Bend IN 46616
Glenn Greer Deceased
Ernest Haag Deceased
Lucille (Blausser) Zellers Deceased
Reba Martin Deceased
Lois (Tennings) Baldwin Deceased
Robert Mason Deceased
William Brandt Deceased
Fern (Wilson) Braman Deceased
Ray Overmyer Deceased
Walter Hudkins Deceased
1928
Fred Graffis, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Miller, RR 3 Box 39, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary Troutman, 5901 E. Washington St Apt 26, Indianapolis IN 46219
Mary (Gray) Brown, PO Box 393, Kewanna IN 46939
Mabel (Calvin) Zellers, 120 W. Washington, Winamac IN 46996
Alice (Calvin) Lenz, Strykersville NY 14145
Elizabeth (Lord) Fries, Hawthorne Hts, Apt 4924 Whitton Place, Indianapolis IN 46220
Wilbur Walter, 2163 Park Place Dr., Walled Lake MI 48088
Margaret (McConnell) Pereira, 9309 A Burton Way, Beverly Hills CA 90210
Arlene (Zellers) Ness, Box 284, Kewanna IN 46939
Eldon Bruce, 1815 Orkney Dr., So Bend IN 46614
Harry Ewing Deceased
Elmer Harris Deceased
Thelma Crabb Deceased
Lewis Wood Deceased
Bruce Urbin Deceased
Dale Reed Deceased
Blaine Orr Deceased
Mildred (Campbell) Brown Deceased
Donna (Rans) Smith Deceased
James Wood Deceased
Vearl Troutman Deceased
1929
Frank Greer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
John Hargrave, 2015 Indiana Ave, LaPorte IN 46350
Donald Conrad, 9563 Country Club Dr., Sun City AZ 85373
Julian (Lebo) Gilgaro, 12651 Seminole Blvd Lot 3F, Largo FL 33540
Helen (Moon) Woolington, Kewanna IN 46939
Herman Pattee, Rt 1 Box 300, Rochester IN 46975
Darlene (Wilson) Long, 847 North St, Milan MI 48160
Emerson Gordon, RR 3 Box 203AA, Rochester IN 46975 [moved]
Lucille (Smith) Beach, 1760 W E Ave., Kalamazoo MI 49007
Frank Hargrave, 710 E 18th St, LaPorte IN 46350
Virdell Overmyer, Box 162, Fulton IN 46931
Christina (McLochlin) Hall, 30600 US 20 c/o L. Noens, New Carlisle IN 46552-9753
Kathryn (Graffis) Ash, 812 S Market St, Winamac IN 46996
Herbert Deniston, Rt 2, Walton IN 46994
Edith (Miller) Beckwith, 1447 Cedar St., Tempe AZ 85281
Mary Ellen (Felder) Hott, 515 W Jefferson, Culver IN 46511
Ralph Talbott Deceased
Lloyd Rhodes Deceased
Edith Troutman Deceased
1930
Minnie (Greer) Clark, 721 Pontiac St., Rochester IN 46975
Delia (Lambert) Greer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Margaret (Kumler) Hargrave, 2015 Indiana Ave, LaPorte IN 46350
Byron McKinsey, 611 Ave Vaquero, San Clemente CA 92672
Pearl (Murray) Talbott, 820 Mansfield St., Plymouth IN 46563
Izola (Zellers) Foust, RR 2, Pekin IN 47165-9802
Dorothy (Rainsberger) Holeva, 22412 112th Ave S, Des Moines IA 98188
Lois Smith [no address]
Corlista (Keeney) Nicholson, 11859 Cornell Ln, Yucarpa CA 92399
Harriet (Elston) Stoudt, Kewanna IN 46939
Kathryn (Kopp) Orr, Kewanna IN 46939
Eldonna (Gohl) Kohler, 217 Oklawaha Dr., Rivervie FL 33536
Florence (Jennings) Harbett, 1015 E 9th St., Rochester IN 46975
Lucille (Moore) Feidner, RR 2, Rochester IN 46975
Joseph McConnell, 8620 E Bonnie Rose Ave, Scottsdale AZ 85253
Cloyd Zuck, RR 1 Box 41, Kewanna IN 46939
Harlan Wharton, 56126 Harmon Dr., Mishawaka IN 46545
Foster Stoudt Deceased
Loretta Williamson Deceased
Arnabel (Nafe) Shaffer Deceased
Dennis Troutman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Floyd Swayzee, 2029 Allen St, Allentown PA 18104-5038
Roy Hogan, RR 1 Box 60, Eastover SC 29044
Harold Wilson, 6059 Carrolton Ave, Indianapolis IN 46220
1931
Bertha (Stoudt) McKinsey, 611 Ave Vaquero, San Clemente CA 92672
Raymond Stipp, 2102 LaPorte Rd, Valparaiso IN 46383
Ethel (Rans) Stipp, 2102 LaPorte Rd., Valparaiso IN 46383
Calvin Miller, Kewanna IN 46939
Ruby (Wentzel) Freidrich, 420 Ostemo Pl, So Bend IN 46617
Robert Hendrickson, Kewanna IN 46939
Lois (Kumler) Ewen, 213 W 8th St., Rochester IN 46975
Sophia (BAuer) McElkeny, 2626 George St., Apt 906, Logansport IN 46947
Hugh Wood [no address]
Margaret (Hunneshagen) Werner, RR 1 Kewanna IN 46939
Keister Kile, RR 7, Defiance OH 43512 Deceased
Vivian (Duncan) DeVault, 3105 Peavy Rd #818, Dallas TX 75228
Ruth (Huey) Carr, RR 1 Box 296, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary (Eddington) Fansler, 111-1/2 Jefferson St., Rochester IN 46975
Helen Wood Hill, 1402 E Calvert St., So Bend IN 46612-3302 Deceased
Willard Zellers, PO Box 284, Kewanna IN 46939
Alice (Lebo) Walaitis, 521 Forest PL, Culver IN 46511
John Cannon Deceased
Elroy Fogelsong Deceased
Minnie (Little) Britton Deceased
Jean (Troutman) Marnell Deceased
Byron Lavengood Deceased
Sanford Showley Deceased
1932
Loretta (Hendrickson) Miller, Kewanna IN 46939
Carl Overmyer, 111 W 3rd, Rochester IN 46975
Loma (Urbin) Baker, 610 Obispo St., Culver IN 46511
Agatha (Moon) Marsh, Water Haven Apts, Rochester IN 46975
Robert Liggett [no address]
Roy Strader, 5015 York Rd., So Bend IN 46614
Irene (Zuck) Wynn, 3432 Byrd St., Dearborn MI 48124
Burdell Bruce, 5407 E 79th, Indianapolis IN 46250
Millicent (Nafe) Bentz, 2400 N. Florence, El Paso TX 79902
Leonard Garner, 1110 Lynnwood Dr., Rolla MO 65401
Charlotte (Kumler) Brown, 7580 Gladstone Ave., White City OR 97503
Arnold Zellers, RR 7 Box 58, Caywood Lakeside Ct, Rochester IN 46975
Lester Masters [no address]
Katherine (Starr) Hubeny, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Helen (Rans) Worl, 2102 LaPorte Rd, Valparaiso IN 46383
Caroline (Little) Malott, Box 1172, Orville CA 95965
Roseva (Felder) Martin Deceased
Esther (Cannon) Travis Deceased
Mae (Talbott) Kile Deceased
Erma (Martin) Brough Deceased
Irene (Collins) Hendrickson Deceased
1933
Nettie (Fogelsong) Barkey, 62 W. Cardigan Dr., St Louis MO 63135
Lois (Pattee) Cohagan, 1729 Royal Center Pike, Logansport IN 46947
Edward Working, RR3 Box 209, Titusville FL 32780
Mary (Mason) Kownover, 12544 St Rd 33, Granger IN 46530
Dolores (Kingery) Cook, 445 N Pantano Rd #201, Tucson AZ 85710-2301
Dorothy (Moon) Moskal, c/o Helen Woolington, Kewanna IN 46939
Emeline (Brunk) Sullivan, 6271 Kalmith Dr., Westminister CA 92683
Neldo (Hogan) Reed, 12575 Oakes N. Drive #120, San Diego CA 92128
Byron Kumler, 660 Trinway, Troy MI 48098
Lera (Anderson) McKinney, Kewanna IN 46939
Dorothy Corsaut Deceased
Marie (Walters) Shore, 1204 Main, Rochester IN 46975
Paul Ley, Kewanna IN 46939
Lorene (McKinsey) Cooper, 1512 Anna Rd #44, Pekin IL 61554
Esther (Wharton) Lake, RR 1 Box 128, North Judson IN 46366
Hattie (Moon) Baldwin, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Vera (Baldwin) Gibson, 300 E 4th St., Waterhaven Apt 6D, Rochester IN 46975
Mabel (Woods) Gifford, RR 2 Box 256, Logansport IN 46947
Lois Robbins [no address)
Carlos Jewell Deceased
Joseph McPherson Deceased
Ralph DeVault Deceased
Walter Hecktor Deceased
Jack Vigus Deceased
Louis (Hendrickson) Wood Tietz Deceased
Colburn Hardin Deceased
1934
Eldonna (Nafe) Graffis, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Roy Baker, 610 Obispo St., Culver IN 45611
Phil Anderson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Burdette Garner, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ray Strader, 23735 Kern Rd., So Bend IN 46614
Olive (Willoughby) Watkins, RR 2 Box 251, Kewanna IN 46939
Charles Talbott, Monterey IN 46960
Rev. Carlyle Mason, RR 8 Box 388, Warsaw IN 46580
Lois (Tomlinson) Kumler, Box 25, Kewanna IN 46939
Lois Baldwin [no address]
Goldie (Baldwin) Muzzey, 23408 Forestview, Elkhart IN 46514
Lucille (Crabill) Byers, RR 1 Box 163, Roann IN 46974
Albert Linden, 3720 Elhern Ave., Columbus OH 43213
Anna Marie (Dwyer) Lindgren, 7434 King George Dr. #D, Indianapolis IN 46260
Dale Lloyd, 720W 225N, Monticello IN 47960
Wilma (Woolington) Osborn, RR 2, Culver IN 46511 [moved]
Mildred (Starr) Mason, 3404 N. Lanewood Rd., Muncie IN 47304
Dorothy (Lamb) Chizum, RR 1 Box 28, Rochester IN 46975
Doris (Graffis) Chamberlain, 307 S. Portland, Knox IN 46534
Margey (Vanata) Chizum, RR 4 Box 50, Knox IN 46534 [moved]
Mary (Miller) Quick, PO Box 7, Villa Park IL 60181
Lois (Brooker) Crill, Kewanna IN 46939
Clara Jane (Urbin) Kumler Deceased
Richard Long Deceased
Carson Ackert Deceased
Harold Rans Deceased
Josephine (Brooker) Talbott Deceased
Marie Busch Deceased
Jean (Myers) Nash Deceased
John Rainsburger Deceased
1935
Helen (Kissinger) Miller, RR 3 Box 39, Kewanna IN 46939
Helen (Smith) Anderson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Opal (Crabb) Garner, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Charles Hubeny, 375 Dolyrample Rd., Dunwoody GA 30338
Emme (Brown) Harlin, 53076 Old Farm Rd., Elkhart IN 46514
Robert Wilson, RR 4, Bremen IN 46506
Fred McPherson, 130 Crestwood Lane, Lexington TN 38351
Rachael (Popejoy) Roth, 2802 E. Windrose, Phoenix AZ 85032
Mary Ruth (DeVault) Brown, 2129 Shawnee Dr., Defiance OH 43512
Ray Grostefon, 5 Sturdy Rd., Valparaiso IN 46383
Kenneth Lavengood, 1395 Zeeland Dr., Holt MI 48832
Eileen (Dwyer) Kerwin, 5730 Sandalwood Blvd., Columbus OH 43224
Alice (Martin) Laub, RR 2 Box 167, Grabill IN 46741
Donald Metzger, RR 4 Box 468, Rochester IN 46975
Betty (Working) Dorton, 3001 Smith St., Ft Wayne IN 46806
Wilbur Urbin, 715 Bates St., Logansport IN 46947
Herbert Smith Deceased
Virginia (Sanders) Grant Deceased
Dale Overmyer Deceased
Robert Corsaut Deceased
Joe Cook Deceased
1936
Margaret (Wilson) Smith, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Rev. Cleon Overmyer, RR 1 Box 411, Kewanna IN 46939
Helen (Clark) Barco, 115 S. Riverside, Winamac IN 46996
Neil Grostefon [no address]
Jeanette (Mutchler) Hunter, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Roxie (McClain) Frye, Box 55, Fulton IN 46931
Catherine (Crabill) Kough, 415 Brown St., Logansport IN 46947
Mary Alice (Myers) Stokes, 1025 LWWest, Mishawaka IN 46544
Mary Alice (Robbins) Kitchell, 1409 North St., Logansport IN 46947
Frances (Gillespie) McKee, RR 1 25751 W Kern Rd., So Bend IN 46614
Dorothy (Showley) Neff, 5541 K Lark Ave, Portage IN 46368
Edward Miller, 160 Roundelay Dr., Franklin IN 46131
Naomi (Shaw) Younkin, 105 N. Chicago St., Royal Center IN 46978
Ray Myers, RR 7 Box 228, Rochester IN 46975
Donald Troutman, Kewanna IN 46939
Maurice Pattee, 6333 Sautern Dr., Jacksonville FL 32210
John Sanders Deceased
Hubert Rans Deceased
Herbert McNabb Deceased
Edmund Ley Deceased
Ruth (Elston) Overmyer Deceased
Simon Talbott Deceased
Garnet (Enyart) Beauchamp Deceased
Ruth (Collins) Beisen Deceased
1937
Mary Alice (McVay) Overmyer, 111 W 3rd, Rochester IN 46975
Madelyn (Master) Fort, RR 4 Box 527, Rochester IN 46975
Dorothy (Kaley) Nelson, 2096 US-195, Clearwater FL 33546
Robert Troutman, RR 2 Box 19, Kewanna IN 46939
Arthur Wilson, RR 1 Box 126, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Scott, RR 1 Box 85, Kewanna IN 46939
Mildred (Tomlinson) McColley, Kewanna IN 46939
Alice (Garner) House, Kewanna IN 46939
Bernice (Zellers) Simshauser, RR 4, Winamac IN 46996
Rosetta (Woolington) Newgent, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Lois (Popejoy) Becker, 6302 W. Cavalier Dr., Glendale AZ 85301
Jeanette (Calvin) Allsop, 200 Ave K Southeast Apt # 37, Winter Haven FL 33880
John Urbin, Kewanna IN 46939
Lucille (Zuck) Burton, RR 6 Box 254, Rochester IN 46975
Thelma (Brown) Hunt, 6333 W. Rose Lane, Glendale AZ 85301
Elnora (Bitterling) Malgrem, 13158 Westview Dr., Palos Heights IL 60463
Isabel (Lamb) Brockey, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Elsie (Wharton) Turner, RR 4 Box 552 Rochester IN 46975
Charles Troutman, 1414 W. 183 Rd, Gardenia CA 90247
Norman McColley Deceased
Harold Shank Deceased
Robert Brunk Deceased
Alice (Weller) Montz Deceased
Edgar Haney Deceased
Jean (McKee) Keigher Deceased
1938
Art Anderson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Floyd Bruce, 8502 Evergreen St., PO Box 40505, Indianapolis IN 46240
Jeanne (Brooker) Anderson, RR 1, Rochester IN 46975
Ralph Bitterling, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Betty L. Broo [no address]
Robert Miller, 203 N. Albert, So Bend IN 46619
Leonard Whiting, 1528 Treen St., Logansport IN 46947
Bessie (Mollencupp) Engle, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Kaley, c/ Dorothy Kaley Nelson - 1937
Mary (Metzger) Renkenberger, 115 E Columbia, Logansport IN 46947
Josephine (Lisey) Emily [no address]
Robert Sixby, 183 Pontiac, Rochester IN 46975
Blanche (McClain) Culver, RR 2 Box 46-A, Empire AL 35063
Argene (Miller) Snyder [no address]
Kathryn (Gillespie) Huntington, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Alice (Sulek) Van Duyne, 6619 W. Willow Ct, Indianapolis IN 46224
Orlyn Master, HQ VII Corps DEH, Box 37, APO, NY 09154
Leo Besse, 310 E. Brunswick, Indianapolis IN 46224
Mildred (Buck) DeMorest, 14801 Judson Dr., Cleveland OH 44128
Gerald Swartz, RR 4 Box 83, Knox IN 46534
Howard Summers, 416 W 3rd, Rochester IN 46975
Henry Moon, 741 N. Orange Grove Ave., Los Angeles CA 90046
Martha (Bixler) Woods [no address]
Marjory (Zellers) Martin Deceased
Buddy Hendricks Deceased
Robert Schirm Deceased
Raymond Rans Deceased
Delbert Corsaut Deceased
Michael Hines Deceased
1939
James Collins, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Blanche (Gidley) Collins RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ralph Steinke [do not notify]
Dorothy (Brown) Steinke [do not notify]
Raymond Lockhart [no address]
Raymond Warfield, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Bonnie (Nafe) Lausted, 1055 Harold Circle, Ann Arbor MI 48104
Mary Jean (Johnstone) Nutter, 701 E. Alto Rd., Kokomo IN 46901
Velma Enyeart [no address]
Francis Schirm, 400 E. Roselawn Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Ruth P. Pattee [no address]
John J. Mutchler, 329 W. 13th St., Rocheter IN 46975
Betty (Crabill) Whitten, 708 Byron Ct., Deerfield IL 60015
Marjory (Kingery) Lloyd, 3424 Killien Dr., Sacramento CA 95821
Erma Greathouse [no address]
Lois (Agnew) Sights, 132 E. Oakside, So Bend IN 46614
Mildred (Shaw) Troutman, c/o Trudy's Beauty Shop, RR 1 Box 329, Akron IN 46910
Sara Jean (Jones) Holland [no address]
Ralph Kreamer, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Lulu Ann (Hamilton) Wegner, 212 Lakeshore Dr., LaPorte IN 46350
Richard Rhody Deceased
DeVon Crabb Deceased
John Hines Deceased
Vincent Calvin Deceased
Willodean Smith Deceased
Kenneth Mason Deceased
Donna (Collom) Ley Deceased
Lois (Blausser) Kendall, 15112 Miami Ave., Logansport IN 46947
Wallace Calvin, 2238 Blue Heron Ln., Vero Beach FL 329860
1940
Ruth Ann Anderson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Doris (Troutman) Miller, 9387 19th Rd., Argos IN 46501
Virginia (Zellers) Cook, RR 1 Box 210, Atlanta TX 75551
Mildred (Lamb) Brockey, RR 3 Box 259, Rochester IN 46975
Jack Hickle, RR 1 Box 267, Frankfort IN 46047
Catherine (Dwyer) Herder, 2800 Colonial Ridge Ct D, Cincinnati OH 45223 [moved]
Cmdr. Robert Clark, 6320 Mori St., McLean VA 22101
Matilda (Besse) Lamb, RR 1 Box 74, Kewanna IN 46939
Phyllis (Troutman) Buskirk, 1118 High St., Logansport IN 46947
Jack Hogan, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Doris Swayzee, 110 Michael Ln., Apt 204, Royal Center IN 46978
Edna (Woolington) Avery, Box 271, Wilshire OH 45898
Norman Gillespie, 10298 USR-224, Deerfield OH 44411
Lorene (Rans) Wood, PO Box 401, 401 Marquetta St., Valparaiso IN 46383
Dorothy (Warfield) Emmons [no address]
Bernard Engle, 16816 SR-17, Culver IN 46511
Della Mae (Weller) Ratliff Deceased
1941
John Agnew Sr. Kewanna IN 46939
Damon Miller, 9387 19th Rd., Argos IN 46501
Raymond Weller, Kewanna IN 46939
Dorese (Calvin) White, Kewanna IN 46939
Bill Willoughby, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Gerald Jones, 14563 Michigan Blvd., Allen Park MI 48101
Robert Hickle, 18178 N. 3rd, Logansport IN 46947
Donald Baldwin [no address]
Dean House, 1834 York St., Elkhart IN 46516
Harrison Crabill, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Genevieve (McNabb) Gray, 1310 E. Victoria, So Bend IN 46614 [moved]
DeVon Overmyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jack Brunk, 6532 Anthony Ave., Garden Grove CA 92640
Dr. James Hines, 251 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago IL 60611
Dale Bitterling, 4558 Roswell Rd., N Apr W-1, Atlanta GA 30342 [moved]
Virginia Reinholt, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Everista (Dwyer) King, 1550 Coachlight Way, Dunedin FL 33528-3903
Martha (Wilson) Latham, 617 Harlan Ave., Evansville IN 46711 [moved]
Beulah (Enyeart) Sutton, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Mildred (Brooker) Jones, 425 S. Main, Culver IN 46511
Naomi (Zellers) Seidel, RR 7 Box 334, Rochester IN 46975
Mary (Hizer) Hendrickson [no address]
Elsie Copeland [no address]
Dick Miller, c/o Fansler Lumber, Rochester IN 46975
Helen Gale [no address]
Ruth Rhody [no address]
Joan Sulek [no address]
Ruth (Evers) DeVries, 886 Garland Dr., Palo Alto CA 94303
Eldon Smith Deceased
Jerome Miller Deceased
Mary Jo Bardsley Deceased
Donald Clark Deceased
1942
Gerald Urbin, Fulton IN 46931
John Collins Deceased
Francis Ley, 3490 Quarl Ct., Melbourne FL 32935
Lois Jean (Rans) Bell, 1191 29th Ave. N., Naples FL 33940
Wilma (McNabb) Lineberger, 6148 Cypress Ln., Spring Lake, Sebring FL 33870
Raymond Engle, RR 7, Rochester IN 46975
Maxine (Stipp) Green, 812 Plain St., LaPorte IN 46350
Ardis Zellers, RR 1 Box 148A, Rossville IN 46065
Evelyn (Nafe) Guiley, 53198 COR 9N, Elkhart IN 46514
Ralph Hamman, Monterey IN 46960
Betty (Overmyer) Augsburger, Box 53, Argos IN 46501
Mary Lois (Lamb) Doud, 1201 Jackson Blvd, Rochester IN 46975
E. Dean Enyart 520 Ohio St., Rochester IN 46975
Margaret (Johnstone) Hermance, 1706 Garfield, Lebanon IN 46052
Bertha (Wilson) Crippen, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Worl, 6126 Marilyn Rd., Indianapolis IN 46226
Kenneth Swayzee, 1410 Tama Shanter Ln., Kokomo IN 46901
Donna (Sixby) Leavell, 720 Randolph St., Topeka KS 66606
Mabel (Crill) Sullivan, Twelve Mile IN 46988
Warren Miller, 1119 N 46th #103, Phoenix AZ 85008
Lt. Col. Ret., Howard Johnston, 6120 W. Grovers Rd., Glendale AZ 85308
Ivan Troutman, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Donald P. Mutchler, RR 2 Box 305, Elwood IN 46036
1943
Delmar Crabill, RR 4, Charleston IL 61920
Beth (Reason) Weller, Kewanna IN 46939
Violet (Bitterling) Wilson, RR 4, Winamac IN 46996
Mary (Guyer) Overmyer, Box 162, Fulton IN 46931
Connie (Hogan) Sharo, 205 Niles St., LaPorte IN 46350
Ernest Brown, 82032 Grape Rd., Granger IN 46530
Mary (Corsaut) Harper, Kewanna IN 46939
Lois (Talbott) Miller, Fulton IN 46931 [moved]
Keith Smith, 2806 Rockford Ln., Kokomo IN 46901
Betty (Edlin) Schodrof, 921 Garfield St., Logansport IN 46947 [moved]
Herman Rouch [no address]
Audry Miller [no address]
1944
Carl J. Evans, Kewanna IN 46939
Pat (Sixby) Evans, Kewanna IN 46939
Clara (Evers) Licktormere, RR 3, Storm Lake IA 50588 [no card please]
Tad Enyart, 2616 Martin Way, White Bear Lake MN 55110
Ruth (Troutman) Taylor, RR 3, Winamac IN 46996
Raymond Rouch, 1803 Clifton Ave., Logansport IN 46947
Opal (Stingley) Kissinger, RR 1 Box 98B, Logansport IN 46947
William F. Moon, RR 4 Box 512, Rochester IN 46975
Betty (Carr) Leazenby, RR 4 Box 15B, Newaygo MI 49337
Forrest Brown, 1200 Ashland Rd Box 188, Mansfield OH 44905
Annetta (Smith) Besse, Kewanna IN 46939
Edith (Baldwin) Wolfe, 838 S 25th, So Bend IN 46615
Leo Kubicki, 1791 Indian Way, Oakland CA 94611
Bill Donathen, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Jean (Reason) Long, 717 Lynnwood Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Floyd Edward Mollencupp, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Frances (Mutchler) Herrell, RR 1, Oxford WI 53952
Emerson Bixler, 19519 E. Kern Rd., So Bend IN 46614
Arvin Gillespie, 2513 Pleasant Ave., Ft Wayne IN 46805
Frank Lamb Deceased
Roy Rans Jr. Deceased

1945
Betty (Warfield) Urbin, Fulton IN 46931
Virgil Zellers, Kewanna IN 46939
Glen Hart, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Bertha (Williams) Antico, RR 3, Connersville IN 47331
Ruth (Hamman) Talbott, Kewanna IN 46939
Dorothy (Frasa) Krohn, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Robert Carr, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jessie (McClain) Hines, RR 2, Royal Center IN 46978
Eleanor (Hook) Grabenbaur, 542 Fleming St., Sebastian FL 32958
Virginia (Enhart) McFarland, RR 2, Akron IN 46910
Robert Warfield, 138 Wheatland Ave., Logansport IN 46947
Harvey Guyer, 54456 Fir Rd., Mishawaka IN 46544
Martha Ann (Urbin) Cook, Kewanna IN 46939
David Geller, PO Box 221, Akron IN 46910
Joy Lou (Hendrickson) Long, 8403 Elgrove St., Springs Hill FL 33526
Herbert McIntire, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Joe Crabill Deceased
DeVore Johnston Deceased
Edgar Rans Deceased
1946
Virginia (Rans) Agnew, Kewanna IN 46939
Richard Brown, Kewanna IN 46939
Phyllis (Caldwell) Williams, RR 1 Box 11A, Bunker Hill IN 46914
Ruth (Mutchler) Lease, Lucerne IN 46950
James Overmyer, Box 484, New Castle IN 47362
Ann (Reason) Chapman, Sand Piper Shop, The Ocean Reef Club, Key Largo FL 33037
Richard Baldwin, Box 62, Kewanna IN 46939
Edward Polen, c/o Florence Polen, Royal Center IN 46978 [moved]
Laurence McIntire, RR 3 Box 517, Sequin TX 78155
Kenneth Smith, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Lois (Bauman) Compton, 445 E. Charles St., Plymouth IN 46563
Barbara (Carr) Gast, Kewanna IN 46939
Earl Downing [no address]
Ralph Worl Deceased
Helen (Costello) Powell Deceased
1947
Leonard Evers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Robert Hamman, 201 N. Le Blvd, De La Paix, So Bend IN 46615
Carol Sue (Carter) Heater 925 Homewood Ave, Mishawaka IN 46544
Harvey Renee, 409 Canyon Ridge Dr., Richardson TX 75080
Beatrice (Carr) Clark, RR 6 Box 65, Plattsburgh NY 12901
Ben BAuman, 220S 900E, Zionsville IN 46077
Richard Deckard [no address]
Joanne (Hite) Walters, 115 Fox St., So Bend IN 46614 [moved]
Helen (Shadle) Myers, 302 S. Berrian St., Albion MI 49224-1804
Donald Moon, 50665 Bristol Ave., So Bend IN 46637 [moved]
Paul Frettinger, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Clyde Richard Garner Deceased
Dean Ray Crabb Deceased
Richard Rans Deceased
Donald Hart Deceased
Willard Foust Deceased
1948
Paul Bardsley, 3000 Co Line Rd., Portage IN 46368
Robert Hubeny, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary Ann Brown, 245 Quebec Ave., Toronto Ont Canada M6P2T9
Homer Geller [no address]
Blanche (Ball) Towne, 418 W. 7th St., Rochester IN 46975
Kenneth Clark, 1359 Norman Rd., St. Joe MI 49085
Bernice Hart (Sister Carolita C.S.C.), Box 266 McNaughton Rd., Columbus OH 43213
Florence (Guyer) Partridge, 1620 Monroe, Rochester IN 46975
Evelyn (Engle) Foust, Kewanna IN 46939 (Sally)
Edwin Miller Deceased
Martha (Mutchler) Reeser Deceased
Helen Traylor Deceased
Marjory (Fredrich) Ansley Deceased
John Enyeart Deceased
Richard Patezel Deceased
Violet (Murhling) Clyde Deceased
1949
Doris (McIntire) Crabill, RR 4, Charleston IL 61920
William Graham, 8110 E 700 N, Brownsburg IN 46112
Ellen (Sulek) Freund, 1525 Forest Rd., LaGrange IL 60525
George Wilson Jr., 53081 Crestview Dr., So Bend IN 46556
Gladys (McClain) Stutzman, 6310 Heards Lane, Galveston TX 77551 [moved]
Dolores (Wilkinson) Forsch, 843 Trail Ridge East, Mishawaka IN 46544
Jerome Friedrich, 3919 Orleans Dr., Kokomo IN 46901
Delbert Guyer, 5780 E. Foothill Rd., Ventura CA 93003
Joe Rans, RR 1, Akron IN 46910
Eileen (Carr) Heiden, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ralph Garver, 4307 Jamestown Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Donald Carr, Young Rd., Katonah NY 10536 [will have new address in '88]
Noreen (Kinley) Erlenbach, Box 2557, Smithers BC Canada U0J2Wd
Gladys (Frettinger) Ambrose, 483 I.S.A. Dr., Wheeling IL 60090
Carol (Willoughby) Erickson, 25275 Koontz, Roseville MI 48066
Paul Lavengood [no address]
Loma (Warfield) Collins, Kewanna IN 46939
Jean (Brooks) Browning, 1201 W. Calle Concordia, Tucson AZ 85704
Donna Jean (Hasman) Heider Deceased
1950
Pat (Sanders) Zellers, Kewanna IN 46939
Maxine (Larkin) Bardsley, 300 Co Line Rd, Portage IN 46368
Harold Hickle, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Betty (Knicker) Hickle, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jerry Talbott, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Ann (Jester) Talbott, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
William Clyde, Inwood IN 46533
Robert Ingram, 2353 N Main, Mishawaka IN 46544
Connie (McNabb) Frazier, 102 Mabrey Rd., Palm Springs CA 92262
Blaine Hurlburt, 379 E 6th, Peru IN 46970
Wayne Hurlburt, RR 1, Star City IN 46985
Louise (Pfiefer) Decker, RR 1 Box 84, Worthington IN 47471
Donnabelle (Van Duyne) Fisher, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Dick Gilsinger, 2109 Westgate Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Robert Anderson, 3027 Moore Rd, Anderson IN 46011
Jim Zellers, 5162 Cereus Ct., Las Vegas NV 89102
Thelma (Moon) Frettinger, 1604 Madison, Village Place Apt 4, Rochester IN 46975
Regina Friedrich Deceased
Anne (Costello) Frye Deceased
Farrell (Swafford) Shultz Deceased
Paul Buchanan, 79095 Edgelake Dr., Orlando FL 32812
Wilma (Wood) Allred (Mrs. Tom, RR 3 Riverwood Acres 223-2805)
1951
Nancy (Whiteside) Evers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Ron Hamman, Box 124, Kewanna IN 46939
Howard Hickle, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Bonnie (Mosher) Pearson, 5372 Kenilworth Dr., Huntington Beach CA 92649
Gloria (Bowman) Lambert [no address]
Jane (Whipper) Ewing, RR 4, Winamac IN 46996
Mary (Stingley) Borden, 61500 Dogwood Rd., Mishawaka IN 46544
Gene Reinholt, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Caroline (Renee) Boos, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939 [moved]
Joe Ingram [no address]
Lois (Polen) Harvey, RR 1, Royal Center IN 46978
Betty (Fortna) Moser, 3054 McArthur Rd, Decatur IL 62526
Alice (Felder) Williams, 802 Plum St., Miamisburg OH 45342
Evelyn (Brown) Peters, Kewanna IN 46939
Bill Bixler, 1001 Timbercrest Dr., Logansport IN 46947
Diane (Hiestand) Wilson
Lester Kamp 10173 Neely St., Osceola IN 46561
Lois (Frasa) Murray, 713 Fulton Ave., Rochester IN 46975
Tom Enyeart, 3016 Waverly Ct., Mishawaka IN 46544
Joan (Smith) Hoffman, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Loree (Graham) Hildebrandt, Box 345 K RR 2, Carmel IN 46032
Paul Rans Deceased
1952
Carole (Harris) Hamman, Box 124 Kewanna IN 46939
Bill Masteller, 1448 Fremont Dr., Mishawaka IN 46544
Ruth (Benjamin) Masteller, 1448 Fremont Dr., Mishawaka IN 46544
Nadine (Fortna) Tope, 6908 Justice Dr., Raleigh NC 27609
Douglass Ginn, RR 2, Rochester IN 46975
Paul Shaw, RR Twelve Mile IN 46988
Charles Greer, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Helen (Hendrickson) Fitzgerald, 719 S. Spring St., Geneseo IL 61254
Shirley Zartman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Joan (Talbott) Riffle, 4450 Cosnar, Lake Station IN 46405
James Aldridge, 1456 E. Philadelphia Ave. Space 183, Ontario CA 91761
James Yerkes, 2060 Deborah Dr. NE, Atlanta GA 30345
Emily (McClain) Brown, 6412 Highway 17, Plymouth IN 46563
Ruth (Cannon) Scheffer, RR 3 Box 232, Rochester IN 46975
Delcia (Artist) DeGraff, 1910 E. Bowman, So Bend IN 46613
Marjorie (Guyer) Kistler, 7017 Tower Ct., Indianapolis IN 46204
Ted Ness, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
John Fairfield [no address]
Laurence Sulek [no address]
Tom Carlton, 20353 42nd Ave. NE, Seattle WA 98155
1953
Albert Brooks, RR 2 Box 115, Anadarko OK 73005
Shirley (Ingram) Bussert, RR 2 Box 656-C, Beaufort NC 28516
LaVon Hasman, RR 1 Box 136, Walton IN 46994
Leonard McIntire, RR 1 Box 218A, Flora IN 46929
Fred Brown [no address]
Marilyn (Zellers) Williams, 8283 Hewlet Dr., Indianapolis IN 46268
Willodean (Van Duyne) DeWitt RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Eileen (Larkin) Stepp, 116 N. George St., North Judson IN 46366
Betty (Welsh) Whittemore, RR 1 Box 402, New Palestine IN 46163
Larry Rans, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Patsy (Lebo) Chase, 725-12 Tramway Vista Lp NE, Albuquerque NM 87122 [moved]
Wilma (Reinholt) Lytle, RR 6 Box 203A, Logansport IN 46947
Rex Talbott, 1128 Harrison Ct St., Dyer IN 46311
Allen Rosenbug, #3 Deggs Circle, Newton Square PA 19073
Mary Ann (Bauman) Nehring, Box 195, Camden IN 46917
Carol (Livengood) cClellan, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Nila (Whybrew) Wren [no address]
James Hines RR 1, Twelve Mile IN 46988
Duane Bowman Deceased
Barbara (Woods) Elder Deceased
Phyllis (Swafford) Stiles Deceased
1954
Pauline (Mosher) Brown, Kewanna IN 46939
Carol (Hyatt) Hickle, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Linda (Ingram) Brooks, RR 2 Box 115, Anadarko OK 73005
Dorothy (Hubeny) Frasa, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Barbara (Talbott) Enyeart, 722 Gardena St., Michigan City IN 46360
Joan (Witham) Nocera [no address]
Marve (Lindsmith) Sixby, 212 Hilldrop St., Caldwell ID 83605
Peggy (Mason) McDonald, 3508 N. Janney, Muncie IN 47301
Allen Lane, c/o Gurstel Markley, RR 5, Winamac IN 46996
Sharlene (Shull) Haimbaugh, RR 4 Box 606, Rochester IN 46975
Roger Graham, 13336 Towne Rd., Westfield IN 46074
Theresa (Miller) Hinshaw, 3320 Lindbergh Dr., Indianapolis IN 46237
David Foust [no address]
Charlotte (Warfield) Robbins, Kewanna IN 46939
Kenneth Miller, 115 Alexander, Plymouth IN 46563
Donald Woolington, Kewanna IN 46939
Martha Smith, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Franklin Kado, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Dolores (Kruger) Woolington, c/o Florence Kruger, Kewanna IN 46939
Tom Cowles [no address]
Lawrence Overmyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Patty (Ginn) Barncastle, c/o Eva Ginn, 428 Main Rchester IN 46975
Clarence Robbins Deceased
1955
Bill DeWitt, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Wayne Zellers, 5354 Mark Ln., Indianapolis IN 46226
Doris (Kreamer) Zellers, 5354 Mark Ln, Indianapolis IN 46226
George Hoover, RR 1 Box 248, Rochester IN 46975
Pat (Kumler) Hoover, RR 1 Box 248, Rochester IN 46975
Charlotte Gedcus [no address]
Norma (Guyer) Reynolds [no address]
Keith Harmon [no address]
Francis Hendrickson, RR 6, Rochester IN 46975
Dorothy (Hubeny) Miller, RR 1 Box 338, Culver IN 46511
Jay Ingram [no address]
Dara (Masteller) Yoder, RR 3, Argos IN 46501
Lowell Rans, 15757 Tuscola Rd #4, Apple Valley CA 92307-2106
Alice (Starr) Ewing [no address]
Alice (Stingley) Webb, Box 208, Mentone IN 46539
Shirley (Swafford) Woodward [no address]
Bill Werner, Hidden Bay Box 2, Cicero IN 46060
Maxine (Reinholt) Ransey, RR 1 Box 345 E, Logansport IN 46947
Wayne Baldwin, 803 Stanley St., Logansport IN 46947
Saretta (DeWitt) Shriver, RR 2, Akron IN 46910
Sara (Fairfield) Mersch, 111 Slate St., Culver IN 46511
Larry Joe Zellers, LaFontaine IN 46940
Carrol Felder Deceased
Jerry Plummer Deceased
1956
Norman Frasa, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Margaret (Chizum) DeWitt, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ronald Talbott, RR 14 2751 Steam Corners Rd., Lexington OH 44904
Kay (Williamson) Brown, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Dale Kubicki, 2171 Paunee Path, Stevensville MI 49127
Larry Murhling, RR 6, Rochester IN 46975
Larry Mason, 3613 N. Lanewood, Muncie IN 47304
Jerry Sisinger, RR 6, Rochester IN 46975
Larry Anderson, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
John Bauman, 29 Woodland Dr., Wappingers Falls NY 12590
Bob Greer, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary (Henning) Werick, 175 West Shore Dr., Culver IN 46511
Fred Hines, RR 1, Galveston IN 46932
Jane (Warfield) Coby, Leiters Ford INd 46945 [moved]
Jay Masteller, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Dolores (Towne) Staggs, 3619 W. Lamar, Phoenix AZ 85007
Gene Wilson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939-9801
Barbara (Boocher) Day Deceased
Dean Woolington Deceased
1957
Jerry Brown, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Larry Koebcke, 1952 Galena Ct., Valparaiso IN 46383
Marilyn Sue (Anderson) Grube, 3104 Bryan St., Kokomo IN 46901
James Downhour Jr., RR 2, Rochester IN 46975
Donald Dekker, RR 27 Box 19, Terre Haute IN 47802
Harold Foust, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Sara (Hunter) Hoffman, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Larry Hurley, Star City IN 46987
Robert Kumler, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Bill Livengood [no address]
Judith (Miller) Mills, 401 Southlea, Kokomo IN 46901
Victor Montz, Kewanna IN 46939
Bruce Rainey, 4620 Greenwood Dr., Rosenberg TX 77471
Ruth Ann (Reinholt) Holcomb, 418 N. Cline Ave., Griffith IN 46319
Janice (Shidaker) Bleeke, 4910 Chaucer Rd., Ft Wayne IN 46835
Steve Skersick, 1002 E. Southport Rd., Indianapolis IN 46227
Janet (Urbin) Burkett, 701 Madison, Rochester IN 46975
Charles Woolington, 2700 Washington St., Modern Tr Ct, Kokomo IN 46901
Jane (Zartman) Green, Box 104, Kewanna IN 46939
Joe Zellers, 7012 Alamosa Way, Las Vegas NV 89128
1958
Leona (Geisler) Talbott, RR 14, 2751 Steam Corners Rd., Lexington OH 44904
Terry Livengood, 33 K.C. Drive, Bastrop TX 78602
Jim Hiland, 4329 W. Laurie Lane, Glendale AZ 85302
Sharyn (Johnston) Hiland, 4329 W. Laurie Lane, Glendale AZ 85302
Ruth Ann (Anderson) Reuter, RR 1, Claypool IN 46510
Hugh Baldwin Jr., RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Doris Brown, Box 167, Decker Hill Rd., Branville NJ 17826
Richard Cox [no address]
Betty (Cohagen) Hurley, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Dana (Shull) Nichols, 6207 Jacobs Way, Madison WI 53711
Carolyn (DeWitt) Shelpman, Box 341, Akron IN 46910
Joan (Graffis) Boyer, 5616 Popp Rd, Ft. Wayne IN 46825-9657
Bill Harris, 906 Lakeshore Dr., Culver IN 46511
Sandra (Hinderlider) Estes, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Walter Koebcke, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Kate (McKinney) Brown, 89890 Deming Rd., RR 2, Elmira OR 97437
Mary (Rainey) Fox, RR 3, Mitchell IN 47446
Bill Ingram, Oak Tree Lane #3, RR 2, Beaufort NC 28516
JoAnn Engle Deceased
1959
Joe Good, Box 307, Kewanna IN 46939
Steve Rude, 1505 Arrowhead Dr., Rochester IN 46975
Dr. William Worl, 3804 Nantucket Dr., Ft. Wayne IN 46815
Linda (Shidaker) Worl, 3804 Nantucket Dr., Ft. Wayne IN 46815
LuAnne (Adams) Phillips, 1343 Maplegrove Dr., Fairborn OH 45324
Mary Ruth (Anderson) Ingram, RR 1 Box 24, Rochester IN 46975
Jeanne (Brown) McKenzie, RR 5 700E, Columbia City IN 46725
Larry Carlson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary Ann (Chizum) Echardt, 2119 E. Main, Richmond IN 47374 [moved]
Bob Engle, RR 1 Box 393A, Kewanna IN 46939
Paul Garver, PO Box 2638 Mills, Casper WY 82601
Carol (Greer) Sheetz, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Eldon Grube, 1005 Wigwam Dr., Kokomo IN 46901
Linda (Klinefelter) Grube, 1709 West Blvd, Kokomo IN 46901
Carol (Larkin) Miller, 1730 George St., Logansport IN 46947
Dick McPherson, 7424 Tulane Ave, University City MO 63130
Dan Miller, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Sandra (Miller) Blume [get new address from Bob Miller]
George Walters, 718 Hooly Oak, Lewisville TX 75067
Bill Warfield, 2913 St Rd 109N Lot A5, Anderson IN 46012
Barry Worl, 787 Clear Lake Dr., Fremont IN 46737
Genelle (Zellers) Smoker, RR 1, Rochester IN 46975
Nedra (Zellers) Bahler, 21 Antler Dr., Warsaw IN 46580
Mary (Zuck) McMeeken, 838 Harrison St., Belding MI 48809
Jon Johnson [no address]
1960
Caryl (Saxton) Livengood, 33 KC Dr, Bastrop TX 78602
Karen (Baker) Good, Box 307, Kewanna IN 46939
Donna (Hunter) Rude, 1505 Arrowhead Dr., Rochester IN 46975
Devon Moore, Kewanna IN 46939
Judy (Bennett) Doyle, Apt 5, 1732 Coventry Rd, Cleveland Heights OH 44118 [moved]
Bonnie Boocher, PO Box 145, Kewanna IN 46939-0145
Jim Cohagen, 403 Lamp Lighters Lane, Monticello IN 47960
Alvah Crabb, 342 New Mark E tplande, Rockville MD 20850
Judy (Reinholt) Gruchala, 37 Lakeview Dr., Freeburg IL 62243
Susan (Turner) Paschen, RR 1 Box 15, Twelve Mile IN 46988
Frank Van Duyne, Box 126, Westville IL 61883
Tom Zuck, 7492 W. Reid Rd., Swartz Creek MI 48473
Dick Good, RR 3, c/o Logansport Airport, Logansport IN 46947
Jerry Hiland, 46712 W. Saquro, Glendale AZ 85304
Don Ingram, 157 Copeland Ct., Hubert NC 28539
Earl Latta, RR, Rochester IN 46975
Steve Ley, 135 W 91st St., Indianapolis IN 46260
Thom Livengood, RR 1 Box 45, Grovertown IN 46531
Edith (Luhnow) Bennett, 12726 Schaeffer Rd., Plano IL 60545
Robert Newgent, 1901-4 Fox Point Trail, Ft Wayne IN 46816
Carol (Rainey) Johnson, 6701 Muirfield Way, Indianapolis IN 46237
Donna Jean (Earp) [Call Clyde Earp, Kewanna]
Carol (Appleman) Walters Deceased
1961
Kay (Fisher) Koebcke, 1952 Galena Ct., Valparaiso IN
Alan Bitterling, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Paul Grube, R 4 Box 532, Rochester IN 46975
Richard Kumler, Box 26, LaFontaine IN 46940
Robert McKinney, 90017 Sheffler Rd., Elmira OR 97437
Lee Briney, Mentone IN 46539
Vivian (Brown) Hathaway, 608 N. Lindberg Dr., Warsaw IN 46580
Earl Clyde, RR 1 Box 21A, Lonsdale MN 55046
Robert Hoff, RR 1 Box 369, Woodstock NY 12498
Martha (Hubeny) Kurz, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Marlene (Landis) Bowman,Box 212, Burlington IN 46915
Vivian (Montz) Pesaresi, RR 4 Box 56, Winamac IN 46996
Larry Plummer, RR 2 Box 302, Lucerne IN 46950
Paul Rainey, 10607 S. Major Ave, Apt 15, Chicago IL 60415 [moved]
Spencer Schull, Box 683, Warsaw IN 46580
Janet (Smith) Arnold, 2007 Indian Creek Rd., Logansport IN 46947
Nancy (Troutman) Young [no address]
Terry Troutman, Kewanna IN 46939
Jean Ann (Urbin) Markle, 809 Marsha St., Kokomo IN 46901 [moved]
Jim Walters, 3706 Hickerson Lane, Texarkana TX 75503-2411
Karen (Whiteman) Rice, 7799 Holiday Dr. East, Indianapolis IN 46260
Cheryl (Worl) Alcantara, 2705-5 Northgate Blvd, Ft Wayne IN 46835
1962
Alberta (Wipperman) Moore, Kewanna IN 46939
Nancy (Walters) Kumler, Box 26, LaFontaine IN 46940
Bill Downhour, 2224 N. Berkley Rd., Kokomo IN 46901
Dr. Robert Burton, RR 2 Box 19A, Remington IN 47977
Maurice Cohagen, Kewanna IN 46939
Dan Corbett, 21 McKinley Blvd, Terre Haute IN 47803-1623
Marcia (Hizer) Campbell, 17527 Fairlawn Dr., Chagrin Falls OH 44022
Eric Johnston, 1422 Cleveland #B, Danville IL 61832-6555
Barbara (Lamborn) Woodward, 431 Kenilworth Rd., Kingsford Heights IN 46346
Nancy (Luhnow) Plummer, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Bernard C. Martin [no address]
Mary Nell (Masteller) Smith, Twelve Mile IN 46988
Ronald Miller, 1777 SE 15th St Apt 221, Ft Lauderdale FL 33316
Bruce Mills, 764 Dayton Dr., Carmel IN 46032
Tom Ness, 707 E 9th, Rochester IN 46975 [moved]
Becky (Shoemaker) Hershman [no address]
Marlene (Skinner) Bowers, Box 143, Hugo OK 74743
Dennis Smith, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Marilyn McColley Deceased
Kenny Troutman, RR 4, Logansport In 46947
Trudy (Troutman) Haney, RR 1 Box 329, Akron IN 46910
Jackie (Vigus) Brown, RR 6 Box 202, Frankfort IN 46041
Bill Walters, 810 N Oak Rd, Plymouth IN 46563-9884
1963
Marilyn (Appleman) Bitterling RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Pat (Pier) Grube, RR 4 Box 532, Rochester IN 46975
Betty (Newgent) McKinney, 90017 Sheffler Rd, Elmira OR 97437
Fred Luhnow, RR 3 Bx 21A, Kewanna IN 46939
Joyce (Anderson) Luhnow, RR 3 Box 21A, Kewanna IN 46939
Jim Bitterling, 700 W. Wakefield Dr., Bowling Green KY 42101
Dr. Richard Graffis, 4201 N. Washington Blvd., Indianapolis IN 46205
Bruce Baker, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Beth (Bayless) Olow, 403 N. Susan St., Santa Ana CA 92703
Richard Carlson, RR 2 Box 11, LaFontaine IN 46940
Carl Fogelsong, 711 Governor Rd., Valparaiso IN 46383
Marion Foust, RR 1 Box 253, Grovertown IN 46531 [moved]
John Gedcus, Monticello IN
Larry Geisler [no address]
Connie (Greer) Killingbeck, 857 Shady Ln., Traverse City MI 49684 [moved]
George Johnson, 73498 M-SI Hwy, Decatur MI 49045
Linda (Lincoln) Ness [no address]
Wayne McPherson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Barbara (Troutman) Pell, 412 N. Washington, Knightstown IN 46148 [moved]
Lillian (Montz Kolezar, RR 5 Gatewood C-4 Greenwood SC 29646
Betty (Hendrickson) Wier, Box 906, Harlem GA 30814
Barbara (Masteller) Wireman, 1704 Normandy Dr., Lafayette IN 47905
Tom Mitchell, 1333 Two Notch Rd, Aiken SC 29801
Judy Robbins, 955 Federal Blvd Denver CO 80204 [moved]
Robert Scott, 4208 Jory Trail, Las Vegas NV 89108-5207
Trudy (Shidaker) Cilek, 733 Center St., Crown Point IN 46307
Keith Troutman, RR 2 Box 8, Cicero IN 46034
Jane (Vigus) Wilson, Kewanna IN 46939
Jerry Emmons, 817 S. Webster, Kokomo IN 46901
1964
Kenan (Cook) Bitterling, 700 W Wakefield Dr, Bowling Green KY 42101-1453
Susan (Seidel) Graffis, 4201 N. Washington Blvd, Indianapolis IN 46205
David Miller, 1515 George St, Logansport IN 46947
John Newgent, c/o Rosetta Newgent, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Marigene (Troutman) Stone, 4304 Sand Piper Dr., Muncie IN 47304
Vicki (Evans) Hardin, RR 2, Box 178, Danville IN 46122
Sandra (Turner) Stevens, c/o Harvey Turner RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Kathleen (Ley) Taylor, RR 1 Box SW85, New Palestine IN 46163-9801
Dale Ness [no address]
George Hilficker, 7216 N. Thatcher Ave, Tampa FL 33614k
Jerry Kimble, Kewanna IN 46939
James McIntire, 401 Doraland Ave., Kingsford MI 49801
Myron Cohagen, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Betty (Wipperman) Ellison 129 W 5th St., Rochester IN 46975
Betty (Baldwin) Doty, Kewanna IN 46939
Sheila Gilliland, 1629 North St., Logansport IN 46947
Janice (Hattery) Agnew, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
John Brooks, 2601 S. Dr., Brookside Parkway, Indianapolis IN 46201
Wayne Lamb, 206 Arroya St., Del Rio TX 78840
Larry Eber, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Jerry Zuck, 3005 Timlin Ct RR 1, Demotte IN 46310
1965
Nick Klinefelter, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Bitterling [no address]
Linda Harper [no address]
Don Cochran Jr., Kewanna IN 46939
John Good, RR 2, Winamac IN 46996
Mike Hogan, Kewanna IN 46939
William Lamb, 1724 Babcock, Ft Wayne IN 46819
Mitchell Lotta, c/o Gen. Del., Burnettsville IN 47926
Alan McPherson c/o Pearl McPherson, Kewanna IN 46939
Curtis Menk [no address]
DeVon Overmyer Jr., RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
William Shull, 911 Offling Dr., McHenry IL 60050
M/Sgt. Phillip Smitley, RR 1 Box 110, Bunker Hill IN 46914
Sherri (Evans) Bowyer, 711 Castleton Dr., Greencastle IN 46135
Betty (Graffis) Brandenbuger, 6003 Highgate Place, Ft Wayne IN 46815
Vicky (Harper) Knickrehm, 302G Riverbend Apts., Logansport IN 46947
Laura (Hilficker) Jones, 1150 Hill St., Rochester IN 46975
Cynthia (Hunter) Biggs, RR 1 Box 167, Logansport IN 46947
Jane (Lord) McNeal, RR 2 Box 245, New Palestine IN 46163
Joan (Markley) Smith, RR 6 Box 993 A, Kokomo IN 46901
Sally Mastellar, 3822 Greenmont, So Bend IN 46628
Betty Ness, c/o Lillian Ness, 1116 Bancroft, Rochester IN 46975 [moved]
Penny (Skersick) Terrone, 1215 Main, Rochester IN 46975
Mary Lou (Wilson) Foerg, RR 1 Box 38B, Royal Center IN 46978
Ann (Zuck) Bauman, Kewanna IN 46939
Karen Martin, c/o Bernard Martin, Argos IN 46501
1966
Markeeta (Conrad) Klinefelter, Kewanna IN 46939
Phil Troutman, 1216 Fairview Dr., Quentin VA 23141
Dr. Thomas Troutman, 1402 Main St., Rochester IN 46975
Robert Hurley, 7562 Farmview Circle W, Indianapolis IN 46256
James Talbott Deceased
Marsha (Agnew) Tomerlin, 903S 975W, Hebron IN 46341
Stephen Byfield, RR 1 Box 363, Paoli IN 47454
Michelle Corbett, Kewanna IN 46939
Don Cowles, 1309 Rochester Blvd., Rochester IN 46975
Mark Deckard, Culver IN 46511
Susan (Donathen) Harmon, 215 S. Logan, Winamac INa 46996
Marvin Good, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jerry Granholm. 357 Old Country Rd., Hampton ME 04444
John Hott Jr., 1430 College Ave., Rochester IN 46975
Winston Johnston [no address]
Colleen (Koebecke) May, RR 1 Fortna Addition, Rochester IN 46975
Jerry Kreamer, 424 Magnolia Dr., Plainfield IN 46168
Jim Ley, 239 N. 8th Ave., Beech Grove IN 46107
Ronald McColley, RR 2 Timberline Estates, Frankfort IN 46041
Jeff Moore, 222 D Georgetown Dr., Casselberry FL 32707
Kenny Robbins, 2015 High St., Logansport IN 46947
John Seidel, 617 13th St NE, Owatonna MN 55060
Beverly (Smitley) Perry, 205 Sunnybrook Trail, Enon OH 45323-1846
James Stigall [no address]
Jane (Walters) Heath, 6344 Harrison, Hammond IN 46324
Richard Weller, 170 Country Club Dr., LaPorte IN 46350
John Vigus, 110 S 14th St, Lafayette IN 47905
1967
James Hott, RR 2 Box 206, Rochester IN 46975
Larry Baldwin, PO Box 333, Kewanna IN 46939
Terry Bayless, 1980 N Rd 575W, Bargersville IN 46106
Becky (Anderson) Lincoln, 6241 S Exeter Ct., So Bend IN 46614
Debbie (Besse) McGee, 1120 Bancroft, Rochester IN 46975
Richard Byfield, RR 1 Box 378, Winamac IN 46996
Luella (Burton) Hill, 7583 Margate Court 004, Manassas VA 22110
Karen Cochran, Kewanna IN 46939
John Agnew Jr., KewannaIN 46939
Carol (Clyde) Bauman, Kewanna IN 46939
Linda (Cogdill) Heinsen, 119 N. Monticello, Winamac IN 46996
Kent Cook, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Connie (Cowles) Overmyer, Kewanna IN 46939
Lora (Eber) Salek, 820 Pineapple Ave., Nokomis FL 33555
Carl Evans, c/o Lee Evans RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Brenda (Farris) Reinholt, Monterey IN 46960
Dorothy Finke, 646 Rivers Edge Ct., Mishawaka IN 46544-4173
Pat (Larkin) Foust, Leiters Ford IN. [moved]
Katrina (Hizer) Smith, 211 W 2nd St., Rochester IN 46975
Kathy (Hogan) Dees, 2516 S Watson, Vasalia CA 93274
Connie (Miller) Boocher, 731 Hawthorne Lane, Logansport IN
Bill Mitchell, RR 1 Box 23, Piney Hghts, Warrenville SC 29851-9702
Barbara Nickels, c/o Albert Nickels, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Dave Pinder, Kewanna IN 46939
Fred Plantz, 3627 8 Bluff Rd, Indianapolis IN 46217-3207
Beth (Reason) Deckard, 408 Gregory Ct., Lebanon OH 45036
Larry Robbins [no address]
Tim Troutman, c/o Omer Troutman, Kewanna IN 46939
Jill (Urbin) Leazenby, Box 283 No. Glen Village, Westfield IN 46074
Jack Urbin, Kewanna IN 46939
Sherri (Whiteman) Lett, Kewanna IN 46939
Mark Wilson, RR 6, Rochester IN 46975
Herbert Zellers, PO Box 203, Rochester IN 46975
Jim Weller, 3209 Ross Rd., Lafayette IN 47905
Bryan Utter [no address]
1968
Dinah (Gilliland) Downhour, 224 N. Berkley Rd., Kokomo IN 46901
Donna (Ortman) Miller, 1515 George St., Logansport IN 46947
Nedra (Hunter) Hurley, 7562 Farmview Circle W, Indianapolis IN 46256
Becky (Field) Hott, RR 2 Box 206, Rochester IN 46975
Charles Evans Jr., c/o Ruth Talbott, Kewanna IN 46939
Nancy (Corbett) Rentschler, 1234 Poplar, Abilene TX 79602 [moved]
Reynolds Evans, 415 W 9th, Rochester IN 46975
Susan Farris, 9 Cedar Blvd, Sparta TN 38483
Jim Fisher, 1228 Rochester Blvd, Rochester IN 46975
John Fisher, 2533 Indian Sage Way, Las Vegas Nev 89108
Jenny (Garner) Craig, 932 Garfield, Logansport IN 46947
Joan (Lamb) Gallager, c/o Marion Lamb RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Tom Overmyer, 4442 Bronson Blvd, Kalamazoo MI 49008
Kathy (Plantz) King, RR 1, Twelve Mile IN 46988
Ronald Powell, 4737 Nash, The Colonial TX 75056 [sic]
Gary Troutman, RR1 Box 433, Kewanna IN 46939
Randy (Weller) Wagoner, RR 7 Box 443, Rochester IN 46975
1969
Joy (Urbin) Troutman, 1402 Main St., Rochester IN 46975
Verlin Klinefelter Jr., Kewanna IN 46939
Sherilyn Skinner Deceased
Claudia (Besse) Winegardner, 1407 E. Broadway, Logansport IN 46947
Joe Briney, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Deb (Cessna) Davis, 8490 N. County Road 75E, W. Lafayette IN 47906
Jack Cochran, Kewanna IN 46939
Jane (Cogdill) Teeter, RR 2 Box 411, Winamac IN 46996
Linda (Emmons) Herrold, Apt 5,Fox Fire Square RR 7, Warsaw IN 46850
Dici (Evans) Miller, Box 066, Crosby TX 77532
Karla (Garner) DePue, 412 Decker Dr., Winamac IN 46996
Gordon Good, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Rick Harper, 5740 DuPont Ave So., Minneapolis Minn 55419
Rod Hattery [no address]
Susan (Hickle) Rouch, c/o Harold Hickle, RR 1, KewannaIN 46939
Diane (Hott) Sheetz, RR 2 Bos 156, Akron IN 46910
Barbara (James) Foster, RR 1 Box 172, Winamac IN 46996
Darlene Masunas, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Steve McColly, 928 Spy Run Rd North Apt B, Cmberland IN 46229
Dan Overmyer, 6140 Weld Co Rd So, Ft Collins CO 80525
Jon Rans, 1610 S. Jefferson, Muncie IN 47302
Gayle (Smith) Newton, R 3 Box 306B, Sheridan IN 46069
Eunice (Smitley) Urbin, Kewanna IN 46939
Janice (Smitley) Wentzel, Kewanna IN 46939
Tim Wentzel, Gordon Creek Dr., lHicksville OH 43526
Wendy (Hogan) Kelley, Box 67, 406 Sherman St., Battleground IN 47920
Rob Holloway [no address]

1970
Karen (Engle) Troutman, 1216 Fairview Dr., Quentin VA 23141
Linda (Talbott) Evans, c/o Ruth Talbott, Kewanna IN 46939
Judy (Wilson) Graham, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Dennis Goodman Deceased
Greg Agnew, RR 7 Box 172, Rochester IN 46975
Renee Boos, c/o Ed Boos, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939 [moved]
James Briney, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
Robert Clyde, Kewanna IN 46939
Greg Collins, Kewanna IN 46939
Carla (Conrad) Allen, Box 154, Monterey IN 46969
Larry Donathan, RR 9 Box 81, Warsaw IN 46580-9809
Janet (Evers) Yocum, RR 1 Box 21, Macy IN 46951
Thomas Foust, 4425 Potawatomi Pt Rd, Logansport IN 46947
Steve Fox, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Tom Garner, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Craig Gudeman, c/o Betty Gudeman, Kewanna IN 46939
David Hassenplug, 4329 Burnwood Pl, Woodburn IN 46797
Shirley Hoff, 716C Kelbourne Dr, Greenwood IN 46142
Linda (Hubeny) Martin, 5909 Furnas Rd, Indianapolis IN 46241
Phillip Hunter, 24 Arrowhead Dr., Crawfordsville IN 47933
Vicki (Jackson) Foudray, RR 3, Winchester IN 47394
Carolyn (James) Shafer, c/o Lawrence James RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Kathleen Masunas, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Karen (Morgan) Kersey [no address]
Janet (Musgrave) Elliot c/o Marilyn Musgrave, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Susan (Plantz) Keyser, RR 1 Box 209, Rochester IN 46975
Don Reason, c/o Beth Weller, Kewanna IN 46939
Linda (Robbins) Lind, 1506 Walnut St., RR 2 Box 7C, Sweetwater TX 79556
Jeff Skersick, 9655 20th By St., Norfolk VA 23518
Marcia (Skinner) Link, 601 N. Monticello, Winamac IN 46996
Sharon (Winter) Geller [no address]
Jerry Winter [no address]
Debra (Ginn) Straw, RR 2 Box 488, Winamac IN 46996
1971
Beverly (Browning) Baldwin, PO Box 333, Kewanna IN 46939
Dora Collins, Kewanna IN 46939
Jack Graham, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Joe Hott, Kewanna IN 46939
Richard Powell, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Neil Field, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Steve Baldwin, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Katrina (Cook) Carlisle, 4529 West Troy Ave., Indianapolis IN 46241
Dixi Evans, 329 Ft Worth Ave #17, Norfolk VA 23505
Gary Evers, 2550 Yeager Rd Apt 5-5, W. Lafayette IN 47906 [moved]
Peggy (Field) Frye, Kewanna IN 46939 [moved]
Debra (Gilliland) Niedzielski, 8565 Holden Rd, Forodo MI 49101
Gary Heiden, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Michael Heidorn, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Jan Hizer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Verl Kreamer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jane (Overmyer) Johnson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Jim Overmyer, 1638 12th St NW, Minot ND 58701
Rinda (Rude) Borders, PO Box 7 320 Narrow St, Winamac IN 46996
Twila (Shidler) Helvie, RR 6 Box 68, Logansport IN 46947
Don Weller, 1113 S. Delphos, Kokomo IN 46902
Becky (Wentzel) Slentz, RR 2 Box 169A, Butler IN 46721
1972
Nancy (Conrad) Klinefelter, Kewanna IN 46939
Les Brady, Kewanna IN 46939
Gwen (Clyde) Hott, Kewanna IN 46939
Mike Clyde, 4792 B Valley Dale Dr, Lilburn GA 30247
Ruth Ann (Briney) Nicholson, Lot 5 Santa Fe Lantern Hills Village, Mooresville IN 46158
[moved]
John Anderson RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Dan Hassenplug, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Lonnie Norris, 4604 Bavington Dr., Ft Wayne IN 46806 [moved]
Teri (Hamman) Lynch, 3941 SE 14th Place, Del City OK 73115 [moved]
Fonscene (Evans) Craft, RR 2, Rochester IN 46975
Eric Zuck, PO Box 676, Gulf Shores AL 36542
Mary Ann (Carlson) Locke Rt 4, Winamac IN 46996
Roy Briney, RR 4 Box 545, Rochester IN 46975-9386
Cindy (Fisher) Young, RR 4, Winamac IN 46996
Jonathen Mastellar, 305 Spear St., Logansport IN 46947
Diane (Evers) Kreamer, 2437 Hideway So Dr, Indianapolis IN 46268
Gene Ley, 1009 West LaPorte St., Plymouth IN 46563
Linda (Hogan) Pederer, RR 2 Box 195, Wlcott IN 47995
Tom Hickle, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Vicki (Fair) McIntire, 505 W. Lafayette, Knox IN 46534
Steve Perkins, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Kay (Stallard) Markley, RR 2 Box 109, Rochester IN 46975
Steve Musgrave, Kewanna IN 46939
Ron Browning, Box 336, Star City IN 46985
Sandy (McGowan) Ginn
Gary Ginn, Box 4636 Lancaster CA 93539
1973
Claire (Chaibonneau) Newgent, c/o Rosetta Newgent, Kewanna IN 46939
Darrel Bangel, RR 3 Box 333, Rochester IN 46975
David Besse Jr., 1401 Wabash St.,Rochester IN 46975
Bob Cowles, 824 N. Monticello, Winamac IN 46996
Tim Cogdill, 816 W. Montanna Ave, Milwaukee Wis 53215
Steve Easterday, 7711 Sunblest Blvd, Noblesville IN 46060-5821
Linda (Field) Good, c/o Gerald Field, RR 2, Kewanna INa 46939
Don Fisher, 2530 Derbyshire Ct, Lafayette IN 47906
Penny (Frost) Keyser, Kewanna IN 46939
Rebecca Gudeman, 1540 E. Canfield Apt 26, Anaheim CA 92805
Vicky (Garner) Scantlen 540 E. Main, Warsaw IN 46580
Carol (Frye) Colvin, Kewanna IN 46939
Victor Heiden RR 1 Box 45, Crossland Reservation, Larwill IN 46764
Norma Heidorn, Waldon Apts, Kessler Ave 3662 Nobscot Ct # 3B, Indianapolis IN 46222
[moved]
Connie (Norris) Sheets, RR 2 Box 166, Portland IN 47371
Cress Hizer, PO Box 127, Monterey IN 46960
Cathy (Summers) Cogdill, 1524 N. Purdum, Kokomo IN 46901
Susan (Overmyer) Stewart, 187 E 250 S, Valparaiso IN 46383
Roger Wentzel, c/o Covert Wentzel, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Martie (Brady) Collins, Kewanna IN 46939
Chuck Baldwin, Kewanna IN 46939
Don Plantz, Kewanna IN 46939
David Boocher [no address]
Mark Anderson c/o Beverly Lampkin, RR 5 Box 25, Plymouth IN 46563
Nancy (Clyde) Luketich, 3828 Jewett St, Highland IN 46322-2240
Kim (Cessna) Feece, c/o Bill Cessna, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Kim (Colvin) Foerg, 718 N. Agnew, Winamac IN 46996
Greg Corbett, c/o Maurice Corbett, Kewanna IN 46939
Sandi (Fair) Roark, RR 3 Box 285, Rochester IN 46975-9472
Mark Field, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mike Hamman, 1621 E. Broadway Logansport IN 46947-3262
Jim DeWitt, c/o Gene DeWitt, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
James Hickle, Kewanna IN 46939
Mike Kupke, 615 Westwood Dr, Michigan City IN 46360
Alice (Hogan) White, 1016 N. Hathaway, Winamac IN 46996
Mike Hubeny, c/o Bob Hubeny, RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Kenneth Musgrave, c/o Marilyn Musgrave, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Gary Ousley, RR 3 Box 932P, Knox IN 46534
Mark Moore, 4907 Cleveland Ave, Stevensville MI 49127
Chris Prillman, 6817 Chauncey Dr., Indianapolis IN 46241
Rev. David Smitley, Box 151, Fowlerton IN 46930
Kevin Whiteman, Kewanna IN 46939
Tom Wilson, 52789 Leo St., Granger IN 46530
Lona Howdeshell, PO Box 651, Topeka IN 46571--651
1975
Linda (Frye) Brady, Kewanna IN 46939
John Mollencupp, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mark Hall, Kewanna IN 46939
Kathy (Hickle) Patty, RR 4 Box 9, Logansport IN 46947
Tim Blue [no address]
Jo Anne Kimble, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Linda (Reason) Tufts, 329 Summit St, Lebanon OH 45036-1947
Gary House, c/o Alice House, Kewanna IN 46939
Penny (Coleman) Wilburn, PO Box 903, Kewanna IN 46939 [moved]
Mike Gilliland, 528 Clayton, Rochester IN 46975
James Cogdill, 302 West, Winamac IN 46996
Joe Rude, RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Kathy (Smith) Harrold, 10850 Rd 110W, Argos IN 46501
Jeff Hoffman, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
David Gudeman, 130 W. 9th Apt A., Rochester IN 46975
Vern Biber, Box 123, Fulton IN 46931
Deborah Rogers, Kewanna IN 46939 [no card]
Jeff Frye, Kewanna IN 46939 [moved]
Sharon Winters 317 West 8th, Rochester IN 46975
Danny Winter, 317 West 8th, Rochester IN 46975
Karen (Plantz) Field, RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Linda Bangel, 3135 Greenspire Apt 5, Portage MI 49002
Cindy (Hinderlider) Bowyer, Kewanna IN 46939
Mike Decker RR 2 Box 207 E, Worthington IN 47471
1976
Brenda (Ousley) Whiteman, Kewanna IN 46939
Dave Briney, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Lisa (Hall) Plantz, Kewanna IN 46939
Jan (Cessna) Bruce, 919 S 300 E, Layton UT 84041
Kelly (Newman) Field, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Nancy (Talbott) Bowyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Louis Bangel, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mark Brown, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary (Browning) Schnitz, 1214 Elm, Rochester IN 46975
Dan Bruce, c/o Tom Hickle, RR 1, KewannaIN 46939
Wade Bussert, RR 2 Box 656-C, Beaufort NC 28516
Andy Cochran, Kewanna IN 46939
Kathy (Engle) Kindred, 632 Forrest Dr, Bloomfield IN 47424
Barb (DeWitt) Ewing, 607 S. Market, Winamac IN 46996
Bill Evers, Kewanna IN 46939
Tammy (Evans) Heckt, 301 N. Thompson, Bourbon IN 46504
Jean (Field) Gray, RR 2, Star City IN 46985 [moved]
Scott Hamman, c/o Ron Hamman, Kewanna IN 46939
Mike Hott, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975 [moved]
Janice (Hogan) Smith, Box 128, Kewanna IN 46939
Martha Mesteller, c/o Louise Masteller, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mark Alan Musgrave, c/o Marilyn Musgrave, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Rick Newcomber, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Sandi (Prillman) Westfall, RR 1, Reynolds IN 47980
Chris Seheer, Apt 2148 1803 E Anderson Lane, Austin TX 78752 [moved]
Christy (Wentzel) Stopa, 400 S.L Apt 7, McAllen TX 78501
1977
Tami (Baldwin) Powell, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Barb (Bartram) Baldwin, Kewanna IN 46939
Celinda (Surette) Briney, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Tim Bruce, 919 S 300 E, Layton UT 84041
Lorna (Fox) Mollencupp, RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Kip Cook, 220 S Center St, Bremen IN 46506-1629
John Frasa, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Kelsa (DeWitt) McCray, 707 Jackson Heights Rd, Plymouth IN 46563-3141
David Evers, c/o Leonard Evers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Sheila (Johnson) Seidel,Winamac IN 46996
DElores (MacLain) Croxton, Box 154, Taylorsville KY 40071
Vicki Mollencupp, c/o Ed Mollencupp, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Donald Newgent, c/o Rosetta Newgent RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Claudia (Weller) Davis, 8015 Dove Flight, San Antonio TX 78250
Kim (Smith) Hoover, RR 1 Box 21, Kewanna IN 46996
Glenda (Carlson) Urbin, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Ricky Eastwood, WeWa Trailer Park, RR 6 Lot 15, Panama City FL 32404
1978
Jay Cunningham, Kewanna IN 46939
Kevin Hinderlider, Kewanna IN 46939
Sandy (Field) Sutton, RR 1, Kewanna INa 46939
Tim Bowyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Bruce Bangel, 8736 E. Troy Ave., Indianapolis IN 46239
Donald Bennett, 600 S Oak St, Fortville INa 46040
Tim Carlson, Pearl & Toner, Kewanna IN 46939
Eric Colvin, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Faith (Pratt) Cogdill, c/o Mary Pratt Box 114, Burnettsville IN 47962
Jon Donathen, 1016 Franklin, Rochester IN 46975
Robert Evers, 537 W 1 Ave, Mesa AZ 85202
Susan (Frasa) Hilton, RR 3, Star City IN 46985
Russell French, Box 247, Kewanna IN 46939
Kelly Good, Box 307, Kewanna IN 46939
Dawn (Green) Harding, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Donna (Johnson) Dugan, RR 6 Box 81, Rochester IN 46975
Tim Wilson, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Darla (Wolfe) Ross, 408 Shultz St., Logansport IN 46947-4739
Leo Hudkins, c/o Hugh Hudkins, RR 1 Box 306, Kewanna IN 46939
1979
Judy (DeWitt) Hall, Kewanna IN 46939
Jim Bruce, 641 W. Thomas Apt 119, Phoenix AZ 85033
Pam (Bartram) Evers, Mrs. Bill Evers, Kewanna IN 46939
Deana (Baldwin) Thomas, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Julia Brown, Box 41, Kewanna IN 46939
Tony Cochran, Kewanna IN 46939
Stephanie (Dimmock) Hinderlider [no address]
Bryan Estes [no address]
Richard Evers, c/o Leonard Evers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Jeff Hubeny, c/o Bob Hubeny RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Steve MacLain, Kewanna IN 46939
Eleanor Minix, Kewanna IN 46939
James Pearsy, 305 Elm Rd, Southern Hills Lot D-38, Killeen TX 76541 [moved]
Bryan Prillman, 6817 Chauncey Dr., Indianapolis IN 46241
Ginny (Warfield) Stevens, RR 3, Kewanna INa 46939
Kenneth Swafford, Box 282, Kewanna IN 46939
David Talbott, Kewanna IN 46939
David Whiteman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Ann (Wilson) Michael, 1427 Iron Trails West, Indianapolis IN 46234
David Woods III, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Dave Field, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Lisa (Harris) Field, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Sutton, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Shelly Cornelius [no address]
Rodney Hall, 1115 Monroe St., Rochester IN 46939
Felicia (Hudkins) Carpenter, c/o Hugh Hudkins, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Tonya (Hartwick) Bartram, Glenda Dr., Apt 132, Beaufort NC 28516 [moved]
Julie (Markley) Birge, Kewanna IN 46939
Floyd Mollencupp, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Merrill Millow [no address]
Nola (Personett) Hines, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Scott Sopher, c/o Charles Sopher, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Diana Swafford, c/o Howard Swafford, Box 282, Kewanna IN 46939
Roger Vogel, c/o Jacqueline Heindenrich, Kewanna IN 46939
Phillip Watterson, c/o Carol Maddox, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939 (Dennis) [sic]
Donna (Woods) Newman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
1981
Karen (Woolington) Cunningham, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary (Bennett) Hinderlider, Kewanna IN 46939
Lori (Morgan) Bruce, 641 W. Thomas, Apt 119, Phoenix AZ 85033
Tracy Bonnell, Kewanna IN 46939
Dave Bowyer, c/o Tim Bowyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Wilma DeWitt, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Gale Field, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Jerry Frasa, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Michele Franch Kewanna IN 46939
Anita Fox, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Rhonda Hoff, Kewanna IN 46939
Malcom Howdeshell, PO Bos 651, Topeka IN 46571-0651
Chris (Hurley) Tunis, RR 2 Box 247, Macy IN 46951
Cheryl (James) Easterday, RR 4 Box 251, Rochester IN 46975
Richard Kowel [no address]
Wayne Looker [no address]
Lorrie Montz, 7019 Patrick Place Apt C, Castleton Arms Apts., Indianapolis IN 46256
Christina (Montz) Mace, 7019 Patrick Place Apt C, Castleton Arms Apts, Indianapolis IN
46256
John Sharp [no address]
Daniel Sheets [no address]
Dawn (Reichard) Wolfe, RR 2, Kewanna IN 46939
Sharon Weller, l7606 Pipers Lane, San Antonio TX 78251
1982
Mary (Harris) James, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Jeff Markley, c/o Evelyn Markley, Box 411, Kewanna IN 46939
Cincy Carlson, 3908 Taylor, Apt 35, Ft Wayne IN 46804
Doug Whiteman, c/o Ken Whiteman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Mary Smith [no address]
Mark Howdeshell, Kewanna IN 46939
Angie Gudeman, c/o Betty Gudeman, Kewanna IN 46939
Tim Cornelius [no address]
Nancy Frasa, Kewanna IN 46939
Jeff Good, International Village Apt 408, 2725 Embassy Way, Speedway IN 46224
Carol Wentzel, c/o Cover Wentzel, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Brian Evers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Tim Mikesell, Kewanna IN 46939
Jeff Milliman, 19525 Auten Rd., So Bend IN 46637

Stacy (Personett) Pearl, c/o Mary Personett, Kewanna IN 46939
Dale Green, c/o Richard Green, Kewanna IN 46939
Theresa Frasa, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Kim (Anderson) Evers [no address]
Robin (Bartram) Whiteman, c/o Ken Whiteman, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Carol (MacLain) Basham, RR 1 Box 167, Hudson KY 40145
Jim Brown, Kewanna IN 46939
Todd Mikesell, Kewanna IN 46939
[Kewanna High School Alumni Association]
See Kewanna School.

KING SCHOOL [#1] [Newcastle Township]
Located SW corner of 375E and 700N.
Built before 1876.
__________

[photo] King School 1916-17. Row 1: Charley Stockberger, Paul Umbaugh, Leon Kesler, Charley Green. Row 2: Esther Umbaugh, Melvin Sullivan, Gailys Irwin, Addie Green, Gladys Irwin, Ignota Ailer, Lucille Collins, Kenley Welch, Carrie Elma Green, John Irwin. Row 3: John Umbaugh, Audry Welch, Reathel Ailer, Cleo Levall, Rudy Green, Arlie Dudgeon, Eva DeWald; Eloise Irwin - teacher; Leon Long.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 25, p. 8]
__________

King School by Truman Long and Carrie Overmyer:
Truman Long's first recollection of King School (at the intersection of county road 700N and 375E) was in October 1900. "In those years the school term was six months, October through March with two days vacation at Thanksgiving and five days at Christmas.
"The building was a frame structure painted a drab color and we could not wander from the playground as the only bell was a small hand bell which was kept on the teacher's desk. Our drinking water was carried from a near-by farmhouse in a 12 quart pail and everyone drank from a tin cup. Ugh! The germs! but we must have been tougher than the germs for somehow we grew to adulthood.
"My first teacher was Roy Jones who became ill and the term was completed by John Haimbaugh who walked each day from his home at Chippewanook where the Haimbaugh round barn is located. As I remember David Swonger was trustee.
"Other teachers were Nora Perschbacher, Lee Reed, Elmer Sullivan, Lela McCoy, Eva Grass, Eloise Irwin and Dee Fultz
"One incident stands out in my memory and that is the day the schoolhouse caught on fire from an over-heated chimney. There were no telephones but somehow help was summoned and the building was saved, much against the wishes of many of the students," concluded Mr. Long.
Carrie Elma Green Overmyer remembers Nora Umbaugh as a teacher at King school. She also recalls one time the boys killed a snake and coiled it on the seat of the girls' outhouse and scared the girls! The school was on the Nicholas King farm, hence the name. It was disbanded in 1917 and sold to Alice Perxchbacher and used as a storage shed, according to Mrs. Overmyer.
Dee Fultz, last teacher at King school, recalls that the school was closed and the students transferred to the consolidated school in Talma during February or March of 1918.
(Editor's note: King school was built before 1876 as it is listed in the 1876 Atlas. The exact date is not known.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 25, p. 9]

Mr. T. J. McClary, the teacher of King's school, passes through our village every two weeks and always haults at Mrs. Ralstin's . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 25, 1873]

The number at the debate at King's last Monday evening, was truly great; they came a foot, and in wagons and on horseback. . . impossible for all to get in the room. The debate was opened by T. J. Robbins, followed by T. J. McClary . . . "Should Chinese emigration be tolerated by the American people."
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, February 5, 1874]

Signor F. P. Bitters, teacher at King's school house in Newcastle township, also conducts a class in vocal music, on Wednesday and Saturday evenings.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, February 12, 1875]

Teachers: John Haimbaugh, about 1905.

