FULTON COUNTY INDIANA

HANDBOOK

F-G

Wendell C. and John B. Tombaugh

Limited Printing

Copy No.____of 6

TOMBAUGH HOUSE

700 Pontiac Street

Rochester, Indiana

46975-1538

2001

This book cannot be reproduced without the express permission of Wendell C. Tombaugh, John B. Tombaugh, their heirs or assigns.

Made in the United States of America

FULTON COUNTY, INDIANA

HANDBOOK

FAIR STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] The FAIR Wishes to inform their numerous Friends and Patrons that they have REMOVED! their Stock to the room lately occupied by F. M. AXE, in THE MASONIC BLOCK where they purpose [sic] adding a large new line of Goods. - - - THE FAIR, Masonic Block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 2, 1892]

[Adv] The FAIR STORE in their new location - - - -McCLURE & HERENDEEN, Masonic Block.

[Adv] THE FAIR. Go to the Fair store for boots, shoes, rubber goods, dry goods, notions, silver plated ware, tinware, whips, gloves, mittens, hosiery, etc. J. L. McCLURE, Suc. to McClure & Herendeen.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 10, 1893]

[Adv] - - - - About March 15th my new store will be open and ready for business at John McClure's old location, "The Fair." - - - - E. H. MURRAY.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 9, 1894]

[Adv] - - - The Fair Store will close out the China and Crockery Department - - - - Sale will commence Monday, Sept. 18th. - - - THE FAIR STORE, Feiser Building, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 16, 1899]

FRIDAY
H. E. Franklin has leased the A. W. Holeman room on the corner opposite the Arlington Hotel, and will move the Fair Store there about the first of October. The room has recently been remodeled and will make a very fine store room when all the work now planned is completed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 24, 1906]

[Adv] The Fair Store - - - Cor. Room Opp. Arlington - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 13, 1907]

PERSONAL
J. T. Liston, of Bunker Hill, is moving here today and will enter into the grocery business in the Feiser room formerly occupied by the Fair.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 8, 1907]

[Adv] The Fair Store Thanksgiving Sale - - - - THE FAIR STORE, 700 Main St., Rochester, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 24, 1909]

[Adv] FRANKLIN'S FAIR STORE, Corner room opp Arlington Hotel. - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 16, 1911]

WILES BUY THE FAIR STORE
An important business deal, which has been pending for the last few days, was closed this morning and as a result the Fair store is now the property of M. Wile & Sons, Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Franklin retiring.
The business has grown from a small beginning into one of the best local business institutions, and enjoyed a large patronage. On account of Mrs. Franklin's ill health, and a desire to change their place of residence, the Franklins decided to dispose of the business.
In acquiring the business, the Wiles have not definitely decided as to whether they will continue the Fair store as a separate business or combine it with the present Wile store. At any rate, the Franklin stock will be placed on sale as soon as an invoice is taken and after the stock is reduced the future policy of the business will be disclosed. The stock is one of the best in the city and the sale will afford buyers an unusually good opportunity to buy goods cheap.
Mr. Franklin has not decided upon his future business program.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 4, 1912]

[Adv] CLOSING OUT SALE - $15,000 stock to be sacrificed including all fixtures. Sale Starts Wednesday, June 19. The Fair store must be sold, owing to un-for-seen circumstances - - - - THE FAIR STORE, M. Wile & Sons, Proprietors.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 14, 1912]

FAIR STORE HAS NEW OWNER
M. Wile & Sons have disposed of The Fair Store, which they recently purchased from Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Franklin. J. E. Hall of Knox is the new owner, having traded lands in Starke county for the store and fixtures. Mr. Hall is an experienced merchant and will continue the business. He will replenish the stock and promises the citizens of Rochester an up-to-date mercantile establishment. The Fair Store has always enjoyed a splendid business and will doubtless continue to do well under the new management.
Arthur Wile, who has had charge of The Fair Store, will devote his attention to the Wile store in the future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 29, 1912]

[Adv] AMERICAN DRY GOODS STORE, J. E. Hall, Proprietor, offers the buyers of Fulton county relief from high prices. - - - - - AMERICAN DRY GOODS STORE, Formerly The Fair Store, Opposite Arlington Hotel.
[Rochester sentinel, Tuesday, October 8, 1912]
Herman E. FRANKLIN, former resident of Rochester, died Tuesday at his home in Milwaukee. Announcement of his death came in a telegram to the I.O.O.F. lodge here, he being a member, but no further particulars were given.
Mr. Franklin came to Rochester years ago from Huntington and for about fifteen years had The Fair Store here. He later sold out and moved to Milwaukee where he engaged in the motion picture theatre business, and became the owner of two or three theatres.
He is survived by his former wife, from whom he was separated, and two daughters, Mrs. Ed WOLFE and Florence [FRANKLIN], both of whom reside in Chicago. No details are known regarding the funeral.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, August 12, 1925]