LAKE BRUCE SCHOOL [#2] [Union Township]
Located SW corner of 1050W and 50N.
Built before 1876.
Also known as Carter School.
__________

[photo] Lake Bruce School 1886. Row 1: 2nd from left - Lettie Hunneshagen. Row 2: 1. Albert Smith, 3. Oliver Smith, 8. Norma Hudkins, next to last: Eugene Hunneshagen. (Photo: Helen Smith Anderson, niece of Albert Smith)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 45, p. 64 - correction FCHS Quarterly No. 48, p. 91]

[photo] Map of Lake Bruce School, flanked by two churches 1918-27. Drawn by Sanford Showley, 1923 Stone Lake Drive, LaPorte, IN 46350.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 55]

[photo] Lake Bruce School 1924. Front Row (seated on ground): Raymond Trapp, Melvin Fisher, Donald Fansler, Philip Anderson, Lester Trapp, Harold Kistler, Delbert Zellers, Marvin (Pete) Kistler, Sammy Overmyer. Row 2: Dorothy Showley, Helen Slaugherbach, Lera Anderson, Evelyn Carr, Goldie Baldwin, Ruby Fisher, Lavon Hanson, Helen Carr, Laphon Fisher, Nina Edlin. Row 3: Raymond Carr, Robert Fisher, Lester (Tutsie) Fansler, Vera Singer, Opel Hulbert, Ruth Huey, Ruby Wentzel, Emma Fansler, Ruth Edlin, Dorothy Moon, and Sanford Showley. Row 4: Forrest Kistler, Virgil Hendricks, Richard (Buck) Fansler, Phillip Singer, John Dellinger, Lewis Hulbert, and Emmanuel Kistler. Back Row: Alma Edlin, Ralph Johnston - teacher, Helen Moon. (Photo: Rev. C. Samuel Overmyer and Sanford Showley).
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 46]

LAKE BRUCE SCHOOL
By Dorothy Showley Neff
As a child I looked forward to the time I could join the group of neighborhood children heading off for school in the fall. Under the protective care of my older brother, Sanford, this day finally arrived.
The beginning school year for me was in 1924-25. Sanford and I took a short cut walking along the railroad tracks and then through the countryside for a distance of about two miles to the one-room brick Lake Bruce School. There we were joined by classmates in grades one through eight with Mr. Ralph Johnston as our teacher.
Mr. Johnston kept a well-ordered classroom and was liked by his students. In 1925-26 Mr. Thomas Reed was our teacher. Then, for the following two years (1926-27, 1927-28) Mr. Johnston resumed teaching at the Lake Bruce School. I cannot recall exactly this arrangement, but my report cards for those four years indicate this. We had modern conveniences: central heat provided by a pot-bellied stove; air-conditioning when the door and windows were open; and running water (one of the students would run out to the pump to fill the bucket of water and then run back in).
During my four years, the curriculum consisted of just the basics - reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling, history, and grammar.
Those were happy days. To symbolize how much I enjoyed school, I have a treasured Roll of Honor certificate for my first year in school that reveals I was neither tardy nor absent during the period of 160 days. The document was signed by Ralph Johnston, teacher, and T. F. Berry, Supt. of Fulton County.
Recess time was a very special time. There wasn't any fancy playground equipment - just lots of imagination and ingenuity to manufacture our own activities. We never ran out of something to do. Hide-and-seek, softball, tag, red light, and other games provided fun and laughter. In the winter an icy pond nearby in the woods became a skating, sliding haven.
The accompanying picture shows an unsmiling group unlike my memories of those years. Perhaps we weren't supposed to smile for picture-taking in that era. I'm sure that, if the others in the picture shared their memories of those days, they would smilingly recall happy days too.
Beginning in the year of 1928-29 we joined the way of a lot of other one-room schools with students bussed to the consolidated school at Kewanna where we continued and many of us completed our 12 years of schooling. Lloyd Overmyer (Sam's father) drove the bus that took us to Kewanna School.
(Editor's note: Teachers ahead of this period included Florence Steinke Brown and Nellie Walch.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp 53-54]

LAKE BRUCE SCHOOL
By Sanford Showley
Lake Bruce School was located on the west side of county road 1050W between two churches and a cemetery. To the south was the Evangelical church, a wood building. To the north was the Lutheran Church, a brick building. The cemetery, on land donated by Silas Smith, was to the west of the school. Silas Smith lived south of the cemetery.
Lake Bruce was west of the school about one mile and Bruce Lake Station (a railroad station and small town) was east of the school about one mile. Lake Bruce was also known as Bay Station on the C & O Railroad, while Bruce Lake Station was on the Penn Central Railroad.
We had a basketball court on the south side of the school. The toilets were to the back (west) the boys' to the south and the girls' to the north. In front (east) of the girls' toilet was the coal and wood shed. The well was between the school and the road, north of the school door.
There was a big apple tree south of the Evangelical Church. We ate apples from this tree and found morel mushrooms under it and in the woods across the road. There was a corn crib across the road from the Evangelical Church, and we had corn cob fights with cobs from this crib. There was a pond in the woods where we skated. We ate wild grapes and gathered hazel nuts, hickory nuts and black walnuts in the woods. There were wild grape vines and hazel nut bushes along the fence by the Lutheran Church.
Both churches are gone now, and the site of the Evangelical Church and the school is all cemetery now. At that time the Evangelical Church was still being used, but the Lutheran Church was empty and we played basketball in it.
Lake Bruce School was heated by a big iron stove burning wood or coal. There was a return air duct made of wood and tin in the crawl space under the school. The building was made of brick and stone, and had a slate roof. There were windows on the back (west) side only. The well would freeze in the winter and we had to get fire to thaw it. The well had a hole in the ground about five feet deep and boxed in with wood. The valve in the cylinder was about four feet down. When the well pipe froze, we would use paper and wood and coal oil for a fire around the pipe to thaw it.
My first teacher was Ralph Johnston 1918-27.
There were eight rows of seats, and each row was a grade. The teacher would teach one row at a time. There were two coat rooms.
The hack driver was Charles E. Showley, my father. He drove two horses and the hack had a coal oil heater. Dad would take the kids to school, unhitch the team and hitch them to a wagon load of wood, take it to Kewanna to sell it. He would return to the woods across the road from the school and get another load, return to school, unhitch, hitch to the hack and take the kids home. He repeated this each day. He wore a bear-skin coat, felt boots in rubber boots, fur hat, and fur gloves.
We played Fox and Geese in the snow. First we would draw a big circle in the snow with a smaller circle inside it. The fox would be a child in the center of the circle and the rest of the children were geese on the outside rings. The fox would try to catch them, but could not cross over except on the paths drawn in the snow connecting the circles.
Other games we played were basketball, softball, kick the wicket or stick, and post office. Games I recall were refereed by DeForrest Showley. Score: Lake Bruce 11, Jubilee 10. Lake Bruce 14, Bruce Lake Station 11. We had two girl guards, Lera Anderson and Dorthy Moon.
Other pupils were Gilbert Fansler, Ruby Wentzel, Devon Overmyer and brother, Richard Fansler, Ruth Huey, Philip Singer, Sanford Showley, Ruth Edlin and sister, Art Fansler, Philip Anderson, John Dellinger, Art Anderson, Forest Kistler, Virgil Hendricks.
One time the teacher asked, "How did Columbus discover America?" Gilbert Fansler answered, "Horseback."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp 54-57]

LAKE BRUCE SCHOOL
By Rev. Sam Overmyer
My first grade of school was at the Lake Bruce School. I attended there four years. The teacher was Ralph Johnston, who taught all eight grades, 39 students. In the one-room school, the first grade was on the east row of desks and continued by grades with the eighth grade along the windows on the west side. The seats faced the north with the teacher's desk in front and the large pot-bellied stove at the back and well-used black boards front and rear. The rest rooms were the little houses outside and to the back of the school. Our water came from the old pump in front of the school.
Mr. Johnston was an excellent teacher and maintained strict disciline. A well-used paddle was kept above the door leading to the cloak room where often the paddle was applied. For disobedience one afternoon, Mr. Johnston paddled all the school except eight of the younger children.
As with all children, recess was our favorite part of school. The white church south of the school served as our back stop for baseball and the abandoned window-less brick church several feet north of the school on the corner served as our unofficial gym. Our basketball team played outdoors. Two girls, Lera Anderson and Dorothy Moon, played on the team which beat the rival team, Bruce Lake Station School. The basketball was an out-seamed ball.
Our favorite games were draw base, shinny, and Andy-over. In the winter, we played fox and geese, skated on the pond in the woods and sledded down the hill back of the cemetery. Mr. Johnston would call us from recess by putting his fingers to his mouth and whistling a shrill sound. One day on purpose, we did not come back until the school bus came. We paid the price for our fun the next day. Another day, our teacher was tired and laid his head on the desk and went to sleep. We kept very quiet and he did not awaken until the bus came.
Our first school hack was home made and horse drawn; Charles Showley drove one and Steve Fansler the other. Steve pulled his by two mules, Jack and Sally. Later Rev. James Kistler had Lloyd Overmyer build a school bus in the garage. The front end was a four cylinder Buick car and the rear end was a Model T truck. The brakes were poor but the bus never moved very fast. The bus was heated by the exhaust pipe running down the center. There was a bench down the center and the seats along the side facing in. During warm weather, we often walked the three miles to and from school.
We had a lot of fun at the old one-room school but we learned our three R's well. Alma Edlin had the county's highest grade average in the eighth grade and made the highest grade on the Fulton County test.
In the fifth grade, 1928, we joined in the consolidation of the one-room schools and went to Kewanna School. We were able to hold our own in our studies at the consolidates school.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp 57-58]
__________

Miss Wright [has charge of] Bruces Lake School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1873]
Nov. 14, 1921, Kewanna Herald: "Miss Florence Steinke, teacher at the Bruce Lake School announces that a Box and Pie Social will be given at that school Tuesday night, Nov.15th."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 45, p. 60]

1929-30: Enrol. (1-8) 18. Thomas Reed, (1-8) 18.
1930-31: Enrol (1-8) 7. Florence Long, (Com. 1-8) 7.
1931-32: Com. 1-8. (Discontinued)
[F.C.H.S. files]

Teachers: John Haimbaugh

LAKE SCHOOL [#7] [Liberty Township]
Located NE corner 200E and 700S.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Inside South Mud Lake School 1905-06. Front: teacher Fannie Walters (later married Maurice Lowman of Fulton) and Ralph Carson. Back: Mina Crispen, Leslie Carson, Essie Redd Baker, Mary Redd McDougle, Omer Richardson, Cora Kile-Woods Hedges, Buelah Curtis Fouts Elkins (10 years old). (Photo from Buelah Elkins.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 22, p. 13]

[photo] Mud Lake School is in the background as John Robbins drives his horse "Kate" and buggy up the lane to his house about 1920. Baby Florence Dawald Miller is on her grandmother Robbins' lap. Robbins had lived in the cabin donated by Miller Ault for Bicntennial log cabin. (Photo: Flo Miller).
[photo] S. C. Calloway (left) and John Dawald gaze at the remains of Mud Lake School after it burned about 1940. (Photo: Flo Dawald Miller]
[photo] South Mud Lake School Feb. 26, 1907. Front: Ralph Carson. Back: Omer Richardson, Mina Crispen, Homer Gorman, Essie Redd Baker, Cora Kile-Woods Hedges, Dr. Bert Kent - teacher, Homer Crispen, Buelah Curtis Fouts Elkins, Leslie Carson, Sylvia Koffel Conn. (Photo: Buelah Elkins]
[FCHS Quarterly No. 22, p. 14]
__________

MUD LAKE SCHOOL
By Lois Wagoner
Lake school was located on the northeast corner of 700S and 200E in Liberty township, one mile west of South Mud Lake. It was built after 1883, as it does not appear in the 1883 Atlas.
Mrs.Beulah Curtis Fouts Elkins recalls attending there 1903-07. The school was closed and she went to Frears school in the 1907 fall term. Teachers were Catherine King 1903-04, Gertrude Reed Doud 1904 (got sick and couldn't finish the year), Edith Bookwalter 1905 (finished the year for Gertrude Reed), Fannie Walters Lowman, and Bert Kent. Students she recalls were Essie Reed Baker, Mary Reed McDougle, Mina Crispen, Homer Crispen, Ralph Gorman, Cora Richardson DuBois, Omer Richardson, Cora Wood Hedges, Ralph Sheetz, Elmer Sheetz, Russel Sampsel, John Sunday, Orville Quick, and Carl Quick.
Pupils could attend any school in the neighborhood, if they didn't like the teacher or for any other reason.
Mrs. Bertha Thompson Green wrote in her diary:
"Nov. 1, 1892, went to a basket supper at Frears school.
"Nov. 4, a basket supper at the new school.
"Nov. 9, a basket supper at Frear school, I won the quarter out of the cake. Charles ate with Ella Eber, Effie Thompson ate with Bert Abbott, Clara Thompson ate with Irvin Clemans, Ernest Green ate with Mrs. Ben Berry and I ate with Charlie Hower. Had a nice time. Took in $13.60.
"Nov. 18, went to a basket supper at the Lake school.
"Dec. 10, a basket supper at No. 11 school.
"Dec. 12, had an oyster supper at Collins school."
I think this proves that young people had a lot of social activities then too.
Mrs. Alta Heckathorne Olmsted recalls that Minnie Wagoner and John Zook taught at Lake school too. Other pupils were Edna Heckathorne Pratt, Alta Heckathorne Olmsted, Bessie Sunday, Eva House, Walter House, Sylvia McCarter, Ed Sayger, Iva Sayger, Elvie Baker, Veronica Carter, Elnora Carter, and Warren McMillen. The county superintendent was W. S. Gibbons 1897-1903 and the Liberty Township trustee was Richard M. Reed 1902-03.
The land reverted back to the Schuyler Calloway farm after the school closed. John Dawald used the building to store machinery in until lightning struck and burned the building about 1920.
__________

J. A. Howland expects to begin a six months' term at the Lake school, on the first Monday in October. . . for those who wish to teach during the coming winter . . . Mr. Howland is amply qualified to give instructions, having been a teacher for more than forty years. [QUERY: Is this the correct Lake School? - WCT]
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 19, 1871]

A fight took place at the Lake school house between two young men, Phips and Mathews, recently . . . bloody noses . . . [QUERY: Is this the correct Lake School? - WCT]
[Georgetown News, Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, August 14, 1873]

Miss McCoy is elected teacher of the Lake school, which will commence December 17th.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, November 19, 1874]

LAKE SCHOOL [#7] [Wayne Township]
Located between 500W and 600W on N side of 950S.
Built before 1876, abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
Also known as Frogtown School.
__________

[photo] Lake School, District no. 8, Wayne Township, 1913-14. Front row: LeRoy Cummings, Marvin Rife, unknown, Mack Barnett, Nettie Gilson, Lucile Cummings, Lucile Hower.
Row 2: Newell Rife, Lee Bechtold, Fern Hower, Nina Barnett, Blanch Graham, Birdenia Alber, Winnifred Alber.
Back row: Janita Alber, Susie McLochlin, Richard Elliot, Thurman Cox, Altha Cox, Wilma Graham, Mary Barnett.
Teacher: Earl Rouch.
(Photo donated to FCHS by Mr. Lloyd Rouch in 1973)
[FCHS Images No. 3, p. 107]

School District No. 7, Wayne Township Report [shows 30 pupils enrolled] . . . Ed. F. Chinn, Teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, March 20, 1873]

The Marshtown school opens on April 6th, with Miss McGraw as teacher. The Lake school opens on the same day, with Miss Jennie Egman as teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, March 26, 1874]

Mr. A. F. Stukey, who teaches the Lake School, has been for a few days too sick to attend to his duties in the school room. His brother, R. J. Stukey, however, has charge during his sickness. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 10, 1877]

School No. 7 is taught by R. B. Minton, who makes discipline one of his specialties. . . [QUERY: Is this the correct school? -WCT]
The Lake school is taught by Miss Bainter, who, we believe, is giving pretty general satisfaction in her district.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 24, 1877]

LAKEVIEW SCHOOL [Newcastle Township]
Located SE corner of 800E and 300N. One-room school
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Lakeview school 1910, just east of Mud Lake. The corner used to be called Pucky Huddle and Wall street. Row 1: Sena Trout Drudge, Cleo Drudge, Eva Landis. Row 2: Loy Sheetz, Namen Nelson, Joe Peterson. Row 3: Edith Miller Drudge, Boyd Peterson, Estel Sheetz, Goldy O'Connell, Dan Nelson, Marie Dawson Drudge. Row 4; Teacher Edith Heeter; Lee Nelson, Wilson Drudge. (Photo: Cleo Drudge)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 24, p. 28]

[photo] Lakeview school 1904-05. Row 1: Don Nelson, Wilson Drudge, Goldie Bryant, Marie Drudge, Edith Drudge, Estie Sheeta, Boyd Peterson, Celie Bryant, Olive Drudge, Fay Thompson, Merle Enoch, Ruth Peterson, Omar Barr Drudge, Willie Bryant, Ransford Peterson. Row 2: Alfred Bryant, Elma Thornburg, Maud Drudge, Bertha Bryant, Thad Nelson, Max Thompson, Mary Peterson, Grace Bright, Leona Bryant; Dow Haimbaugh - teacher. Row 3: Clarence Peterson, Clarence Nelson. (Photo: Dow Haimbaugh)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 24, p. 29]
__________

Lakeview School by Dow Haimbaugh:
Located on the southeast corner of 800E and 300N, east of Mud Lake and across the road from Jerry Drudge's big barn, Lakeview school was held for all eight grades.
Two teachers who taught there before me, as I remember, were Leslie Busenburg and Matt Bryant. Then I taught for two terms, 1904-05 and 1905-06. Frances Montgomery and Rex Haimbaugh taught there after I did.
We had spelling school each year; the Rochester College students sent word they were coming to spell us down, but Elma Thornburg of Lakeview was the winner.
Each school day we had one hour of for noon and fifteen minutes recess each morning and afternoon. The pupils played games such as Black Man, Long Town, and Fox and Goose.
While I was teaching at Lakeview school, we had school straight through Christmas vacation but got off one week earlier in the spring. I thought if we took off a week at Christmas it would take another week to get going again and we would miss two weeks, so we dismissed for only Christmas Day. I gave the students a treat of hard candy at Christmas. Attendance was good even tho the weather was 22 degrees below zero one morning.
I lived five miles north of the school and rode a horse to school each day and as were most of the country school teachers, I was my own janitor.
The last day of school the mothers brought in lots of good food for dinner (O'boy!). Then we had a program of songs and recitations.
Instead of teachers' institute for two days a year like they have now, Newcastle Township teachers met at Talma school the Saturday before school started. The trustee then told us which school we would teach that year. We then met one Saturday a month at Talma for teachers' institute, also called Saturday Institute. Dave Swonger was Newcastle Township trustee and Arthur Deamer was county superintendent.
In 1906 the pupils at Lakeview school presented me with a beautiful rocking chair. They got up a petition and signed for me to come back the next year, but I decided that it was a good time to quit. The next year I taught at Yale. Then they wanted me to teach grades 3, 4 and 5 at Talma but Clyde Fish was at Delong and talked me into trading. So I taught at Delong as principal for two years, 1907-09, then Talma 1909-11.
Joe Peterson recalls that Lakeview closed and transferred its pupils to Pollom Hollow when he was in the 5th grade. He estimates that to have taken place about 1912-13.
Clarence Peterson recalled that a new school was built in 1901 on the same foundation as the old frame Lakeview school. Charles R. Coplen later tore the building down (1922) and used the material to build a chicken house on his farm.
Other teachers Clarence Peterson recalled were Leslie Busenburg 1898-1902 Fred Rouch, Ona Winger, and Lloyd Eherenman.
(Editor's note: Lakeview school evidently was first built after 1883 but befre 1907. It was not recorded in the 1883 Atlas but was listed in the 1907 Atlas.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 24, pp 27-29]

Lloyd Eherenman taught here, 1909-10.
[Frederick Eherenman Family, Lloyd Eherenman, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

LAKEVIEW SCHOOL [Wayne Township]
Located NE corner of 500W and 950S.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
Florence Jones Cunningham taught here 1924-27.
Opened in 1893. Abandoned in 1927. Students then went to Grass Creek.
__________

[photo] Fletcher's Lake School, 1893. Front row: Harry Matthew, Ethel Miller, Margaret Leffel, Fay Elliot, Nora Lewis, Ernie Mullen (Mullins?), Pearl Thrush, Ernest Leffel. Row 2: Effie McCaughey, Effie Mullins, Lucy McClam (McClanen?), Bertha Lewis, Iona Weeks, Hazel Leffel, Goldie Miller, Earl Leffel, Marion Mullins. Row 3: Ethel Elliot, Lilly Matthews, Bessie McClanen, Hazel Leffel, Goldie Miller. Back row: Moses Packard, Nolan Finney, Walter McCaughy, Guy Leffel, Jim Packard, Albert Wible, Ray Gaby, Ed Harrington - teacher. (Photo: donate to FCHS by Florence Cunningham)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 64-65, p. 124]

Teachers at Fletcher's Lake School were: Ed Harrington, 1893-94; Verd Barker, 1902-04; Vallie Maudlin, 1904-05; Lola Gault, 1906-07; Charles Kline (or Cline), 1907-08; Earl Rouch, 1911-12; Lawrence Hendrickson, 1912-13; Earl Rouch, 1913-14; Calvin Alber, 1914-15; Margaret Pensinger, 1915-16; Edgar Rans, 1916-17; James Graham, 1918-19; Letha Jones, 1919-20; Helen Burns, 1920-21; Helen Pensinger, 1921-22; Richard Elliott, 1922-24; Florence Jones 1924-27.
The Lakeview schoolhouse was sold to Otto Applegate. He used the material for his house, now the Leroy Crippen home.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

LEITER SCHOOL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Erected in 1847 on John Leiter Farm near Leiters Ford, NE corner 400N and 750W.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1876 and 1883.
__________

The Leiter school in Aubbeenaubbee township is taught by Mr. S. J. Barger, who is also Trustee of the township. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 10, 1877]

Aubbeenaubbee Township Institute. Leiters Ford, Ind., Dec. 22d, 1877. . . at Leiter's School House. . . [names mentioned]: E. Myers, J. T. Goucher, N. D. Ellis, Boyce, Moon, Miller, Allen, Minton. . . S. J. Barger, Trustee.
[Rochester, Sentinel, Saturday, January 5, 1878]

Mr. R. B. Minton has resigned his position as teacher of the Leiter school and Mr. N. D. Ellis will complete his term. Mr. Minton has given general satisfaction and his necessary absence is regretted by all.
[Rochester Union Spy, Friday, March 22, 1878]

All the summer schools have closed in this township. Miss Mattie Sellers taught a very successful school in the Leiter district.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, July 19, 1878]

Our esteemed friend, W. Vankirk, is teaching a good school in the Leiter district.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, January 10, 1879]
See Leiters Ford School.

LEITERS FORD SCHOOL [#5] [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located in Section 23, in the town of Leiters Ford.
The first school building, a log structure was built in 1846 about one-fourth mile south of Leiters Ford on the east side of the road. It was removed in 1851 and a frame building was built in its place. This same frame school building became the main part of Dale Severns' home in Leiters Ford, having been moved there when it was no longer used as a school. About 1884, another new school house was built almost directly across the road on the west side. The same building became the home of Ralph Lewis Braden in the south part of Leiters Ford.
__________

Guy Shadel reports that the Leiters Ford High School was built in 1898 on the spot of the presently standing school building. It comprised the grade school and three high school grades. The school built in 1898 burned on the evening of January 5, 1945. The new school building was built by Trustee Guy A. Shadel in 1951 and the Gymnasium was added in 1954.

A. A. Campbell was superintendent of the grade and high school 1908-12 and also owned the grain elevator.
[Christopher Campbell Family, Mary Campbell Gynther, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

[photo] The second Leiters Ford school, which replaced the log school. Harvey Smith converted it into a house in 1885. It is now the last house out of town going south and is painted red. (Photo by Guy Shadel)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 4]

[photo] Leiters Ford School built in 1898, was the fourth school for the town. It was destroyed by fire on Jan. 5, 1946. Loss of building and contents was estimated at $60,000, according to The Culver Citizen. The fire was believed to have started in he laboratory from defective wiring. It stood in the northeast section of town, where the Aubbeenaubbee Township School now stands. (Photo donated to FCHS by Mary Knepper.)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 45]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School in 1898 - first year in new school. Aaron Bowman - teacher - third from right back, was said to be "mean". Row 1: Laurence Cook, Cleve Kline, Wes Kaley, unknown, Walt Myers. Row 2: Nellie Shadle, Sarah Zook, Edith Lough, Georgia Horner, Ola Cook, Lilly O'Blenis, Mabel Reish, Carrie Cowen, unknown. Row 3: Della Edington, unknown, Nellie Wagoner, unknown, unknown, 3 unknown boys, Harry Ginther, Steve Milliser, Ray Lough, teacher Aaron Bowman, unknown, Jay Ginther. (Photo donated to FCHS by Edith Lough Moon)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 64-65, p. 120]

[photo] Leiters Ford School 1903, teacher Edith Lough (later Mrs. Frank B. Moon). Front row: unknown, unknown, Willis Reish, Madge Bunn, teacher - Edith Lough, Hugh Bridegroom, Wanda Overmyer, unknown, Florence Reish. Row 2: Edna Beerwart, Paul Bridegroom, 5 unknowns, Mary Durr, Ginther boy. Row 3: 2 unknowns, Fred Brugh, Donna Kurtz. Row 4: unknown, Gladys Cook, Ernie Barger, Leiter boy, Gerald Walters, Marguerite Reish, 2 unknowns, Lloyd Polley, Hazel Truax, Goldie Horner. (Donated to FCHS in 1974 by Edith Lough Moon)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 57]

[photo] Leiters Ford School intermediate room 1905-06. Clara Richard, teacher, gave this School Souvenir Booklet to her pupils. (Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
Arthur Deamer, Z. D. Bunnell, School Officers.
Pupils: IV Grade: Gladys Kurtz, Pearl Thompson, August Myers, Willis Reish, Fay Atha, Mary Durr, Avon Cook, Fred Brugh, Hazel Leiter, Elva Summers, Lucy Combs.
V Grade: Don Biddinger, Lutie Large, Carrie Ball, Chloe Ball, Dessie Cowen, Etta Hartle, Fot Cook, Crete Bunn, Mary Horner, Harry Atha, Amos B. Wagoner.
VI Grade: Cassie Harpster, Hugh Campbell, Mabel Zook, Gerald Overmyer, Zella Durr, Sadie Harpster, Iva Polley, Everett Davidson.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 29]

[photo, p. 3] Aubbeenaubbee Township teachers gather for Saturday Morning Institute Session in fall of 1908. Henry Moon, trustee, is seated in front. Row 1: Estella Bailey (Mrs. Fern Kinsey) Leiters Ford Primary; Flavilla Tracey - Sand Hill; Emma Miller - Myers; Ada Southard (Mrs. Otto Sherbondy) - Beaver; Della Edgington (Mrs. Wm. Heeter) - Delong primary; Martha Cook - Leiters Ford. Row 2: Charles Meiser - Mt. Hope; Floyd Neff [- - - -]; Howard Gillespie, Leiters Ford; Al A. Campbell - Leiters Ford principal; Dow Haimbaugh - Delong, principal; Llody B. Eherenmann - Hartman. (Photo: Dick Sherbondy)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 3]

[photo] First grade 1908-09 Leiters Ford School, Estella Bailey, teacher. Front row: Ernest Summers, Everett Merkling, unknown, Max Anderson, Donald Campbell, Forest Cowen, unknown.
Row 2: Marguerite Kurtz, Fraulein Hubbard, Nondas Coughenour, Bernice Cowen, Amanda Campbell, Bessie Harpster, Audrey Reish, Mae Biddinger.
Row 3: Rtella Kerster, [ - - - - ] Coughenour, Estella Bailey - teacher, Dottie Cowen, Constance Barger.
Row 4: Clifford Cowen, Russell Sparks, Fred McConkey, Walter Ball, Roy Millizer, Ledger Pontious, Merl Ginther. (Photo: Clifford Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 29]

[photo] Mildred Nafe (left) and Florence Rouch, Leiters Ford High School Class of 1913. Mildred was class president. The vote was tied so she provided the swing vote when they chose to wear robes for graduation for the first time. (Photl: Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 30]

[photo] 1912-13 Graduating class of Leiters Ford High School. Front row: Gladys Leiter, Burnis Yelton, Crete (LaCretia) Bunn, Mildred Nafe, Audrey Appleman, Florence Meyers.
Row 2: Melvin Shriver, Marie Sheets, Ralph Sheets, Earl "Mose" Hetzner, Florence Rouch, Oren Kelly, Charlie Biddinger. (Photo: Avandelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 30]

[photo] School souvenir booklet 1914-15 for grades 4-5-6 was given by teaacher, Mrs. Charles Herrold.
School District No. 9, Aubbeenaubbee Twp., Leiters Ford, Ind., April 16, 1915. School Officers, H. L. Becker, Supt., L. Hoesel, Trustee. Pupils:
FOURTH GRADE: Leona Rinehart, Frank Davidson, Fred Boose, Herman Ginther.
FIFTH GRADE: Mable Appleman, Teddy Campbell, Maurice Yelton, Norman Best, Harry Hough, Everet Hoesel, Harold Miller, Sidney Kistler.
SIXTH GRADE: Avanelle Kurtz, Neoma Hartle, Lucile Hoesel, Edna Baker, Roy Milliser, Fred McConkey, Lonnie Hall, Walter Ball. (Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 31]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School juniors and seniors 1915. "We have crossed the bay; the ocean lies before us!" Front row: Melvin Shriver, Charles Biddinger, Paul Graham, Lucretia Bunn, Marie Sheets, Gladys Leiter, Audra Appleman, Mildred Nafe, Olive Blair, Burnis Yelton, A. V. Deamer - principal. Back row: Clarence Kelly, Joe Guise, Earl Hetzner, Ralph Sheets, Ralph Sheets, Florence Mahler, R. Appleman, Florence Meyers, Florence Rauch, Marguerite Reich. Several of these students had attended North Mud Creek School, pictured in Quarterly 61: Earl Hetzner, Jetta Marie Sheets, Ralph Sheets, Mildred Nafe, Gladys Leiter. Among the unidentified in the photo should be Perry Overmyer. (Photo: Mildred Nafe Wakefield)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 25]

[photo] Leiters Ford grades 7 and 8, 1915-16. Front row: Ralph Sanns, Roy Millizer, Fred McConkey, Burl Lanfesty, Walter Ball, Lonnie Hall, Herbert Shelton.
Row 2: Avanelle Kurtz, Naomi Hartle, Audrey Reish, Marguerite Kurtz, Lucille Rinehart, Bessie Harpster, Edna Baker, Zola Peterson.
Row 3: Paul Guise - teacher, Constance Barger, Lucille Hoesel, Helen Brugh, Marie Hall, Rtella Keister, Dorothy O'Blenis, Mae Biddinger, Evelyn Robinson - teacher.
There were 8 in the 7th grade and 13 in th 8th grade. (Photo donated to FCHS by Vera Mathewman in 1982)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 46]

[photo] Leiters Ford School teachers 1915-16. Front row: Martha Cook, Theresa Weir, Florence Meiser, Prof. Beamer, Henry Moon - Township Trustee.
Back row: Gertrude Davidson, Helen Blair Shadle, Evelyn Robinson, unknown, Paul Guise, Carrie Van Kirk, Omer Reichard, Ralph Galbreath. (Photo donated to FCHS in 1982 by Vera Mathewman, sister of Bertha McClain, whose story was published in FCHS Quarterly no. 48)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 19]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School Basketball Team 1920-21. Left to right: Lonnie Hall, Robert Miller, Ted Campbell, Clifford Cowen, Everett Hoesel, Norman Best, Harold Miller. Hugh Bridegroom - coach. (Photo: Clifford Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 33]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School, Class of 1921. Front row: Orville Fisher, Lonnie Hall, Norman David. Back Row: Avanelle Kurtz, Emery Davis, Gwendolyn Stubbs, Clifford Cowen, Naomi Hartle.
When this class celebrated their Golden Anniversary in 1971, 50 percent were present: Emery and Norman Davis, Clifford and Avanelle Kurtz Cowen. (Photo Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 33]

[photo] 1922 Leiters Ford High School commencement program. (Bessie Baldwin Voorhees)
Class Colors: Purple and Old Gold. Class Flower: Yellow Rose. Class Roll: Bessie M. Baldwin, Frances E. Brugh, C. Raymond Brugh, Theodore B. Campbell, Evert B. Hoesel, Sidney L. Kistler, Robert E. Leiter, Helen L. Mahler, Harold T. Miller, Mildred G. Robinson, L. June Robinson, Clarence Whitacre, Maurice C. Yelton. L. C. Thompson, Principal, Eva Robinson, Assistant, Lucile Nafe, Assistant.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 47]

[photo] Leiters Ford School 1923-24. Front row: Orville Large, Joseph Cain, Lloyd Myers, Burdette Garner.
Row 2: Bernice Henderson, Donnabelle Brugh, Russell Best, Beulah Guise, Robert Fernbaugh, Margaret Henderon, Thelma Jean Cook, Luana Spooner, Curtis Guise, Russell Overmyer, Ruby Graham, Paul Davidson, Bruce Spooner, Donovan Brugh.
Row 3: Lois Henderson, unknown, Dorothy Merkert, unknown, Josephine Fink, Robert Kelly, Dale Davis, Cecil Davis, Paul Stayton, Russell Cox, Norma Wood, Avanelle Kurtz - teacher. (Photo donated to FCHS by John Denton in 1981)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 42]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School freshman class c. 1924. Front row: Monetta Large, Helen McKee, Byron Mahler, Albert Bright, Prof. Red Nichols, Robert Engel, Kermit Biddinger, Evelyn Stubbs, Raderstorf girl.
Back row: Margaret Calhoun, Virginia Ditmire, Arnold Frye, Everett Wilson, Esther Krescher, Carl McConkey, Cleo Deck, Peck boy, Guise boy, Hattie Reinhold (Marshall), unidentified teacher. (Photo: Hattie Marshall)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 61]

[photo] Class of 1924 had an unusual motto in this commencement announcement. Graduation was April 19, much earlier than the commencements of today. (Donated to FCHS in 1984 by Marguerite Norris)
Class Motto: With the ropes of the past we will ring the bells of the future. Class Colors: Red and White. Class Flower: Red and White Roses. Class Roll: X. Carol Biddinger, Oren R. Butt, Ethel M. Overmyer, Mary Ethel Freese, Carl Stubbs, Orville C. Wentzel, Marie E. Cowen, Naomi B. Harpster, Russell V. Milliser, Nobelene H. Brooker. W. E. Nickels, Principal.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 60]

[photo] Will Harpster and the Delong area school bus in early 1920's. The little boy at left is Jack Wood, who with his sisters Norma and Neva Wood, attended Leiters primary grades 1923-25. (Photo: Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 2. p. 60]

[photo] Leiters Ford School grades 1-2-3, 1924-25, Avanelle Kurtz - teacher.
Front row: Russell Overmyer, Eugene Brugh, Kennedy Bryan, Curtis Guise, Robert Butts, Russell Best, two unknowns, Delbert Large.
Row 2: two unknowns, LaJune Shepherd, Gunshell Myers, [ - - - - ] Ginther, Madeline Merkert, Thelma Jean Cook, Avenelle Robinson, unknown, Beulah Guise.
Row 3: Paul Davidson, unknown, Robert Fernbaugh, two unknowns, Russell Cox, three unknowns, Norma Wood, unknown. (Photo: Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 46]

[photo] Primary room of Leiters Ford School, first semester, 1925-26, Avanelle Kurtz, teacher. Front row: Donavon Brugh, Emerson Reichard, Delbert Large, Kenny Bryan, Albert Brugh, two unknowns Eugene Brugh.
Row 2: [ - - - - ] Lewis Loretta Stubbs, [ - - - - ] Shriver, Nova Woods, two unknowns.
Row 3: unknown, Madeline Merkert, Avanelle Robinson, two unknowns, [ - - - - ] Ginther, three unknowns.
Row 4: Avanelle Kurtz - teacher, six unknowns, Robert Butts, unknown. (Photo: Avanelle Kurtz Cowen)
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 33]

[photo] 1926 Leiters Ford High School - Fulton County champions. They won the Fulton County Basketball Tournament. Front row: Ora Reed, Alonzo "Mike" Millizer, Coach Joe Guise, Art Walsh, Guy Nellans. Back row: Chester "Chet" Bowersox, Wayne "Toad" Kistler, Cecil Fields, Ralph "Farmer" Kistler. (Photo: Chester Bowersox)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 63]

[photo] Presentation of trophy from father Chester Bowersox, 1926 team, to son Tom Bowersox, 1959 team. Both teams had won the Fulton County Basketball Tournament to become county champions. (Photo: Chester Bowersox)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 63]

[photo] Leiters Class of 1935, taken about 1931. Front row: Russell Walters, Dorothy Cavendar, Gladys Shidaker, Wilhelmine Kline, Lenora Decker, Anne Gansch, Marjorie Engel, LaJune Shepherd. Back row: Walter Slonaker, Paul Davidson, Robert Fernbaugh, Harry Patsel, Marshall Carper. (Photo: Paul "Red" Davidson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 69]

[photo] Freshman Class of 1936-37 at Leiters. Front row: Lester Wentzel, Bernard Decker, Harold Butt, LeRoy Thomas, George Baker.
Middle row: Anna Cooper, Mary Wagoner (Beehler), Dorothy Kline (Burch), Helen Reed, Leona Ball (Skinner), Helen Stubbs, Margaret Sanns (Dunsizer).
Back row: Stella Clemons, Elmo Bunn, Robert Flora, William Goodman, Guy Murfitt, Robert C. Reichard, Max White, teacher - David Bottorff.
Absent: Marjorie Wentzel (Carter), Eva Davis (Lebo). (Donated to FCHS in 1974 by Omer Reichard)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 68]

[photo] 1936 Leiters Ford High School graduates.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 67]

[photo] 1937-38 faculty of Leiters Ford School. Front row: Mary Norris, Evelyn Mow, Margaret Smith, Alice Morlock. Back row: James Sanns - custodian, David Botthauer, Paul Hoover, Heber Short, Ed Bunn - trustee. (Photo: Heber Short)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 68]

[photo] 1938 Leiters Ford 4th, 5th, 6th grades. Front row: Louis Simmons, 2 unknowns, Milo Guise, Lowell Young, Walter Ball, Donald Smith, Wesley Simmons, unknown, Donald Hudkins.
Row 2: Martha Wheatley, Glanabelle Kelly, Janice Plantz, Bonnie Young, Pearl Wagoner, Eloise Lawson, Ruth Davis, Betty Wentzel, Margaret Appleman, unknown.
Row 3: Edith Baldwin, Jerry Cavander, Robert Merkert, Covert Wentzel, Jane Johnson, Rosella Sanns, Donnabelle Appleman.
Back row: Evelyn Mow - teacher, Arnold Murray, Wayne Beery, Robert Plantz, Margarite Ball, June Timmons. (Photo: Heber Short)
[Corrections: Front row: 2nd from left - Louis Stadden, 3rd from left - Junior Johnson. 2nd from right - Robert Faulstitch. Row 2: right end - Mae Faulstitch. Back row: 5th from left was identified as Margarite Ball but is Clara Kreischer. - FCHS Images No. 3, p. 92]
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 68]

[photo] 1938-39 faculty at Leiters Ford School. Front row: Margaret Smith, Marjorie Koch, Mary Norris, Francis Gillespie. Back row: Wilbur Stump, Heber Short, John Shonk, Bennie Decker. (Photo: Heber Short)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 68]

[photo] 1947 Leiters Ford senior class.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 70]

[photo] Leiters Ford High School graduating class of 1948, picture taken in 1946 or 47. Front row: Valda Johnson, Marietta Smith, Barbara Reinholt, Wilma Jean Robison, Bonnie Bunch.
Row 2: Wilburn Johnson, Patricia Hamilton, Catherine Wentzel, Patsy Plantz, Clark Cochenour.
Back row: Paul Bridegroom - teacher, John Kistler, Robert Kelly, John Campbell, Theodore Combs.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 70]

[photo] 1949-50 Leiters Ford Tigers photo was taken while school was held in Methodist Church. From left: Coach Shryl Bolander, Joe Sixby, Gary Fields, Richard Crull, Kenneth Plantz, Clinton Crull, John Hannabach, Ralph Stayton, Robert James, Harry Hoover, James Sanders. (Photo: Ralph Stayton) (Photo: lent by Richard Crull)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 81; FCHS Quarterly No. 30, p. 3]

[photo] Shirley Willard interviews Shyrl Bolander and the 1950 Leiters Ford team Oct. 22, 1977. Left to right: Mrs. Willard, Mr. Bolander, Dick Crull, Ralph Stayton, Ken Plantz, Bob James, and Harry Hoover. (Photo by Allen Willard)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 30, p. 4]

[photo] Senior Class Trip to Washington D.C., May 17, 1950, class of 1950. Front row: Robert Ewing, John Hannabach, Gene Raub, Richard Crull, Roger Kelly, Harry Hoover, Robert James, Gary Fields, Ralph Stayton, Kenneth Lahman. Back row: Rayburn Manus, Joann Goodman, Darlene Engle, John Bowersox, Marian Dyer - teacher, Fred Anderson - principal, Esther Anderson - teacher, Bonnie Talbott, James Sanders Patsy Crull, Sharon Calhoun, Joyce Mikesell, Mary Ann Bridegroom, Joann Klowetter. (Photo: Richard Crull)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 76]

[photo] The first class of the new Aubbeenaubbee Township High School was 1952.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 77]

[photo] These were the very first band uniforms of Aubbeenaubbee High School in 1952 or 53. Sisters Maxine Davis (Warren) and Millie Davis (Ditmire).
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 75]

[photo] Prom at new Aubbee gym in 1954 featured crepe paper decorations, formals, romance and dancing. Millie Davis and Fred Ditmire are partners at the prom and later were married. (Photo: Mildred Davis Ditmire)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 75]

[photo] The home economics department wants for little in the way of modern equipment to say nothing of the excellent teaching of Mrs. Charles Wyland, a cook of no mean ability. (News Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 72]

[photo] The outside of the Leiters Ford church little betrays the activity going on daily five days a week. Ninety-six pupils attend - the majority come in school buses but a few ride their bicycles. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 71]

[Principal Fred Anderson studies some attendance reports in the tiny cubicle he calls an office. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 72]

[photo] Mrs. Anderson - the principal's wife - has the use of the sanctuary for her sophomore-junior English classes. She is one of the school's most rabid track fans. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 72]

[photo] A flash from behind the pulpit caught the Leiters Ford band during one of its rehearsals. Mrs. Charles Wyland conducts the band three times a week. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 73]

[photo] Bill Smith, coach and commercial department head, helps a beginning typist find her way over the letterless keys. Typewriters and shorthand desks were placed in the only upstairs Sunday school classroom. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 73]

[photo] Mr. Anderson takes his turn at overseeing an assembly group in th basement. New lockers were purchased and placed along the walls for use of the pupils. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 74]

[photo] Eleven out of 12 graduating seniors took part in the senior class play. Proceeds of the event were applied toward their trip to Washington, D. C. (News-Sentinel Photo)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 74]

[photo] 1951 was the last graduating class from Leiters Ford High School. The school burned in 1946 when a new school was built, it was named Aubbeenaubbee Township High School. These kids attended classes at Kewanna High School but retained their identity as Leiters Ford School.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 74]

[photo] Barbara Thomas (Smith), Leiters Ford High School class of 1951. (Photo: Barbara Smith)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 78]

[photo] Aubbeenaubbee Township School built in 1951. (Photo: Guy Shadel)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 7]

[photo] Ralph Kistler, 1956 graduate of Leiters Ford High School. (Photo: Ralph Kistler)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 79]

[photo] Kenneth R. Olin, principal of Aubbeenaubbee High School, 1958 yearbook. (Yearbook lent by Ralph Stayton)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 78]

[photo] Seventh Grade in 1958 Aubbeenaubbee yearbook. Front row: Phyllis Shaffer, Laraine Cannon, Nancy Crill, Patsy Leap, Jean Cripe, Phyllis Calhoun. Row 2: Mr. Rex Good, Robert Thompson, Tom Kelly, Pat Davis, Ray Widman, Randy Brugh. Row 3: Kenneth Olin, Leroy Mahler, Randall Walter, Bob Norman, Terry Mahler, Ray Kreischer. (Yearbook lent by Ralph Stayton)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 87]

[photo] Aubbee's 1960 Varsity Boys Basketball team, coached by John Nelson. Front row: Willie Locket, Jack Reinholt, Keith Thomas, Wayne Cannedy, Lewis Braden, Mr. Nelson.
Back row: Thomas Murray - manager, Larry Brockey, Keith Shirley, Glen Patton, David Lane, Bob Norman, Melvin Shaffer, Larry Mahler - manager. (From 1960 yearbook lent by John Nelson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 81]

[photo] Front cover of 1964 Aubbeenaubbee High School yearbook. Shows a good picture of the school. (Photo: John Nelson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 77]

[photo] 1964 Aubbeenaubbee basketball team proudly displays their trophy. Officially named the Braves, the teams were also nicknamed Nelson's boys. Bottom row: Roger Parker, Jaim Carr, Gary Feltis, Mike Hartz, John Reichard, Don Bowen, Terry Engle.
Top row: Dan Cripe, Jim Murray, Kenny Olin, Dudley Van Meter, Joe Holcomb, Coach John Nelson. (From 1964 Aubbeenaubbee yearbook lent by John Nelson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 84]

[photo] The 1964 Aubbee Cheerleaders won a trophy too. Front: Theresa Hunneshagen, Sherry Engle, Ursula Szponar. Top: Barbara Hunneshagen. (From 1964 Aubbeenaubbee yearbook lent by John Nelson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 84]

[photo] Leon Welling as pictured in the 1967 Aubbeenaubbee yearbook. (Yearbook lent by Ralph Stayton)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 80]

[photo] 1968 was the last year for Aubbeenaubbee High School. The yearbook had a section listing all the graduates from 1901-1968. Besides athletic pictures, the yearbvook had pictures of all the usual student activities and clubs: Student Council, National Honor Society, Annual Staff, Girls Athletic Association (G.A.A.), Dramatics Club, librarians, cafeteria helpers First Aid, Senior and Junior bands, Chorus, Homecoming, Junior-SEnior Prom.
This picture of the Senior Band shows the gymnasium. Front row: R. Reinholt, L. Davidson, J. Van Horn, M. Nelson, B. Greene, E. Davis, K. Nelson.
Row 2: A. Kelso, C. Shaffer, C. Showley, C. Reinholt, D. Master, T. Cripe, M. Reiichard, A. Leap, D Langenbahn, N. Kline, D. Reichard, M. Croy, J. Leap.
Back row: J. Stayton, A. Davidson, F. Williams. (From 1968 yearbook lent by John Nelson)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 86]

[photo] 1968 was the last senior class to graduate from Aubbeenaubbee High School. The township school was consolidated with Culver and its students now attend Culver High School.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 80]

NORTH MUD CREEK SCHOOL
By Jetta Marie Barkman
We enrolled in Leiters Ford High School in September of 1912 and were given credit for the schooling we had missed. It was about four miles from home and we drove a horse and buggy back and forth to school for the next three years. Our principal was a Mr. Werner I believe, and the other teacher was Theresa Weir. Our subjects wer algebra, history, English, Physics, Latin and a smattering of sewing. The Latin, History, English and sewing were taught by Miss Weir. She stayed with the Blair family who lived at Delong, and the two Blair girls, Olive and Helen, attended Leiters Ford High School. I believe it was Olive's first year and Helen's third. We marched from one room to another for recital and one of us had to play a march on the piano. I was very shy and wouldn't do it unless the principal made me. When we attended North Mud School first grade there were just three of us, Mildred Nafe, Earl Hetzner and my self and we graduated together. There were twelve in our high school graduating class: Mildred Nafe, Gladys Leiter, Crete Bunn, Florence Rouch,Audra Appleman, Florence Myers, Bernice Shelton, Melvin Shriver, Earl Hetzner, Ralph Sheets, Charles Biddinger and myself.
The lower part of the building was used for teaching the lower grades. I believe the teachers were Floroence Meiser and Jay Ginther. Sometime later this building burned down. There was much discussion and wrangling as to building a new school, mostly as to where it should be located. JackShadel was trustee and he had the building erected about where the old one had been. The new one had a large gymnasium and was better in every way than the old one. It was two floors with a basement.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, pp 49-50]

AUBBEE'S ONE-ROOM SCHOOLS
by Guy Shadel and Omer Reichard
as told to Shirley Willard
Aubbeenaubbee Township had ten one-room schools: Sand Hill, Beaver, Myers, Paw Paw (nicknamed Small Pox), Hartman, Ditmire, Polley, Mt. Hope, Leiters Ford, Ellis, and Delong. Only one is still standing; Paw Paw is now a barn on Fred Ditmire's farm. When they were constructed is unknown, but probably most were built between 1870 and 1890.
The oldest of these schools was a log building built in 1850 one-fourth mile south of Leiters Ford on the east side of county road 750W. It was named for the village, which was named for the pioneer settler, John Leiter. [LEITER SCHOOL] This log cabin was replaced by a frame building, but for some now unexplainable reason, was abandoned and moved into Leiters Ford and converted into a house. It is now the last house out of town going south and is painted red. Douglas Dukes lives there now. No one remembers any of the teachers in these first two schoolhouses. In 1885 another frame schoolhouse was built across the road from the previous building. This was later moved into town and is the house where Jonathan Gamble lives now. It was closed in 1898 when the brick school in LEITERS FORD was built. Teachers were Frank Beery 1894, Lizzie King 1896, Dr. Clem Slonaker 1897-8, and Maggie King. Patrons included the families of VanKirk, Newcomer, Shadel, Cook, and Campbell.
The fourth school to exist in LEITERS FORD was a brick structure built in 1898 in the northeast part of town where the AUBBEENAUBBEE TOWNSHIP SCHOOL now stands. Guy Shadel started to school in the second grade when this building was opened for school late in October of 1898. "I can remember the first day in the new school and my teacher was Maggie King. And how we kids did like her!" Other teachers he remembers are Martha Cook 1898, Jim Hines - principal 1898; Arthur Deamer 1899-1902 principal; Elmer Gordon 1905-06; and Wes Kaley 1906-07. This high school offered a three-year course until trustee Henry Moon added the fourth year in 1913. No list of teachers has ever been made for this school either, and as the trustee's records were destroyed by the fire that destroyed the building on January 5, 1945, such a list could be compiled only by memory and should be done before it is too late.
The one-room schools all closed by 1925 and the students attended Leiters Ford. It will be noted that several of the little white schoolhouses burned in 1918. It was suspected that they were set afire by people who wanted the children to go to Leiters Ford school. At Hartman school the stove burned through the floor and dropped to the ground. Myers and Ditmire burned completely. So did Mt. Hope and Hartman in 1925.
When Omer Reichard was trustee 1927-31, he began bussing the kids from the west end of the township to Leiters Ford instead of paying $90 tuition each for them to attend Monterey school. They built 30 miles of improved gravel roads in order to do this. There was $10,000 in the road fund from previous trustees Moon and Grover Kline. At that time they were still using two horse-drawn hacks for buses. Mr. Reichard put the bus routes up for bid by the day, and the township bought the bus bodies. The bus drivers bought their own chasis, usually Model T Fords.
In February 1927 Cleve Biddinger's bus was hit by a train on the crossing at 600W. It was a cold morning and the windows were all frosted. But as was the custom (probably the law then), a boy got out of the bus and crossed the railroad tracks, looking to see if a train was coming and if all was clear, he motioned for the bus to come across. But a doubleheader came and hit the bus, cutting it in two. One boy, Omer Murray, was killed. All 30 kids on the bus were black and blue from bruises. The bus driver was scalped and the flap of skin hung down over his forehead. The train loaded all the children and took them to Rochester to Woodlawn Hospital. Robert Butts, now living in Rochester, was sitting in the back seat of the bus with Omer Murray and had some ribs broken and some cuts. Omer had a piece of wood driven through his head. The bus body was of wood. Later they got a new yellow metal bus, the first in the County.
Trustee Omer Reichard introduced Vocational Agriculture and Home Economics to Leiters Ford High School, paying the teachers $200 a month. Mr. Moody and Frances Burns (Hendrickson), from Purdue, were the first Ag. and Home Ec. teachers that taught in Leiters Ford. They were replaced by Walter Rush and wife. Because they were in charge of 4H in summer, Aubbee students took three-fourths of the prizes at the 4H Fair in 1929. The State paid their three months salary for the summer. The program was dropped when Louis Hoesel became Trustee in 1931.
After Leiters Ford school burned in 1945, grades 7 to 12 went to Kewanna and later to Leiters Ford Methodist Church for classes. The first six grades went to Delong while a new school was being built. The new Aubbeenaubbee Twp. school opened in the fall of 1951. It was built by Trustee Guy Shadel and Advisory Board members, Fred Stayton, Wilson Guise, and Robert Kline. It is in the East side of Leiters Ford on the North side of Olson Road, on exactly the same ground that the old building stood on. It cost $87,000. The gymnasium was built in 1954 for $88,000.
Leiters Ford teachers in 1951 included Kenneth Olin, Charles Rousch, Rex Good, Lois Hand, and Naomi Procter. Delong school was closed in 1951 and the students came to Leiters Ford. The last teachers at Delong were Elizabeth Overmyer - grades 1 and 2, Helen Blair Shadle - 3 and 4, Olive Guise - 5 and 6 and Paul Hoover - 7 and 8. With the consolidation with Delong, the new school became in all-township school. Since Aubbee consolidated with Culver in 1967, the building is used as a grade school (grades 1 to 8) only. High school students are bussed to Culver High School.
About A. A. Campbell she wrote: "He was head of LEITERS FORD high school, a brother of C. C. Campbell, a former Rochester lawyer. He had been superintendent of schools in Peru, Indiana. It seems he longed to be back in Leiters Ford. He headed our Saturday Morning Institute Sessions that school year of 1908-09. I recall him as a fine personality. He admonished us to make learning interesting for the children."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, pp 3-5]
AUBBEENAUBBEE TOWNSHIP SCHOOL HISTORY
Compiled by Alumni
Spearheaded by Ralph and Linda Stayton
Aubbeenaubbee Township is located in the northwest corner of Fulton County and was named in honor of Aub-bee-nau-bee, chief of a division of the Pottawatomi tribe. This tribe made their headquarters in this locality for many years and lingered for several years after the white men had begun settling the area. The earliest purchases of public lands in this township were made in 1836. Some of these were made by persons who did not immediately locate upon their purchased lands, but became settlers later. Among their number wre Jeremiah Gould, Christian Weber, Gilbert Bozarth, and Joshua Shields.
Gilbert Bozarth, John Mahler and Jesse Bailey were probably the first white men who made a permanent settlement in this township. After the arrival of these three gentlemen, immigration was for several years at a standstill. According to Samuel Hunter, there were only three families living in the area when his father, William Hunter, came with his family in the fall of 1840. William Hunter located on the bank of the Tippecanoe River. Finding a shallow place in the river near his farm, he made a ford across the river. For many years this ford was known as Hunter's Ford. When the property later came into the possession of John Leiter, the Ford gradually became known as Leiters Ford.
In 1843 or 1844, Lewis Pratt came to the township and about a year later the first schoolhouse was erected on his farm. It was constructed of logs. The school was sustained by contributions or subscriptions from the parents of children attending there. This school was located a quarter of a mile west of what was later known as Hay's School in the north part of Aubbeenaubbee Township.
In 1847 a similar building was erected on the John Leiter farm near Leiters Ford. Shortly thereafter another school was erected on the Dodds farm in Section 9 in the northwest part of the township. These three schools were sufficient for a number of years.
Provision for maintaining public schools at public expense came with the revision of the Constitution in 1851. At this time the township was divided into eight districts and new buildings were erected to replace the old and provide for the new. There were eleven schools in the township.
Sand Hill in section 35 at 300 North and 700 West, Beaver in Section 34, Meyers in Section 32, Paw Paw, also known as Small Pox in Section 21, Hartman in Section 7, Ditmire in Section 8, Ellis in Section 15, Delong, a landmark of that community for many years, Polley in Section 14, Mt. Hope in Section 12, Leiters Ford in Section 23.
These schools were described more fully by Omer Reichard and Guy Shadel in Fulton County Historical Society Quarterly #17 printed in 1974.
In 1991 the only one-room school still standing is the Hartman School which has been moved to the Mahler homestead one-half mile west of State Road 17 on Fulton County 600 North. The blackboards are still in the structure. By 1925 all the one-room schools were closed and students attended school in Leiters Ford or Delong. It was noted that several of the one-room schools burned in 1918. At Hartman School the stove burned through the floor and dropped to the ground. Myers and Ditmire schools burned completely. Mt. Hope burned in 1925. In 1898 a brick building was built in Leiters Ford in the northeast part of town. This building housed a three year high school.
(Editor's Note: Leiters Ford has had five school houses: a log building 1847, a frame building 1851, another frame building 1885, a big brick building 1898 which burned in 1946, and the modern Aubbeenaubbee Township school 1951.
The second Leiters Ford school, which replaced the log school of 1847, was converted into a house, painted red, and for many years stood on the west side of the street, the fifth house south of the railroad tracks. A picture of it appeared in FCHS Quarterly 17. Jonathan Gamble lived in it in 1974. This former schoolhouse burned in 1975. It was owned at that time by Ralph Stayton.
The third frame building was also converted into a house, later owned by Dale Severns and lived in by Douglas Dukes in 1974. Omer Reichard's story, as told to Shirley Willard, in Quarterly 17, had the second and third buildings mixed up. Dukes lived in a big house on the east side of North Street and north of the railroad tracks, Lot 14. Guy Shadel stated in his history of Leiters Ford (also in Quarterly 17) that the third school was moved from where it was used as a school and is the original part of the Severns house.)
[FCHS Images, No. 1, pp 17-19]

MEMORIES OF HELEN BLAIR SHADEL
My father had been transferred from Bolivar to Delong as agent for the Erie Railroad in the spring of 1912. I had been in North Manchester High School for two years and dreaded the change. Papa had given me a pony two years before as I drove to school. I didn't dread the driving, but feared the youth of Leiters. If so much as a tiny ruffle on one's petticoat showed beneath the hem of one's dress it was, "She's from Delong" and she was an outcast in Leiters Ford High.
A tall gangly man taught chemistry to a few of us in a clothes closet, crowded but fun. I've always wondered why we didn't blow a few extra windows out. Latin was taught by a lovely lady, Theresa Weir. We had the room across the hall. There were only three main rooms on the top floor and four rooms on the first floor housing the two grades to a room and a manual training room in the basement. We had three years of high school and then graduated. If a student wanted four years he had to go to Culver or Rochester. Several excellent students went right into teaching from the three years.
In the fall of 1912 Leiters School added the extra fourth year. Thus we all met again September 1912. But only seven of us graduated in 1913.
After 12 weeks of normal School in Terre Haute Normal, I was ready for teaching in Delong 1913-14. The next year taught first and second in Leiters Ford. Teaching was hard work and fun. Children were eager to learn. I taught six years in my home school, 33 years all together.
I recall a couple of funnies happening in high school. One day one of the boys put a live mouse in Miss Weir's desk. The top opened up. But someone warned her and she didn't open the desk. There were several disappointed faces that evening. Another day when everyone was busy studying, Effie rose from the back of the room, sauntered quietly down the aisle and "Wham" hit a girl on the head with her geography book. "That will teach you not to talk to my beau!" She walked back to her seat. You could have heard a pin drop!
One year I taught fifth grade at the end of the hallway and one night the school house burned down. The floor in my room and everything in the room went to the basement. We were very sad. Eventually school began in the church and several grades moved to the Delong schoolhouse.
Leiters High had a lot of activities, a good basketball team of which we were very proud. Our class put on two funny shows in a hall over a grocery store as there was no stage in the school.
A new building was erected which had everything modern at that time, including a home economics room and a big gym.
A few years ago someone got the not too bright idea that the small schools were passe and consolidation was the coming thing. Culver gobbled up Leiters and that was the end. For several years the LHS alumni met in the gym each spring. Now that is gone too. But our alumni plan to meet somewhere more modern.
[FCHS Images No. 1, pp 19-20]
BOX SOCIALS & CAKE WALKS
By Avanelle Kurtz Cowen, 1921 Graduate
Sixty or seventy years ago "Box Socials" and "Cake Walks" were very popular in the schools of Fulton County and around the country. They were a great event for schools and a fun way to earn money for general expenses of activities.
A date would be set and advertised in the area - usually Friday or Saturday evening.
The girls and young ladies of the community would prepare decorated boxes with a special lunch and bring them early where they would be listed as single or double, etc. - never revealing the names of those who had prepared them.
Before the boxes were auctioned, a great cake walk was held. Tickets were like 25 cents each. Usually two people walked together, so for 50 cents you and your partner could win a cake! Couples would walk around the room, hoping they would be at the right spot when the music stopped. Fredona Rinehart Davis would play the piano. It was a fun thing to do. And since the cake was donated - the amount of money was great! - all ours! (the school's)
I recall one time Leona Rinehart and I decorated boxes like dice. They were exactly like dice - white cubes with very large black dots! I have no idea if the right fellows bought them, but probably so - or I would have remembered.
The only other time I recall fixing a box for the box social my sister, Marguerite Kurtz (Goodman) and I had a beautiful double box with great goodies - and Clifford Cowen (who has been my husband for 64 years) and Hugh Bridegroom, a high school teacher at Leiters Ford, bought our box. Of course that was A-Ok!
However, it wasn't always that way for everyone! I'm sure!
Cake Walks and Box Socials were really fun and very popular.
The sale crier would really try hard to get a good price for the boxes - and often there would be competition in the bidding.
After all the boxes were claimed, the group would enjoy the social hour feasting on the goodies. It was a fun time.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 59]

EVERETT OVERMYER
Graduate 1923
I was born 4.5 nukes west of Leiters Ford on Road 400 North and raised on that same farm. . . .
The first church that I attended was called Pumpkin Head Church named such because the carpenter put a pumpkin on the steeple when he finished building the church.
I began school in Smallpox School, so named because of an epidemic at that time. Pumpkin Head Church and Smallpox School sounds real backwoodsey to others. I walked 1.5 miles to school and then drove a horse and buggy 4.5 miles to high school.
I always enjoy attending the Leiters Ford Alumni and seeing my old friends. I took an interest in reviving it some years ago. The town is changing in some ways, but we can still be proud of the community around there.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 59]

HARPSTER THRESHING AND BLIZZARD MEMORIES
By Naomi Harpster Sarber, 1924 Graduate
My parents, William and Nora Harpster, and my grandfather, Beneville Harpster, moved from Richland Township to Leiters Ford with their three daughters, Gladys, Bessie and Naomi in 1906.
We moved to the second street east of the B. F. Overmyer Store corner and the second house south, where my father and mother lived until their deaths - Dad was 72, Mother 77 and Grandpa 88. . . .
Grandpa owned several lots northeast of the schoolhouse and there were two large buildings to house the steam engine, separator and water tank, which were convenient.
When they quit threshing, they sold the machinery and sold the lots to the school officials.
Then Grandpa became janitr of the school. He served as janitor many years and was a very good one. I used to help him after school.
My Dad (Wm.) drove the school bus in the Delong neighborhood several years. . . .
One year that Dad drove the school bus, there came a very bad snow storm one afternoon and they called around to people in town if they would keep any children overnight. They did not think that the school buses could make it to town. But my dad was determined to get his children home. So he took my husband LaMar Sarber and Carl McConkey with him with shovels. And they dug my dad through where it was needed and he got all his children home. This made him very happy and satisfied. And I think the parents and children were too. He had the Delong Route which ran west and north of Delong. . . .
[FCHS Images No. l2, pp 59-60]

HATTIE REINHOLD MARSHALL
Graduate 1927
I did graduate in 1927 and that was over 60 years ago. As far as I know, Virginia Ditmire and I are the only ones living in 1987. When we graduated 60 years ago, we were not allowed to play cards or dance in school. Prof. Nichols would not allow dancing at our Junior or Senior prom. I do remember a couple of incidents which happened while I was going to high school. One evening I was standing in front of Ollie Overmyer's store when I leaned against their big glass window and I went through it. My dad had to pay for the tlass and they never let me forgt about it either.
One time Bing Bridegroom from Leiters Ford asked to take me home from something that was going on at the school. He had an old Model T Ford and we were going west from Leiters Ford and when we came to the railroad tracks, he was going so fast that we went down the tracks. We were so frightened and it took him sometime to get back on the road. Thank goodness there was no train coming and it seems like he had a flat tire from it.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 61]

MY FIRST AIRPLANE RIDE
AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
By Chester M. Bowersox, 1928 Graduate
It was in the spring of the year of 1927 on a beautiful, warm day, the smell of spring was in the fresh clean exhilarating air, the birds, flowers, grass and trees were all coming to life. Many farmers, with their horse-drawn eauipment were in their fields, breaking up their land in preparation for their spring plantings. It was in the unincorporated village of about 200 people of Leiters Ford, Aubbeenaubbee Township, Fulton County being located on the south bank of the beautiful, scenic Tippecanoe River. It was a full service village which had some unique enterprises, such as - a sorghum & cider mill, a village blacksmith shop and a pickle factory. The way of life was thrifty, casual, slow of pace, creating a peaceful, tranquil atmosphere. The people were very friendly and everyone seemed to know everyone and always had time to say Hello and stop and chat.
Our school was known as the Leiters Ford-Aubbeenaubbee Township School and was built in the year of 1898. It had an enrollment of about 120 students in grades 1 thru 12. I was a student in the 11th grade. Our principal was Mr. W. E. Nickels whom we called "Prof" Nichels. He was a short, stocky, white-haired man, in his late 60's, a very dignified, kind, gentle man who was dedicated to the education of each and every student and his one hope was that each one might grow up to be well educated and be good citizens. To know him was to respect him. He was a great influence in my life.
In 1927 the Age of Science was in its infancy. Little did I know that the next years of my life I would live thru a period in history of science where development, invention and discovery would happen in such a short period which was to be greater than there had been in all the years of man's life here on earth and since the invention of the wheel. Airplanes were still a rare vehicle. To see one fly over was a novelty and everyone stopped what they were doing to watch it in awe. They occasionally would fly over and follow the railroad to their destination because they had no navigation instruments except maybe a compass.
It was on this spring day in 1927 that during our lunch hour a plane flew over our school and landed just south of town in a pasture field. "Red" Nickels, a teacher and the son of "Prof" Nickels, had just acquired a new Essex car and he invited some of us to take a ride out to see the plane. We got out to the field and inquired of the young men in their late 20's if they were having trouble. They told us no and that they were Barn Storming their way from Kalamazoo, Michigan, to Louisville, Kentucky, and needed funds to continue their flight. They said that they would give anyone of us a ride for $3.00. Robert Kline (my brother-in-law to be) had cashed a hog check at the bank for his father and if anyone of us wanted a ride, he would loan us the money. There were three of us that decided to go: Guy Nellans, Albert Brugh and me. The plane was a rickety, two wing, single engine, propeller driven, with open cockpits - it was probably salvaged from World War I. I had never seen an airplane close in my life.
I remember what some "Old Timers" had said, "If God had meant for man to fly, He would have given him wings." The first attempt to take off was when the pilot tried to take Guy and Albert at the same time but after trying to get the plane up, the pilot had to abort and let Albert out and then after that he proceeded to take only one of us at a time. This incident should have indicated the risk we were taking. Guy and Albert had their turns and now it was my turn. Needless to say I boarded the plane and he took off without incident and soon we were up in the air and leveled off at about 500 feet. The pilot headed for our school where he circled the building several times. Looking down I saw one of the most wonderful sights that anyone could ever witness. Picture, if you will, the students had broken class and about all of them had their heads out the windows and were looking up and waving their hands to me. I got up the nerve to stand up in the cockpit and wave my white handkerrchief in return. The scene from the air of our school looked like a bug chicken crate with all the chickens heads sticking out the slats.
We flew on and for the first time I saw the whole panorama: I looked down and there was Leiters Ford, the Tippecanoe River which looked like a giant snake as it meandered in either direction as far as the eye could see; looking to the north there was Culver on Lake Maxinkuckee; to the east was Rochester on Lake Manitou, to the south was Kewanna and Lake Bruce and to the west was Monterey on the Tippecanoe River. The farmers were out in their fields working with their horse-drawn equipment. It was so exhilarating to be flying up in the air and the scene was like one might see today on an aerial postcard.
The plane landed back in the pasture field and I got out and joined Guy and Albert and we three proceeded back to school. The other students and teacher "Red" Nickles had long gone back so they would not be tardy. We three were very jubilant and proud of our adventure and felt that all our classmates would be envious and would look up to us as some kind of heroes. We were on top of the world until we got back to school about an hour late for class. We were met at the door by "Prof" Nickles. He was FURIOUS and proceeded to chastise us. Telling us of the position that we had placed him in by disrupting the whole school and of his responsibility for our conduct and that he had no choice but to expel us. He said there was no place for us in his school and that we were to go home and that our school days were over. We were so stunned by his decision that we were without words. We had no choice now but to walk to our respective homes. I now became very concerned and scared knowing that I would have to tell my folks. Needless to say I did tell them and they acted very disapointed in me but all Dad said was that he needed me to work on the farm and he would see that I would have to work from daylight until dark every day as punishment.
The third day after my expulsion my brother (Herbert) came home from school with a note from "Prof" Nickels to my parents saying that he would like to see them and me in the morning. The next morning my folks and I did meet with him at which time he explained why it was necessary to expel me; however, if I would apologize and promise to be a good student, I could come back to school and complete my High School education. So I did apologize and pledged that I would do my very best to make both "Prof" Nickles and my folks pround of me. The three days of my expulsion were the most miserable of my life. They did, however, give me time to think. I saw myself and how I had pretty much wasted the eleven years I had been in school by just getting by, living day-by-day without a purpose, with no thought of my future. It was like I had been on a merry-go-round all the time going no where. The three-day suspension SHOCKED me into reality and suddenly I was scared and worried about my life and future. I pledged there and then that from that time forward my life would be changed. It was like being "Born Again."
I did go on to graduate in 1928 and how well I remember our class motto, which was a triangle with the words on each side: DO YOUR BEST - WHERE YOU ARE - WITH WHAT YOU HAVE. Also our commencement banner which read "TONIGHT WE LAUNCH - WHERE WILL WE ANCHOR."
My life moved on: South Bend College of Comerce, (graduate) 1928-1930; Bendix Products Corporation, Senior Accountant 1930 to 1945; Leiters Ford State Bank Manager and President 1945 to 1962; retired 1962. . .
It is only fitting that I mention and pay tribute to my wife and partner (the former Frances Pauline Kline) who since our marriage in 1931 has been so faithful, inspiring, loving and kind. We have shared our dreams together. . .
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 61-62]

BASKETBALL - 1926
The year was 1926 - It was an era in the history of education which was only preceded by the one-room rural school house, where one teacher with a salary of $40.00 per month taught eight grades. It had outside privies and the students had to walk to school. Our school was known as the Leiters Ford-Aubbeenaubbee Township School and was built in the year of 1898 and had an enrollment of about 120 students in grades 1 thru 12. It was the beginning of time when small, rural schools were getting involved in sports, and the school systems were adding Physical Education to the school curriculum.
Many of the parents and taxpayers did not feel that sports and athletics had any place in the school curriculum and had nothing to do with book learning. Since the majority of students came from farm homes, they felt that their children could get plenty of exercise thru the work on the farms. Also they knew that their property tax would be increased accordingly.
Our athletic facilities were very limited. Our gymnasium was in the basement of the school and had just enough floor space to accommodate a regulation basketball court (wall to wall) with just enough space on one side for scaffolding for seats to accommodate about 50 spectators.
Our basketball team consisted of eight players and since we did not have even enough players to hold practice, we were fortunate in that Culver Military Academy invited us to practice in their gymnasium and also practice with them. There were practically no funds allocated for athletic use and about all the support we received was for our suits and transportation by school bus to play other schools. We even had to furnish our own shoes and socks.
It was a great occasion when our team was the FIRST in History of Leiters Ford High School to win the Fulton County Basketball Championship, which we won over Talma by a score of 38-15. I am very proud to have had a small part in it even though my shirt number was 7 and that was my rank in the eight players. The year of this writing is now 1987 and I, Chester Bowersox, am the last and sole survivor of our team.
THE YEAR WAS 1959
Leiters Ford-Aubbeenaubbee Township had a New School with a New Gymnasium and Physical Education Program added to their School Curriculum.
It was the SECOND GREAT OCCASION when their Basketball Team won the Fulton County Tournament, with a Win over Kewanna with a Score of 53-44.
It was a coincidence that the team I, Chester Bowersox, played on in 1926 was the FIRST TIME that Leiters Ford High School had ever won the Fulton County Basketball Tournament and it was 33 years (1959) later my son Tom played on the LAST team to win the Fulton County Basketball Tournament.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 62-63]

LEITERS FORD SCHOOL MEMORIES
By Ethel Louise Stayton 1929 Graduate
I began school in the year of 1917. At that time my family resided on a farm about one and half miles north of Leiters Ford. My Father, Fred Stayton, had a Model T Ford car. I remember almost every day when the snow was deep the old Model T would get stuck. Dad Stayton would hurriedly get out his shovel and dig us out. Needless to say, the next spring we moved to Leiters Ford. Our home was close to the school.
This school holds many fond memories for I started in first grade and graduated from high school in 1929. My brothers, Paul, Guy, and Ralph also graduated from Aubbeenaubbee-Leiters Ford School.
I remember the first day at school. Things were very different. Most of the children were accustomed to outdoor toilets. We did not know how to use this new-fangled toilet. The truth was that most of us were too shy to ask the teacher.
The teacher, Florence Rouch, read us a story the first morning of school. The next day she expected us to be able to tell the story. Most of the children were so distracted by all the new experiences that we did not remember her nice story. We were punished in a way new to all of us. Our teacher made us put our nose in a ring which she drew on the blackboard. Later when Miss Rouch came to Leiters Ford, I remember telling her of this incident. She seemed to think this incident very funny and laughed heartily.
The second grade teacher was Miss Gibson. I guess things went better for I dearly loved my teacher! Miss Gibson was my teacher also in the third grade and I was eager for school to begin.
The fourth grade brought a lot of different subjects. My new teacher was Olive Guise. This year we were introduced to multiplication tables. Olive Guise was still my teacher in the fifth grade and we learned how to do fractions. In later years when I was working in an office, I was asked the second day on the job to figure the hours for the route men and I was glad that I learned fractions when so young.
About this time, one of my classmates came down with scarlet fever. The word came out that before coming back to school we had to be vaccinated. Some of the parents protested but Mother Stayton did not want me to get Scarlet Fever. I remember Grace Simonin had long blond braids. She lost all her hair and then it came in curly like Shirley Temple's.
Olive Guise was still my teacher in the sixth grade. I started with new shoes. I wish I had kept them. They were black high-top button shoes. One event that stands out in my memory of the sixth grade was we had to commit many poems to memory. We also had to write some. She encouraged us to use our imagination. Things you learn at this age remain through your lifetime.
As I look back on the seventh and eighth grades it was a very important time of my life. Many events stand out vividly in my memory. I know now that I was very fortunate to have had Joe Guise as my teacher. He insisted on having complete control of his classroom. He also wanted the best for his pupils and if we were interested and studied, Joe Guise was willing to go the "second mile." One day I told him I did not understand "partial payment problems." He said, " If you wish I will stay after school and explain them to you." After that I was able to really like Math. I took Math from then on whenever I could in high school and college. We were fortunate to have several excellent teachers.
Professor Melser, a college teacher wanted to get his son started in teaching so stepped down from teaching college and came to Leiters Ford.
I had him in English and Math. Many students liked him and realized in later years the benefits of his sacrifice.
Another outstanding teacher was Francis Bunn who graduated from Purdue University with high honors in Home Economics and related art. Never had Leiters Ford-Aubbeenaubbee Township been so fortunate! She planned and we all helped to open a school cafeteria. Every child had a chance for a warm lunch. If they did not have the small fee for their lunch, they did a small task and joined the crowd. Some of the farmers also donated produce and the town of Leiters Ford could eat there for a small fee. In her sewing class Francis Bunn taught us to make many of our clothes. We learned smocking and I remember my pretty blue dress with smocking. We also made our prom dresses. I cannot relate at this time all the things we learned from our tacher Francis Bunn.
In 1928 my junior year we had a basketball team that won the tourney. Our team was handicapped because our gymnasium was smaller than our competitor's. Fortunately Joe Guise again came to our rescue and perfected a pass that made our boys a winning team. I never missed a game at home or away from home, riding the bus many cold nights.
In my junior year we wanted to raise some money so we decided to put on a play. I remeber I worked very hard on my part and so did the other kids. The town of Leiters Ford supported us in a wonderful way. Another activity in the junior-senior years was the debating team. With all our other activities this was a real challenge. We went to many other schools, even South Bend, Indiana. This helped us in many ways, especially meeting other pupils.
I graduated in 1929 and left the week after graduation for Michigan City, Indiana, where my uncle had a good job waiting for me at Stefco Steel Company. I liked this job, learning all the various office machines, and putting up the mail. It was here I decided to go to Intrnational Business College in Fort Wayne, Indiana.
It is sad for me that we no longer have the Leiters Ford-Aubbeenaubbee Township School.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 63-65]

NELSON MOSHER INTERVIEWED
By Ralph Stayton
Ralph Stayton: Nelson, can you tell us of your early recollection of school and how Leiters Ford was at that time?
Nelson Mosher: A story the family has on me when I was in first grade. They wanted me to be Mary's little lamb in a play. My mother sewed a lamb outfit complete with a tail. I had never seen a lamb with a tail on it. I was determined not to wear a thing like that. I went to school and left the outfit at home. The teacher had expected me to bring the outfit and others were looking forward to seeing it. When I arrived without the suit, the teacher was going to make me do it. A slight scuffle ensued and I fell on the floor. The teacher decided to help me out of the room by shoving me with her feet. I bit the teacher's ankle. I was not about to be embarrassed into wearing such an outfit. I personally do not remember this incident, but my family has told me about it. That would have been 1918 or 1919. Florence Rouch was the teacher. A fellow by the name of Huff was the school principal. He knew how to handle boys because when I was naturally sent to the principal's office, the principal sold me on the idea that the whole school was going to fail if I didn't go back and play the part.
Stayton: Nelson, tell me something about your family.
Mosher: My father's name was Ora Mosher and my mother's name was Amanda Mosher. I had two brothers: Robert who was three years younger than me. He died when he was two years old. My other brother, Howard, the youngest member in the family, was born in 1920. We had two sisters: Cleo and Ruth. Three of our family graduated from Leiters Ford High School: Cleo, Ruth and me. My family moved to Rochester in 1933 when Howard was starting school.
Other teachers were Olive Guise when I was in the third or fourth grade. Everett Hoesel was the fifth or sixth grade teacher. I remember when Mr. Hoesel was in summer school at the University of Illinois. He found a pup he liked and put it in a crate and shipped it back to himself in Leiters Ford. My father was the station agent. On the outside of the crate, Mr. Hoesel had written, "Nelson, take care of the dog until I get home". I took care of the dog.
Mr. Hoesel also had several other pets. I enjoyed playing with all of them. One time a squirrel was a favorite of mine and became so tame that it crawled under my jacket and was quite comfortable there. I had a supply of nuts in my pocket and so one time I took the squirrel to school with me. Sometime in the middle of the morning the squirrel got hungry and I was feeding it nuts. Kids nearby heard me and soon saw the squirrel around my desk. Finally I ran out of the nuts. The squirrel was tired of school and finally Mr. Hoesel saw him and said, "Nelson, would you catch the squirrel and take it back where it belongs?"
We lived on the corner across from the depot where my father worked. He came to town in 1915. I believe that before we occupied this large home, it was owned by an Overmyer and Katie Brugh cooked and managed a boarding house there. The boarding house was where the salesmen who came in on the train stayed. They came into town and did a lot of walking as they visited all the stores.
In high school Mr. Meltzer was the principal for three years. Joe Guise was the 7th and 8th grade teacher and became the principal when I was a senior.
Joe Guise was a special teacher. One thing I remember was when he complimented me. I was a seventh grader and would go out to the playground at recess and many times played ball. Sometimes there would be a few bumps and shoves. I remember a boy who went to school and was a lot bigger than I. His names was Charles Graham. One time when I could see a fight was going to start, I made up my mind that even though he was much bigger than me, I wasn't going to let him get his hands on me. So I started jabbing at him instead of fighting. Soon he had a bloody nose. When recess was over, Charles Graham went in and started to clean up his face. Joe Guise the teacher said to me, "Nelson, I have been waiting a long time for you to do that." This was the last fight we ever had.
Joe Guise was one of the finest persons I have known and one of the finest teachers. We became special friends after this incident: I was in the seventh grade and some of the basketball players didn't like to train so much and would slip down to the boiler room and have a cigarette. Joe Guise was then the coach. The boys put me up to going down to the boiler room to see if Joe was there. I was sent as their spy. One time he was there and asked if I was on the look-out for the boys. I told him that I was not. By the end of the day when I got home I was very miserable. I went over to the depot to where my father was working and talked to him. I told him of my lie. He told me that if I was being so bothered, I should go down to the Guise home and confess to lying. I will never forget that time. The walk to the Guise home was only a block, but seemed to be so long. I was welcomed warmly into their home which made my visit even more difficult. After I confessed, Mr. Guise told, "Nelson, I knew that you woudl come and make this right." The confidence that he had in the kids to do the right thing was one of his strengths of being a great teacher. Later when he was principal while I was a senior, he would ask me if I knew who was a culprit now and then. I would tell him yes but would not tattle. He wouldn't ask who did it. Later when talking to the boys I would let them know I knew and wasn't going to lie for them, and usually they would end up going to him and confessing. We had lots of fun in those days.
Basketball was a big part of my high school. When I was in the sixth grade I found out that basketball players got to take a shower. You know back in those days, Saturday was the day when a family got a bath in a tub. After a few, the water got thick and grubby. So... to take a shower was quite a privilege. In the summer we did go swimming and felt clean. I did make the 7th and 8th grade team. In high school I played all four years and lettered in basketball. I have one outstanding memory in my freshman year. We played Fulton which had the best team in the county. I must have weighed 110-115 pounds if I was wet. Fulton had two fantastic players who were brothers by the name of Felder. Joe Guise put me in to guard one of the Felder boys. He said, "Stick to him like a leach." I sure did. The next day my thighs were sore where his knees hit me. But I kept him from scoring. I stayed on him... He couldn't move.
When I was in our junior and senior year, we had a decent team. Some of the players were Earl Reinhold, Bob Kline, Herb Bowersox, Denny Davidson, Donavan Brugh, Kenny Appleman, Russell Appleman, Paul Decker and Howard Heeter. I was the sixth player in my junior year and the five regulars did not like to let me play. I was the Motivator. One night I took off the sweats six ties to get ready to play, but when they saw me ready to come in, they would get to work and really play to keep me from playing.
Most of the players were 5 feet 7 inches to 5 feet 11 inches tall. There were no time outs. The only time we got to talk to the coach was at the quarters. We talked among ourselves and decided how to do it.
There were 13 members of my class which graduated in 1931 right in the middle of the Depression. In 1991 we had a reunion of the class and there were six remaining members of the class.
Growing up in a town like this is great. There were several persons who influenced my life. I especially remember Earl See and Loy Cook. They ran a store and also a huckster wagon. Whenever a young person went into the store, they would give candy and tease them. Earl See had no children; however, Loy Cook had one daughter. Earl See sort of took a liking to me and allowed me to go on his huckster wagon with him. One place in Richland Township was the Hiatt family. They had a little girl who was two years younger than me. He would tease me about the Hiatt girl and when I was not along he would tease the Hiatt girl about the Mosher boy. Our families became friends. We were attracted to one another for years. When I was in high school and old enough to date her, it so happened that her brother was my coach. One did not date the coach's sister. I waited 'till I was out of high school. We have celebrated our 52nd anniversary recently. But we did know one another well when we were married. Earl See always said that he was the matchmaker.
Wilson Brugh and his son, Oss Brugh, ran a meat market. I worked in the store for two summers. One summer I earned $5 a week and the other one $7 per week. You could buy enough gas for a week for $1. Remember the old gas pump with a glass container and you pumped and would watch the glass fill up. The pump worked by gravity. . . .
Stayton: Nelson, would you tell about your career after high school and college graduation?
I started as an elementary teacher in South Bend. My college majors were in elementary social studies and physical education. Fos six years I assisted setting up a physical education program in elementary schools in South Bend. During the war I helped set up a school to teach physical reconditioning instructors to help the handicapped. Back to South bend after the service I helped set up a school for crippled kids at Morris School. Then I took a leave of absence for one year of physical therapy training. Then I became the principal of the school. Later I became the Director of Specal Education for the handicapped in South Bend. Later worked South Bend's Logan Center. All together I have spent 40 years in the field of education.
In my senior year I was most influenced by Joe Guise and John Hiatt to become a teacher. Up until that time I was interested in aviation mostly. When a teacher took a short leave of absence in high school, I was given the opportunity to assist and felt teaching would be a suitable career for me.
I consider one of my highest honors was when I was invited back to Leiters Ford to address the commencement and speak at the dedication of the new gymnasium in the early 1950's. These two invitations were two of the most flattering things that could happen to me.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 65-69]

MEMORIES, PIGS, CIDER AND SNOW
By Paul Davidson, Class of 1935
When asked to contribute to the history of the old Leiters Ford School, I was reluctant. I thought that almost 70 years might play tricks with my memory. But it got me thinking and some of the memories came back as if it was yesterday.
My first contact with the school came at the age of five. I can assure you that it was not brilliance that started me at that age.
We lived immediately north of the school and a block from the river. I had a brother three years younger and every time my mother had to attend him I was off to the river. I can still see my mother with my brother Jack under one arm and a "peach sprout" in the other hand and the parade up the hill, me leading the way yelling "bloody murder". So you see it was preservation of me and my mother's sanity that launched me.
Another time at school I got tangled up with a coal pile. The excess coal was piled outside over a man-hole leading to the inside bin. As they used out below, it formed a cone and kids would run up and down this cone. One day just as I reached the bottom the janitor used some coal and it caved in and I was waist deep in coal. A couple of high school boys grabbed my arms and held me while they loosened the coal and pulled me out. I lost a little hide and also a shoe. Now that was bad because if was my only pair.
Teachers I remember most are, of course, my first grade teacher, Avanelle Kurtz. Every first grader should be as lucky. She was so loving, thoughtful, kind and dedicated. Another teacher was Evelyn Shonk. She was the only teacher I ever had who took a few minutes a day for the Bible. Another was Joe Guise. He was principal and math teacher during my freshman year. He was strict and very muscular and at that time I was afraid of him. One time he caught me cheating in algebra. After he got through with the lecture, I always wished he'd have whipped me I'll always remember him as a just and fair man, a man who never held a "grudge."
Another unusual thing happened when I was in high school. My dad always raised a pig in a small shed next to the school. A neighbor who was very pious would put her table garbage in the trough. One day she had some grape juice that had spoiled so she poured it in her barbage. When the pig ate that it flew over the fence and came over in the school yard. It would rear up on its hind legs, squeal, fall down, stagger and collapse. Every window in the school was full of kids taking in the show. Dad always threatened to expose the lady as a "bootlegger."
Another fond memory was the trip to the cider mill at recess. There was a constant steam of kids going to and from the mill for a drink of fresh cider or an apple. The brothers who ran the mill were both kind and generous but insisted that you ate all you took. Another time, I'm not sure of the year, we had a massive snow storm and all the kids were stranded since the buses could not run. I remember the 8-10 foot drifts in front of the school. There were four of us at home and we all brought a friend to stay with us. It took them five or six days to clear the roads (by shovel) and everyone was about out of food. My mother baked bread daily and shared it with neighbors. It was a fun time.
I also had the honor and pleasure of playing on what was then considered one of the best high school baseball teames in the area. When the team was at full strength we very seldom lost. The names I can recall are Lester Shidaker, Don Brugh, Kenny Appleman, Ross Bair, Norman Heeter, Buck Thomas and Bud Lewis.
At the close of my freshman year some of the guys threw eggs on the house of the biology and agriculture teacher. He accused me of being a part of it and I was innocent. He spent a good shre of my exam period grilling me and when I told him I had not time to write my biology exam he said, "You're going to pass anyway." He then asked me to grade "these agriculture papers for e." Can you believe there was not a grade below 90 and the only non-farmer student got the highest grade of a 95!
When the old school burned, I had just returned from service. When the roof fell in, the draft brought whole burning books up in the air for almost 500 feet and carried them for almost 1/2 mile. With it went a lot of pleasant memories.
Again it was a good time of my life and a pleasure to share these memories with you.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 69-70]

LEITERS FORD FIRE
By Harry Edgington, Graduate 1928
On a dark winter night in January 1946, the fire alarm sounded in Culver. I was on the Volunteer Fire Department at that time and hurriedly responded to the call. From the firehouse we could see flames and sparks to the south and we knew we had a fight on our hands.
We arrived on the scene and the Monterey Fire Department was not there as yet. They had fuel trouble and had to go back to Winamac for a fuel pump before responding. However, the Rochester Department was already there. The firefight had begun on the school building. We pulled the hose to the school house and then went to the river which was about 1,000 feet away and started pumping water.
We could feel the heat from the fire close to the river. Rochester's hose connection would not fit our hose, so we had to pump from the river by ourselves. Rochester had a tank of water so took over putting out sparks that fell on nearby homes. They did an excellent job of keeping the fire restrained. Monterey DEpartment arrived over an hour later and connected in the Culver line and boosted the water pressure. Even with all this help there was no way to save the building. The aim was to keep the fire from spreading through Leiters Ford.
I was pumping with our pumper at the river. I was holding about 100 pounds of water pressure, but at the school the pressure was only about 50 pounds. When the Monterey Department came and boosted the line, the pressure was so great that it took two men to hold the hose.
We stayed until all walls and floors had fallen in. Then we wet it down good so there would be no flash backs. By this time we had been there over four hours.
This was my second most meaningful fire which I helped fight in 13 years of firefighting. The first and closest to my thoughts was in Culver when my own company, Culver Hi Speed Recap Tire, was destroyed in the Second World War.

LEITERS FORD PUPILS CHURCH GOERS
SCHOOL HOUSE COMPLETION STOPPED BY COURT ACTION
By Bill Small
Rochester News-Sentinel, May 1948
Leiters Ford high school pupils go to church six days a week!
They have since Jan. 5, 1948, when the Leiters Ford Methodist church opened its doors for daily teaching of the three R's and their modern-day embellishments in addition to the spiritual guidance offered on Sundays.
The dream of many a schoolboy or girl came true in the little Aubbeenaubbee township community in Fulton county near dusk on Saturday evening, Jan. 5, 1946.
The school house - the largest building in town - burned to the ground.
CAUSE UNKNOWN
Cause of the blaze was never determined. The damage was estimated at $40,000. But school went on. The first six grades were sent to Delong, a small village one and one-half miles east of Leiters Ford, and the high school rented an assembly and a few classrooms at the high school in Kewanna, eight miles southwest in Union township.
For two years the 96 high school pupils were shuttled back and forth to school. It cost the township $600 a month - $400 for buses and $200 rent.

PRINCIPAL'S IDEA
Principal Fred Anderson scouting around for more suitable quartrs, hit upon the idea of converting the church into a schoolhouse.
The trustees approved and went to work to increase the church's plumbing and lighting facilities.
On the second anniversary of the disastrous fire, the high school returned to Leiters Ford. Only maintenance expenses are charged while costs of remodeling were borne by the church.
The sanctuary serves as an English room for Mrs. Fred Anderson's classes and is the rehearsal room for a 26-piece band, directed by Mrs. Charles Wyland. Three times a week this organization blares forth for a full hour while pupils in the basement - the primary department on Sundays - continue their studies unbothered.
The only other classroom on the first floor is a Sunday school room serving as the commercial department instructed by Bill Smith, who also is the coach. Several typewriters have been moved in and regular study seats are used by those enrolled in the shorthand course.
OFFICE SMALL
The principal's office is a small room to the right of the choir loft and threatens to overflow with filing cabinets, textbooks, and other miscellaneous equipment.
A downstairs room containing an electric stove, electric mixers, refrigerator, and plenty of work space is occupied daily by the home economics classes under the tutelage of Mrs. Wyland. One of the most satisfying achievements of the department is the daily light lunch program.
Paul Bridegroom conducts mathematics classes in the second side room in the basement.
PHYS. ED. CONTINUES
The physical education department is handicapped most of the loss of the building which included the gymnasium. The Leiters Ford Tigers had an in and out season in Basketball in 1947-48 but will be hard to beat next year since they lose but a few through graduation. Practice sessions were held three times a week in Burton school gymnasium. Coach Smith is expected to get considerable help next year from 6-foot, 4-inch James Sanders, who recently moved into the neighborhood.
A track has been laid out around the ruins of the old school building and the town is justly proud of its track team which has scored victories in two meets. When identifying variious boys, the teachers say "he's our broad jump man" or "he's our high jumper."
The Leiters Ford pupils have an abundance of school spirit. It is readily apparent to any visitor. The classes seem to work together with less friction than in most schools. Perhaps their mutual handicap is responsible.
Mr. Anderson says all students are doing much better in their studies now than when they were going to Kewanna. More time is available for presenting band, vocal, and visual education. Informative programs are given each week by members of the student body. Once a month a pastor from Rochester is guest speaker at a convocation.
GAVE OPERATTA
An operetta involving 40 characters was successfully given recently on a pint-sized stage erected by the students in the church basement. A senior class play was presented April 15 and 16. Both productions played to a full house.
Leiters Ford also is proud of its Latin teacher, Mrs. Anderson, and Pauline Hoover, freshman. Pauline won the district Latin contest at Rochester recently and will compete in the state finals in Bloomington, April 24.
The senior class earned enough money to send its 12 members on a tour to Washington, D. C. When the seniors weren't busy promoting, the sophomores were and will end the year with $250 saved toward a trip in 1950.
PARENTS COOPERATIVE
The cooperation of the parents in bringing the high school back to Leiters Ford has been "grand," says Mr. Anderson.
A veteran of 33 years teaching, he is eligible to retire this spring but has vowed to stay on the job until "the kids get a break."
Turstee Fred Plantz and his township advisory board have had their handicaps in the effort to rebuild a 15 room, story-and-a half schoolhouse.
When the fire struck, the school's bank account was much like Mother Hubbards cupboard. With the backing of Joint Representative Alpha Hoesel of Kewanna, a bill was passed by the last legislature authorizing the state board of education to advance tuition funds to school units for erection of school structures.
LOBBY FOR BILL
A contributing reason for the House acceptancve of the bill, 91 to 0, was the appearance of more than 100 Aubbeenaubbee township residents in the gallery when the issue was brought up.
Bids were received, contracts let, and construction of the new building began. The footings were poured and septic tanks installed before three township property owners filed suit against Plantz to stop working charging him with failing to properly advertise for the contracts.
The suit was venued from Fulton circuit court to Miami circuit court where Judge Henry Bailey ruled in favor of Plantz. The decision was appealed to higher court.
After several weeks, the Indiana appellate court announced the Indiana supreme court should rule. Resumption of work on a school building for Leiters Ford rests in the hands of the justices.
In the meantime the high school pupils will continue to attend church six days a week.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 71-73]

ATTENDING SCHOOL IN CHURCH
By Millie (Davis) Ditmire, Class of 1954
My schooling started in Monterey, Ind. I attended the first grade and part of the second grade there. Sometime during 1944 my parents, Dale & Dorothy Davis, my sister, Maxine, and I moved to Leiters Ford. I was so glad to be moving because I was getting away from the boy who sat behind me in class. He always pulled on my pigtails.
Early one evening, January 1946, the school burned. We could see this very well from where we lived. It was very scary but I also remember being so happy at the time because I wouldn't have to do my homework. It seems like I had arithmetic to do and that was not one of my favorite subjects. I'm not really sure if my happiness was from no homework or the teacher. She had a big share of the students scared of her. Needless to say it wasn't long before I was doing homework again.
The high school students completed their year at Kewanna with their graduation being held in the Leiters Ford Methodist Church. The grade school students were transferred to the Delong Grade School. Oh, how disgusted I was when I got to Delong and discovered the "pigtail pulling" boy, Don Reinholt! I thought I had left him in Montrey forever. (We survived and graduated together.)
I completed grades 3, 4, 5 and 6 at Delong with Paul and Gladys Hoover as teachers. The next three years (grades 7, 8 and 9) I attended school in the Leiters Ford Methodist Church. This was an experience! If you think open class rooms were new 15 years ago, wrong! Leiters Ford started this concept in 1948. There was nothing soundproof there.
It seemed like I lived at the church. The only day I was not there was Saturday. I was a member of the church and attended every Sunday.
All through school I was involved in music. When I started the 7th grade the high school had a "Glee Club." I thought that was really neat and could hardly wait to be a freshman to be a part of that. I didn't have to wait that long! I accompanied the Glee Club during my junior high years. The music director was Gladys Wyland. She had also been my piano teacher in private. I can still "vision" her today.
The music department put on operettas. The church basement has a stage so this worked out great. Accommodations and facilities were not the greatest but we did have a good time doing these. I recall one in particular, "HMS Pinafore!"
Lunch periods many times were spent with a group around the piano singing the latest songs on the "Hit Parade". Remember "Sentimental Journey" and "Underneath the Arches"?
Another thing the music group did was a road show. During 1949 and 1950 Fulton County schools had road shows. These were entertainment - variety shows and each school would be scheduled a day for their own road show and would visit each school in the county. I can still see Gary Fields and John Hannabach doing "Rag Mop" and "There Was a Tavern in the Town." I also remember the time I was to play a piano solo - "12th Street Rag" and practiced that until I hearly hated it. I wonder what happened to that sheet music!
Fulton County also had County Concerts where all the school bands and the chorus groups combined and performed under guest directors. We had guest directors from Purdue University, North Manchester and Chicago. This was a big program and the gym where this would be held was always filled to capacity.
The school principal at this time was "Pop" Anderson. His wife was an English teacher. We had Mrs. Darnell for science and Vernie Bowen for math, algebra and shop.
During the time we had school in the church and during 1952 and 1953 our basketball games were played at the Burton gymnasium.
Once in a while we would have an assembly program during an afternoon in our "assembly hall" - the church basement. There was usually a current movie shown. I remember one with Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. That was also a time when you might find "couples" together or new ones getting acquainted.
There was also the time in home-ec class when someone (?) put an air cushion under Mrs. Wyland's chair cushion. That raised quite a roar! She was also our home-ec teacher. And there was the time when a rubber spider was put on Mrs. Anderson's desk.
In 1952 the new school was completed and opened for classes holding grades 1 through 12. How grand this now school was! We were all so proud. Delong was closed and became part of Leiters Ford and thus we became Aubbeenaubbee Township School.
My husband, Fred Ditmire's, class of 1952 was the first to graduate from the new school. My class (1954) was the first to graduate in the new gymnasium. The gymnasium was completed and ready for use in the fall of 1953.
Until our gymnasium was completed we had a makeshift stage in our study hall. The junior and senior classes used this makeshift stage for their class plays. This was our biggest money maker for our class trips. We also sold magazine subscriptions and put on a lot of suppers. These were not just chili suppers but the whole works. A big share of the work and donations were done by our parents. We always raised enough to sponsor full cost of our trip and many times had money left over.
Our senior trips were really nice. We would be gone 10 days by bus and we would see Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Mt. Vernon, New York City (Radio City Music Hall, Times Square, Statue of Liberty and free time), Niagara Falls, Gettysburg, Arlington National Cemetery and Canada. While we were in New York City our principal and chaperone, Ken Olin, recommended that we all eat at least one nice dinner meal at a fancy restaurant. I remember Denise Reker tackling a lobster and the taxi ride we got to this restaurant. It was just around the corner from our hotel and the cabbie took us around a 4-block square.
Our first music teacher in the new school was James Osmun. He played "boogie woogie" and would treat us once in a while with a number. We had a very good music department under his direction and he introduced us to band concerts, band contests, choir contests and solo & instrumental contests. There were several students who didn't care for him until we performed and entered contests, coming home with a first. I remember the first band contest we entered. I played an Alto Sax and my sister, Maxine, played a Tenor
sax. My dad told us if we would take a first place he would give each one a dollar. That spurred everyone and he ended up paying off around $33.00 if I remember right. We received a first place every year under Mr. Osmun.
One of the things the band always had to do after performing at the contests was to go to another room and before one or two judges play music - never before seen - for sight-reading abilities. This was a real test for a lot of students but we usually did real good.
We had a very good saxophone quartet at that time too, consisting of Millie Davis, Sheila McIntyre, Lois Troutman and Maxine Davis.
Leiters Ford was not without an alumni association. This was held each year after graduation exercises had been held because only alumni and their spouse could attend. There were no guests (boy or girl friends allowed). For a while this was held in the church basement. After the school was completed it was held there and later in the gym. I always thought this was a really big deal probably due to some of the restrictions. Entertainent would be local talent and I remember my mother was an entertainer with her accordion. My sister and I also entertained with saxophone duets and since we were not yet graduates we really thought we were in on something great. During 1954 Aubbee won the school's first 4-way tourney at West High. What a celebration we had then.
There is a lot of history and memories of Leiters Ford/Aubbee school and I enjoy reminiscing once in a while and hope some of these memories stirred others for you. The school building is still standing but students attend Culver. The church is still in Leiters Ford and the alumni association is still active with several changes.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 74-76]

THE NEW AUBBEENAUBBEE SCHOOL 1950-66
By Kenneth R. Olin, Principal
In the fall of 1950 I came to Leiters Ford as a green principal, age 34. The township had just completed the new building which would be called Aubbeenaubbee School. I looked forward with great anticipation to the first year in the new structure. As I checked past records I had great admiration for those teachers, students, and the principal who had kept the Leiters Ford High School going following the fire. Those must have been trying times indeed!
Guy Shadel was the trustee who hired me. He was a very dedicated man who wanted the best for the school. He was always there to back the teachers, students and me whenever we made strides forward toward a good school and a good school we had! Through the hard work and enthusiasm of the faculty, students, parents, and community, the school evolved into one of the best in the area.
When consolidation was taking a foothold, I did a study of 10 graduating classes and found that 175 had made it. Out of this numbr two had become doctors, three engineers, 36 teachers, three nurses, several farmers, some skilled trades, etc., and not one in prison.This record spoke well for our school.
I'm always a little concerned when I mention people by name because I'll leave someone out who should have been mentioned but I'll make a stab at it. A good faculty is essential for a good school. The Goods, John Nelson, Pat Kistler, Vernie Bowen, Marian Dyer, the Stellhorns, Carl Daherty, Leon Welling, Elizabeth Overmeyer Hoover and all the other faculty members were responsible for the school's success.
So many events took place which were memorable that I can't enumerate them all. I'll never forget a ride to the hospital in Winamac with Rex Good driving at a high rate of speed and me holding a compress on Eric Israel's arm where he had cut an artery after shoving his arm through a window in a door. Things were always happening.
The lost and found was always a mystery. It seemed that no one lost that which was found and no one found that which was lost. I never did figure out whose boy's underwear was left in the dressing room after junior high basketball practice. I even had the boys show me they had theirs on.
Most of you remember that until the last year or two I had no school secretary so I used high school students in this capacity. They did very well and were appreciated. Since we had no school nurse, students also manned the "sick room." The students at Aubbeenaubbee had a wide variety of experiences beyond the classroom.
A school our size almost demanded it. This is part of education missing from so many large schools of today.
Remember the senior trips! The activities to raise money so everyone could go included magazine sales, concessions, candy, suppers and most anything honest we could do. Everyone helped including parents. It was a social event. No student was denied a trip because of money. The experience of seeing the large cities and Washington, D.C., stays for a lifetime with those who went. Who could forget the Broadway plays?
In Pittsburgh some learned about the science of falling objects (waterfilled balloons). In D.C. they learned of government and in New York they learned about city life and the United Nations. Our students always dressed to go out on the town. I remember on one trip three or four girls got all "dressed up" and went to the Waldorf Hotel to see it. A bellboy asked them what they wanted. After learning that they wanted to see the hotel, he showed them around including the Grand Ballroom. That same night I saw a senior class from North Carlina being "thrown out" of their hotel at 11 o'clock because they were tearing things up. I was always proud of our students.
It was a great thrill when we had our first basketball game in our new gym. We had been playing our "home games" at Burton School. Our gym was very ample and we were able to hold our own tourneys. Of course, the quality of play improved because of the ease of practicing at home. This led to an increase in enthusiasm and school spirit.
With the new gym, which included a stage our cultural programs were increased. We had class plays in which the whole class participated in some form or another. The band and chorus gave us much. We even did some operettas such as "Sunbonnet Sue." The school became the "hub" of the community.
Much was gained and much was lost in consolidation. The biggest loss was the friendships and closeness of the people involved. Everyone knew everyone else. We knew of their problems and their joys. The closing of this era is a great loss. What a world this would be if we could someway capture this feeling today.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 77-78]

THE "PROM"
By Barbasra Thomas Smith, Class of '51
What is commonly known today as the Prom was called The Junior-Senior Reception in the era of 1950-51. This was for the juniors and seniors only - no guests (except the faculty: Fred Plantz, trustee; Fred L. Anderson, principal; Esther Anderson, Shryl Bolander, Mary Darnell, Marion Dyer and James Osmun). If the love of your life was someone outside these two classes, you went stag! The guys wore suits, the girls formals. And when the girls out-numbered the guys (Class of 51: 10 girls, 2 guys), girls danced with each other and thought nothing of it.
The Junior Class was responsible for all arrangements for the Reception. Coordinating invitations, memories booklet, napkins and place cards were printed. The May 5, 1950 Reception was held at the Plymouth Club House. A sit-down dinner was followed by the Junior Welcome given by Barbara Thomas, Senior Response by Gene Raub, Faculty Response by Mrs. Esther Anderson, and Principal's Comments by Fred Anderson. The highlight of the evening was the reading of the Senior Will by Sharren Calhoun, and the Senior Prophesy read by Johnny Hannabach, after which dance music was provided by "Three Hits & A Miss," Jim Osmun, leader.
The 1950 seniors were led by Gene Raub, president; Mary Ann Bridegroom, vice-president; Patsy Crull, secretary-treasurer; Mr. Anderson, sponsor. Their class colors were blue & white, flower - red rose; and motto - "Achievement Spells Success."
The 1950 juniors had Barbara Thomas as president; Nina Guise, vice-president; Darlene Wagner, secretary-treasurer; Mr. Bolander, sponsor. Their class colors were green & white; flower - gardenia; and motto - "Ever Rowing, Never Drifting".
The big night for the 1951 seniors, the "Golden Anniversary Class" (and as it turned out, the last graduating class of Leiters Ford High School), was May 4, 1951, again held at the Plymouth Club House. The criteria was the same, except the faculty now consisted of Guy A. Shadel, trustee; Fred L. Anderson, principal; Esther Anderson, Charles Bernhardt, Mary Darnell, James Osmun, Wilber Veach, and Gladys Wyland. After dinner, the Junior Welcome was given by Norman Coby, Senior Response by Charles Sopher, Faculty Response & Principal's Comments by Fred Anderson. The committee to write the WILL was Nina Guise, chair.; Martha Raub and Barbara Thomas; and the PROPHESY committee was Donna Kerr, chair.; Pauline Hoover and Darlene Wagner. The chairmen read these documents, to the enjoyment of everyone. Dance music by Mr. Osmun's band followed.
The 1951 juniors had Norman Coby as president; Ruth Calhoun, vice-president; Doris Bridegroom, secretary-treasurer; Mr. Bernhardt, sponsor. Their class colors were maroon & white; flower - white carnation; and motto - "Cheerfulness Under Adversity." They were to become the first graduating class of the new school, renamed Aubbeenaubbee Twp. High School, which opened in the fall of 1951.
The Leiters Ford High School Golden Anniversary Alumni Banquet was held on Sat., May 12, 1951, 7:30 (DST), in the Leiters Ford Methodist Church (cost: $1.75 per person). Officers were Lee Corbin, president; Guy Stayton, vice-president; Mrs. Naomi Sands, secretary-treasurer. Committees were: Program - Mrs. Annabell Kline, chair.; Mrs. Abbie Thomas, Charles Bernhardt, Paul Dunsizer. Decorating - Mrs. Becky Reichard, chair; Mrs. Madeline Dinsmore, Joyce Mikesell. Seating - Gary Fields, Robert Plantz, Robert Smith, Ralph Stayton. Nominating - Guy Davis, chair.; Emery Davis, Mrs. Frances Bowersox. "Nothing now is left but Majestic Memory" - Longfellow.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 78-79]

MEMORIES OF RALPH KISTLER, JR.
Class of 1956
[This memory contains a racial slur. We are printing it because of our belief in historical accuracy. The purpose of history is to show how things were and if we censure it, we distort history. We don't approve of racial slurs, but we strive to always tell the truth. The "good old days" were not perfect and certainly not "politically correct" in today's terms.]
I remember during track season in 1954 that the old cinder track went up near the old cider mill toward the northwest. Anyway I ran the 440 yeard dash and had tennis shows, no track spikes, so I got the brilliant (?) idea of running my race barefooted on cinders because the tennis shoes caused slipping and sliding on the cinders. I I remember I placed second in that race.
During the 1954 basketball season we had our game to Medaryville in the fall. I played varsity so after we had dressed we went out into the run way between the dressing room and court to wait the finish of the "B" game.
The home crowd was in the stands right above our waiting area. That summer with all the tractor driving and farmwork, I was tanned to a very dark shade. I appeared to be from another race.
Anyway during that waiting pepriod Don Reinholt told some of the people of that crowd that I was negro which did not go over too well and so during the game time there were chants from the crowd to "Get that Coon, get that Coon." From that episode I received the nickname of "Coon" and also a wrenched knee as I was undercut during a lay-up try in the third quarter.
In the fall of 1955 we had our basketbal game with Monterey at Aubbee and I scored my personal best of 26 points for my career. We defeated Monterey when we weren't supposed to. This game was about one week before Thanksvgiving and the first light snowfall came that evening. After showering and getting dressed, Bud Hartle and I went in my very first car to search for parked cars. West of Leiters Ford on the Delong Road I was unable to make the curve on the gravel as I was headed north and came to the railroad crossing. My car shot off the small embankment and covered both tracks. Terry Mishler happened by and went to the Delong tower to tell the operator to stop trains. Before the car was removed, two trains, one from each direction had to wait. Bud got a broken arm and I was embarrassed to no end and without a car for many months.
I had a promising basketball career and possible baseball career but in the spring of 1955 I got rheumatic fever which did some heart damage and I could not compete in the last year of 1956.
If I had to pick teachers who contributed the most to my development and guidance they would be Ken Olin Sr., John Nelson and Vernie Bowen.
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 79]

TEACHING AT AUBBEENAUBBEE SCHOOL 1957-1977
By Leon Welling
After teaching at Peru I was hired to teach grades five and six at Aubbee School in Leiters Ford by Aubbee Township Trustee Guy Shadel, Fulton County School Supt. Earl Rouch and Kenneth Olin, the Princpal. The elementary teachers were Elizabeth Hoover, Evelyn Cox, Naomi Rector, Lois Hand and myself. Some of the high school teachers were Rex and Onda Good, John Nelson, Mr. Rousch, Miss Bosse, Mrs. Kistler and Mr. Wise. The cooks were Gladys Reinhold and Doris Overmyer. School bus drivers were Loren Shaffer, Edgar Burroughs, Ray Engle and Rollin Jones. Ed Lebo was the school janitor.
The school building was still rather new at that time. After the old building burned down in early 1946 the students were bussed to Kewanna for school. Later the elementary students were sent to the Delong School while the high school students went to school in the Methodist Church at Leiters Ford. The main part of the Aubbee Building was completed in 1951. The basketball team practiced and played their games at the Burton School until 1953 when the gym was completed.
There was no school secretary at this time. High school students would take turns doing clerical work and answering the phone when the principal was not in the office.
Most students ate in the cafeteria but a few carried their lunches from home. School lunches were 25 cents per day at that time for students. Spelling contests were held in a nearby school. Math contests were usually held for students who were good at the subject.
Sports at Aubbee School were basketball, baseball and track. Aubbee won the Fulton County Basketball tourney in 1959 which was held in Akron that year. We also had Junior High and fifth and sixth grade basketball teams.
At Christmas time there was usually a Christmas program put on at night for the parents and families of the students and community. The students had a gift exchange and usually had refreshments and played games. At Halloween the students would dress in funny costumes and parade around town. Judges would award prizes for the best costumes after which the students had refreshments and games. On Valentine's Day there was a Valentine exchange with the usual games and refreshments. Aubbee School had a very active PTA organization and gave a lot of assistance to the school program. They raised money for books, equipment, and other good causes.
There was a dress code for all students, mainly saying students had to be dressed in an acceptable manner. Of course, boys did not wear long hair or mustaches because it wasn't in style. No girl would have been allowed to wear a mini skirt to school. Times have changed. Students skipped school occasionally and smoked a cigarette once in awhile but drugs and alcohol were not used nearly as often as they are today. Teenage pregnancy was very rare also.
The students today have a much broader curriculum with computers and remedial teachers for students having difficulties.
Each year I would take my students on a field trip and picnic. These trips included Frances Slocum Park at Peru, Dunes State Park at Chesterton and other places of interest.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 79-80]

AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. BRAVES (LEITERS FORD)
By John Nelson
Coach at Aubbee High School 1953-1968
My first season at Aubbee was 1953-54 and I coached there until they reorganized with Culver and Monterey in 1968. I know very little about Leiters Ford athletics before the fall of 1953, but I do know Kenny Plantz graduated from there in 1953 and was an exceptionally fine athlete and went to state that year in the high jump. He held six school records in track at one time. Also, Leiters Ford was county champs in basketball in 1929 and did not win it again until 1959. Here are some pertinent facts and names and I am sure many readers will remember.
County Champs (Basketball) = 1959
County Champs (Baseball) = 1962-1963
County Champs (Track) = 1957-1958-1959
Sectional Runner-up (Basketball) = 1963
(Lost to Knox in final in overtime)
Conference Champs (Basketball) = 1957-1959-1963-1968
4 Way Champs (Basketball) = 1954-1957-1958-1959-1964-1968
Stan Reinholt, 1958=Single game scoring record of 44 career record of 1394 points. Held two school records in track.
Jim Kline and Steve Brown, 1959=Led team to first County title in 30 years. Were 1 and 2 scorers in county. Kline named Outstanding Athlete in county and held one school record in track.
Willie Lockett, 1961=First black athlete at Aubbee. Named Outstanding Athlete in County. Led basketball team in scoring. Held three school records in track.
Joe Holcomb, 1964=Probably finest athlete ever at Aubbee. Holds single season scoring record in basketball at Aubbee. Named in top 100 players in state in 1964. Pitched team to county title in baseball with no hitter in final game in 1963. Held two school records in track.
John Szponar, 1968=Graduated from reorganized school at Culver in 1969. Leading all time rebounder at Aubbee. Gym scoring record of 40 pts. 23 straight free throws in competition. School record in high jump. Played and graduated at Tulane. Coached basketball at Jesuit High School in Tampa, Florida, and led them to a state championship.
The winningiest seasons for the Aubbee Braves were 1958-59 (18-4) and 1962-63 (18-6). In the Aubbee gym from February 1954 through February 1968, the Braves were 100 wins ad 62 losses. Their best years at home were 56-57 and 58-59 when they went 10-1. In 1963-64 they were 11-2.
I am proud to say I coached every high school game played by Aubbee in their gym. Prior to 1954 they played their games in the Burton School gym; this school was an elementary school in Rochester Twp.
1953-54=First tourney championship for Aubbee. Four way at West High. Last tourney win was the County in 1929.
Feb. 2, 1954=First game played in the Aubbee gym. Aubbee vs. Macy. Ron Reinholt made the first basket. Macy won 52-51.
1958-59=First County Champs in basketball for Aubbee. Also won the conference that year and ended 18-4.
1962-63=Lost the sectional final game to Knox in overtime.
1963-64=Beat Knox in sectional but lost to Winamac in the semi-final game.
1964-65=Most surprising year. Won 13 games after graduating nearly everyone from the 63-64 team.
Glen Patton ripped the seat of his pants out during a game and ran directly from the game to the dressing room.
Kenny Olin was left at Bremen after a game and one of their teachers brought him by car to catch the bus half way home. His father was the principal at the time.
Most unusual situation during time at Aubbee=Upon arriving at Richland Center on ?, we found the gym floor extremely slippery from too much floor sealer. It was agreed upon by the school officials and coaches from the two schools to move the basketball games to the Aubbee gym THAT NIGHT! Within 45 minutes all players and fans travelled the 7 miles to Leiters Ford and the games were begun.
1949-50
LEITERS FORD (8-11)
Coach: Shryl Bolander
Roster Season Career
John Bowersox 0
Clinton "Bud" Crull, fresh. 0
Richard Crull 31
Gary Fields 55
John Hannabach 125
Harry Hoover 0
Bob James 132
Kenny Plantz, fresh. 0
Gene Raub 0
Jim Sanders, 7-3 Sr. 14
Joe Sixby, Soph 217
Ralph Stayton 253
Scores
Home games at Rochester Burton
25 at West Twp 33
38 Pulaski (at Winamac) 37
45 Medaryville 39
27 at Richland Cent er 57
59 Talma 27
43 at Lucerne 69
69 Monterey 36
55 Fulton 59
Tourney at West Twp.
38 West Twp. 31
44 Grovertown 55
56 Grass Creek 51
Fulton Co Tourney at Rochester
46 Grass Creek 44
45 Richland Center 58
46 at Kewanna 47
61 Pulaski 44
29 at Akron 43
29 at Fulton 40
39 Richland Center 40
37 at Grass Creek 57
Winamac Sectional
30 Monterey 40

1950-51
LEITERS FORD (1-19)
Coach Wilbur Veach
Roster Season Career
Norm Colby, 5-11 jr. 10
Clinton "Bud" Crull, 5-1 101
Jerry Hartz, 5-9 fresh. 0
Dean Lahman, 5-10 soph. 21
Kenny Plantz, 5-11 soph. 117
Bob Reinhold, 5-0 fresh. 0
Don Reinholt, 5-0 fresh. 153
Ron Reinholt, 6-0 fresh. 0
Joe Sixby, 5-7 jr. 53
Dick Young, 5-9 jr. 190
Scores
Home games at Rochester Burton
24 at West Twp. 61
28 Akron 42
32 Pulaski 38
36 at Tippecanoe 95
22 Richland Center 101
31 at Talma 65
31 at Monterey 37
42 at Fulton 78
Tourney at West Twp.
34 Tyner 60
25 West Twp. 40
40 Macy 76
Fulton County Tourney at Rochester
36 Akron 63
30 at Kewanna 77
38 at Medaryville 66
37 at Pulaski 58
23 Fulton 63
20 at Richland Center 88
36 Monterey 35
39 at Grass Creek 47
Rochester Sectional
42 Winamac 45

1951-52
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (6-14)
Roster Season Career
Jay Coby, fr. 8
Norm Coby, sr. 7
Clinton "Bud" Cruss, jr. 60
Dan DeWitt 4
Lee Hartle, jr. 1
Dean Lahman, jr. 27
Kenny Plantz, jr. 235
Bob Reinhold soph. 2
Don Reinholt, soph. 187
Ron Reinholt, soph. 4
Joe Sixby, sr. 59
Dick Young, sr. 177
Scores
51 at Akron 71
43 at Pulaski 47
11 at Tippecanoe 73
29 at Richland Center 60
41 Talma 26
51 Monterey 47
Tourney at West Twp.
40 West Twp. 60
47 Tyner 48
38 Macy 39
41 Medaryville 39
Fulton County Tourney at Rochester
37 Kewanna 49
35 Pulaski 64
37 at New Waverly 34
25 at Kewanna 49
35 Pulaski 64
37 at New Waverly 34
39 at Fulton 61
46 Richland Center 30
42 Monterey 23
34 Grass Creek 44
35 at West Twp. 42
Winamac Sectional
27 Rochester 38

1952-53
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (9-12)
Coach: Will Veach
Roster Season Career
Clinton "Bud" Crull, 5-9 sr. 95 256
Jay Coby, 5-10 soph. 107
Carl Denny, 5-5 soph. 3
Lee Hartle, 5-2 sr. 2 3
Jerry Hartz, 5-11 jr. 2
Ralph Kistler, 5-7 fr. 8
Don Kline, 5-5 fr. 1
Dean Lahman, 5-5 sr. 37 85
Terry Mishler, 5-6 fr 0
Kenny Plantz, 6-1 sr. 299 651
Bob Reinhold, 5-0 jr. 15
Don Reinholt, 6-2, jr. 359
Ron Reinholt, 5-7 jr. 77
John Strycker, 5-9 jr. 40
Scores
42 at Akron
41 at Macy
52 Pulaski (at Winamac)
51 at Tippecanoe
69 at Talma
57 at Monterey
45 Fulton
Tourney at West Twp.
48 Tyner
52 West Twp.
29 Richland Center
43 at Kewanna
Fulton County Tourney at Rochester
47 Fulton
83 New Waverly 37
50 Pulaski 61
68 Monterey 42
38 at Richland Center 65
60 at Grass Creek 57
46 at Medaryville 58
35 at West Twp 42
Rochester Sectional
48 Star City 44
46 Winamac 62

1953-54
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (7-13)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Jay Coby, 6-0 jr. 277
Carl Denny, 5-8 jr. 0
Terry Hartz 6-0 soph. 5
Ralph Kistler, 6-0 soph. 129
Terry Mishler, 5-9 soph. 55
Bob Reinhold, 5-5 sr. 26 43
Don Reinholt, 6-3 sr. 344 1023
Ron Reinholt, 5-10 sr 123 204
John Sage, 5-6 fr. 0
John Strycker, 5-8 sr. 103 147
Scores
57 at Akron 72
69 at Talma 59
46 at Monterey 48
38 at Fulton 41
51 at Pulaski 50
Tourney at West Twp.
49 Grovertown 42
47 West Twp. 43
47 at Kewanna 50
Fulton County Tourney at Rochester
50 Rochester "B" 54
49 Pulaski (ar Rochester) 50
55 Francesville 65
48 Medaryville 70
51 Macy 52
46 Richland Center 64
51 Star City 67
59 Monterey 37
54 Grass Creek 44
53 Tippecanoe 56
57 West Twp. 46
Winamac Sectional
53 Francesville 63

1954-55
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (5-16)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Gene Cannadey, 6-1 sr. 5 5
Jay Coby, 6-0 sr. 447 879
Carl Denny, 5-8 sr. 3 6
Ralph Kistler, 5 sr. 237
Don Kline, 5-10 jr. 7
Terry Mishler, 5-8 jr. 106
Richard Poort, 5-4 jr. 93
Stan Reinholt, 6-0 fr. 183
John Sage, 5-6 soph. 12
Joe Strycker, 5-10 jr. 12
Scores
44 at Argos
43 Akron
61 at Macy
34 at Tippecanoe
44 Grovertown
45 Talma
40 at Richland Center
53 Fulton
59 Pulaski
Tourney at West Twp.
40 West Twp.
53 Tyner (OT)
37 Kewanna
Fulton County Tourney at Rochester
60 Grass Creek 53
50 Akron 69
59 at Medaryvlle
38 Francesville
77 Star City (2 OT)
71 Monterey
56 at Grass Creek
81 at West Twp
Rochester Sectional
56 Star City

1955-56
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (5-16)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Donald Burman 5-11 jr. 51
Vernon Coby, 5-10 jr. 59
Don Kline, 5-11 sr. 67 75
Jim Kline, 5-11 fr. 12
Mick Lahmon, 5-5 soph. 1
Harlan Marks, 5-10 soph. 134
Lynn Mishler, 5-9 jr. 43
Terry Mishler, 5-9 sr. 133 194
Richard Parker, 5-7 soph. 5
Richard Poort, 5-5 sr. 114 207
Stan Reinholt, 6-2 soph 324
John Sage, 5-7 jr 18
Joe Strycker, 5-11 sr 18 30
Chuck Troutman, 5-10 soph. 0
Scores
50 Talma 75
42 Akron 82
59 Macy 69
50 Tippecanoe 49
47 Grovertown 74
56 Talma 72
31 Richland Center 66
29 Atwood 50
50 Pulaski 30
36 Monterey 82
38 Kewanna 61
46 Fulton 43
45 Akron 67
40 Medaryville 42
40 Star City 57
45 Argos 74
57 Grass Creek 86
40 Washington Twp. 80
68 West Twp. 57
Knox Sectional
71 Pulaski 54
32 Winamac 75

1956-57
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (17-5)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Tom Bowersox, 5-10 jr. 63
Lewie Braden, soph. 0
Steve Brown, 6-1 jr. 28
Bud Hartle, 6-0 sr. 55 77
Jim Kline, 6-2 jr. 249
Mick Lahmon, 5-11 sr. 108 192
Ed Lane, 6-2 sr. 15 15
Ronn Lett, 5-10 jr. 0
Harley Marks, 5-11 sr. 195 617
Richard Parker, 5-9 sr. 140 259
Stan Reinholt, 6-3 sr. 433 1391
Jack Reinholt, soph. 0
Chuck Troutman, 6-0 sr. 5 9
Scores
47 at Akron 50
57 Tippecanoe 68
57 Atwood 29
76 at Talma 57
77 Grovertown (at Knox) 65
52 Richland Center 45
59 Pulaski (at Winamac) 67
66 at Monterey 47
Aubbee Twp. Tourney
71 Grass Creek 57
58 Monterey 45
51 Kewanna 61
73 at Fulton 62
Fulton County Tourney
31 Akron 53
38 Medaryville 56
73 Star City 59
97 Hamlet (at Knox) 38
76 Grass Creek 45
61 West Twp. 59
76 Argos 66
Sectional
71 Medaryville (2 OT) 74

1958-59
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (18-4)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Tom Bowersox, 5-9 sr 182 255
Lewie Braden, 6-0 jr. 107
Tom Bridegroom, 5-11 sr. 7 7
Steve Brown, 6-2-1/2 sr. 417 445
Wayne Cannedy, 6-2-1/2 jr. 60
Jim Kline, 6-2-1/2 sr. 408 930
Ron Lett, 5-10 sr. 26 26
Willie Lockett 6-0 soph. 2
Jack Reinholt, 6-2-1/2 jr. 177
Keith Shirley, fr. 2
Keith Thomas, 6-3-1/2 jr. 10
Scores
78 Akron 67
57 Tippecanoe (at Talma) 54
71 Talma 43
52 Grovertown 49
54 at Richland Center 46
50 Pulaski 51
75 Monterey 52
Aubbee Twp Tourney
68 Richland Center 41
68 Grass Creek 59
Fulton County Tourney at Akron
51 Kewanna
66 Grass Creek 60
61 Akron 46
53 Kewanna 44
54 at Medaryvile (OT) 52
65 Star City (at Royal Center) 60
74 Hamlet 44
74 Grass Creek
69 at Culver
100 at West Twp.
50 at Argos 71
Knox Sectional
52 Medaryville 54

1959-60
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (8-12)
Roster Season Career
Lewis Braden, 6-0 sr. 260 367
Larry Brockey, 5-8 soph. 0
Wane Cannedy, 6-2-1/2 sr. 170 230
Dave Lane, 6-2 jr. 11
Willie Lockett, 6-1 jr. 189
Bob Norman, 6-0 fresh. 0
Jack Reinholt, 6-2-1/2 sr. 267 444
Melvin Shaffer, 5-9 sr 0 0
Keith Shirley, 5-10 soph. 18
Keith Thomas, 6-3-1/2 sr. 140 150
Scores
48 at Akron
41 Culver
41 Tippecanoe
43 at Talma
49 Grovertown (at Walkerton)
33 Lakeville
59 Richland Center
45 at Monterey
Tourney at Leiters Ford
55 Monterey
52 Richland Center
47 Kewanna
47 at Fulton
Fulton County Tourney
53 Grass Creek
63 Medaryville
78 Star City
51 Hamlet (at Union Twp.)
67 Grass Creek
82 West Twp.
54 Argos
Knox Sectional
46 Medaryville

1960-61
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (11-11)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Larry Brockey, 5-7 jr. 53
Gary Feltis, 5-10 fr. 0
Jerry Holcomb, 5-9 sr. 10 10
Joe Holcomb, 5-9 fr. 133
Dave Lane, 6-2 sr. 45 56
Willie Lockett, 6-0 sr 443 634
Larry Mishler, 5-11 jr. 146
Jim Murray, 6-0 fr. 2
Glen Patton, 6-2-1/2 soph 38
Stan Roberts, 5-10 jr. 130
Keith Shirley, 5-11 jr. 207
Scores
50 Akron 41
43 at Culver 60
47 San Pierre 42
43 Talma 51
53 Grovertown 32
52 at Lakeville 72
73 at Richland Center 90
38 Monterey 47
Tourney at Leiters Ford
58 Richland Center (OT) 63
46 Grass Creek 45
48 Kewanna 53
58 Fulton 51
Fulton County Tourney at Akron
83 Fulton 69
62 Grass Creek 53
63 Richland Center 65
49 at Medaryville 48
63 at Star City 50
62 Hamlet 44
54 Grass Creek 71
78 at West Twp. 47
47 at Argos 59
Winamac Sectional
40 Knox 70

1961-62
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (11-9)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Don Bowen, 5-5 soph. 0
Larry Brockey, 5-9 sr. 49 102
Gary Feltis, 5-10 soph. 125
Mike Hartz 5-9 soph. 2
Joe Holcomb, 6-0 soph. 280
Tom Kelly, 6-1 jr. 0
Larry Mishler, 6-0 sr. 126 272
Jim Murray 6-1 soph. 135
Kenny Olin, 6-3 soph. 2
Glen Patton, 6-2 jr. 202
John Reichard, 5-10 soph. 7
Stan Roberts, 6-0 sr. 158 288
Scores
59 at Akron 41
60 Culver 54
39 at San Pierre 46
49 at Talma 52
52 Grovertown (at West) 54
50 Richland Center 42
55 Monterey 44
Tourney at Leiters Ford
44 Talma 45
59 Monterey 53
46 Kewanna 38
50 South Caston (at Fulton) 65
Fulton County Tourney at Fulton
49 Talma 61
76 Medaryville 50
47 Star City (OT) 45
66 Hamlet (at Union Twp) 58
43 North Caston 57
92 West Twp. 49
45 Lakeville 51
58 Argos 43
Knox Sectional
52 Hamlet 54

1962-63
AUBBEENUABBEE TWP. (18-6)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Don Bowen, 5-7 jr. 32
Gary Feltis, 5-10 jr. 152
Mike Hartz, 5-10 jr. 49
Joe Holcomb, 6-1/2 427
Gene Kelly, 5-11 sr. 29 29
Jim Murray, 6-1 jr. 159
Kenny Olin, 6-3-1/2 jr. 160
Glen Patton, 6-2-1/2 sr. 179 419
John Reichard, 5-9 jr. 144
Bob Thompson, 5-7 sr 0 0
Dudley Van Meter, jr. 1
Scores
55 at Culver 42
48 San Pierre 42
55 Talma 42
43 Grovertown 37
63 at Richland Center 55
52 Monterey 38
45 Kewanna (OT) 44
Tourney at Leiters Ford
71 Richland Center 64
37 Talma 53
57 South Caston 59
TVAC Tourney at Knox
42 Grovertown 36
48 Kewanna 36
49 Medaryville 47
44 at Medaryville 53
44 Hamlet 45
53 at North Caston 63
81 at Star City 67
82 West Twp. 48
67 Lakeville (at Bremen) 54
56 at Argos 38
76 Akron 67
Winamac Sectional
47 North Judson 46
56 Hamlet 49
59 Knox (OT) 62

1963-64
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (16-7)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Don Bowen, 5-9 sr. 161 193
Terry Engle, jr. 41
Gary Feltis, 5-11 sr 168 445
Mike Hartz, 5-11 sr. 75 134
Joe Holcomb, 6-3 sr. 484 1324
Gene Kelly, 5-11 sr. 0 4
Jim Murray, 6-1-1/2 173 469
Ken Olin, 6-5 sr. 75 237
Gene Reichard, soph. 6
John Reichard, 5-11 sr. 253 404
Dudley Van Meter, 6-5 sr. 64 65
Scores
68 North Caston 84
63 Culver 77
62 at Southeastern (Cass) 64
82 Richland Center 65
51 Oregon-Davis 52
57 Monterey 24
88 Kewanna 56
Tourney at Leiters Ford
88 Monterey 66
61 Richland Center 54
69 South Caston 62
TVAC Tourney at Knox
52 Monterey 46
61 Oregon-Davis 73
87 Medaryville
106 Star City
75 at Tyner
99 West Twp.
49 Lakeville
88 Argos
43 at Bremen
66 Akron
Knox Sectional
64 Monterey
72 Knox
47 Wnamac

1964-65
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (12-11)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
- - - - Carpenter 2
Terry Engle, 5-11 sr. 372 413
Jim Lancaster, 5-11 sr. 185
Joe Nunn, 5-10 jr. 146
Gene Reichard, 5-9 jr. 172
Dwayne Shaffer, 55 jr. 83
John Overmyer, 4-9 jr. 27
Bill Davis, 5-10 jr. 6
Russell Parker, 5-6 soph. 267
Bob Ripperger, 5-7 soph. 164
Scores
47 Richland Center 42
50 at Caston 75
70 at West Twp. (2 OT) 63
61 Monterey 52
60 Kewanna 59
58 Fair Oaks 45
46 Lakeville (at Madison) 77
Holiday Tourney at Leiters Ford
58 Kewanna 72
59 Richland Center 57
75 Tefft 49
67 Medaryville 89
TVAC Tourney at Knox
55 Star City 54
61 Oregon-Davis 63
76 Medaryville 85
68 at Star City 71
80 LaPaz (at Culver) 79
68 Kewanna 93
60 Oregon-Davis 75
57 Tyner 55
79 at Richland Center 83
69 Akron 67
Winamac Sectional
53 Star City 49
43 Winamac 103

1965-66
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (4-17)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Bill Davis, 5-11 sr. 95 101
John Leap, 5-1 soph. 2
Clayton Nichols, 5-9 jr. 0
Joe Nunn, 6-0 sr. 407 553
John Overmyer, 4-11 sr. 84 111
Russell Parker 5-8 jr. 185
Gene Reichard, 5-9 sr. 117 295
Bob Ripperger, 5-8 jr. 180
Terry Seese, 6-0 sr. 62 62
Dwayne Shaffer, 5-5 sr. 87 170
Don Strobel, 6-0 jr. 0
John Szponar, 5-9 fr. 114
Scot Van Horn, 5-9 fr. 0
Scores
63 at Tyner 59
48 Caston 76
67 at Argos 68
71 at Bethany Christian 72
65 Monterey 73
53 Kewanna 57
63 at Walkerton 87
72 Francesville 59
Tourney at Leiters Ford
60 Kewanna 80
57 Star City 62
75 Silver Lake 91
68 Medaryville 65
59 LaVille 72
TVAC Tourney at Knox
56 Monterey 72
58 Star City 81
63 at Oregon-Davis 83
73 Kewanna 91
51 Culver Military 68
84 at Akron 108
Knox Sectional
88 LaCrosse 60
43 Winamac 89

1966-67
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (5-15)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Denny Calhoun, 5-9 sr. 0 0
Dan Ehlinger, 5-5 jr 0
John Grizzell, 6-2-1/2 soph. 2
Leonard Ring, 5-10 sr. 0 0
John Leap, 5-5 jr. 126
Clayton Nichols, 5-10 sr. 47 47
Russell Parker, 5-9 sr. 362 814
Bob Ripperger, 5-9 sr. 293 637
Larry Shaffer, 5-5 soph. 0
Don Strobel, 6-1 sr. 18 18
John Szponar, 6-2 soph. 351
Scot Van Horn, 5-10 soph. 89
Alan Wentzel, soph. 2
Scores
66 at Jackson Twp. 78
65 Caston 94
70 Argos 80
87 Bethany Christian 77
70 Monterey 68
50 Kewanna 59
79 Francesville 88
Tourney at Leiters Ford
74 Star City 70
45 Monterey 83
74 at Medaryville 78
TVAC Tourney
53 Monterey 69
66 at Star City 106
63 Oregon-Davis 58
59 at Glenn 81
54 Kewanna 56
47 at Culver Military 67
78 at LaCrosse (OT) 75
43 Akron 75
69 at White's 74
Knox Sectional
69 Winamac 74

1967-68
AUBBEENAUBBEE TWP. (5-15)
Coach: John Nelson
Roster Season Career
Charles Cannon, 5-10 jr. 4
Rick Davis, 6-0 jr. 0
Dan Ehlinger 5-6 sr. 91 91
Don Ehlinger 6-0 soph. 2
Jack Graham, 5-11 jr. 0
Mike Grau, 5-9 sr. 58 58
John Grizzell, 6-2-1/2 jr. 0
Greg Lancaster, 5-11 jr. 0
John Leap, 5-6 sr. 398 526
Larry Shaffer, 5-7 jr. 207
John Szponar, 6-2-1/2 jr. 492
Scot Van Horn, 5-10 jr. 100
Alan Wentzel, 6-0-1/2 jr. 192
Scores
71 Jackson Twp. 59
71 at Caston 78
61 at Argos 82
60 at Bethany Christian (N.P.) 72
66 at Monterey 48
56 Kewanna 40
62 at Glenn 73
81 West Central 66
Aubbee Holiday Tourney
63 Kewanna 39
76 Monterey 86
81 Wheeler 85
69 at Kouts 76
87 Star City 74
82 at Oregon-Davis (Tyner) 92
86 Kewanna 54
68 at Star City (Winamac) 61
99 LaCrosse 69
55 at Akron 116
88 White's 61
Sectional
68 Monterey 72
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 80-85]

THE CLOSING OF AUBBEE SCHOOL
By Ralph and Linda Stayton
In the 1960's the families in Leiters Ford continued to enjoy the privileges of having a 12 grade school in our community. The businesses prospered due to the "traffic" in town. Families remained in the area as they enjoyed the proximity of a good school. Church attendance remained stable at the U. M. Church as people also attended the local church. Athletic events, especially basketball in the winter, brought nearly everyone to the school to attend exciting games and enjoy the rivalry between other small schools. The Wil-Wood Cafe remained open as residents in the township came to school functions and gathered there before and afterwards. Graduation ceremonies, class plays, active PTA groups all knitted the community together. The school was the hub of the community. As surrounding schools consolidated and formed Rochester Community and Caston School districts, Aubbeenaubbee Township followed the trend and formed a corporation with three other surrounding areas: Tippecanoe Township in Pulaski County, North Bend Township in Starke County and Union Township and town of Culver in Marshall County. The hope and enticement of the organizers was that at least the grade schools would remain in the areas of Monterey and Leiters Ford. North Bend had no school of its own. The last high school graduation ceremonies were held in May of 1968. High school students were then bussed to Culver Community High School.
In the early 1970's there were rumors that the Culver Community School Corporation could not maintain the three grade schools. Every year there were efforts and proposals of the administration to close either Monterey or Aubbeenaubbee Township grade school. Of course, neither Leiters Ford nor Monterey wanted to "lose" its school. The Aubbeenaubbee Township building was one of the newest buildings - only 25 years old. The issue was kept alive year after year. In January 1978 the junior high students in the corporation were consolidated in one building at Culver.
The residents of Aubbee Township could see the handwriting on the wall. The battle to keep the junior high students was over. Everyone knew that if our school building couldn't be maintained for eight grades, the school board would not approve maintaining a building for even fewer students. The community prepared to battle and hoped that students could be brought from Union Township to increase the population. On Monday evening April 17, 1978 the Culver Community School Board voted 3-2 to close the Aubbeenaubbee Township Elementary School at the end of that term and send the students to either Monterey or Culver. The session was marked by heated arguments of the public both for and against the move, angry verbal exchanges between spectators and school board members, and between the school board members themselves. There were over 300 persons in attendance. The school board members who voted in favor of closing the school were Paul Snyder, Harold Fitterling, and Cecil Lucas. Paul Davidson of Leiters Ford and Donald Keller of Monterey voted against.
It was a real blow to the community of Leiters Ford Many other small towns in Indiana had been through the same scenario. What would happen to the building which no longer was used as a school? It was still in good condition. The township, still suffering from its wounds, wanted to retain the building and decide its future. The Corporation deeded the property back to the township. However with no heat being maintained, the plumbing lines soon froze and burst. The roof started to leak and caused plaster to fall. Vandals broke in and damaged the walls and broke windows. Each year it deteriorates more and is an eyesore to the community. It is nothing but a reminder of the good old days when little children walked the streets to and from school and residents could hear the happy boices of children at play during recess.
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 85-86]
THE LOVELY LADY OF LEITERS FORD
By Patsy Leap Holcomb (Class of 1963)
9160 SW 55th Court
Cooper City FL 33328
This article was written after I returned to Kansas City from attending the last Alumni Banquet to be held in the Aubbee Twp. Gym, June, 1986.
Did I know her? Ah, yes, I knew her well. She was special. Although she lies terminally ill now, she was once a fine lady.
I went to see her last week. I remembered walking through her front door as a first grader on the first day her doors were opened to students and then 12 short years later dressed in a pale blue gown and mortar board, clutching a navy leather-bound diploma in one hand and a long-stemmed white rose in the other, marching out again triumphantly to the strains of "Pomp and Circumstance." We were like young birds fluttering out of the nest for the first time, and like those young birds, many of us would crash land many times before we learned to soar gracefully in life.
We all came back to spend probably our last evening with her. She had become withered, smaller than we remembered. She watched us walk in the door, straight and proud, and she remembered what her purpose had been. We had returned, not as athletes and scholars, but as nurses, business people, teachers, executives, etc. Our paths had taken us in many directions - some near, some far. Yet common to each of us was a firm value system that had been instilled in us within her walls.
We laughed and reminisced, then brought each other up to date on our lives. We looked at snapshots of families with people we had never seen before, but who looked strangely familiar. She watched over our shoulders and listened silently, knowing she had not lived in vain.
Of what is she dying, you ask? Oh, I guess it was an attempt at progress or maybe merely a cruel politician's joke played on the common people. I only know they are killing a fine lady whose children left her fold and went out to make their world a better place.
We're leaving now; the noise level softens. We stop to gaze at the maples on the front lawn that we remember as mere saplings. Perhaps this is another of life's injustices. Now that they're tall enough to provide shade for relaxing students, there are no students!
But, give me something material so that when I can no longer see and touch her hallowed halls, I can have concrete evidence that she did exist. Let me cling to her memory as her death draws near. Yet, can her memory ever die as long as Aubbeenaubbee Twp. High School graduates walk on this planet called Earth?
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 86-87]

GROWING UP IN LEITERS FORD IN 1970's
By Susan Stayton Banning
Growing up in Leiters Ford and Aubbee Twp. was a little like living in Mayberry, except there was no Sheriff. Everyone in our community knew each other well and were neighbors in every sense. A highlight for me as a child was the annual Strawberry Festival. As a little girl, I looked forward to this event for weeks and dreamed about being the Strawberry Festival Queen someday.
One of the best things to me was having my school practically in my front yeard, just a "stone's throw" away. I certainly can't tell my kids any tales about having to walk miles to school in the snow on cold winter days. Like our township, the name of the grade school was AUBBEENAUBBEE. That was very challenging for all the kids to learn to spell, but it was kind of fun. We also learned about the Indian chief after whom our township and school were named.
I went to "Aubbee" for 8 years (1968-1977). In fact, my class was one of the last to complete the full eight grades before the consolidation and eventual closing of the school. It was a very "secure" feeling for me to be a part of a small class of about 20 kids. We got to know each other well. I still can recall the birthdates of a lot of my classmates. It was a shock for me when I went to high school in Culver - imagine having 100 kids in my class!!
My first teacher was Mrs. Daniels. I remember at the end of my kindergarten year, I heard the kids talking about passing and flunking. I guess I misinterpreted the meaning, because on the last day of school I went home and informed my folks that I had "flumped." Fortunately, I was wrong.
A highlight during every school year was the big ballgame when each class played another in a game of basketball. We girls practiced cheers for weeks and made homemade pom-poms out of black and orange crepe paper. On the big night we wore orange and black outfits (sewn the previous night by Ma) and yelled, "2 BITS, 4 BITS, 6 BITS, A DOLLAR. . . ALL FOR AUBBEE, STAND UP AND HOLLER!" Of course, everyone stood and yelled.
For our 8th grade class trip, we went to King's Island in Cincinnati with the eighth grade class of Monterey. We got to know them in Junior High during combined "A & M Bomber" basketball games. We raised money for our class trip selling candy and lightbulbs.
Most of my memories of Aubbeenaubbee School are centered at the school yard where we had recess and played after school. Many hours were spent playing on the swings, teeter-totters and slides. When I go "home" to visit my folks now, I take my two-year old daughter, Lindsay, across the fence to the school yard. Everything looks the same to me except for the skeleton of the unused school building. When I am there, I see things through a child's eyes. Every crack in the sidewalk and cement brings back fond memories of jumping rope and playing hopscotch. For a few minutes, I feel like I am 20 years younger!
[FCHS Images No. 2, pp 87-88]

LEITERS FORD HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHERS
1898-99: Prin. C. L. Slonaker.
1901-02: Prin. Arthur Deemer / Aaron Bowman. [?]
1903-04: Prin. James P. Hines; Martha Cook, Asst.
1915-16: A. V. Deemer, Prin., Math., Sci.; Marie Smith, Eng., Lat., Hist.; Eva Robinson, Supervisor Dom. Sci.; Paul Guise, Ind. Arts.
1917-18: Prin. Marie Smith, Eng., Lat.; Verna Light, Hist., Comm. Arith., Dom. Sci.; L. C. Hoff, Sci., Math., Man Tr.; Florence Rouch, Art., Mu.
1918-19: Prin. Leroy Hoff, Man. Tr., Math.; Clara Costello, Hist., Dom. Sci., Mu., Superv. Dom. Sci.; Kathleen Berry, Lat., Eng.
1929-30: Enrol. (1-8) 182, (9-12) 75. Prin. Geo. F. Meltzer, Lat., Soc. Sc., Biol.; Mrs Geo. F. Meltzer, Eng., Math. Walter Rusk, Voc. Agri., Biol.; Mrs. Walter Rusk, Voc. H. Ec.; LaVonne Thompson, Mu., Eng., Art; Norman Hiatt, 7-8; Mary Hoover, 5-6; Mrs. Herbert Brown, 3-4; Lena Wenger, 1-2.
1930-31: Enrol. (1-8) 115, (9-12) 73. Prin. Joe S. Guise, Math., Hist.; Mrs. Geo. F. Meltzer, Eng., Sc.; Mildred Tobey, Voc., H. Ec.; Russell Stuart, Lat., Mu., Eng.; Norman Hiatt, 7-8; Mary (Hoover) Miller, 5-6; Olive Copllen, 3-4; Lena Wenger, 1-2; Walter Rusk, Voc. Agri., Sc.
1931-32: Enrol. (1-8) 134, (9-12) 75. Prin. Joe Guise, Math., Hist.; Ralph Owens, Ind. Arts, Sc., H.; Sarah B. Owens, Eng., Music, H.E.; Blanche Shortridge, Lat., Soc. Sc.; Frances Davidson, Eng., Soc. Sc.; Norman Hiatt, 7, 8; Carrie Sharp, 5, 6; Olive Coplen, 3, 4; Lena Wenger, 1, 2.
1932-33: Enrol. (1-8) 144, (9-12) 79 Prin. J. H. Barr, Lat. Sci.; Frances Davidson, Eng., Soc. St.; Sarah B. Owens, Eng., Mu., H. Ec.; Arthur F. Knepp, Math., Ind. A., Soc. St., Coach; Ralph L. Murray, 7-8; Frances Walsh, 5-6; Olive Coplen, 3-4; Nondus Pearson, 1-2.
1933-34: Enrol. (1-8) 137, (9-12) 73. Prin. Harold Young, Soc. St., Lat., Math.; Frances Davidson, H.E., Eng.; Roy Johnson, Math., Sci., Mu.; Russell Walters, Ag., Sci., Phy. Ed.; Ralph Murray, 7-8; Alice Overmyer, 5-6; Olive Coplen, 3-4; Frances Walsh, 1-2.
1934-35: Enrol. (1-8) 134, (9-12) 80. Prin. Harold Young, Soc. St., Lat., Math.; Frances Davidson, H.E., Eng.; Roy Johnson, Math., Mu.; Russell Walters, Ag., Sci., Phy. Ed.; Ralph Murray, 7-8; Alice Overmyer, 5-6; Olive Coplen, 3-4; Mary Norris, 1-2.
1935-36: Enrol (1-8) 126, (9-12) 83. Prin. H. L. Short, Math, Sci., Soc. St.; Dorothy Kirp, Eng., Lat., Mu.; Ruth Stine, Eng., H.E., Phy. Ed., H.; Russell Walters, Soc. St., Ind. A., Phy. Ed.; A. F. Ginther, 7-8; Alice Overmyer, 5-6; Olive Coplen, 3-4; Mary Norris, 1-2.
1936-37: Prin. H. L. Short, Math., Soc. St.; David F. Batthauer, Ind. A., Soc. St., Sci., Phy. Ed.; Korothy Kirp, Eng., Lat., Mu.; Elizabeth McCallister, H.E., Eng., H., Art; Paul A. Hoover, 7-8; Evelyn Mow, 4-6; Mary Norris, 1-3.
1937-38: Enrol. (1-8) 107, (9-12) 66. Prin. H. L. Short, Math., Sci., Soc. St.; David F. Batthauer, Ind. A., Sci. Soc St., Phys. Ed.; Alice Weyer Morlock, Eng., Lat., Mu. Orch.; Margaret E. Smith, Eng., H. Ec., Phys. Ed.; Paul Hoover, 7-8; Evelyn Mow, 4-6; Mary Norris, 1-3.
1938-39: Enrol. (1-8) 111, (9-12) 74. Prin. H. L. Short, Math.; Bennie C. Decker, Com., Phys. Ed.; Marjorie E. Koch, Eng., Lat., Mu., Orch.; Margaret E. Smith, Eng., H. Ec., Phys. Ed.; Wilbur J. Stump, Soc St., Sci., Ind. A.; John Shonk, 7-8; Frances Gillespie, 4-6; Mary Nortis, 1-3.
1939-40: Enrol. (1-8) 100, (9-12) 83. Prin. Roy C. Harrison, Math., Sci.; Bennie C. Decker, Com., Phys. Ed., H.; Marjorie E. Koch, Eng., Lat., Mu., Orch.; Margaret E. Smith, Eng., H. Ec., Phys. Ed.; Wilbur J. Stump, Soc. St., Sci., Ind. A.; John Shonk, 7-8; Paul A. Hoover, 4-6; Mary Norris, 1-3.
1940-41: Enrol. (1-8) 119, (9-12) 81. Prin. Roy C. Harrison, Soc. St.; Thomas E. Berry, Math., Sci., Ind. A., Soc. St.; Loren E. Hardsaw, Com., Phys. Ed.; Martha H. Hoge, Eng., H. Ec., Phys Ed.; Eunice H. Meeks, Eng., Lat., Mu.; Marion Martin, 7-8; Edgar J. Haney, 4-6; Mary Norris, 1-3.
1941-42: Enrol. (1-8) 107, (9-12) 79. Prin. Roy C. Harrison, Soc. St.; Thomas E. Berry, Math., Sci., Ind. A.; Loren E. Hardsaw, Com., Phys. Ed.; Martha Hoge, Eng., H. Ec., Phys. Ed.; Wilma Macklin, Eng., Lat., Mu.; Albert F. Ginther, 7-8; Edgar J. Haney, 4-6; Mary Norris, 1-3.
1942-43: Enrol. (1-8) 110, (9-12) 70. Prin. Bruce Abernathy, Lat., Eng.; Paul Bridegroom, Math., Sci., Ag.; Birdie Gossman, Eng., Soc. St.; Harriet Stoudt, Com., Eng.; Gladys Wyland, Eng., H. Ec., Mu.; Albert Ginther, 7-8; Dorothy Smith, 4-6; Mary Bryan, 1-2.
1944-45: Enrol. (1-8) 111, (9-12) 61. Prin. Fred L. Anderson, Soc. St., P. E.; Esther L. Anderson, Eng., Lat.; Paul L. Bridegroom, Math., Sci.; Dorothy D. Singer, Com.; Gladys Minardow Wyland, H. Ec., Mu., B.; Paul A. Hoover, 7-8; Helen Shadle, 4-6; Mary Bryan, 1-3.
1946-47: Enrol (7-8) 34, (9-12) 71. Prin. Fred L. Anderson, Soc. St.; Esther L. Anderson, Eng., Lat.; Paul L. Bridegroom, Math., Sci., Paul A. Hoover, Eng., Sci., H. S., Ag.; Eli Partridge, Voc. Ag.; Laura Shanks, H. Ec.; William R. Smith, Com., P. E.; Glenn Skersick, Mu., B., Soc. St.
1948-49: Enrol. 95. Prin. Fred L. Anderson, Soc. St., Sci.; Esther L. Anderson, Eng., Lat.; Shyrl S. Bolander, Com., P. E.; Mary C. Darnell, Math., Sci.; Marian Dyer, Eng., H. Ec.; Gladys M. Wyland, Mu., B.
1949-50: Enrol. (7-8) 31, (9-12) 65. Prin. Fred L. Anderson, Soc. St., Sci.; Esther L. Anderson, Eng., Lat.; Shyrl S. Bolander, Com., P. E.; Mary C. Darnell, Math., Sci., Marian Dyer, Eng.,l H. Ec., Soc. St.; James Osmun, Mu., B.
1950-51: Enrol. (7-8) 36, (9-12) 54. Prin. Fred L. Anderson, Soc. St., Sci.; Esther L. Anderson, Eng., Lat.; Charles W. Bernhardt, Soc. St., Ind. A.; Mary C. Darnell, Math., Sci.; James Osmun, lMu., B.; Hugh E. Ressler, Com., P.E., Gladys M. Wyland, H. Ec.
1951-52: Enrol (1-6) 118, (7-8) 42, (9-12) 64. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St., H. S., Charles W. Bernhardt, Soc. St., Ind. A.; Vernie Bowen, Soc. St., Eng., Sci.; Onda Good, H. Ec., Math; Robert D. Smith, Eng., Sci.; Wilbur V. Veach, Com., P.E.; James Osmun, Mu., B.; Paul A. Hoover, 5-6; Frances Jagajewski, 4-5
1953-54: Enrol. (1-6) 110, (7-8) 47, (9-12) 72. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St., H. S., Vernie Bowen, Math., Ind A.; Marian Dyer, Eng.; Onda Good, H. Ec., Math.; John R. Nelson, Soc. St., P.E., H.S.; Gene Skirvin, Com., P.E., H.S.; Carl Doherty, Mu., B.; Paul A. Hoover, 5-6; Naomi Rector, 3-4; Olive G. Hoover, 2; Elizabeth Overmyer, 1.
1955-56: Enrol. (1-6) 132, (7-8) 41, (9-12) 78. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St., H.S.; Vernie Bowen, Math., Ind. A.; Onda Good, Voc. H. Ec., Sci., P.E.; Rex A. Good, Math., Soc. St., P.E.; Patricia Kistler, Eng., Lib.; John Nelson, Soc. St., H.S., P.E.; Charles Roush, Com.; Carl Doherty, Mu., B.; Paul A. Hoover, 5-6; Naomi Rector, 3-4; Olive G. Hoover, 2-3; Elizabeth Overmyer, 1-2.
1957-58: Enrol. (1-6) 141, (7-8) 32, (9-12) 75. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St., P.E.; Vernie Bowen, Math., Ind. A., Onda Good, Voc. H. Ec., Biol., P.E.; Rex A. Good, Math., Soc. St., Eng., H.S.; Robert L. Gordan, Eng.; John Nelson, Soc. St., H.S., P.E.; Charles Roush, Com.; Roland Stellhorn, B.; Ruth Ann Stellhorn, Mu., Paul A. Hoover, 6; Lois Bess Hand, 4-5; Naomi Rector, 3-4; Evelyn Cox, 2-3; Mary E. Hoover, 1.
1959-60: Enrol. (1-6) 145, (7-8) 52, (9-12) 69. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St., P.E.; Paul Bridegroom, Phys., Ind. A., Math.; Onda Good, Voc. H. Ec., Biol., P.E.; Rex A. Good, Math., Soc. St., H., Eng., Vis. Ed.; Patricia Kistler, Eng.; John R. Nelson, Soc. St.,
H., P.E., Coach; Charles Roush, Bus., School Treas.; Andrew Wise, Mu.; Leon Welling, 6; Lois Bess Hand, 4-5; Naomi Rector, 3-4; Evelyn Cox, 2-3; Elizabeth Hoover, 1-2.
1961-62: Enrol. (1-6) 119, (7-8) 49, (9-12) 62. Prin. Kenneth R. Olin, Soc. St.; Rex A. Good, Sci., Eng., Math., H.; Neva Mikesell, Eng.; Russell Burns, Ind. A., Math., Phys.; Onda Good, H. Ec., Geom., Biol., P.E.; Betty Jean Boose, Bus.; John Nelson, H., P.E., Soc. St., Coach; Charles Byfield, Mu.; Henrietta Patton, School Clerk; Leon Welling, 5-6; Bess Hand, 4-5; Helen Shadle, 2-3; Elizabeth Hoover, 1-2.
[F.C.H.S. files]

LEITERS FORD HIGH SCHOOL
ALUMNI
[as of 1983]
1901
Marie Kline Ingrahm Deceased
Frank Newcomer Deceased
Harry Brugh Deceased
Martha Cook Scott Deceased
Stella Bailey Buswell Deceased
Lucretia Campbell Van Kirk Deceased
Carl Biddinger Deceased
1902
Stephen Milliser Deceased
Wesley Kaley Deceased
Walter Myers Deceased
Nellie Wagoner Babcock Deceased
1903
Sarah Zuck Reinke
Otto Beery Deceased
Frances Jay Ginther Deceased
Harry Ginther Deceased
Grover C. Kline Deceased
Emma Lough Richards Deceased
Frank Shadel Deceased
Edith Lough Moon Deceased
1904
Pauline Hetzner Cantwell Deceased
Ralph Newcomer Deceased
Della Edington Heeter Deceased
1905
Lawrence Hackett Deceased
Lester Brugh Deceased
Ruby Lucas Brookover Deceased
Sarah Shadel Hay Deceased
Charles Decker Deceased
Carrietta Van Kirk Castleman Deceased
1906
Mary McGrew Cavender Deceased
Jeanette Campbell Williams Deceased
Chloe Barger Hackett Deceased
Clara Hetzner Baldwin Deceased
1907
Albert Van Kirk Deceased
Earl Markin Deceased
Guy Shadel Deceased
1908
Bertha Zuck Cerden
S. L. Overmyer Stayton Deceased
William Cook Deceased
Paul Guise Deceased
George Kaley Deceased
Ethel Freels Kimmel Deceased
Donna Kurtz Bernard Deceased 5-1-81
Grace Jones Cook Deceased
1909
Louise Ginther Durr Deceased
Dessie Durr Newcomer Deceased
Jennie Robinson Emley Deceased
Lyle Overmyer Smith Deceased
1910
Fern Watson Ellis Deceased
Edith Hetzner Kissinger Deceased
Don Robinson Deceased 4-1977
Eunice Baker Buswell Deceased
Earnest Barger Deceased
Mabel Rarrick Harathorn Deceased
1911
Effie Hodge Bumbarger
Fern Rarrick Blocker
Ralph Cook Deceased
Carrie Van Kirk Deceased
Carl Hay Deceased
Omer E. Reichard Deceased 2-9-1976
Roy Faulstitch Deceased
1912
(Last year for 3 year high school)
Helen Blair Shadle, P.O. Box 25, Kewanna, Indiana 46939
Don Biddinger Deceased
Orin Seeley Deceased
Zella Durr Deceased
Oliver Stayton Deceased
Hazel Rarrick Metzger Deceased
Evelyn Robinson Wolfran Deceased
Leroy Hodge Deceased
Loraine Seeley Deceased
1913
(First year of the 4 year high school)
Helen Blair Shadle
Clarence Young Deceased
Gertrude Davidson Pontius Deceased 1-1987
1914
Ola Shidaker Molter, Goodland, Indiana
Alva Summers
Guy Davis Deceased
Ethel Leiter Wolfran Deceased
Lulu Reinhold Deceased
Guy Freese Deceased
Willis Reish Deceased
Tressie Hetzner Deceased
Bertha McClain Tash Deceased
Ethel Edgington Potter Carson Deceased 1-3-1984
Lela Kelly Rheude Deceased 3- -1988
1915
Lucretia Bunn Sanns Deceased
Earl Hetzner Deceased
John Hutsell Deceased
Ralph Sheets Deceased
Charles Biddinger Deceased
Perry Overmyer Deceased
Florence Markles Deceased 3-15-1978
Melvin Shriver Deceased 6-17-1979
Gladys Leiter Kishbaugh Deceased
Burnis Yelton Kessler Overmyer Deceased 1981
Marie Sheets Barkman Deceased 5-10-86
Audrey Appleman Foley Deceased
Mildred Nafe Wakefield Deceased
1916
Olive Blair Galbreath, Golden Manor Health & Care Center, Hornady Rd. P.O. 226,
Brownsburg, Indiana
Clarence Kelly, 916 S. 20th Street, South Bend, Indiana 46615
Esther Miller Deceased
Margurite Reish Deceased
Paul Graham Deceased 1982
Joe Guise Deceased 4-24-1983
1917
Madge Bunn Wagner, 319 East Williams Street, Plymouth, Indiana 46563
Florence Reish Bridgins
Edna Beerwart Guise, 4719 High Ridge Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45238
Hugh Bridegroom Deceased
Donald Reed Deceased
Paul Bridegroom Deceased
May Robinson Coplen Deceased
Wanda Overmyer Haskins Deceased
1918
Dee C. Anderson, 1304 Washington Street, Rochester, Indiana 46975
Maude Davidson Bailey, 3400 Carpenter Rd. Apr. 416, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197
Walter Whitaker, 750 32nd Street, South Bend, Indiana 46615
Lucille Nafe Ferguson, 121 S. Craig Place, Lombard, Illinois 61048
Olive Guise Hoover Deceased
Maine Overmyer Jackson Deceased
Rovene Reinhart Ohrenstein Deceased
Lloyd Overmyer Deceased 1972
Fredona Reinhart Davis Deceased 12-16-88