FAIRCHILD MONUMENT CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
MONUMENT WORKS WILL START HERE ON MONDAY
Announcement was made here Wednesday morning that the Fairchild Monument company would go into business here. This became known following their leasing of the Republican building in which the offices of The News-Sentinel have been located for the past year and ten months. Paul Fairchild, who is now in the monument business at Kewanna, will move here to conduct this plant. Associated with him are Monroe Steiner and John Jones of Plymouth. It was also understood that they had made arrangements to purchase the monument plant of the late Dan Frain as soon as the estate was settled. The new firm expects to have modern offices in the front and a display room in the center and their workshop in the rear. They will take possession of the building on Monday.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, October 7, 1925]

FAIRCHILDS BUY ENTIRE STOCK OF MONUMENT CO.
A deal was closed this afternoon whereby Paul Fairchild and his mother Mrs. Dora Fairchild became the sole owners of the Fairchild Monument Company at 114 East Eighth Street when they purchased the two-thirds interest in the concern owned by Monroe Steiner and John R. Jones of Plymouth. The Fairchild Monument Company opened an office in this city 15 months ago the concern moving here from Kewanna where the firm had been in business for a number of years. The Fairchild Monument Company has enjoyed a good business since it was transferred to this city. Mr. Steiner and Mr. Jones will represent the company in Marshall county. Mr. Fairchild will assume complete control of the business.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, February 7, 1927]

RECEIVERS SALE FOR THE FAIRCHILD MONUMENT CO.
The Fairchild Monument Company which was recently placed in the hands of a receiver, following action taken by Lawson Bybee, will be sold at a receivers sale on Monday, March 21st according to announcement made today. It is rumored that Frank Southworth, well known munument dealer of Plymouth, will be one of the bidders for the assets of the organization an that if he is successful will continue the business as a branch of the Plymouth plant. It is understood that the monument firm will be able to pay out in full or nearly so, after all accounts are collected.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, March 15, 1927]

FAIRCHILD MONUMENT CO. SOLD TO LOCAL CONCERN
A business transaction was made in this city Monday whereby the Fairchild Monument Company thru its receivers the U. S. Bank & Trust Co., was sold to the Rochester Monument Works. The new concern is composed of experienced monument men and has a firm financial foundation.
Paul J. Fairchild has been retained as manager by the new organization and the business will continue to be conducted at its salesroom on East Eight street. An additional stock of monuments will soon be placed in the salesroom
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, March 22, 1927]

FAIRVIEW, THE [Lake Manitou]
See Lake Manitou Boats

FAIRVIEW HEIGHTS [Lake Manitou]
See Lake Manitou Fairview Heights

FAIRVIEW STOCK FARM [Kewanna, Indiana]
[Adv] Fairview Stock Farm, Kewanna, Ind., Season of 1892. - - - - This being the first year under my ownership of Fairview Stock Farm, I have endeavored to show the public that in selecting Stallions and offering them to the public, that I want none but the best of their respective families. F. F. WAGNER, Proprietor. A. T. JACKSON, Jr., Manager.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 13, 1892]

[Adv] For stud Service - Season of '96. - - - - Chas. Scheer, Mgr., Fairview Stock Farm, Kewanna, Ind. Henderson Bros. Props. New York Office, 32 Gansevoort St.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 22, 1895]

FALL, JAMES L. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From James L. Fall)

FALLS & PHELPS [Rochester, Indiana]
Wallace's Steam Mill. New Arrangement. Falls & Phelps would respectfully inform the public that they have rented the above mill, where they will at all times be prepared to serve customers.
Grinding of all kinds done on short notice, or grain taken in exchange for Flour or Meal. We warrant satisfaction to our customers. Rochester, May 9th, 1861.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, May 9, 1861]

FAMILY PROVISION STORE and MEAT MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
Family Provision Store and Meat Market . . . at the room known as the New York Store . . . Rannells & Sheets. Rochester, Oct 15, 1863.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, October 15, 1863]

FAMILY Y [Rochester, Indiana]
Located in Whitmer Gym after gym was no longer used by the school.

FAMOUS, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
See M. Reiter
__________

[Adv] The FAMOUS! 99c for a hammock, 7c for 2500 tooth picks; 49c for a scrap book; $2.40 for a hanging lamp; - - - at the FAMOUS STORE, First door south of the Bank.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 31, 1884]

FANNING, S. B. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Laundry

FANSLER, A. R. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Akron Lumber Co.
See: Fansler Lumber and Coal Co.
See: Fansler Lumber Co.
__________

AN HISTORICAL FARM NOW IS UNDER NEW OWNERSHIP
The sale of one of the oldest cleared tracts in Fulton county was reported Saturday afternoon when the T. B. Baker farm of 185 acres was sold to A. R. Fansler, local contractor and lumber dealer.
The farm, most of which was partially cleared by Pottawattomies around the turn of th 19th century, lies along State Road 14 and 26 between the eastern outskirts of Rochester and the western shore of Lake Manitou. Among older residents, the tract was known as the Taber farm, and was one of several parcels of county and city land owned by that family.
Located on or near the tract are historical sites, such as the first grist mill in the county, built by the government at the site of the present dam, the Lake Manitou fair grounds, and Baker's Field, scene of many circus, carnival and athletic activities.
For the past quarter century, it has been used by Mr. Baker as a grazing ground in the promotion of thriving livestock business. The Fred Moore Agency of this city consummated the sale.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 11, 1945]

SEEK HIGHWAY THRU A. R. FANSLER FARM
A petition has been filed in the office of the county auditor requesting the location of a highway connecting what is known as the Wabash road and State highway No. 14. The road if granted will pass trough the A. R. Fansler farm which he recently purchased from Tim Baker. The northern end of the road will be situated just east of Robert P. Moore's bulk buttermilk building at the extreme end of East 9th street and the southern end will connect with the Wabash road just north of the Ed Hagan property which is situated about a half mile east of the west shore of Lake Manitou.
Mr. Fansler, owner of the Fansler Lumber Co., plans to erect several modern homes along this new strip of road.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, November 7, 1945]

FANSLER, JACOB [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Jacob Fansler. - The subject of this sketch was born in Randolph County, West Virginia February 14, 1831, and is the third son of Jacob Fansler, Sr., who was born in the same county and State. He was married, June 12, 1858, to Elizabeth Adams, of Madison County, Ind., who was born in the year 1840. Her father was a native of Kentucky. Mr. Fansler came to Indiana in 1853 and settled in Miami County. He returned to Pulaski County in 1862, where he remained nine years, when he moved to this county and settled at his present residence in the northern part of Union Township. While a resident of Pulaski County he served the people of his township three and one-half years as Trustee. He is the father of five children living and two dead. The names of the living are as follows: Stephen, Isaac, Ida B., John and Annie. He owns 110 acres of land which he farms in connection with working at his trade, which is that of carpenter. In politics, Mr. Fansler is a Democrat. In principle he is a strict temperance man, and advocates the policy of giving saloon keepers "a good leting alone."
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 56]

FANSLER LUMBER AND COAL CO., A. R. [Rochester and Akron, Indiana]
FANSLER BUYS AKRON LUMBER CO. FROM PIKE
A. R. Fansler today announced he has purchased the Akron Lumber company, in Akron, owned and operated by D. A. Pike for the past seven years, and that he would continue the fine lumber and coal business built up by Pike during that time. Mr. Pike plans to retire.
Fansler will run the firm under the name of A. R. Fansler Laumber and Coal company. Norwell Roth, of Elkhart, will manage the Akron property for Fansler. Mr. Roth has been actively engaged in the lumnber business for many years. He will move his family to Akron soon.
Mr. Fansler plans to carry a complete line of coals and building materials and will follow out Mr. Pike's plan of delivering material in a 100-mile circle.
The Fansler Lumber company has rounded out its first year of business in Rochester and, as Mr. Fansler said today, "We appreciate the business we have enjoyed during the past year and we're going to go right on serving people in this vicinity. We have bought another establishmentin this part of the state to enable us to buy more economically and to have greater man-power to put in on jobs as they come along; thus those who deal with us will save."
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, October 28, 1941]

FANSLER LUMBER CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
Founded by Arthur R. and his wife, Dorothy Pereppa (Aughinbaugh) Fansler.
See: Churches - Lutheran
See: Fansler Lumber and Coal Co., A. R.
See: Rochester Metal Products Co.
__________

A. R. FANSLER AWARDED LAKE HOME CONTRACT
The A. R. Fansler Lumber Company was today awarded a general contract for the building of a $7,000 modern home on the east shore of Lake Manitou.
C. P. Ryan, of Indianapolis, safety division manager of the Northern Indiana Power Company and editor of the Power News, company paper, is the builder and will make the residence a year-around home. He was recently married to Mrs. Lucille Hewitt, also of Indianapolis.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 10, 1941]