1919
Edna Champ Sheets, 1205 Ridge Road, Orangewood Village, Holiday, Florida 33589
Adeline Kunda Racy, Cedar Creek Court, Bay Shores Drive, Dunedin, Florida 33628
[returned 5-5-86]
Wavie O'Blenis Mouiser, 11731 Riverview Blvd., RR 3, Osceola, Indiana 46561
[can't send invitation 4-28-85]
Ralph Murray Deceased
Inez Murray Deceased
Arthur Wentzel Deceased
Devaughn Walters Deceased 6-17-1985
Leonard Shriver Deceased 8-8-88
1920
Lucille Reinhart Mathis, 2025 East Lincoln, Apt 2105, Bloomington Illinois 61701
Audrey Reish Stahr, 516 N. Wayne Street, Piqua, Ohio 45356
Helen Brugh Overmyer Deceased 6-13-1988
Florence Freese Burns Deceased 1- -1989
Jess Harnard Deceased 4-30-1986
Agnes Murray Shriver Deceased
Bessie Harpster Deceased
Ralph Sanns Deceased
May Biddinger Underwood Deceased
Marguerite Kurtz Goodman Deceased
Gladys Votoy Smoker Deceased
1921
Clifford Cowen (Avanell Kurtz 1921),3035 Rue Marceau, Apt 1320 South Bend, Indiana
46615, (winter) 317 East Monument Avenue, Lakeside Apt 6, Kissimmee, Fla.,
32741
Avenelle Kurtz Cowen (See Clifford)
Norman Davis, 19541 Oak Road, Argos, Indiana
Gwendolyn Stubbs DeMont, 4172 Westshore Drive, Bremen, Indiana 46506
Orville Fisher Deceased 6-9-1949
Neoma Hartle Sanns Deceased
Lonnie Hale Deceased 1981
Emery Davis Deceased 3-25-88
1922
June Robinson Carpenter, 12 Flora Drive, Peru, Indiana 46870
Raymond Brugh, 902 Irvington Avenue, South Bend, Indiana 46614
Mildred Robinson Howe, Winamac, Indiana 46996
Clarence Whitaker, 59105 Crumstown Hwy, North Liberty, Indiana 46554
Robert Leiter, 204 52nd Avenue, Bradenton, Florida 33507, [final invitation 4-28-85]
Sidney Kistler Deceased
Theodore Campbell Deceased
Helen Mahler Walters Deceased
Harold Miller Deceased
Maurice Yelton Deceased
Francis Walsh Deceased
Bessie Baldwin Vorheis Deceased
Evert Hoesel Deceased 5-16-1987
1923
Cleo Mosher Willenberg, Hamilton Grove, 31869 Chicago Trail, New Carlisle, Ind. 46552
Mildred Brooker Hudkins, RR 3 Box 389, Rochester, Indiana 46975
Norman Best, we7 N. Le Blvd, DeLa Paix, Apt. 2812, South Bend, Indiana 46615
Gladys Freese Davis Deceased
Marguarete Moon Coughlin Deceased
Olive Robinson Deceased
LaMar Sarber Deceased
Everett Overmyer Deceased 1-30-1989
1924
Nobeline Brooker Spencer, 117 W. 10th Street, Rochester, Indiana 46975
Marie Cowen Addison, 718 34th Street, South Bend, Indiana 46615
Carl Stubbs, RR 2, Culver, Indiana 46511
Carol Biddinger Lechler, P.O. Box 316, Homosassa, Florida 32646
Naomi Harpster Sarber, P.O. Box 53, Bippus, Indiana46713
Dr. Russell Milliser Deceased
Mary Ethel Freese Jochin Deceased 4-1981
Orville Wentzel
Ethel Overmyer Harding Deceased 1984
Oren Butts Deceased 8-19-1985
1925
Verna Milliser Gaby, 1247 Vista Leaf Drive, Decatur, Georgie 30033
Mattie Stubbs Barth, Apt 507, Box 56, High Rise Bldg., Mishawaka, Indiana 46544
[didn't send invitation]
Dale Davis Deceased
Evelyn Wentzel Scheul Deceased
Mable Reinhold Reed Deceased
Cecil Young Deceased
Carl Fernbaugh Deceased 1-16-89
1926
Muriel Champ Overmyer, P.O. Box 337, Winona Lake, Indiana 46590
Clara Kelly Walsh, P.O. Box 121, Wheeler, Indiana 46393
Hazel Lewis Anderson, 1215 Fairington Court, Apt. 210, Unit 2, South Bend, Ind. 46614
[didn't send invitation 4-22-85]
Ruth Mosher Kochler, 3602 Ironwood, St. Pauls' HCC 212A, South Bend, Ind 46614
Alonzo Milliser Deceased
Thelma Robinson Freece Deceased
Grace Fernbaugh Baker Deceased
Ogden Marsh Deceased
Wayne Kistler Deceased 5-1982
Ora Reed Deceased 1-16-1984
Cecil Fields Deceased 3-9-1984
Helen Taylor Brugh Deceased 1984
Bernice Mahler Walle [didn't graduate]
1927
Hattie Reinhold Marshall, 133 N. Varsity Drive, South Bend, Indiana 46615
Virginia Ditmire Steinmeier, 17310 Quaker Lane, C24, Sandy Spring, MD 20860
Wilson Guise Deceased
Guy Nellans Deceased
Evelyn Stubbs Deceased
Carl McConkey Deceased
Kermit Biddinger Deceased
Albert Brugh Deceased
Jaunita Large Hicks Deceased
Margaret Calhoun Davis Deceased 9-3-1984
1928
Francis Davidson Woodford, 440 Dayton Tower Drive, Apt 913, Dayton, Ohio 45410
Julie Engle Storts, Lake Anoke Est 4, Avon Park, Florida 33825
Geraldine Robinson Murhling, Kewanna, Indiana 46939
Gladys Thompson Warren, 321 E. South "G", Gas City, Indiana 46933
Ralph Kistler Deceased
Louie May Edgington Deceased
Bernice Castleman Stamm Deceased
Clifford Lahman Deceased
Robert Beerwert Deceased
Charles Calhoun Deceased 1984
Alford Large Deceased 9-10-1987
Chester Bowersox Deceased 1-28-1989
Harry Edgington Deceased 3-25-89
1929
Ethel Stayton Rothpletz, 3605 W. Glendale Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85021
Florence Scheur Hunneshagen, RR 4 Rochester, Indiana 46975
Mable Perry Cecrle, 5318 E. Duncan Street, Mesa, Arizona 85205
Bernice Butt Jefferies, 26 Homestead, Decatur, Indiana 46733
Mary Langenbahn Lane, 60035 So. Sellows Street, South Bend, Indiana 46614
James Scheuer Deceased
Walter Stubbs Deceased 1982
Gertrude Reed Thompson Deceased 1985
Anna Decker Friermood Deceased 5-21-1988
1930
Betty Kistler Griffin, RR 1 Laurel Hill, Highlands, NC 28741 [refused letter 5-3-1984]
Marquise Freese, 115 S. Formose, Los Angeles, Calif, 90036
Robert Kline, RR 1 Box 8, Rochester, Indiana 46975
Frances Kline Bowersox, Box 211 Ozona, Florica 34660
Eve Reinhold Eschenbach, Canterbury Drive, Lot 20 Burn Harbor Estates Chesterton,
Indiana 46304
Grace Watson Reinhold, Monterey, Indiana 46960
Helen Watson Brucker, P.O. Box 82 Monterey, Indiana 46960
Irene Hunter Wilson, 812 S. Main Street, Culver, Indiana
Vernard Hartle Deceased
Charlotte McMillen Hiatt Deceased
Frank Wagoner Deceased
John Dennis Davidson Deceased
Herbert Bowersox Deceased
Annabell Freese Kline Deceased 12-12-1984
Earl Reinhold Deceased 8-16-1987
1931
Harry Shidaker (Betty Reames 1934), 321 N. Jackson Street, Bremen, Indiana 46506
Margaret Reed Kloppenstein, 54923 North Ellsworth Avenue, South Bend, IN 46615
Howard Heeter, RR Annville, PA 17003
Nelson Mosher 10511 Monroe Court, Lake Wales, FL 33853 / 2218 E. Washington Street,
South Bend IN 46615
Buna Buise Buckingham, 1233 Wabash Ave., Rochester IN 46975
John Scheuer, 3402 Zephyr Drive, Dayton OH 45402
Florence Cavender, 1425 Greencroft Drive #166, Goshen IN 46526
Letcher Robinson, Box 13, Kewanna IN 46939
Charles Graham Deceased
Abbie Chapman Thomas Deceased 1979
Merle Mullins Deceased
Russell Appleman Deceased
Albert Vandegrift Deceased 5-29-1989
1932
Orville Butts, RR 1 Bondsville KY 40308
Lois Heeter Baldwin, RR 4 Box 149, Rochester IN 46975
Louis Kline (Donnabelle Brugh 1933), 515 Jefferson Street, Rochester IN 46975
Anna Langenbahn Widman, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Ivan Stubbs, 412 Lake Shore Drive, Culver IN 46511
Daisy Faulstich Marvill Morehouse, [address not readable]
Charles Best Deceased
Janet McIntire Deceased
Paul Decker Deceased 1979
Donald Wentzel Deceased
Lucille Davidson Foltz Deceased 6-1983
1933
Genevieve Wheatley St. Clair 10109 Turf Court, Plymouth IN 46563
Lester Shidaker, 13002 10th Street SE, Ft. Myers, FL 33905 / Box 344 Kewanna IN 46939
John Leininger, 26 Fairwood Drive, Brownsburg IN 46112
Manson Leap (Gladys Shidaker 1935) RR 4, Box 255, Rochester IN 46975
Orville Large (Clara Calhoun 1938) Monterey IN 46960
Raymond Kreischer Sr., 530 Forest Place, Culver IN 46511
Cloral Hartz (Bernice Kline 1933), Leiters Ford IN 46o45
Bernice Kline (Cloral Hartz 1933)
Rita Hoge Gretter, 322 Lake Shore Drive, Culver IN 16511 / 1266 Old Bridge Road, North
Ft. Myers FL 33903
Hazel Guise Lockridge, 2245 New Tampa Highway, Lakeland FL 33801
Albert Ginther (Wilhelmine Kline 1935), PO Box 101, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Donnabelle Brugh Kline (Louis Kline 1932)
Charles Baldwin, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Ross Bair (Wilma Hay 1934), 109 Glenwood Place Kendallville IN 46755
Kenneth Appleman, 131 Charles Street, Ft. Myers, Florida 33905
Ruby Graham Deceased
Clement Bryan Deceased
Paul Stayton Deceased
Donavon Brugh Deceased
Dorothy Merkert Deceased
Wilbur Cavender Deceased
1934
Ermal Lewis, 18609 W 17th Road Culver IN 46511
Frances WEntzel Parker Hewitt, 715 52nd Ave Ter, W. Bradenton FL 34207
Beulah Guise Milliser, 1015 Monroe Street, Rochester IN 46975
Thelma Jean Cook Langworthy, 1839 Veraplace Villa #28, Sarasota FL 33580
Norman Heeter, 104 N. Railroad Street, Annville PA 17003
Wilma Hay Bair (Ross BAir 1933)
Nita Hoge Brugh, 1255 Old Bridge Road, N. Fort Myers FL 33903
Retha Overmyer Hinderlider, Marion IN 46952 / 264 Gregg Drive Apt 2 [?]
Harvy Slonaker Deceased
Betty Reames Shidaker (Harry Shidaker 1931) Deceased
Roy Parker Deceased
Raymond Thomas Deceased
Raymond Reed Deceased 4-2-1986
Cleo Freese Fernbaugh Deceased 1987
Myrtle Wheatley Wentzel Deceased 1986 or 87
1935
Marjorie Engle Howell, 713 W. 142nd Street, East Chicago IN 46312
Paul Davidson, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Dorothy Cavender Davis 18026 Cave Creek Road, Space 88, Phoenix AZ 85032
Robert Fernbaugh (Cleo Freese 1934) 10370 W. 13th Pl, Lakewood ... [not readable]
Wilhelmine Kline Ginther (Albert Ginther 1933)
Gladys Shidaker Leap (Manson Leap 1933)
Harry Patsel, Delong IN 46922 / c/d Frieda Steenbergen 6681 Sequoia Drive, Buena Park
CA 90620
La June Sheppard Strasser Deceased
Marshall Carper Deceased
Anna Genach Horgesheimer Deceased 3-6-1987
1936
John Shonk [not readable]
George Allen, PO Box 224, Homestead FL 33030
Eugene Brugh, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Kennedy Bryan, 7709 Shalamor Dr., Dayton OH 45424 (returned 4-1986]
Robert Butts, 629 E. 13th Street, Rochester IN 46975
Eilene Kaley Hizer, 4703 Dorkin Court, Indianapolis IN 46254
Madaline Merkert Burk, 77 West Roselawn Drive, Logansport IN 46947
Robert A. Wentzel, RR 1 Box 115, Kewanna IN 46939
Robert Thomas Deceased
Arthur Wentzel Deceased
Curtis Guise Deceased
Irene Lewis Snider Deceased
Robert Timmons Deceased 7-22-1982
Pauline Clements Hall Deceased 9-15-1987
Gertrude Heeter Parker Deceased

1937
Joe Brugh (Mildred Wentzel 1939) RR 4 Rochester IN 46975
Charles E. Decker Jr., 1605 Humberg Crk. Road, Jacksonville OR 97530
Irma Hay Chapman, 7 Park Gerrace, Zephyrhills FL 34248 / Monterey IN 46960
Geneva Hoover, 6-7 S. Michigan Street, Plymouth IN 46563
Margaret Kline Corbin, 297 South Canaday Drive, Inverness FL 32650-2361 / 215 Wood
Street, Parkwood Village Apt 19, Greencastle IN 46135
Loretta Stubbs Bradway, 1229 Rochester Blvd., Rochester IN 46975
Robert Wheatley, RR 1 Box 46, Monterey IN 46960
Frances Zelma Davis Grizzell Deceased
Paul Thomas Deceased
Dorothy Appleman Kistler Deceased
Russell Best Deceased 1980
Jean Dunn McKee Deceased
Edward Murfitt Deceased 4-29-1984
Delbert Large Deceased 2-24-1986
Bernice Bernhardt Kerr Deceased 11-8-1986
1938
Millicent Plantz Lindberg, 52650 Brooktrail Drive, South Bend IN 46637
Susie Calhoun Reinhold, Monterey IN 46960
Betty Guise Strong, RR 3 Box 246, Rochester IN 46975
Eva Leap (Miss Treva Leap 1941), 121 Lewis Street, Culver IN 46511 [sic]
Mary Jane Decker Mundy, 2502 Teton Circle, Wichita KS 67212
Clara Calhoun Large (Orville Large 1933), Monterey IN 46960 / 502 Austin Terrace,
Zephyrhills FL 33599
Richard Timmons, 605 Enolid Avenue, Defiance OH 43512
John Huba, 2000 South Eads Street, Arlington VA 22202
Lee Fisher, 3202 Victoria Park Road, Jacksonville FL 32216
Lois Hoover Romano, 2117 N. Leamington Avenue, Chicago IL 60639
JackDavidson Deceased
Gladys Heeter Rector Deceased
Emerson Reichard Deceased 9-13-1988
Raymond Smith Deceased 5-14-1989
1939
Warren William Robinson RR 2, Box 190, Milford IN 46542
Barbara Wheatley, 300 E. 4th Street, Apt 3 E Water Haven, Rochester IN 46975
Mary Ellen Warren Trapp, Crown Point IN 1302 Sycamore Street 46307
Doris Engel Jurka, 8800 Central, Oak Lawn IL 60453
William Miller (Betty Mikesell 1947) 57851 Cr1 South, Elkhart IN 46517
Harold Mahler, Box 177, Monterey IN 46960
Ogden Ginther
Shirley Goodman Seese, Box 34, Victor CO 80860
Eleanor Kreischer Hutchin, 522 New York Avenue, St. Cloud Fl 32769-2873
Virginia Wagoner Garver 9445 20 B Road, Argos IN 46501
John Souder
Mildred Wentzel Brugh (Joe Brugh 1937)
Albert Earl Lawson, Chicago - - -
Avaughn Murray Deceased 1977
Marcus Steenbergen Deceased 1-6-1977
Floyd Fisher Deceased 3-19-1983
1940
Jack Wagner, Box 839 Mabank TX 75147
Leona Ball Skinner, 25014 N. Shore Drive, Elkhart IN 46514
Kathryn Campbell Butts (Harold Butts 1940)
Maurice Corbett, Kewanna IN 46939
Eva Davis Lebo, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Paul Dunsizer (Margaret Sanns 1940) 310 Runaway Bay Circle Apt 20 3415 Marlyn Ave,
Fairmont Mobile Home Est, Sebring FL 33870
Margaret Sanns Dunsizer (Paul Dunsizer 1940)
Robert Reichard (Betty Day 1940), RR 4 Box 242, Rochester IN 46975
Betty Day Reichard (Robert Reichard 1940)
Robert Flora, 1410 E. Borley Avenue, Mishawaka IN 46544
Marjorie Wentzel Carter, 2006 Ontario Road, Box 7, Niles MI 49120
Lester Wentzel, RR 2 Box 373 A, Culver IN 46511
Guy Murfitt Deceased
George Sales Deceased
Helen Stubbs Deceased
LeRoy Thomas Deceased
Bernard Decker Deceased
Frank Frettinger Deceased 4-18-1987
Mary Wagoner Beehler Deceased 4-25-1987
Harold Butts Deceased 12-9-1987
1941
Kenneth Corbin, 101 Trimont Lake Road, Franklin NC 28734
Jim Calhoun, RR 2, Box 80, Willow Road, New Carlisle IN 46552
Mary Day Baker, 512 School Street, Culver IN 46511
Wilma Heeter Hollopeter, 5515-5 Old Dover Blvd., Ft. Wayne IN 46815
Treva Leap (See Eva Leap 1938)
Leon Bernhardt, RR 23 814B Washington Loop Road, Punta Gorda FL 33950
Mary Miller Weir, RR 3 Box 152 Rochester IN 46975
Joan Guise Tuley, 2957 New Hampshire Street, Lake Station IN 46405
Walter Miller, Delong IN 46922
Edward Steenbergen, 401 E. Riverview Avenue, Sp 17, Fort Mogan CO 80701
June Guise Large (Delbert Large 1937), 330 W. 5th Street, Rochester IN 46975
George Baker 839 W. Linden Ave., Logansport IN 46947
Raymond Wise Deceased
1942
Guy Stayton, 813 Monroe Street, Rochester IN 46975
Norman Kelly, 310 College Avenue, Culver IN 46511
Roseann Peele [returned 5-5-86]
Harold Flora (Ethel Heeter 1943), 37 Monk, Colorado Springs CO 80911
Betty Prickett Overmyer, RR 5, Rochster IN 46975
Marjorie Smith House, 1834 York Street, Elkhart IN 46516
Almeda Sopher Engle, RR 7 Box 269, Rochester IN 46975
Marion Kline (Agnes Mikesell 1945), RR 1 Box 46, Monterey IN 46960
Roselie Lawson Lancaster, RR 4 Box 411, Rochester IN 46975
Helen Decker McFeely, 1604 La Gage Drive, Cardiff CA 92007
Alice Autrey Murris
Jeanne Goodman Watson, 10780 Lincoln Highway, Plymouth IN 46563
Earl Wheatley, 2008 E. Louisa Street, Seattle WA 98112
Helen Large Shriver, RR 1 10912 Iris Road, Argos IN 46501
Gordon Shaw
James Wagoner, 20801 Burbank Blvd, Woodland Mills CA 91367
Roberta Campbell Decker, 2205 W. 6th Street, Mishawaka IN 46544
James Heilman Deceased
Vivian Wentzel Deceased
Betty Kline Stayton Deceased
Maddonna Robinson Kelly Deceased 7-25-1987
Audrey Scheur Enyart Deceased 12-21-1987
Paul Dean Goodman Deceased 3- -1989
1943
Fred Hannabach (Helen Flora 1943), 25115 Kirby Street, Lot 430, Hemet CA 92343
Helen Flora Hannabach (Fred Hannabach 1943)
Donna Davis Coleman 7534 N. 59 Ave, Glendale Phoenix AZ 85301
Mederith Emmons Snyder, 26401 Whippoorwill Drive, South Bend IN 46619-4546
Keith Emmons, RR3 Box 628, Walkerton IN 46574
Ethel Heeter Flora (Harold Flora 1942)
Earnest Young, 61621 Miami Road, South Bend IN 46614-6405
Dean Rans, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Mary Feece Pyle, 715 Ct. 1B, Kendallville IN 46755
Frank Hannabach, 2055 "W" Avenue M 4, Quartz Hill CA 93536
Edith Overmyer Deceased
Catherine Spencer Chenowith Deceased
Earl Thomas Deceased
Charlotte Murfitt Chapman Deceased 11-22-1984
Mary Reish Chartrand Deceased
Donna Davis Coleman Deceased
Virgil Faulstitch Deceased
Frances McClure Deceased 11-22-1987
1944
Catherine Ditmire Overmyer, RR 3 Box 217, Rochester IN 46975
Lillian Mahler Hudkins (Richard 1944)
Richard Hudkins (Lillian Mahler 1944), RR 3 Olsen Road, Rochester IN 46975
Charles Bernhardt, 421 Lakeview Street, Culver IN 46511
Rosella Sanns Fucsik, Four Quarters Hatitat-8219D, SW 107th Avenue, Miami FL 33173
Mary Kerr Franz. (nursing in SAudi Arabia) [returned 4-27-1985]
Owen Fluckey, RR 4 Box 69, Plymouth IN 46563
Robert Plantz, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Clifford Reichard (Becky McMannus 1946), RR 4 Rochester IN 46975
Martha Wheatley Murray, 500 Clay Street, Rochester IN 46975
Evelyn Kerr Seese, Box 142 Leiters Ford IN 46945
Donnabelle Appleman Virts Deceased

1945
Milo Guise (Ruth Decker 1945) 21 North 3rd, Decatur IN 46722
Ruth Decker Guise (Milo Guise 1945)
Darlene Hamilton Fisher, RR 1, Winamac IN 46996
Donald L. Smith, 4323 Kensington Street, Logansport IN 46947
Dale Walsh, RR 1, Rochester IN 46975
Betty Wentzel Weller, 921 Park Street, Rochester IN 46975
Freddie Yelton, Bayside Estates 2 Bryan Court SW Fort Myers Beach Fl ----
Agnes Mikesell Kline (Marion Kline 1942)
Ruth Ditmire Thomas, 63054 US 31, South Bend IN 46614
Betty Anderson Miller Deceased
Theodore Faulstitch Deceased
Mary Johnson Houin Deceased
1946
Donald Autrey (Ruth Davis 1946), 6752 West Forrester Road, LaPorte IN 46350
Ruth Davis Autrey (Donald Autrey 1946)
Thea Jean Combs Tippy Krugman, RR 7, Rochester IN 46975
Robert Kerr, 17146 South Outlook Road, Oregon City OR 97045
Margaret Sopher Kerr Fisher,17580 Richardson Rd., Dallas OR 97338
Jack Calhoun, RR 2, New Carlisle IN 46552
Eileen Jenkins Butler, 18943 Sunny Lane, Box 7 A, Culver IN 46511
Carl Decker, 5846 Medwick Lane, Fresno CA 93727
Donald Hudkins, 662 Fleming St., Sebastian FL 32958-4428
Janice Plantz Carter, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Mary Sensibaugh Hott, R3 Box 366, Rochester IN 46975
Monna Vanscoyk Keller, RR 1 Box 13, Monterey IN 46960
Rosco Beerwart
Becky McManus Reichard (Clifford Reichard 1944)
Maxine Engle McKee Deceased
Margaret Appleman Taylor Deceased
1947
Isadore Faulstich, RR 4 Box 67, Walkerton IN 46574
Phyllis Anderson Becraft, 518 W. 9th Street, Rochester IN 46975
Bonnie Hoover, 7123 Baring Parkway, Hammond, IN 46324
Donna Kelly Rogers Wahl, 399 Howe Road, Porter IN 46304-9410
Betty Mikesell Miller (William Miller 1939)
Kenneth Sales, 501 South Tibbs Road, Dalton GA 30720
Mary Glassman Black Sr., 2110 Gertrude Street, South Bend IN 46613
June Shonk Cavender, 328 S. Cornell Circle, Ft. Wayne IN 46807
Willard Johnson Deceased
Madelyn Yelton Densmore Deceased
Susan Large Kuiper Deceased 10-10-1983
James Steenbergen Deceased
Joe Kistler Deceased 8-27-1984
Richard Langenbahn Deceased 7-2-1985

1948
Bonnie Bunch Corbin (Leland Corbin 1948)
Leland Corbin (Bonnie Bunch 1948), 6731 Dawson Road, Cincinnati OH 45243
John Campbell, 23133 W. Brick Road, South Bend IN 46628
Betty James George, 11191 Dragoon Trail, Mishawaka IN 46544
John Kistler, Chapel Hill Addition, 7017 Tower Court Drive, Indianapolis IN 46224
Patsy Plantz Entzian (Robert Entzian), 21376 Winfield Court, South Bend IN 46628
Barbara Reinholt Hissong, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Orval Coby, RR 3 Riverwood Acres, Rochester IN 46975
Dr. M. Dean Sixbey, Box 68, Chili IN 46926
Marietta Smith Tyhe, 40 South East J Street, Gas City IN 46933
Robert Kelly, 411 Shamrock Drive, Jacksonville NC 28540
Patricia Hamilton Deceased 8-16-1988
1949
Lucille Ball Clifton, 101 White Street, Culver IN 46511
Homer Coby, RR1, Culver IN 46511
Richard Decker (Darlene Sellers 1955), 2455 Division Road, Valparaiso IN 46383
Margaret Good Smith, 3516 Imperian Place, Owensboro KY 42301
Paul Johnson, 1221 Jackson Blvd., Rochester IN 46975
Shirley Martin Combs [returned 4-20-1985]
Mary Murfitt Ricks, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Dean Rensberger, RR 4 Box 170, Rochester IN 46975
Tom Russell (Karen Lahman 1955), 154 Granite Street, Valparaiso IN 46383
Robert Smith (Barbara Thomas 1951) P.O. Box 851 Leiters Ford IN 46945
John Martin, RR 3 Box 315, Walkerton IN 46574
1950
Mary Ann Bridegroom Tools Harrison, 8047 Van Ness Way, Indianapolis IN 46240
John Bowersox (Ruth Calhoun 1952, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Sharon Calhoun Hight, 68016 US 31 So. Lakeville IN 46536
Richard Crull, Box 113, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Darlene Engle Johnson, 704 Jay Street, Rochester IN 46975
Mary Fisher Hadley, c/o Mrs. Homer Fisher, 23321 Ardmore Trail, South Bend IN 46628
Harry Hoover, Box 98 Earl Park IN 47942
Bonnie Talbot James (Robert James 1950)
Robert James (Bonnie Talbot 1950) 61338 Bremen Highway, Mishawaka IN 46544
Roger Kelly, 13225 US 6, Plymouth IN 46563
Kenneth Lahman, 206 McIntosh Blvd Box 171, Hebron IN 46341
Joyce Mikesell Plantz, W. 16 C Road, Culver IN 46511
Rayburn McManus, 3211 Pottawattomie Road, Logansport IN 46947
James Sanders (Nina Guise 1951), RR 2 55727 Elder Road, Mishawaka IN 46545-4607
Ralph Stayton, Box 128, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Robert L. Ewing 1214 Rochester Blvd., Rochester IN 46975
Gary Fields, RR 3 Box 215, Rochester IN 46975
Patsy Crull Brushwood Daly, RR 1 Box 107, Culver IN 46511
Joann Goodman Greenwalt [address not readable]
John Hannabach, 100 Catina Court, Atlanta GA 30328
Joann Klowetter
Gene Raub Deceased 12-1-1983
1951
Joan Goodnight Roberson, 1554 Woodside Drive Ease, Danville IN 46122
Dorothy Hartle Young, 55604 Rivers Drive, RR 6, Elkhart IN 46504
Pauline Hoover Bakke, 1044 Jeff Ryan Dr., Herndon VA 22070-3626
Donna Kerr Raicevic, 137 Palo Verde Terrace, Santa Cruz CA 95060
Martha Raub Schwenk, RR 5 Box 208, Rochester IN 46975
Charles Sopher, Box 207, Kewanna IN 46939
Darlene Wagner Van Zuilen, 61789 Crestlane, Sturgis MI 49091
Dorothy Wentzel Listenberger (George Listenberger), 229 E. Irvington Ave., South Bend IN
46614
Barbara Thomas Smith (Robert Smith 1949)
Nina Guise Sanders (James Sanders 1950)
James Gelbaugh Deceased
Katherine Glassman Laudrisen Deceased
1952
Colleen Ball Miller Burkart, 4211 Aboite Lake Drive, Ft. Wayne IN 46804
Ruth Calhoun Bowersox (John Bowersox 1950)
Norman Coby (Marilyn Frank 1961), 12749 Union Road, Culver IN 46511
Doris Bridegroom
Fred Ditmire (Mildred Davis 1954), RR 4 Box 274, Rochester IN 46975
Joan Ewing DeRuiter, 8720 19th Road, Argos IN 46501
Eileen Kelly Hibner, PO Box 826 Plymouth IN 46563
Mable Latta Lunsford Stolever, 6638 W. Johnson Road, LaPorte IN 46350
Kenneth Mahler, Box 116, Ora IN 46968
Sharon McIntyre Poster, 220 Sadonia, St. Louis MO 63135
Ralph Jones, 3527 Butler Road, Ft. Wayne IN 46808
Awilda Williams Latta, Hanna IN 46340
Joe Sixbey, 1100 Pedras Road A 153, Turlock CA 55350
Richard Young, RR 1, Box 199, Culver IN 46511
1953
Clinton "Bud" Crull, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Joan Engle McCune, 17109 W. 20 B Road, Culver IN 46511
Leland Hartle, 1801 E. Clark Street, Warsaw IN 46580
Dean Lahman (Carol Hartz 1957), RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Phyllis Strobel Jagielo, RR 1, Almond WI 54909
Kenneth Plantz, 1104 F Street, LaPorte IN 46350
Judith Reker Campbell
Dr. Paul Guise, M.D., 5508 E. 16th Suite #11 Medical Arts Building North, Indianapolis IN
46201
Connie Hartle Dunlap, 209 N. Maple, Argos IN 46501
Grace Ann Hettinger Denny, 3814 Hwy 62 No., Rogers Ark., 72756
1954
Mildred Davis Ditmire (Fred Ditmire)
Gerald Hartz, 29415 Kent Black Diamond Road, Kent WA 98031
Shirley Raub Hiatt, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Evelyne Hannabach McHenry, 2171 Wisteria Drive, Charlottsville VA 22901
Ronald Reinholt (Denise Reker 1954), Box 86, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Denise Reker Reinholt (Ronald Reinholt 1954)
Robert Reinhold, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Mary Alice Wentzel Fry, 803 W. Lawrence, Mishawaka IN 46544
Robert Hunneshagen, Box 132 Cross Street, Monterey IN 46960
Lois Troutman (Lindsay) Button Hanson, 10332 Oakridge Drive, Sun City AZ 85351
Sheila McIntyre Jacobs, 146911 Tiffany Ct, Granger IN 46530-9687
Sam Cannedy, RR 3, Box 235, Rochester IN 46975
Carol Calhoun Kelsey, c/o James Calhoun, Monterey IN 46960
Donald Reinholt, 280 Gilliam Dr., Warsaw IN 46580
Doris Ditmire Brenner, 62190 Pine Road, North Liberty IN 46554
Bessie Mahler Peterson, 1224 Blackhawk Drive, Park Forest South IL 60466
Harry Poort Jr., 9270 Sheffield Street, Dyer IN 46911
Sally Strycker Dibbern, 343 South 300 West, Valparaiso IN 46383
John Strycker, 15354 SR 10, Culver IN 46511
Barbara Holdman Kish Deceased
1955
Jay Coby, RR 3 Box 230, Rochester IN 46975
Earl E. Coby, RR 3 Box 230, Rochester IN 46975
Gene Cannedy, 19140 South Wildwood Avenue, Lansing IL 60438
Maxine Davis Warren, 3618 N. 49th Place, Phoenix AZ 85018
Carl Denny, 814 W. 4th Street, Mishawaka IN 46544
Alice Hunneshagen Bauer, PO Box 155, Monterey IN 46960
Janet Kelly Lindvall, 12454 [address not readable] Plymouth IN 46563-1015
Frances Showers Smith, RR 1 Box 141, Star City IN 46985
Phyllis Timms Woodward Jones, 726 Berkeley, Evansville IN 47710
Fern Williams Strong, St. Road 14 East, Silver Lake IN 46982
Kay Braden Lahman Cannedy Lahman, 7235 John Pitts Road, Panama City FL 32404
Pauline Bridegroom, 1547 Turtle Creek Drive, South Bend IN 46637
Karen Layman Russell (Tom Russell 1949)
Darlene Sellers Decker (Richard Decker 1949)
Leta Duff Tinkey Deceased
Joyce Goodnight Janness Deceased 6- -1987
1956
Martha Overmyer Misher (Terry Mishler 1956), RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Terry Mishler (Martha Overmyer 1956)
Dallas Tousley, 820 E. McNair Dr., Tempe AZ 85283
Ralph Kistler, 607 S. Main Street, Ligonier IN 46767
Doris Hunneshagen Weninger, 11073 Dragoon Trail, Mishawaka IN 46544
Donald Kline, RR 1 Box 98, Culver IN 46511
Rosella Murfitt Sanders Felts, Box 693, Akron IN 46910 / 1201 W. Cornell, Bonnie Brae,
Avon Park FL 33825
Ralph Kelly, 101 Faith Court, Bremen IN 46506
Joan Hartle Lowell, 241 Sorin Street, Niles MI 47120
Catherine Widman Drach, RR 2, Stanwood MI 49307
Donna Mahler Shiley, RR 4, Caldwell ID 83605
Richard Poort, 2011 Stoney Island, Crete IL 60417
Joe Strycker Deceased
Boyd Shidler Deceased

1957
Etta Brown Hibner (Don Hibner), Box 90 Kewanna IN
Donald Burman, 4224 North Wallcott Avenue, Chicago IL 60613
Linda Calhoun Baker, 3727 W. Osborn Road, Phoenix AZ 85019
Vernon Coby, RR 1 Box 103, Culver IN 46511
Sharon Decker Coffey, 428 School Street, Culver IN 46511
Lee Ditmire, 619 Williams Street, Culver IN 46511
Norman Ditmire, 61690 Mayflower Road, South Bend IN 46614
Dale Good, RR 9 Gateway East, Columbia City IN 46725
Robert L. Goodnight, 8209 Pinehurst Circle, Tama FL 33615
Rosella Hartle Bollhoefer, RR 2 Box 155, Rochester IN 46975
John Sage (June Kreischer 1957), 439 Lakeview Street, Culver IN 46511
June Kreischer Sage (John Sage 1957)
Nancy McIntyre Cook (Jack Cook) [returned 4-29-1985]
Lynn Mishler (Janet Raub 1957), Box 112, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Janet Raub Mishler (Lynn Mishler 1957)
Marlene Reichard Rozzi, c/o Logansport Academy of Beauty, 419 East Market Street,
Logansport IN 46947
Patty Wentzel Congray, 4410 E. Crystal Lake Avenue, Crystal Lake IL 60014
Pauline Lamb Beery, RR 4 Box 69, Rochester IN 46975
Betty Ibs Hathaway (Richard Hathaway), 3710 Rousulin Drive, Carrolton TX 75007
Carol Hartz Lahman (Dean Lahman 1953)
1958
Joe Crill, RR 5, Rochester IN 46975
James E. Hulley [returned 4-28-1984]
Stanley Reinholt, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Richard Parker, (Linda Langhenbahn 1959), Rolling Acre Farm 3623 Ply-LaPorte Trail,
Walkerton IN 46574
Gerald "Bud" Hartle (Joy Mahler 1960), 402 Sycamore Road, Salisbury NC 28144
Dr. Donald Hunneshagen 1936 Edgewood Drive, Lodi CA 95240
Charles Troutman, 314 Kimrick Pl., Timonium MD 21093
Edward Lane, 117 Valley View Court, Weatherford TX 76086
Sonja Brown Easterday, RR 4 Box 174, Rochester IN 46975
Frances Burrough Kerr, RR 5 Box 280, Rochester IN 46975
Marilyn Reichard Strahle, 1516 Pineapple Lanes, Clearwater FL 33519
Darlene Shidler Bird, 3650 South Hoyne Avenue, Chicago IL 60609
Michael Lahmen, RR 1 Box 18, Rocheter IN 46975
Linda Strycker Carr, 2750 Hillcrest, Wixon MI 48096
Harley Marks, 3732 Nabholtz, Misquite TX 75150
Frances Williams Confare Long, 12355 Michigan Road, Plymouth IN 46563
Arthur Shidler Deceased
1959
Jean Hartle Fain 4302 E. 200S, LaPorte IN 46350
Donna Raub Brucker, RR 2 Box 66A, Poseyville IN 47633-9516
Marjorie Olin Snider, RR 2 Box 261, 3860 N. Michigan, Plymouth IN 46563
Betty Cannon Kulchar, 4623 Johnson Avenue, Hammond IN 46327
Judy Ibs Schmidt, RR 7 Box 361, Plymouth IN 46563
Roselie Tousley Duff (Clifford Duff 1959)
Clifford Duff (Roselie Tousley 1959) 700 N. Waverly Road, Apt 1323, Porter IN 46304
Kathryn Mahler Jones
Tom Bowersox, 62755 Mulberry Road, South Bend IN 46614
Jim Kline (Nancy Brockey 1960), RR 4 Box 453, Rochester IN 46975
Ronald Lett, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Stephen Brown, RR 4 Box 509, Rochester IN 46975
Tom Bridegroom, 122 N. 475 E, Danville IN 46122
Arthur Williams, 5215 Magnolia, Valparaiso IN 46383
Jack Righter [returned]
Linda Langenbahn Parker (Richard Parker 1958)
David Cripe, 417 N. 19th, Breckenridge Minn., 56520
1960
Patricia McIntosh Plothow, 6839 N. Michigan, Plymouth IN 46563
Jack Reinholt, 13473 Michigan Road, Plymouth IN 46563
Susan Lahman Davis Scott, 506 Fordwick Lane, Valparaiso IN 46383
Rebecca Davis Carr
Joan Poort Dickson, 107 Sylvan Drive, Valparaiso IN 46383
Shari Nichols Jackson, Box 102, 7410 Lookout Drive, Wonder Lake IL 60097
Shirley Brown Yamaguchi, 5175 Parish Place, Burbank CA 91506
Keith Thomas, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Lewie Braden (Ursula Szponar 1964), RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Paul Widman (Betty Davis 1961), RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Kenneth Chaney, 665 Co Rd 3 South , Elkhart Street, Wakaruse IN 46573
Larry Van Meter, 646 Red School Road, Pellston MI
Larry Mahler, South Main, Culver IN 46511
Melvin Shaffer, 603 W. Monroe Street, Kokomo IN 46901
Roberta Frank Shaffer, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Michael Hayes
Nancy Brockey Kline (Jim Kline 1959)
Gerald Wayne Cannedy, 6244 Astronaut Lane, Citrus Hts. CA 95621
Joy Mahler Hartle (Gerald Hartle 1958)
1961
Betty Davis Widman (Paul Widman 1960)
Doris Engel Clark, 1020 Oak Street, Griffith IN 46319
Marilyn Frank Coby (Norman Coby 1952)
Helen Good McClain, 1426 Sunwood Drive, South Bend IN 46628
Jerry Holcomb (Patsy Leap 1963), 2800 Crystal St. #H8, Anderson IN 46012
David Lane, 4100 Main Street, Downers Grove IL 60515-2142
Gwen Lane Danti
Willie Lockett, 2059 W. 70th Street, Chicago IL 60636
Ginger Mahler Shirley, 58256 State Road 15, Goshen IN 46525
LaVonda Murray Burnett, 7887-20 C Road, Argos IN 46501
Henrietta Patton
Sharon Brown Alber, 9220 Access Road, Brookville OH 45309
Martha Henry Harrington, 10 Costa Lane, West Redding CT 06896
Gladys Steininger Overmyer Kuhn, 308 Alexander Street, Plymouth IN 46563
Marvin Sellers Deceased

1962
Michaelene McIntyre Stutzman, 1110 Arthur Ave. [address not readable]
Larry Brockey, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Dean Van Meter, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Connie Feltis Carpenter, 1000 Sea Island Road, #55, St. Simons Island GA 31522
Tom Murray, 3432 Biscayne Road, Indianapolis IN 46226
Gloria Nichols Hartz (Michael Hartz 1964), 186 N. 500 W., Valparaiso IN 46383
Betty Hunneshagen Keller, Box 87, Monterey IN 46960
Nedra James Wesson, 62932 Fairview Drive, Goshen IN 46526
Sharon Chaney Stevens, Delong IN 46922
Richard Kelso, 212 Cass Street, Culver IN 46511
Stanley Roberts, PO Box 107, Holland IN 47541
Brian Linhart, Box 65, Monterey IN 46960
Barbara Jencks Large, RR 5 Box 153 5940 Van Tyle Road, Gaylord MI 49735
Betty Reker Zinda, 3420 Cook Street, Rocklin CA 95677-1759
Larry Mishler, 401 Brook Street, Kokomo IN 46901
1963
Laraine Cannon Kirby, c/o Charles Cannon, Delong IN 46922
Jean Cripe Cranor, 438 N. Dalton Avenue, Albany IN 47320
Patricia Davis See, Deedsville IN 46921
Tom Kelly, 7947 Englehurst Drive, Jenison MI 49428
Martha Langenbahn, 23 Jacqueline Drive, Berea OH 44017
Patsy Leap Holcomb (Jerry Holcomb 1961),9160 S.W. 55th Court, Cooper City FL 33328
LeRoy Mahler, 933 Paul, Shelbyville IN 46176-1526
Glen Patton (Judy Roe 1966), 622 Pearl Street, Culver IN 46511
Ron Ripperger, Matts Street, Ossian IN 46777
Phyllis Shaffer Beckley Silvers, 3415 Richfield Lane, Ft. Wayne IN 46816
Bob Thompson, Delong IN 46922
Ray Widman, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Phyllis Calhoun Sutton, Kewanna IN 46939
Nancy Crill Ramsey, 2222 Beaver Lane, Vinton VA 24179
David Jencks, Byron MI
1964
Don Bowen, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Janet Calhoun, PO Box 363, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Gary Feltis, 11243 Safari Dr., Bonita Springs FL 33923-5316
Joe Holcomb, 1316 Holloway Drive, Apt 63, Plymouth IN 46563
Barbara Hunneshagen Freel, 24307 Pleasant View Drive, Elkhart IN 46517
Ellen James Cihak, 109 Lakeshore Drive, Culver IN 46511
Gene Kelly, 2011 Montford Drive, Ft. Wayne IN 46816
Diana Kelsey, c/o Ed Kelsey 2015 East Southern Avenue, Apt 3, Tempe AZ 85282
Jim Murray, 451 E. Road 100 N., Danville IN 46122
Kenneth Lee Olin, 206 E. Washington Street, Butler IN 46721
John Reichard, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
Marilyn Sellers Gibbs, 6262 E. Brown Road #22, Mesa AZ 85205
Claurel Tousley, 1806 Walnut Hill Lane, Opelika AL 36801
Dudley Van Meter, 12125 S. Ironwood, Argos IN 46501
Peggy Van Meter, RR 3 Box 268, Rochester IN 46975
Ursula Spzonar Braden (Louie Braden 1960)
Michael Hartz (Gloria Nichols 1962)
1965
James Carr, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Daniel R. Cripe, 318 Independent Street, Wakarusa IN 46573
Terry Engle, 320 E. Pennsylvania, Tucson AZ 85714
Rita Hunneshagen Strozewski, 51331 Grape Road, Granger IN 46530
James Lancaster (Dani Master 1965), 457 Manzanita Way, Yuba City CA 95991
Linda Lebo French, 2243 N 69th Avenue, Phoenix AZ 85035 / c/o Eva Lebo Box 73, Leiters
Ford IN 46945
Roger Parker, 6934 Plymouth LaPorte Trail, Plymouth IN 46563
DAni Master Lancaster (James Lancaster 1965)
Sandi Bubp Rippinger Crump, 1527 Lake Avenue, Plymouth IN 46563
1966
Ronald Autrey, c/o Donald Autrey, 6752 Forrester Road, LaPorte IN 46350
Linda Croy Nelson 59801 Grass Road, South Bend IN 46614
William Davis, 606 S. Plum Street, Plymouth IN 46563
Teresa Hunneshagen Reinhold, 612 S. Franklin, Winamac IN 46996
Gail Lahman Tousley Gravlee, 915 Chase Lane, Norcross GA 30093
Eugene Londak
Beverly Mahler Roach, RR 1, Monterey IN 46960
Dennie Mahler, 1493 Greencastle Road, Mooresville IN 46158
Paulette Mahler Hanna, 710 Miner Street, Plymouth IN 46563
Brenda Martin Groba, 5806 Enchanted Timbers Dr., Humble TX 77346-1901
Christine Nelson Sellers, RR 4, Rochester IN 46975
John Paul Overmyer, RR 1, Kewanna IN 46939
Eugene Reichard, 16140 West 16th C Road, Culver IN 46511
Judy Roe Patton (Glen Patton 1963), 408 Court of the Royal Arms, South Bend IN 46637
Dwayne Shaffer, 4837 Interlake, Oscoda MI 48750
Marlene Sellers Mencl, RR 3, Rochester IN 46975
Terry Seese, 6917 Winstone Drive, Madison WI 53711
Sonya Showley Langner, 5251 Washington Blvd., Indianaplis IN 46220
John J. Mahler, RR 1 Box 70F, Monterey IN 46960
Gary Wentzel, Kewanna IN 46939
Jim Widman, RR 6 Box 271, Rochester IN 46975
Joe Nunn Deceased
1967
Denny Calhoun, PO Box 30, Ora IN 46968-0030
Galen Duff, RR 2, Culver IN 46511
Cheryl Eastman Schwarts, [address not readable]
Marcia Sellers Edgington, 1300 N. Michigan St., Plymouth IN 46563
Sherry Engle Guyer Fear Anderson, RR 3, Kewanna IN 46939
Vickey Graham Beach, c/0 Lowell Graham, RR 5 Box 42, Rochester IN 46975
Lula Harris, Chicago IL
Rev. Leonard King (Marjorie Reichard 1969), None U. M. Church, 6303 Winters Road,
RR 8, Ft. Wayne IN 46809
Melinda Lancaster, 88 Pinehill Road, Bedford MA 01730
Vickey McGlothin Russell, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Clayton Nichols, RR 1 Box 82 C, Albany IN 47320
Peggy Nichols Parker (Russell Parker 1967)
Russell Parker (Peggy Nichols 1967), Box 472-D RR 5, Rutherfordton NC 28139
Bob Rippenger, RR 1, Culver IN 46511
Roger Severns, RR 2, Akron IN 46910
Don Strobel, 5196 E. Clarabella Road, RR 2, Claire MI 48617
Margaret Turner Thorn, 217 W. 11th St., Rochester IN 46975
Sherry Bupb Fear Townsend, 13101 Nutmeg Ridge Road, Plymouth IN 46563

1968

Charles Artis
Bob Bixby
Selestine Brown Ware, 416 S. Plymouth Street, Culver IN 46511
Danny Ehlinger, 20151 Old State Road 17, Culver IN 46511
Mike Grau
Donna Langenbahn, 336 E 6th Apt 2 R.E., New York NY 10003
John Lelap (Debbie Severns 1968), 907 Clover St., Rochester IN 46975
Debra Severns Leap (John Leap 1968)
Judy Lebo, c/o Eva Lebo, Box 73, Leiters Ford IN 46945
Vivian Peterson Skinner Peterson
Rayna Reinholt Traylor, 2151 Boston Ct. #A, Indianapolis IN 46208-3258
Bruce Roby, 1314 Mississipi, LaCrosse WI 54601-4814
Peggy Roe Whirledge, 1203 Hill Street, Rochester IN 46975
Sue Szponar Inturff
Paul Beach (in service)
[Leiters Ford Alumni Assn.]
See Aubbeenaubbee School.

LIBERTY SCHOOL [Liberty Township]
The scholars of Liberty school, near Fulton, Miss Coon, teacher, held a pic nic last Saturday . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, July 31, 1873]

LIBERTY SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
Also known as Little Egypt School.
The Orr and Liberty schools will unite in a pic nic dinner in the grove near Thos. Mercer's residence, next Saturday.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, July 24, 1873]
See Carter School House

LIBERTY SCHOOL [#5/#6] [Wayne Township]
#5: Located Section 32 on S side of 950S near 1100W.
Built 1863, replaced 1902 by #6. Sold at auction 1903.
#6: Located NW corner 1100W and 900S.
Built 1902; abandoned 1925.
__________

[photo] Liberty School District No. 5 (the old wooden schoolhouse) Mar. 22, 1897. Front row: 4th from left - Charles Hollenbeck, Harry Hiatt, 9th - Howard Jones, Minnie Burns, Bertha Brown (later married Harry Hiatt), unknown girl in white, [ - - - - ] Jones.
Row 2: 6th from left - Elsie Nickels Thompson, 9th - Bertha Cunningham, last girl at right - [ - - - - ] Allen
Row 3: none known.
Row 4: Minnie Cummings, unknown boy, William Ola Cunningham, unknown girl, James Madison Cunningham, [ - - - - ] Allen. This school was built in 1863. (Photo: Dorothy Cunningham Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 52]

[photo] Liberty School after converted into a dwelling. This gives an idea as to the size and shape of old Liberty School District No. 5 built during the Civil War and closed in 1902. Following its closing, it was purchased by James Cunningham and converted into a dwelling. It shows the wooded area on the east and in the backhground. There was no shed on the west when it was a school. In the picture, taken in 1907 or 1908, are James; Millie, his wife; their son, Everett; the family dog and horse used for transportation. (Photo: Dorothy Cunningham Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 61]

[photo] Front view of the new Liberty School built in 1902, District No. 6, taken by Miss Helen Burns, a teacher during the school term 1919-1920. The opening in the basement is on the right... the crawl space where children crawled under the schoolhouse to hide from teachers, etc. The school was located on the northeast corner one mile east of Pulaski-Fulton county line and one mile north of Fulton-Cass county line. (Photo: Helen Burns Sattler)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 63]

[photo] The side view of Liberty School and the playground area with six boys playing in 1906. Notice it is surrounded by wooded area in the far background. This picture shows a better view of the chimney built on the west side from the ground up for the furnace, which was unsuccessful. Also, notice the school bell and belfry with a spire weather vane. This was the best constructed of all Wayne Twp. one-room schools, made of red brick. (Photo: Dorothy Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 64]

[Photo] Showing the inside of the Liberty classroom: Desks of various sizes facing toward the east, the blackboard, teacher's desk in the background at the right, map chart, ink bottles and two books, the wooden floor and the last row of children standing on a small stage. Only 23 children were present when the picture was taken. Charles Hollenback, teacher, taught 40 students during this term, 1906-07. Front row: Hiram Scott, Ellsworth Gangweir, Andrew (Osborn ) Moyer, Ernest Allen, Russel Jones, Phoebe Nickels, Fern Hollenback, Chester (Young) Herren. Row 2: (Tall girl) Bertha Brown, Fay Hizer, Myrtle Hollenback, Ethel Gangweir, Ethel Hollenback, Mary Allen, Elsie Nickels and teacher, Charles Hollenback. Row 3: (all boys) Howard Jones, Arthur Burns, George Nickels, Edward Allen, Andrew Allen, Walter Brown, Ernest Burns and Garl Scott. (Photo: Bertha Brown Hiatt)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 68]

[Photo] A better view of the Liberty School front entrance, double doors with brick inserts on each side. The children are standing on three cement steps, and the teacher, Charles Hollenback, is standing on the fourth step in the doorway, with the class of 1906-07. Twenty-three are present in the picture out of a class of 40 students.
Front row: Ernest Allen, Andrew (Osborn) Moyer, Fern Hollenback, Phoebe Nickels, Chester (Young) Herren with the curly hair, Elsworth Gangweir, Russel Jones, Hiram Scott. Row 2: Ernest Burns, Ethel Gangweir, Andrew Allen, Walter Brown, Myrtle Hollenback, Howard Jones, Garl Scott. Row 3: (all girls) Bertha Brown, Elsie Nickels, Faye Hizer, Mary Allen and Ethel Hollenback. (Photo: Bertha Brown Hiatt)
(FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 74]
[photo] Liberty School 1909-10 taught by Mabel Feidner (24 present out of 40).
Front row: Riley Abbott, (not sure of identity but probably) Ira Nickels, Ernest Allen, Anna Fall, Fern Hollenback, Phoebe Nickels, Hazel Rife, Hulda Fall, Ruth Nickels and Everett Cunningham. Row 2: Andrew (Osborn) Moyer, Russel Jones, Chester (Young) Herren with curly hair, Arthur Burns, George Nickels, Ernest Burns, John Abbott and Edward Allen (tall boy). Row 3: Flora Abbott, Grace Fall, Myrtle Hollenback, (teacher in white blouse) Mabel Feidner, Guy Fall, Howard Jones and Walter Brown.
Those not present when the picture was taken: May, Alphonso, Dole and Michael Fall; Cora Allen, Irene Long; Elsie Nickels; Garl and Hiram Scott; Ethel Hollenback and Bertie Cunningham. Others attending were Bertha Brown, Minnie Burns, Harry Hiatt, Hazel Jones, Clrole and Nathan Abbott. (Photo: Dorothy Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 76]

[photo] Liberty School 1910-11 taught by Pearl F. Thrush. Notice that many children wore overshoes and leggings to keep their feet warm.
Front row: left to right: Michael Fall, Ruth Nickels, Bertie Cunningham, Ernest Allen (dark V-neck sweater), Cora Allen, Riley Abbott (with two white buttons on shirt), Irene Long (ruffle down front of blouse), Everett Cunningham and Andrew (Osborn) Moyer in the light colored trousers. Row 2: Anna Fall, Phoebe Nickels (white collar on dress), Hazel Rife, Flora Abbott, Arthur Burns (few strands of hair on forehead), Howard Jones, Hiram Scott (directly behind Irene Long), Walter Brown and Ernest Burns (standing directly behind Everett Cunningham), John Abbott, George Nickels, and the teacher, Pearl Thrush.. Row 3: Grace Fall, Edward Allen, Guy Fall, Myrtle Hollenback, Elsie Nickels, Garl Scott and Cole Fall.
Not present when the picture was taken: Chester (Young) Herren, Hulda Fall, Flora Abbott, Fern Hollenback and Alphonso Fall. (Photo: Dorothy Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 77]

[photo] Everette Cunningham and his transportation to Grass Creek High School 1917-21, when he graduated. The horse's name was Queen. All high school students had to furnish their own transportation. (Photo: Dorothy Cunningham Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 83]

[photo] Students at the close of Liberty School - only 9 left - April 1925. Lola Daily was the teacher.
Front row: Ralph Allen (came in March to finish the 1st grade), Wilma Coleman (4th grade), Neva Funk (age 4, a visitor too young to attend school, but came often), Carl Dean Shafer (5th grade), Thomas Herd Haselby (5th grade), Glen Funk (4th grade). Row 2: Edward Gunter (6th grade), Ivan Funk (6th grade), Robert Pherson, Grover Layer (8th grade - the last student to receive a diploma from Liberty District No. 6). (Photo: Lola Dailey)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 92]

[photo] First school bus (motor driven) in this community, an International truck driven by Cloyne Haselby while he attended high school at Grass Creek, 1924-27. Then his father Joe drove the bus. (Photo: Dorothy Cunningham Fultz)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, p. 95]

LIBERTY SCHOOL IN WAYNE TOWNSHIP
Old #5 1864-1902
New #6 1903-1925
By Mrs. Robert (Dorothy Cunningham) Fultz
[NOTE: for the introduction of this article, see Fulton County Schools]
I find this quite a difficult task to secure much information on the one-room school called Liberty, located four and three-quarters miles southwest of Grass Creek in Section 32 Range 1 East, Wayne Township, Fulton County, Indiana, on the south side of road 950S, a quarter mile east of 1100W, better known as the James Madison Cunningham farm.
No one seems to know what year the Liberty School was constructed, but it was built during or near the close of the Civil War (1861-1865). The land was purchased from George and Margaret Torrence, 10 square rods or 100/160 of an acre for a sum of $10. (The warranty deed date Feb. 2, 1863; recorded April 6, 1864; found in Record Book "O" page 558.) Previously the 80-acre tract was purchased from the United States under President Martin Van Buren, by Robert Torrence of Fairfield County, Ohio, on Dec. 23, 1836, for $100. Mr. Torrence was among the first settlers to come to Wayne Township; he sold this land to George Torrence on Oct. 25, 1851, for the sum of $1000, thus the school lot being a part of this 80-acre tract. Since this school was built during the Civil War, many citizens believe this is how it got its name "Liberty," although most schools were known by District numbers. Editor's note: The Rochester Union Spy Mar. 7, 1879, reported, "South Liberty School was closed last Friday. The eacher is B. F. Osborn.")
In the 1883 atlas, Liberty School is known as District No. 5; then following a redistribution around the year 1900, it was called District No. 6. The Feidner school in 1883 was called District No. 10, but in 1900 was classified as District No. 5. The Liberty School was ony one mile north of the Cass-Fulton county line and 1-1/4 miles east of the Fulton-Pulaski county line. Being constructed very close to the road (approximately 15 feet), it stood on a hill surrounded by woods on the east side (land owned by Richard Morphet) and divided by rail fence. The land on the south and west of the school was owned by George Torrence. A frame structure 15 x 30 feet was built on this 5/8 acre with its front entrance a single door facing the north. Its foundation rested on four large rocks, one on each corner and a small wooden step or a large stone was used for an entrance step. Upon entering, you went directly into the main classroom. On each side of the single door along the north wall were low benches. The water bucket with a dipper was sitting on the end of one bench. It was here, also, the children would sit to put their overshoes on and sefved as storage for their lunch pails during the day. Above these benches were shelves for the older children's lunch pails and hooks for their coats; overshoes were placed under the lower bench. The teacher's desk was in the middle of the south end; toilet facilities were out doors south of the building, the girls' on the east and the boys' on the west. It is not known as to whether there was a well. Mrs. Myrtle (Hollenback) Champ stated, "When my older brothers and I attended, they carried the water from nearby farm homes, usually Fred Brown's or Williams Jones', each being one-fourth mile from the school (one home north and other one west). The teacher would let two children go after a bucket of water during the school hours, when needed.... Each child drinking from the same dipper," as she expressed it, "carefully holding their chins over the bucket to catch the drippings."
School attendance was not compulsory but many a child trudged a mile or two through fields, swamps, and woods, whether rain, snow or zero weather to get an education. The first day in school is an eventful one. It marks time between babyhood and the battle with the world, for which life in school is the preparation. Children of all ages, ranging from 5 years to 24 years, sat together (two or three in a seat) at wooden desks bolted to the floor. They had to share the school's few text books, then later each had his or her own books, slate and slate pencil. In the earliest days of old Liberty, Mrs. Ruth (Nickels) Rhea said she recalled her father Walter F. Nickels (1869-1949) telling her that a subscription was made of so much per child attending school and parents took turns keeping the teacher in their home; this was also a part of the teacher's pay. The teacher soaked the wooden floors with oil to prevent dust from gathering. A wood stove, with a long stove pipe extended to the chimney in a corner of the room, provided heat on the cold wintery days. The school had no electric lights or kerosene lights and the walls had few pictures or decorations. The teacher used a black slate chalkboard (located on the south end) to present the lessons. All the furniture was painted in dark colors (dark brown) and the room consisted of very high ceilings. The classrooms were dark and very crowded. The school term was from three months to six months at this building. A large share of elementary or common school education was devoted to the "3 R's" - reading, writing and arithmetic, spelling and later geography. Grammar was taught occasionally. A former student remembering one of her teachers, stated, "Before a person develops skill in writing, he or she must first be inspired toward reading....and the two most difficult things in life are walking and reading." It seems a person learns better when he works to achieve some good that is important to him; thus several things may be learned at once. A person learns attitudes as well as facts--he learns feeling as well as action and develops his own initiative and the ability to think critically.
We find that teachers were younger than some of the students attending. Since this school was built in the early days of the township, children were needed at home to help clear the land and prepare for farming, all being done by hard manual labor and the sweat of the brow. Duties in homemaking included raising and preparing nearly all the food consumed by the whole family: drying berries, fruit and vegetables for winter use, knitting, spinning and sewing the clothing worn by the family. This was in horse and buggy days. Rail fences and roads were to be built and gravel to be hauled to improve the muddy roads. Corn was cut, shucked and husked by hand later in the fall and scooped into a crib for winter feed. So we can understand why it was a difficult task to go to school and have a daily attendance.
I can remember my mother telling me that when they were kids, it didn't make any difference what age you started to school. Usually the oldest child of the family wouldn't start at as early age as other members of the same family. Some would return to school after common school graduation just to learn more. In checking the enumeration of schools, most students (boys and girls) were 19 or 20 years of age, a few 22 years, before graduating from eight grades of common school. Most of those started at the age of six making 13 to 14 years of schooling. Everyone had to attend nine years, if they attended regularly and didn't get retained in the same grade. They had what is known as the "Chart Class" the first year they attended school. The beginners didn't have any books, only a small slate and slate pencil, the teacher presenting the lessons to them from this chart. The children learned their ABC's, words, numbers, etc. A former student who attended her first year in 1901 can remember the front page had a picture of a large green "Frog" with the word below the picture. This Chart Class was discontinued when they moved into the new building where each had a primer book and it was called the "Primer Class."
Under the law of 1873 a county superintendent was appointed biennially by the township trustees on the first Monday of June. He was given the general supervision of the schools of the county except in those cities employing a superintendent with a salary of $4 per day for actual number of days in service. The superintendent came once a month to examine the teacher working in the classroom. The first superintendent of the Liberty School was Hugh Miller to the year 1865 when he was replaced by George W. Shillings serving 1865-1869. Shillings was replaced respectively by Rev. A. V. House, 1869-'71; then W. H. Green, serving under the new law, 1871 to 1875. The following examiners who served in office until the close of the school were Enoch Myers, 1875-81; William J. Williams, 1881-85; F. D. Haimbaugh, 1885-88; Andrew J. Dillon, 1888-91; D. D. Ginther, 1891-95; George R. Fish, 1895-97 and W. S. Gibbons, 1897-1903. The trustee would come with the superintendent, driving a horse and buggy, surprising the teacher, to see how clean her classroom was, and how well she could discipline her students and test her ability to teach. A success grade was given upon each visit. The only trustees I could find were James Ware, born in 1828, the son of Samuel and Mary Ware, serving several years before he was elected treasurer of Fulton County in 1882; Edwin R. Hendrickson, born Feb. 8, 1838, the son of Jacob Hendrickson, elected trustee in 1879 serving two years; Samuel W. Julian serving 1896-1899; R. O. Murray, 1900-1901; and E. J. Buchanan, 1902 and serving to the closing of the old school.
Miss Mary Maud Murray, daughter of Archimulus and Hannah (Dively) Murray, was born Dec. 23, 1880. She attended and graduated from common school in 1899 from the Feidner one-room school, which was located on her parents' farm. During the summer of 1899, she went to Angola Normal School for eight weeks, was hired by trustee, R. O. Murray, and W. S. Gibbons, county superintendent. She lived two miles north of Liberty, her father taking her to and from Liberty via horse and buggy. She only taught one year at Liberty, 1899-1900, then taught two years at the Pugh school (1900-1902). In June 1902, she was married to George Melvin (Mel) Sommers who was raised by Riley Morrison. Mel attended the old Liberty school. Following their marriage, Maud discontinued teaching. She died at the age of 51 on May 4, 1932; they were the parents of four children, of which Harold and Adam are still living (1975). Lee died in 1974 and Marjorie in 1922.
The school enumeration shows she taught 50 students during 1899-1900. An incident that happened during her "Liberty Days" was that an older student crawled upon the roof of the school and placed a board on top of the school chimney, smoking out the children inside. Miss Murray was locked out of her classroom until she would agree to treat the children at Christmas time. Following a positive reply, she was let in and school was resumed in the normal every-day manner.
Mr. Ira Nickels can recall his mother, Ella Jones (Nickels) Dailey, telling him this was a larger school than most one-room schools nearby. His mother attended the Pugh School at the time, but came to several spelling bees held at Liberty. Cipher matches, box socials and dances, as well as other community affairs, were held at Liberty also. In the year 1900-01, it is thought a Miss Julia Hines taught during this school term. I couldn't find anyone who knew about her. She had 47 students to teach during these six months.
Miss Eva Bair, daughter of John U. and Sarah J. (Bockover) Bair, born in Kewanna in 1883, graduated from common school in 1900, went to Rochester College taking a six weeks course. She came to Liberty with one year of experience, after teaching one year at Shady Dell School. The school term of which she taught at Liberty for one year was from Sept. 30, 1901, to Mar. 21, 1902. She then taught four years, at the District No. 10, the Feidner School and two years at the Smally School (1904-1906), all one-room schools located in Wayne Township. She married Verdie Lee (V.L.) Barker on April 11, 1906, and discontinued teaching following their marriage.
All patrons were very sad to think that Mar. 21, 1901, might be the closing of the school doors forever. At the close of this school term, Miss Baer presented each student a class souvenir booklet of Liberty, District No. 6. This souvenir listed all the scholars, a total of 44, which had attended during that year:
Isaac and Rhode Burns' children: James, Bertha, Arthur and Minnie.
William E. and Elizabeth (Uhl) Jones' children: Orville, Fannie, Hazel, Howard and Mary (known as Mamie). (An older son, Lawrence, had graduated.)
Baily and Mrs. Campbell's children: Harlen, Isaac, Harry, Nellie, Eldon, Eliza, Elsie, Eddie, Mabel.
Solomon and Laura (Uhl) Hollenback's children: Charles T., Zola, Emil, Ethel, and Myrtle. (You will notice later where Charles T. Hollenback was a school teacher at the new brick and new location of Liberty.)
Mr. and Mrs. John W. Hoover's children: John Henry, Mary, Nellie. (Two older children, James E. and George W., had graduated.)
George and Anna Cummings children: Leroy (know as Roy). (An older daughter, Minnie, had graduated.)
Fred and Ella (Torrence) Brown's children: Bertha and Walter.
Fred Brown - guardian (orphan): Dan Fletcher.
Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Esterbrook's children: Florence and Clyde Floyd.
Mr. and Mrs.Richard Murray's children: twins - Esta & Estel. (Two older daughters Fannie and Mary A. have already graduated.)
Mr. and Mrs. George Compton's children: Lydia, Fieldon and Blanche. (An older daughter, Anna, already graduated.)
Harmon and Hester (Allen) Hiatt's children: Edward, John Elzie and Harry. (Two daughters, Emma and Martha, had graduated.)
Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Allen's children: Andrew. (An older son, Hiram, was still attending in 1905. Two other daughters, Lily and Pearl, already graduated.)
Mr. and Mrs. John Reed's child: Lawny.
Mr. and Mrs. James Long's children: Ray and Wilbert.
Mr. and Mrs. Park Gangweir's child: Ethel.
Mr. and Mrs. Riley Cummings' children: John, Warren, Edward, Daniel and Dora.
Walter and Alice (Esterbrook) Nickels' child: Elsie.
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Jones' children: Claude. (Other children Herman and Faye, also attended.)
Julia Morphet's child: Annie Lizzie.
Fayette and Nettie (Murray) Cunningham's children: Bert. (Two other sons had graduated by year 1899 - these being James Madison Cunningham, my father, and William Ola Cunningham, my uncle. They each had a son, Evert and Burtie; both attended all eight years and graduated from the new brick structure located in Section 30.)
Many families had established permanent residency in this area. Others who attended the Liberty School were:
Children of Mr. and Mrs. John W. Smith: Elizabeth, Altie, Birdie, Nancie, John N., William, Etta Lee, Della and Mabel.
Children of Mr. and Mrs. Frank L. Compton: George L., Ersa Pearl and Suanna M.
Children of Mr. and Mrs. Nelson Parkinson: Melvin.
A daughter of Mrs. Ellen Brown graduated in 1896: Mintie Bell.
Lawrence I. Beckner, also graduated in 1899.
Children of John Nelson Cummings: John Nathan, Warren, Ed Newton, Daniel Rueben and Dora Etta.
Miss Verdie Reed, daughter of Mary E. Reed; and Miss Grace Cast daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gary Cast; George Melvin Sommers, whose parents were deceased and was raised by Riley Morrison graduated in 1897.
The children of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Waddups: George Edward, James Joseph and Margaret.
Children of Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Carlisle: Carrie, Roy and Pearl.
The mother of Irene (Long) Thomas: Verda Butts.
Many a fond memory of the struggle to get through school in these early years will long be remembered by those mentioned above, as well as other former students. No school enumeration records were filed until 1896, but many generations have set their foot in the classroom of the singing school, where states and capitals and ABC's were sung with great gusto and their favorite games included "black man", "pussy want a corner", "dare base", "fox and geese", etc. These, too, will soon be only a memory of their "Liberty Years".
Some grandparents of the above mentioned children during this span of about 39 years attended "Old Liberty" during the early years of their youth. Great progress has been made during these 39 years. A regular course of study has been prescribed, the most approved text books adopted and the schools have been graded whereby the pupils on completing the course, become entitled to certificates of proficiency. Formerly, no regular course of study was laid down; there were no classifications and graduation, hence graduation was impossible. It was no easy task to graduate from common school. A very rigid examination was taken on all subjects, testing the knowledge of the student. This test would last all day. An article from the April 25, 1902, issue of the Kewanna Herald stated that 130 persons took the examination for pupils of the 8th grade of the Fulton County Schools. Out of the entire number, only 21 students received a grade that would entitle them to diplomas of graduation. Union township had 17 applicants and no graduates; Wayne township had 12 applicants and 4 graduates.
Education had become a seriously-talked-of matter by 1902. A law had been passed to give the country boy and girl the same benefits as children in the schools of cities and towns. The following article was found in the Kewanna Herald (Jan. 14, 1898 issue) entitled
Concentrated Schools".
"Country children will have equal advantage with the city and town children. The purpose is to concentrate all schools of one township into two or more school buildings and to those buildings, substantial and thoroughly equipped with modern educational appliances, to employ as many thoroughly competent teachers as necessary to teach them. Comfortable hacks are to be employed in conveying the pupil to and from school. The plan will furnish facilities for country boys and girls to get the same benefits of our great free school system that town and city pupils enjoy, and be a great saving.
"Country school houses and their necessary adjuncts cost from $1000 to $1500 each and the repair on such property is a 100% greater than cost would be on one building, and besides, it would lift common schools up to the highest grade of popular education. Country boys and girls would have first class high school facilities and free transportation to and from school. Hack hire about $1 per day but the expenses of consolidated systems would be only about one-half as much as to conduct district schools. The saving would be applied to transportation expenses and the balance to mainentance of longer and a better school term. This would also induce country boys and girls to remain in school longer and to complete a high school eduction in keeping up with the progress of the world."
This did encourage Wayne Township to build their first high school for students of Wayne Township: Majesty High School, the title given the school by its first trustee, E. J. Buchanan. Majesty High School was completed by the end of 1903.
In January 1902, a more strict truancy law was passed - it compelled parents to send their children to public schools until they were 14 years old, regardless of their financial condition. The "factory act" law was to be strictly enforced also. No children under 14 years of age were permitted to work in the factory; if the parents allowed them to do so, they would be proseucted.
The compulsory educational law was passed in 1897; the report of June 30, 1900, showed a gain of 6.5% attendance. All children who would be six years old before Jan. 1, 1902, must start to school in the fall of 1901; thus many children would be five years old when they started their schooling. Elmer Julian Buchana, better known as "Jude", Wayne Township trustee, and his advisory board had made plans to replace Liberty School at a new location. The plans were adopted on Monday, May 11, 1902, by Joe Ault and M. O. Bitters of Rochester.
There was a great dissatisfaction among the community as the farmers were having a great struggle to get along, as taxes were so high and the price of corn and other samll grains were so low. They couldn't understand why such an expensive building was needed.
In the fall of 1902, the new brick structure eliminating the old school house was not completed; therefore, students returned and commenced their studies in the old Liberty School (located on road 950S). Around Christmas, however, Liberty District No. 6 was completed and the proud students moved, in Jan. 1903, into their new class room, which was much larger and had better equipment.
The old school and land was put up for auction. Warranty Deed for the real estate was dated Nov. 17, 1903. Wayne Township of Fulton County conveyed and warranted to John R. Morphet (better known as "John Dick" in this community) the 100/160 acre for the sum of $97. This was acknowledged by Elmer J. Buchanan, trustee of Wayne Twp., before John Burns, a Justice of Peace, recorded Dec. 8, 1903 (found in Deed Book 41 - page 123).
It is believed that my father, James M. Cunningham, bought the building at the same time with the intentions of moving the building to a new location. (I was unable to find out how much he paid for it.) At that time, he was working for his uncle near Ripley, Ind. Mr. Morphet wanted to sell this school lot to my father which he did Nov. 25, 1905, for the sum of $160.
My father converted this school house into a four-room one and one-half story dwelling, not changing too much of the outside structure, only the location of the front door and the addition of windows on the north side and some in the upper story. He moved with his wife Millie and two and a half year old son, Everett, in the fall of 1905. They purchased an additional 60 square rods Aug. 28, 1906, from Solomon M. Hollenback. By buying this, they would have an acre of land. My parents lived there all of their lives except 1921-1927 and I was born at this place in the year 1919. The dwelling is still standing, but in very poor condition.
The picture gives you an idea as to how the school house was designed, with the exception of the windows and the location of the chimney. You may notice that many trees are still standing and can imagine how it looked 40 some years ago. It is believed this picture was taken in 1907, showing my father James, my mother Millie and brother Everett, the family dog and their horse used for transportation. The shed at the right was not there when it was a school.
Much research was done through personal interviews of those who attended this school as students: Bertha (Brown) Hiatt, Myrtle (Hollenback) Champ, Walter Brown, the 1883 Atlas, records from the Fulton County Courthouse, the Fulton County Library, old newspapers from the Kewanna Library, the Sommers Family, and memories from neighbors.