FARLEY, JAMES
JAMES FARLEY VISITED IN ROCHESTER SUNDAY
James Farley, postmaster general of the United States, spent a short time in this city Sunday when he took dinner in local cafe.
Mr. Farley at the time was enroute to South Bend to take a train for the East on the New York Central.
The government official was traveling in a state car and was accompanied by Sheriff Ott Ray of Indianapolis, another man whose name was not learned, and two state policemen. Cars preceded and followed the one bearing Mr. Farley.
Mr. Farley was in Indianapolis Saturday where he assisted at the dedication of a new wing to the Indianapolis postoffice building. He made no comments while on his brief visit in Rochester.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, May 23, 1938]

FARM BULLETIN BOARDS [Fulton County]
BULLETIN BOARDS
Bulletin boards for farmers was agitated by the SENTINEL at County Supt Gibbons' suggestion, a year ago, and it produced favorable results for the reason that many bulletin boards are now seen throughout the county and the names of hundreds of farmers are placed on their barns or other buildings. Indeed most farmers who keep tidy, up-to-date farms are telling the traveling public who they are by their name on a building or board. This is not true of all first class farmers for some of them have not had painters at work for them and some are timid about displaying their names. But the thanks of the traveling public is constantly showering on those who have their names up and those who use bulletin boards are reaping highly profitable results.
On this page we give a cut of a board used by F. F. Moore, the widely known farmer and county fair secretary. He has found it very effective as a means of advertising and of getting what he wants without spending valuable time in hunting for help, stock etc, etc.
In a talk with a farmer who used a bulletin board at his farm residence last summer he said he found it the handiest means of advertising one could possibly devise. People who travel past his farm read the board with much interest and he never ofered anything for sale but that he had a buyer within a few days. And neither did he place a "wanted" on the board that did not bring him satisfactory results.
Not only is the sign board a convenience to the stranger on the road who is trying to locate your farm, but it marks the beginning of an era in which farmers will name their farms. -- Some have already done so -- and there is no sentiment more beautiful than giving the old farm a name. The following sentence expressing this sentiment is taken from a paper recently read by Supt Gibbons: "I, Sterling Morton, author of Arbor Day, laid the foundation of his present home on the farm near Nebraska City, nearly a half century ago, and he named it Arbor Lodge. Through his mature years he has embellished it with loving hands. Every tree and vine has a tender history woven into the growth and history of his children. His farm has a personality -- a name. Unlike a man in prison, or a section of land on a map, it is not known by a number, but by a name that is familiar to all the people of the whole United States." And on a bulletin board may be seen this name.
In truth, the farm bulletin board has come to stay. It is a convenience to the farmer and the public. It will do much to beautify the farm houses, for no one will want to post his name as owner of an ill-kept farm. Therefore the premises will be kept in condition. Then, too, the naming of the farm will have a tendency to encourage the farmer in appreciating the value of a farm home, by stirring his pride. How much better it sounds to say you live at "Elmwood" or "The Summit" than to say you live on "section 14, near the creek."
Another feature of the bulletin board is that anyone can put them up. They are inexpensive and no one has a copyright on them, and for the value received from one, both in cash, convenience and sentiment, it will be the best investment ever made by any farmer.
Many farms are already adorned by a bulletin board and others soon will follow.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 7, 1902]

FARM BUREAU [Henry Township]
Originally called Better Farming Association.

FARM BUREAU [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Fulton County Farm Bureau

FARM NAMES [Fulton County]
Mount Pleasant Farm. See: Montgomery, Theodore.

[Adv] Fairview Stock Farm, Kewanna, Ind., Season of 1892. - - - - This being the first year under my ownership of Fairview Stock Farm, I have endeavored to show the public that in selecting Stallions and offering them to the public, that I want none but the best of their respective families. F. F. WAGNER, Proprietor. A. T. JACKSON, Jr., Manager.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 13, 1892]

[Adv] SAND-RIDGE POULTRY FARM is now prepared to furnish Eggs from carefully selected stock of Barred Plymouth Rocks, Silver Laced Wyandottes, or Light Brahmas.
Also Poultry Supplies, Wire Netting, Rubber Roofing and Prairie State Incubators. Call or address, LOOMIS & HENDRICKS, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 10, 1893]

[See Henderson Bros. & Co. - . . . . In February, 1892, these brothers, with a capital of $350 between them, began to manufacture and sell (in New York city) what is known as "Henderson's Wild Cherry Beverage," first with indifferent success, but success became more marked as time passed. P. F. Henderson became associated with them, and the firm of Henderson Bros. & Co. soon grew into a mammoth business. "Henderson's Wild Cherry Beverage" is known far and wide, and has been extensively sold. In 1893 the Henderson brothers purchased 150 acres of land just west of Kewanna and established the Fairview stock farm. The next year they began to raise fine horses. They have gained considerable reputation as breeders of fine race, road and draught horses. Among the number of fine horses they own are the following: Jesse, record 2:24 3/4; Tycho, record 2:28 3/4; Rostoko, record 2:24 1/4; Anto J., pacer; and Pandore, a Percheron Norway grey, of 2,050 pounds weight. On July 12, 1895, their barn was burned at a loss of some $10,000. Since then they have built a new and large barn and have it arranged for great convenience in taking care of their stock. . . . ."
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 81-82]

[See: Perschbacher, George . . . . Riverside Farm.]

LOCAL NEWS
The person who passes the farm home of W. W. Mogle in Union township has no difficulty to learn who resides there. A sign twelve feet long and two and a half feet wide tells it in the "Prairie Home Poultry Farm," and a large blackboard in the front yard announces from day to day just what the proprietor has to sell. This example could be profitably followed by other farmers.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 5, 1901]

LOCAL NEWS - THURSDAY
Miss Lillian Dawson, of the R. N. U., invited a hack load of her friends out to her home at Brookside farm, near Akron, last evening. The evening was spent with recitations, speeches, music and games. But the main feature of the evening was the maple syrup taffy pulling.
[Rochester Sentinel Friday, March 21, 1902]

W. S. SANDERS
Situated on the east side of Lake Manitau, four and a half miles from Rochester, is the Maple Lawn farm owned by W. F. Sanders, and where th finest hogs of the Poland China family in Fulton county, as well as some of the best in the United States are kept. Mr. Sanders has a very fine farm of 120 acres and every bit of it in tip top condition. He has been in the hog business for the past twenty years and has been a raiser of all kinds of hogs -- Poland China, Durocs, and Chestr Whites -- having Polands firts, and after trying other breeds, again bred Polands, because he says he could find a market for them when nothing else would sell. - - - - [see Rochester, Indiana - SOME PICTURES OF ROCHESTER]
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 30, 1905]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Fox, who have resided at the Fairview Orchard Farm for the past year, are preparing to move back to St. Louis, and will leave here Saturday for that place.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 17, 1906]

KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
I. B. Calvin & Son, owners of the Lookout farm, and who last week discarded their milk route and sold their Jersey herd at public auction, have leased the place to Burt Moore for five years. They will move to town next March and give Mr. Moore possession. They are going to start a registered Jersey herd -- in fact have already made the start -- and aim to bring it up to the climax of perfection.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 2, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
L. M. Hayner, who has conducted the Kentucky Stock farm for several years, has purchased the Otto McMahan property just west of the Fair ground. Mr. Hayner will lay out the property into lots, build sidewalks and set out trees along the frontages. He will also erect a house to be used by himself. Otto Caple, who owns adjoining land will also build and it is thought there will be a general building boom in that locality as soon as the lots are disposed of.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 1, 1909]

YOU CAN REGISTER YOUR FARM'S NAME
Have you named your farm?
If you have not, take the hint and get busy. There is a law in Indiana now which provides for the naming of all farms. These names are recorded and no two farms in the county can bear the same name. The farmers who get first have the choice of names and of course, they will pick the most attractive.
The county recorder's office has just been supplied with records and necessary blanks for recording names. It costs a dollar to place the name of a farm on record, but who will hesitate at a small expense like this when it comes to giving a home a nice-sounding name?
A number of farmers hereabouts have expressed their intention of taking advantage of the new law and several have been in to inquire, but the fact that Recorder Hendrickson was without blanks, made it impossible for him to take the dollar. It is thought that a number will register names now. In surrounding counties, the practice is proving most popular.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 19, 1913]

FIRST FARM NAME RECORDED
Henry Heighway, of Newcastle township, is the first Fulton county farmer to take advantage of the new Indiana law which provides that a man may register the name of his farm with the recorder, and no other farm in the county have the same name.
Mr. Heighway was here to see the recorder about registering his farm name long before the official received his blanks and forms. Seeing in the Sentinel that such forms had been received, he registered his land under the name of "Clover Leaf," on Wednesday.
Many other farm owners are expected to follow his lead, as the registering has proved exceedingly popular in other counties. The cost of the record is one dollar.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 24, 1913]

BUILDING SILO
John Hays is having constructed on the Illinois Stock Farm, five miles west of Rochester, a silo that will hold 200 tons of feed. Mr. Hays believes that he has need for such a large silo as he has on the farm over 100 three year old Hereford steers.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 20, 1913]

SHORT NEWS
James W. Scott, who has owned a farm north of Rochester, commonly known as the Brickhill farm, is dead at Marion, Ohio.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 26, 1913]