NEW SITE FOR A NEW SCHOOL
(Liberty District No. 6)
A new site was selected to build the new school, in the northeast corner of a large woods one-fourth mile west and one-half mile north of the old building. On Aug. 2, 1902, Wayne Township purchased three-fourths acre from an unmarried lady, Miss Matilda Brunk, in Section 30 Range 1 East, southwest part of Wayne township for the sum of $75. This was not entered for taxation until Jan. 15, 1904. Elmer J. Buchanan was the trustee and W. S. Gibbons was the county superintendent. (Found in Deed Book dated Jan. 25, 1901 - Jan. 31, 1908.)
The land was formerly purchased by Francis Charles Brunk from the Swamps in July 1836, a total of 165 acres for $200 or $1.25 per acre, thus the school lot being a divided portion of this farm, 80 acres owned by Miss Brunk.
This site is located on the corner of road 900S and 1100W on the north side of road 900S. The school was facing south, on the farm of Lawrence "Mike" Funk. This school was known as the best constructed of all the township elementary schools called common schools. It was constructed of brick, a much different design, a slate roof and a half basement with a furnace and several windows for light. It is believed to be the last elementary one-room school built in Wayne Township. The Jame I. Barnes Construction Company of Logansport built this lovely building, one mile north of Fulton and Cass county line and one mile east of the Pulaski-Fulton county line.
Many huge trees of poplar, red oak and white oak were cut before construction could begin. All trees were cut and corded for fire wood to be used in the furnace. The land was surrounded by wooded area on the north and west (the remaining 79.25 acres owned by Miss Brunk) and the road on the east and the south.
The brick building faced the south on road 900S with four cement steps and double doors at the entrance. This led to a small door which opened into the main classroom. A window was located on each side of the double doors with a cloak room on the east side for the girls and a pump-room; on the west side was a teacher's supply room, the boys' cloak room and space for the storage of wood. In each cloak room was a shelf where children put their dinner buckets or baskets. On the north side were continuous glass windows which extended to the high ceiling. On the east side where the teacher's desk and library table were located was the blackboard of good quality slate; above the blackboard was a pair of double windows which resemble picture windows today. In the southeast corner was a wash room. Here the water pump was located, also a tin cup for drinking. A large chimney was on the west side. In the northwest corner was a floor grate where the heat would come from the furnace. No one seems to know how they got to the half basement which was under the main clasroom, as memories of some students said the basement wasn't very high, and the only opening was basement-size windows on the outside. Curiosity was stirred up when they were asked about firing the furnace. The basement floor was dirt, as one student said, "A good place to play hide and seek... even if we did get our clothes muddy." The furnaace was not a success; it was only used three terms. The next school term a large pot-belly stove was placed in the northwest corner; still it wouldn't keep the classroom warm. Later a stove was placed in the center of the room with a long stovepipe extending to the northwest corner.
The classroom was facing the east. The teacher's desk was in the northeast corner and a library table was on the southeast next to the girls' cloak room. A former teacher, Mrs. Beatrice Walsh Stahl, had a clever way of stating, "Toilet facilities were picturesque outhouses that James Whitcomb Riley wrote about in the 'Passing of the Outhouse'" They were located along the north fence, girls' to the west and boys' to the east; just follow the "y" shaped path and go to your proper direction. A small shed was on the west side for shelter for the horse and for storage of firewood to be used during the bad weather.
In January 1903, the clanging of a school bell was heard, ringing one-half hour before classes were to begin at 8:30 a.m. (Central Standard Time), again five minutes before the last bell at 9:00 a.m. dismissing at 4:00 p.m. with 15 minutes recess in the forenoon and in the afternoon. There was a period of one hour at noon.
The school term was from six months to eight months; between 50 and 60 students attended the primer and first through the eighth grades, until a horse-drawn school hack started one and a half miles east from Liberty in 1914 hauling elementary children into Grass Creek. All high school children had to furnish their own transportaiton.
Children of all ages, 5 through 20, attended this school walking as far as two miles through the woods and roads. Later a few rode bicycles to and from school, each carrying their lunches in lunch buckets, or if the family was large the lunch was packed in a large market basket and all the family ate from it.
It wasn't unusual to walk to school barefooted during the warmer days. Dale Haselby said he remembered it turning very cold and snowing one day. He had to return home barefoot in two inches of snow, his feet nearly frozen. Many times he took bread and milk for his lunch and left it outdoors, it was frozen hard ... no lunch that day.
Some of the teachers would drive their horse and buggy, others would walk to and from school or board and room nearby. Many students would be in charge of starting the fire and carrying the firewood. It was impossible for some of the teachers to arrive early enough to get the fire started in time to heat the building; even then the children sat as near the stove as possible wearing their coats and boots on the real cold and windy days. The teacher was allowed janitor fees; she in turn paid the student, or a former student, for his duties. Two students responsible for these chores while attending school were Dick Funk, age 11, and Dale Haselby. Dick was responsible for hauling wood and firing the stove for two years for Miss Helen Burns and Miss Letha Jones. He received 25 cents per week. Dale walked three-fourths mile and went one hour before school took up to get the fire started. He couldn't recall the name of the teacher who paid him.
Dale and Dick said they made a fountain pen, the first one ever to be used in the school. They had also built two or three outdoor brick furnaces for which they would catch a rabbit, dress it and roast it, as well as roasting apples, weiners etc. At that time there were only about 20 students attending.
The school attendance was more regular since children had to attend until the age of 14. In the fall of 1901, County Superintendent W. S. Gibbons had adopted a very unique incentive to encourage prompt attendance at school as well as good conduct and well-kept books on the part of the common school pupils. Teachers presented badges or buttons to be worn by students entitled to them. The county superintendent had a stamp with him while visiting the schools with which he placed a badge of honor in all neatly-kept books. The use of this button and stamp made it easy to see at a glance who the prompt, orderly and careful pupils were. This plan was carried on for several years.
On the last day of school, a carry-in dinner was held. A few teachers would give souvenir booklets listing the names of students attending and also grade cards.
All eighth graders of the various schools in the township would have to go to Grass Creek to take a rigid examination lasting a full day. If a passing grade average of 75 was made, your grades were mailed to you and you received a diploma. Olive (Emerson) Thomas has her father's (Ralph Emerson 1885-1972) diploma issued on date of June 8, 1904, by the Public School Dept. He graduated from "Common School of Wayne Township Schools," signed by Arthur Deamer, County Superintendent. Emerson was attending Liberty School at the time. All diplomas were issued in June, although school was out in March or April. No graduation exercises were held until later years.
The following article was found in the April 25, 1919, issue of the Kewanna Herald:
"The first time in history of Fulton County, the schools in the eight townships will hold a joint commencement exercise in Rochester, probably in June. Besides saving in expenses to the county, it is expected the new idea will prove more popular with everyone concerned."
Wayne Township had only four one-room schools left by the fall term which began Sept. 17, 1917: Dewey, Blue Grass, Lake, and Liberty.
A survey was taken in the spring of 1919 by County Superintendent Thomas F. Berry, requested by the State Department of Education. There were a total of 39 one-room school houses not in favor of the consolidated school idea which was so much in use over the state at that time. According to the survey, County Superintendent Berry found 16 of those in use should be condemned, at least they were in a condition that would allow their condemnation without a murmur of disapproval. In the 39 schools in the county, there were 30 teachers who had never taught previously; this situation having been brought about largely by World War I conditions. Salaries for the new teacher ran from $52 to $60 per month.
Many patrons agreed with the poet who said, "All through the war we skimped and saved to win the battles.... fine prices don't retreat, a dollar goes much quicker.... So at home we still must skimp to bring both ends together, while profiteers grow weak and limp neath loads of coin in leather. When we breakfast or we sup, or even sit down to dinner, we ration sugar from one cup and spread the butter thinner." This seems to be the feeling of the county and the township.... the patrons fighting to hang on to their schools. (Found in the Kewanna Herald April 1919 issue.)
Most children attended the primer through the eighth grade; a few were only 15 when they graduated. Some would return to learn more as they hadn't planned to go on to high school. The subjects taught were reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling, history, geography, physiology, English and composition. The Chart Class, now called the Primer, which merged into the first grade depending on the size of the class, learned phonics, letters of the alphabet and words from the charts used in their books. In later years, around 1910, agriculture was taught for two years and then discontinued until 1915. Myrtle (Hollenback) Champ, who attended school 1901-1912, had some school books which were used at the time. The prices of the books were fixed by law: First Reader, 10 cents; Second Reader, 15 cents; Third Reader, 25 cents; Fourth Reader, 30 cents; Fifth Reader, 40 cents; Elementary Arithmetic, 35 cents; Complete Arithmetic, 45 cents; Elementary Geography, 30 cents; and Complete Geography, 75 cents.
Many spelling bees, cipher matches, debates and queries were held nearly every Friday afternoon. A county spelling bee was held in the courthouse at Rochester during the fall of 1910 in which a representative of each of the eight townships in the county were present. Miss Myrtle Hollenback was chosen to go from Liberty and had the opportunity to reach the finals; she misspelled a word so the judges gave the other contestant the championship gift without making her spell the word. Mr. Pearl Thrush, her teacher, felt this was unjust so he presented her with a fountain pen. Myrtle was very proud of her gift as fountain pens were very rare at that time.
The following school rules were a necessity:
1. Every child between the age of 6 and 14 years who has not graduated from common school shall attend school each year for a term or period not less than that of the Public Schools of the School Corporation where the child resides. Sickness is the only excuse. Every pupil is required to attend school regularly and promptly.
2. A pupil must pursue such studies as the teacher shall direct.
3. No pupil shall be promoted until he is able to sustain a satisfactory examination.
4. In case of continued failure to do the work of the class, a pupil may be placed in a lower grade.
5. Pupils, on being dismissed from school in the evening, must go home immediately.
6. The use of tobacco in any form or chewing gum, vulgar or profane language at school or on the way to or from school, is forbidden.
7. Good order is required at all times, not for the purpose of gratifying the whim of the teacher, but exists in the very nature of the schools as an organization.
8. No pupil is excused from taking the Bi-monthly Examination.
9. No diploma will be granted unless the pupil takes part in commencement exercises. (This was for high school graduates as Grass Creek had its first graduation exercises in 1907)
The grade card was sent within one week from the close of each two months. At the beginning of the next school term, proof of promotion was needed. The grade card or a certificate was necessary. Departmental grades were figured to get the general average. In 1909 a first grader's subjects for the first two months were Spelling, Reading and Penmanship. The next two months an additional subject, Arithmetic, was added, followed by Language in the last two months. In the second grade (1910), Nature and Neatness were added. By the time a student reached the sixth grade, Geography, Grammar, Physiology and History completed the list.
School holidays were Thanksgiving celebrated on Thursday and Friday and a week off for Christmas.
Children had many favorite games with most teachers taking part: "drop the handkerchief," "handy over," "jump the rope," "hide and seek," "dare base," and "tag." If enough older children were present, games such as baseball and "fox and geese" were enjoyed. New games, made by the children, were "shinny on the rock" and "duck on drake." During the winter when the pond was frozen over, they enjoyed hockey and ice skating. "Black Man" was a favorite, but as one teacher said, "I am sure you can't call it that now; certainly there must be another name for it."
Ink bottles were stored near the wood stove each evening during the coldest weather, to prevent breakage. It was nothing unusual to hear ink stoppers popping open on these days, as well as boys pushing the ink bottles off a desk with their arms.
Glen Funk recalls baking clay marbles at various times during recess or the noon hour. They would get clay soil and dampen it with water, rolling it into a small ball the size of marbles. A fire was built in the outdoor brick furnace to bake them. About the time they felt they were baked enough, they asked to be excused to go to the restroom, but instead to check on their project. In order to prevent the teacher from knowing, a different boy would take his turn. This happened often and the teacher began a new rule: every time anyone went to the toilet he had to bring in a stick of firewood. That was too much work, so the project soon ended.
Carl Dean Shafer didn't attend this school until his third grade, thus ending his fifth grade at this building. He recalls his lunch would come up missing nearly every day for several months. A boy from a family living nearby would raid his lunch bucket; the father was a drunkard and the children were bery hungry. Dean said he would deliver food by horse and buggy to this family, as well as five other families in need, at Christmas, food which was prepared by his grandmother, Mrs. Elizabeth (Uhl) Jones. It may have consisted of a fat hen, noodles, one quart homemade applebutter, a half bushel potatoes, a half bushel apples and two dozen eggs. He said he always wondered why his lunch bucket was chosen, but found out he had better lunches than some.
The James Fall's family moved into the community in the spring of 1909, having a very large family (at one time they had nine children attending at the same time at Liberty). It was a great shock to the school when this family moved in the spring of 1919 and five left. The school attendance wasn't near as large, anyway, by this time, leaving a balance of eight. Dale Haselby said, "We never did survive that. We had to answer questions in every class then, and we couldn't get out of it." Many have remarked how nice that family got along at lunch time. The children brought their lunch in a market basket daily and sat around it, never arguing or afraid one would get more than the others.
When the enumeration was taken during the spring of 1919, District 1 showed 11 pupils; District 6 = 12; District 8 = 22; District 9 showed 16 and Majestic District 11 composed 81. The schools were numbered in each district by the trustee of Wayne Township in 1855. At that time, control of the individual school was turned over to the patrons; each patron attached himself to whatever district he chose. On the first Saturday of October each year, the patrons met at the schoolhouse, elected a director of the school, chose a teacher and began those interminable district quarrels which never ended until the old directorate system wore itself out about 1900. In 1859, trustees were given control over school affairs and were to be elected annually. In 1873 a county superintendent was elected to replace the county examiner. New laws were made from time to time making an improvement to education.
The trustee and his advisory board had full control of hiring the teachers. It was difficult to hire teachers for teaching as these were difficult situations. It involved teaching students of all ages, teaching all nine grades (counting the Chart Class) and trying to satisfy students and patrons as well as giving satisfaction to the county superintendent and the trustee. In the earlier years, it was more difficult as many students were older than the teacher trying to discipline them.
A flag pole was not erected at Liberty until the school term 1923-24. One student felt they should have a flag pole and display the flag daily. This student was Grover Layer, who selected a pole from the woods on the farm of Millie House (where his parents lived), pulled it up with a horse and erected it on the school ground. He doesn't recall how he got the money to purchase a rope, pulley and a flag, but was very proud of his patriotic idea.
It seems a few students had an idea that every time an older person came in the school, they had to initiate them. Grover recalls when he moved there he was in the sixth grade. Glen and Ivan Funk, Herd Haselby (all of which were younger than he) and Juanita Cunningham, who was a year older, took him a ride on a wooden rail. Many times various tricks would be held, all in fun; sometimes fun turned into fights. If the teacher came upon the scene, the crawl space under the schoolhouse was very handy. Everyone remembered this crawl space, which was a half basement for the furnace which wasn't successful.
Baseball equipment was purchased from a box social and fall festival during the school term 1923-24. Various games of other graded schools were scheduled, sometimes not enough ball players but games were held anyway. Many other things were purchased from the box socials held during other years. This can be found under the teachers' biographies.
EDUCATIONAL LEADERS
The duty of a superintendent is to examine, visit and to inspect the schools at regular intervals and give such advice and instruction to the teachers as may be deemed necessary and proper.
Serving in the new brick building....
SUPERINTENDENTS: W. S. Gibbons being replaced by Arthur Deamer serving 1903-07; John C. Werner, 1907-13; Henry L. Becker, 1913-18; Thomas F. Berry, 1918-to the close.
TRUSTEES: Elmer "Jude" Buchanan, 1902-1904; Loey Frank Thomas, 1905-1908; Emery O. Weeks, 1909-1912; Frank Douglas, 1913-1922; William McLochlin, 1923-1926.
TEACHERS. . . . No one seems to know, for sure, who was the first teacher to teach at the new building. It would have been only three months when they moved from the old building to the new . . . January to March. (Walter Brown recalls going a half year to the old and a half year to the new.) Floyd Leasure or Frank Thomas taught the first full term. The majority of former students I talked to thought Mr. Leasure taught before Mr. Thomas. . .
Jan, 1903 to end of term: unknown
1903-04: Floyd Leasure
1904-05: Loey Frank Thomas
1905-07: Charles Hollenback
1907-08: Miss Vallie Murray
1908-09: Mary Snyder
1909-10: Mabel Feidner
1910-11: Mr. Pearl Thrush
1911-12: Anne Clarissa (Clara) Murray
1912-13: Calvin Alber
1913-14: Andrew Jack Harsh
1914-16: Clifford Baggerley
1916-17: Margaret Pensinger
1917-19: Esther Shanley
1919-20: Helen Burns
1920-21: Letha Jones
1921-22: Blanche Feidner
1922-23: Beatrice Walsh
1923-24: Gertrude McLochlin
1924-25: Lola Florence Daily
FLOYD J. LEASURE
Floyd J. Leasure was born June 1, 1872, the son of Thomas S. and Elmira (Markle) Leasure. The father was a farmer and mechanic; both parents were buried in the Grass Creek Cemetery. Floyd began his teaching career at the age of 30 in the year 1903; received his elementary education in graded schools in the home community and graduated from Kewanna High School in 1902. He then attended Winona College and later Valparaiso University, was graduated from that institution with a degree of Bachelor of Pedagogy. He next took a degree of Bachelor or Arts from same. He took up the profession of teaching in Fulton County, having charge of various country one-room schools, for three years. He taught at Liberty one year, Feidners and someone thought at a one-room school in Grass Creek. For a period of seven years thereafter, he was an instructor in the graded schools. He was offered a position in the high school at Grass Creek, holding this position for five years, then was appointed principal of Grass Creek High School (1918-1923) serving five years. Mr. Leasure married Miss Fannie Jones, born 1881, who was a student during the year he taught at Liberty. She was also a teacher, teaching elementary grades and high school at Grass Creek, and holding the same degres as her husband. During each summer they would return to above-mentioned colleges for more training. In the fall of 1923 they went to the state of California and established residence, continued their teaching career until they retired. Mr. and Mrs Leasure had one son, Wayne.
Floyd and Fannie (Jones) Leasure can be well remembered, as they endeared themselves to the people of the Grass Creek community in which they spent so many years as educational instructions of Grass Creek.
Floyd only taught one year at Liberty; it is believed to be 1903-04 but may have been 1904-05. During the year of 1903-04, 53 regular students attended this new building: Hiram and Andrew Allen; Bertha and Walter Brown; James, Minnie, Bertha, Arthur and Ernest Burns; Bert Cunningham; Leslie, Harry, Roy, Nellie, Edward, Eliza and Eldon Campbell; Warren, Edward, Daniel and Dora Cummings; Lydia, Fieldon, Blanche and Ada Compton; Leroy Cummings; John, Nellie and Mary Hoover; Zola, Emil, Ethel and Myrtle Hollenback; Edward, Elijah and Harry Hiatt; Orville, Fannie, Mamie, Hazel and Howard Jones; Wesley and Milo Hizer; Elsie and George Nickels; Ralph, Elizabeth and Charles Emerson; Ethel and Elsworth Gangweir; Joe and Gilbert Jones; Ethel Kramer; William and John Recker; and Otis Vernon.
LOEY FRANK THOMAS
Loey Frank Thomas, better known as Frank, was born Sept. 23, 1878, and died May 14, 1956. He was the son of James W. and Martha Anders Thomas and lived in Pulaski County near Victor Chapel Community, where he received his common school education; he then attended college at Rochester, paying a $10 tuition per semester and $2.50 a week board and room. In 1898 he began his teaching career, taught in a one-room school called "Clark" near Winamac with 28 students of all ages. Mr. Thomas married in 1903 Miss Grace Etta Huffman and lived in Grass Creek, where he was part owner of the hardward and helped another brother operate a stockyard. He was hired as teacher at Liberty by trustee Jude Buchanan; county superintendent was Arthur Deamer. Frank only taught one term at Liberty 1904-1905. The next year he taught at Dewey School 1905-1906. He was elected in 1904 trustee of Wayne Township. At the age of 26, he began his first term serving 1905-08, thus becoming the youngest trustee in the state of Indiana. He was elected trustee of Wayne Township again in the year 1942 serving two terms 1943-1950. During this term of office, he originated the Wayne Township Volunteer Fire Department and purchased the first pumper truck. He also established the G. I. Agricultural School for ex-service men.
Mr. Thomas wasn't only a business man and educator, but was also a carpenter who built his own home and canning factory in Grass Creek. Mr. Thomas was the father of nine children, four daughters and five sons, and also a farmer. His nephew, Robert Thomas, operated the hardware in Grass Creek.
CHARLES HOLLENBACK
Charles Hollenback was the first teacher to teach two years in succession, teaching in 1905-06 and 1906-07. He taught three of his younger sisters: Myrtle, born in 1896; Ethel, born in 1893 and died in 1975; and Fern, born in 1901, thus he was her primer year teacher. Charles retained his sister Myrtle in the fourth grade as their first cousin wasn't capable to be promoted. In order to keep peace in the other family he retained her although she was capable to be promoted. This shows how difficult it is to teach a relative.
He saved a child's life while teaching at Liberty. Ernest Allen was eating a piece of fried chicken for his lunch when the end of the drumstick came off and lodged in his throat. He was jumping up and down in the aisle making a funny noise. Everyone, at first, thought he was showing off; Charlie noticed his face was turning blue, immediately grabbed him up by the heels and started shaking him, finally getting results.
He lived with his parents one-half mile from the school, teaching 40 students in 1905-06 and 36 students in 1906-07. Charles was born Dec. 8, 1885, and died Sept. 25, 1962, the son of Solomon (Mack) and Laura (Uhl) Hollenback. He attended his first four years at Sutton School in Pulaski County, then attended and completed his common school at Liberty in 1903. He went to six weeks normal school and started teaching in a one-room school near Marshtown followed by Feidner and two years at Liberty. He had a total of six years of college. He quit teaching after four years, then worked in the office of the "Big Four" railroad in Indianapolis for several years. He was married to Miss Myrtle McCauley on Nov. 17, 1908, from which marriage there were no children born. He died at the age of 76 in Kokomo, a retired salesman for South Bend Whilesale Company, after an illness of three and a half years.
VALLIE MURRAY
Miss Vallie Agnes Murray taught only one term (1907-08) at Liberty. She was the oldest daughter of former trustee, Robert Owen and Mary Murray. She had two sisters, Sarah M., better known as Sadie Murray Waddups, and Anne Clarrisa (Clara) Murray Miller, who also taught at Liberty. Vallie was born Mar. 23, 1884, and died Dec. 26, 1949. She was married on June 9, 1912, to Ray Maudlin, had two sons, Murray and Merrill. Both children attended Grass Creek and graduated in the same class of 1934.
While teaching at Liberty, she roomed and boarded at the home of William Ola and Minnie Cunningham. I couldn't find out very much about her or her teaching career. She had a total of 35 students of all ages; several were taller than she.
Burns children: Bertha, Minnie, Arthur and Ernest; Bertha and Walter Brown; the Allen children: John, William, Mary, Edward, and Ernest; Curtis and Luther Hollis; Leroy Dewyre; Ira Nickels; Ethel and Elsworth Gangweir; Harry and Elijah (better known as John) Hiatt; the Hollenback children: Emil, Ethel, Myrtle and Fern; the Jones children: Mary (better known as Mamie), Hazel, Howard and Russel; Elsie, George and Phoebe Nickels; Andrew Moyer; Andrew Garl and Hiram Scott.
MARY SNYDER
Miss Mary Snyder taught one year, 1908-09. She was hired by Frank Thomas, trustee, and John C. Werner, county superintendent. A graduate of Grass Creek High School in 1908 she went to 12 weeks normal school and taught her first year at Liberty. She married Ed Walsh, called "Big Eg" and thus continued her teaching career but I couldn't find out how long. My brother, Everett Cunningham, started his primer class under her teaching. His subjects were Spelling, Reading and Writing. She had a total of 35 students.
MABEL FEIDNER
Miss Mabel Feidner taught one year, 1909-10. She was born Nov. 2, 1888, the daughter of William and Sarah Feidner, having one brother Arthur Feidner. She lived three miles from Liberty and drove a horse and buggy daily. A few older children attended school this year to receive more education after they had already graduated from the eighth grade. Miss Feidner married Roy Benham of Jasonville Ind., on Dec. 30, 1915. They moved to Jasonville, then returned in March 1917 to the Grass Creek community on a 120-acre farm purchased by her father, Wm. Feidner. She died at the early age of 30 in 1919 from influenza.
She attended her elementary education at the Feidner one-room school and graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1908. She then went to the Feidner School in 1910-11. Someone thought she was still teaching at Feidner School when it burned down during the school term 1911-12. The students at that school were taken in a horse-drawn bus to Grass Creek to school. Miss Feidner didn't get to complete the year. She was noted to be a very kind teacher, teaching 40 students ranging from age 5 to 20. Emil Hollenback was janitor for Miss Feidner, also for Mary Snyder.
Bertha Brown, age 15, had already graduated but did not plan to go to high school. Minnie Burns, age 20; Harry Hiatt, age 20; Hazel Jones; Clrole and Nathan Abbott (brothers to Riley, John and Flora)... This group, age 16-20, attended this school term for more schooling after graduation, while others were in the eighth grade a second or third time.
PEARL F. THRUSH
Mr. Pearl F. Thrush only taught one year at Liberty, 1910-1911, under John C. Werner, county superintendent and Emery O. Weeks, trustee. The school term began Sept. 26, 1910, and closed Mar. 17, 1911. He began his teaching career here after he graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1910. Pearl was born in Oct. 1891, the son of Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Thrush. Many people were confused by his first name, thinking he was a lady; I am told his sister had a man's name. At the close of the school term he gave each student a class souvenir booklet with his picture on the front page. A total of 38 pupils (22 male and 16 female) went to school under his instruction.
Alphonso, Anna, Michael, Hulda, Grace, Guy, Rosetta and Dole Fall; Ruth, Phoebe, George and Elsie Nickels; Riley, John, Flora and Nathan Abbott; Cunningham cousins: Burtie and Everett Cunningham; Russell and Howard Jones; Arthur and Ernest Burns; Ernest, Edward and Cora Allen; Myrtle and Fern Hollenback; Hiram and Garl Scott; Irene Long; Hazel Rife; Andrew Moyer; Chester, Herren and Walter Brown; Lillian Shaw Abbott and Bechtold Lee Abbott.
Examinations on subjects were given every two months and two days in a row. During this school term the first was given Nov. 17 and 18 in 1910, the second on Jan. 19 and 20 in 1911 and the third on Mar. 9 and 10, 1911. These dates were taken from a grade card signed by him as a teacher this school term.
CLARA MURRAY
Miss Anne Clarrisa Murray, better known as Clara Murray, taught one school term, 1911-12, school beginning Sept. 18, 1911. She was born Mar. 25, 1890, the daughter of Robert Owen and Mary Murray. An older sister, Vallie, taught here previously. Clara graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1909; she taught one year at the Feidner School before coming to Liberty. The trustee was Emery Weeks and Henry Becker was county superintendent. She taught at Grass Creek Grade School following her teaching at Liberty. During her last term and Christmas vacation, she was married to Alva Miller Dec. 28, 1916. They had one son, Troy Lee.
Irene Long Thomas, who was in the second grade at the time, can remember one day the older girls holding Miss Murray down on the floor and placing a large stick of chalk in her mouth and making her hold it between her teeth. Irene, yet today, never could figure out why they were treating her teacher that way.
Guy Fall told me that he and five other older boys blocked the door with school desks and wouldn't let Miss Murray in her classroom - made her stay outdoors in the cold until she promised to treat them at Christmas. He said they were all larger than she was.
Miss Murray had a total of 37 students, no primer class or seventh graders and having ten pupils in the eighth grade all taller than she. There were seven in the fourth grade and seven in the sixth; she is known to have taught the largest number in any one grade.
The eighth grade composed of Myrtle Hollenback; Flora Abbott; Edward Allen, Arthur and Ernest Burns (brothers); Howard Jones; Grace and Guy Fall (brother and sister); Norma and Cecil Fall (brother and sister). The sixth grade consisted of Fern Hollenback; Mae Daily; Russell Jones; Phoebe Nickels; Carl Fall; Chester Young and Andrew Moyer. The fifth grade was Jennie Fall; Johnnie Abbott and Hiram Scott. The fourth grade was composed of Hulda and Anna Fall; Riley Abbott; Hazel Rife; Ernest Allen and Leo Daily. The third grade consisted of Cora Allen; Michael Fall; Ruth Nickels; Burtie and Everett Cunningham (cousins). In the second grade was Irene Long. In the first grade was Philip Daily; Rose and Alphonso Fall (brother and sister); Daniel Nickels and Helen Pherson.
Mrs. Alvah (Clara Murray) Miller died of scarlet fever at an early age of 30 on Nov. 19, 1920. All of her life was spent in the Grass Creek community.
CALVIN ALBER
Calvin H. Alber taught one year, 1912-13, for a six and a half month term starting the second week in September and closed April 2, 1913. He was the son of Daniel Osborn and Margaret Jane (Dill) Alber born on May 31, 1893. He was hired by Emery O. Weeks, trustee, and served under Henry L. Becker, county superintendent. He began his education in Cass County in a one-room school called Hazel Patch in Bethlehem Township for seven years, then went to a one-room school near Fletchers Lake, in the eighth grade for two years. He graduated in 1908 and then went to Grass Creek High School; in 1910 the trustee (Frank Douglas) transferred him to Metea High School; he learned it was not a commissioned school so returned to Grass Creek High School and graduated in 1912. He then got a job in construction as he wanted to be a carpenter. One day the trustee (Mr. Weeks) came to him and told him a teacher was needed and that he could not find one and asked if he would be interested. Mr. Alber went immediately to Terre Haute State Teachers Normal for 12 weeks and passed the examination, thus teaching at Liberty. Salary was $450. The next year (1913-1914) he taught at Fletchers Lake one-room school and in the school year 1914-15 taught seventh and eighth grades at Grass Creek. He continued teaching for another 32 years in Cass and Elkhart
counties.
Mr. Alber lived about 10 miles from Liberty School. His brother, who was attending Grass Creek High School, would bring him Monday morning and pick him up on Friday evening. He roomed and boarded at the home of Mack Hollenback, then walked daily to school. He did all his own janitor duties.
Mr. Alber said whenever the trustee and county superintendent would visit him, Mr. Weeks always slept when he got in a warm place; Mr. Becker sat so he could coach him in teaching. Mr. Alber would keep moving so the stove would be between them, not realizing he was doing that until questioned about the situation.
He said when his first discipline problem arose, he didn't know how to handle it, as he had never been taught what to do. During the noon hour, two fifth-grade girls got into a real fight, each pulling hair, blacking the eyes and nose bleedings. To add to the problem the girls were cousins and about as tall as he was. He said if they had been boys he would knave known what to have done.
One day a mother came to him and demanded he clean up the school as she had found a head louse on her daughter. He watched carefully and every time students scratched their head they were examined, never finding any. Later on, he said jokingly to the mother, "How did you ever find just one lousy girl!!!"
Scarlet Fever broke out in the school. No one had it but one girl with no other case in the community. They finally found out that the girl had bought a pair of underwear from a clothing store where a girl that had recovered from the disease was ordered to buy all new clothing, purchased the wrong size and returned it. The storekeeper didn't know the family had the disease or wouldn't have exchanged sizes.
Nearly every Friday afternoon Mr. Alber would have a question box; each student wrote a question to be ansered by a certain student. There was a question for a second grader that stuttered quite a bit so Mr. Alber watched his chance and removed it from the box. A seventh grader, whom Mr. Alber had guessed from the handwriting, told him he missed one question and told what it was and to whom. That was the only time that boy, or any others tried that trick during the year.
He had one girl in the primer class, this being her third year in the same class. The girl had a hearing problem and asthma; each period an older girl would help her and finally get her started. There were no eighth graders under his instruction. The last row of seats in the classroom were double seats. The 22 children attending were the following: Fall's children: Carl, Jennie, Annie, Alphonso, Hulda and Michael; Cunningham cousins: Everett and Burtie; Nickels children: Ruth, Phoebe and Daniel; Shunk children: Velta and Crissie; Fern Hollenback; Andrew Moher; Ernest Allen; Russell Jones; Hiram Scott; Hazel Rife; Cora Allen; Helen Pherson, and Delmar Funk.
JACK HARSH
Andrew Jack Harsh taught several years before coming to Liberty to teach only one term, 1913-14. He was known as the oldest man to have taught at Liberty, being 55 years old. Mr. Harsh always drove a one-horse wagon to school. He was hired by Emery O. Weeks trustee, and known to have taught three years at the Feidner School sometime before it burned down in 1911. Mr. Harsh and his horse were snowbound during the winter and had to stay a month at the Mike Funk home nearby; Mr. Harsh's home was in Grass Creek.
In the fall of the year, he loaded all the 32 students in his one-horse wagon and went hickory nut hunting. This treat would depend on how well lessons had been prepared for the day.
Mr. Harsh lost several students after Christmas as a horse-drawn bus was routed east of the school one and one-half mile. Several students chose to change schools and go to Majesty at Grass Creek to finish their elementary grades.
Mr. Harsh was a very strict, but good teacher; everyone seemed to learn under his instruction. The first day of school was well remembered: he went out and rang the school bell, came in with two long willow switches, placing one above the blackboard and another standing in the corner. He turned around and said, "Good morning, I am your new teacher, Jack Harsh. I'm here to teach you and you'll all learn one way or the other." The third morning he asked what song they wanted to sing to which a girl said a certain number. One boy said, "Hell, we don't want to sing that number." He soon found out that was the wrong thing to say and that Mr. Harsh meant business.
Mr. Harsh was born in 1858 and died in 1914.
CLIFFORD BAGGERLEY
Clifford Baggerley taught two years, 1914-15 and 1915-16. He was the son of Charles and Melessia Baggerley and was born Aug. 30, 1896. Mr. Baggerley attended one-room schools in Pulaski County, called Swamp and Dye school, primer thru the fifth grade, Feidner school in Fulton County the sixth, seventh and eighth and graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1913. During that summer he went 12 weeks to State Normal at Terre Haute and began his first year of teaching 1913-14 at Mt. Zion, southeast of Rochester for a sixmonth term receiving $1.25 per day. He was also allowed 5-10 dents per day for janitor services. That summer he returned to State Normal for another 12 weeks, then being hired by Frank Douglas, trustee, to teach at Liberty. Henry L. Becker was county superintendent. Each summer he had to attend another 12 weeks to receive his teaching license for the next year, thus increasing the salary each time. (Mr. Baggerley didn't recall how much salary he received.) During the school term 1915-16, he was hired by trustee Frank Douglas. During the spring of 1916 was a serious outbreak of measles and school closed early but had to be made up. The final school closing was on April 14, 1916, to total 136 days. School closing was Mar. 19, 1915, for the school term 1914-15.
The student body was much smaller by the time he began teaching here, being nearly half as many. He taught a total of 18 during 1914-15 with no students in the second, fifth or eighth grades. There were three in primer: Dale Haselby, May Fall and Jeremiah Pherson. First grade: Hattie Fall and Willen (Dick) Funk. Third grade: Rosetta Fall and Delmer Funk. Fourth grade: Helen Pherson. Sixth grade: Cora Allen, Burtie and Evert Cunningham, Michael Fall and Helen Pensinger. Seventh grade: Cloyne Haselby, Ernest Allen, Anna and Hulda Fall. This was due to the horse-drawn hack hauling elementary children in to Grass Creek one and one-half miles east from this school. Chidlren nearby this route walked to meet the hack at various corners if the bus didn't go by their home. The bus route was driven by Oscar Herrold; a bus route in 1912 was driven by Ora Sedam, two miles north of the school picking up children in the Feidner school area after it burned until his contract was revoked on Feb. 7, 1917.
In the year 1915-16, Agriculture (two semester subject) and Domestic Science (last semester) was taught, boys and girls taking both subjects. This year still having 18 students, each child being promoted in 1914-15 with the exception of three members in the primer class being advanced to the second grade and the first grade promoted to the third grade. There were no sixth graders. Eva Costello and Andrew Funk were in the first grade. Mr. Baggerley presented a class souvenir book each year, the last year having his picture on the front page.
Mr. Baggerley stated that whenever the trustee and county superintendent would come to visit school, that they would hide their horse and buggy so he wouldn't know they were there.
Once a month on Friday evening the community held debates and mock trials or box socials devoting one-half hour for the program and one-half hour for entertainment. There were no lights; many patrons would bring their kerosene lanterns. The largest crowd and the most enjoyable times was the night the debating society was held. Local entertainment was given by James Cunningham and his family. James, a left-handed fiddler, played the violin; his wife Millie played the organ; and their son Everett, who was in the sixth or seventh grade, played the Bass Viol left-handed. Mr. Baggerley said he never saw a kid, or anyone else, playing a large string instrument left-handed. This was amazing to him as well as to many others. With the money Mr. Baggerley received from the debating society he purchased and installed several kerosene lamps, with the reflector shades behind them, on the sides of the school room. Following this improvement, many additional activities were held at Liberty.
Mr. Baggerley was a stern teacher; one thing he hated was for someone to talk baby talk. Dick Funk said, "I guess at the time I thought that was a smart thing to do." There were only just enough boys to play a game of baseball if all were present. One day they were playing and Dick caught the ball and quoted "Me tink me got him out." About that time Mr. Baggerley came out, so that was the end of the ballgame for a while.
After leaving Liberty, he went the next year (1916-17) and the second term (1917-18) to Grass Creek teaching the seventh and eighth grades. At the age of 21, he was drafted to serve in World War I, entering the service on June 3, 1918. While at Great Lakes Naval Training Station he became very ill with prevalent Spanish Influenza in October 1918. He was discharged from the service on June 9 1919, at Great Lakes. Mr. Baggerley returned to teaching after his return, began substituting for Miss Phoebe Nickels on Jan. 7, 1921. Miss Nickels, who was teaching at Majesty, was quarantined at her home on account of three members having scarlet fever in the Nickels home. He continued teaching full time at various places, returning again to Grass Creek in 1928 or 1929. He will be remembered by many. He is now a retired teacher living northwest of Fulton on a farm. (Editor's note: He was principal of Woodrow School south of Rochester 1939-51.)
MARGARET PENSINGER
Miss Margaret Pensinger taught one school term beginning Sept. 11, 1916, and closing April 7, 1917, under Frank Douglas, trustee, and Henry L. Becker, superintendent, teaching a total of 29 students. Miss Pensinger graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1915 and attended Terre Haute Normal. She married a Mr. Alexander. The daughter of Warren and Delia Pensinger, she was born Dec. 26, 1897, had an older brother James and a younger sister Helen who also became a teacher. They lived near the school at one time and attended four years before moving away. She was known to have taught the largest first grade class with six students, namely Laoma Fall, Bertha Allen, Hurshel Smith, Dwite (Dwight) King, Juanita Cunningham and Benjamin Allen. Other students were: second grade: Andrew Funk and Melvin Smith; third grade: Dale Haselby, Wilun (Dick) Funk, Jeremiah (Jerry) Pherson, Hattie and Mae Fall and Loretta Grauel; fourth grade: Evelyn Grauel and Denzil Smith; Fifth grade: Delmar Funk, Rosa Fall and Virginia Smith; sixth grade: Helen Pherson and Alphonso Fall; seventh grade: Virgil Hunt, Mabel Smith and George Anderson; eighth grade: Burtie Cunningham, Cora Allen, Anna Fall and Everett Cunningham.
Miss Pensinger also taught at Grass Creek, 1917-18. She then went to South Bend and began teaching 1919-20 in that area.
ESTHER SHANLEY
Miss Esther Shanley was the first lady to teach two years at Liberty. She began her teaching career at the age of 19 with 12 months of educational training at Indiana State Normal at Terre Haute, never holding less than a two-year license certificate to teach. She taught 1917-18 and 1918-19. The trustee was Mr. Frank Douglas; the county superintendent the first year was Thomas Berry and the second year, Henry Becker; Floyd Leasure was the immediate supervisor. She began her first day of teaching on Sept. 17. 1917.
Miss Shanley was born Nov. 16, 1897, the youngest of 10 children born to Thomas and Catherine (Costello) Shanley and the only surviving one in June 1975. She started her education at the age of five in a one-room country school called Shady Dell, where she attended primer through the sixth. Her sisters, Alice and Ella, were driving horse and buggy to Grass Creek High School, so her parents got permission for her to go with them. Here she attended her seventh and eighth grade, as she stated "under the marvelous teacher and humanitarian, Floyd Leasure." She graduated from Majesty High School at Grass Creek in 1916. After attending Terre Haute, she also received degrees from Chicago and DePauw universities. She was married on June 29, 1933, to Robert P. Kiehl, an electrician who worked for New York Central Railroad 15 years before his death in Chicago in the year 1964. They had no children: she now lives in Ft. Wayne.
She drove a horse and buggy whenever her family had a horse free from work, otherwise walked three miles to school. Her salary was $35 a month the first year and $50 the second. The next year, 1919-1920, she taught the seventh and eighth grade at Grass Creek consolidated school receiving $75 per month, a longer school term: September to May. She was contracted to teach the second year but was offered a teaching job in Pulaski High School for $125 per month, accepted and remained there until 1927. In 1927-28 she took the required entrance examination and passed being assigned to teach in the Chicago public schools. Here she remained until 1970; when she left the salary was $1000 per month.
During her school year 1917-18 was the World War I, and a United War Works Drive was promoted. It was felt that the youngest citizens should be asked to help in every township and county, this being done chiefly through the schools. The students responded very well as nearly everyone had a brother or a relative in the service.... "A Victory Boys and Girls Campaign." To become a "Victory Boy" or "Victory Girl" it was necessary to make a pledge to earn and give $5 in a specified length of time. Children ransacked the home premises for old rags, old rubber and old iron with many parents being irritated by the efforts of the pupils. Children felt they were doing their part. No one seemed to know the amount collected at liberty School but Wayne Township pledged $350. Also she can well remember Armistice Day on Nov. 11, 1918 when the war ended. Church bells and school bells were ringing all around.
Being her first year of teaching, it was very frightening to her. She can remember one incident which occurred during the first visit of the county superintendent who drove his horse and buggy 21 miles. Everyone in the classroom was as good as gold but she had forgotten about one whom she had given a problem to solve on the blackboard. Finally he raised his hand and called, "Teacher, I can't get this problem and there's not a damn bit of use in trying." At a side glance she saw Mr. Berry's shoulders going up and down laughing, giving her a friendly smile. She said her spirits were very low but anyway things turned out O.K. and she received a very good success grade.
Miss Shanley, a devoted teacher, had proven to be an excellent teacher and given entire satisfaction to school patrons.
HELEN BURNS
Miss Helen Burns began her teaching career at the age of 18 at Liberty. She graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1919 and from 12 weeks of normal training at Valparaiso University, only teaching one year, 1919-1920. She lived three miles north of the school with her mother Mrs. Carrie Burns; her father had been deceased since 1912. She drove a horse and buggy daily receiving $60 per month salary and allowance of $4 per month for janitor service. Frank Douglas was trustee and Thomas F. Berry was county superintendent. Miss Burns hired a boy to fire the stove and she would do the rest of the janitor duties. She often found mice in her desk at school which were placed there by a student who had caught them enroute to school. This student thought it was funny to frighten the teacher as she was terrified by these small creatures.
Miss Burns was attending Feidner school during her fifth grade (1911-12) when the school burnt. The students attending the school at the time were transferred to Grass Creek School and hauled by a horse-drawn bus driven by Ora Sedam. She graduated from common school there in 1915 and graduated from high school in the same place. After teaching at Liberty, she taught at Fletchers Lake 1920-21; the rest of her teaching career was three years in Michigan and four years in St. Joseph County. She graduated from Valparaiso University in 1926, quit teaching after nine years and had a course in business, working for Studebaker and Standard Oil and numerous other firms.
Miss Burns was married in 1939 to Leo Sattler; they have one son Alan. At the present time (1975) Mr. and Mrs. Leo Sattler live in South Bend.
While teaching at Liberty, she recalls the following students: five Fall children: Rosetta, James, Laoma, Mary and [ ------] [?]; four Funks: Dick, Andrew, Delmar and Ivan; Dale Haselby; Juanita Cunningham; Robert and Jerry Pherson; Hershel Melvin, Denzil and Virginia Smith.
LETHA JONES
Miss Letha Jones taught one term 1920-21. She came with one year of experience, teaching at Fletchers Lake one-room school following her graduation from Grass Creek High School in 1919. She drove a horse and buggy daily and hired a boy to start the fire for her. Frank Douglas was the trustee. Miss Jones was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joe Jones; they lived east of Grass Creek. Letha was married to a Mr. Easterday.
The older age of 20 was leveling off at Liberty, although the school enumeration taken by Mr. Douglas in the spring of 1921 showed school ages were 6 to 21 with a total of 312 students in Wayne Township, a decrease of ten from the year before. Many former students remember her "switch" she had above the blackboard, which she had to use often on a few students, almost daily.
BLANCHE FEIDNER
Miss Blanche Feidner taught during the school term 1921-22, being the second "Miss Feidner" to teach at this school. The daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Feidner, she served under Frank Douglas, trustee, and Thomas F. Berry, superintendent. A graduate of Grass Creek High School in 1920, she was married to a Mr. Hendry. Someone thought she lives in Wabash; no one seems to know much about her teaching career. The student body was very small, around 12 to 14.
BEATRICE WALSH
Miss Beatrice Walsh taught during the school year 1922-23. She graduated from Grass Creek High School in 1922 and immediately went to Franklin College. She had more than 12 weeks as she stayed until September, wrote an examination for a teacher's license and passed.
Miss Walsh was the youngest teacher to teach at Liberty at the age of 17. The age limit was 18. She said she told Mr. Frank Douglas, trustee, she was 18, and he replied, "Whatever you say you are, I shall believe you." He knew she wasn't, but teachers were difficult to find to teach in one-room schools. The county superintendent was Thomas F. Berry.
Miss Walsh was the daughter of William Edward (better known as Little Ed) and Nancy Walsh. Her father's uncle was Ed also, but he was called "Big Ed". Big Ed was married to Mary Snyder, a former teacher who taught at Liberty (1908-09).
Beatrice only had one student in the fifth grade, Edwin Corbin. After six weeks she placed him in the sixth grade where he did very well, thus only having seven grades to teach. School started at 8:45 C.S.T. and dismissed at 4 p.m. She drove a horse and buggy traveling 13 miles to school except for two weeks when she boarded and roomed at the home of Isaac Pherson, due to bad weather. Her grandfather bought her a buggy with sliding glass doors and a good warmer for which she heated coals before starting out. On the coldest days, she wore her father's old buffalo coat and cap. Since driving a work horse took so long, her father finally let her have the driving horse until it ran away with her three times; the last time she wrapped the wheel around a telephone pole. Mel Thomas repaired the buggy; he also told her father that horse would kill her, so she had to go back to the nice old slow horse. It took two hours going to school and the same going home.
She also taught on Saturdays as the school term was longer by now, and all the patrons were farmers and willing to do this to get out earlier in the spring. Christmas vacation was cut short also so children could help with the harvesting. The school term started in September and was out in late March. There was always a big Christmas party and Thanksgiving program. She hired Jerry Pherson, who was in the eighth grade, to build the fires, help clean the floors and do janitor duties for her. Her salary was $100 a month.
She recalls having a box social in the fall and earning $80, which was a large amount at that time. All the children and patrons worked very hard at this project. She bought three pictures for the class room of old paintings, "The Angelus", "Readings from Homer", "Blue Boy", and also books for the library.
She recalls a tragedy that happened to the Smith children: Melvin, Denzil and Virginia. Their father was found killed near the school and it was believed he was shot. The children didn't learn too well the rest of the year. Some thought it was Ethel, Fred and Ida Smith's father; both families attended Liberty.
Others attending school at that time was Jerry Pherson, Herd Haselby, Edwin and Harold Corbin, Ivan and Glen Funk, James White, Robert Pherson, Carl Dean Shafer, and Juanita Cunningham.
The next year (1923-24) with 36 weeks training, she taught the third and fourth grade at Grass Creek; 1924-25 she taught the first and second and continuing until her last year (1928-29) which was one after she was married. She quit teaching after six years and was married to the late Doctor Edward T. Stahl, a specialist, who died April 13, 1975. She now resides in West Lafayette, Ind.
Much discussion about closing Liberty in 1923 was brought up; she felt the patrons agreed to go to Grass Creek and be hauled to school. She also felt sure she was the last teacher to teach at Liberty, but a few patrons were strictly against this, thus school continued on.
GERTRUDE McLOCHLIN
Miss Leola Gertrude McLochlin taught one term, 1923-24. William McLochlin was trustee, and Thomas F. Berry, county superintendent. Elsie Garrott was the truant officer. She was the first teacher to have an automobile for transportation. Traveling the gravel roads, at various times it would be impossible to get through, so she had to room and board at the home of Ola Cunningham, then walk to school. This was during the Ku Klux Klan period and it wasn't very comfortable teaching under these situations. She often found it written on the blackboard and on her Model T Ford which she purchased while teaching at Marshtown. The children's ages ranged from 5 to 14 years for an eight-month school term taking up at 9:00 a.m. and dismissing at 4;00 C.S.T.
Leola Gertrude Mclochlin was the tenth child born to John Robert and Mary Elizabeth Harrigan McLochlin of near Blue Grass, now known as Marshtown. In 1902 she redceived her education in a one-room school in the northeast corner of Wayne Township, called Dewey and a United Brethren Church called Bethel located near the school. She received her common school education there, then attended Grass Creek High School for three years. Her parents moved to Kewanna where she completed her high school on May 2, 1921. One of her classmates was Miss Helen Pensinger; a sister to Margaret who taught at liberty also. She then went to Indiana State Normal at Terre Haute and began teaching that fall, 1921-22, for a salary of $800 a year at the one-room school which she attended during her childhood days: Dewey. She traveled seven miles with a horse and buggy. In the year of 1922-23, she taught at the Marshtown one-room school called Smalley. This school burned down and the town of Marshtown fixed up a class room in an old store for students to complete their school term. Her salery here was $840 a year. The next year those children had to go to Grass Creek and she began her teaching at Liberty 1923-24. The following year she taught in Union Township and remained there teaching fifth grade until the spring of 1933. Each summer she went to Indiana State Normal with the exception of two summers, 1923 and 1924, when she and her brother Albert went to Manchester College. She graduated from Indiana State Normal in 1927. She was married to Lawrence Holland on Aug. 13, 1932; they had five daughters, eleven grandchildren and three great-grandchiuldren (a set of twin boys, and a girl). In the fall of 1967, she returned to teaching in the Plymouth School system, teaching two years, receiving $6000 a year for a nine-month term and teaching one grade. This shows how experience, salary increased and education changed over the years as when she quit in 1933 she received $146 a month.
While teaching at Liberty she recalls one day being very frightened when a student subject to epilepsy attacks had an attack. This was her first expdrience around an indivudial that fainted or had spells; some of the other students began to cry and were afraid, with the excetion of his brother and he never let on.
Many tricks were pulled on her; the boys would do something to her car often so it wouldn't move. One student recalls they tied a rope to the wheel of her car and then to the flag pole, thus causing the axle to break. The boys would always crawl under the schoolhouse in a window and stay there until she would leave so they wouldn't get into trouble. Then to top it off, she stayed at the Mike Funk residence for the night. Do you recall that, Ivan and Glen???
Her wrist watch was broken one time when she was spanking a pupil.
She enjoyed having Thanksgiving programs as well as Christmas programs. At the close of the school term she had a big dinner and gave a school souvenir with her picture and the name of the students. She can only recall the following: Carl Dean Shafer; Juanita Cunningham; the children of Jesse Zimpleman: Cathy, Oran, Juanita and Oscar; Robert Pherson; Edwin and Harold Corgin; Ivan and Glen Funk; Ed Gunter; Herd Haselby and Grover Layer.
Mrs. Gertrude McLochlin Holland was known as a very strict teacher but one who liked fun also. She is retired and lives in Rochester at the present time.
LOLA DAILY
Miss Lola Florence Daily was the last teacher to teach at Liberty District No. 6 (1924-25). William McLochlin was trustee and Thomas F. Berry was county superintendent.
She was born on Sept. 14, 1901, in Van Buren Township, Pulaski County, the daughter of Ezra and Nancie Smith Daily. She lived with her parents, three sisters and four brothers in Fulton County on the Fulton-Pulaski county line, one mile west of the school. She rode to school in a car with her two younger brothers, Forrest and Chester Daily, who were in high school at Grass Creek at the time. The school term was eight months beginning in September 1924 and closing in April 1925. The day started at 8:45 a.m. and closed at 4:00 p.m. C.S.T. She received a salary of $125 which she felt was a good wage at that time. She was paid once a month. Lola had three years of experience with 36 weeks or one year of college training before coming to Liberty. She received her elementary education in Pulaski County in a one-room school called Sutton School and graduated from high school in April 1921 from Royal Center. During that summer, she went to Ball State at Muncie for 12 weeks training and began teaching that fall (1921) at a one-room school called Dye School, located in Van Buren Township, Pulaski County teaching three years at the same school. Her fourth and final year of teaching was at Liberty (1924-25). On June 6, 1925, she was married to Errett Earl Rouch; they had one son, Estel. Lola substituted six weeks for Alma Murphy in the fall of 1925, thus ending her teaching career.
A box social held during the winter was very well attended. She had a big dinner and an afternoon program the last day of school. Lola Daily Rouch, now Mrs. Vern Davenport, has in her possession the picture taken of the group which attended the last day of school: Glen Funk, Ivan Funk, Wilma Coleman, Dean Shafer, Herd Haselby, Robert Pherson, Grover Layer, Ed Gunter and Ralph Allen (the students).
Miss Daily's job wasn't a big chore as she only had nine students. Neva Funk was a visitor often; she was too young to go to school, but her mother felt she could get some good training as her brothers, Ivan and Glen, were attending.
LAST DAY
The day came in April 1925; the school bell was no longer to be heard. It was rung on the last day by the teacher, Miss Lola Daily. The trustee was William McLochlin, who served from 1923-1926. The doors had opened in January 1903, serving the community for 22 years. Consolidation and the school bus route encouraged the closing. Sadness was in the hearts of everyone; it was the community center and such a lovely building to be left standing as no one could get any good out of it.
On the last day there were nine students left. A big dinner and program was held in the afternoon, with parents and visitors bringing table boards and baskets full of food. The table boards were placed across the school desks to make a long table for the food. During the event, a group picture was taken with 34 in attendance. Lola Daily Rouch, now Mrs. Vern Davenport, still has this picture in her possession; she said she cannot identify all of them at the present time.
Students Ivan and Glen Funk, Wilma Coleman (the only girl attending, balance were boys), Carl Dean Shafer, Thomas Herd Haselby, Robert Pherson, Grover Layer, Ed Gunter and Ralph Allen. Parents and Visitors: Esther Coleman, Mamie Jones Shafer, Mollie Pherson, Goldie Allen, Mary Gunter, Lawrence (Mike) and Libby Funk with daughter Neva, Josephine Layer, Beulah Funk, Violet Daily (not Foutch), Blanche (Daily) Graffis, Alta (Ervin) Daily, Nancie Daily (Lola's mother), Mrs. C. C. Smith (Lola's maternal grandmother) Minnie Cunningham and daughter Juanita Cunningham, and eight others, but she can't recall their names.
Glen Funk, who was in the fourth grade remembers there were only five pupils part of the time during this school term. No one could remember if the Smith children (Ethel, Fred and Ida) were attending this term or if they moved the previous year; however, this was a very small group. Edward Gunter disliked school very much and didn't attend regularly. Ralph Allen didn't move to this community until March (1925) and was in the fifth grade. He can remember not being promoted, as on the day of final examination he was to read every page in his reader; the story at that time was about the Little Red Hen. He knew the story well, all by memory, but forgot to flip the pages as he went. He didn't know one word from the other and said if he had been smart enough to flip the pages as he was reading, he would probably have been promoted.

THE LAST DIPLOMA
Grover Layer, age 14, was the last student to graduate from this one-room school "Liberty District No. 6." He thought he went to Rochester to take his final examination and for graduation exercises.
Common School diploma issued Jan. 12, 1925, certifies that he has passed an accreditable examination in Orthography, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Georgraphy, English, Grammar, Physiology, U. S. History, Agriculture, Domestic Science and Music. He has sustained proficiency. Signed: Mr. McLochlin, trustee; Mr. Berry, Co. supt.; teacher, Lola Daily.
Grover is the son of Simon and Mary Benson Layer and was born in the year 1911. His father died when he was 6 years old. He moved to this community with his mother and stepfather, Ernest Gunter, in March 1923. He was in the sixth grade; the teacher placed him in the seventh grade (as there was no sixth grade) but he was retained in the seventh grade. He was the only student in the eighth grade (1924-25) at the closing term of this school.
SALE OF LIBERTY SCHOOL
Frank Douglas, trustee, who served 1915-1922 and again in 1927-1930 handled the legal steps of the sale of real estate and the building. Lawrence (better known as Mike) Funk urchased the land (3/4 acre). The following is an article I found at the courthouse Book 76 Page 575) stating:
[quitclaim deed, dated April 23, 1929, to Lawrence and Lizzie Funk, husband and wife, of Fulton County . . . in consideration of $52.00 . . . Entered for taxation, February 6, 1930. Hugh G. McMahan, auditor.]
I have done a lot of research to find out when the auction was held with no results. The building was purchased by Joe Haselby and my father, James M. Cunningham. They tore down this brick building with the slate roof, salvaging and dividing the material in two piles. After completion, they flipped a coin to see which individual would get a certain pile. Both parties wanted the school bell but Joe Haselby took it. It took many , many months to demolish this building and a lot of hard manual labor. No one can remember how much they paid for it; Dale Haselby thought around $400.
I thought the building was purchased before 1929 as my father, who only owned one acre at the time, (which was located at the former plot of the old Liberty School District No. 5, built during the Civil War and closed during Christmas vacation in 1902) bought additional land (20 acres) on the east adjoining this one acre on Nov. 26, 1926. We moved from Pulaski County in the following March, 1927, and had built two additional rooms on the house. I think the old barn built in 1915 was moved on skids to its present location in the spring of 1930, enlarging it to 20 x 42 ft. using lumber from the schoolhouse. This wouldn't give much time to tear the old building down if it was sold on the same date as the real estate (4/23/1929). My mother, my sister Lucille, and myself, during the time we weren't in school, had a daily chore of pounding nails from this lumber for a year or so, and beating the mortar off the bricks which were used to build the brick hen house, 18 x 30 feet. This is still standing. My father also built a porch on the east side of the house using the slate roof removed from the school building as roofing on the porch. I believe all construction was completed by 1934 or 1935, this construction progress being very slow as James was a carpenter (at that time receiving 30 cents an hour) working on his own between jobs and farming with a team of horses. This didn't leave much time at home for construction.
Joe Haselby's son, Dale, says he still has a wide board, 2" x 12" x 26' in his possession, a souvenir of many memories during those eight years he attended and graduated from Liberty District No. 6 in the spring of 1922. Thomas Herd Haselby attended his first five years before the school closed. Cloyne, the oldest son, only attended his seventh and eighth grades there, graduating in 1916, and decided not to further his education until in January 1924 when he started high school at Grass Creek. In the fall of 1924, Cloyne purchased an International truck and drove the first school bus in this community, replacing a horse-drawn hack, a route two miles west of Grass Creek, not picking up the children in the area of Liberty. It was very hard to understand why they had school this year (1924-1925) with such a small group, and a bus route available, unless Miss Daily already had a contract signed before Cloyne purchased the bus. He lived with his parents in the southwest corner of Wayne Township near the Cass, Fulton and Pulaski county line. He continued driving the bus morning and night and attending high school during the day. He completed his high school eduation in 3-1/2 years in 1927. In the fall of 1927 the school bus was driven by his father, Joe Haselby.
The Haselby children can remember many a hard day's work removing nails from the old lumber, beating the mortar from the bricks and helping their father build a milk house in 1931 using these bricks and putting a slate roof on it. This building is not standing at the present time.
James M. Cunningham, the son of Fayette and Nettie Cunningham, born Nov. 6, 1878, and died Jan. 23, 1938, had a lot in common regarding the Liberty schools. He graduated from common school at the old Liberty, then purchased it and made a home there. He bought half interest in the new brick building and with its material built other buildings from the lumber. His only son, Everett, attended all his years and graduated from common school at the new site. I am proud to say that I was born at this place and that my husband and I are the present owners of this historical site!
This may refresh memories.....
Names of parents of students who attended at the new location, Section 30, in the new brick building at Liberty District No. 6.
Parents or Guardian: Children:
Mr. and Mrs. H. B. Abbott Lillian Shaw
Alfred and Amanda Abbott Carole Nathan, Flora, John and Rilo E.
(better known as Riley)
Charles & Elizabeth (Smith) Allen John, William, Mary, Edward, Ernest,
Cora and Bertha
Mr. & Mrs. Isaac Allen Hiram and Andrew
John and Rosie Allen Charles
Mr. & Mrs. Albert Anderson George
Fred and Ella Brown Bertha and Walter
Fred and Ella Brown (guardian) Daniel Fletcher and Chester Burns
Isaac and Rhoda (Little) Burns James, Bertha, Minnie, Arthur
and Ernest
Mr. & Mrs. Bailey Campbell Harlen, Isaac, Harry, Nellie, Edward,
Eliza, Elsie and Eldon
Cata Cox Thurman and Atha Cox
Fayette and Nettie (Murray) Bert (He also attended Old Liberty, but
Cunningham graduated at new
building in 1906)
William Ola and Minnie (Cummings) Bertie and Juanita
Cunningham (both graduated
from Old Liberty)
James and Millie (Zeider) Cunningham a son, Everett (attended all school
(James graduated from Old years here and graduated
Liberty) from the new building.)
Charles and Myrtle Costello Eva
Mr. & Mrs. John Corbin Edwin and Harold
Mr. & Mrs. Riley Cummings Warren, Edward, Daniel and Dora
George and Anna Cummings Leroy (better known as Roy)
Mr. & Mrs. George Compton Lydia, Fieldon Leroy, Blanche and Ada
Mr. & Mrs. Charles Daily Ethel, Mae and Leo
U. S. Dean (guardian) Ethel Kramer
Mr. & Mrs. James Dewyer Pat and Joe
Mr. & Mrs. J. W. Emerson Ralph, Elizabeth and Charles
Mr. & Mrs. Alfred Elliot Richard
Mr. & Mrs. James Fall William Dole, Albert Guy, Grace
twins- Michael and Anna,
Hulda, Alphonso, Hattie,
Rosetta (better known as
Rosie), Irma May, Loama,
and Mary
Mr. & Mrs. John Fall Carl, Jennie, Norma and Cecil
Lawrence (Mike) and Lizzie (Batty) Funk Delmar, Willen, Andrew, Ivan and Glen
Mr. & Mrs. Park Gangweir Ethel and Elsworth
Joseph and Elsie (Herd) Haselby Cloyne, Dale (who attended all 8 years
and graduated) and Thomas
Herd
Hirman and Hester (Allen) Hiatt Edward, John Elijah and Harry
Mr. & Mrs. Grauel Loretta and Evelyn
Mr. & Mrs. John W. Hoover John, Mary and Nellie
Mr. & Mrs. Hunt Virgil
Solomon (Mack) and Laura (Uhl) Jones Charles, Zola, Emil, Ethel, Myrtle
and Fern
Elmer and Clara Ingram William, Hollis and Luther
William E. and Elizabeth (Uhl) Jones Mary, Hazel, Howard and Russell
Mr. & Mrs. Joseph Jones Claude, Herman and Flora
Orville and Zedda (Brown) Jones Landis
(Orville attended 7 years at
Liberty; part at old and the rest
at the new.)
Mr. & Mrs. Wm. Jones Joel and Gilbert
Mr. & Mrs. Albert Koons Raymond (better known as Ray)
Mr. & Mrs. Peter Kimes (guardian) Milo Hizer, Wesely Hizer, Chester
and Faye Burns
William and Daisy King George (better knon as Dewite)
Mr. & Mrs. James Long Ray
Clarence and Verda (Butts) Long Irene
Mr. & Mrs. Martin Miller Herbert
Julia Morphet Annie Lizzie
Walter and Alice (Esterbrook) Nickels Elsie, George, Phoebe, Daniel and Ruth

Joseph and Ella (Jones) Nickels W. Ira Nickels
Mr. & Mrs. William Osborn Pearl and Andrew (better known as
Andrew J. Moyer
Isaac and Mollie Pherson Helen, Jeremiah (better known as Jerry)
and Robert
Warren and Delia Pensinger Helen
Mary E. Reed Alonza
Mr. & Mrs. Isaac Recker William and John
Mrs. Ella Reser Creath and Nettie
Mr. & Mrs. Birdie Spencer Eugene, Rose, Irene, Orman and Walter
Mr. & Mrs. Andrew Scott Hiram and Garl
Mrs. Laura Sedam Lottie, Ruth and Claude
Mr. & Mrs. John Tautman Leslie, Jessie, Vernie and Clarence
Mr. & Mrs. Wm. Vernon Otis
Theodore and Mae (Tyrell) White James
Mrs. Joanie Young Chester (also known as Chester Herron)
Mr. & Mrs. Wm. Smith Hershel, Melvin, Mabel, Viginia and
Denzil
George and Rosa Shunk Crissie and Velta
John Parker Smith Ethel, Fred and Ida
Mr. & Mrs. Jesse Zimpleman Cathy, Oran, Juanita and Oscar
Mr. & Mrs. Rife Hazel
Edward and Goldie Allen Ralph
Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Gunter Edward Gunter and Grover Layer
Ernest and Esther (Clouse) Coleman Wilma
Mr. & Mrs. Packett Pearl
[FCHS Quarterly No. 52, pp 49-98]

LIBERTY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
LIBERTY TOWNSHIP ONE-ROOM SCHOOLS
By Bertha Waltz
The first schools in Liberty Township were unorganized. "School" was held in various log cabin homes and taught by anyone who could read, write, and cipher.
Oliver school, a log cabin structure, was the first school built in Liberty township. Perhaps the year was 1845. It was located at the same location as the later frame building, on the corner of the Old Michigan Road (Indiana 25) and what is known as the Mount Olive road, or 600 South. The earlier school stood on the southeast corner, and the later building was on the northeast corner.
During the next few years four more log cabin schools were erected. Possibly they were the Louderback (Lauterback) just north of the Cass-Fulton county line on the Old Michigan Road; Collins in the northeast corner of the township; Goss in the northwest; Reed in the southwest; or Kellar on the east or perhaps the one Judge Wright and George Davis built in Fulton.
The Olive Branch Church history states that services were held in Rush School in Wayne Township until Reed School was completed in 1851.
Fulton school was built in 1851, the same year the law went into effect making all Indiana schools free to the students. (All above information is from Kingman's Historical Atlas of Fulton County, 1883.)
Joe Hower's history of Kellar School says the "old brick building" had to be replaced in 1882 or 1883.
Liberty Township grade school enrollment in 1921-22 was 154 boys and 130 girls; Fulton high school, 20 boys and 36 girls. Grade school costs was $45 per capita; high school $121 per capita. (This is from Esarey and Barnhart's History of Fulton County, 1923)
Consolidation had started. There were four horse-drawn private vehicles, and one motor bus, driven by Paul Julian, to transport grade school children. High school students either furnished their own, or paid to ride. Lois Green Wagoner remembers that her father paid 50 cents a month for her to ride the "hack" pulled by mules. Fred King put a grain bed on his bobsled and covered it with canvas. Hot bricks and comforters were used to keep warm in winter.
Many but not all country school graduates went on to high school either at Fulton or Mt. Olive high schools.
Unverified is a story reportedly told by descendants that six Liberty township schools were built at a price of $600 each by the Kindig brothers, "Lan" Charles Vallandingham Kindig, "Duck" Doug Kindig, and John Kindig. Dates are not remembered, but the schools were supposed to be Kellars, Collins, Frear, Champ, Reed, and Perry, built in the 1880's. Kindigs later became well-known as builders of round barns, so many that Fulton County had more round barns than any other county in the world, hence the Round Barn Festival.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 21, pp 12-13]
Notice to Contractors. Sealed proposals for building a School House in Liberty Township. . . will be received by the Trustee of said township at his residence near Green Oak. . . Isom R. New, Trustee. P.O. Address, Green Oak, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 29, 1878]

Our young friends, Milo C. Chestnut and J. F. Ault are teaching in Liberty Township, and their schools are reported as model ones.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 21, 1878]

LINCOLN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL [Rochester, Indiana]
See Lincoln School, Rochester City.

LINCOLN SCHOOL [Lincoln (Macy), Allen Township, Miami, County]
Lincoln has a graded school, which opened last Monday. Clark Bailey and Miss Mattie Morris, teachers.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 5, 1875]

School is progressing finely. Joseph Ogle, principal, and Miss Viola Hokin, assistant.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 24, 1876]

Lincoln affords two public schools. Miss Aitken teaches the small scholars and Mr. Ogel the large ones. They are both good teachers.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 22, 1876]

The Lincoln school has been in progress two weeks. Prof. Woodring, Principal and Miss Carvey, Assistant are giving good satisfaction.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 2, 1878]

LINCOLN SCHOOL [ - - - - - ]
John Alaman commenced a protracted meeting, at the Lincoln School house, north-east of Akron, last Sunday night.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, March 26, 1875]

LINCOLN SCHOOL [Rochester, Indiana]
Located SW corner of Sixth and Pontiac streets.
Originally called North Central School.
Elementary grades on first floor and high school on the second.
When pupils finished the sixth grade they were transferred to Columbia for their seventh and eighth grade education.
When Rochester Joint High School was constructed across the street E, the Lincoln School was used entirely for the grade school.
Grade school moved to new Riddle School, and Lincoln building used as a Middle School.
Torn down.
Lot presently used as Arboretum of the Fulton County Public Library.
See Columbia School.
[photo] Rochester Central School, built 1887, was popularly known as Lincoln School. The high school was upstairs until the Rochester Joint High School (presently the site of Civic Center) was built across the street in 1912-13. After the new Riddle and Columbia elementary schools were built in 1957-59, Lincoln was used as a Junior High. It was torn down in 1966. It stood on the SW corner of 6th and Pontiac Streets, where the Fulton County Library Arboretum is now. (Photo: donated to FCHS by Jane Sisson Thompson)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 64-65, p. 114]

[photo] Central School (later called Lincoln) in Rochester, third grade room in 1907 [or 1905?]. Margaret Stacy is the teacher. The girl in plaid third from left in the back row is DeVerl's cousin, Frances McIntyre. Following identifications from Ruth Gibbons Patterson, sister of Louise: In front of Miss Stacy is Mildred Neerman. Row 2: sixth from left - Louise Gibbons, seventh - Mildred Leonard. Front row: fourth from left - Ed Delp, fifth - Alfred Robbins. (Photo given by McIntyre to FCHS)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 43, p. 10]

[photo] Central (Lincoln) School 1908 Thanksgiving program. First graders were deressed as Indians, second graders as Pilgrims. Children sitting on the pavement: Lola Shireman - 3rd from left, Carl Boelter - 4th from right, Annabelle Viers - 2nd from right. Children seated on lower step: unknown, unknown, Florence Leiter, next four unknown, Albert Leiter, Earl Chambers, Marie Ewing, Sara Terry, Alice Becker. Seated on second step: first four unknown, Margaret Newby, next two unknown Velma Manning, Alice Babcock, unknown. Seated on third step: 2. Edna Dague, 9. Opal Manning, rest unknown. Fourth step: 3. Ruth Gibbons, 4. Miriam Vawter, 9. Harry Onstott, 10. Lesta Gibbons. Top step: Alden Kumler, Norman Snyder, Katherine Leonard, Bernice Wines, three unknown, Earl Holeman, unknown. Standing at left: 1. Lawrence Babcock, 7. Brackett Shelton. Standing at right: all unknown. Behind them is Margaret Stockberger, the second grade teacher. The first grade teacher, Clara Burns, is not in the picture. (Photo: Ruth Gibbons Aylesworth Patterson) Ruth lists the Lincoln teachers 1909-10: grade 1, Clara Burns. 2, Mabel Rees. 3, Mary Stacy. 4, Flavilla Tracy. 5, Edna Sheets. 6, Blanche Disher. 7, Mr. Livingston. 8, Ruth DuBois, Clyde Henderson - principal, Claudia Stevenson, music and art)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 9]

[photo] Rochester's Central School class in 1909. This school was located on the southwest corner of 6th and Pontiac streets, and was later known as Lincoln School. First row 4th from left: Deverl McIntyre and 5th from left Edwin Perschbacher. Teacher - Augurn Baird. (Photo: I. D. MacIntyre)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 67, p. 145]

[photo] Lincoln Third and Fourth Grades in 1910, Mary Stacey, teacher. Row 1 (left to right): Carmen McIntyre, Lena Winger, Ware girl. Row 2: unknown, Sowers girl, unknown, unknown, Margaret Newby. Row 3: Miriam Vawter, Annabelle Viers, Dale Lichtenwalter. Standing: Sara Terry. Boys: Max Shipley, unknown, Omer King, seven unknowns, Avery Thompson, rest unknown. (Photo: Sara Terry Shirk)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 8]

[photo] Lincoln School being torn down in the fall of 1966. (Photo: Robert Burwell)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 11]

[photo] Lincoln 8th grade 1947. Front row: Phill Carr, Max Shultz, Bill O'Blennis, Larry "Butch" Goss, James Thomas. Row 2: Bob Rosenbury, Tony Newell, Peggy Lebo, Mary Jo Thompson, Janet Baldwin, Betty Stroud, Betty Howard, Lala Boswell. Row 3: Carol Jackson, Laurel Burnham, Carolyn Yike, Chaume Crabbs, Florence Onstott, Marguerite McMurray, Julia Coleman. Row 4: John Tippy, unknown, unknown, Jean Kofford, Janet Sue Miller, Sara Barts, unknown, Bill Zaring, Alton Ginther. (Photo: Butch Goss)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 3]

[photo] 1953 Lincoln-Columbia team. Steve Coplen - mascot. Row 1: John Blackburn - Columbia, Mark Zimmerman - Lincoln, Max Brown - C., Phil Daulton - C., Pat Livingston - C., Bob Curtis - C., Ernie Johnston - L. Row 2: Tim Ravencroft - L., Curt Burkhart - C., Bob Miller - L., Wayne Daniels - L., Barry Conrad - L., Phil Coplen - C., Al Baillieul - L. Row 3: Alex "Butch" Elin - C., Ronnie Thompson - L., Larry Michael - L., Bud Geiger - L., Joe Bayles - C., Ralph Kirkendall - C. (Photo Bill Willard)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 6]

[photo] Lincoln School in 1966 just before it was torn down. The date above the three windows at the left (south) is 1887. The plaque on the bell tower reads: Rochester Central School. (Photo: Robert Burwell)
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 36, p. 1 - cover]
__________

Mrs. Dr. Orr is teaching the Lincoln school, which already numbers eighty-five scholars. Mrs. Orr is an experienced teacher, having taught two terms at the Graded Schools in Peru and also at various other places.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 18, 1873]

The Rochester Public Schools. . . teachers. . . Prof. Williams, principal; High School, J. H. Cammack; Fifth grade, Miss Phebe Thompson; Fourth grade, Alice Barb; Third grade, Clara Sturgeon; Second grade, North Building, Lon Killen; Second grade, South Building, Maggie Miller; First grade, North Building, Ollie Davis; First grade, South Building, Linda Stradley. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, August 15, 1879]

LINCOLN SCHOOL BEFORE 1920
By Sara Terry Shirk
When I started Lincoln School in 1908, the first six grades met on the first floor; high school classes were on second floor; seventh and eighth grades went to Columbia School. When the new high school building opened in 1912 [NE corner 7th & Pontiac], Lincoln School accommodated seventh and eighth graders from the north side of town.
My teachers were Clara Burns - grade 1 - 1908-09; Margaret Stockberger - gr. 2 - 1909-10; Mary Stacy - gr. 3 - 1910-11; Flavilla Tracy - gr. 4 - 1911-12; Edna Sheets - gr. 5 - 1912-13; Blanche Disher - gr. 6 - 1913-14; Mr. Livingston - gr. 7 - 1914-15; Clyde Henderson - gr. 8 and principal - 1915-16.
We had excellent teachers at Lincoln. They ruled with an iron but compassionate hand and there were no discipline problems that I was aware of or can remember. Basics were drilled into us. Phonics was the secret of our reading ability; every syllable was sounded and spelled. I remember Clara Burns well - she looked cross but was so motherly, and we knew how to read before leaving her room. Margaret Stockberger drilled spelling, addition, and subtraction into us We were good in math before going into third grade. Mary Stacy was a born teacher - I had her again in high school when she taught government and no one in her classes failed because the teacher was unprepared. She knew twice as much as we could absorb.
Days at Lincoln School were full of happy living in a relaxed atmosphere. We had few school-related activities then. We made our own friendships and our own fun. It was a fine time to live, a fine time to grow individually. After high school pupils went across the street to their new building, we had seventh and eighth grades on second floor. The old assembly hall became ours for opening exercises and special occasions such as plays and musicals. We really felt grown up then.
Naturally the things I remeber most clearly at Lincoln School are things that happened to me, personally, like the day I told Miss Burns how much I liked her because she was cross but fair to everyone at the same time. In her grade I ate a cake of red paint from the paint box and became ill, and my parents hitched up our horse, Flora, and came after me in the surrey with the fringe on top. Miss Stockberger was really not cross but was a stickler for obedience. I remember she called me down for sitting with one foot under me in class. The second time was the last time for she made me sit that way the rest of the day and it was a painfully stiff walk home after school. Grade Three was tragic for me. We had had company for the noon meal at home and I had eaten several helpings of preserved cherries. Our cure for all ailments was quinine (since Grandfather Terry had used it successfully for the plague when he first came to Akron). So without telling anyone, I took a large bottle of quinine to school and took a pill every half hour in order to get well fast. I blacked out in the basement restroom and again had to be taken home in the buggy. This time I was out of school a month with a loss of hearing, loss of hair, and general fatigue. I learned the hard way that taking more medicine at a time wasn't the best way to get well fast. Fourth grade memories concentrate on one thing - the red-headed girl who had lice in her hair. She had to wash her hair every night in kerosene. No matter what the temperature was outside, we were forced to keep windows open all day. Fifth Grade allowed us independence from the "little Kids" because Grades One and Two had connecting doors between them, as did Three and Four. But Grade Five lived on an island all its own. It was aloof due to the stairway to second floor behind our cloakroom. The Sixth Grade taught by Blanche Disher was a joy because she had made a trip to Europe (a very big deal them) and had brought back hundreds of picture postcards for our learning pleasure. She had special days when she lined up 20 or more pictures in the chalk trough of the blackboard and from her enthusiastic picture talks we learned the ecstasy of seeing and knowing more than books could teach us. Miss Disher must have had some French in her because she talked very fast and used her hands in describing her foreign travels. She would have made an excellent tour guide. We even learned a few French phrases from her and years later I thought of her when I was taking French in College.
We had no gym classes in grade school, although our room teachers had us stand at our desks from time to time for calisthenics. After all, we enjoyed plenty of exerciese playing Tag or Red Rover in the school yard during recess, and we walked or ran the distance from home four times a day.Classes started at 8:00 a.m. and adjourned at 4:00 p.m.
Neither Lincoln nor Columbia School building was beautified with any kind of shrubbery. The School Board in those days spent money for EDUCATION - no frills considered. But we did have a half block for recess play and if anyone were hurt, Woodlawn Hospital with Dr. Shafer was right next door.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 36, pp 7-9]

TEACHING AT LINCOLN SCHOOL1926-28
By Avanelle Kurtz Cowen
Lincoln School where I taught the 2nd grade classes for 2-1/2 years was very enjoyable. The principal was George Riddle, the Supt. of Schools was A. L. Whitmer.
At Rochester I lived with Mrs. Harley (Nona) Fultz and her daughter Mildred, who had taught the previous year at Leiters Ford High School. Mildred taught at Rochester High School. Miss Ruth Blough who taught at Columbia School, lived there, too. So we had news from all three schools daily. Zulah Barkman and Margaret Carruthers taught at Lincoln or Culumbia schools.
Kathryn Perschbacher taught first grade next door to my room. We had music each morning together. She played the piano and I led the singing.
One morning when I was teaching there at Lincoln School, a school bus from Leiters Ford Elementary School was hit by a train enroute to school. Several of the injured were brought to Woodlawn Hospital which was right next door south of our building. The emergency door was not far from my south window. Some were injured quite badly; one boy Omer Murray died in the accident. It as a very bad accident and I was seeing former students carried into the hospital for treatment and care. Donnabell Brugh suffered injuries but became all right.
That June 2, Clifford Cowen and I were married and lived at Mishawaka, Ind.
We have two children, Richard Lee, born April 6, 1935, and Carolyn Sue, born Feb. 16, 1938. They are both married and we have seven grandchildren.
Clifford and I retired in 1966. . .
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 39]

LINCOLN SCHOOL
By Bill Schroer
Rochester has known four different high schools in four different locations. The first high school or school was located on the southeast corner of 6th and Pontiac. This building was built around 1880 and burned in 1886. In 1887 the new Rochester Central School was built. It was used as a grade school as well as a high school until 1912. In 1912 the high school building located at [NE corner] 7th and Pontiac was first used. Finally in 1965 the present high school building was dedicated at the southwest edge of Rochester on Park Road.
Rochester Central School - later known as Lincoln Grade School - was located on the southwest corner of 6th and Pontiac. Actually the building sat back away from the street in almost a center location in the north half of the block. At the time of its first use it was the only building in the half block. Whitmer Gym [SE corner 6th & Fulton] was added in 1922. It also was most likely one of the more westerly buildings in Rochester at the time.
Central School was used from 1887 to 1912 as a grade school and a high school. The first eight grades were located on the first floor and the high school on the second floor. There was also a full basement under the building - later used as several classrooms. After 1912 the building became known as Lincoln Grade School and the town had then two grade schools, Columbia and Lincoln.
Columbia and Lincoln developed quite a rivalry - in some instances a "Civil War" relationship. For many years each supported separate athletic teams - especially basketball. And if you attended Lincoln, as did the writer, you had a certain fear of the strangers across town. "Across Town" isn't really a true identifier. I believe if you lived on the west side of Main and north of 11th street you attended Lincoln. If you lived on the east side of Main street and north of 7th, you attended Lincoln. So the southerners and easterners attended Columbia. This separation of athletic teams lasted sometime into the late 1920's at least.
In 1957 with two new grade school buildings (Columbia and Riddle) housing grades 1-6, Lincoln became a Junior High for all 7th and 8th graders in Rochester and in Rochester Township. It remained a Junior High until 1965 when the high school building located at southwest corner of Rochester was first used. At this same time, 1965, the 7th and 8th graders were moved into the former high school building at 7th and Pontiac. The 6th graders were also moved into this building at that time, and the name changed to Rochester Middle School.
Many of the teachers at Lincoln spent many years there. Names that come to my mind - and yet this only represents a small span of the total years the building was in use - would be Narcissus Sowers in 4th grade; Bernice Eash in 5th grade; Otto Beehler and Frank Graham in 6th grade; Edna Sheets in 7th grade; the venerable George Riddle in 8th grade and principal. These mentioned spent 10-20 or more years at the same location and same grade. Other long-time teachers were Helen Barkman, 3rd grade; Odessa Greer, 1st grade; Edith Thomson, music. Teachers alone didn't make the building. Janitors, Alfred Neerman and Pete Campbell were around for years at Lincoln and then also at Whitmer Gym built in 1922. In more recent years before the building's abandonment, Bob Burwell was principal of the Lincoln Junior High. Fred Perschbacher, also put in much time in building as janitor.
In later years as more space was needed, the basement of Lincoln was converted into several classrooms. There was a sizeable art room created on the south side of the basement floor, also a 6th grade was located on the north side of the basement.
Lincoln with its large front playground served as an athletic field or recreational spot for many youths of the community. As the block became surrounded by a hospital and a gym, kspace became a factor for recess, etc.Seldom in later years was a blade of grass noted on the front lawn area.
Shortly after the students were transferred to a Junior High (the old high school) on 7th and Pontiac, the Central School or Lincoln School became a part of History. It was torn down in the fall of 1966.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 36, pp 10-11]

EARLY MEMORIES OF NORTH AND SOUTH SCHOOLS
Margaret Bailey (Mrs. Robert Shafer) attended North or Lincoln school 1899-1905. She recalls the following teachers: Miss Alwilda Edwards (later Mrs. Jud Dillon and still later Mrs. Henry Barnhart) - grade 1, 1899-1900; Miss Mary Stanton (later Mrs. Howard Shafer) - grade 2, 1900-01; Miss Bertha Baker - grade 3, 1901-02; Miss Mae Stinson - grade 4, 190203; Miss Jessie Crosby, grade 5, 1903-04; Mrs. Kerr - grade 6, 1904-05.
Margaret Shafer remembers that the sixth grade was on the second floor along with the high school at North School. The sixth grade was in the southeast corner room and the Superintendent's office was in the front center room upstairs.
A big bell was at the top of the building, which was rung by pulling a rope. When the bell rang, it meant pupils were to be in their seats. The bell was rung in the morning for school to begin, at recess to call the children in from play, and for fire drills. Columbia or South School had a big bell on top of the building too. The Columbia bell rang faster, possibly because of the way the bell was hung or maybe just the way the janitor rang it.
Billy Paulsen was the janitor at North School. In the basement there were two or three benches where the children who brought their lunches could eat by the coal furnace. Only the children who lived too far to walk home were allowed to carry their lunches; all others had to walk home to eat lunch.
The playground was located on the vacant lot where Whitmer gym was later built (in 1920) on the west side of the North School. There was no playground equipment. The children played running games, jumped rope, and played ball. They were not allowed to play or even to walk on the grass in the front (east) of the school. When school dismissed, the children marched out single file down the sidewalk and straight home; no running or playing because the teachers and principal watched and made sure they behaved.
Mrs. Kerr had her classes do exercises every day. She would open all the windows no matter how cold it was outside, and they would all stand by their desks and do calisthenics.
In those days they had no separate art or music teachers. The subjects taught were reading, writing, arithmetic, language, geography, and spelling. Spell downs or spelling bees were held between the A and B classes in each grade. There was no library, not even in the town yet. There were a few books in each class room and some in the office. There was a big dictionary on a stand.
Each class was divided into A for second semester and B for first semester. Pupils entered school midyear if their birthday was nearer Jan. 1, so the younger pupils were the B group and the older ones were the A group. Each room had really two classes even though they were all in the same grade. While group A was reciting, group B studied and vice versa.
Double promotions were sometimes given when the pupil was able to read on a higher level and got very good grades. This meant that a pupil could be promoted from grade 3A to 4A instead of a regular promotion from 3A to 4B. In the fourth grade Margaret Bailey (Shafer), Percy Smith, Lyon Terry and Mildred Pfeiffer (Martin) received double promotions. This was later called "Skipping a grade.."
Christmas programs consisted of children reciting and singing. The program was held in the afternoon and as many parents as could attended. There was no carry-in dinner for the last day of school in town. All the one-room country schools had a big carry-in dinner on the last day of school and a big program or recitations.k
Margaret Bailey Shafer attended Columbia or South school for her seventh and eighth grades in 1904-05 when Alice Stahl was the principal. Miss Stahl always wore a "Peggy from Paris" purse which hung on a chain that hooked on her belt. Hugh McMahan was South principal after Alice Stahl; then Roy Jones was principal.
Both Lincoln and Columbia had grades one through six, then all the Rochester children went to Columbia for seventh and eighth grades, while high school was held in the second floor of Lincoln until the joint high school on Seventh and Pontiac streets was built in 1912. It was called Rochester Joint High School because it was supported jointly by Rochester city and Rochester township. The new high school caused the demise of Rochester College because many Rochester township students were attending the college for their high school credit, and when the new high school took away all high school students, there weren't enough college students left to operate the college so it closed in 1912.
Mabel Rees, age 95 of Nashville, Indiana, attended North or Central School as they called it then, from 1899-1902, graduating with the Rochester high school class of 1902. She recalls the following teachers: Clara Burns 1, Nannie McGraw 2, Emily Treadwell (married George Fish) grade 2, Bell Metzger 3, Lizzie Stanton (later Mrs. Fred Sterner) 4, Giletta Ett 5, Florence Fulton 6, and Ernest Fry 7. At that time the seventh grade was in with the grades and the eighth grade was upstairs with the high school. Her high school teachers were H. G. Heinmiller, Delmar T. Powers, Annette Keely and Marcus Shaff. Powers was the principal.
One of her classmates, Mina Levi (Entsminger) wrote this poem: "We're the class of 1902. Nothing wrong we ever do. Up to our blue china we live (this was a favorite saying of Mr. Powers, the principal), Other classes good example we give, You needn't laugh, Just ask Mr. Shaff."
Rochester alumni banquets used to be held annually in the Knights of Pythias hall upstairs at the Arlington Hotel. The K of P hall was on the alley. One year the lady who ran the Central House on the corner of Main and Sixth wanted to serve the banquet so she carried everything over and of course, the plates were no longer hot.
Mabel Rees recalls the basement of Central School had the laboratory for physics class on the north side, along with a drinking trough. Mr. Paulson, the janitor, would pump water into the trough and children would dip tin cups into the water to get a drink. They kept the tin cups hanging in a row and different people used the same cups. Each person was supposed to pour his left-over water in the tray provided, but new-comers would sometimes pour their water back into the trough and had to be told by the older children not to do that. "Not very sanitary, but we didn't die," stated Miss Rees.
There were six or eight toilets for girls on the east side of the basement and the same number for boys on the west side. These were dry toilets just like outdoor toilets as this was before the days of running water. Mr. Paulson raked the manure out once a week on Saturday and burned it. It made a terribe stink. Paulson wore a sponge over his nose and mouth while doing this nasty job.
Mabel recalls disliking her third grade teacher, Belle Metzger, because she made Mabel stand up for an hour when she tried to borrow an eraser from a friend. Mabel became a schoolteacher after graduation from Rochester High School in 1902. She taught at Antioch one-room school southwest of Rochester 1902-03, McKinley consolidated school northeast of Rochester 1905-07 grades 1 and 2. She taught second grade at South or Columbia School 1907- ? and second grade at Central or Lincoln School 19?-1920. Then she moved to South Bend and taught first grade there for 30 years, first at Laurel School on the corner of Laurel and Thomas streets, then two years at Oliver School, and last at Lincoln School. She retired and moved to Nashville in 1953.
Additional teachers at Columbia or South School 1909-10 grade 1 - Ada Leonard; 1911-16 grade 1 - Frances Elliott Hendrickson (Mrs. Hugh McMahan); 1913 grade 1 - Retha Pratt and Frances Elliott (two rooms of first graders); 1909-10 grade 2 - Margaret Stockberger; 1911-13 grade 2 - Ada Southard Sherbondy; 1913-14 grade 3 - Oneida Williams; 1911-12 grade 4 - Ruth Tracy; 1913-14 grade 4 - Anna Myers McVay; 1914-15 grade 5, Clara Pierce and grade 6 - Miss Foglesong.
Sometime before 1915 Miss McLaughlin taught grade 2 and Miss Hockett taught grade 3. Flavilla Tracy taught art. Miss Thomas was county nurse; she gave health talks and weighed the children, tested sight and hearing. Blanche Disher (Mrs. Milo King) taught grade 3 in 1910-11, Garnet Snowberger - grade 5. During 1915-16 when Faye Hoover taught grade 6, Harry Champ taught grade 7 and Merle Knapp grade 8, they rotated, these teachers going to different rooms and teaching certain subjects. Knapp taught math, Champ taught history, and Miss Hoover taught English. The next year Jessie McMahan taught history.
Mrs. Alvin (Cloe Ewing) Johnson recalls the following teachers at Lincoln School in 1919-20: Ethel Leiter - grade 1, Mabel Rees - grade 2, Verda Felder and Maude Davidson - grade 3 or 4 or 5 (doesn't remember which one taught which grade), Edna Sheets - grade 7, and Clyde Henderson - grade 8 and principal. At that time ghrades 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 were on the lower floor. Grades 3, 4 and 5 were upstairs so that's why Cloe doesn't remember those teachers.
The superintendent's office has records only back to 1920 for Lincoln and 1915 for Columbia.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 35, pp 5-9]

LINCOLN vs. COLUMBIA in RBF
The 1947 and 1853 teams from Lincoln and old Columbia schools will compete in the Round Barn Festival historical basketball game this year. The game will be held in the old Whitmer Gym, lnow the Family Y, at r p.m. July 15.
As many original players from the 1947 and 1953 teams as possible will be here for the basketball game. Substitute players must have attended Lincoln or old Columbia. Clyde Lyle was the coach; he lives in West Lafayette and it is hoped that he will be able to attend. Bill Schroer helped coach the 1947 team and will be helping out.
Members of the Columbia 1947 eighth grade were Omer Kindig, Bill Willard, Ed and Lavon Crissinger, Joe Brubaker, Jim Denton, Jim Heyde, Phil Carr, Dick Markley, Richard Spohn, Don Cantwell, Ramon Ascencio, Wade Tucker, Gerald Bowers, Edwin Hess, Bob Mitchell, and Wendell "Bux" Sanders. No picture has been located of the basketball team so the list is incomplete.
Members of the Lincoln 1947 eighth grade were Tony Newell, Bill O'Blenis, Larry Goss, Bob Rosenbury, Bill Zasring, Max Shultz, John Tippy, Ralph Tyler and Bob Thomas. This list too is incomplete for lack of a photo.
The 1953 basketball team consisted of the following boys from Lincoln: Mark Zimmerman, Ernie Johnston, Tim Ravencroft, Bob Miller, Wayne Daniels, Barry Conrad, Al Baillieul, Larry Michael, Bud Geiger, and Ron Thompson. Team members from Columbia were John Blackburn, Max Brown, Phil Daulton, Pat Livingston, Bob Curtis, Curt Burkhart, Phil Coplen, Butch Elin, Joe Bayles, and Ralph Kirkendall.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 35, pp 10-11]