FARMS NAMED BY 20 FARMERS OF COUNTY
Notwithstanding the fact that every farmer in Indiana is being urged to add dignity and character to his farm by giving it a name and register that name with the county recorder, there have been but 20 Fulton county farmers take advantage of this opportunity.
The agricultural extension department of Purdue university has published a bulletin with over 1,000 suitable names for country homes, noting different features by which the farm can be distinguished for naming. The name is not only convenient but can be used by an enterprising farmer for a trade mark.
Following are the names registered in Fulton county: Harry Heighway, "Clover Leaf;" Wm.Deardorff, "Fair View;" Asa Murray, "Oak Lawn;" Wm. Collins, "Maple Leaf;" Peter Schuer, "Pleasant Hill;" Milton Kistler, "Eddy Creek;" Arthur Slaybaugh, "Meadow Brook;" Samuel Dawald, "Stony Knoll;" John Hanson, "Pleasant Valley;" John Downs, "Rambler;" Chas. Sparks, "Birch Lawn;" Vincent Calvin, "Clear View;" Edgar Sheets, "Spring Brook;" John Overmyer, "Ever Green;" Geo. Rowe, "Walnut Ridge;" Joseph Walters, "South View;" Julius Rowley, "Oak Grove" and "Maple Lawn;" Henry Moon, "Forest Park;" Elizabeth Thomson, "Edgewater Park."
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 8, 1916]

DAIRYMAN WILL PASTEURIZE MILK
John Hanson, proprietor of the Pleasant Valley Stock and Dairy farm northeast of the city, is now fully equipped to pasteurize all the milk produced by his fine herd of 45 Herford milch cows. - - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 9, 1916]

T. B. CALVIN, 55, one of the best known farmers living near Kewanna, died Friday morning at 11 o'clock on his Lookout Dairy farm after a long illness caused by Bright's disease. Mr. Calvin returned two months ago from Rochester, Minn., where specialists said they could not do anything for him.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 9, 1916]

[See Henry A Barnhart, History of Fulton County, Biography: Leavell, John T.: "He now owns one hundred and sixty acres with two sets of buildings southeast of Fulton all of which, except the house, he put there himself. The farm bears the appropriate name of Sugar Grove and upon it he keeps blooded stock. . . ."]

[See Henry A. Barnhart, History of Fulton County, Biography, Whittenberger, George H.: "George H. Whittenberger, the son of Reuben and Esther (Miller) Whittenberger, was born on his father's farm in Henry township on June 30, 1866. He was educated in the home schools and has spent the major part of his life in the same place. At present his residence is in the fine brick house which is father built in 1877. He has greatly improved the place, being a carpenter by trade, built new buildings and calls it 'Homestead Dairy Farm.'"]

INDIAN CHIEF'S BODY IS FOUND IN A GRAVEL PIT
The badly decomposed body of a man thought to have been an Indian Chieftain, was found two and half feet under the ground on the TRUE farm, a mile south of this city on the Wabash road yesterday afternoon. The discovery was made by Eli BRUBAKER, as he was prospecting in an effort to locate a vein of gravel on the farm which is now known as the "Bonnie View Farm." The body was found in a sitting position which makes all who saw it believe that it was the corpse of an Indian. Sheriff Ora CLARK and Coroner STINSON were notified by Mr. Brubaker and made an investigation. The bones are now on display at the Brubaker farm and later they will be reburied.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, March 22, 1930]

Bonnie View Farm, one mile South of Rochester on Wabash Road. Known as the True farm.
Century Farm
Located at the west edge of Akron, the house being in the town limits, on the north side of SR-14. The home of Jacob Whittenberger family, and remained in the family until the death of Jacob's grandson, Don Noyer, in 1968.
Dixie Melon Farm
Located N side of Burton road, W of Erie R.R., between 100W and 150W
Owned and operated by J. C. Beery and his son, Don Beery.
It was a fruit and vegetable stand in season, and in 1930 they opened the Dixie Melon Farm Annex at 1417 Main in Rochester.
Elm Dale Stock Farm
Located SE corner SR-14 and 500E; owned by Frank F. Moore,
Now owned by Hugh Moore.
Forest Farm
Located in Richland Township.
A. E. SCHAD, of Chicago, owner of the Forest Farm at Zinks Lake, has presented the Izzak Walton League of this city with a huge sum of money to be used in the construction of the new fish hatcheries at the lake. lMr. Schad visited the new hatcheries a few days ago and was so impressed with the work the League is doing that he desired to be instrumental in the construction and maintenance of the hatchery.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, October 3, 1929]

Mrs. Caroline SCHAD, died Sunday morning at 11:30 at her home in Chicago following a three months' illness. Mrs. Schad was the mother of the late A. E. SCHAD of the Forest Farm, seven miles northwest of Rochester. Prior to her son's death Mrs. Schad spent a great deal of her time at the farm. Funeral services will be held Wednesday afternoon at two o'clock in Chicago.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, November 23, 1931]

LEASES FARM
Robert P. Moore has announced that he has leased "Forest Farms" in Richland township, eight miles north of Rochester from Miss Florence Shad. The farm with its modern farm house and lodge is one of Fulton county's show places. Zinks Lake is on the land. Mr. Moore, owner of Fulton County Community Sales, plans to raise registered Chester White hogs on the farm.
The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 28, 1942]

Grandview Farm
Located E side of Old US-31 in Richland Township.
Owned by Dr. W. S. Rannells.
Later owned by Daniel T. Rose
Green Acres
Located western part of the county
Owned by Mrs. John Capper, Jr.
CHICAGO WRITER VISITS CAPPER TURKEY FLOCK
A writer for the Chicago Herald and Examiner, Calvin C. BOWSFIELD, visited the Capper "Green Acres" in the western part of the county recently and his paper carried one day last week an article descriptive of Mrs. Capper's success in raising turkeys. . . . . . Mrs. John Capper, Jr. . . . . . .
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, November 29, 1930]
Homestead Dairy Farm
Located in Henry Township.
Owned by George Whittenberger, son of Ruben Whittenberger.
Later, George's daughter Hazel and her husband Harley Rogers, now owned by their son, Earl Rogers, but the house was sold to Jim Ramsey.
Indian Hill Farm
Located in Richland Township; owned by P. C. Ward. Now owned by P. C. Ward.
Kentucky Stock Farm
King's Ranch
Located Section 30 Richland Township, E side US-31 bypass and N edge of Tippecanoe River
Kromland
Located in Section 35 Rochester Township; Owned by George Krom, Jr.
Lafayette Stock Farm
Jeptha CROUCH, world famous horseman and the former owner of the LAFAYETTE STOCK FARM north of this city on Federal Road 31 which was known for many years as the Dr. RANNELLS farm, died at his home in Lafayette last Friday. He had been suffering with influenza for a few days when his heart suddenly became involved and death followed.
The deceased was the founder of the famous Crouch & Son stock farm that did more to advertise Lafayette throughout the United States and Europe than any other institution, except Purdue University.
Funeral services were conducted from the farm the family home in Lafayette Monday afternoon. Dr. W. R. GRAHAM, kpastor of the Central Presbyterian church officiated, and burial was made in Springvale cemetery.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, January 13, 1927]
Long's Ranch
Located between 50N and 100N, a couple miles West of Rochester. Owned by C. M. Long. Contained several hundred acres, and was going in 1948 when Bill Willard worked there. Mr. Long worked at Purdue University.
Maple Crest Farm
Located on 1200W north of 700S; owned by Robert B. and Marjorie Irene Spotts Jones.

Polk Hill Farm
Located on 450N, the first farm east of Old US-31.
Originally owned by William Polke our first white settler in 1830's. Owned by his descendants, the last being Emmett Hoyt Scott, until 1920. [See p. 25 col. 2, 1995 Fulton County Images No. 3.]
Prairie View Farm
Located 1-1/2 miles W of Grass Creek. Owned by John J. and Almeda Urbin Kumler.
Roma Woods
Located 1-1/2 SW of Grass Creek in S end of Hizer's woods.
Owned by Roy & May Kumler
Tamarack Farm
Located east of Lake Manitou. Bob Kern possibly lived there in the 1950's.
Tippecanoe Farm
Mrs. Margaret BUSH, . . . . For many years she resided on what is known as the Tippecanoe farm located about seven miles north of this city.
[obit, Margaret Bush, The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, June 22, 1929]
Unadilla Farm
Located six miles W of Rochester on SR-14 in Union Township.
Owned by Emmet Scott & Fannie Scott Rumley.

Forest Farm
A. E. SCHAD DONATES TO FISH HATCHERY FUND
A. E. Schad, of Chicago, owner of the Forest Farm at Zinks Lake, has presented the Izaak Walton League of this city with a snug sum of money to be used in the construction of the new fish hatcheries at the lake. Mr. Schad visited the new hatcheries a few days ago and was so impressed with the work the League is doing that he donated to be instrumental in the construction and maintenance of the hatchery.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, October 3, 1929]

FARM STORE [Akron, Indiana]
Joanna Whittenberger worked several years as bookkeeper at the Farm Store in Akron (at one time this building was the Methodist Church) which was located where the General Telephone Building now stands on South Mishawaka Street in Akron.