TEACHERS
1898-99: Clara Burns, 1.*
1899-00: Mary Stanton (Shafer), 2.*
1900-01: Bertha Baker, 3.*
1901-02: Mae Stinson, 4.*
1902-03: Miss Jessie Crosby (one semester), 5.*
Miss Frankie Jennings (one semester), 5*
1903-04: Miss (-----) Kerr., 6.*
[furnished by Hugh A. Barnhart to Shirley Willard, 1-25-77]
1897-98: Trude Doweny.
1907-08: Lucille Helm, Hist; Rezin Reagan, Chem.; Evangsine Bankson, Music, Art; Marjorie Williams, Latin.; Miss Reef Snider, Eng.; Miss Krewson, Math.
1908-09: Lucille Helm, Hist.; Rezin Reagan, Chem.; Claudia Stevenson, Mus., Art; Marjorie Williams, Latin; Miss Reef Snider, Eng.; Grace Magaw, Math -- Clara Burns, 1.
1909-10: Marjorie Williams, Latin; Rezin Reagan, Chem.; Claudia Stevenson, Mu., Art; Lillian Helm, Hist.; Lillian Barpert, Eng. -- Clara Burns, 1; Margaret Stockberger, 2; Mabel Rees, 2; Mary Stacy, 3; Flavilla Tracy, 4; Edna Sheets, 5, Blanche Disher, 6; Mr. Livingston, 7; Ruth DuBois, 8. Clyde Henderson, Prin.
1910-11: Prin., Raymond C Johnson, Sci.; Marjorie Williams, Latin; Lucille Helm, German; Grace Magaw, Math.; Mable Gregory, History; Lillian Barpert, Eng., Claudia Stevenson, Music, Art; U. S. History, Mr. A. L. Whitmer. --Mary Stacy, 3.
1911-12: Nora Lockridge, Latin; Claudia Stevenson, Mus., Art; R. C. Johnson, Math., Sci.; Lillian Barpert, Eng.; Miss O. E. Richards, Hist.; Hazel McDowell, Botany, Math. -- Flavilla Tracy, 4.
1912-13: Oron Richards, Debating History; Hazel McDowell, Botany; R. C. Johnson, Science; Claudia Stevenson, Music, Art; Irene McMahan, Eng.; Grace Lloyd, Math.; Lillian Barpert, Eng.; Miss Abbie Henry, German. -- Edna Sheets, 5.
1913-14: Blanche Disher, 6.
1914-15: Mr. Livingston, 7.
1915-16: Clyde Henderson, Prin., 8.
1918-19: Clyde Henderson, Prin.
1920-21: Mildred Leonard; Vera Felder; Velma Carruthers, Marie Ewing; Gladys Hoesel; Neva Cutshall; Edna Sheets; Charles Butler; Ruth Dubois.
1921-22: Reva Perry; Fern Wilhoit; Mildred Leonard; Vera Felder; Marie Ewing; Velma Carruthers; Neva Cutshall; C. Dale Crabbs; Edna Sheets; Clyde Henderson.
1922-23: Reva Perry 1; Mildred Leonard, 2; Herma Wolfe, 3; Marie Ewing, 4; C. Dale Crabbs, 5; Cecil Kelley, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Ruth Dubois, 8.
1923-24: Reva Perry, 1; Mildred Leonard, 2; Herma Wolfe, 3; Mary Krom, 4; Mildred Calloway, 5; Cecil Kelley, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8; C. Dale Crabbs (overflow, 5).
1924-49: George Riddle, Arith, Home Room, Prin.
1924-25: Reva Perry 1; M. Leonard, 2; H. Wolfe, 3; M. Krom, 4; C. D. Crabbs, 5; C. Kelley, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; G. Riddle, 8.
1925-26: Lepha Musselman, 1; Avanelle Kurtz, 2; Martha Anspaugh, 4; C. D. Crabbs, 5; Lucille Rhinehart, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1926-27: Katherine Perschbacher, 1; Avanelle Kurtz, 2; Zulah Barkman, 3; Martha Anspaugh, 4; Audrey Sefrit, 5; Lucille Rhinehart, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1927-28: Bernice Stonall, Kdg.; Kathryn Perschbacher, 1; Avenelle Kurtz, 2; Zulah Barkman, 3; Martha Anspaugh, 4; Yetta Entsminger, 5; Madge Lindley, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1928-29: Hilda Kochenderfer, Kdg.; Kathryn Perschbacher, 1; Naomi Cook, 2; Frances Helt, 2; Zulah Barkman, 3; Mabel Kelley, 4; Yetta Entsminger, 4; K. V. Jones, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; George Riddle, 8.
1929-30: Enrol. (1-8) 281. Prin. George Riddle. Edna Sheets, 7; Lon Monbeck, 6; Yetta Entsminger, 5; Mable Kelley, 4; Sylvia Stukey, 3; Helen Robinson, 2; Naomi Cook, 1; Hilda Kochenderfer, Kindergarten, Enrol. 55.
1930-31: (Cont. Com. 1-8) 275. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Lon Monbeck, 6; Frank Graham, 5; Mable Kelley, 4; Bernice Eash, 3; Helen Robinson, 2; Frances Helt, 1; Hilda Kochenderfer, Kindergarten, 47.
1931-32: (Cont. Com. (1-8) 304. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Lon Monbeck, 6; Frank Graham, 5; Mable Kelley, 4; Narcissus Sowers, 3; Helen Robinson, 2; Frances Helt, 1; Hilda Kochenderfer Kindergarten, 44.
1932-33: Cont. Com. 1-8, 293. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Lon Monbeck, 6; Frank Graham, 5; Mable Kelley, 4; Narcissus Sowers, 3; Helen Robinson, 2; Frances Helt, 1; Louise Holman, Kdg.
1933-34: Cont. Com. 1-8, 293. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Lon Monbeck, 6; Frank Graham, 5; Mable Kelley, 4; Narcissus Sowers, 3; Frances Helt, 2; Helen Robinson, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1934-35: Cont. Com. 1-8. 293. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Frank Graham, 6; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Mary Launer, 3; Frances Helt, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1935-36: Cont. Com. 1-8, 293. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Frank Graham, 6; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Evadean Halterman, 3; Frances Helt, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1936-37: Cont. Com. 1-8. 293. Prin. George Riddle; Edna Sheets, 7; Frank Graham 6; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Evadean Halterman, 3; Frances Helt, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1937-38: Cont. Com. 1-8. 300 Prin. George Riddle, Math., 8; Edna Sheets, Eng., 7; Frank Graham, Soc. St., 6; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Evadean Halterman, 3; Frances Mae Helt, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1938-39: Cont. Com. 1-8. 279. Prin. George Riddle, Math., 8; Edna Sheets, Eng., 7; Frank Graham, Soc. St., 6; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Frances Mae Helt, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1939-40: Cont. Com. 1-8. Prin. George Riddle, 8, Math.; Edna Sheets, 7, Eng.; Frank Graham, 6 Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Louise Auch, 2; Louise Holman, 1.
1940-41: Cont. Com. 1-8. 288. Prin. George Riddle, 8, Math.; Edna Sheets, 7, Eng.; Otto Beehler, 6, soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Louise Auch, 2; Odessa Greer, 1.
1941-42: Cont. Com., 1-8, 285. Prin. George Riddle, 8, Math.; Edna Sheets, 7, Eng.; Otto Beehler, 6, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Louise Auch, 2; Odessa Greer, 1.
1942-43: Cont. Com., 1-8, 310, Prin. George Riddle, 8, Math.; Edna Sheets, 7, Eng.; Otto Beehler, 6, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Ida Kathrine Moore, 2; Odessa Greer, 1; Louise Auch, Kdg.
1943-44: Kathlyn Cook, Kdg.; Odessa Greer, 1; Louise Means, 2; Helen Barkman, 3; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Bernice Eash, 5; Bette Hippensteel, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1944-45: Cont. Com. 1-8, 272. Prin. George Riddle, Math.; Edna Sheets, Eng.; Bette Hippensteel, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Helen Barkman, 3; Esther J. Means, 2; Helen Sonafrank, 1.
1945-46: Odessa Greer, Kdg.; Vada Reffett, Spec. Prim.; Helen Sonafrank, 1; Esther Means, 2; Helen Barkman, 3; Narcissus Sowers 4; Bernice Eash, 5; Bette Hippensteel, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1946-47: Cont. Com. 1-8. Prin. George Riddle, Math.; Edna Sheets, Eng.; Marion Graves, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, r; Helen Barkman, 3; Esther J. Means, 2; Odessa Greer, 1.
1947-48: Vera Purdue, Kdg.; Vada Reffett, Sp. Prim.; Odessa Greer, 1; Esther Means, 2; Helen Barkman, 3; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Bernice Eash, 5; Marjean Graves, 6; Edna Sheets, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8.
1948-49: Cont. Com. 1-8, 327. (Kdg.) 56 Prin. George Riddle, Math.; Edna Sheets, Eng.; Robert Burwell, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5, Narcissus Sowers, 4, Elsie Whybark, 3; Esther J. Means, 2; Wilma Monroe, 1; Odessa Greer, 1. -- Special Teachers: Mable Bevington, Art.; Wendell Frederick, B.; Vera Purdue, Kdg; Edith Thomson, Mu.
1949-50: Cont. Com. 1-8. (1-8) 339 (K) 69. Prin. George Riddle; A. V. Purdue, Math.; Edna Sheets, 7, Eng.; Robert Burwell, 6, Soc. St.; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers 4; Elsie Whybark, 3; Mabel Gaumer, 2; Esther J. Means, 2; Odessa Greer, 1; Wilma Monroe, 1; Vera Purdue, Kdg.
1950-51: Cont. Com. K-8. Enrol. (1-6) 271, (7-8) 76, (Kdg.) 64. Prin. George Riddle; Robert Burwell, 6-8; Fred Leasure, 6-8; John Pruden, 6-8; Bernice Eash, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Ruth Hudson, 3; Joyce Jefferson, 3; Mabel Gaumer, 2; Esther J. Means, 2; Odessa Greer, 1; Wilma Monroe, 1; Mary Savage, Kdg.
1951-52: Cont. 1-8. Enrol (Kdg.) 40, (1-6) 234, (7-8) 70. Prin. George Riddle, Math.; Lloyd H. Adley, 6-8; Fred Leasure, 6-8; Robert Burwell, 6-8; Nadine Shriver, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Bernice Eash, 3; Mary Louise Goodner, 3; Mable Gaumer, 2; Esther Jane Means, 2; Odessa Greer, 1; Mary Bowen, 1. Helen Castor, Kdg.
1952-53: Helen Castor, Kdg.; Mary Bowen, 1; Odessa Greer, 1; Esther Means, 2; Mabel Gaumer, 2; Bernice Eash, 3; Mary Goodner, 3; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Nadine Sriver, 5; Robt. Burwell, 6; Fred Leasure, 7; Geo. Riddle, 8; Lloyd Adley, Math.
1953-54: Cont. K-8. Enrol. (Kdg.) 54, (1-6) 283, (7-8) 73. Prin. George Riddle, Math., 8; Sidney Parks, 6-8; Fred Leasure, 6-8; Robert Burwell, 6-8; Nadine Sriver, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4; Mary Louise Goodner, 3; Bernice Eash, 3; Esther Jane Means, 2; Odessa Greer, 2; Alice Cunningham, 1; Mary Bowen,1.
1954-55: Geo. Riddle Prin., 7; Phyllis Neff, Kdg.; Mary Bowen, 1; Patricia Schultz, 1; Odessa Greer, 2; Esther Jane Means, 2; Bernice Eash, 3; Mary Goodner, 3; Narcissus Sowers, 4-5; Mabel Gaumer, 4; Nadine Sriver, 5; Robert Burwell, 6; Irene Paltz; Robt. McGinn, Relief Teacher; Edith Thomson, Music.
1955-56: Cont. Com. Kdg-8. Enrl (Kdg.) 23, (1-6) 311, (7) 44. Prn. George Riddle; Irene Paltz, Eng.; Edith Thomson, Mu.; Robert Burwell, 6, Hist; Nadine Sriver, 5; Narcissus Sowers, 4-5; Mable Gaumer, 4; Mary Louise Goodner, 4; Bernice Eash, 3; Odessa Greer, 2; Esther Jane Means, 2; Mary Bowen, 1; Patricia Schultz, 1; Sandra Dillman, Kdg.
[The Lincoln Elementary School was changed to the Lincoln Junior High School in 1957. It was located SW corner 6th & Pontiac. The school was closed in 1966 and torn down that fall.]
1957-58: Cont. Com. 7-8. Enrol (7-8) 188. Mentally handicapped class 13. Prin. Robert Burwell; Deverl Becker, Math.; Andrea Bowen, Eng., Lit.; John Crabbs, Geog., Hist.; Lucile Wicoff, Sci.; Henry Buchholz, H.; Mary Ginn, Mu.; Clifford Kiehn, Lit.; Marion Rieger, Girls P.E.; Audrey Myers, Art; Naomi Appleman, Mentally Handicapped.
1958-59: Robt. Burwell, Prin.; Naomi Appleman, Mentally Handicapped; DeVerl Becker, Math.; Joanne Bendall, Eng.; Norma Decius, Sci., Math; Florence Kellogg, Eng.; John Vernon, Health, Geo.; Lucille Wicoff, Sc.; Mary Ginn, Music; Audrey Myers, Art; Marion Reiger, Girls Phy. Ed.; John Crabbs, Social St.
1959-60: Enrol. (7-8) 278, Other 11 Prin. Robert Burwell; Secy. Virginia Smith; DeVerl Becker, Math.; Joanne Bendall, Eng.; John Crabbs, Soc. St.; Dale Eizinger, Sci.; Mary Ginn, Mu.; Betty Gray, Sci.; Florence Kellogg, Eng.; Marvin Overmyer, Soc. St.; John Vernon, Soc. St.; Lucile Wicoff, Sci.
1960-61: Robt. Burwell, Prin.; Virginia Smith, Secy.; Dale Eizinger, Sc., Health; Carol Griffith, Eng., Lit.; DeVerl Becker, Math.; John Crabbs, Hist., P.E.; Betty Gray, Math.; Marvin Overmyer, Geog., Shop; Agnes Schael, Eng., Library; John Vernon, Geog., Health, P.E.; Suzanne Belcher, Speech, Hrg.; Jonell Folsom, Art; Mary Ginn, Music; Kay Harvey, Phys. Ed.; Douglas Sweany, Custodian.
1961-62: Enrol. 313. Prin. Robert Burwell; Virginia Smith, Secy.; DeVerl Becker, Math., John Crabbs, Soc. St.; Dale A. Eizinger, Sci.; Ruth Ellison, Eng.; Betty Gray, Math.; Marvin Overmyer, Shop, Soc. St.; Agnes Schael, Eng.; John Vernon, Geo., H., P.E.
1962-63: Robert Burwell, Prin.; Virginia Smith Secy.; DeVerl Becker, Math.; John Crabbs, Soc. St., P.E.; Marguerite Coplen, Lg. Art; Dale Eizinger, Sc., Health; Ruth Ellison, Lg. Arts; Betty Gray, Math.; Leonard McIntyre, Soc. St.; Agnes Schael, Lang., Arts; John Vernon, Health, Orient., P.E.; Marcella Boswell, Speech, Hrg.; Mary Ginn, Music; Kay Horn, Phys. Ed.; Adrian Witkowski, Art; Douglas Sweany, Custodian.
1963-64: First Class, 7-8. Enrol. (7-8) 312. Prin. Robert Burwell; Virginia Smith, Secretary; DeVerl Becker, Math.; John Crabbs, Hist., Eng.; Marguerite Coplen, Eng.; Jonathan Decker, Geo.; Dale Eizinger, Sci., First Aid; Ruth Ellison, Lit.; Elizabeth Gray, Math.; Leonard McIntire, Geo., Boys P.E.; Agnes Schael, Eng.; John Vernon, H.
1964-65: Robt. Burwell, Prin.; Virginia Smith, Secy.; DeVerl Becker, Math.; John Crabbs, Soc. St., Eng.; Marguerite Coplen Eng.; Jonathon Decker, Soc. St.; Dale Eizinger, Science; Ruth Ellison, Lit; Mary Elizabeth Gray, Math.; Leonard McIntyre, Soc. St., P.E.; Agnes Schael, Eng.; John Vernon, Health; Marcella Boswell; Speech, Hearing; Mary Ginn, Choral Music; Gene Burns, Band; Kay Horn, Phys Ed; Adrien Witkowski, Art, 7-12; Douglas Sweany, Custodian.
1965-66: Enrol. (7-8) 321,(Spec. Ed.) 12; Robert Burwell, Prin.; Virginia Smith, Secy.; DeVerl Becker, Math.; Frances Bright, Prac. Arts; Thomas Brovont, Prac. A. & Crafts; Marguerite Copllen, Lang., Arts; John Crabbs, Science; Dale Eizinger, Sci. & Ag.; Ruth Ellison, Lang. Arts; Elizabeth Gray, Mary; Milton Kistler, Soc. St.; Leonard McIntire, Soc. St.; Marvin Overmyer, Soc. St., Guid.; Agnes Schael, Lang. Arts; John Vernon,Sci., P.E.
This was the year the old Lincoln Jr. High was abandoned and the students moved into former Senior High building NE corner 7th & Pontiac. The old Lincoln building, located NW across the street from the Senior High was torn down.
1966-67: This was the year the 6th grade was moved into the Junior High building to avoid over-crowding in the elementary schools. Thus the Junior High became Rochester Middle School.
[F.C.H.S. files; also see F.C.H.S. Quarterly No. 36.]
__________

Of course, there were the one-room schools in the rural districts, but Rochester was something important even in the Gay Nineties and boasted the brick Central (Lincoln) school which accommodated grades from one to eight and the top floor "high school," adjoining the office of Superintendent James F. Scull, the grand old man of his hour.
This period of "lickin' an' larnin'" was long before the early days of the first three wheel buzz wagons (cars), before the days of big gymnasiums and long previous to school bands, school cafeterias and free bus rides to the seat of education. The few persons today who can remember James Scull will recall his concern, kindness and solicitude for the youngster who attended school wearing shoes which exposed his feet to water ice and snow. By some means Professor Scull always managed to see that the lad had new shoes in a day or two after the condition was recognized. Then again most youngsters took a lunch to school if they lived quite some distance. For those who had but a piece or two of dry bread on which to feast the Schoolmaster usually could produce from his desk some aid for the unfortunate student. As long as I live, never can I forget the kind white-haired old gentleman to whom every student was his son or daughter.
First grade in the Central building was taught by Alwilda Edwards, and a string of beads was atop every desk to aid the first-grader in learning to count. Years later she married Jud Dillon who until his death was engaged in the insurance business. Then at the time of her death the one-time school teacher was Mrs. Henry Barnhart. Alwilda Edwards may or may not have been a top-flight first-grade teacher by today's standards, but at the time of her teaching career every kid in school loved her and from her learned his three R's.

Other schoolmarms who come to mind as having been associated with Rochester's early history of "larning" include "Nanny" McGraw, Florence DeMont, Clara Burns, Bertha Baker, Mag Keely and a host of others whose identity for the moment escapes me. God rest their souls.
Professor D. T. Powers replaced James F. Scull when the latter retired. Powers was a dedicated instructor but could not always command the same loyalty as his predecessor and on one instance was called into court for punishing a local boy. Mr. Powers oft reminded folks of the fabled character Ichabod Crane. He was tall and gaunt with a shock of dark hair inclined to hang down a bit over his forehead. However, he too was a very capable instructor. Superintendent Powers married Nettie Keely, a high school instructor of considerable determination, for when she said "jump," the whole class obeyed.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 30, 1959]

Teachers: Otto Beehler taught at South Germany School before 1922, was principal at Whippoorwill, then principal at Tiosa 1928 while his wife Bessie taught fourth and fifth grades at Tiosa. Then Otto taught seventh grade at Columbia School in Rochester 1928-40 and grade six at Lincoln School in Rochester 1928-40 and grade six at Lincoln School 1940-43. [Mary Rosella Beehler Reinhold, William Amel Sausaman, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard.] Marvin Overmyer, 1959-67, Rochester High School 1967-70, and Rochester Middle School 1970 to the present; Flavilla Tracy, 4th grade

LITTLE EGYPT SCHOOL [#15] [Rochester Township]
Located N side of 225N at 400E.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
Also called Liberty School.
__________

McKINLEY COMMUNITY ONE-ROOM SCHOOLS
Pucky Huddle, White Walnut, Black Walnut, Little Egypt
By Shirley Willard
Before McKinley School was built in 1901, there were four one-room schools serving the community northeast of Rochester.
Liberty or Little Egypt, District No. 10 or 16 (writing not plain) in 1883 atlas, was located on the north side of 200N, eat of the corner of 450E. Nothing is recalled about this school so it must have been closed long ago, before 1900. It appears in the 1876 atlas.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 73-75]

LOG BETHEL SCHOOL [Henry Township]
See Bethel School

LONG SCHOOL [Wayne Township]

LOUDERBACK SCHOOL [#4] [Liberty Township]
Located E side SR-25 about 3/4 mile N of Cass County Line.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Louderback school 1901-02. Front row: Grace McDougle, Arthur Conn, Howard Conn, Ora Austin, Edna Fred, Iva Buckingham, Goldie Moon, Roy Myers, Russell Myers. Middle row: Fern Day Marie Studebaker Olive Austin, Claude Fred, Frank McDougle, Albert Conn, Nickels boy, Cleo Mogle. Back row: Jay Waltz Cleo Day, Ada Buckingham, Bessie McDougle, Gertrude Reed - teacher, Addie McDougle, Hazel Studebaker, unknown, Ethel Buckingham. (Photo: Cleo Mogle Eash)

LOUDERBACK SCHOOL
By Bertha Waltz
The Louderback School was probably one of those built in 1851. It was located approximately three-fourths of a mile north of the Cass-Fulton county line on the east side of the old Michigan Road (Ind. 25). No doubt it was named for Andrew Lauterback also spelled Launderback and Louderback) who settled on the Fulton County side of the county line road just west of the Michigan Road in 1834. Some of the foundation stones are still visible in front of and just a bit north of the house on the William Kietzman farm (second house north of Caston School on same side of road).
The known families whose children received an education in this old building were Louderback, Austin, Fred, Buckingham, McDougle, Conn, Myers, Studebaker, and Nickels. There were many others whose names are unavailable at this late date. It was surprising to see I. J. (Jay) Waltz pictured as a student at Louderback, since his family lived in another district. He was a bigger boy and could walk farther, so perhaps over-crowding was the reason.
Cleo Mogle Eash started to school at Louderback in 1901; Lydia Reed Rans Easterday in 1902. Gertrude Reed taught both years. Other teachers can't be recalled.
When Louderback school was last used for education we do not know, probably around 1903. Children walked to Fulton to school. For some years it was used as a hog shelter. When William and Mabel Kietzman bought the farm in the 1940's, it was moved to the area of the farm buildings and made into a corn crib.
Roy Masterson, who lives a little south and across the road from the school site has the school bell which summoned students from their play. His daughter, Betty Zimpleman of Kokomo, intends to keep it in the family.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 22, pp 7-8]
__________

The Louderback School has again resumed, after an adjournment of four weeks on account of measles.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, February 27, 1873]

Preaching at Louderback School House Sabbath evening, by Rev. E. J. Delp.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, June 12, 1873]

Our week day school is being taught by Miss Elliott, from near Fletcher's Lake. . .
[NOTE: This compiler believes that Georgetown was located near Louderback School. -- WCT]
[Georgetown News, Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, July 10, 1873]

The schools in this township are all supplied with teachers. . . . Mr. Osman at the Louderback school house . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 18, 1878]

The same difficulty prevails at No. 4 that we have mentioned in the schools above [inadequate facilities], only a great deal more so. This, however, does not prevent Mr. B. F. Ausman from exercising entire control of the school. . . He is one of our best teachers. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 27, 1877]

MACY SCHOOL [Lincoln (Macy), Allen Township, Miami, County]
Mildred Lamb, of Buchanan, Michigan, writes: "In the last quarterly was a picture of Floyd Neff who was my teacher when I was in the first grade in Macy. I only remember Goldie Smoker, Walter Bemenderfer, and Arthur Netcher (not sure of spelling). He was the oldest and toughest and we were afraid of him. But Floyd used to make the smaller children cups and saucers from acorns. He also helped us thaw out our hands after skating on ice (without the help of ice skates - just our shoes). We fell down so much and our hands were so cold they hurt by the time the bell rang to tell us recess was over. I am sure he was the most outstanding teacher I ever had, for I've never forgotten the way he made school so pleasant as he taught all grades in that one-room schoolhouse. Our noon lunches were a real picnic every day with his way of joining us and entertaining us during the noon time."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 18, p. 33]
__________

Lincoln has a graded school, which opened last Monday. Clark Bailey and Miss Mattie Morris, teachers.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 5, 1875]

School is progressing finely. Joseph Ogle, principal, and Miss Viola Hokin, assistant.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 24, 1876]

Lincoln affords two public schools. Miss Aitken teaches the small scholars and Mr. Ogel the large ones. They are both good teachers.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 22, 1876]

The Lincoln school has been in progress two weeks. Prof. Woodring, Principal and Miss Carvey, Assistant are giving good satisfaction.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 2, 1878]

EXERCISES AT MACY SCHOOL
There was a large attendance at the commencement exercises held at Macy Thursday night. The class address was delivered by Rev. T. H. Kuhn, and he used as his subject, "Education, Its Purpose, Scope and Power." There were thirteen graduates, and the presentation of diplomas was made by Superintendent E. B. Wetherow.
Arrangements are being perfected to change the term of the Macy high school from three years to four years, to secure a college graduate for superintendent, and to make the school certified. It is not improbable that in the next year or so the term will be lengthened from seven to eight months and a commission secured.
Jesse Hansell has been appointed superintendent of the High school succeeding E. L. Powell, resigned. Mr. Hansell heretofore has been superintendent of the schools at Chili.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 8, 1912]

MACY COMMENCEMENT HELD
Special to Sentinel.
Macy, Ind., April 30 -- The commencement of the high school graduates was held in the M. E. church, Friday evening, and an excellent address was delivered by Rev. John H. Runkin, on the subject of "Larger Education." The class motto was "Be True to Thine Own Self," and the class colors were pink and white. The church was tastily decorated with ferns and the class colors. The Wilson-Carpenter orchestra of Peru rendered exquisite music, and S. A. Carvey played a saxaphone solo, which was highly appreciated. The Junior quartette composed of Misses Margaret Belt, Leona DuBois, Pauline Carvey and Esther Kennedy, displayed a marvelous talent and received great applause. There was a keynote of sadness throughout the evening as one of the graduates, Miss Mary Wilson, and brother, Scudder Wilson, who is one of the Principles, were absent on account of the death of their sister, Mrs. Beatrice Sroufe. The other graduates were Miss Mary Hoffman Rachel Powel and Howard Belt. Their diplomas were presented to them by County Superintendent E. B. Witherow. Clark Bailey, Wilford Woodring and Dr. Ellis Andrews, of Peru, attended the commencement.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 30, 1913]

MACY COMMENCEMENT
Macy high school's commencement is being held this (Thursday) evening, two girls and four boys getting diplomas: Miss Pauline Carvey, Miss Gertrude Smith, Carl C. Harris, Joel R. Stahl, Walter A. Zartman and Newell Day.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 22, 1915]

MACY ITEMS
The Macy school commenced two weeks ago with Prof. Smith, of Indianapolis, again as principal. Miss Sropell, of Illinois, is Domestic Science teacher, and Miss Clara Mae Robbins, of Rochester, grammar teacher. Orville Foor is teaching 7th and 8th grades, Miss Mary Kindig, intermediate, and Miss Marjorie Savage, primary.
The following teachers have been assigned to the different schools in the township: Misses Bernice Palmer, Birmingham; Mildred Weller, Five Corners; May Smith, Oakdale; Essie Day, Hopewell and Mary Musselman, at Union
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 2, 1918]

WALK TO PERU
Forbes Norris, principal of the Macy high school, and his wife, started the spring off nicely Saturday morning when they walked from Macy to Peru just for the exercise.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 7, 1924]

MACY SCHOLARS ARE BEST IN THE COUNTY
Allen township, Miami county, proved to be the leader over the other townships of that county in the March township examination for graduation of eighth grade pupils, every pupil passing the examination. These grades, however, will have to be averaged with their class test and semi-examination grades to prove their elegibility for graduation. Onis Hartman of the Macy school made the highest grade in the county. The pupils in Allen township taking the examination were: Onis Hartman, Mary Powell, Opel Belt, Nettie Mullican, Harriet Horton, Martha Sroufe, Marjorie Hatch, Verna See, Ida Wagoner, Howard Wilson, Russell Enyart, Bernard Hurst, Glen Fenters, Byron Smith and Harold Lowe.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 16, 1924]

NEW SCHOOL HOUSE BIDS
Scudder Wilson, trustee and the advisory board of Allen township, Miami county, met Monday and opened the bids for the new school house of Macy, also, they sold the bonds at a nice premium.
The bids for the general contract were as follows: See & Son, $24,646; Milo Cutshall, $25,853 and the Shelby Construction Co., $28,820.
The bids for the heating and plumbing were: George P. Weaver, $7,200; Hipskind, of Wabash, $7,182; H. M. Ewer, of Macy, $8,202; R. M. Cotton, $7,850.
At the same time the officials sold the $30,000 worth of school bonds to J. F. Wild & Co. of Indianapolis, paying a premium of $795.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, July 11, 1925]

MIAMI SUPT. TO BE MACY HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL
Announcement was made Wednesday by Miami county superintendent of schools, E. L. Powell, that he had accepted the position of principal of the Macy high school to succeed Forbes Norris, who will enter law school at Harvard. Mr. Powell will be succeeded as county superintendent by T. A. Shively on August 16. Mr. Shively was elected superintendent at a session of the township trustees some time ago.
Before he was elected county superintendent, Mr. Powell was connected with the Macy schools for more than 13 years. His home is in Macy, and for this reason, Mr. Powell feels that he is extremely fortunate in being appointed to that position.
Mr. Powell also stated Wednesday that the razing of the old section of the Macy school building is progressing rapidly, and it will doubtless be completely torn down by Saturday evening.
The new structure will cost approximately $29,000. The work is being done by See and Son, Macy contractors. A new gymnasium and community room and five or six additional class rooms will be provided with the completion of the new addition. The new structure will be completed by Thanksgiving.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, July 16, 1925]

MACY SCHOOL HOUSE TO BE VERY WELL EQUIPPED
Allen township, Miami county, is soon to have a high school building up to date in every particular, including a gymnasium and plenty of class rooms. The present assembly has a capacity of 100 students and now that there is in course of construction an addition to the old building of six class rooms with new steam heating plant and a gym, Macy will soon be in a position to boast of one of the best equipped school plants in Miami county outside of Peru.
The new gym has a playing floor 44x60 feet in dimensions with a 13 foot stage across the front end finished with glazed tile, which makes a very commodious and attractive place for holding community meetings. Four of the new class rooms are each 24x32 in dimensions and the other two are 22x33 feet.
Some weeks ago the township was bonded for $30,000 and the general contract and the heating and plumbing contracts were let within this limit. The brick work is completed to the second story, and to the roof of the gym. See & Son of Macy have the contract and they had 36 men at work this morning.
It is said that approximately 90 per cent of the voters of the township signed a petition for the construction of this addition and thus the school problem of Allen township will be settled for the next 50 years without any material dissention or ill feeling on the part of any one.
The following teachers have been employed for the coming year: High school, E. L. Powell, principal; Ellis C. Powell, mathematics and science; and Pauline Woodward, Latin, French and English. Grades, Daniel Shambarger, seventh and eighth; Helen Shadle, fifth and sixt; Lucile Schuman, third and fourth and Miss Cook, formerly of the Akron schools, primary grades.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, September 2, 1925]

MACY
The commencement exercises for the high school graduating class was held in the new gymnasium Friday evening. There were seven boys and six girls. Caps and gowns were worn this year for the first here. The graduates, as they were seated on the stage, were: Joseph Shadel, Thelma Wagoner, Earl Halderman, Winifred Ogden, Richard Cloud, Mildred Tracy, Verl Burns, Edith Smith, Darwin Petty, Florence Burns, Dwight Gallipo, Miriam Pownall and Robert Wilson. Class colors were blue and silver and their motto was, "The best is none too good." Excellent music was rendered by an orchestra from Peru, Homer C. Bobbitt, lecturter, humorist and traveler, delivered a splended address on the subject, "Duds and Doughnuts." "Duds," he explained, were shells that would not explode when fired from artillery during the world war.
Saturday evening the alumni association gave their annual program and banquet in the new gymnasium. Program was as follows: Address of Welcome, Marvin Briggs; Response, Verl Burns; Piano Solo, Mrs. P. B. Carter; Pianologue, Mrs. Otto Cloud; Vocal Solo, Calvert Carter; Piano Solo, Mrs. John Savage. During the banquet Howard See acted as toastmaster. Toasts were given by Scudder Wilson, Merrill Conner and Misses Esther Zartman and Dorothy Aughinbaugh.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 13, 1926]

COMMENCEMENT PLANS AT MACY SCHOOL ANNOUNCED
Commencement activities of the Macy high school will begin with the presentation of the class play, "Sunshine Lane," at the school auditorium Friday and Saturday evenings, Airil 10 and 11.
The cast includes Muriel Ogden, Virginia Cloud, Gretchen Smith, Harriett Hurst, Martha Patch, Maudie Fenters, Dorothy Weller, Vincent Palmer, William Enyart, Calvert Carter, Richard Patch and Richard Wilson.
On Friday evening, April 17, the junior-senior banquet will be held at the Bearss hotel in Peru, and on Sunday evening, April 19, baccalaureate services will be held at the Macy Methodist church at 7:45 p.m. Rev. C. M. Read, pastor of the Macy Christian church will give the address.
Commencement exercises will be held Friday evening, April 24 at 8 p.m. in the Macy Christian church with Rev. E. P. Buroker of Brazil, delivering the address. Music will be furnished by a Peru orchestra under the direction of S. A. Carvey.
Diplomas will be presented to seventeen graduates as follows:
Richard Oren Wilson, Robert D. Miller, Russell C. Smith, William Enyart, Martha Patch, Maudie L. Fenters, Richard F. Patch, Muriel Ogden, Calvert A. Carter, Dorothy J. Weller, Harriet E. Hurst, Virginia L. Cloud, Cecil Southerton, Lois Helen Terrell, Claude O. Wagner, W. Vincent Palmer and Gretchen Smith.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, April 8, 1931]

MAHLER SCHOOL [#4] [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located S side of 600N, at approximately 1050W.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.

MAJESTY HIGH SCHOOL [Grass Creek]
[photo - top] Majesty High School, Grass Creek, was completed in 1903. The school burned in 1936 and was replaced by a new school in 1937 on the same location. The 1937 school was closed in 1967 because of consolidation into Caston School. The building was torn down and the Grass Creek Lions made a park there with playground equipment, dedicated June 14, 1987. (Photo: Janece Herrold)

[photo - bottom] Majesty High School, Grass Creek, class of 1907. From left: Fred Harsh, John Herrold, Roy Kumler, Floyd Ware, Charles Walsh. ((Photo: Lois Kumler Ewen, daughter of Roy Kumler)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 68, p. 124]

[photo] Majesty High School, class of 1910, Grass Creek. Front row: Fern Beattie Black (Byron Black's mother), Mary Edgerton, Pearl Thrush, Hazel Beattie, Pearl Herrold. Back row: Earl Moore, Hazel Jones, Effie McCaughey, Frank Nichols. (Photo: Lois Ewen)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 68, p. 126]

[photo] Majesty High School Senior Class of 1916, Grass Creek. Front row: John Douglass, Esther (Shanley) Kiehl, Opal (Spotts) Welsheimer Rice, James Graham.
Middle row: Violet (Van Meter) Darling, Jack Burns, Ray Caton, Lotus Thrush, Glenn (Robbins) Murray.
Back row: Frank Graham, Grace (Falls) Osborn, Arthur "Bus" Burns.
S. Earl Rouch graduated from Majesty High School in 1911. He was principal of Majesty High 1915-1919. (Photo donated to FCHS in 1980 by Rouch family)
[FCHS Images No. 2, p. 91]

In 1903 the Grass Creek Majesty School was built at the Ted Sadler farm, and the old school was sold, and remodeled into a bungalow-type house, which Florence Cunningham now owns.
Willard Nickels was the principal here. Floyd Leasure taught in the grades and his wife Fanny taught primary.Around 1872 Floyd Leasure was a traveling teacher. He would stay at the student's homes. Mr. Leasure taught grades for seven years, then high school in Grass Creek for five years. "Daddy" Leasure was the janitor of the Grass Creek School.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
Majesty High School was built in Grass Creek 1903-04. It was finished at Christmas 1903 and classes began there in January of 1904. It burned in 1935 and was rebuilt immediately but named Grass Creek School.
[F.C.H.S. files]
Roy Kumler, Fred Harsh, Floyd Ware, Charles Walsh and John William Herrold in 1907 became the first graduates of Majesty High School.
See Grass Creek School; Grass Creek, Indiana.

MANITOU RIPPLES [Rochester, Indiana]
The name of the Rochester high school annual.
The first Manitou Ripples published with student initiative was published in the spring of 1907.

RAYMOND CAMPBELL
Obituary
Raymond Campbell DAWSON, son of Geo. and Effie DAWSON, was born at Rochester, Ind., September 22, 1887, and departed this life November 28, 1908, at Madison, Wisconsin, being 21 years, 2 months and 6 days old, leaving father, mother, sister, grandfather, grandmother and many relatives and friends to mourn their loss.
Raymond was a strong, sterling, lovable character, weilding an influence over all who came in contact with him. Raymond, with his ever companion, Harry, and other boy friends, united with the Baptist church in the winter of 1901 and '02 under the pastorate of Rev. G. L. CONLEY, always giving his talent to the church, in the choir and other ways, leading the B.Y.P.U. meeting the last Sunday night of his summer vacation. Raymond was ambitious and very desirous of making much of his way. He graduated from high school in 1906 with good grades, was president of the class and editor of the first high school annual, Manitau Ripples. By making his credits the first year in Madison, the University of Wisconsin commissioned the Rochester High school. At the beginning of his second year's work he was put on the editorial staff of the Cardinal the college daily paper, and showed talent in his chosen work.
During his sickness he maintained that cheerful, kind, submissive, sweet disposition that he carried all through life, winning the hearts of the physicians and nurses of the hospital. Raymond died as he lived, always doing his very best.
The funeral will occur at his late home, Geo. V. DAWSON, 212 West 9th St., at 2 o'clock Tuesday, December 1st, Dr. O. P. MILES officiating. The remains may be viewed from now until the hour of the funeral.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 30, 1908]

MAGAZINE PRAISES PLANS FOR 1925 SCHOOL ANNUAL
The 1925 Manitou Ripples, high school annual, of unusual excellency is indicated by comment appearing in the current number of the Art Crafts Review, a leading monthly publication in the interest of the engraving industry.
An article dealing with annuals of various schools, from the University of California to Culver Military Academy, contained among the eight publications mentioned a highly complimentary reference to the Manitou Ripples.

The reviewer said he had seen the plans for the local annual, and engraving work now under way, which led him to expect a very attractive Manitou Ripples of 1925.
Miss Elizabeth Flett of the high school faculty is supervising the preparations of the annual this year, and the editors-in-chief are Martha Hood and Raymond Pontious.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, December 24, 1924]

MARSHTOWN SCHOOL [Wayne Township]
Also known as Mt. Vernon School.
Marshtown is to have a new school house. Alex. Cooper has the contract. . . the old house sold to James Beattie . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, June 20, 1872]

The Marshtown school opens on April 6th, with Miss McGraw as teacher. The Lake school opens on the same day, with Miss Jennie Egman as teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, March 26, 1874]

Miss McGraw will teach the Marshtown school. This is her third term there.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, November 19, 1874]

Ches. Chinn teaches the Marshtown school. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 10, 1877]
McELRARYS SCHOOL [Richland Township]

McKINLEY SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
Located approximately 5-1/4 miles east of Rochester on the South side of Old Fort Wayne Road, 150N and 450E.
Built in 1901.
First principal John Felder.
1902-03: C. M. Gibbons.
Building torn down in 1939 by Rex Moore, who used the bricks to build a house, which is the first house on the north side of Highway 14 east of Moore's corner (Highway 14 and 500E)
[Moore Family, Reba Moore Shore, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, Willard.]
__________

A GRADED SCHOOL
Rochester township now has the finest consolidated school building in Fulton county and one of the best in the state. This is the one located three miles northeast of Rochester on the Warsaw road, and which was opened today.
Supt W. S. Gibbons and Trustee Jackson visited the school, this morning. Frank Onstott was their driver and the others in the load were John King, Noah Pontious, Jos. Ault, John McClure, Jas. Coplen, Carl Jessen and a SENTINEL reporter. The school building is a fine two-story structure containing three school rooms, a hall for each room and large basement rooms. At the entrance there is a fine stone arch and just above this on the second floor there is also a door and the platform outside is surrounded by a ceiling. The inside of the building is elegantly finished. The walls are snow white, the seats are of the latest make and every room is supplied with an abundance of light. The building is heated by a furnace.
Grades 1 and 2 and Class B of grade 3 on the first floor are presided over by Miss Lottie Mackey; class A of grade 3 and grades 4, 5 and 6 are under Fred Moore; and on the second floor Principal John Felder has charge of 7 and 8. This school takes in four districts: Liberty, Black Oak, Pucky Huddle and White Walnut. When school opened there were about sixty pupils and there will be several more. Carrying pupils to school in hacks is being given the first trial in Fulton county here. Frank Rogers is the hack driver, and he hauls the pupils of Black Oak, the farthest coming a distance of over three miles.
The architect of this building was Jos. Ault, and the contractors were Jno. King and Noah Pontious. It was erected at an expense of about $8,000. Fulton county will have other consolidated school buildings, as there are petitions in for them at Grass Creek, Bruce Lake station, Germany, Richland Center, Mt. Zion, Athens, Talma, Fulton and Bearss.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 14, 1902]

STATE'S FIRST CONSOLIDATED SCHOOL IS NOW BEING RAZED
* * * * Photo of McKinley School * * * *
Above depicted, according to the records of the old timers, one views the gutted shell of what once was the "pride of Indiana's consolidated rural school system," the McKinley school house. This building was in fact the first consolidated school to be erected in the State of Indiana. The building is located on what is known as the Ft. Wayne road, approximately four and a half miles northeast of the City of Rochester, Ind.
This once, outstanding, model rural school was purchased a few weeks ago by Rex V. Moore, farmer, residing east of this city for the sum of $417.50 and is now being razed. The salvage materials will be used for farm building purposes. The McKinley school ceased its usefulness as an educational factor of its community in the year 1930, it was stated.
Attracted Wide Attention
The building was erected in the year 1901, and during the earlier days of its existence attracted the attention of school officials, trustees and legislators from various points in Indiana as well as those from adjacent states.
The McKinley school was built during the regime of Fulton County School Superintendent W. S. (Sherm) Gibbons, now deceased. Charles Jackson was the trustee of Rochester township and the Township Advisory Board was comprised of Mr. Jackson, Kelsey Richardson, James Babcock and Milton Wiley. These names appear on the cornerstone of the building. Of the above mentioned officials who were instrumental in bringing about this "educational test tube of rural schools" there remains but one survivor today, Mr. Kelsey Richardson, of this city.
Original Teaching Staff
The school which was of a three-class room structure, was opened late in the year of 1901, a few weeks before Christmas. The personnel of the teaching staff of Indiana's first consolidated rural school was Principal, John Felder, now of Alaska; Fred Moore, of the Moore Realty Co., of this city, and Miss Charlotta Mackey, now Mrs. Charoltta Palmer of Detroit and Rochester.
The new consolidated school which embraced only the primary and elementary grades, replaced three outmoded, one-room frame rural schools which were known as the White Walnut, the Puckey Huddle and Little Egypt, all situated in that section of Rochester township.
Some of the families whose children patronized the McKinley school during its initial years were the Richardsons; the Moores; the Keeblers; the Holloways; the Stinsons; the Carrs; the Blackburns; the Barkmans and numerous others.
No School Buses
In an interview with Fred Moore, who taught the intermediary grades of the old McKinley school, he stated there were no improved roads in those days and the youngsters came to school, afoot, via horse and buggy and in the dead of winter during the heavy snows, a few of the neighbors would take turns in bringing the children to school in mud-boats or bob sleds. A large shelter shed with a manger rack was maintained by the school for the pupils' horses and all the youngsters brought their dinner pails.
The building which was of two and a half story brick structure had a full basement, a modern hot-air heating system, three large class rooms, lavatories and plumbing system, cloak rooms and a large storage room in the attic.
The dismanteling work which is now in progress will perhaps require several more weeks, and as soon as all of the matrials are removed the basement excavation will be filled to ground level by Mr. Moore, and thus, the last material vestige of Indiana's first consolidated rural school will become obliterated.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 11, 1939]

NEW BELL IS INSTALLED IN FULTON U. S. CHURCH
After several years without any bell the U. B. church in Fulton recently installed a bell in the belfry of the church. The old bell cracked during the winter some years ago.
The newly-installed bell was purchased from a sale and came out of the old McKinley school, located three miles northeast of Rochester, which was the first consolidated school in Indiana.
It is not known how old the bell is although it is thought to be at least 75 years.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 13, 1941]

[photo] McKinley School 1902-03 souvenir booklet, donated to FCHS museum by Oscar Lahan. Trella Harter's photo is on the front.
Pupils: FIRST GRADE: Lloyd Moore, Lester Emmons, Densil Dennis, Dee Shoeman, Palmer Stinson, Floyd Weller, Cloyd Moore, Leroy Hoot, May Holloway, Edith Woods, Claude Weller, Garland Kestler. SECOND GRADE: Willie Daulton, Lilly Smith, John Stinson, Emma Vanlue, Marvin Vanlue, Ada Black, Hazzel Murphy, Elvin Holloway, Harry Vanlue, Charles Holloway. THIRD GRADE: Fern Masteller, Glen Holloway, Enness Holloway, Margaret Wagoner, Lola Kestler, Samuel Bowman, Stella Good, Macy Holloway, Mary Holloway, Granvil Holloway, Maud Thompson, Ike Thompson, Edith Good, Hertha Russell, Edgar Kielder [Keebler?].
Charles Jackson - Trustee; W. S. Gibbons - Co. Supt.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 76]

[photo- top] McKinley School - Room 1 - Trella Harter, 1902-03. [no names listed]
[photo - bottom] McKinley School - Room 3 - C. M. Gibbons - Teacher. 7dth & 8th grades 1902-03. [no names listed]
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 77]

McKinley School souvenir 1906-07:
J. C. Werner, County Superintendent; K. P. Rochardson, Trustee; Teachers, Kline Richardson, Lon Carr, and Mabel Reers.
Pupils, Room 1: Harvey Rush, Ollie Rush, Raymond Richardson, Jessie Funk, William Koch, Mildred Fultz, George Moore, Mattie Nichols, Russell Koch, Ruth Emmons Floyd Carey, Grace Ewing, Harvey Foor, Osce Foor, Rudolph Johnson, Oscar Coplen, Cleo Darr, Lester Rogers, Hazel Wolfe, Max Nichols, Devaun McIntyre, Raymond Murphy, Kenneth Young, Russel Murphy, Helen Richardson, Cloyd Moore, Lloyd Moore, Elza Burns, Ella Baldwin, John Waltz, Condia McIntyre.
Pupils, Room 2: Palmer Stinson, Jesse Waltz, Madgie Anderson, Nellie Dudgeon, Stanley Carr, Albert Eshelman, Oris Foor, Agnes Johnson, Catherine Clarey, Lester Emmons, Tressia McIntyre, Hazel Murphy, Eleonora Hanson, Ruth Baldwin, John Stinson, Roy Hoot, Susie Waltz, Walter Wood, Norabelle Krom, Stella Good, Goldie McIntyre, Joe Waltz.
Pupils, Room 3: Fern Ralston, Donnald Conner, Readie Baldwin, Edith Good, Engrid Hanson, Mattie Dudgeon, Ona Rohrabaugh, Lester Oliver, Bernice Darr, Forest Calvert, Fritz Hanson, Garfield Hanson, Milo Coplen, Axel Ericson, Eula Ewing, Maud Weirick, Lula Murphy, Roy Fenstermaker, Pearl Rohrabaugh, Glen Stinson, Raymond Rogers, Ethel Woods, Frank Richardson, May Coplen.
[McKinley School, Rochester, Indiana, 1906-1907, from files of Jean C. and Wendell C. Tombaugh]

[photo] McKinley School 1907. Front row: Stanley Carr, Robert Woods, Oscar Coplen, Don Nichols, Cleo Darr, Harvey Rush, Howard Darr, Lester Rogers, Kenneth Young, Clifford Koch, Leslie Foor, unknown, Russel Koch, unknown. Row 2: Russell Murphy, unknown, Raymond Richardson, Johnson boy, Raymond Murphy, unknown boy and girl, Madge Anderson, Catherine Clary, Jessie Funk, Nellie Dudgeon. Row 3: Mildred Fultz, Grace Ewing, Agnes Johnson, Eleonora Hanson, Rebecca Davisson, Marie Eshelman, Ollie Rush, Helen Richardson, Ruth Funk, Helen Johnson, Hazel Wolf, Fritz Hanson. Back row: Lon Carr, Elba Murphy, Kline Richardson, unknown girl, Mattie Dudgeon, 3 unknowns, Norabel Krom, Engrid Hanson, Edith Good, Stella Good, Hazel Murphy, unknown, Fern Ralston, Garfield Hanson, Milo Coplen, 2 unknowns. (Photo: Cecile Kelley Carruthers)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 80]

[photo] Inside a McKinley School classroom Dec. 21, 1910, Mr. Lon Carr, teacher of grades 3-4-5. (Photo donated to FCHS by Mrs. Paul Adamson, from Grace Ewing)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 95]

[photo] Frank Severns and his hack which he drove on the south route to haul children to McKinley School 1912-13. Frank was the father of Marion "Bill" and Eva Severns. (Photo from Eva Severns Kindig's scrapbook)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 83]
[photo] McKinley School 1913. This photo of the west side of the school building was taken by Oneida Williams, teacher of first and second grades. Notice the little shed on the right which was used for the horses and buggies that teachers and older students drove to school. (Photo from Eva Severns Kindig's scrapbook)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 82]

[photo] McKinley School 1913. Front row (seated): Ward Hinsley, Estel Jay Eshelman, Abe Krom, Hugh Rogers, Herman Wagoner, Ernest Nichols, Everett Clay, Hubert Manning, Donald Peeples, Franklin Smiley, Luther Manning. Row 2: (kneeling) Mabel Good, Hattie Eshelman, Gladys Hinsley, Evelyn Peeples, Eva Severns, unknown twin girls, Cecil Emmons, Mable Kelley, Agnes Miller, Ruth Cox, Pauline Morgan. Row 3: Cory Vandergrift - hack driver, Russell Koch, Max Nichols, Herman Neher, Clifford Koch, Raymond Clay, Osa Foor, Harvey Foor, Howard Rogers, Harley Beck, Don Nichols (back of Harley), Franklin Wagoner, Lennie Foor, Goldie Daulton, Marion "Bill" Severns, Zula Barkman, Mable Beck, Fern Rush, Helen Darr, Paul Emmons, Gladys Cox (in white blouse), Don Good, Leslie Foor, Rex Good. Row 4: Raymond Clay, Vern Sharp, Erma Wagoner, Jessie Funk, Ollie Rush, Jewel Smiley, Rebecca Davidson, Lester Rogers, Ralph Smith, Mildred Fultz, Hazel Smith, Ruth Funk, Marie Eshelman, Isabel Koch, Harvey Rush, Howard Wilson, Howard Darr, Bob Wagoner, Charles Emmons, Otis Morgan, Mr. Ulrich - janitor. Back row: Mattie Nichols, Wilby Evans, Cecile Kelley, Byron "Pete" Murphy, Dessie Clay, Vern Rush, Mary Krom, Don Rogers, Ralph Cox, Sam Davidson, Donald Funk, David Wilson, Russell Smiley, Melvin Coplen - hack driver, Henry Robinson - principal and teacher of upper grades, Fern Wright - teacher of primary grades, Eula Ewing - teacher of grades 3-4-5. (Photo: Eva Severns Kindig)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 81]

[photo] Hack to McKinley School 1914. Cecile Kelley is the girl in black hood and ties marked with a check near the center. Mildred Fultz is on her left. Cory Vanderbrigt, the driver, is at right by the horses. Eula Ewing took the picture with her camera. (Photo: Cecile Kelley Carruthers)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 78]

[photo] McKinley School 1914-15, grades 6,7,8. Front row: Bill Evans, Gladys Cox, Mattie Nichols, Howard Darr, Harley Beck, Vern Sharp, Don Nichols, Vern Rush, Dessie Clay, Linnie Foor, Mary Krom, Cecile Kelley, Charles Emmons, Ruth Peeples, Fern Rush, Mable Beck. Back row: John DuBois - teacher, Isabel Koch, Russel Koch, Ruth Funk, Jewel Smiley, Otis Morgan, Rebecca Davisson, Helen Johnson, Jessie Funk, Raymond Clay, Ollie Rush, Marie Eshelman, Max Nichols, Herman Neher, Byron Murphy, Robert Wagoner. (Photo: Cecile Kelley Carruthers)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, . 79]

[photo] McKinley School 1920-21. Vernon Miller was principal and taught grades 7 and 8. Lucy Oliver taught grades 4, 5 and 6. Bernice Eash taught grades 1, 2 and 3. This shows the northwest corner of the school. On the north (left) side was the middle room so the building was actually two and a half stories high. McKinley School stood on the south sied of the Old Fort Wayne Road between 450E and 500E about 2-1/2 miles east of Rochester. (Photo donated to FCHS by Lucy Oliver Kincaid.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, cover p. 1]

[photo] McKinley School room 3 in 1920-21. Front row: Evelyn Peeples, Hattie Eshelman, Eva Severns, Dorothy Smiley, Bernice Carr. Row 2: Vern Miller, Ralph Sheets, Don Rush, Marion "Bill" Severns, Herman Wagner, Ernest Nichols, Jay Eshelman. Back row: Abe and George Krom. (Photo: Eva Severns Kindig)
FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 86]

[photo] McKinley school girls in Domestic Science room 1920-21. Left to right: Evelyn Peeples, Lucy Oliver - teacher, Dorothy Smiley, Eva Severns, Bernice Carr, Hattie Eshelman. (Photo: Eva Severns Kindig)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 84]

[photo] Manual Training class at McKinley 1920-21. Front row: Abe Krom, George Krom, Robert Carr, Herman Wagoner, Jay Eshelman. Back row: Vernon Miller - teacher, Ralph Sheetz, Ernest Nichols, Donald Rush, Marion "Bill" Severns. (Photo: Donated to FCHS by Mrs. Paul Adamson, from her mother, Grace Ewing Berrier)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 85]

[photo] McKinley basketball team 1922. Front row: George Krom, Jay Eshelman, Robert Carr, Lawrence Holland. Back row: Coach Seth Carpenter, Don Beattie, Ernest Nichols, Donald Rush. (Photo: Marjorie Fred)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 103[

[photo] McKinley grades 1-2-3 in 1923-24. Front row: Kathern Vanlue Barkman, unknown, Byron Carr, Herbert Smith, Josephine Thompson Krom, Willard Holland, Dorothy Tomb Woods, Kenneth Holman, Bob Davidson, unknown, Earl Barkman. Row 2: C'Dale Nichols, Rhea Rogers Dilman, Marjorie Darr Bryant, Mabel Barkman Blacketor, Ruth Ulrich, Emery Holman, Woodrow Rynearson, Arthur Good, unknown, Paul Barts, Margaret Wilson Sadowsky - teacher. (Photo: Kethern Barkman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 87]

[photo] McKinley School grades 4-5-6, 1923. Front row: Hubert Van Lue, Herchel Berkheiser,Weldon Carr, Ed Wagoner. Row 2: Mary Krom - teacher, Evelyn Darr, Clarabelle Carr, Violet Brown, Madge Carr, Margaret Koch, Edna Nichols, Ruth Brown, Clifford Koch - janitor. Back row: Ralph Foor, William Wagoner, Cecil Garber, Pauline Darr, Sarah Rynearson, Ralph Barts, Doyle Good, Burdell Leiter. (Photo from scrapbook donted to FCHS by Margaret Wilson Sadowsky)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 88]

[photo] McKinley School room 2 1924-25. Front row (seated): unknown, Byron Carr, Earl Barkman, Kenneth Holman, Gerald Miller, [ ---- ] Shoemaker, Bob Davidson, Willard Holland, James Brown. Row 2: Bernice Robbins, Francis Rogers, Pearl Ulrich, Richard Coplen, Rhea Rogers, Josephine Thompson, Inez Good, Kethern Vanlue, Mary Miller Leininger, Margaret Smiley, Barbara Darr. Row 3: C'Dale Nichols, Ida Catherine Carr, Velma Smith Gardener, Emery Holman, Herbert Smith, Ruth Rush, Paul Barts, Marjorie Darr, Dorothy Tomb, Arthur Good, Zulah Barkman -teacher. (Photo: Earl Barkman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 96]

[photo] McKinley 5th grade 1928-29. Front row (seated): Bob Drudge, Pearl Ulrich, Devane Ballenger, Cecil Moore, Byron Carr, Barbara Darr Stewart, Emaline Rhodes Kindig, Dorothy Shobe Brubaker, Selina Rhodes Gillespie. Row 2: Bob Davidson, Dorothy Tomb Woods, Charlotte Miller DuBois, Helen Ballenger Jones, Marjorie Darr Bryant, Andrew "Jack" Bick, Ruth Rush Zolman, Thelma Hoot, Ruth Ulrich, Marjorie Brubaker, Kathern Vanlue Barkman, Alvada Bick Rookstool, Rhea Rogers Dilman, Nina Rhodes Chapman, Marjorie Tomb Schier. Back row: Francis Gibson, Earl Barkman, Naomi Bryant, Odessa Greer - teacher. (Photo: Kathern Barkman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 89]

[photo] McKinley 7th & 8th Grades, Oct. 1930. Front row (seated): Cecil Moore, Byron Carr, Robert Drudge, Devane Ballenger, Charles Kochenderfer, Bob Davidson, Earl Barkman, Arthur Good. Row 2: Marjorie Brubaker Cook, Barbara Darr Stewart, Marjorie Tomb Schier, Marjorie Moore Wodcox, Dorothy Shobe Brubaker, Dorothy Tomb Woods, Ruth Ulrich, Kathern Vanlue Barkman, Fred Van Duyne - teacher and principal. Back row: Ida Katherine Carr, Alvada Bick Rookstool, Charlotte Miller DuBois, Josephine Thompson Krom, Ruth Peterson, Marjorie Darr Bryant. (Photo: Earl Barkman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 98]

[photo] McKinley basketball team, spring 1931. Left to right: Bob Davidson, Earl Barkman, Charles Kochenderfer, Virgil Parker, Byron Carr, Ralph Madary. (Photo: Earl Barkman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 99]
[photo] The Last Year at McKinley 1930-31.
FRONT ROW: Donald Boyd, Jim Nelson, Richard Landon, Richard Peterson, Lester Zeller, Wayne Reese, [ ---- ] Walton, Dean Carr, Clyde Bick Jr., Bobby Walton, Bobby Zeller, Eugene Koch, Ralph Madary, Pearle Ulrich, Audrey Bryant, Hugh Hunneshagen Jr., Stanley Teel, Richard Drudge.
ROW 2: Teachers Maude Sturken and Annabel Viers (kneeling), Olive Drudge, Crystal Pageal, Lorene Peterson, Francis Barkman, Mary Helen Nixon, Frieda Bryant, Maxine Lowe, Golda Spurlock, Willetta VanLue, Lucyanna Peterson, Betty Masterson, unknown, Jean Brubaker, Julia Carr, Velma Ulrich, Kenneth Brubaker, bus driver - Fred Reese, janitor - Robert Wagoner.
ROW 3: Robert Drudge, Boyd Spurlock, Betty Lemon, Melva Lowe, Melvin Bryant, Frank Carithers, Westel Carr, Eugene Long, Gene Reese, Rueben Rynearson, Betty Lowe, bus drivers: Mr. Walton, Mr. Vernon Barkman, Mr. Ed Rush, principal and 7th & 8th grade teacher - Fred Van Duyne, bus driver - Clarence Drudge.
ROW 4: Charles Kochenderfer, Earl Barkman, Cecil Moore (back of Earl's shoulder), Robert Davidson, Arthur Good, Marjorie Brubaker, Marjorie Moore, Marjorie Tomb, Barbara Darr, Eldora Nelson, Iris Lowe, Anna Wagoner, Marjorie Nelson, unknown.
BACK ROW: Byron Carr, Devane Ballenger, Ida Carr, Charlotte Miller, Alvada Bick, Dorothy Tomb, Marjorie Darr, Josephine Thompson, Ruth Peterson, Ruth Ulrich, Dorothy Shobe, Kathern Vanlue. (Photo: Josephine Thompson Krom)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, p. 101]

McKINLEY SCHOOL OPENS
Rochester Township's New Graded School is Opened
With an Enrollment of Sixty Pupils
(Rochester Republican, February 14, 1902)
The William McKinley Graded School, three miles northeast of Rochester, was opened this morning with an enrollment of sixty pupils and three teachers.
The building is composed of three rooms with halls and all the modern conveniences for the pupils. It has always been an object to get a three room building with proper architectural appearance, and this edifice is a happy medium. The building faces to the north and at the main or front entrance there is an arcade of stone, a vestibule and a door leading to the furnace room and boys' toilet, and faucets for drinking water can be had. On the left is the girls' toilet, and on the right a flight of stairs about five feet high, leading to a hall on the east of which is the first or primary room with twenty-one pupils who consist of the first, second, and a part of the third grades under the instruction of Miss Lottie Mackey.
Now turning north going up another short flight of stairs to the second or intermediate room. This department has an enrollment of twenty-seven, who are taught the work of the sixth, fifth, fourth, and third grades by Fred Moore.
Then to the south up another flight of stairs is the grammar department which is under the instruction of the principal of the school, John Felders, and has sixteen pupils who comprise the seventh and eighth grades.
The building throughout is finished with highly polished oak and blocked plaster work, extending from the floors up the wall about four feet.
Another worthy consideration is lighting. The windows are carried to the ceiling and flare at each side so that nothing obstructs the light.
The building is fitted with two Wolverine furnaces and Henry Weirick as janitor began his new position by having the house very warm. Above the third room is a small room that will be used as a library and above that is a belfry.
Joseph F. Ault has the honor of being the architect of this commodious structure, and John King and Noah Pontious superintended the construction.
A bobsled load, among whom were Superintendent Gibbons, Trustee Jackson, the constructors, the architect, and several others went out and visited the new school this morning and the two former men gave short talks in each of the rooms instructing the pupils as to how to keep their school in the best, cleanest, and most agreeable manner.
Supt. Gibbons says the idea of centralizing the country schools is being met with approval all over the country and petitions are now filed with the trustees of the several townships for new graded schools to be built at Athens, Bearss, Grass Creek, Bruce Lake, Germany, and Richland Center.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 90-91]

A GRADED SCHOOL
ROCHESTER TOWNSHIP'S
NEW BUILDING A MAGNIFICENT STRUCTURE
Erected By Trustee Chas. Jackson at a Cost of $8,000
Pupils Hauled to School in a Hack
Other Buildings to be Erected.
(Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 14, 1902)
Rochester township now has the finest consolidated school building in Fulton County and one of the best in the state. This is the one located three miles northeast of Rochester on the Warsaw Road, and which was opened today.
Supt. W. S. Gibbons and Trustee Jackson visited the school this morning. Frank Onstott was their driver and the others in the load were John King. Noah Pontious, Joe Ault, John McClure, Jas. Coplen, Carl Jessen, and a Sentinel reporter. The school building is a fine two story structure containing three school rooms, a hall for each room and large basement rooms. At the entrance there is a fine stone arch and just above this on the second floor there is also a door and the platform outside is surrounded by a railing. The inside of the building is elegantly finished. The walls are snow white, the seats are of the latest make and every room is supplied with an abundance of light. The building is heated by a furnace.
Grades 1 and 2 and class B of grade 3 on the first floor are presided over by Miss Lottie Mackey; class A of grade 3 and grades 4, 5, and 6 are under Fred Moore; and on the second floor Principal John Felder, has charge of 7 and 8. This school takes in four districts: Liberty, Black Oak, Pucky Huddle, and White Walnut. When school opened there were about sixty pupils and there will be several more. Carrying pupils to school in hacks is being given the first trial in Fulton County here. Frank Rogers is the hack driver, and he hauls the pupils of Black Oak, the furthest coming a distance of over three miles.
The architect of this building was Jos. Ault, and the contractors were Jno. King and Noah Pontious. It was erected at an expense of about $8,000. Fulton County will have other consolidated school buildings, as there are petitions in for them at Grass Creek, Bruce Lake station, Germany, Richland Center, Mt. Zion, Athens, Talma, Fulton, and Bearss.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 91-92]

McKINLEY SCHOOL
By Shirley Willard
Named for President William McKinley who was assassinated in 1901, McKinley School was opened for classes for the first time in February 1902. Unlike the later four-room schools, McKinley had only three classrooms, the lower one being for grades 1, 2, and 3, the middle room for grades 4, 5, and 6, and the upper room for grades 7 and 8.
For many years this school was mistakenly touted as the first consolidated school in the state of Indiana, but this was simply not true. Fred Cavinder, in his 1985 book The Indiana Book of Records, Firsts, and Fascinating Facts, stated that the first consolidated school in the U.S. was at Raleigh in Rush County in 1876.
McKinley was the first consolidated rural school in Indiana, according to the Rochester Sentinel Sept. 12, 1939. McKinley was also the first consolidated school in Fulton County, soon followed by Germany (or Burton), Woodrow, and Reiter.
Reba Moore Shore attended McKinley School in 1902-03 because her big brother Fred Moore was the principal. When Fred stayed home sick, Reba rode to school with Trella Harter, primary teacher, who drove a racing horse and sulky to school. Miss Harter would tuck Reba in with a big robe. Reba attended Sprinkleburg School the rest of her elementary school years because it was within walking distance.
Cecile Kelley Carruthers attended McKinley School 1908-16. She recalled seeing her first airplane while a pupil there. The airplane flew over Fulton County on its way from New York to Chicago, following the Erie Railroad tracks. The children took their lunches and in nice weather sat on a big rock outdoors to eat. The big rock was in the schoolyard and held about four or five children; the rest sat on the ground. While sitting on the rock they saw the airplane fly over, as McKinley was about 3/4 of a mile north of the railroad tracks. [This was in 1911 when Galbreath Perry Rodgers flew the Vin Whiz from Long Island to the Pacific coast]
Cecile recalled that the children played basketball on frozen ground, because McKinley had no gymnasium or any spare room for play.
Cecile rode on Cory Vandergrift's hack (horse-drawn bus). This hack had a wood-burning stove outside under the floor. Boys would jump out and pick corn and parch it on the stove to eat while riding.
Henry Weirick, a Civil War veteran, lived across from the school and would come over and tell the children stories about the war. He served as janitor for 20 years. He was the father of Lillian Lavengood, who is still living in Rochester Township today. After Weirick died, Rosco Anderson took the job of janitor.
Games the children played included ball, Black Man, and London Bridge.
As you came in the front door, you went to the left down a few steps to the girls toilet. To the right and down the steps led to the boys toilet and the furnace room. The tolets and furnace were in the basement. You pulled a rope to flush the toilets.
Entering the front door, you went up a few steps to hang your coats on racks. This was by the door to the primary grades room (1,2,3). There were more steps up to the second floor where there was a classroom for the 4th 5th and 6th grades, all in one room with one teacher. Another rack was in the middle of the hall with hooks on both sides for coats. Pupils set their dinner buckets in the window there.
Then you went up several more steps and to the right was an alcove which served for a library with a revolving rack of books. You went up still more steps to the "high room" which was for the upper grades (7th and 8th), which were taught by the principal.
Cecile's sisters, Mable Kelley Gaumer started school at McKinley in 1910, Ruth Kelley Rockey in 1914, and little brother Eugene Kelley in 1917.
Ruth Rockey recalled that Lester Rogers, son of Leonidas Rogers, was a bus driver to McKinley but her father said, "Don't ride with him - he'll kill all the kids" because he drove fast. His bus was a car rather than a bus and he was a young fellow. (Apparently the Trustee would hire a man to drive a car when there were a few more children than the buses could haul.)
During World War I the principal Fred Deardorff would drill the kids up and down the road to the corner to the east during the noon hour. A boy would carry a flag in front. Ruth was in the first grade and even the little children marched. Girls wore middies (sailor blouses) which were red, white and blue, the patriotic colors. The blouses were blue with big collars with three white strips and a white star in each corner of the collar in back, and a red tie was knotted in front.
Near the school was a woods with paw-paws that the kids liked to pick and eat. There was a pond where the boys would catch pollywogs to throw at each other and tease the girls with. Abe and George Krom would put them down the girls' necks.
Isabel Koch attended McKinley 1908-16. She recalled that the kids stole watermelons by the river. She lived a half mile from the school and had to walk because you had to live over a mile to be allowed to ride the bus. The kids would walk a while, then run a while, then walk again. "Walk and run - they say that is beneficial to your health," Isabel said. "That's why my generation was so strong." She too recalled seeing the first airplane fly over while at McKinley.
Eva Severns Kindig attended McKinley School 1912-20. She recalled the following hack drivers: Clarence Eshelman, Albert Rafelt, and Mel Coplen. Motorized buses came into use about 1920. Bus drivers included George Peeples and Leonidas Rogers. The janitor was Jacob Miller. There were two water fountains on the lower floor. Water was supplied from a well with a gasoline pump.
About 1919 running water rest rooms were installed. The furnace room was expanded to take in the boy's rest room, so the boy's rest room was moved into the former girls' rest room. The girls' rest room was moved to the northwest corner of the first floor.
Marion "Bill" Severns, Eva's brother, recalled an old man named Bryant who was janitor, and so was his 40 year-old-son. For hack drivers he recalled the following: Roy Clay, George Krom, and Dee Ulerich. There were two hacks, one going north and one covering the territory on the south. Leonidas Rogers had the first motorized bus to McKinley. This bus had hard rubber tires on the back and air-filled tires on the front. The youngsters all walked to the programs at school at night, even though it was four or five miles by road. They went by the roads because cutting through the fields you might get lost in the dark or trip and fall. They carried lanterns to see by as they walked. A bunch of kids walking together would have a lot of fun laughing and teasing. The school would have box socials, singing programs, and organ music. This was the only evening entertainment there was.
Mabel Beck Anderson attended McKinley School 1908-16, the same as Cecile Kelley Carruthers. She remembered a big snow one winter when the children had to walk home at noon. The school had been notified (by telephone?) that the snow was going to be real bad and they dismissed at noon. Mable and her brother followed behind a big boy, Lester Emmons, who made a path through the deep snow so the little kids could walk through it. The snow was waist deep on Mabel. They went to Jimmy Henderson's house a half mile west of the school. Mabel's father, Lee Beck, came for them before dark.
Odessa Greer said that Bess McKee Shephard, who taught c. 1916, told her of a primary teacher who had a swing in the middle of the classroom for the children to play on. Odessa taught at McKinley 1927-28, and she thought there was a telephone in the alcove.
Alice Lowe (later Mrs. Carl Newcomb) taught grades 4, 5 and 6 at McKinley 1919-20. She drove a horse and buggy to town (Rochester) and her sister got out at the high school. Mildred Leonard got in with her at Dawson & Coplen's Drug Store (southwest corner of Main and 8th steeets) and they drove on to McKinley together. Mildred taught grades 1, 2 and 3. It was a distance of 16 miles from Alice's home, quite a drive in those days. There were no improved roads then. The children walked or came by horse and buggy, mud boats, bobsleds, or sleighs. There was a shed for the horses by the school. The shed had a manger rack for feeding hay to the horses. Alice taught at Orr one-room school west of Rochester 1918-19. Then in 1920-23, she taught at Woodrow grades 3, 4, and 5.
Clifford Koch was janitor in 1921-23 and helped with pasketball practice. In bad weather they used the bus barn to practice basketball. Seth Carpenter was the principal and coach 1921-23. After Seth left McKinley he taught at Akron 1923-27 and then at Reiter 1927-31. While at Reiter School he met June Robinson and married her. June taught at Burton 1925-27, Reiter 1927-28 grades 3 and 4, and again 1930-31.
Evadean Halterman Deardorff was only 18 years old when she taught at McKinley School in 1927. Billy Foster had his trustee's office above the dime store [SW corner 7th & Main]. It was hard to find a school to teach at, but as Foster was a family friend, he gave Evadean a contract to teach. She stated the McKinley community was so friendly and Mr. Van Duyne was a most kind and helpful principal. She got a contract to teach closer to home the next year at Richland Center School.
Alvada Bick Rookstool attended McKinley 1925-31. She recalled that the boys practiced basketball in the attic above the 7th and 8th grade classrooms. Girls had home economics (which was called Domestic Science in those days) in the alcove at the top of the stairs on the same floor as the 4-5-6 grade rooms. They shared one sewing machine, a foot-pedal powered machine. This must have been the same room Cecile Carruthers remembered as a library. Alvada said they had music in the regular classrooms. She and Jo Thompson learned to play the violin under the direction of Ernest Fisher, music teacher, while Earl Barkman played clarinet. There were also coronets in the orchestra. She never had private lessons until after she got out of the 8th grade. She also remembered that the kids skated on a pond at the corner west of the school; the pond was under a tree. They did not have skates, but skated on their shoes. Once a year they got to have a weiner roast at noon in the woods north of the school.
McKinley had the same music teacher as Reiter and Burton and Woodrow, as there was only one music teacher hired by the township. This music teacher spent a different day in each school and thus came one day a week. The fifth day might be spent on private lessons teaching individuals to play instruments or practicing for a program. The special programs were often put on at Reiter School (built in 1925) because it had a big new gymnasium, and all the Rochester Township schools took part. McKinley School pupils took part in the orchestra which teacher Ernest Fisher had, comprised of pupils from all four township schools in 1929, and they gave special spring concerts in all the schools.
Earl Barkman attended McKinley all eight years 1923-31 and played basketball. He was still able to wear his uniform for the historic replay of the 1931 Reiter-McKinley basketball game held by FCHS at Lakeview Park during the 1975 Round Barn Festival.
Earl remembered that the top room was hard to heat and on cold days the boys liked to sit around the heat register. The principal, Fred Van Duyne, would look at the thermometer on the wall each morning and decide if they should stay in the classroom or go to the basement where it was warmer. So the boys would get a piece of ice from outdoors and put it in the little cage at the base of the thermometer, thus making it look colder than it was. The ice would drip on the floor but Mr. Van Duyne never noticed and never caught on. Years later Earl told his daughter about it and she told Mr. Van Duyne. He just laughed and said, "Those little reacals." The school was heated by a coal-burning furnace and steam heat. It had no electricity.
McKinley School was condemned in 1930 but it was allowed to stay open one more year, much to the joy of the last class, the 8th graders of 1931, which included Earl Barkman, Josephine Thompson Krom, and Alvada Bick Rookstool.
Everyone carried lunch to school. Earl Barkman remembered that mothers sometimes took turns bringing lunch for the teacher and would sit with the teacher and eat together. For the last day of school in the spring they would have a big carry-in dinner. Boards were placed across the desks in the middle room and baskets of food were set out for all to share and enjoy.
PTA meetings were held monthly. Different classes would take turns utting on plays and singing programs.
Marjorie Hanson drove a bus to McKinley 1924-25. Her husband also drove some of the time. Marjorie and Garfield Hanson were the parents of Bob Caywood and Monie (Mrs. Bill) Myers.
Josephine Thompson Krom attended McKinley School 1923-24, moved to Woodrow, then back to McKinley 1929-31. She remembered Clarence Drudge as a bus driver in about 1930, and Robert Wagoner as janitor. Mr. Holmes and Lloyd Reese also drove buses. Clifford Koch was janitor in the early 1920's (1922-23) and he also subbed for the teachers. Ned Smith's father drove a bus and played ball with the kids. Mr. Walton drove his car to haul kids, his own and the neighbors. Josephine remembered that the school orchestra practiced in the little room (alcove) by the middle room. At noon the older boys rode in Mr. Van Duyne's car to practice basketball in an old church near-by. The young men of the neighborhood, such as Abe and George Krom, came to play too. The girls stayed in the classroom and played checkers and dominoes while the boys were gone.
The McKinley district included east of Old [US]-31 and two roads south of State Road 14. When McKinley closed, the students on the north side of Lake Manitou went to Reiter School, those south of Indiana 14 went to Woodrow School, and the rest went to Lincoln and Columbia Schools in Rochester.
Lorene Peterson Rauschke recalled that her mother, Eleonora Hanson, learned to speak English at McKinley School. She was Swedish, and even though she was born in America, her older brother Garfield Hanson and other brothers and sisters were born in Sweden and so Swedish was spoken at home. Lorene remembered a stile over the fence which the children used to go play in the field east of the school. They also played in the field south of the school. There was some lumber there and they played with it. There was a big tree in the school yard but no one was allowed to climb it. Teacher Maude Sturken was a young lady and had a romance with the young janitor, Bob Wagoner. They were married after school was out. Maude would have her whole room make taffy and candy sometimes using the stove in the Domestic Science room. The middle room went upstairs to the upper room (grades 7 and 8) for Christmas programs. PTA meetings were held in the upper room too. There were excited meetings when the school was condemned. The community hoped to have a new school built but instead the children were bussed to other schools. The trustee met the bus when it pulled up at Lincoln School and divided the children between Lincoln and Columbia, keeping families together. "You go to Lincoln, you Peterson girls go to Columbia," etc. The shy McKinley kids felt lonely when they arrived at Columbia and the kids all stared at them. But they soon adjusted and liked it. Town schol kids were allowed to run free and could go uptown at noon and enjoy a long noon hour, but that was soon stopped. However the McKinley kids soon made new friends and had them to visit overnight in their homes.
McKinley School was only 30 years old when it was closed, struck down in its youth, you might say. It wasn't fair. The building was in good shape. So why was it closed? Because the McKinley people wanted a gymnasium. It wasn't an unreasonable request. Billy Foster, the Rochester Township Trustee, wanted to build a gymnasium. Burton (built in 1911) and Woodrow (built in 1917) had gymnasiums built when the school was built. And Reiter, the pride of the township, had a beautiful gymnasium built along side, all on one floor. But when McKinley was built in 1901, gymnasiums were not being built with elementary schools. So why not add a gymnasium? There was room for one beside McKinley School. Because taxpayers objected to the added expense. A group of objectors, led by Dr. Milo King, wanted to close McKinley rather than go to the expense of adding a gymnasium, and that is what happened. This is the way it was remembered by Fred Van Duyne, the last principal at McKinley School. He said a man from the State (Dept. of Education or Dept. of Health?) came in the summer and tacked a sign on the door that said "THIS SCHOOL HAS BEEN CONDEMNED." It was condemned because of the chimney through the middle and because it had wood stairs, thus being in violation of the new state fire code.
Bricks from McKinley School were used to build the brick house on the north side of Indiana 14 east of Rochester a half mile east of the corner of 500E and the highway. The bell was taken to the Fulton United Brethren Church. The Rochester Sentinel Mar. 23, 1941, stated in a story about the church fire: "Half of the belfry fell in. A new bell was installed only three weeks ago. This bell was one which was used in the old McKinley school building northeast of Rochester for many years." The church was repaired and the bell is still there.
Today the McKinley Club, a woman's home extension club, still meets monthly, the only thing still called McKinley in Fulton County.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 73-90]

McKINLEY SCHOOL in 1912-1913
By Oneida Williams Robinson
I graduated from Rochester High School in 1911. In 1911-12 I taught in the Burton one-room school in the country, all eight grades. In 1912-13 I taught at McKinley and my future husband Henry Robinson was the principal. I taught first and second grades. In 1913-1914 I taught the third grade in the Rochester School.
In 1914 after school was out, my family and I moved to California. Henry Robinson came with us and we were married in California. We lived in Redlands, Calif., and he taught here 'till he was 65 when all teachers have to retire.
I remember we rode bicycles to McKinley until it started to snow; then we hired a buggy and horse and put them in a barn across from the school.
I have happy memories from McKinley School. The children were darling! I loved them all. One little incident I remember so well was one time I took a little boy home with me one night to stay and go back with me to school the next morning. I think his name was Donald Peeples. I am not too sure. Anyway he was fascinated with the electric light and he kept saying, "Teacher, can I turn on the licorise lights." He was a darling youngster and real smart.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 95-96]

McKINLEY SCHOOL in 1920's
By Lucy Oliver Kincaid
My first year of teaching was at McKinley School for the 1920-1921 term. It was 7-1/2 months long and I was paid $75.00 a month.
Vernon Miller was principal and taught grades 7-8; Bernice Eash - grades 1-2-3; Lucy Oliver - grades 4-5-6.
Alice Lowe (Mrs. Carl Newcomb) taught grades 4-5-6 for term of 1919-1920, the year preceding me.
Bernice Eash and I were transferred to Burton the next year (term of 1921-22). I taught there 3 years, then I was transferred back to McKinley 1924-1927.
Zula Barkman (Mable Barkman Blacketor's sister) taught grades 1-2-3 for one or two years; then Bernice Eash was transferred to McKinley. I'm not sure how long she was there but I believe she left the same year I did. Fred Blackburn was principal and taught grades 7-8, 1924-1927 at McKinley. He was elected tustee of Henry township and I believe resigned at beginning of 1927. As I recall, a teacher from over Akron way finished out his term.
I then taught at Akron grade school 4th grade for four years.
When I returned in 1924 to McKinley, Clifford Koch was the janitor for some of the time - perhaps all the time. I taught Domestic Science so on the days I taught that, he taught my children. I believe he later became a regular teacher but do not know where he taught.
There was no gym, but boys and girls had an outside basketball court where they played. We also played baseball, blackman, etc. There was a woods across a field north of the school where we (all grades) had weiner roasts and toasted marshmallows at noon hour sometimes, in nice weather. I believe each child brought their buns, weiners and marshmallows. On nice days, sometimes we would take our lunches back to the woods and eat them there. After lunch we played games until time to return to classes.
As to the lay out of the two-story school, as I recall 7-8 grades on top floor (westside), then down a short stairway to a hall and room 1-2-3. This was also on west side of building. There were only three classrooms. The hall by room 4-5-6 had a partition in it and one end (east) was used for Domestic Science room. I believe the manual training room was up on the floor with 7-8 grade room.
The restrooms were in the basement. There was a fire escape stairway at the back of the building leading up to the top floor.
Robert Wagoner was janitor 1929-30. Bus "hack" drivers were Vernon Barkman, Clarence Drudge, Ed Rush, and Earl Morrison.
To earn money at McKinley we had box socials, cake walks, and part of the time raffled off a turkey - when the box social came near Thanksgiving time.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp. 96-97]

RESIDENT RECALLS
1931 JUNIOR HIGH CAGE TOURNEY
By Shirley Willard
[Rochester Sentinel, Jan.31, 1975]
"One never-to-be-forgotten school activity at old McKinley school was the exciting basketball tournament in 1931 held in Whitmer Gymnasium," writes Fred Van Duyne, retired teacher and farmer at R.R. 1, Rochester.
Van Duyne is one of the contributors to the compilation of the history of Rochester Township schools, which is being conducted by the Fulton County Historical Society.
"The McKinley team, a dark horse, was matched against Seth Carpenter's highly touted and eventual winner, Reiter," Van Duyne continues. "The Reiter team had literally lived basketball since getting their new school and gym in 1924. Burton, with a new gym, was also to be contended with as was a good team from Woodrow.
"The McKinley team consisting of six boys, all with new gold and black suits with a big M on the front, was not considered much of a threat. The six suits had been purchased with money derived from a box social.
"Without a gym and with but one basketball, the team would practice three times a week in the abandoned old Liberty Church, three-quarters mile west and north of the school site. The structure was windowless and doorless; bales of straw were placed to keep out as much snow and cold as possible.
"How excited the six boys always were to climb in and on coach Van Duyne's Ford coupe for that short drive to the old church at noon for a 30-minute practice - long enough because it was usually too cold to stay longer.
"The McKinley team consisted of three sixth grade boys - Byron Carr, Ralph Madary and Devane Ballenger, and seventh and eighth grade boys - Virgil Parker, Bob Davidson, Chuck Kochenderfer and Earl Barkman. Earl was perhaps the best shot on the team as he possessed a basketball and practiced at home.
"With Devane "Babe" Felts, referee, tossing the ball up at center, it was a physical game all the way, Reiter, feeling that it would be a 'walk-away' playing the gymless McKinley team, was over confident and because of the aggressiveness of their opponents, really never did get going.
"Lindsey Ewen, Clurel Hunter, Bill Skidmore and George Cleland did the scoring for Reiter; Barkman, Davidson and Kochenderfer carried the load for McKinley. It was a see-saw battle all the way. McKinley's Parker could not be too aggressive since he had undergone surgery for appendicitis a few months earlier.
"With time running out and McKinley in the lead by one point, Skidmore, of Reiter, committed his fourth personal foul, which was the allotted number at that time. The scorekeeper, in the confusion, failed to inform the referee immediately. In the meantime, Skidmore drove down the floor and scored the winning basket. As the buzzer sounded, the scoreboard read: Reiter 18, McKinley 17.
"But to the six boys and a coach it was a moral victory for McKinley."
It was also the last game played by McKinley as the school was closed that summer and the pupils were divided among the other Rochester township schools. Van Duyne became principal at Reiter that fall.
This was the way Fred Van Duyne remembers the 1931 tourney, but Bill Skidmore, who now farms at R.R. 2, Rochester, and drives a school bus, does not recall having too many fouls.
Seth Carpenter, 12 Flora Drive, Peru, writes: "I don't recall too much except Reiter won. At Reiter we did more than play basketball. We started visual education by renting slides from Indiana University. Since Reiter was a farm community, our Ag' class tested seed corn each year for the farmers.
"Each spring the four Rochester Township schools held a track and field meet. John Bigler set a record in the pole vault and Lewis Cleland set a record in the broad jump. The Reiter girls had a good basketball team. The boys had a good baseball team."
Basketball suits were put away and we boys turned to 'shinny' for our noon hour pastime. Soon a casualty resulted when "Izzy" Smith was struck in the mouth with a 'shinny' club, being swung from the wrong side by an opponent. A hurried trip to Dr. King's office by Mr. Van Duyne for stitches in "Izzy's" upper lip. 'Shinny' clubs were voluntarily stored in the red shed the same day. We boys still feeling that we should redeem ourselves, then turned to practicing track, though it was cold, wet, and often muddy outside. Another casualty soon resulted when little Jack Bick, while attempting to pole vault on the frozen ground, fell, with a broken arm the result. This time a hurried trip to Dr. Stinson's office by Mr. Van Duyne.
"Persistence dominated and we boys continued to practice the pole vault, the jumps, dashes, and relays in the mud and cold while our school neighbors and friends in adjoining communities were enjoying the luxuries of their gymnasiums.
"It all paid off, though, when McKinley ran both the lower grade and Junior High at the Rochester Township Track and Field Meet at the city park during the last week of school.
"Then what a thrill it was, which climaxed the day, when all 16 school buses, loaded with tired and excited youngsters, the total enrollment of the Rochester TownshipSchools, paraded around the old race track before heading for home."
(Editor's note: The oval drive at Rochester City Park was the half-mile race track for horses when the County Fair was held in the park until about 1950.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 98-101]

McKINLEY BEAT REITER
After 44 years McKinley basketball players got revenge on Reiter July 13, 1975, in the conclusion of the Round Barn Festival. The game was sponsored by the Fulton County Historical Society.
And in 1931, The final score [in 1975] was either McKinley 17, Reiter 16 as announced by Charles Fellers on the loudspeaker, or McKinley 19, Reiter 16 according to Shirley Willard, scorekeeper. Either way, McKinley won.
This was especially appropriate because Reiter won the original 1931 junior high basketball tournament in a similar way. There was a discussion at the scorekeeper's bench at the end of the game. Bill Skidmore had made his fourth foul, which was the number allowed at that time, but went ahead and made another basket at the end of the game before the scorekeeper notified the referee. The officials decided to count the basket and Reiter won by one point.
Just like the original game, this night's replay was a physical see-saw battle all the way. In the very first action the ball went out of bounds and hit Fred Van Duyne, the McKinley coach, in the head. The first basket was made by Carl Stanley for Reiter.
Playing for Reiter were John Bigler, Carl Stanley, Ray Walters, Bill Skidmore, Fred Zellers, Lindsey Ewen, Jr. (standing in for his father, deceased player Lindsey Ewen Sr.) Don Smiley, Clurel Hunter and son, Bill Hunter.
Reiter coach, Seth Carpenter, was unable to attend.
McKinley players included Art Oldfather, Clifford Koch, Charles Kochenderfer, Bob Davidson, Earl Barkman, and Billy Parker standing in for his father, deceased player Virgil Parker.
As McKinley school closed in 1931 and Reiter continued until 1960, Reiter had younger players to use for substitutes. But tall Billy Parker evened things up by making three goals for McKinley.
Reiter scoring was made by Carl Stanley 2, Don Smiley 2, Lindsey Ewen Jr. 4, Ray Walters 2, Fred Zellers 2, and Bill Hunter 2.
McKinley baskets were tallied by Billy Parker 6, Earl Barkman 7 or 9, Charles Kochenderfer 2, and Clifford Koch 2, age 75.
During the last 20 seconds of the game, Skidmore fouled Barkman, who made a basket for the additional point just as the buzzer sounded. But some people will swear they heard Van Duyne tell the timekeeper to sound the buzzer quick and end the game.
More than once players in their late 50's were knocked to the ground. Several fouls were called by referee, Devane "Babe" Felts, who acted as referee in the original 1931 game. He announced the 1931 rules and tried to get a lop-sided basketball just like they often used then.
Bill Skidmore was knocked to the ground in one exciting play and when he got up, he said it hurt his "straddle." Always a show-off, Skidmore was practicing free throws before the game, wearing a long brown wig. He took off his sweat suit right before the crowd with a joke about accidentally pulling off his pants too. At one point Skidmore walked around the edge of the playing court and tried to convince the audience that there were really six Reiter players in the game at once.
The playing court was the roped-off blacktop in front of the Bicentennial Log Cabin. Only one basketbal goal was erected, securely fastened to a telehone pole set in the ground for the occasion by Bill Willard.
Complaints that the referee was a brother-in-law to McKinley player, Charles Kochenderfer, were countered by the charge that the timekeeper and scorekeeper, Bill and Shirley Willard, were related to Reiter player, Bill Skidmore.
Much fun was had by all with horse-play and accusations. A crowd of over 100 surrounded the playing court and cheered for any and all plays. Some made a point of yelling for McKinley because its team was the under dog and had no gym in which to practice.
Some of the crowd was posted to keep the basketball from going into the mill race. A rule was made that if the ball went into the mill race, the team that threw it in had to retrieve it.
McKinley alumni who signed the guest register were Cecil V. Moore 1931, Bill Severns 1921, Shorty Severns 1924, Mrs. Alvada (Bick) Rookstool 1931, Robert Davidson Sr., 1923-31, Josephine (Thompson) Krom 1931, and George Krom 1922.
Reiter alumni included Albert Flora of South Bend 1925-30, Howard Ewen 1928-29, Louise (Woodcox) Polk 1936, Annabel (Woodcox) Kincaid 1926, Paul Walters 1936, Harold Reese 1927, Lindsey Ewen Jr., 1950-58, and Bud Braman 1925, who played on Reiter's first basketball team.
Also from Reiter: Don Werner 1925-33, Gene Pickens 1936-45 of Louisville, Ohio, June Becker Miller 1936-37, Alan Calvert 1951-56, Ruth Smiley Tullis of Wabash, Kay Skidmore Myers 1952-58 of Ft. Wayne, Mike Williams 1951-56 of Akron, Marjory (Braman) Phillips 1925-31, Calvin Braman 1931-38, Ida Kathryn (Moore) Burwell, Melvin Hunter 1925-28, Nina Ysberg Herrell 1925-34, Martha Stretch Carlson 1929-37, Jim Bob Ewen 1959-57, Don Smiley 1926-33, Lester Gordon 1925-30, and Ralph "Jack" Curtis 1929-33.
Earl Barkman was the only one to wear his original uniform, which had been made by his mother. After the game Lindsey Ewen Jr. gave his Reiter shirt to the Fulton County Historical Society to place in the museum.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 22, pp 29-31]

STATE'S FIRST CONSOLIDATED
SCHOOL IS NOW BEING RAZED
(Rochester News-Sentinel Sept. 12, 1939)
Above depicted, according to the records of the old-timers, one views the gutted shell of what once was the "pride of Indiana's consolidated rural school system", the McKinley school house. This building, was in fact, the first consolidated school to be erected in the State of Indiana. The building is located on what is known as the Ft. Wayne road, approximately four and a half miles northeast of the City of Rochester, Ind.
This once outstanding, model rural school was purchased a few weeks ago by Rex V. Moore, farmer, residing east of this city for the sum of $417.50 and is now being razed. The salvage materials will be used for farm building purposes. The McKinley school ceased it's usefulness as an educational factor of it's community in the year 1930, it was stated.
ATTRACTED WIDE ATTENTION
The building was erected in the year 1901, and during the earlier days of its existence attracted the attention of school officials, trustees and legislators from vaious points in Indiana as well as those from adjacent states.
The McKinley school was built during the regime of Fulton County School Superintendent W. S. (Sherm) Gibbons, now deceased. Charlees Jackson was the trustee of Rochester township and the Township Advisory Board was comprised of Mr Jackson, Kelsey Richardson, James Babcock and Milton Wiley. These names appear on the cornerstone of the building. Of the above mentioned officials who were instrumental in bringing about this "educational test tube of rural schools" there remains but one survivor today, Mr. Kelsey Richardson, of this city.
ORIGINAL TEACHING STAFF
The school which was of a three class room structure, was opened late in the year of 1901 a few weeks before Christmas. The personnel of the teaching staff of Indiana's first consolidated rural school was Principal John Felder, now of Alaska; Fred Moore, of the Moore Realty Co., of this city and Miss Charlotte Palmer of Detroit and Rochester.
The new consolidated shool which embraced only the primary and elementary grades, replaced three out-moded, one-room frame rural schools which were known as the White Walnut, the Puckey Huddley and Little Egypt, all situated in that section of Rochester township.
Some of the families whose children patronized the McKinley school during its initial years were the Richardsons; the Moores; the Keeblers; the Holloways; the Stinsons; the Carrs; the Blackburns; the Barkmans and numerous others.
NO SCHOOL BUSES
In an interview with Fred Moore, who taught the intermediary grades of the old McKinley school, he stated there were no improved roads in those days and the youngsters came to school, afoot, via horse and buggy and in the dead of winter during the heavy snows, a few of the neighbors would take turns in bringing the children to school in mud-boats or bob sleds. A large shelter shed with a manger rack was maintained by the school for the pupils' horses and all the youngsters brought their dinner pails.
The building which was of two and a half-story brick structure had a full basement, a modern hot-air heating system; three large class rooms, lavatories and plumbing system, cloak rooms and a large storage room in the attic.
The dismantling work which is now in progress will perhaps require several more weeks, and as soon as all of the materials are removed the basement excavation will be filled to ground level by Mr. Moore, and thus, the last material vestige of Indiana's first consolidated rural school will become obliterated.
(Editor's Note: McKinley was the first rural consolidated school, but not the first consolidated school in Indiana. Also notice an error in this story: "no school buses" when the 1902 article stated Frank Rogers was hack driver.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 92-94]

CORNERSTONE BLOCKS FROM McKINLEY SCHOOL UNEARTHED
(The Sentinel, Rochester, Ind., Wednesday, March 29, 1972)
Two large sandstone cornerstone blocks from the old McKinley township consolidated school have been added to the historical artifact collection at the Fulton County Historical Society's Museum (Rochester Depot).
They were uncovered recently from the old school site where they had been half buried since the building was torn down 32 years ago. The school was located at a curve in the Fort Wayne road 4-1/2 miles east of Rochester. The land is owned by Dr. Dean K. Stinson.
Erected in 1901, McKinley bore the reputation of being the first consolidated school in the state. It marked the end of the use of one room schools in that area. It is assumed that the building was named after William McKinley who was president at that time.
One cornerstone has the following carved on its face:

ROCHESTER TOWNSHIP
CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS
J. F. Ault Arcitect
King & Pontious
Builders
The second stone bears the inscription:
W. S. Gibbons - Superintendent
C. Jackson - Tp. Trustee
M. Wylie
J. Babcock
K. Richardson,
Advisory Board
It will be noted that the word "Arcitect" is misspelled, indicating that the stone mason probably cut the word as it is properly pronounced.
The excavation work and transportation of the corner stones was done by a crew from the Rochester Telephone company.
At the time the school was erected at a cost of $8,000, Rochester Normal university had an enrollment of 600, whose students did their practice teaching at McKinley.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 94-95]
__________

Bessie McKee, now Mrs. H. B. Shepherd of Phoenix, Ariz., wrote:
"In 1916-19 I taught at the McKinley School where Fred Deardorff was principal. Anna Myers McVay and I drove a horse and buggy. My grades were 3-4-5 and they were all such nice children."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 58, p 29]
McKINLEY TEACHERS
1901-02: John W. Felder 7-8, Fred Moore 4-5-6, Lotta Mackey (Charlotte Palmer)
1-2-3
1902-03: Charles Gibbons 7-8, Fred Moore 4-5-6, Trella Harter 1-2-3
1903-04: Earl Beery 7-8, Fred Moore 4-5-6, Sue I. Sibert 1-2-3
1904-05: Fred Richardson 7-8, Stanley Stinson 4-5-6, Ida Jewel 1-2-3
1905-06: Wm. W. Zimmerman 7-8, Kline Richardson 4-5-6, Mabel Rees 1-2-3
1906-07: Kline Richardson 6-7-8, Lon Carr 3-4-5, Mabel Rees 1-2
1907-08: Kline Richardson 6-7-8, Lon Carr 3-4-5, Elba Murphy 1-2
1908-09: Kline Richardson 6-7-8, Lon Carr 3-4-5, Run [?] Tracey 1-2
1909-10: Vern Miller 6-7-8, Bessie McIntire 3-4-5 Ruth Tracey 1-2
1910-11: Fred Deardorff 6-7-8, Bessie McIntire 3-4-5, Ruth Tracey 1-2
1911-12: Lon Carr 6-7-8, Bessie McIntire 3-4-5, Ruth Tracey 1-2
1912-13: Henry Robinson 6-7-8, Blanche Smith 3-4-5, Oneida Williams 1-2
1913-14: John DuBois 6-7-8, Eula Ewing 3-4-5, Fern Wright 1-2
1914-15: John DuBois 6-7-8, Eula Ewing 3-4-5, Ruth Whittenberger 1-2
1915-16: Fred Deardorff 6-7-8, Eula Ewing 3-4-5, Anna Myers 1-2
1916-17: Fred Deardorff 6-7-8, Bess McKee 3-4-5, Anna Myers 1-2
1917-18: Fred Deardorff 6-7-8, Bess McKee 3-4-5, Anna Myers 1-2
1918-19: Sam Dewey Mow 6-7-8, Bess McKee 3-4-5, Anna Myers 1-2
1919-20: Melvin Swihart (got sick), Earl Beehler, Ray Shelton 7-8, Alice Lowe
4-5-6, Mildred Leonard 1-2-3
1920-21: Vern Miller 7-8, Lucy Oliver 4-5-6, Bernice Eash 1-2-3
1921-22: Seth Carpenter 7-8, Mary Krom 4-5-6, Ruth Peoples 1-2-3
1922-23: Seth Carpenter 7-8, Mary Krom 4-5-6, Margaret Wilson 1-2-3
1923-24: Fred Blackburn 7-8, Mary Krom 4-5-6, Margaret Wilson 1-2-3
1924-25: Fred Blackburn 7-8, Lucy Oliver 4-5-6, Zulah Barkman 1-2-3
1925-26: Fred Blackburn 7-8, Luch Oliver 4-5-6, Bernice Eash 1-2-3
1926-27: Fred Blackburn 7-8, Lucy Oliver 4-5-6, Bernice Eash 1-2-3
1927-28: Fred Van Duyne 7-8, Odessa Greer 4-5-6, Evadean Halterman 1-2-3
1928-29: Fred Van Duyne 7-8, Dolly Miller 4-5-6, Annabelle Viers 1-2-3
1929-30: Enrol. (1-8) 67. 8 mos. Fred Van Duyne, 7- 8; Maude Sturken, 4-5-6;
Annabelle Viers, 1-2-3.
1930-31: (Com. 1-8) 78. Fred Van Duyne, 7-8; Maude Sturken, 4-5-6; Annabelle
Viers, 1-2-3.
1931-32: (Com. 1-8) (Discontinued 1932-33)
Fred Deardorff taught manual training (industrial arts) 1915-16, the first this was ever taught in Rochester Township.
Domestic Science (home economics) teachers taught cooking and sewing to the 7th and 8th grade girls: Anna Myers 1915-16, Alice Lowe 1919-20, Lucy Oliver 1920-21, Mary Krom 1921-24, Lucy Oliver 1924-26, Evadean Halterman & Odessa Greer 1927-28.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 62-63, pp 102-104; also FCHS files]

Teachers: Alice Lowe Newcomb; Seth Carpenter, grades 7 and 8 and was principal, 1921-23; Lucy Vernice Oliver; Ruth Tracy Richardson, 1908-11; Kline Richardson, principal, 1905-09; Lotta Mackey in 1901; Fred Moore in 1901, Trella Harter in 1901; W. S. Gibbons; Fred Richardson, 1904-05; Ray Isaac Shelton, 7th & 8th, spring term 1920; Fred Van Duyne, 7th & 8th, 1927-31

MEYERS SCHOOL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located in Section 32

MILLARK SCHOOL [#9] [Henry Township]
Located at Millark, Indiana, NW corner 650E and 340S.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1876 and 1883
Another school, NE corner 650E and 340S.
Built between 1876 and 1883; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Dawn Read, teacher of Millark School 1912-13.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, p. 44]

[photo] Millark School 1896-97. Front row: Roscoe Burkett, [ - - - - ] Collins, Fred Smith, Charles Collins, [ - - - - ] Burkett, Frank Calentine, Orville Zimmerman. Row 2: Willis Zimmerman, Ozro Wolfe, [ - - - -] Wolfe, Leuella Collins, Amy Smith, [ - - - - ] Calentine, Harry Masteller, Jessie Shriver, Cliff Stinson. Row 3: Irven Miller, Bert Smith, Laura Newell, Orpha Masteller, Glen Johnson, Ray Newell, Frances Collins. Center back: Etta Powell - teacher.(Photo: Florence Miller)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, p. 52]
[photo] Millark School - March 22, 1903. Back Row: Edith McIntyre, Ethel Bemenderfer, Eva Siddell, Mertie Sowers. Middle Row: Harry Sowers, Charles Collins, Arthur Buise, Manford Newell, Roscoe Collins, Edith Guise. Front Row: Fred Rowe - teacher, Lonnie Zimmerman, Arthur Netcher, Estel Bemenderfer, Roy Collins, Walter Bemenderfer, [ ---- ] Ritter, [ ---- ] Ritter, Ira Baker.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, p. 13]

[photo] Millark School 1910. Roy Collins, Forest Ritter. Row 2: (four girls in center): Ruth Bowen, Alta Chatman, Ethel Miller Pratt, Mable Wines Clingenpeel. Row 3: Ernie Carter, Roy McGinnis, Estel Bemenderfer, Gertie Carter, Retha Wines, Mary Noftsger - teacher, Mary Ritter, Sylvia McGinnis, John Ware, Walter Bemenderfer. (Photo: Ruth Bowen)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, p. 53]

[photo] Millark School 1923-24, Kenneth Oliver - teacher. This souvenir booklet lists the following pupils: 8th grade: Mary Ramsey, Mamie Linebrink. 6th grade: Alice Linebrink, Worth Wildermuth, Hugh Wildermuth. 5th grade: Doris Bowen, Lenden Clingenpeel, Annabel Shriver, Robert Clingenpeel, Ray Linebrink, Kermit Ramsey. 3rd grade: Irene Linebrink, Lois Bowen, Elsie Ramsey, Paul Bowen, Samuel Burkett. School Board: George F Kinder Trustee; Roy Jones, Township Supt.; Thomas F. Berry, County Supt. (Photo: Paul Bowen)
[FCHS Quartrly No. 41, p. 55]

DISTRICT 9 - MILLARK SCHOOL
By Velma Bright
Millark School was located about four and one-half miles west and three and one-half miles south of Akron. At one time the building was located one mile east of this site. Mrs. Mary Krous tells that her grandmother told her that she crossed the Mill Pond over the ice to attend school and this would place the school at yet a different site. It was located in the southwest corner of Henry Township. This school was in use in 1876 and the building was condemned in 1927 and was no longer used. In 1894 the new brick school was built and Emma Nicodemus was the first eacher in the new building. Her daughtr Ruth Bowen was the last teacher during the 1927-27 year.

THREE HENRY TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
By Ruth Bowen
At the close of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in the southwestern part of Henry Township stood three fairly new, brick, large one-room schools: namely Millark, Antioch, and Sugar Grove. Sugar Grove was perhaps the best planned and constructed of the three. It had a beautiful stone wall as a foundation. It had a basement in which was a furnace and a pump. Antioch had a pump on the school grounds while Millark had no water supply on the school property.
Sugar Grove was located at the intersection of what is now county roads 800E and 250S on the southeast corner. Antioch was on road 700E half way between 250S and 150S. Millark was on county road 350S at the south end of 650E.
Each school was equipped with a belfry containing a bell, the ring of which could be heard throughout the community. Each school had a fairly large playground. Back of the school building on each side of the playground stood two wood buildings answering for rest rooms. The one on the right was for the girls and the one on the left was the boys'. On each side of the entrance to the school building was a cloakroom. The one on the right was the girls' and the one on the left was the boys'. Sugar Grove's and Antioch's cloakrooms had a window and were well lighted while Millark's were narrow and dark.
Millark School faced the north. There were four tall windows on each side of the building. Each window was covered on the outside with wire mesh which protected it from balls. Inside each window was fitted with a window shade attached by a rope to a small pulley at center top for proper adjustment of sunlight.
Cloakrooms were about 4x8 feet with entrance door near a window in the outside wall. Shelves for lunchboxes, the full width of the cloakroom, were at the far end. Two rows of long three-inch boards, with hooks for children's clothing, ran the full length of the room on both sides. The upper row was for the big kids' clothes while the lower was for the little kids'.
To the west of the boys' cloakroom entrance stood a table on which was a 10 or 12-quart bucket with a long handled dipper, out of which everyone drank. A washbasin and soap was there, too. On the wall was a towl rack on which hung a linen towel, when there was a towel. The teacher was responsible for its laundry. Sometime near 1911 or 1912 the water bucket gave way to a large stone jar with a faucet in its side and each child having his own tincup. About this time paper towels and toilet paper came in. Previously the contents of the wastebasket was used or maybe someone brought old newspapers or a catalogue for the restrooms.
In the center of the room stood a tall Round Oak stove. Under it were a stove poker, a shaker, and a fireshovel. Near by was a partial cord of wood carried in by teacher and pupils.
On each side of the stove, beginning in the back and running about 2/3 of the way down were two rows of seats facing south. The two rows on the west were for the big kids while the two rows on the east were smaller and for the little kids. In the center of the room south of the stove were two long recitation seats with their backs together. In front of the one facing south was the teacher's desk and chair. A blackboard ran the full length of the south wall. Maps and mapcases were here too. Several pictures hung on the side walls. A pump organ stood next to the west wall while a supply cupboard that kids didn't bother hung on the wall in the southwest corner.
The bookcase, the contents of which was purchased by Box Social proceeds, stood in the southeast corner of the room. A little brown book, The Three Bears, was the most popular of all books. Most kids read and reread it. Little Girl and Phillip was my favorite because the pictures were beautiful and its story told of Little Girl's Holly-Hock playhouse. From the contents of this bookcase, my mother, on long winter evenings gathered our family about her and read aloud such books as Five Little Peppers and Uncle Tom's Cabin. Gene Stratton Porter's works were so interesting to me that I snitched on school time and received reprimands from both teacher and parent. At that time the contents of this bookcase was the library for both home and school.
Free-time included 15 minutes for morning recess, one hour noon, and 15 minutes for afternoon recess. Noon lunches were swallowed; ball glove, bat, and ball in hand and all were out and at it. When ball was not the go, many other games such as "Rabbit," "Antiover the schoolhouse," "New York," "Dare Base," "Blackman," and "Go-Sheepy-Go" were played. The big boys sometimes played Shinny with sticks and a tin can. In the autumn when the leaves had fallen from the oak and hickory trees back of the schoolhouse the little girls pushed them up into walls for playhouses. About the time your house was ready to play in, the boys came along knocking the walls helterskelter.
"Rabbit" was the old standby game. Everyone bunched up on the schoolhouse steps. "It" threw the ball up and counted to ten and everyone ran around the schoolhouse. All "It" touched with the ball helped him catch the rest next time around. The last one caught was "It" for the next time. One time part of the group ran one way while the other group ran the other. Philip Dewey ran into me, knocking me down near a wedge of a large rock sticking about six inches out of the ground in back of the school. Mary Ritter picked me up and helped me into the schoolroom. There was no nurse to be sent to, not even a telephone to call a parent. I lay on a long bench in the back of the room until school was dismissed and walked home with the rest of the kids. I stayed home the next couple of days taking care of the bump on my head.
Millark usually used the first 15 minutes of school time for opening exercises. Whoever could, played the organ and we sang such songs as "Old Black Joe," "Polly-Wolly-Doodle," "Annie Laurie," "In the Gloaming," "My Old Kentucky Home," and "America." Or sometimes the teacher read from a good book, from the Bible, or a Bible story. The first hour of school time was not spent taking lunch money and keeping records.
Friday afternoons after the last recess, we had what we called the afternoon off. There was a "Spell Down," a "Ciphering Match," a "Map Contest" or maybe "Charades."
In those days teacher was janitor too. In the 1890's Ema Nicodemus walked 2-1/2 miles to school, carried her own kindling, kbuilt her own fires, and taught school. In the 1920's a teacher at Sugar Grove paid a neighbor $4 a month to take care of the furnace.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 43-49]

THE COUNTRY SCHOOL - MILLARK
By Paul Bowen, Dec. 21, 1931
The school that I first attended was a country school which was built at the end of a T road in 1894. The school house was a single-roomed building, with an exception of the two cloak rooms which occupied but a small portion of the building. They were at the back of the main room, one in each corner. The entrance to the building was between the two cloak rooms. The stove was located in the center of the room with desks on both sides. An aisle ran through the center of the room to the stove and on to the blackboard. There was also an aisle on each side of the main room.
The school room contained a teacher's desk, a clock, a bookcase which contained a few books; most of them being badly worn, also there was a Webster dictionary, an organ and a few other articles which helped to make a school room complete.
All eight grades enrolled at the school which made a total of 25 or 30 on some years. None of the classes were exceedingly large, therefore each student was more reliable for his or her own lesson than students of today are. One year there were only two in my class and on some days I would be the only one in the class. On some years a grade or so would be missing, leaving only five or six grades to the school; but on these years more time was devoted to the other classes.
Considering the games which were played at the country school, we find that there were many. In the fall and spring of the year the boys and girls played rabbit, dare base, baseball and many other games. In the winter we find them sliding down hill, going skating and playing fox and goose. In the fall of the year it was very common for the boys and girls to go to the woods, which was only a few rods back of the school building, and gather hickory nuts and flowers. Many a student has been caught cracking nuts in time of school and of course have taken the penalty.
During the winter when the weather was too bad to play out of doors the time was spent inside playing various kinds of games.
Lessons were taught differently in those days than they are now. Once I saw a teacher teach youngsters to count by counting numbers on shingles and if the boy or girl failed to remember the number, he or she was paddled the number of times as the number read on the shingle. Another teacher would set the little fellows upon the window sill if they failed to have their lessons.This often caused them to become sick and also arouse much anger against the teacher by the parents.
In a school of this kind one would spend about 15 minutes in each recitation period. One would also have to study while the other classes were reciting. This of course caused lots of confusion but it was to their best advantage. Each Friday afternoon the pupils had the last period of the day off to play some educational games. These games consisted of geography school, ciphering, charades, spelling for head marks and many other games which were considered as being a benefit to the students.
At the beginning of each term of school there was usually a large pile of wood at the side of the schoolhouse to be used for fuel for the coming winter. However, the wood did not stay in piles long after school started for the boys built small square houses out of it. The houses were covered with sticks and branches or rails and then covered with leaves. The pens seemed to be excellent places for the boys to eat their dinner, even in the cold weather. As the winter would get colder they would carry the wood in the school house and cord it in front of the stove. The idea of the boys was to get the wood corded high enough so that the teacher could not see over it during the school hours. This, however, was not so successful because the wood often fell down with thundering crashes and caused too much disturbance among the pupils. On Halloween night the door way was always corded full.
Christmas time was a great event to the school for each year they prepared a program which would be given before the people of the community at the school building on the last day of the first semester. Also each year an evergreen tree was set up in a corner to be loaded with gifts from and to the various students at the end of the program. One year as the program was about to come to a close, a faint jingling of bells could be heard in the distance. Later it became very distinct and finally stopped in front of the schoolhouse. A rap at the door was heard and then the door was opened and in came Santa Claus with a basket of popcorn, a basket of candy, a basket of oranges and other things which he passed to all who were in the house. That Christmas seemed to be enjoyed more than any othr Christmas that I can remember.
It was always customary during the first semester for the school to have a box social. The one which for me can be remembered best was the one that the school had when I was in the fourth grade. I remember very distinctly how hard the students worked trying to sell everything possible just to make a little money to buy a few articles for the school. For instance they had a fishing pond with everything imaginable in it. They had a stand from which candy, popcorn, apples and many other similar articles were sold. A glass can full of corn was passed around through the audience for the number of grains to be guessed on. After the social the closest guesser was given a prize. At another stand the different kinds of soups were sold. They also had many cakes and pies which were handed out to the lucky persons after the cake and pie walks were over. Also boxes of various kinds were prepared by the older girls and sold. A cake with money baked in it would be cut and sold by the piece.
From the money which was made, the school purchased its first phonograph, also a basketball, a baseball and a bat. The articles which could be purchased in this manner were few; however, what things that were purchased were appreciated and also meant much to the boys and girls of the school.
Another common event at the school was the debate. Many a subject has been debated upon in the little old brick schoolhouse of which most of them were of interest to the people of the community. The subjects for the debates were decided upon at the previous debate. Ordinarily there would be three speakers for each side and also three judges to decide who the winning team would be. Now I might mention as to how the building was lighted at the debates. The different families would bring their kerosene lanterns which lighted the building vaguely, but they answered the purpose.
During the thawing months when it was too muddy to play out of doors, the pupils kept their sandles (rubbers) lined up along the walls in front of the cloak rooms; the boys having one side and the girls the other. Through these months, as it was too muddy to be outside, the little fellows were contented by sailing paper airplanes and making paper boats, while the older ones played other games if they chose to do so.
On some evenings after we had marched to the cloak rooms and gotten wraps and then having marched out of doors, we would often find our fathers waiting for us in their buggies or bob-sleds.
On some days it was very cloudy and stormy. At times it would become so dark during a stormy day that the pupils would have to stop studying and would have to pass the time away the best they knew. On other days when the teacher was behind with his work he would assign the job of teaching some of the smaller classes to some student who had already gotten his own lesson. Once a few boys went searching in the old attic to find whatever was to be found. It was really a surprise to them when they found some old Sunday School quarterlies. They investigated the matter and found that at one time people had held Sunday School and church at this same schoolhouse.
Nearly every year a man would come around taking pictures and, of course, each year the picture of the school was taken, even once while boys and girls were craming for their examination; evidently the picture was a very interesting one.
In the spring after the ice on the pond was nearly gone, the frogs began to sing, the moss on the banks of the pond began turning its dark green, the trees bagan to bud and everything turned toward lovely spring. Many a time have the boys come to the schoolhouse with wet feet from having broken through the thin rubbery ice. Also many a turtle has been set on the top of a fence post to paddle away for a day or so getting no place.
Again at the end of the semester a program would be given. This time the program being given at the close of the second semester, a big dinner would also take place at the schoolhouse, after which the boys and girls turned to face their summer vacation.
Now that these days cannot last forever, I longingly say that there has never been happier days. Today we can ride past and see the schoolhouses in utter ruin, the windows are broken out, the doors torn from the hinges and the buildings are fenced in with the larger fields. Only the vague memory remains.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, pp 51-56]

MILLARK SCHOOL
By Lon Zimmerman
I was born and lived about one-fourth of a mile west of Millark until we moved to Mt. Zion where there was a mill then owned and operated by Jerry Anglemyer.
After living with my father who died when I was nine years of age (my mother died when I was four) I made my home with Jerome Johnson on a farm north of Millark. The grist mill and saw mill were both in operation for years after. I can't remember the exact dates.
The old log dam gave way one night, possibly the year 1903, which was replaced by a cement dam. Abe Bowers of Rochester built that one and it possibly is the present one.
Millark had eight residences, a grocery store and a blacksmith shop in the early 1890's. Some of the teachers that I knew were Charles Slifer, Emma (Bowen) Nicodemus, Fred Rowe, Floyd Neff, Densie Oliver, Dawn Read, Augustus Oliver.
The old school was used as a gathering place in the community for debates, spelling bees, etc.
(Editor's note: Millark School was located on the south side of the T formed by county roads 650E and 350S. It is still standing today and is owned by C & D Greenhouse. This is about a quarter of a mile northeast of Millark Mill.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 41, p. 56]

BALL, MILLARK, SUGAR GROVE & HAUN SCHOOLS
By Loyd Swick
When I was 21 years old I first taught school at a log schoolhouse called Bunker located 40 miles north of Hannah, Wyoming. The next year I came back to Fulton County, Ind., to teach at Millark school 1924-25. I bought a new 1924 Ford Roadster for $365 and drove it to Millark and to teach at Sugar Grove the next year 1925-26. Then I bought a new Chevy to drive to Haun school 1926-27. My salary was $100 a month for eight months teaching. Teachers were observed by the county superintendent and graded on their teaching. The higher the grade, the higher pay. While teaching at Millark, I put a Perfection kerosene stove in one corner and taught home economics to the bigger girls. This was curtained off. The stove was a two or three burner which stood on its own legs but had no oven. I also furnished the food for teaching this subject. Sometimes the girls would fix cocoa or hot soup for the whole school (about 15 children) and it was like a hot lunch program before hot lunch programs were thought of. The County Superintendent, Thomas Berry, came on the day they were making cocoa for the school and he was impressed and gave me a higher success grade for teaching. The girls were Alice Linebrink (Swope), Doris Bowen, and Annabel Shriver.
The superintendent gave the grade but the township trustee gave the salary. There was no salary schedule then, but they must have had some method for deciding how much to pay each teacher partially based on their teaching grade.
When I taught at Sugar Grove, we played basketball against Millark, taught by a friend of mine, Frank Funk.
Haun school had a hack, but Millark and Sugar Grove did not.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 42, pp 41-42]
__________

Millark School Report . . . . Samuel S. Tracy, Teacher. Millark, Dec. 31, 1869.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, January 14, 1870]

Close of the Mill Ark School [Term]. Saturday, February 26th, we witnessed the closing of the school at Mill Ark, which has been conducted by Mr. S. S. Tracy, of Miami County. . . [account of the program] . . . The teacher then announced the exercises of school closed, and called on several citizens for speeches. The following persons responded: Mr. Thos. McClary, Abel Bowers, Peter Slosser, Young McCleary of the Rochester Graded School, and several others, all expressing their delight at the success of the school. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, March 4, 1870]

J. W. Heffley will teach the young ideas how to shoot, at Mill Ark, this winter.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 4, 1873]
Miss Ella Wilhelm is training the young ideas at Millark, and Miss Laura Shields presides gracefully at Mount Zion.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 16, 1874]

Mr. Dixon of Argos preached at the Millark school house on Saturday and Sunday last. He will preach his farewell sermon at the Antioch school house on the second Sunday in July.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, June 18, 1874]

Abe Bowers will teach at Millark, John Rouch at Prill's and John Davidson at Bloomingsburg.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 3, 1876]

Charley Plank will "teach the young ideas" where, when and how to shoot at the Saw Mill School; Curg. Rannells swings the birch at Mt. Zion; Ches. Chinn manipulates the rod away down in Wayne; Frank Dawson will "walk their chunk" at Prairie Union -- and Able Bowers will introduce the apple-eating system at Millark.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 25, 1876]

A. F. Bowers has charge of School No. 9, Henry township, better known as Millark School. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 30, 1876]
__________

Teachers:
1869-70: S. S. Tracy
1873-74: J. W. Heffley
1874: Ella Wilhelm
1874-75: Mr. Dixon
1876-77: Abel F. Bowers
1894-97: Emma Nicodemus
1897-98: George F. Kinder
1898-99: Hattie Runkle
1899-00: Nettie Runkle
1900-01: Nettie Runkle
1901-02: Lessie Moore
1902-03: Charles Slifer
1903-04: Fred Rowe
1904-05: [not listed by school]
1905-06: [not listed by school]
1906-07: Vern Miller
1907-08: --------- [sic]
1908-09: Floyd R. Neff
1909-10: Mary E. Noftsger
1910-11: Reece Augustus (Gus) Oliver
1911-12: Orville Moore
1912-13: Dawn Read
1913-14: Millark pupils were bussed to Antioch this one year.
1914-16: Edgar Runkle
1916-17: Clarice Ratliff
1917-18: Vern Miller
1918-19: Ellis Clark Powell
1919-20: Frank Dieman
1921-22: Glenn Wilhoit
1922-23: Frank Dielman
1923-24: Kenneth Oliver
1924-25: Loyd Swick
1925-26: Frank Funk
1926-27: Ruth Bowen
[FCHS files; FCHS Quarterly No. 41, p. 46]

PARTIAL LIST OF TEACHERS, DISTRICT 9, MILLARK SCHOOL
Ruth Bowen, Vern Miller, Lessie Moore, Orville Moore, Gus Oliver, Kenneth Oliver, [ - - - - ] Ratliff, Dawn Reed, Fred Rowe, Edgar Runkle, Nettie Runkle, Charles Slifer, Loyd Swick, Mildred Weller, Glen Wilhoit.
[FCHS Quarterly Vol. 6, August, 1969, No. 1, p 22]

MILLARK SCHOOL BUILDING CONDEMNED, UNSANITARY
Dr. George Edgar Hoffman, county health officer, Saturday notified Fred Blackburn, trustee of Henry Township, that the state board of health had condemned the Millark school building as unsanitary. The Millark school is one of the oldest school buildings in the county and is one of the last one room structures.
The report received by Dr. Hoffman from the state board states that the school is too small to warrant repairs which would consist of a new door, plastering, flooring, sidewalks, and pump, and heating apparatus. The unsanitary condition of the outside toilets was also roundly scored.
After receiving the order Trustee Blackburn stated that he would transfer the Millark scholars to the Athens school. Last winter 12 students received instruction at the Millark school. Glen Swick of Beaver Dam was the instructor.

[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, July 30, 1927]

MILLER'S SCHOOL [ - - - - ]
[QUERY: Is this Summit School? -WCT]
Our school commenced this week under the supervision of L. Noyer. Maggie Davis teaches at Staten and Billy Strong at Miller's school house.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 22, 1876]

SCHOOLS - MOGLE SCHOOL [Wayne Township]
Mr. H. D. Howell is learning the old and young ideas how to shoot in the right direction in the Mogle distridct in Wayne township. His school commenced on the 2d inst.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 6, 1878]

MONGER SCHOOL [Wayne Township]
See: Munger School

GETS SCHOOL HOUSE CONTRACT
Contractor Stephen Parcel of this city, has another school house contract, according to the Kewanna Herald's story, which reads as follows:
When Trustee Bybee rolled up his sleeves Saturday p.m. and prepared to receive and open bids for the construction of the new Monger school building, he found only one bid on file, that of Stephen Parcel, of Rochester. It was air tight, regular and acceptable in the sum of $3,400 and according to the contract was awarded to him without fuss or feathers, compunction or procrastination, which translated means that the people of Monger district will have one of the most modern buildings in the county in time for roll call this fall.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 11, 1913]

MONTEREY SCHOOL [Monterey, Pulaski County]
Monterey Sun.
The new Monterey school building will be completed tomorrow. The time set for the completion of the building by Contractor Gast, of Akron, was on Tuesday of this week. Within a few days Trustee Keller will have the seats placed in position, and after the holiday vacation the school will open in the new and modern building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 24, 1904]

WORK RESUMED ON NEW MONTEREY SCHOOL HOUSE
Work was resumed this week on the new Monterey school building, delayed since last fall because of failure to sell the bonds. The required sale has now been practically completed, and there are hopes that the new structure may be ready for use not later than the first of the year, and perhaps earlier.
The walls had been raised as far as the top of the first story when work stopped, and most of the cement work on the second floor had been completed. Workmen are now removing forms that had been left in place.
When it became apparent last summer that the building could not be put in use by fall, a temporary wooden structure was erected in the east part of town. This has recently been condemned by the state department of health, but it is understood that permission to use it during the first part of the coming term was assured in the event that active work on the new building should be carried forward.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 28, 1933]

MOON SCHOOL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
As there was no Baptist Church [in Kewanna, then called Pinhook] we went once a month to the old Moon school where Rev. James Babcock preached. Rode horseback, both riding one horse; it was five miles northeast of here..
[Bennett Hudkins Family, Byron E. Hudkins, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

. . . Miss Lizzie McGraw is engaged to teach at the Moon School House, five miles northeast of Kewanna.
[Kewanna Items, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, April 7, 1871]

MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL [#10] [Union Township]
Also called Slick School.
Located SW corner of 950W and 50S.
Built between 1876 and 1883; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.

__________

[photo] Mt. Carmel School 1907-08. Front Row: Lizzie Mullencoup, Mike Sheridan, Arthur Carr, Madge House, Ada Hott, Bessie Walters, Grace Hottt, Alegra Ward, Mabel Engle, Mona House. Back Row: Omer Hott, Agnes Carr, Alta Carr, Howard Conn - teacher, Gertrude Wiseley, Edith Hott, Pearl Walters, Monzela Ward, Marie Wiseley. (Photo: Marie Wiseley Messman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 45]

[photo] Front cover and center page of 1910-11 Mt. Carmel School souvenir booklet given by teacher Mildred Sparks to pupil Mike Sheridan. Mike was Lorena's first husband. (Photo: Lorena Starr Sheridan Johnson)
[photo] Mt. Carmel School District No. 10 Union Township, Fulton Co., Ind. Mildred Sparks Teacher. Pupils: PRIMER: Elba Hott, Essel Zellars, Elding Clayburn, Milo Hott. FIRST YEAR: Louise McCay. SECOND YEAR: Lucille Anderson, Meda Pratt, Freda Pratt, Marie Klaiber. THIRD YEAR: Venus Engle, Russell Pratt, Grace Hott, Mabel Engle, Carrie McCay. FOURTH YEAR: Michael Sheridan, Roxie Pratt, Bessie Rinker, Allegra Ward. FIFTH YEAR: Ada Hott. SIXTH YEAR: Madge House, Homer Pratt, Omer Hott, James McCay. SEVENTH YEAR: Mona House, Pearl Rinker, Edith Hott, Marie Wiseley, Menzella Ward. H. L. Becker, Supt. J. L. Bybee, Trustee, Harry Moon, Director.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp. 46-47]

[photo] Mt. Carmel School 1911. This one-room school was located two miles north of Kewanna on the southwest corner of 50S and 900W. Front Row: Essel Zellers, Elba Hott, Milo Hott, Wilda Walters, Lucille Anderson. Row 2: Madge House, Venus Engle, Mike Sheridan, Mabel Engle, Grace Hott. Row 3: Mona House, Ada Hott, Omer Hott, Marie Wiseley, Edith Hott, Mildred Sparks - teacher. (Photo: Marie Wiseley Messman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, p. 48]

Mt. CARMEL or SLICK SCHOOL
By Gertrude Wiseley Lamborn
To me it was known as Mt. Carmel; maybe some had known it or called it the Slick School because of Joe Slick (Jessie and Etta Teeter's grandfather) gave the ground for the school to be built on. It was about two miles north of Kewanna in the corner of a field. It had a lot uf sumac in the corner of the yard. We smaller girls would gather small rocks to separate rooms for a play house. The yard was big enough to play ball, tag, drop the handkerchief and in the winter time fox and Goose. There was a porch clear across the east side of the school. One end was much higher off the ground so we woudl run the length of the porch and see who could jump the farthest. Also sometimes in the wintertime the teacher would let us play blind fold inside or toss the bean bag. We carried water in a big bucket from the closest house about a quarter of a mile and all drank out of the same tin cup. This school house had a rock foundation with a wooden building, two blackboards across the west side, a row of single seats along the windows then a row of double seats next, and some small double seats in the middle for the smaller children. The classes would go to the front to recite.
Just before Christmas the older boys would try to lock a man teacher out 'till he would promise to treat. As I remember we had one carry in dinner - the last day of school. I think there had been others.
My folks moved to Fulton County in 1889 and I have no knowledge of any other school. I do know my sister Effie graduated from there from the eighth grade in 1899. I talked to my brother Clifford as he was older, also Marie as she was younger.
The school house burned down the fall of 1912 just a while after school started. We never had bus service - everyone walked. I remember my dad coming after us if weather was too bad a few times. The teacher also walked. Most lived in Kewanna. The year Blanche Baldwin taught, she roomed at our house.
Teachers of Mt. Carmel School: Rose Carnahan, Olie Zook, Alvis Blessing, Fred Russell (my first teacher) 1900-01; Alva Patty, John Lisey 1903-04, Edna Talbot 1904-05, Jessie Rogers 1905-06, Blanche Baldwin 1906-07, Hazel Bair 1907-08, Howard Conn 1908-09, Dola Garman 1909-10, and Mildred Sparks 1910-12.
Families who attended Mt. Carmel School: Charles Wiseley - Effie (McKinsey), Hugh, Madge (Urbin), Clifford, Blanche (Engle), Gertrude (Lamborn), and Marie (Messman). John Hott - Maude, Maggie, and Ray. Eli Henderson - Dora, Bert, and Earl. Jim McKee - John, Lester, Russell, and a girl. Pat Hill - Ott and Erve. Madison Henderson - Louise, and two boys. Bill Smith - Roy, Eunice, Zora, and Russell. Henry Moon - Charley. Billie Henderson - Nellie and Willard Baldwin. John R. Wilson - Lulu and Pearl. Susan Singer's granddaughters - Ethel and Mona. Mullencup - Frank, Charley, and granddaughter Lizzie. Ward - Monzella and Alegra. George Lemmings - Carl and Clifford. Len Carr - Edna, Agnes and Arthur. Bill Lunsford - Ruby, Oliver and Marie. Jonathan Felty - Genevieve. House - Mona and Madge, Lucile Anderson. Harry Moon - niece Bertha Smith. Jim Hott - Edith, Omer, Ada, Grace, Milo and Elba. David Sheridan - Mike. John Walters - Wilda and Wilbur. George Pratt - Roxie, Homer, Russell, Meda and Freda. Walters - Bessie and Pearl.
Gertrude's sister, Marie Messman, recalls that school was from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. One year they had a man teacher, Howard Conn, who spent most of his time rabbit hunting. He would come to school with his gun and get the fire going and then go rabbit hunting from 10-11:30, come back and eat at noon, and then go rabbit hunting again in the afternoon and take the rabbits into Kewanna to sell. The pupils got so disgusted that they all quit school and stayed home one day. Then the teacher lost his head and went frantically from one family to another, begging them to send their children back to school. So the children went back to school and to show his appreciation the teacher made each child a yarn ball. But he continued to hunt rabbits and the children had to teach each other.
On election day that year, Mr. Conn had the kids get in front of the school and yell "Hurrah for Bill," as people went by in horse-drawn buggies on their way to Kewanna to vote. Since the democrat candidate for President was William McKinley and the Republican candidate was William Jennings Bryan, this was fine. But for trustee of Union Township the two local candidates were Bill Lisey and Charles Wiseley, so the Wiseley children refused to yell "Hurrah for Bill." Wiseley did not get elected, probably because he was against the sale of liquor. Lisey bought free drinks for those who would promise to vote for him.
The last year or so the school existed, there were only three or four boys attending, and the rest were girls. So the children played girls' games during the morning and afternoon recesses and played ball at noon. There were often not enough ball players to have two teams so they played "graduation ball." That meant each person played for himself or herself, not for a team. Each player "graduated" from pitcher to catcher to batter to left field, right field, third base, second base, to first base, and so on around.
The last year the Mt. Carmel school was in operation it was open only a few weeks in the fall until it burned. a tramp had entered the building (any skeleton key would unlock the door) and built too big a fire in the stove. The school had an old wooden floor which was always oiled after school closed in the spring. When the tramp built a fire in the stove, this was probably the first fire to be built that fall, and a spark probably fell out on the oily floor, causing the schoolhouse to burn down.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 46, pp 45-49]

MORE ON SLICK SCHOOL
The following is excerpted from a letter from Marietta Felder Henry of Tipton whose great-grandfather had the Slick or Mt. Carmel School named for him. The story of this school, as recalled by Gertrude Wisely Lamborn and Marie Wiseley Messman, was printed in the last quarterly.
"I was so pleased to see the article about the Mt. Carmel or Slick School in issue no. 46. I knew about my great-grandfather, Joseph Slick, having a school named after him but really knew no details.
"My grandmother Etta Slick Teter, was the daughter of Joseph. His other daughter was Jessie Slick DuBois. Aunt Jessie had no children.
"The granddaughters of Joseph Slick were Mary Mildred Teter (married Donald H. Miller) and my mother, Jessie Teter (married Frank Felder). I think they are the Slick children who attended the school, as you mentioned at the beginning of the article.
"Our Teter name was spelled with only one e. I have noticed several times in the Union Township articles that my mother or aunt's last name was not spelled correctly. The correct spelling is Teter, not Teeter. and the Teter girls were Jessie and Mildred, not Etta.
"My parents live in Rensselaer. Neither are well. In fact my Dad is now back in Jasper County Hospital. Mother lives mostly in her wheelchair. We have 24 hour care for the folks since neither want to be in a nursing home. So far - they are fairly mentally alert. I recently took my father over to Kewanna for my uncle Clifford Felder's funeral.
"I will show Mother and Dad your article when I go back to Rensselaer this week. Again thank you for writing about the Slick School.
"I went to Kewanna yesterday to go with Joe Collins (son of Clyde Collins) to see my Dad's cousin Mildred Collins Robinson, at Rochester. Joe and I are now working on our Collins genealogy. I've already worked on my Felder, Teter and Slick genealogies as far back as I can go. I drove by the old Slick farm but with the new buildings it does not seem the same."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 47, pp 80-81]
__________

A new school house is being built near Mr. Joseph Slick's, north of town.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 25, 1879]

MOUNT HOPE SCHOOL [#1] [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
Located in Section 12, at SW corner of 700W and 700N.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
Also called Hays School.
Also called Shanghai School.

[photo] Mt. Hope School 1918: Alva Fisher, William Baldwin, Harold Berkeiser, William Wagoner, Erma Wagoner, Harley Weidner, Frank Wagoner. Row 2: George Weidner, Ethel Mossman, Mildred Berkeiser, Grace Fernbaugh, Aaron Wagoner, Dora Fisher, Bernice Baldwin. Row 3: Nellie Hudkins, Marie Bryan, Marie Cowen, teacher Mildred Pownall (Diveley), Carl Fernbaugh, Earl Fernbaugh, Dale Davis, Virgil Fisher. (Photo: Mrs. Boyd Henderson)
[FCHS Quarterly No 17, p. 9]

[photo - left bottom] 1911-12 souvenir from Hay's School, also known as Mt. Hope. George Kaley, teacher, is pictured on the front. (Lent by Avanelle Kurtz)
[photo - right bottom] [second page] Hay's School District No. 1, George E. Kaley, Teacher. Pupils:
PRIMER: Marie Cowen, Dale Davis, Lucile Fisher, Russel Longland, Marie Campberll, Burless Cowen, Ralph Bossart.
SECOND YEAR: Ralph Hunter, Essie Cook, Francis Bryan.
THIRD YEAR:Perry Fisher, Bernice Cowen, Emery Davis, Orval Fisher.
FOURTH YEAR: Clifford Bryan, Norman Davis, Triss Hunter, Raymond Fisher, Clifford Cowen, Anna Mossman, Louis Wagner.
FIFTH YEAR: Everett Goodman, Walter Burkett, Dottie Cowen, Milo Sturgeon, Russel Bryan, Elnora Fisher, Russel Fisher.
SEVENTH YEAR: Arthur Bryan, Loree Fisher, Daniel Burkett, Grace Sturgeon, Byrum Wagoner, Grace Johnson, Vernerd Goodman, Mabel Mossman, Clarence Bryan.
H. L. Becker, Supt., H. H. Moon, Trustee, Wm. Cavender, Director.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 21]

[photo - right upper] Souvenir from Hays School, District No. 1, 1915-1916, Bertha McClain, Teacher. Pupils:
FIRST GRADE: Dora Fisher, Nelson Norris, Lucile Cowen, William Baldwin, Wayne Weidner, William Wagoner.
SECOND GRADE: Grace Fernbaugh, Forest Thompson, Ada Thompson, Lucile Norris, Virgil Fisher.
THIRD GRADE: Ira Cowen, Carl Fernbaugh Aaron Wagoner, Josephine Cook, Earl Fernbaugh, Ethel Mossman.
FOURTH GRADE: Wilbur Daniels, Frank Baldwin, Francis Bryan, Burless Cowen, Dale Davis, Della Holder, Dorothy Holder, Marie Cowen, Marie Bryan, Ruth Wharton.
FIFTH GRADE: Marion Wharton, Mildred Holder.
SIXTH GRADE: Essie Cook, Bessie Baldwin, Theodore Daniels, Tressie Hunter.
SEVENTH GRADE: Berneice Cowen, Anna Mossman, Orval Fisher, Roydon Wilfert, Blanche Holder, Emra Davis, Louis Wagoner.
EIGHTH GRADE: Walter Burkett Elnora Fisher, Dottie Cowen, Clifford Cowen, Clifford Bryan, Everett Goodman, Norman Davis.
School Officers: J. L. Hoesel, Trustee; Wm. Cavender, Director; H. L. Becker, Superintendent.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 21]

[photo] Undated souvenir. Mount Hope School District No 1, Aubbeenaubbee Twp. Omer E. Reichard, Teacher. Pupils:
8th YEAR: Lorraine Fisher, Grace Johnson, Daniel Burkett, Arthur Bryan, Byrum Wagoner, Loyd Wilfert.
7th YEAR: Dottie Cowen, Walter Burkett, Everett Goodman, Russel Bryan, Elnora Fisher, Russel Fisher.
6th YEAR: Ruby Salts, Norman Davis, Raymond Fisher, Lewis Wagoner, Clifford Bryan, Ana Mossman, Clifford Cowen.
5th YEAR: Orval Fisher, Pear Stayton, Roydon Wilfert, Emra Davis, Perry Fisher.
4th YEAR: Essie Cook, Triss Hunter, Burnice Cowen.
3rd YEAR: Marie Cowen, Dale Davis, Burless Cowen, Marie Bryan, Francis Bryan, Louceal Fisher.
2nd YEAR: Ira Cowen, Josephine Cook, Carl Fernbaugh, Aaron Wagoner, Ethel Mossman, Earl Fernbaugh.
1st YEAR: Grace Fernbaugh.
Henry L. Becker, County Supt., Henry H. Moon, Trustee.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 22]

[photo] Mt. Hope School 1913-14, Omer Reichard, teacher. Front row: Frances Bryan, Burl Cowen, Aaron Wagoner, Josephine Cook, Ethel Mossman, Marie Cowen, Lucille Fisher, Marie Bryan, Grace Fernbaugh, Burris Cowen Earl Fernbaugh.
Row 2: Ira Cowen, Carl Fernbaugh, Roy Dean Wolfert (behind others, directly in front of teacher), [ - - - - ] Cowen, Clifford Bryan, Lewis Wagoner, Emory Davis, Tessie Hunter, Bernice Cowen in front of Essie Cook.
Row 3: Francis Bryan, Clifford Cowen, teacher - Omer Reichard, Walter Burkett [?], Norman Davis, Raymond Fisher, Ruby Stayton, Ann Mossman.
Row 4: Ruby Salts, Russell Bryan, Russell Fisher, Ruby Baldwin, Byrum Wagoner, Everett Goodman, Walter Burkett [?], Elnora Fisher Grace Johnson, Loraine Fisher.
[FCHS Images No. 1, p. 22]

Mt. HOPE (HAY'S) SCHOOL
By Avanelle Kurtz Cowen
Country schools included Hay's School replaced by Mt. Hope School, and Small Pox School (Road 400N) on same road as church - known as Pumpkin Head Church.
Hay's and Mt. Hope are same. This is copied from a school soubenir booklet: 1914-1915, Hay's School (Mt. Hope), 37 pupils, Carrie VanKirk, Teacher; H. L. Becker, Co. Supt.; John L. Hoesel, Trustee; Wm. Cavender, Director.
Fern Watson (probably born around 1894) was about the age of my sister Gladys. She taught at a country school somewhere near Leiters Ford. I have no idea the name of the school or the names of any of her pupils. Fern had a sister Goldie who was a couple years older. Their father was known as "Indiana Red." He went to County Fairs selling taffy. We knew both Fern and Goldie and Mrs. Watson. They lived near Leiters Ford.
Mt. Hope School (section 12) was one mile from the northern county line on the [SE corner of 700W and 700N]. It was named for Mt. Hope church [diagonally] across the road on Lee Slonaker's farm. It was also called Hay's school because they lived near. Teachers were Clem Slonaker 1895; Marie Slonaker 1900-01; Alvin Hiatt 1901-02; Walter Myers 1902-03; Carl Biddinger 1903-04; Harry Ginther 1904-05; Harold Weir 1905-06; Charles Meiser 1908-09; Paul Guise 1909-10; George Kaley 1911-12; Ruth Groves 1912-13; Omer Reichard 1913-14; Carrie Van Kirk 1914-15; Bertha McClain 1915-16; Mildren Pownall (Diveley) 1917-18. Patrons included Slonaker, Hay, McGrew families.
When Ruth Groves taught at Mt. Hope 1912-13, she took the children on an outing in the woods for nature study one day. They led her in circles and got her lost until 4 o'clock; lthen they easily found their way to the road.
When Omer Reichard taught at Mt. Hope, he always ate lunch with the boys on a rock pile back of the school so they could talk. One time Reichard was coming out the school door when Dan Burkett threw an egg (he thought it was hard-boiled) and it hit Reichard on the Adam's apple. It about choked him, he couldn't breathe, it hurt so bad. And it wasn't completely hard-boiled so it got all over his shirt! Another incident he recalls is that the children carried drinking water in a bucket from Batz's house nearby. All the children wanted to go get the water and they took a while to get it when they went, one at a time, of course. So Reichard went to see why they all wanted to go. When he got there, Mr. Batz said, "Say, can you keep those kids from eating my mush?" In the pump house was stored a dozen crocks of mush that had frozen and bulged up. The kids had eaten handfuls of mush scoooped from the top.
One day trustee Hank Moon and Tom Monesmith (who drove the buggy for Moon) came to visit Mt. Hope school. They almost fell into a double seat, and Mr. Reichard realized they were drunk. He thought he would ignore it if they kept quiet, but pretty soon they began to talk. It being impossible to continue class, Mr. Reichard dismissed the children for recess, even though it was not recess time. After they had all gone out, Reichard said, "Now boys, you can't stay here." Moon said, "You mean you're firing me out of my own school?" Reichard: "Yes. You aren't fit to be here. You can come and visit all the time you want when you are sober. So git." They left and fell down the steps on the way. So Reichard was fired at the end of that school term. He received $54 a month teaching at Mt. Hope, and went to be principal at Burton school the next year for $75 a month (1914-15). Mt. Hope school burned in 1925, and Paul Hoover, who was supposed to teach there that fall, went to Delong to teach grades 4 to 6.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, pp 8-10]

BURTON SCHOOL 1918-22
By William J. Baldwin:
My first recollection of Burton School was in 1918. I was in the fourth grade and was looking forward to going to this huge, beautiful brick school. My family had moved from the Mount Hope neighborhood in Aubbeenaubbee Township, where we had a frame one-room schoolhouse with two wood-burning stoves for heat and outside rest rooms. My teachers there had been Paul Bridegroom, Mildred Pownall and Bill Keitzer.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p. 73]

The one-room schools all closed by 1925 and the students attended Leiters Ford. It will be noted that several of the little white schoolhouses burned in 1918. It was suspected that they were set afire by people who wanted the children to go to Leiters Ford school. At Hartman school the stove burned through the floor and dropped to the ground. Myers and Ditmire burned completely. So did Mt. Hope and Hartman in 1925.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 17, p. 12]
MEMORIAL TO LEITERS FORD MUSEUM
Bertha McClain attended the Pawpaw School beginning in September 1906 as a student in the fifth grade. The teacher was Frank King. Succeeding teachers were Howard Dickie, 1907-08; Howard Gillespie, 1908-09; and Martha Cook 1909-10. Bertha attended Leiters Ford High School, graduating in 1914. Her ambition from childhood was to be a teacher.
She attended Winona College the summers of 1914 and 195. The trustee, Henry Moon hired her to be the teacher of Hartman School that year 1914-15 at the salary of $32 per month. Our parents, Mr. and Mrs. David McClain, were living on the William O'Keefe farm one-fourth mile west of the Pawpaw school. Bertha drove a horse and buggy to school.
The next year she taught at Mt. Hope School north of Leiters Ford. In 1916-17 she taught in Rochester with an increase in salary of $48 per month.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 48, pp 29-30]

WHIPPOORWILL SCHOOL
Compiled by Shirley Willard
Howard Weir says his brother, Harold Weir, taught at Whippoorwill three or four different times. He also taught at Sand Hill, Shanghai by the Mt. Hope Church in Aubbeenaubbee Township, Germany, and Dead Man's College.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 50, p. 67]

MOUNT HOPE SCHOOL [#5] [Henry Township]
Located on NE corner of SR-14 and 700E.
Built between 1876 and 1883.
See: Athens School
__________

[photo] Mount Hope School 1917. Front row: Earl Fernbaugh, Alva Fisher, Carl Fernbaugh, Ray Wolfrom. Row 2: Willie Wagoner, George Weidner, William Baldwin, [ - - - - ] Hunter, Raymond Fisher, Wilbur Daniels, Perry Fisher, Raymond Brugh. Row 3: Aaron Wagoner, Lewis Wagoner, Claribell Johnston, Loraine Fisher, [ - - - - ] Fisher, Irma Wagoner, Lucille Fisher, Ethel Mossman, Josephine Cook, Dora Fisher, Marie Bryan, Francis Bryan, Leonard Brugh. Row 4: Bill Keitzer - teacher, Bessie Baldwin, Clifford Cowen, Grace Johnston, Essie Cook, Emery Davis, Ruby Saltz, Marie Cowen, Pearl Stayton, Grace Fernbaugh. Back row: Virgil Fisher, Nellie Hudkins, Clifford Bryan, Norman Davis, Anna Mossman, Triss Hunter, Elanor Fisher. (Photo: Bill Baldwin)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 69, p. 205]

MOUNT HOPE, ONE-ROOM SCHOOL
By William J. Baldwin
When I first started going to Mount Hope one-room school in 1916 Paul Bridegroom was our teacher. We had about 40 students and some grades only had two or three students in them. The school was in Aubbeenaubbee Township in a wooded lot across from the Mout Hope Church which is still being used, but the school house burned down.
The school had a set of concrete steps in front and large stones piled in back where we often sat at noon to eat our lunches. My older sisters, Ethel and Bessie, were in charge of the large metal bucket with a compartment on top for cups. There was always plenty of food in that bucket and it wlways tasted better sitting on the front steps or on the big rocks in back.
In the school yard was a large pump with a long handle where the water was pumped into a shiny bucket. This bucket sat on a shelf at the front of the school where everyone drank from the same long-handled dipper. The pump had a leak hole in the pit where the water drained down from the pump so it wouldn't freeze.
At the back of the lot and on opposite sides of the school sat the outdoor toilets. The girls' was on the right and the boys' on the left. Along the fence near the boys' toilet was a long pile of wood that supplied wood for the large stove that sat in the middle of the room. The older boys carried in wood for the stove and pumped the drinking water.
As you stepped in the door of the school house, there was a cloak room on either side with a row of hangers to hang your heavy coats and below on the floor was a neat row of boots. Boots were necessary as everyone walked to school and some as far as three miles. We were lucky as we only had one and a quarter miles to walk.
Across the back of the rooms was the blackboards with the teacher's desk in the middle. We smaller kids sat on the left in double seats. Willie Wagoner was my seat partner and we became very good friends. One of the older boys ran his trap line on the way to school one morning and caught a skunk. When he came in and sat down, everyone knew what he had caught and the teacher sent him home.
Teachers for the second and third year that I went there were Bill Keitzer and Mildred Pownall. Each class had their recitation period and everyone listened to the recitation that was going on so when you were promoted to the next grade it was almost like a review.
During recess we played "anti-over" by choosing up sides and throwing a ball over the school house. We also played "fox and goose" when there was snow, by stamping out a large wheel in the snow, then running around the circle or up and down the spokes to keep away from the one that was "it", the "fox". The boys wrestled a lot and since everyone wore a cap, the caps were all placed in a pile and one boy was blindfolded and picked out the caps in pairs, so this was how your wrestling partner was picked.
Parties were held at the school by the parents. They had box socials and cake walks. With no electricity, the kerosene lamps and lanterns didn't make too much light but everyone got along just fine and had a great time. At the end of the school year the students entertained the parents with songs, recitals and a Spelling Bee. After that, a carry-in dinner was the high light of the day.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 69, pp 204-206]
__________

PARTIAL LIST OF TEACHERS, DISTRICT 5, MOUNT HOPE
Enos Sayger.
.
MOUNT NEBO SCHOOL [#7] [Richland Township]
Located N side of 375N between Meridian [US-31] and Old US-31.
__________

[photo] Mount Nebo school in 1905. Row 1: Emma Waltz, Nelly Rush, Ruth Ellis, Hazel Rush, Leo Mow, Dean Mow. Row 2: Edgar Moore, unknown, teacher Dell Kessler, Fultz's orphan, unknown, Clyde Mow. (Wilma Foltz's photo]
[FCHS Quarterly No. 20, p. 17]

MOUNT NEBO SCHOOL
By Wilma Foltz and Old Timer:
This school was on the Kentucky Stock Farm on the Indiana Metal Road (400N) about a quarter mile east of New US-31. Mount Nebo was a high place on the George Metzger farm. They said on a clear day one could see Leiters Ford 10 or 12 miles away. It is the highest elevation in Fulton County.k
A Kentucky man bought the farm and brought in race horse mares and raised colts. He built a big barn and brought black men to care for the horses. They moved the schoolhouse by the barn for the men to sleep in. The barn burned and maybe the schoolhouse too.
This picture was taken the last year they had school, 1905. The large girl in the photo is Emma Waltz. She lived in the first house north of the river bridge on the Michigan Road, which was all gravel and dust.
The girl between the Rush girls is Ruth Ellis. She lived west. One of the boys is Fred Raefelt. They lived northwest of the bridge. Arthur Fultz lived where Rex Bowen lives. They took an orphan boy in who came to Rochester in a train from Boston. They had a big fire in the orphanage. I think he is the largest by in the photo. A preacher Moore also took in an orphan in 1902 or 1903. They lived north of the Metzger place. The unknown boys might be Fred or Charles Metzger or Clayton Mow.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 20, p. 16]

Miss Jennie Davis is teaching the Mount Nebo School.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 4, 1873]
The Mt. Nebo school is progressing finely under the superintendence of Miss Jennie Davis, who is a number one teacher with an attendance of thirty-two scholars. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, February 12, 1874]

School will begin on the 13th of this month, and will be taught by Miss Ella Barb, of Rochester. Miss Ella and Mollie Batchelor were visiting friends at this place last week. Call again, ladies.
[Mount Nebo Pills, Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 9, 1874]

The Mount Nebo school is controlled by E. C. Martindale. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 20, 1877]

The school at Mount Nebo is under the tutorship of F. Gould. This is his second school. We wish him great success. Fanny is a good scholar.
[Rochester Independent, Saturday, December 15, 1877]

Temperance meeting Sunday afternoon, at 4 o'clock, at Mount Nebo school house, Richland township. Dr. S. S. Terry will address the meeting.
[Rochester Independent, Wednesday, June 26, 1878]

A union temperance picnic, we learn, is to be held at Mount Nebo, Richland township, on Saturday, Aug. 31st, which will also be addressed by Rev. Rule.
[Rochester Republican, Saturday, August 17, 1878]

Mt. Nebo, Jan. 11, 1879. Richland Township Institute convened at 10 o'clock a.m. with Trustee Dillon in the chair. . . Ches. Chinn, secretary . . . [names mentioned]: Miss McMahan, Chichester Chinn, Mr. Martindale, Mr. Beery, Mr. Pendleton, Mr. Gould, Mr. Dudgeon.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, January 17, 1879]

MOUNT OLIVE GRADED SCHOOL [Liberty Township]
NEW GRADED SCHOOL
Among the first and most prominent settlements in Fulton county was the Oliver neighborhood, five miles south of Rochester on the Michigan Road. As far back as 1838 there was an "Oliver's school house" and there is still one there -- a magnificent graded school structure. The one just completed by Trustee Norris is the fourth building on the site, the other three having given way, one after the other, to the march of progress. The first one was a log structure, the second and third ones frames and the fourth is stone, brick and slate.
With the completion of the new Mt. Olive graded school building Trustee Norris conceived the idea of holding a reunion of the old time teachers, pupils and patrons in conjunction with a dedication exercise. Last Saturday was the date fixed and there was a large gathering of people both morning and evening. Wm. Bell, now an aged citizen of Logansport, but an early day teacher of several terms of school at Oliver's, was present and was the most interesting factor of the occasion. He not only delivered an interesting address in the afternoon on early day school work at Oliver's, but he was highly entertaining and instructive in his reminiscences and their comparison with the methods and conveniences of today, which enterprise has brought about.
Mr. Bell related many incidents of fifty to sixty years ago in the Oliver neighborhood, which seem strange in comparison with present conditions. The neighbors were from two to five miles apart, their roads were Indian trails, and their church and school facilities consisted of rude log structures. The families of that community then, were Townsend, Goss, Martin, Oliver, Allen, New, Rouch, Lackey, Squires, Elliott, Trimble, Ream and others who have all died or moved from the county.
Early school teachers at Oliver's were William Bell, A. J. Sutton, Joseph Green, Samuiel Julian, Randolph Johnson, George Zabst, Louis Gillam, George Martindale and John B. McMahan. Of these, Bell, Martindale and McMahan were present and delivered interesting talks of their experiences and the people at Oliver when they taught. Mr. Bell related that his only trouble was with two devlish boys and he settled them by going to them one day saying, "You can do one of three things: ask forgiveness for what you have done, promise to obey the rules hereafter, or go out at that hole there where you came in." They promised to do better and made good pupils.
Another most interesting speaker was Uncle George Goss. He told how the school once had but a few dollars public funds and the balance had to be made up by subscripton. He relates that when the late Samuel Julian taught he (Goss) was just beginning housekeeping. He was also appointed supervisor and later township trustee and his education consisted mostly of being able to spell. So he proposed to Julian that he would board him if he would teach him reading, writing and figures and by faithful application to his studies, by candle light, he found himself possessed of a substantial education, at the end of Julian's teaching.
Short speeches were made by Henry Day, John Townsend, Frank Gregory, George Babcock, Supt. Gibbons, John Carruthers, Henry Barnhart, James Haynes, Milton Whittenberger, Mr. Kreig, Mrs. Trout, Mr. McHatton, Trustee Norris and several others.
At the evening session of the day's program a crowd assembled which was so large it filled the building, including the basement. Oysters were served on the first floor and on the second floor old Mr. Bell gave a lengthy and amusing exemplification of school teaching as it was done fifty years ago. He thrashed several of the boys, made them carry in wood, rewarded meritorious conduct by permitting the deserving to pass the water, sang the states and their capitals and furnished a royal entertainment for more than an hour. A goodly number of the now gray haired boys and girls of other days were present and all enjoyed a season of reunion and sociability, which will be a delightful memory for years to come.
The New Building
The new building is another step in the direction of centralized schools by Fulton county. It is two stories high, with basement. The first floor is divided into a pupils' room with capacity for sixty, two cloak rooms and the hall. The second floor has two pupils' study and reception rooms for sixty, and a den or office room for the teachers. The basement is divided into boys and girls compartments with closets, pumps, etc., etc. The heating and ventilating is done by the hot air system and was furnished by M. M. Bitters of this city. The building is of brick and stone with interior finish of oak and pine. It is a structure which is a credit to both architect, Joseph F. Ault, and Trustee Norris and it will surely be a stimulus to the school interests of that community.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 6, 1899]

MOUNT OLIVE SCHOOL [Liberty Township]
Located on the NE corner of 500S and SR-25.
The newer school was located on the SE corner of same intersection.
See: Oliver school.
__________

[photo] Mt. Olive school 1907-08. Row 1: Harold Mikesell, Vern Eber, Ralph English, Margaret Jefferies Timmons, Lola Norris Ewer, Lucy Oliver Kincaide, Fawn Mikesell Sowers, Cleo Norris Ford, Erma Stanley Murden, John Large. Row 2: Lavora Day, Mildred Calloway Burns, Mary Lowe Fisher, Zinda Day Hildebrandt, Lucille Stanley Baggerly, Hope Jefferies Phillips, Edna Stanley Werner, Cecil Henderson, Paul Henderson, Ruth Bevilheimer Leard, Andrew Large. Row 3: Wm. McMahan - teacher of grades 5-8; Nathan Stanley, Cecil Day, Jesse Bevilheimer, Dewey Norris, Hugh Norris, Gladys Stanley Crook, Fay Carithers Robbins, Mabel Mason Tyrrel Richardson, Bertha Stanley Fraling, Ruth Townsend Werner, Lena Large Williams; Olca Bevilheimer Koffel - teacher of primer and grades 1-4.Wm. McMahan was substituting for his brother Pat, the regular teacher and principal. (Photo: Lucy Oliver Kincaide)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, p. 3]

[photo] Oliver School c. 1890, probably a last day of school picnic. Only a few persons have been identified. Row 1: Della Abbott Van Dalsen is 7th from left end. Row 2: Mrs. Si Allen is on the right end. Row 3: Rinda Collins Oliver, third from left marked "mother"; Si Allen, in door with beard, Minnie Pence (Mrs. John Lowe, mother of Bessie Whybrew), second from right. (Photo: Gail Oliver Shelton)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, p. 6]

[photo] Oliver School 1893. Row 1: Harry Martin, Charlie Townsend, Bruce Burton, Charlie Thomas, Eddie Chapin, Eddie Raymer (with dress on), Bill Chapin, Mae Abbott Hand, Bessie Lowe Whybrew, Edith Lowe Weller, Temperance Olds, Charles Raymer. Row 2: Frank Carruthrs, Lola Eber Felder, Minnie Bridegbroom Fouts, Blanche Burton Griner, Della Abbott Van Dalsen. Row 3: Nellie West Case, Elsie Townsend Dague, Ina Carruthers Richardson Charlie Chapin, Bert Kent, Merle Ream, Frank Eber, Cloyd Bridegroom, Oren Olds, Ott Olds; teacher standing behind - Aaron Kline. Row 4: Stella Pontius, Myrtie Kent Doud, Iva Townsend McMahan Henry Henderson, Dan Carruthers. Row 5: Carrie Townsend McMahan, Margaret Eber Felder Vestie Townsend Zanger, Lala Townsend. Row 6: Ollie Allen, Lucy Gregory Calloway, Alice Eber Felder, Myrtle Raymer Howard, Nellie Townsend Nye, Otha Abbott Owens. (Photo: Nellie West Calloway Case, who says it was always called Mt. Olive school.)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, p. 7]

[photo] Last students to attend Mt. Olive school 1924-25. Row 1: Carl Eber, Mary Hutton, Caroline Stanley, Leona Weller, Mary Goodner. Row 2: Ruth Gregory, Belva Weller, Lena Booker, Keort Large. Row 3: Paul Eber, Volney Wheadon, John Eber, Edna Martindal, Annabelle Large; Nellie Hendrickson - teacher. (Photo: Donated by Nellie Riemenschneider to FCHS museum).
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, p. 10]

REMINISCENCE OF MOUNT OLIVE SCHOOL
By Mrs. Blanche Norris
[copied from The Fulton Leader, 1932]
To have lived through the past century seems to me to be an experience surpassing all others, for surely these hundred years have seen the working miracles.
Grandma Oliver, born in 1838 has lived in Mt. Olive community all her life. She attended school here when a little log school on her future father-in-law's farm was the only school in Liberty township. Aunt Margaret Shelton, sister-in-law of Grandma is eight years younger, and she remembers many things of those long ago days.
It was in 1851 that for a consideration of $20 Andrew Oliver, grandfather of the Andy we know (great-grandfather of Mark and Lowell Oliver and their sister Lucy O. Kincaide) deeded to his neighbors an acre of ground for a school.
Here a log school house was built in which Grandma tells us a subscription school was kept, for two months, three months or not at all, just as finances or weather permitted.
Those little folks of long ago played ante over, black man, weavely wheat and rode sapling horses in the woods across the road just as children always have done when not overwhelmed with modern "appurtances to promote healthful play."
Aunt Margaret tells us how the little folks drilled while the Civil War was at its height and how she and Mrs. Rebecca Hatch of Macy were made to hold little sticks on their noses as a punishment for eating apples in school. The teacher at that time being John Miller.
Other old teachers were Holly Horton, Bob Christie and Jack Sutton. The road past the school was made of plank two inches thick and twelve feet long. Over this livestock and grain was hauled to Logansport and Michigan City. Robert Aitken operated a general store in Fulton, where commodities were purchased.
After some years a frame building was erected on the southeast corner of the school yard. Andy Oliver tells us that he and Fred and Ben Oliver and Newt Sparks are the only ones left who started school here.
This building later became part of the dwelling on the W. V. S. Norris farm. Later another school house was built on the southwest corner of the lot. There are many who remember this building and received their education within its walls.
Some of the old teachers were Clara McMahan, Anna Dill, Doc Douglass, Will Norris and M. O. Enyart. Each generation of Olivers attended a different school building. Grandma the old log house, Andy the first frame building, Alvin the second frame house and Lucy, Lowell and Mark, the last one erected.
In 1899, W. V. S. Norris, trustee, purchased one acre of ground from Sophia Enyart and erected the building which was recently sold to Myrl Lichtenwalter for $300. Here, at one time, over one hundred pupils were enrolled in grade and high school.
So many of the teachers are still living, it is with pleasure I mention a few, Mrs. Otto McMahan, Mrs. Emma VanBuskirk, Miss Emma Becker, Otto Reed, Rev. Howard Conn, Mrs. Otto Calloway, Milton Whittenberger, William and Pat McMahan, Clyde Porter, Mark Schaaf, William McHatton and many others.
Seven years ago this building was abandoned (1925) and the few remaining pupils transferred to Fulton. The last landmark will soon be gone. Modern days and modern ways have destroyed the usefulness of rural community centers.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, pp 3-4]

OLIVER, OR MOUNT OLIVE
By Bertha Waltz
The information quoted from the Kingman Atlas, 1883, in the introduction to Liberty Township Schools in Quarterly No. 21 (published in July, 1975) varies with "Grandma" Oliver. Until 1851 when the Indiana free school act went into effect, all schools were by subscription. Perhaps the first frame building was built in 1851 after land was purchased from Mr. Oliver for a school, complying with the new state law. Exactly when the second frame building was built is also lost to time. It faced west on the Old Michigan Road (now Indiana 25) at the crossroad known as the Mount Olive Road or 500 South on the northeast corner. This school was called Oliver, Number 6, or sometimes by the same name, Mount Olive, as the church directly across the road west from it. An old split rail fence bounded the school lot on the north and east. Wood which had been cut for fuel was racked on the south side.
Some of the family names of students acquiring their education in this building in addition to the Olivers must have been Townsend, Henderson, Carithers, Eber, Gregory, Collins, Butler, Allen, Smith, Martin, Green, Abbott, Ream, Lowe, Schmit, Thompson, Norris, and Calloway. Also many others not known at this date.
Many students came back to teach at this school and at the new one built in 1899.
Dr. Bert Kent of Fulton, age 92, remembers going to Oliver several terms because his district school (Frear) was over-crowded. Will Hanson, who lived in Fulton with his parents, was the teacher. It had become a way of life to lock the teacher out at Christmas time, so the older students locked him out a week before the holiday. Not be be out-powered, he grabbed a heavy object and broke the back door down. Later he apologized to the children, explaining his mother had cautioned him that morning to not lose his temper.
One can picture the inside of the room: double seats, a stove for warmth in winter with the accompanying wood box, the water pail to carry drinking water from the neighbors or a well in the school yard, nails in the wall for hanging wraps, and a map case on the wall. There was usually a switch or paddling board atop the map case. Primary classes used a reading chart which rolled up. Each child had his or her slate.
Aaron Kline started teaching at age 15 in 1890, when many students were bigger than he, so he had to use his brains instead of his brawn. He said they studied until the children became restless, then went out and played hard until they were tired enough to settle down. Aaron later married Nettie Green and moved to Rochester where he graduated from Rochester Normal College. He then was principal at Argos and Reynolds; then went to LaPorte as head of the science department. He was superintendent of schools at Wanatah for a number of years before going to Hyde Park, Illinois, as a science teacher.
There were box socials, spelling and arithmetic contests, school programs, and last-day-of-school picnics usually held in Carithers' woods. School was in session only four months some years; Bert Kent says it lasted six months the years he attended. Children were needed at home to help with crops.
The old building was abandoned in 1899 when the new Mount Olive School was first used. Those people who were satisfied with the old one dubbed the new building "Pick's" or "Norris'" monument, because W. V. S. "Pick" Norris proceeded, as trustee, to have it built.
When Charles and Flossie (Enyart) Bailey were married they converted it into a home. Their eldest son, Harold, was born there.
The log house owned by W. V. S. Norris, and occupied by their son Hugh and his family, burned in 1917. He purchased the old school building which was vacant and moved it by steam engine to the site of the burned house, making it into a dwelling again. That farm was bought by Willard and May (Whybrew) Williams, and now is the home of Chester and Donna (Gordon) Williams. It is on the west side of Road 25 just south of the Nyona Lake, or 600 South, road.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, pp 5-7]

MT. OLIVE SCHOOL
Bertha Waltz and Lois Wagoner
W. V. S. Norris, as Liberty Township Trustee in 1899, purchased one acre of ground from Sophia Enyart across the road south from the old Oliver School, and supervised the construction of the new two story brick building to be named "Mount Olive." The county school superintendent was W. S. Gibbons, who that year was granted the first state teaching license in Fulton County. The architect was J. F. Ault, and the contractor is thought to have been Milo Cutshall of Akron. It was a very impressive building to be seen in the country at that time; two stories high, with a full basement which was laid up of huge stones. The basement housed the brick furnace with its big iron doors, and the pit type toilets, girls' on the south and boys' on the north. Also the pump to draw water from a driven well.
The first floor was a large room with a big register in the middle of the floor. One side was used for grades 1 through 5 and the other for grades 6, 7, and 8. A long stairway led to a large hall in front of the upper room, which was directly above the lower room on the east side of the building. Another stairway led up to the belfry tower. The second floor originally was used for the high school. The large room was a study hall and a smaller one was used for recitation.
It cost $1 to $1.50 per student to transfer within the county in 1899. That year 15 students transferred from Rochester Township to Liberty. Presumably, these people were taking advantage of the new school. Some who transferred were the Hagens, McMahans, Tetzlaffs, and the Wagoners.
At a county educational meeting held September 14, 1899, the Norris system of hiring teachers was presented and adopted. W. V. S. Norris of Liberty Township was the author. It provided that those who held a state teacher's license and had never taught should be paid double the amount of their general average per day. Teachers of experience holding 1 year state license should be paid double the average plus 5 cents. Those with 2 year state licnese, double average plus 10 cents. Those with a 3 year state license, double the average plus 30 cents. The same year a teacher's county organization was formed with Arthur Deamer as president; E. A. Gast, secretary; and C. W. Cline, treasurer.
Dr. Bert Kent, age 92, and his twin sister, Myrtle Kent (Doud), now deceased, were members of the first graduating class in 1902. It was a three-year high school course. Dr. Kent remembers that Ida Tetzlaff and Hugh McMahan graduated with them. Sam Hower's memory book from that year listed as high school pupils Byron Martindale, Eugene Gordon, Frank Eber, Ida Tetzlaff, Ethel Lowe, Howard Calloway, and Frank Smith, in addition to the Kents. Charles Cline taught all subjects. John Kent (Bert's brother) taught sixth seventh, and eighth.
Dr. Kent graduated from Rochester Normal College and taught at several other schools before coming back to Mount Olive to teach sixth, seventh, and eights grades 1907-08. V. J. Pownall was trustee. High school had been discontinued and the students went into Fulton. The upstairs was used for a play area and community activities. His students were Fay Carithers, Lone White, Mabel Mason, and Fred Day - sixth; Lena Large, and Hugh Norris - seventh; and Russell Stanley, Ruth Townsend, John White, and Noble Goodner - eighth. The first five grades were taught by Miss Emma Baird who drove a horse and buggy from her parents' home west of Fulton, often picking up Bert as he walked from his parent's home on the Mud Lake (now Nyona Lake) road. Sam Hower was custodian. The furnace still smoked just as it had before.
The day's program went something like this. At nine o'clock the bell rang, starting the day's work. There usually was a spelling or arithmetic contest to sharpen the wits; singing of the national anthem "America" (The Star Spangled Banner wasn't adopted until 1931), and reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. The first graders receited their lessons first, then the second, and on through the grades. Mid morning was a 15 minute break for recess. In warmer weather they played a lot of baseball, drop the handkerchief, and tag. In winter there was skating, sledding, fox and goose, and plain old snow balling. Lunch time usually meant a cold lunch carried from home in a paper bag or tin pail. A few times parents donated vegetables and the teacher made soup. Then it was more studying; another recess; and at four o'clock school was out!
Mrs. Chester (Bessie Lowe) Whybrew of Rochester, age 86, who lived south of the school, remembers that when she attended both Mt. Olive and Oliver they carried water from the Henry Hower residence across the road. The pump came later. She also remembers how she almost lost a good friend. During the presidential eledction of 1900 her family was for William Jennings Bryan. The family of her best friend, Nina Carithers, was for William McKinley. One noon hour Bessie pushed Nina down an embankment and wouldn't let her up until the bell rang. After the election they were good friends again.
Charley Lowe of Logansport tells of driving a horse and buggy to Mt. Olive when he and his sister Ethel were in grade school. He paid "Grand-daddy" (Henry) Hower 50 cents a month to stable his horse. The first of each month Grandpa Hower came out and said, "Well, it's the first of the month, Charley. I want my money in ad-vance." Charley graduated from Fulton High School in the spring of 1914 and went to teach at Mt. Olive that fall.
Other teachers were Charles Hower, Patrick McMahan - upstairs room 1910, Emma Baird - lower room 1907-08, Olca Bevelheimer Koffel - lower 1909-11, Blanche Dawson Norris - lower 1911-12, Mabel Feidner - lower 1912-13, Vern Miller 1915-16, Otto Reed, Ray Bish, Milton Whittenberger, Alice Eber, Clyde Porter, Earl Beehler, Ruby Partridge, Russell Trout, Thomas Reed, Howard Conn, Mercie Coffin and Nellie Hendrickson (Riemenschneider) 1922-25, the last three years that Mt. Olive was used. Mary Goodner, who was in the third grade that last year recalls a big event. Miss Hendrickson allowed them to go to the window and watch the first Indiana Motor Bus pass for the first time. The road was unsurfaced then.
Henry Hower is thought to have been a janitor at one time, according to Lucy Oliver Kincaide. James Abbott was janitor 1913-16 and maybe longer. Charley Bailey was janitor 1909-11.
Some of the students during thie era (1910-14) were Glen, Leo and Arthur Abbott; Viola, Emory, Ernest and Elizabeth Bradley; Dee Briles, Dorothy Bramblett, Orville and Crystal Collins; Harvey and Everett Coleman; Zinda, Lavora, and Jessie Day. Also Vern Eber, Eddie Easterday, Rosette and Albert Headlee; Helen, Rudolph, and Mildred Johnson; Russell, Glenn and Jimmy Jackson; Clarence, Otis, and Urbin Jackson; Ralph and Dessie Kent; Ruth Krathwohl; Lana, Andrew and John Large; Edith and Loyd Lucas; Mary and Isaac Lowe; Hugh, Dewey, Cleo and Lola Norris; Lucy, Lowell, and Mark Oliver; John Shropshire; Edna Stanley; Russell and Murrell Trout; Orville Thompson. Also Mildred, Wade, and Winifred Calloway; Ralph English; Cecil, Hugh and Paul Henderson; and Orval Stookey.
Horse-drawn hacks were used to transport children living far from school. Mary Goodner described the one her father drove as being a two-seated carriage. Others were driven by Orville Collins and Ancil Townsend.
The custom of the teacher treating the students at Christmas time was carried over from the one-room school. Names were drawn for the valentine and Christmas gift exchange. On the last day of school each year a program was enjoyed by the community.
Trustees who managed the school, other than those mentioned before, were R. M. Reed, J. M. Reed, Ed McCarter, Mel Mills, and J. Mills.
At one time over 100 pupils were enrolled in grade and high school at Mt. Olive. Later the upper classroom was used for fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth grades until around 1911 or 1912. Then all grades were in the lower room, as enrollment decreased.
Finally the children were all sent to Fulton, and the old building was abandoned in the spring of 1925. It stood intact for many years. It was sold in 1932 for $300 to Myrl Lichtenwalter who tore it down and used the materials to build what is now Dr. Ravencroft's dental office in Futon. Also he used some of the stone to build a garage on the school premises. Some of the old foundation still stands as a monument to the past.
References: Melvin Wagoner, Doreen Norris, Loren Waltz, Merrill Waltz, Charley Lowe, Bessie Whybrew, Dr. Bert Kent, Donna Williams, Paul Eber, Laurence Norris, Mary Goodner, Nellie Riemenschneider, micro-filmed Rochester Sentinels of 1899, Lucy Olivr Kincaide.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, pp 8-10]

MT. OLIVE LITERARY AND DEBATING SOCIETY
By Bertha Waltz
On November 28, 1913, a group of citizens of the Mt. Olive community met at the school and formed the Mt. Olive Literary and Debating Society. It was in existence for two winters. The first year John Jackson was president; Otto Calloway, vice president; Charles Lowe, secretary; Joe Bevelheimer, treasurer; and John Stanley, sergeant at arms. The second year the officers were W. V. S. Norris, pres.; Tom McMahan, vice president; Alvin Oliver, secretary; Harry Stookey, treasurer; and Roy Johnson, sergeant at arms.
It was decided the society should have a literary paper. John Jackson was the editor both years, and called the paper "The Mt. Olive Scorcher". It consisted of humorous neighborhood news and gossip. One little gem remembered by Melvin Wagoner follows:
Of all the beasts that roam the forest
The monkey's tail's the longest.
Of all the feet I ever smelled
Ed Wagoner's smell the strongest.
[Ed was Melvin's father]
Debates were most popular. Sometimes a team from another community was invited. Standard rules of debating procedure were followed. There was a moderator, three judges, and a clerk to verify prior arguments. A champion for each side was nominated and each chose two members. Some of the subjects debated and winners were - "Resolved, that the question that has been before the Legislature favoring a minimum wage law should not be passed:" Unanimous Negative! "That women should vote;" "That the signs of the times indicate the down fall of the Republic;" "That the government should own the railroads, telegraph, telephone, mines, banks, and steamships: Negative won. "That the subject of domestic science which was being taught in the schools is taking up too much time and money and should be abolished;" "That the European war will be of financial benefit to the people of the United States;" " That the army of the United States should be enlarged and strengthened;" "That higher education is carried to extremes;" "That the state should fund the school books for the first eight school years:' Two affirmative, one negative.
Most frequent debators were John Jackson, W. V. S. Norris, Charles Fry, Tom McMahan, Harry Stookey, Mrs. Roy (Phoebe) Johnson, Charles Lowe, Bert Kent, Otto Calloway, and George Bushon. Others active in debates were Milton Henderson, Steve Bloom, Ben Dawald, Dora Collins, Alvin Oliver, Edward Wagoner, Charles Mathias, Chester Robbins, James Abbott, Hugh McMahan, Wilson Trout, Charles Eber, Willard English, and many more.
Proposed subjects offered in humor and not debated were Tom McMahan's "Resolved, which is the butt end of a goat," and John Jackson's "Resolved, the moon is made of green cheese."
A mock trial was held January 30, 1914. Dora Collins was arrested for stealing a cow from Otto Calloway and brought to trial. His lawyer won an acquittal by pointing out that the initials "O.C." on the cow's horn exhibited could also stand for Orville Collins, Dora's son. Another trial was held in which Art Sutton charged "Pick" Norris with chicken theft. Verdict: guilty! All in fun. John Jackson served as judge and Tom McMahan as prosoecutor. Mr. Jackson used as his "Rule of Law" book, a Sears Roebuck catalogue and would hold it up and show his lawyers anything he happened to turn to. One time it was men's long johns. Other participants in the trials were Dell and Millie Calloway, Lester and Madge Carvey, and Merrill and Loren Waltz, who as children were witnesses at the chicken trial.
The society met each Friday evening that first winter through March 6, 1914. Sometimes there was a play, spelling bee, ciphering match, musical offerings, and most popular girl contsts. A barber shop quartet consisting of Vuel Rouch, Fred Easterday, Bill McCarty, and Harry Van Nuys, accompanied by Cleo or Lola Norris, entertained. Vern Miller, teacher, read chapters from various books. Two of them were "Aunt Jemima" and "William Green Hill".
The threshers and shredders' meetings were held in the basement where the men could spit at their containers and if they missed, it didn't make much difference on a dirt floor.
The janitor was to be paid 75 cents an evening, but many times the collection wasn't that much so it was dropped to 25 cents.
Thanks to Lucy Oliver Kincaide, Melvin Wagoner, Merrill and Loren Waltz for their good memories.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 23, pp 11-12]

Teachers:
1901-02. Chas. Cline.
[F.C.H.S. files]

Bert and Myrt Kent, twins, were born Apr. 12, 1883. Both attended Frear and Oliver one-room schools in Liberty Township, graduating from Mt. Olive High School (a three-year course) in 1902, the first class to graduate from the new Mt. Olive school.
Teachers: Bert Kent, grades 6, 7 and 8; Milton Gibbs Whittenberger, about 1902

MOUNT PLEASANT SCHOOL [Liberty Township]
Located NW corner of 350E and 825S.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
See Kellar School

MOUNT TABOR SCHOOL [#16] [Rochester Township]
Located NE corner 400E and 300S.
Built between 1876 and 1883.
Also known as School 16.

The youths of the Collins school are being trained by Miss Lucy Smith and those of Green Oak by Miss Christina McMahan; Miss Eva Ault, of Rochester, is teaching the Mt. Tabor School . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 30, 1874]

Miss Eva Ault is training the young ideas at Mount Tabor, with great success. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, May 7, 1874]

Our neighbors at Mt. Zion and Mt. Tabor have been having very interesting times at their literary Societies. They have been discussing questions of theology.
[Wagoner's Station Chips, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, January 22, 1875]

Schools are moving up in these parts lively. Joe Smith, at Green Oak school, Ella New, at the Collins school, Mollie Soward, at Mount Tabor, and Maggie Blacketor, at Ebenezer.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, April 26, 1878]

Miss Mollie Seward closed her school at Mt. Tabor, last Friday, July 5th.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, July 12, 1878

SCHOOL 16 or MT. TABOR
By Shirley Willard
School 16 was also known as Mt. Tabor and was located on the northeast corner of 300S and 400E. It opened around 1880 and continued until closing in 1913. Three pupils, Mabel Oliver, Mary Saygers, and Lee Hayward, wanted to go to Green Oak School so they could see out the windows sitting down and other personal reasons, which caused such a ruckus that the trustee came out. The result was that School 16 closed because there were only three families of children - Tobeys, Vandergrifts, and Joys - left in attendance. They went by buggy to Green Oak and Union schools.
Early teachers were Hugh McMahan, Gertrude Porter, Milt Whittenberger, (?) Fenstermaker, Stellie Keel, and Leona McClung Savage. Carrie McMillen (later Mrs. Oliver) taught subscription school for 25 cents a day per pupil in the summer of 1896.
Felix and Mary Tobey moved in the house across the road from School 16 in 1895. They boarded teachers many times. Fern Tobey (Irwin) drove a horse hack around the area bringing children to school.
Mae Osborne taught School 16 in 1903-04, Arthur Conrad 1905, George Tobey 1906, Edna Stinson 1907-08, Bess McIntire Miller 1909-1910, Henry Robinson 1908, Ruth DuBois 1911-12, Ruth Groves, Leroy Shelton.
After the school closed, Tobeys bought the building for $200 and used it for pigs and corn storage. For many years it was owned by Howard and Mary Tobey. It was demolished by McMahan-O'Connor Construction Company in 1973 when building the new highway US-31. Today its former site is under the highway.
[Unpublished article by Shirley Willard]
Teachers: Cora Pownall, 1898-99
Hugh McMahan

MOUNT VERNON SCHOOL [Wayne Township]
Also known as Marshtown School.
The schools are coming to a close. The Mount Vernon school is being finished by H. W. Hoober, it having broken down in the middle under the charge of a female teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, March 1, 1872]

Our public school for the summer, with Miss Mary Elliott in charge, is in a prosperous condition and is giving satisfaction. . .
On next Saturday the citizens of Richland township will meet at Center school house
[Mt. Vernon Items, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 10, 1876]

Our public schools opened on last Monday with a good attendance with our young friend, Ches. Chinn, in charge.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 2, 1876]
See Marshtown School.

MOUNT ZION SCHOOL [#1] [Rochester Township]
Located N side 250S and approximately 525E.
Built before 1876.
__________

[photo] Mt. Zion school 1899-1900. Sam Kent, teacher, is on extreme left.
Row 1: Willie Hoover, Tom Dixon, Don Hoover, Lon Zimmerman, Paul Aughinbaugh, Ruth Anglemyer, Elsie Smith, Lon Davis, Fred Smith, Paul McClung, Ross Norman, Arthur McClung.
Row 2: Earl Harter, Agnes Anglemyer, Arch Timbers, Joe Dixon, Bessie Steffey, Amy Smith, Ethel Powell, Mabel Aughinbaugh, Tom Stinson, Charles Dixon.
Row 3: Orva Zimmerman, Pearl Timbers, Mabel Anglemyer, Myrtle King, Ocie Davis, John Hoover, George Aughinbaugh.
Row 4: Grace Anglemyer, Ernie Hoover, Mary Ogden, Clara Large, Mabel Norman, Lennie Barnhart.
Row 5 (boys in doorway): Willie Zimmerman, Earl Hoover. Absent on the day the picture was taken: Howard King, Kitty Mastellar and Retha Mastellar who attended part of the year had moved away when picture was taken. (Photo from Pearl Moore)
(FCHS Quarterly, June 1972, p. 7]

[photo] Mt. Zion School 1920-21. Front row: Ted Dilsaver, Howard Wood, Arthur Mikesell, Bob Van Duyne, Lee McIntire, Donald King, Bernice Snyder Whittenberger. Back row: Nellie Dilsaver, Lucille Van Duyne Macy, Janet Snyder Arnold, Dorothy Aughinbaugh Fansler, Joe Van Duyne, Albert Woods, Kenneth Mikesell, Miriam Vawter - teacher. Miss Vawter got married in 1921 a month before school was out so Fred Van Duyne finished the year as teacher for the month of April. He was a senior in Rochester High School and had to get special permission to be a substitute teacher. This photo was found in the old Vawter house by its present occupant, Cathy Denton, who lent it to FCHS.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 51, p. 34]

MT. ZION SCHOOL
By Shirley Willard
The first school at Mt. Zion was held in the church at the Mt. Zion cemetery. When that building burned down, the term was finished in the Methodist Episcopal Church located on the hill at Mt. Zion where the gravel pit is now. A wood frame school was built in about 1860. In 1900 the floor caved in because of a large crowd attending a debate.
The next summer, 1901, a new brick building was constructed. This is the one we see now on its original same location, being used as a dwelling by Mr. and Mrs. John Nicks, on the north corner of 500E and 250S. This location is just north of the Mt. Zion bridge. Recently the brick building was covered with siding. The brick building was in service as a school until the fall of 1927 when the pupils were sent to Woodrow.
[Unpublished article by Shirley Willard]

MT. ZIONS SCHOOLS
By Fred K. Van Duyne
. . . the first school was in the church at the Mt. Zion Cemetery. When that structure burned, the term was finished in the Methodist Episcopal Church located on the hill at Mt. Zion.
The first record of a school at Mt. Zion was by reference in a land transaction between Hannah Davis to James Collins where the school yard had been set aside. This was in 1864. In 1856 Isaiah Hoover sold this same land to Hannah Davis with exceptons for the church yard, a Mill Site and Mill Yard, and a Grave Yard (fenced in and occupied). No mention then of a school yard, so the first school there could have been around 1860.
Older persons who attended the old frame school house were Della Pontius, age 93; Trella Harter, 93; Pearl Moore, 84 and Howard King, 78.
36 pupils - one room, one teacher - boys and girls 18 and 19 years old. What would a present day teacher do with a group like that?
Pearl Moore has a picture of the Rochester Township 8th Grade Graduating Class of 1901, taken at the Chapel of the Old College the day of their Graduating Exercises:
Those in the class were:
Fern Robertson, Elbie Murphy, Jim Moore, Quincey Vandergrift, Pearl Timbers, Ott Van Duyne, 2 Spurlock boys, Myrtle King, Bessie Sanders, Stacey Tobey, Ray Carr, Ray Mowe, Jesse Ralston, Roy Adamson, Jessie Sibert, Maude Mowe, Mary Richardson, Amy Smith, Ferry Porter, John Hoover, Roscoe Anderson.
Besides the usual Spelling Bees and Ciphering Matches and Box Socials, in those days much pleasure was also derived from the Literary Society. Many very hotly contested debates were held. The most outstanding debaters of the time were Jim Hutchinson from Athens, Stella Powell at Mt. Zion and Ross Sowers and Ben Mullican from near Macy. In one debate which was being argued concerning a stolen pig (which is quite another story) because of the overflow crowd in the old school house, the floor caved in. School continued in the building, even with the caved-in floor until the term was finished. The next summer, 1901, a new brick building was constructed. This is the one we see now on the same location, being used as a dwelling.
This brick building was in service until the fall of 1927 when the pupils of the school were sent to Woodrow. The building and land, no longer used for school purposes, automatically became the property of the Hartmans who owned the adjoining land. The Rochester Township Trustee, Bert Myers, signed the release.
Some of the teachers at Mt. Zion several teaching two, three and four years, are as follows: (These are not in exact chronological order.)
John Troutman, Roy Love, Sam Kent, Milt Whittenberger, Lottie Mackey, David Ginther, Bill Zimmerman, Minnie Sibert, Otto McMahan, Charles Hower, Leone McClung, Al Fenstermaker, Ezra Jones and Fred Deardorff.
Also Henry O. Robinson, Estil Ginn, Gale Zartman, Clifford Baggerly, Harry Champ, Ray Shelton, Von Mikesell, Alta Sayger, Miriam Vawter, Fred Fan Duyne, Byron Murphy, Hester Briggen, Dean Mow, Darle Pfeiffer and John DuBois.
The little brick school house still stands. The windows have been lowered; the heavy screens are missing; the big oak trees the basketball court, the woodshed to the west the two outdoor toilets to the north and the old pump to the east, with the rusty tin cup which everyody used are all gone.
But time can never erase the memories of them or of the good times spent there. The big dinners on the last day of school drew every parent and many others of the Community. Friends from Rochester would drop in on ths particular day.
[The] Day was never too busy and Mother never too weary to prepare a basket of food to take to school that Last Day. And the Last Day School Program featured dialogues, recitations, songs and spontaneous speeches. Following the program, the traditional baseball game between the Dads ad the Boys climaxed a perfect day. What a spirit of companionship everyone had!
All were anxious for the Last Day of School to come, but tears often were shed when teacher and pupil parted. And all were just as eager for the next school term to begin.
[FCHS Quarterly, June 1972 pp 6-7]
__________

Miss Ella Wilhelm is training the young ideas at Millark, and Miss Laura Shields presides gracefully at Mount Zion.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 16, 1874]

The Sprinkleburg literary society meets on Tuesday night. Ellsworth, on Friday night.
"Resolved that man hath immortality here on earth," is what engages the Mt. Zion debaters just now.
--- A Mt. Zion school boy by the name of Stoll, aged about ten or twelve years, got into a quarrel with one of his companions, last week, and made a vicious attack on him with a pocket knife, cutting him in several places but inflicting no serious injuries.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, March 3, 1876]

Curg Rannells is teaching the Mt. Zion school.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 15, 1876]

Curg Rannells has retired from the command of the Mt. Zion school and Miss Jo Davidson has been appointed in his stead. Curg goes into the postoffice at Rochester.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 22, 1876]

Miss Mary Sperry will teach the Sprinkleburg school this winter, A. F. Bowers at Union, and Curg Rannells at Mt. Zion.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, November 15, 1878]

Teachers: Fred Moore in 1901; Ray Isaac Shelton, 1916-18; Miriam Vawter; Fred Van Duyne finish 6 weeks; Jno. McClung

MUD CREEK SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
Franklin Leiter swings the birch over the Mud Creek school, and Fitch Montgomery presides over the Burton urchins. . . We had a "spellin' skule," Wednesday evening we had a good, sociable and instructive time. Walter Harding carried away the laurels. . . and also spelled the Mud Creek school down Thursday evening. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, December 22, 1876]

Samuel Barger's school, at Mud Creek, has been closed for the past week, owing to the sickness and death of his father.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, February 1, 1878]

The Mud Creek School is progressing very well. C. P. Hinman "wields the scepter and is Monarch of all he surveys." As a teacher, Charley is a success.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 27, 1879]

Teachers: F. H. Ernsperger
Bell Metzler, 1880-90
Anna Ingram, 1890-01
Mae Carruthers, 1891-92
Arthur Metzler, 1892-93
Mae Gordon, 1893-95

MUD LAKE SCHOOL [Liberty Township]
See Lake School

MUD SOCK/ELM GLEN SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
Located W side old US-31 at 250S.
Also called Elm Glen School.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Mud Sock or Elm Glen School, 1908. This school was located on the west side of the Peru Road, Old US-31, about two miles south of Rochester. Front row (sitting on step): Grace Quick, unknown. Row 2: Fred Camerer, Russell Overmyer, Hamilton "Hamp" Estabrook, Claude Keel, Sarah "Sadie" Estabrook, Harley Overmyer, Charlie Lowe, Oscar Lemon. Back row: Pearl Quick, Mamie Silbert - teacher, Florence Estabrook. (Photo: Mrs. Ray Baker)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 58, p. 78]

[photo] Olive (Mrs. Jacob) Camerer, mother of Omer and Henry Ed Camerer, Minnie Camerer Blackburn, and Addie (Mrs. Hubert) Quick. The Mudsock one-room school was on Omer Camerer's farm three miles south of Rochester on Old US-31. (Photo: Ruth Tetzlaff)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 71, p. 22]

MUDSOCK SCHOOL
By Shirley Willard
Mudsock School's real name was Elm Glen, but it was always called Mudsock because it stood in a low spot and often was surrounded by mud. This got the kids' socks muddy; hence the name. Most people do not remember the name Elm Glen at all. The date of its construction is unknown, but it closed around 1908 and its pupils went to Union School. Then it opened again in 1913 because John Westwood wanted it for his kids. It was open for only a year and then closed permanently.
Teachers were Gertrude Porter (who walked a mile from her home on 300S, now the Ned Halterman home; Gertrude later married Ed Allen, Macy). Lillian Mow (Mrs. Charles STurken) 1900-01, Edith Hoover (later Mrs. Hugh McMahan) 1906, Mamie Sibert 1908, Jessie Mcmahan 1913.
Mudsock or Elm Glen one-room school was located on the west side of the Peru Road, Old US-31, about two miles south of Rochester, about a half mile north of Woodrow School, on the present Dale Summers farm. This school had no district number. It is not shown in the 1876 atlas or in the 1883 atlas, but it is shown in the 1907 atlas. It was a brick school house.
Students at Mudsock the last year it was open were Fred and Tom Westwood, Russell and Harley Overmyer, Fred Camerer, and only one girl, Audrey Grandstaff (married Harry Knauff, who operated a garage at Perrysburg).
Fred Westwood, who operates Westwood Barber Shop in Rochester, lived with his parents up the lane where Mrs. Don Summers lives now, across the road from Mudsock School. He recalls the big oak tree, four feet in diameter, which stood at the north side of the school. The pupils would climb this tree and play in it. Of an evening Fred and his brother Tim would lay a rail across the road and when a car would come along, it would bounce twice and the headlights would go out. Then the driver had to stop and get out and relight the carbide lights with a match. The wife would say, "What was that we hit?" And the man would answer, "Just an old rail that fell off some farmer's wagon," and he would throw it off the road. After the car went on, the ornery Westwood boys would put the rail back across the road and hide and wait for the next car. There was nothing else to do for entertainent in those days.
The Westwood brothers would also hide in the bushes behind Mudsock School to watch the young lovers who would park their cars behind the old schoolhouse. They got a liberal education! Fred remembers the games they played at recess: Black Man, Duck on Davey, and Shinny on Your Own Side, which was like hockey, played by the boys with sticks and an old tin can. It got a little rough!
Fred said he attended Mudsock parts of a couple of different terms. When Mudsock closed, the pupils were sent to School 16 one year, to Green Oak another year. Westwood finished up his schooling at Green Oak and then at Woodrow.
After Mudsock School closed, the land reverted back to the Omer Camerer farm. The schoolhouse was torn down long ago, perhaps as early as the 1920's.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 58, pp 77-79]

There will be a temperance meeting held at the Mud Creek school house, Friday evening, for the purpose of organizing a lodge. All are invited to attend. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 1, 1875]
Teachers: Edith (Hoover) McMahan, 1906.

MUNGER / MONGER SCHOOL [#8] [Union Township]
Located between 750W and 800W, and N of 100N.
Built before 1876.
See: Monger School

[photo] Monger School 1902. Front Row: Esther and Grace Brooker, Lee Smith, Milo Mossman, Irvin Myers. Row 2: Guy and Earl Peterson, Lowell Myers, Gertrude Brooker, Laura Peterson, Laura Mossman. Back Row: Reed Lough, Ara Lough, Addie Lough, Ray Lough. (Photo: Geneva Brooker Hunneshagen)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 58]

[photo] Munger School near Bruce Lake Station five miles north of Kewanna in 1906. The teacher is Rex Haimbaugh, age 20. This is the first school in which he taught. (Photo donated to FCHS by Edna Haimbaugh Carey)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 68, p. 115]
[photo] Monger School 1909. Front Row: Geneva Brooker, Ulysses Crabill, John Peterson, Belle Moon, Dewey Crabill, Savilla Crabill. Row 2: Esther Peterson, Laura Greer, Esther Rarrick, Maude Brooker, Addie Brooker, Laura Peterson. Back Row: Ed Brooker, Guy Peterson, Earl Peterson, Harry Garman - teacher, Esther Brooker, Emma Peterson. (Photo: Mildred Brooker Hudkins)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49 p. 59]

[photo] Monger last day of school 1909, with visiting parents and families. Front Row: Esther Rarrick, Esther Peterson, Maude Brooker, John Peterson, Geneva Brooker, Mildred Brooker, Ulysses Crabill, Oscar Peterson, Laura Greer, Savilla Crabill, Dewey Crabill. Row 2: Earl Peterson, Guy Peterson, Ed Brooker, Emma Peterson, Mrs. David Brooker holding Nobelene, Laura Peterson, Belle Moon, Addie Brooker, Mrs. Oscar Peterson, Maude Lough. Row 3: Lowell Myers, Mrs. Della Crabill, Mrs. Nellie Brooker, Callie Lough, Mrs. Henry Moon, Grace Brooker, Mrs. Bill Greer, Esther Brooker. Back Row: Esther Crabill holding Carl, David Brooker, Oscar Peterson, Walter Brooker, Henry Moon, Bill Greer, Bill Rarrick, Harry Garman - teacher. (Photo: Mildred Brooker Hudkins)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 60]

[photo] Old Monger School 1913, the last fall school was held here. Front Row: Nobelene Brooker, Chloe Stingley, Mildred Brooker, Oscar Peterson, Carl Crabill, Esther Stingley, Mary Peterson. Row 2: Ruth Wharton, Marion Wharton, Marguerite Moon, Geneva Brooker, Ulysses Crabill, Maude Hetzner. Back Row: Fred Stingley, Pearl Hetzner, Savilla Crabill, Esther Rarrick, Mabel Hetzner, Maude Brooker. Teacher in center back - Leroy Hoff. (Photo: Nobelene Brooker Spencer)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 62]

[photo] The new Monger School was built in 1913. This photo was taken in 1917-18, and has written on the back: Bybee School, District 8, Union Township. John Bybee was the trustee who built the new Monger School, but the name was never officially changed to Bybee, and it remained Monger School. (Photo: Fern Ewing Master)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 63]

[photo] New Monger School 1916-17. Front Row: Gladys Cox, Raymond Bowers, Ross Morris, Cecil Fields, Geneva Morris, Mary Peterson. Row 2: Carl Crabill, Ogden Marsh, Nobelene Brooker, William Moon, Jesse Baker, Oscar Peterson, Guilford Bowers, Clarence Cox. Row 3: Ulysses Crabill, Ethel Baker, Maude Hetzner, Lyman Morris, Marguerite Moon, Wallace Morris, Louvena Fields. Back Row: Mildred Brooker, Pearl Hetzner, Gladys Fields, Marjorie Mathias, Dessie Bowers, Eldon Walters - teacher, Lloyd Mathias. (Photo: Nobelene Brooker Spencer)
FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 64]

[photo] School souvenir booklet for Monger 1917 shows teacher Eldon Walters on the front and lists the pupils and school officials inside: District No. 8, Union Twp., Fulton Co.,, Ind. Eldon Walters, teacher. Henry L. Becker, Co. Supt. School Board: George Garman, Trustee, Ora Marsh, Hackman. Pupils: PRIMARY GRADE: Raymond Bowers, Geneva Morris. THIRD GRADE: Gladys Cox, Gilford Bowers, Carl Crabill, Mary Peterson, Jesse Baker, William Moon. FOURTH GRADE: Maud Hetzner, Ross Morris, Clifford Moore, Clarence Cox, Ogden Marsh, Cecil Fields. FIFTH GRADE: Ethel Baker, Marjorie Mathias, Nobeline Brooker. SIXTH GRADE: Marguerite Moon, Lyman Morris, Katherine Moore, Ulysses Crabill. SEVENTH GRADE: Dessie Bowers, Louvena Fields, Pearl Hetzner, Mildred Brooker, Wallace Morris, Oscar Peterson. EIGHTH GRADE: Loyd Mathias, Gladys Fields. (From Nobelene Brooker Spencer)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 65]

[photo] Monger School decorated for Christmas c. 1917. The teacher's desk and chair are to the right. A partition with two doors leads to the cloak rooms; one for girls and one for boys. The school's only outside door is in the cloak room. (Photo: Maude Hetzner Kale)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 61]

[photo] Chloe Ewing Johnson's buggy at Monger School, with three unidentified children playing in it, showing the woods across the road from the school 1917-18. Ben and Madlyn Fort live in the Monger schoolhouse today, converted into a lovely home. The woods is still part of the scenery from their front window. (Photo: Chloe Ewing Johnson)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 66]

[photo] Monger School 1920-21. Front Row: Ermal Crabill, Raymond Bowers, Marie Heims, Bertha Cox, Boyd Henderson, Cecil Kelly Carruthers - teacher. Row 2: Cecil Fields, Leonard Woodcox, Hubert Woodcox, Ruth Hosimer, Bertha Woodcox, Kenneth Reffett. Back Row: Ogden Marsh, William Moon, Jonah Woodcox, Carl Crabill, Clarence Cox, Paul Woodcox, Maude Hetzner. (Photo: Maude Hetzner Kale)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 67]

[photo] Munger School 1926. Front Row: Evelyn Zellers, Lorena Dukes, Jud Hudkins, Raymond Pickens, Paul Mollencup, Bryant Bixler, Catherine Crabill, Betty Zellers, Ralph Pickens, Irene Heimes, Betty Crabill, Oliver Bixler. Row 2: Ermal Bixler, Lois Brooker (Crill), Helen Smith (Anderson), Lucille Crabill (Byers), Josephine Brooker (Talbott), Francis Hudkins, Ermal Crabill, Carl Heimes, Ray Bixler. Back Row: Herman Pickens, Lester Master, Ruth Mollencup, Helen Pickens, Marie Heimes, Ralph Bixler, Herbert Montgomery - teacher. (Photo: Helen Anderson)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 45, p. 62]

[photo] Monger School, 1982, residence of Benjamin and adlyn Fort, R. $, Rochester, located on the west side of 700W, south of 150N. The school, built in 1913, is the taller structure on the right. Forts added the garage on the left in 1976-77, being careful to match the bricks in the original building. This photo shows the south side that faces the road. (Photo: Madlyn Master Fort)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 70]

[photo] Monger School, 1982, north side. While the original school building has only one floor, the Forts added an upstairs but did not make the building taller. The new roof was added by Forts also. (Photo: Madlyn Master Fort)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, p. 71]

THE MONGER SCHOOL
Compiled by Benjamin Barrett Fort
On Aug. 31, 1867, Jacob and Christina Winbaugh (heirs of the Joseph Clayton estate in the original school District Number One in Union Township) sold to Daniel and Jane Monger 160 acres of land as recorded in the Fulton County Courthouse Oct. 14, 1867. On June 20, 1868, Daniel and Jane Monger deeded one-half acre of said land, the S.E. corner of the S.W. quarter of the S.W. quarter of Section 2, Township 30, Range 1 to Union Township trustee Thomas Wilson for schoolhouse purposes. The real estate was to fall back to the heirs of those originally owning said real estate when not required for school purposes. The Monger School was buiilt in 1868 as a frame structure with narrow wood sheeting unpainted. The old Monger School was locate on county road 150 North, half way between 750 and 800 West on the south side of the road. The road 150 North betwen 750 and 800 West has since been abandoned and at present is farm land.
The building was approximately 24 feet wide and 36 feet long sitting on the south side of the east-west road. The back of the school on the south side had no windows but a blackboard the approximate room width and the teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. (Incidentally, the blackboard was the best in the county yet in 1913 and was taken to the new Monger School as having the best available slate.) Both the east and west sides had three windows on each side covered with heavy wire screens to avoid window breakage from playground activities. The front of the building had one single door in the center of the structure with a chimney to the right center of the front of the schoolhouse. Inside was a wood-burning stove located in the center of the room with a stove pipe extending upward and across to the chimney outlet held in place by wire extensions from the ceiling. The school desks were single units, movable in fashion, sitting facing the teacher's desk or in a southward position both across and around the stove in the center.
On the first day of school students arrived early to choose their seats near the rear of the building. The single units could be pushed together to make double desks and your stay as such was only interrupted when you got into trouble. A recitation bench was in front of the seated students for individual class participation.
Since the David Brooker family residence was across the road from the Old Monger School, a very short distance to the east, members of this family, being students at Monger too, cleaned the school each fall before starting time. After the school year started, the school janitor was the current teacher. In the early 1880's Union Township paid $9,280 for the Terre Haute and Logansport Railroad to include the township on its line between Logansport and South Bend. The line was completed in 1885 and went north-south through Wayne Union and Aubbeenaubbee townships in Fulton County. Since the line went through both Bruce Lake Station and Kewanna, it provided a new avenue for incoming teachers making their way to the old Monger School. Some would live in Kewanna, take the train daily to Bruce Lake Station and walk to school about two and one-half miles to start the fire and arrange the classroom prior to teaching chores.
The old Monger School served a wide expanse during its tenure. The small frame structure was known to have as many as 72 students enrolled. As there was no high school training available at that time, any age student could get further education at Monger. Of course, the 72 pupils in the student body was not the average daily attendance as a vast majority attended school only when farm work was not available, and at that the school year for many was only for three or four months.
It made no difference how often or how long students attended the Monger School, the school spirit was present. They had outside toilets, no electricity, water was carried from the David Brooker residence by pail prior to 1908 and all students drank out of the same dipper. All in the school community yet had time for spelling matches and the patrons brought their own lanterns for the box socials.
After 1900, with Union Township gaining in population and with tenant farmers moving each March, school attendance and personnel varied. We have a 1902 picture of students at the Old Monger School.
The teacher at Monger for the school year 1903-04 was Sam Trickle. Monger students included Laura Peterson, Ema Peterson, Gertrude Brooker, Mae Woodcox, Laura Mossman, Grace Brooker, Esther Brooker, Zina Mossman, Mabel Mossman, Addie Brooker, Ed Brooker, Irvin Myers, Lowell Myers, Lee Smith, Earl Peterson, Guy Peterson, and Milo Mossman.
On May 11, 1904, several students met at the Henry Hoover home at 800 East and 350 South in the Sugar Grove School area. A few years ago at this location a door from the old Monger School was found by Keith and Rosemary Hollingsworth, noting the door's authenticity and several student's names written on the door. Names included Ellis Riley, Roscoe Burkett, Clyde Burch, Benny Bacon, Don Burch and Ralph Bacon from the Sugar Grove area and Milo Mossman from the Monger area. Others present at the meeting were Eva Siddell and Russell Burch from Sugar Grove and Robert and Laura Mossman from Monger.
In 1907 a series of events typified school day activities at the Monger School. The teacher in charge was Howard Conn. Extra curricular affairs of teaching personnel at that time varied. Mr. Conn was a wildlife explorer and many times would leave the teaching to one of his advanced students, (that is his older student) Esther Brooker. He would often yell at her from a distance to tell her to start the school day for him and he would come in late after he had shot a fowl, caught something in the ditch, or possibly tackled a skunk. He carried his gun to class and often would shoot a squirrel or rabbit through the window while school was in session.
On one occasion in 1907 his old faithful, Esther Brooker, while her teacher Mr. Conn was presenting a lesson on the blackboard, threw a paperwad at him and hit his celluloid collar. In anger the teacher turned and said he would reprimand the culprit and student. Irvin Myers blushed and as he was larger than his teacher, even though he did not commit the act, Mr. Conn withdrew his threat.
In 1907 one of the playground activities was that of playing shinny. Student participation became quite active and on one occasion teacher Howard Conn accidentally hit student Ed Brooker on the back with his shinny club. Across the road father David Brooker became angry and would not allow Monger School to carry water in the future by bucket to the school to satisfy the thirst of the students. In 1908 the old Monger School had a well driven.
We have a 1909 picture of students at the old Monger School and a 1909 picture of students and parents the last day of school at Monger.
As 1913 approached, the old Monger School had outlived its usefulness. The floors were sagging, the windows rotted, the roof in disrepair, and building of new schools had been taking place in the county. John E. Bybee was trustee of Union Township and on July 8, 1913, Union Township purchased from Isabelle Lough one acre of ground for school purposes, three-quarters of a mile east of the old Monger School at the corner of 700 West and 150 North in the new school District Number 8.
1913 was the year of other building projects in Union Township. A Carnegie grant of $8,000 was pending to Kewanna for the construction of a new library. With a new school building under construction in the township and possibly a new library at the same time, the Wheels of Progress were in action and likewise some manipulation. All public buildings to date had been constructed of soft bricks made locally but as the new library was to be built of imported hard brick so was the new school building. Thus, in building the new school in 1913 there was a mix-up on the building plans. Some improper figuring was in the operation and Union Township had to pay $3,000 more than expected to complete building operations.
The new Monger School was 24 feet wide and 32 feet long with a 10 foot extension in length for the front entrance and boy's and girl's sections for coats and lunches. There was no door on the solid back of the structure, the chimney was on the south side near the rear with the rest of the south side solid with a blackboard on the inside. On the north side were all tall windows while on the east or front of the building facing the road was a double door in the center with large windows on each side providing light for the boy's and girl's cloak room separation inside for wraps and lunch. To enter the schoolroom one had to go to the left of the center partition in back of which was the teacher's desk with a flag of Old Glory on the partition behind the desk. We have a picture showing this arrangement during Christmas festivities.
The student desks were in four rows running length wise of the room facing the teacher to the east. The school was equipped with all new desks with ink wells.The walls were painted all white and anyone marking on the walls would get a paddling. There was a recitation bench in front of the teacher's desk and anyone late for school had to pass to the left of the teacher's desk to get in and suffer the consequences. The school had an oversized pot-bellied stove, surrounded by a metal jacket located in the far left hand corner of the room and the building was hard to heat. Both wood and sometimes coal were burned in the stove but most of the heat went out the top as there was no circulation of heat present. As the school day started during cold weather students and teacher would sit and sometimes stand near the stove at the rear of the building until the temperature in the classroom warmed up because students and teacher some distance from the stove practically fooze in the wintertime. The school had a pump outside to the left of the front entrance of the building from which the student body quenched their thirst by all drinking from the same cup.
In September 1913 school began at the old Monger School for the 1913-14 school year. We have a picture of the 19 students at the old Monger School at that time with their teacher Leroy Hoff. On Nov. 1, 1913, these 19 students, carrying their dinner pails and books, made the 3/4 mile walk from the old Monger School to the new Monger School.
John Bybee, Union Township trustee, wanted the new school named the Bybee School and Maude Brooker made a motion to that effect but it was voted down and the name Monger has always stood. In the Fulton County Courthouse in some of the legal transactions the name Monger has been changed to Munger but for school purposes, verified by many pupils, teachers and the Kewanna Herald in a newspaper article of Sept. 20, 1918 the name was, is and will always be Monger - the last one-room school built in Fulton County. We have a picture of the 1913 new Monger School.
With a new school in operation some pupils came from a greater distance. From the north and east came the Burton School pupils as the two-mile radius drew new students as schooling became more in demand.Walking to school from all directions soon developed walking paths with daily travelers. Students coming the greater distance would set the pace, to be joined by fellow classmates as their houses were passed, so by the time school was reached, the walking ones would arrive about the same time from each direction. Departure from school, after a hard day in the classroom, would proceed in somewhat the same manner in reverse. By 1913 the walking was soon replaced by a school hack using horse and buggy in good weather and a mud boat in the winter time. The school hackman was Ora Marsh and his mudboat was a bobsled made from an old grain bed with an improvised top. There was straw on the floor and heated bricks were provided to retain heat in the wintertime.
In 1914-15 Arthur Felder was the teacher. In 1915-16 and 1916-17 Eldon Walters was the teacher. We have a picture of the 1916-17 class at the new Monger School along with a 1917 school souvenir.
The last day of school always drew a crowd of local parents for joyous festivities. Included on the agenda was a carry-in dinner spread by the adults of the community. One of the dishes in particular on the last day for the school year 1916-17 created quite a spectacle when a roasted chicken already prepared was placed on the table turned feet up with its spurs still attached.
While the new Monger School had been built and was in operation 3/4 of a mile east of its old setting, the David Brooker family also moved approximately 3/4 mile east of the old setting, having constructed a new home more in the center of their extensive farmland. More than ever the Booker homestead entered into furure activities at the New Monger School.
During the school year 1917-18 Cloe Ewing was the teacher. Mrs. Cloe Ewing Johnson is the sister of Mrs. Fern Ewing Master, mother of my wife, Madlyn Master Fort. Miss Ewing lived with her parents on State Road 14 near 525 West where Dave Smith now resides. She drove a horse and buggy to school and one or both were kept in a shed to the left past the rear of the building and the horse grazed nearby while shcool was in session. We have a picture of her buggy at school showing the 10 acre woods across the road to the east which is part of our scenery in 1982.
For the school year 1918-19 Madge House was the teacher. She resided in Kewanna with her parents, daily rode the train to Bruce Lake Station, walked the three miles to school and did janitorial work at school before teaching and repeated the same procedure in the evening in reverse. Teachers were recent high school graduates with summer school training prior to their teaching assignment. Some students were the age of their teacher, and as the prospective number of single males available was limited, many a school mistress sometimes was courted by one of their students. To Miss House, embarrassment was shown when one of her student boyfriends left his overshoes at her home on a "date" and she was forced to return such to him the next day at school.
Mildred Brooker Hudkins and Nobelene Brooker Spencer recall that the county library bookmobile came once a month to Monger School. The bookmobile also came to their house in the summertime.
In 1919-20 the teacher was Gladys Hoesel. Miss Hoesel was a very beautiful feminine young lady who was well liked by her students as was teacher Cecilia Kelly (Carruthers) in 1920-21. Miss Kelly had just graduated from Rochester High School in 1920 prior to accepting the Monger position at $60 per month. She lived with her parents just west of Rochester and drove a horse and buggy to school daily. Being the age of some of her pupils she was able to get her horse cared for daily without much trouble. We have a picture of the 1920-21 class at the New Monger School.
The teacher for the 1921-22 school year was Lora Hoover. Miss Hoover lived with her parents, who were very religious and tenant farmers, on the vast Scott farms on State Road 14 about 550 West. She drove a horse and buggy daily to school and wore very conservative clothes; the students made fun of her dress and played tricks on her constantly. Miss Hoover had a younger brother who attended Monger and came to school with his sister. This brother would not be blamed for acts that he committed which perturbed fellow classmates. As a matter of recourse the nuts holding the wheels on the buggy were removed so upon leaving school premises one late fall evening, their teacher and her brother along with the dismantled buggy, fell to their bottoms and were dragged a short distance before the horse came to a halt.
Former Monger student, Ed Brooker, yet residing in the household of David Brooker, created quite an amusing spectacle to the Monger student body by his graceful ice-skating on an adjacent pond during winter months. He would let venturesome students hold on to his coat tails as he glided across the ice cheered on by his captive audience. David Brooker acted as a watch dog as to daring acrivities of Monger students. At the abandoned Peterson home east of the woods across the road from the Monger School were apple trees which bore tasteful fruit. Girl students would act as informers to boy students when playground pursuits would entail taking apples without permission, contrary to the wishes of both Mr. Brooker and their teacher. The David Brooker house was directly north of the New Monger School on the 1/2 mile road separating the school property and the Brooker farm. Until quite recently the Robert Plantz family resided at this location as did Milo and Letha Hott, prior to the farm being sold to Paul Grube. The Jonnie Anderson family occupies the dwelling at present.
From the beginning of the new Monger School the David Brooker household served as living quarters for many of the teachers during the bad months of winter. During this time the 1/2 mile road to the north of school was the weekly route of the huckster wagon from Leiters Ford operated by Earl See. The huckster managed to arrive on Friday at the Brooker establishment either at noon or during the recess break and Monger students antagonized their teacher to observe and sometimes purchase items from this store on wheels.
Outside plumbing facilities were quite noticeable at this time. The school had "his" and "her" buildings to the right and left rear of the school respectively. When the buildings were in use, especially the one to the left, it was bombarded with rocks, walnuts and sticks during good weather and by snowballs during winter months. On one occasion in the fall of the year one of its student occupants, upon leaving said building, was hit in the head by a flying object which happened to be a clinker from the stove. She was knocked out, had to be revived by her teacher, and suffered a severe cut above her eye.
The boys were further enticed to engage in mischievous activities by representatives of the adult male members of the community. One certain male student was paid a penny a day providing he at least receive one whipping a day from his teacher. As you can see, there never was a dull moment at the Monger School. It was no wonder the tenure of teachers at this institution of higher learning had no lengthy duration.
Consolidation had been considered for sometime in Union Township between Monger School and the Russell School to favor all the pupils and the need in the township to support jointly only one school in the area. The Russell School was located on State Road 14 at 775 West where the Pinhook Grange Hall is presently located. It was agreed upon that area students one year would attend the Russell School and the next year the Monger School. In 1922-23 Monger School classes were discontinued and then students attended Russell School with Mildred Britton as the teacher. In 1923-24 the reverse took place with Mildred Britton the teacher at Monger School, and Russell School was not in session.
For the school year 1924-25 school was held in the area again at Russell School with Gertrude McLochlin the teacher. Teachers in the past sometimes had trouble with both students and parents but for this school year all found an equal. "Miss Gertrude," as she was known by her students, lived in Kewanna and drove to school in a Model T Ford. She had control in class and the community supported her disciplinary manner. Students prospered by her individual tutoring in an atmosphere conducive to learning. This was the last year for Russell School to have classes. In 1925-26 classes were reversed in the area at Monger School with again "Miss Gertrude" the teacher. Coming daily from Kewanna in her car, she acted as the hackman for the former Russell students attending school at Monger. She was paid 10 cents per day per pupil for transportation to school by the Union Township trustee. The daily student passenger load consisted of from six to eight pupils.
In 1926-27 the teacher at Monger was Herbert Montgomery. The combined area brought more students daily to attend classes. By now transportation was provided for students from a distance by a Model T car with side curtains.
In 1927-28 history was to be written and finished with regard to schooling at Monger. The teacher for 1927-28 was Ralph Wringer. Mr. Wringer was considered by his student body a great teacher and he stayed in the community with the Frank Hudkins family while teaching at Monger. He played a guitar and would sing folk songs and entertain in the school area. Since high school eduation was available at Kewanna and further consolidation of township schools was taking place after the 1927-28 school year, Monger School was abandoned permanently.

Monger School teachers:
1908-10: Harry Garman
1910-11: Loyd Collins,
1911-13 Edith Wentzel (taught first semester of 1912-13 before her marriage)
1912-13: LeLonia McDowell (taught second semester)
1913-14: Leroy Hoff
1914-15: Arthur Felder
1915-17: Eldon Walters
1917-18: Cloe Ewing
1918-19: Madge House
1919-20: Gladys Hoesel
1920-21: Cecilia Kelly
1921-22: Lora Hoover
1922-23: Mildred Britton (at Russell School with Monger students)
1923-24: Mildred Britton (at Monger School with Russell students)
1924-25: Gertrude McLochlin (at Russell School with Monger students)
1925-26: Gertrude McLochlin (Russell School was abandoned when school closed
in 1925)
1926-27: Herbert Montgomery
1927-28: Ralph Wringer (last year at Monger School).
On Dec. 14, 1934, Union Township trustee Pearl I. Reed sold the one acre of ground with building on said premises (the Monger School) back to the Albert Ray and Elizabeth Lough estate. Mr. and Mrs. Lough converted said building to a dwelling suitable for living quarters. Mr. Lough died in 1943 and Elizabeth Lough continued to reside in the schoolhouse dwelling for some time; later it was a house rental before being sold in 1964 by Mrs. Elizabeth Lough Graffis to Benjamin and Madlyn Fort of Indianapolis, Indiana.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 49, pp 54-72]

RUSSELL MONGER AND BRUCE LAKE STATION,
EARLY SCHOOL YEARS (1921-28)
By Catherine Crabill Kough
Remembrances of my early school years in the Union Township one-room schools Russell, Munger and Bruce Lake Station. It is amazing how much one forgets; my sister, Lucile (Crabill) Byers helped me with this sketch.
Lucile attended the Bruce Lake Station School in her first year, but can't remember the teacher. Her second school year was at the Munger School. This school was located about six miles northeast of Kewanna next to the David Brooker farm. One year the students would attend the Munger School and the next year go to the Russell School. This I presume was to favor all the pupils in the area. Russell School was located on state road 14, where the Grange building is located and it was closer to Kewanna.
In her third year she attended the Russell School, and Mildred Britton was the teacher. They had a grand time making rag rugs, etc., until it was time for the final exams, when most of the pupils failed. One of the pupils that passed was Ruth Mollencup.
The ground in the schoolyard was rather sandy, and the pupils had a great time digging tunnels. This was halted by a visit from the trustee, who was horrified at their accomplishment. He was afraid it would cave in on them.
The next year was my first year attending school, which was the Munger School's turn. Miss Laura Hoover was the teacher. She drove a horse and buggy to school. When she arrived she would put the horse and buggy in a shed that was located near the school. The children had a great time climbing on top of this shed, usually against the teacher's wishes. There were about 30 pupils at the beginning of the year; by the end of the year there were five. Some of the older students quit and some moved elsewhere. She had no control over the older boys. To correct them she would get a piece of her harness. Lucile said she doubted she had any harness left by the end of the year. The five pupils at year's end were - third grade - Josephine Brooker and Lucile Crabill; second grade - Lois Brooker and Ermal Crabill; first grade - Catherine Crabill.
One form of entertainment was to wrap the rope from the flagpole around the pole, then swing from it. This I don't remember, but Lucile does and you can bet she was in the midst of the affair. She was very much a "Tom-boy". Mother used to say if she wanted Lucile, she would look in a tree.
When we attended Munger School, we walked a mile and a quarter in all kinds of weather. I don't remember of my father taking us to school. Some of the pupils who walked to school with us were Raymond Bowers; Helen and Irene Kissinger; Ruth and Paul Mollencup and Josephine Brooker. Sometimes we would meet the Myers boys, Theodore and Ray, at the corner. As the one living the farthest distance would pass by the next house, we would fall in step. We all carried our lunch boxes or brown paper sacks along with our books.
When I was in the second grade (1926) it was back to Russell School. I think this was the last year for this school. Gertrude McLochlin was the teacher. One occurance that stands out in my mind is a visit from the lady from the health office. It might be because of a feeling of guilt when she made a fuss at my giving the correct answer to a question she asked. She asked the correct way to brush your teeth. I had peeked out of the corner of my eye and saw one of the older students motion up and down, so I did the same.
One of the most embarrassing moments was when the teacher caught me whispering to a boy; as punishment I had to sit with him.
There were always the social gatherings at the schools and were big events, especially for the pupils. There would be cake walks, programs and I remember the refreshment booths. These events were attended by the parents.
Lucile recalls an incident which occurred when she dropped her pencil. The girl across the aisle, trying to be helpful, started to pick it up at the same time Lucile did. The teacher thought they were fighting so she made them stand in front of the room and told them to fight. Since they were friends and weren't mad at each other, this was a real task. The teacher told them they had to stand there until they fought, so finally Lucile hauled off and gave the other girl a bloody nose. She felt so bad about this, she gave he the banana she had for lunch.
I suppose one remembers the bad experiences more vividly than the good ones. One very bad experience happened when I was in the second grade. The bus was a Model T car with side curtains (that Lucile had to hold shut with her hands) and no heater. One very cold day the teacher's car wouldn't start so the bus driver offered to push the car. Since she lived in Kewanna, they headed that way. We pushed her half way to Kewanna, and then had to turn around and make the route. By this time we were nearly frozen, and I can remember Lucile rolling on the floor and crying of the pain in her hands. Believe me, this was one time my mother was up in arms. It was back to Munger School when I was in third grade with Herbert Montgomery as teacher. One incident that stands out in my mind was a girl coming to school with make-up on. She was made to stand in front of the room. She stood there for a few minutes, then out the door and walked five miles to her home.
In the fourth grade (Munger School) Ralph Wringer was the teacher. He was a great teacher and stayed with the Frank Hudkins family. It was a treat to have Mr. Wringer come to our house and spend the evening. The school had a large pot-bellied stove to heat the room. For a time the girls would bring foodstuff to cook their lunch on top of this stove. It worked for awhile until our lunch hour got over-extended and I think Mrs.David Brooker was imposed upon a bit from our borrowing pots, pans, etc.
We played the usual games children played at that time. One in particular Lucile remembered was called "The Prince Has Lost His Hat." I can't recall all the students attending the Russell and Munger schools, so please excuse if some are omitted. Bernice and Vera Baldwin; Marie and Carl Hines; Herman, Helen, Esther Pickens; Francis and Judd Hudkins; Ray and Theodore Myers; Nobelene Hott (maybe she was just visiting); Helen and Irene Kissinger; Josephine Brooker; Lois Brooker; Helen Smith; Frances Gillespie; Ermal Crabill; Raymond Bowers; Ruth and Paul Mollencup; Lucile, Catherine and Betty Crabill.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 45, pp 60-65]

MONGER SCHOOL
By Chloe Stingley Washburn:
I was born in Union Township in 1903. My first school year was at old Monger or Munger School, District No. 8. It was an old frame building, unpainted, with one room with an entry for coats. A hearing stove burned wood to keep us warm.
Some of the families who went there were Brookers, Petersons, and Marshes. My parents also went to this old school.
My first teacher was Harry Garman. He came by our place on the way to school and would carry me on his shoulder most of the way. This was 1909; in 1910 we moved to Illinois where Dad had work. I can't remember anything about the school or my teacher there. All I can remember about that time was seeing Haley's comet. When we came back in 1911 Edith Wentzel (who became Richardson) was teacher. When she left in 1912 Latona McDowell finished the term. That fall (1914) we moved to the new brick school where Leroy Huff was teacher. Next was Arthur Felder in 1915.
Then we moved to Bruce Lake Station in 1916 where Dola Garman was the teacher. My 7th and 8th grades were under Plaudia Enyeart, teacher in 1917-18. Since I had no way of going to high school and was not old enough to leave school, I took the 8th grade another year under Helen Gould (1918-19). To graduate we had to go to Rochester and take an exam. I was terrified but came through with passing grades.
The families attending Station School were Hendricks, Guise, Campbell, Hecktor, Harris, Engle, Perkins, Lebo, Bixler, Hunneshagen, and Smith.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 45, pp 71-72]
D. Lough [has charge of] Mongers School.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1873]

A few nights ago there was a Grange organized at the Monger School House, this making two granges in Union township.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, February 5, 1874]

Teachers: Faye Studebaker, 1905.

MUSIC [Fulton County]
William Carrothers is teaching vocal music at the following places in Fulton county: Green Oak, M.E. Church, Olive Branch Church, U. B. Zion Church, Champ's School House, Fulton, and in Birmingham and Perrysburg, in Miami county.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 25, 1873]

Miss Ella Rex is now organizing a class for instructions in instrumental music. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, January 15, 1874]

Mr. Jaqua has commenced singing school here.
[Fulton Scribblings, Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, May 28, 1874]

Miss Shannon, of Lebanon, Ohio, has organized a class in vocal and instrumental music. . .
[Akron and Vicinity, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, June 11, 1875]

The people of this place are enjoying a protracted term of singing school, under the efficient management of Mr. Will Coruthers.
[Mud Creek News Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, July 2, 1875]

The music class under the guidance of Miss Shannon is a perfect success. . .
[Akron and Vicinity, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, July 30, 1875]

Singing school next Wednesday evening, Mr. Shelton, our teacher, is quite an intelligent young gentleman.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 1, 1875]

Prof. J. A. Smith, and Miss Ella Rex, of this place, will conduct a musical institute, at Francisville, commencing October 17th.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 8, 1875]

The second annual musical convention of the Kewanna Musical Society will be held at this place commencing on Dec. 25th and continuing five days, closing with a grand concert on Saturday evening, 30th inst.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 9, 1876]

Parties in LaPorte who are organizing a theatrical troupe are negotiating with W. F. Strong of Akron to comprise the leader of the orchestra. He is a diligent young man and never takes any chances in life, but always attends to business promptly in advance.
[Here and There by Dick Sands, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 24, 1877]

Two young bloods known as Alvy Cuffle and Clint. Davidson attended a singing school a few miles east of here the other night, and after indulging in some harsh language soon engaged in the "manly art" commonly known as knocking. An old grudge has existed between the parties for some time, and they adopted this intellectual mode of settlement which brought them both before 'Squire Rees who fined them in accordance with the extent of their pugilistic qualities.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 21, 1877]

MYERS SCHOOL [#7] [AubbeenaubbeeTownship]
Also called Bush School.
Located N side of 300N approximately 1050W.
Built before 1876; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
Another school, located S side of 300N approximately 1075W.
Built between 1876 and 1883; abandoned between 1883 and 1907.
__________

Myers School (section 32) was located one-fourth mile east of 1100W on the south side of 300N. It was named for being on the Henry Myers farm. It was sometimes called Bush school because it was by the Bush (later called Zion) church. Teachers were Louisa Medora (Mrs. William McMahan, 1868; Bert Myers 1900; Elmer Cook 1906; Emma Miller 1908; Guy Shadel 1909-10; John Gorsline; John Werner; Will Werner; Melvin Hay; Merl Hay; John Newcomer (who got pneumonia and couldn't finish the year); Kit Slonaker (finished Newcomer's term); Stephen Milliser; Martha Cook; Stella Bailey; Frank Newcomer; Harry Ginther; Bertha Baldwin; Carrie VanKirk; Paul Guise 1911; Joe Guise; Olive Guise; Marie Sheets; and Martin Galbraith.
Guy Shadel recalls, "The school term of 1909-10 when I taught my first term at the Myers school 4-1/2 miles southwest of my parents' home, I walked each way every day going and coming from teaching about 40 children from beginners (called chart class then) to and including the 8th grade. In February of 1910 we had an icy condition when everything was a glare of ice. Farmers couldn't get their horses or cattle outside for water even. All roads then were gravel and for three days I put my skates on at home and skated the entire 4-1/2 miles on the gravel road. There was not much traffic; no one was on the road. I went home the same way."
Patrons of Myers school included Frances Burns, S. C. Overmyer, Frank Overmyer, Ed Wentzel, Nat Lewis, Francis Bruce, Myers, Wolf, Hay, Emons, Denny, Jessie Balls, John Kennedy, Fermin Powell, Adams, Manuel, Wright, Dan Joist, and Guise. Myers school burned down in 1918.
[FCHS Quarterly, No. 17, p. 6]

Correction to history of Aubbee's one-room schools: Louisa Medora McMahan, lwho taught at Myers School in 1868, was not Mrs. William McMahan, but the daughter of William McMahan. She married George Myers in 1877 and was the mother of Bert Myers, and grandmother of Arthur Myers, who sent this information.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 18, p. 33]

NAFE SCHOOL [Rochester Township]

NEWCASTLE TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS
The teachers of Newcastle Township have petitioned the Trustees for janitor fees.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 15, 1879]
__________

The following is quoted from the Fulton County 1883 Atlas by Kingman Brothers, page 45..
"In the winter of 1839-40, Ambrose Meredith conducted a school in his own house. This was the first school ever taught in the township, and according to the usual custom of the times, was sustained by private subscriptions. During the following spring, the citizens erected a log schoolhouse on the Ambrose Meredith farm, and Mr. Meredith was engaged to teach during the next term.
"On the Decatur Irvin farm, a similar building was erected in 1842 or 1843, and another was erected on the John Culver farm in 1842, and Robert Gordon was engaged as teacher. About the same time, a log schoolhouse was erected on the Samuel Ball farm, and another on the farm of George Sanns. These were all sustained by a tuition fund contributed by the parents of children who attended the schools. About the year 1845, the township was divided into school districts, and the public money in the hands of the township trustees was applied in partial payment of the school expenses, after which schoolhouses were erected in each of the several districts. From this time there was a perceptible improvement in the condition of the schools, which has gone steadily onward in the intervening years.
"South of the S. H. Farry farm, in Section 23, a log schoolhouse was erected in 1845 or 1846, in which only a few terms had been taught when the patrons became dissatisfied with the action of the trustees in the division of the district, and the school was demoralized and broken up in consequence of this strife. The citizens chiefly interested then united in the erection of a schoolhouse, maintaining a school at their own expense. By the action of the trustees, the old building had been torn down, and some of its former scholars assigned to another district, somewhat remote from their homes. The new building was erected on the site of the old, and was called "Independence Schoolhouse," from the spirit in which it was built, as well as from the fact that it was independent of the control exercised by the trustees over the township schools. It had the best of teachers, and it is said that no school in the township ever had a more prosperus existence or a larger enrollment of scholars. It was maintained thus by private patronage for a number of years until the present fee school law became operative, and in 1856 this building was succeeded by Center Schoolhouse.
"The adoption of the provisions made for free public education by the revised Constitution of 1851, was the beginning of a new era, during which the schools have reached a high degree of perfection and usefullness. A small tax is levied for their support, and only persons of ability are eligible to the position of teacher, while their benefits are free to all who have the disposition to enjoy them. The township is divided into nine districts, in each of which there is a substantial frame school building, while school is taught during a period of from three to six months each year."
[FCHS Quarterly No. 24, pp. 10-11]

NIGHT SCHOOL [Rochester, Indiana]
Night School. We learn that Prof. Bryan proposes . . . to open a night school for . . clerks and mechanics. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, January 2, 1873]

NORTH / CENTRAL SCHOOL [Rochester, Indiana]
Located SW corner of Sixth and Pontiac streets.
See Lincoln School.

NORTH MUD CREEK SCHOOL[#10] [Rochester Township]
Located E side of 500W between 275N and 300N.
Built before 1876.

NORTH MUD CREEK SCHOOL
By Jetta Marie Barkman
Speaking of Burton School, of course I didn't go there as a student, but I taught there four years after graduating from high school. I attended Winona College, took the teacher's examination and started teaching at a one room school in Aubbeenaubbee Township. The next summer I attended Mrs. Blakers at Indianapolis and then taught at Oak Grove. I then took the short Home Economics course at Purdue, because I thought I would have to teach that when I went to Burton the following year. Fortunately I didn't have to, but was given the first and second grades. I then decided I wanted to do something else, so took the South Bend College course for secretary and was much happier working in an office. I was the kind of person who took everything and I took everything those little kids had, and so wasn't really well most of the time I taught. I began teaching there in 1917. Hugh McMahan was the principal and taught seventh and eighth grades. I believe Ray Shelton taught the fifth and sixth grades, Mildred Nafe the third and fourth and Home Economics, and I the first and second grades. The next year the principal was Vernie Bowen, with Earl Beehler, Mary Miller and myself as teachers. The next year a Mr. Mow was principal, and Earl Beehler, Mary Miller and I were teachers. The last year I have forgotten who the principal and fifth and sixth grade teachers were, but Mary Miller and I stayed. We both quit when school was out and came to South Bend and found jobs in offices.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p 51]
[photo] North Mud Creek School souvenir booklets. The 1902-02 booklet is from Kenneth Castleman, whose father was Clyde Castleman, a pupil that year. The 1902-03 booklet is from Thelma Safford, whose mother was the teacher, Addie Neff. Why was the district number changed from 7 to 11? The 1901-02 Director George Walters was father of John Walters Director 1902-13 when the school closed. It was the Director's duty to get firewood and look after the building, but he was not the janitor. The teacher did the janitor work in the one-room schools. The Supt's. last name is correctly spelled Gibbons.
North Mud Creek Public School District No. 7, Rochester Tp., Fulton Co., Ind. E. C. Beery, Teacher, 1901-1902. PUPILS: Bertha Walters, Bertha Castleman, Don O. Nafe, Calvin Spurlock, Bert Moore, Pearl Bunnell, Bertha White, Marie Babcock, Earl Milliser, Stella Paxton, George Walters, Ruth Milliser, Clyde Castleman, Mettie Greer, Nedith Walters, Mallie Spurlock, Ross Moore, Roy Babcock, Surphus Milliser, Belle Moore, Cleon A. Nafe, Ward Paxton, Lloyd Castleman, Raymond Greer, Katy Moore, Jimmie Greer, Pete Babcock. BOARD OF EDUCATION: Chas. Jackson, Trustee, W. S. Gibbons, Supt., George Walters, Director.
North Mud Creek Public School District No. 11, Rochester Twp., Fulton Co., Ind., 1902-1903. Compliments of Miss Adda Neff, Teacher. Pupils: EIGHTH YEAR: Bertha Castleman, Mallie Spurlock, Nedith Walters, Surphas Milliser, Bertha Walters, Calvin Spurlock, Ielda Babcock, Don O. Nafe. FOURTH YEAR: Cleon Nafe, Belle Moore, Edith Hetzner, Ward Paxton, Stella Paxton, Loyd Castleman, Marie Babcock, Earl Milliser. THIRD YEAR: Katy Moore, Clyde Castleman, George Walters, Ruth Milliser, Gimmy Greer, Raymond Greer, Isaac Thompson. SECOND YEAR: Eldon Walters, Robert Babcock. FIRST YEAR: Ethel Ellen Leiter, Vernon Castleman, Ralph Sheets. John Walters, Director, C. Jackson, Trustee, W. S. Gibbons, Supt.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p. 46]

[photo] North Mud Creek School c. 1904. Front row: Marie Sheets Barkman, Eldon Walter, [ - - - - ] Wagoner?, Dee Anderson, Vernon "Bill" Castleman, Olive Leiter, Ethel Leiter, Gladys Leiter, Ralph Sheets, Esther Milliser, Tessie Hetzner, Mildred Nafe Wakefield, Dale Anderson, Earl Hetzner. Row 2: George Walters, [ - - - - ] Green, Pete Babcock, [ - - - - ] Greer, Clyde Castleman, Katie Moore, Ruth Milliser, Adda Neff Sanders - teacher. Row 3: Fern Watson, Marie Babcock, Earl Milliser, Stella Paxton, Susan Felty. Back row: Belle Moore, Ielda Babcock, Jesse Felty. (Photo: Mildred Nafe Wakefield)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p. 45]

[photo] North Mud Creek one-room school 1906-07, Glenn Louderback is the teacher in the back row, wearing a suit. Clyde Castleman is also in the back row, second from right; he is father of Kenneth Castleman. Marie Sheets is in third row at the left end (married to Jay Baker, then married Harley Barkman). (Photo: ;Kenneth Castleman)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 68, p. 108]

[photo] North Mud Creek 1907-08. Front row (boys sitting on ground): Dennis Miller, Bob Leiter or Oren Mathias, unknown, Cecil Leiter, Jack Sheets. Row 2 (boy on knees): unknown, Harry Jafe, Frank Fiffendall, Vernon "Bill" Castleman, Dee Anderson, Guy Anderson, Harry Mthias, Don Sheets. Row 39girls standing): Marie Sheets Barkman, Mabel Nafe, Cecil Hall, Nina Paxton Marie Nafe,Doris Leiter, Mildred Nafe, Gladys Leiter, unknown, Lucille Jave, Maude Sheets. Row 4 9against building): Mary Miller unknown, Olive Leiter, Faye Hall, Ethel Leiter, Teacher - Glen Louderback or Hurbert Mogle?, Katie Moore, Esther Miller, Clyde Castleman, Hanford Miller. (Photo: Thelma Safford)
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p. 48]

At Germany, I [Almina Paxton] grew to 12 years old and attended North Mud Creek School and had passed eighth grace in March of 1911. My first teacher was Addie Neff and then in rotation were: Faye Hulse, Nell Wise, Talmadge Dillon, Glen Louderback and, I think, Bess Stulk was my last teacher. A couple of them taught more than one term.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, p. 10]

There were two one-room schools near Germany, Indiana. One was called North Mud Creek School and was located one mile west of the General Store. The other one was called South Mud Creek and was located two and one-half miles south of the other school near Sixth street, near the twin bridges. O. M. Miller of Rochester taught at the North Mud Creek about two miles to the Leiter homestead where he boarded. Estella Lockhart told of one time near Christmas, the older boys thought the teacher wasn't going to treat them for Christmas, so all the children got there first and locked the teacher out. They told him they would let him in when he came with a treat. The teacher went across in a woods and built a fire and stayed about an hour, then he took off up the railroad to the general store and bought a big sack of candy and the children let him in. Jeanette Gohn told of how the school blew down one morning before the children got there. The roof caved in on her desk. Then the Burton School was built in 1912 where it now stands.
The North Mud Creek School was also used for church meetings. A Baptist minister from Kewanna came up every other Sunday to preach. They held revival meetings in the school, too, until it blew down.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, pp 12-14]

NORTH MUD CREEK SCHOOL
This brick school was built about 1875. It was about 40 feet south of the Erie Railroad on the Castleman Road, now known as county road 500W.
Teachers included Nellie Wise, O. M. Miller, Faye Hulse (Van Trump), Glen Louderback, Glen Stinson, Talmadge Dillon, Bessie Stubbs (McVay), Wesley Mathias, Adda Neff (Sanders), Bertha Castleman (Bailey), and Hubert Mogle.
Dee Anderson recalls the box socials held there to raise money to put a bell on top of the school. Dee served as janitor when he attended school before 1913. The bell rang at 8:30 for a warning and again at 9:00 for school to begin. He started the fire to warm up the school before the other children got there. Dee remembers that in the spring of 1913 a big wind blew in the front of the school.
In the fall and the spring when it was above freezing weather, they got drinking water from a pump in the yard, using two tin cups from which all drank. In winter they carried water in a bucket and had a long-handled dipper to drink from. All 30 drank from the same dipper, never realizing there was such a thing as germs.
Dale Anderson and Vernon "Bill" Castleman would hitch and unhitch Bessie McVay's horse for her. One time to see how fast the horse could go, they went around the schoolhouse and hit the corner and broke the harness, so they just tied a rope around the horse's neck to the buggy and she drove home that way.
In the spring of 1913 Bill and his father, Caleb Castleman, were out in their barn lot and the school bell rang just once. They wondered why the school bell rang just once. That morning about 7:30 a.m. a strong wind from the west blew the whole west end of the school in. No one was there so no one was hurt, but there was no more school at North Mud Creek. In the fall the children went to the new Germany (Burton) consolidated school.
Everyone walked to school, some two miles. Bill Hetzner put a foot log across Mud Creek ditch. In this way he walked one mile to school. Otherwise he would have walked two miles by the road.
If there was a big snow, the parents would bring the children to school in bobsleds. At Christmas the teacher would give each child a treat, and the kids would pitch in their pennies to buy the teacher a gift. On the last day of school they would have a carry-in dinner. There were only five and a half months of school in those days, so the last day of school was in March.
John Walters took care of the school by keeping it in repair and bringing firewood and mowing the yard.
Bessie Baldwin Voorhees said she attended North Mud Creek School. When she was ready to go to high school, the Rochester Township Trustee paid tuition for her and neighbors to go to Leiters Ford High School because it was so much closer than Rochester. She rode the train to Leiters Ford for 35 cents a trip. At that time Rochester Township did not share in Rochester City School. Many of them attended Rochester College and took high school classes there. Then in 1912 the new Rochester Joint High School was built on the [NE] corner of 7th and Pontiac. (This is now the [site of] the Civic Center.) The "joint" means it was owned and operated jointly by both Rochester City and Rochester Township.
Dee Anderson recalled that when he went to Leiters Ford High School, he drove a horse and buggy. Lucille and Mildred Nafe rode with him in 1918. Later he rode a motorcycle.
Marie Nafe (Mrs. Ray Scheuer, South Bend) recalls attending North Mud Creek when she was a girl around 1910. She said Hubert Mogle was the last teacher there, and then he was the first principal at Burton consolidated school. Marie was born in 1899 and started school at North Mud Creek in 1905.
The school faced west. There was a pump for water in the yard. The kids played ball, Andy over the school house (throwing a ball over the school), and skated on a pond northeast of the school in a woods. All walked to school. Marie walked a mile through all kinds of weather.
Inside the school had a stove for heat. There were hooks on the wall to hang the coats by the door. The desks seated two pupils each, and were the kind that had the desk attached to the seat ahead.
The teacher stayed with the family south of the school.
When Marie was in fifth grade, the teacher put grades 5 and 6 together because there were only a couple of pupils in each grade. Thus she was put back a grade when she entered the new Burton School and had to take fifth grade over again. Marie did not like this because it made her lose a year.
While attending Burton, her brother Harry Nafe became sick with rheumatism and had to stay home and do his lessons in bed. The Burton teachers, Hurbert Mogle, Edna Taylor, and Gail Zartman, came to visit one evening. Marie rememvbers their visit as exciting.
[FCHS Quarterly No. 61, pp 44-47]

NORTH MUD CREEK SCHOOL
By Jetta Marie Barkman, Healthwin Home, South Bend, Ind.
This is North Mud Creek School as I remember it after all of these years. I am 86 years plus now.
I do not know when it was built, but it was a red brock school, built like most all of the one-room schools. It had the pot-bellied stove in the middle of the room and it burned wood which was carried from the outside and stacked against a back wall. Usually the teacher had someone start the fire in the morning. None of the teachers drove to school. They roomed and boarded with someone, which was usually the Ben Noftsger family, who lived at Germany Station. My first teacher was Addie Neff. I believe Wes Mathias taught the year before, and the following teachers were Glen Louderback (in the picture), Fay Hulse, and Bessie McVay, who was teacher when I graduated from grade school. We were taught reaidng, writing, arithmetic, history, grammar, and spelling. We often had a spelling bee on Friday afternoons, to determine the champion speller.

The games we played outside were baseball, The Farmer in The Dell, and whip-cracker. Also, we skated when there was an ice pond.
We had a pump for our water, and when it was out of use we carried water from a home, which was near the Walters farm. There were no buses at that time and we had to walk. We kids had to walk two miles each way. On really bad days my father came after us. When snow was deep, he drove a sled and gave everyone a ride who was going our way. Of course, we had to dress very warm.
We carried our lunch in tin pails, and some of us went to the Jim Nafe woods to eat ours. My mother was a very good cook and baker, and she always put good things in our lunch pails. I never attended any other grade school and after graduating, my brother and I entered our first year of high school at the Rochester College. We drove a horse and buggy until the westher became too bad, and we stayed with Aunt Maggie Ewing. Marie and Joe still lived at home. This was the last year (1912) that the college was in session, so we had to go to Leiters Ford High, where we graduated. Even though the teachers at North Mud Creek had so many pupils, I believe we were given good training.
We always had a box special sometime during the year, with elaborately-decorated shoe boxes and goodies inside to raise money for incidentals. We always had a Christmas program, and also a big dinner at the last day of school, when all of the parents attended and there was a program. We always looked forward to the special days.
A couple of years later this little red schoolhouse blew down. Arrangements were then made to build the Burton Consolidated school. This was quite an improvement as it had four rooms with two grades in each room. Also central heating and inside toilets. Too, there was manual training and home economics.
There were at that time other one-room school that I knew about, such as Myers southwest of Leiters Ford, South Mud Creek, and Oak Grove on what is now State Road 14 in a grove of trees just west of the Cessna residence.
Many of the people shown in the picture are deceased. The only ones living that I know about are Mildred (Nafe) Wakefield, Lucille Nafe, Marie and Mable Nafe, Dee and LeRoy Anderson and Maude (Sheets) Simper.
Even with all the inconveniences, our school days at the little red school house were happy ones.
North Mud Creek School was on a road running north and south between the Olson Road and 250N. It was between the Jim Nafe farm on the north and the Ed Miller farm on the south. Miller's farm is owned by Gochenours now. The school was on approximately one acre of ground. There was a woods north of the school between it and the Olson Road. The two outdoor toilets were east of the school.
Teachers: Glen Louderback, 1907-08; Belle Metzler, 1888-90; Anna Ingraham, 1890-91; Mae Carruthers, 1891-92; Arthur Metzler, 1892-93; Mae Gordon, 1893-95

OAK GROVE SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
Located on N side of Division Road at approximately 225W.
Built between 1883 and 1907.
__________

[photo] Oak Grove or District No. 11 School in Rochester Township was located where Daniel Zellers lives now at 2246W - State Road 14.

Front row: Ralph Jurgensmeyer, unknown, Lorraine Cessna, Hazel Gohn or McIntire, Esther Wagoner, - - - - White, Mable Beattie, Keith Cessna, Marion Gohn. (Marion was in first grade so this was 1911 or 1912.)
Back row: Teacher Anna Myers, two unknown, Mable Patton, - - - - Dolph, - - - - White, Harry "Bud" Holtz, unknown. (Photo donated to FCHS by Arletta Harper Skidmore Green)
[FCHS Images No. 3, p. 97]

It consolidated into the new Reiter school in January, 1925. After the school was closed, it was moved in 1930 to a hill by the corner of Meridian Road and SR-14 about 1-1/2 miles west of Rochester. Dean Conrad and his family lived in it until it burned May 29, 1950.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, September 5, 1974]

Teachers: Cora Pownall, 1900-1901
Jetta Marie Barkman

OLIVER SCHOOL [#6] [Liberty Township]
Also called Mount Olive School.
__________

In 1859 for a consideration of $20 Andrew Oliver deeded his neighbors an acre of ground just west of the Oliver Cemetery for a school (corner of 500S & SR-25.
[James Andrew Oliver Family, Lucy Oliver Kincaide, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

We are informed the school at (Oliver school) will close next Friday, of which Eli Townsend is teacher.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, March 5, 1874]

Miss Sarah Carter has been chosen as teacher for the Oliver school. She must be a successful teacher, for this is her second term at that place.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, April 23, 1874]

We have a debating society formed at Oliver's school house. . . The subject discussed last Friday evening was: Resolved, That the word male sho'd be stricken from the constitution. Mr. Lovett, the affirmative and Mr. Butler, the negative . . . After a lively discussion it was decided best for the women to wear the dress awhile yet.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, May 7, 1874]

The furniture in the Oliver school house is exceedingly bad. . . but the untiring labors of the teacher, Mr. P. Townsend, do much to overcome this difficulty. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 27, 1877]

At a school meeting held at Oliver school house in Liberty township, one evening of last week, Mr. Milo Chestnut of this city was elected to teach the coming winter term of school. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 18, 1878]

Liberty Township Institute. January 18th, 1879. . . met at Oliver school house. [names mentioned]: Park Townsend, Supt. Myers, Mr. Barcus, G. M. Conn, Mr. Chesnutt, Miss Mattie Coons, J. F. Ault.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 18, 1879]

ORR SCHOOL [#11] [Rochester Township]
Located S side 150S at approximately 50W.
Built before 1876.
__________

The Ellsworth and Orr Schools pitted themselves against the Prairie Union school in a spelling match, last Tuesday night, but came off second best. Miss Sarah Lawrence, of the former school, was again declared the best speller.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, January 9, 1873]

The Orr and Liberty schools will unite in a pic nic dinner in the grove near Thos. Mercer's residence, next Saturday.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, July 24, 1873]

Mr. J. N. Orr holds sway at the Orr school house.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 4, 1873]

Miss Mollie C. Brown closed a very successful term of school in the Orr district, July 3d. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, July , 1874]

The school at the Orr school house, Miss Calvert, teacher, closed yesterday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 17, 1875]

Miss Emma Pyle [will teach a term of school] at Orr school house. . .
[Rochester Union Spy, Friday, April 12, 1878]

The Orr school Miss Emma L. Pyle teacher, will close next Friday.
[Rochester Independent, Wednesday, June 26, 1878]

Miss Emma Sperry has been selected to teach the winter term of school at the Orr school house.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, October 18, 1878]
Miss Eliza J. Reid closed her school on Thursday last, and in the evening was united in marriage to Rev. J. Bishop, of Arkansas. . . will leave for Arkansas in September. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 23, 1877]

Miss Eliza J. Reid having been recently married, Miss Emma Onstott has been engaged to teach the unexpired term of her school -- two months.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 30, 1877]

J. Q. Henry has resigned his position in the Winamac school and expects to enter the theological seminary of Chicago this fall.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 4, 1877]

The Normal School, under the supervision of F. P. Bitters, promises to be a success.
[Tidal Waves by Tom Thumb, Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 15, 1877]

The Orr school, Miss Emma L. Pyle, teacher, closed on Friday last. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 28, 1879]

Miss Ella Barb is teaching the Orr school. She was so unfortunate as to get sick during the first week, but was able to resue work after the institute.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, January 17, 1879]

At a spelling school held at the Orr school house, last Friday night, Lemuel Earl spelled the school down.
[Rochester Republican, Thursday, December 18, 1879]

Teachers: Alice Lowe Newcomb; Don Nafe

OWL CREEK SCHOOL [Henry Township]
A young man named Harter, teacher of the Owl Creek school, in Henry township, was expelled last week for indecent conduct toward the scholars. He hails from Etna Green.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, June 18, 1875]

The new brick school house will be completed in a short time ready for school.
[Owl Creek Items, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, August 13, 1875]

The brick school house is at last finished, and school commenced on Monday, by Miss Kate Clemans.
[Owl Creek Items, Rochester Union-Spy, Friday, September 24, 1875]