FARMERS' AND MERCHANTS' ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]
Officers elected by the directors of the Farmers' and Merchants' Association at their executive session late Wednesday were as follows: A. L. Deniston, president; Chas. A. Davis, vice-president; W. A. Howard, treasurer (not a director). J. F. Dysert, Ike Wile, Frank Bryant, Omar B. Smith and M. C. Shelton, are the remaining directors chosen at the meeting of the members of the Association.
The first meeting of the members of the Farmers' and Merchants Association of Fulton County was held at the club rooms, Wednesday afternoon, at three o'clock, when 35 men attended. After the election of directors and the adoption of purposes, which are published elsewhere in this issue, Omar B. Smith offered a resolution of thanks to Mr. Dawe, which was enthusiastically adopted. A resolution of thanks for the service of the newspapers and of the steering committee was also passed.
In the course of the meeting, Mr. Dawe paid a marked tribute to the business men of Rochester, declaring again that he never worked among a more cooperative group of men. The association agreed that the McKeand Service Co., of Indianapolis, had filled their contract to the letter and that the directors be ordered to pay them the $500 as soon as possible.
After the selection of directors, the board of directors elected officers and named Omar B. Smith and Frank Bryant to collect the pledges and to confer with Mr. Dawe in regard to a constitution and by-laws.
It was announced Thursday that Mr. Dawe will remain in Fulton county during the coming week to assist in perfecting the organization in the various townships.
The mass meetings in the townships to explain the purpose of the association are continuing with increasing enthusiasm. The library in Kewanna Wednesday night was filled with men and women from the farms and from the town itself.
The local chairman of the evening was D. H. Snepp, who introduced J. E. Beyer. Mr. Beyer commented at length on the differences between human affairs as they are conducted in Germany and here. He spoke with the utmost feeling relative to the general advantages which belong to the people of the United States. Mr. Beyer then introduced C. M. Job, who after making a number of explanations as to seed selection, was invited to remain in Kewanna and spent Thursday in Union township visiting those farmers who were interested.
Grosvenor Dawe followed with a rapid, vigorous description of the world's affairs and the place that each man and woman must play in bringing the United States and its allies to victory. He made it clear that responsibility goes all down the line. After a statement lasting nearly an hour in which the attention of the audience was intense, Mr. Dawe said, "Our eyes need to be opened to see that our share in victory lies immediately around us and under our feet in the ground that we control. Food, more food and then more food will prove to be the first evidence of our patriotism and our willingness to do our share in helping the Allies to win."
At the conclusion of Mr. Dawe's address several in the audience pledged themselves to service, among them a young school teacher who said, "I have been teaching patriotism all year. I did not understand until tonight that gardening was patriotic. I intend to tell the children."
The Rochester men who accompanied Mr. Dawe to Kewanna Wednesday night were Frank Bryant, J. E. Beyer, Maurice Shelton, Hugh Holman, Delbert Ewing, Ike Wile, Wm. Howard and others.
A large delegation from Rochester will go to Fulton tonight.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 26, 1917]

F. & M. ASSN TO CHANGE NAME
Henceforth it will be The Rochester Chamber of Commerce.
At any rate, the 16 men present at the annual meeting of the Farmers and Merchants Assn Monday evening voted to have the secretary petition the Secratary of State for permission to make the change, inasmuch as the farmers of the county have their own organization and are not connected with the city commercial body.
Harry Wilson, J. A. Herbster, Arthur Wile and Hugh Holman were elected directors of the body, in place of A. L. Deniston, Maurice Shelton, F. E. Bryant and J. F. Dysert, who retire. The four new directors met with the three holdovers, J. Gordon Martin, Guy Alspach and James E. Moore, at noon Tuesday to elect officers for the year, Mr. Wilson being the choice for president and Mr. Herbster for secretary-treasurer. Mr. Bell will sever his official connections with the organization, which may possibly give up its quarters, in the interest of economy. A committee on finance readjustment will be named soon.
The secretary's report for the year was given by Mr. Moore and Mahlon Bell, the latter having served the last three months. Mr. Moore set forth how the war had curtailed the activities of the organization and how every effort had been made to economize, speaking in general of the efforts to help the city.
Mr. Bell mentioned the various projects which had been investigated, a foundry at Monticello, a cut glass factory at Walkerton, a stamping and tool works at Elkhart, a foundry backed by Indianapolis men, which recently located in Plymouth, the Peru basket factory branch, the Powell-Myers bending mill at Argos, and Palmer and Son, of Ashley, who are now located here. Propositions have been made to some of the firms mentioned, and are still pending, and there are still more in view.
Mr. Bell mentioned the Waterways Association meet here in the interest of the Erie-Michigan canal, which was poorly attended, and spoke of the protest against the new freight schedule on the local roads. He also referred to the Safdicator project, stating that the contracts had been cancelled and that all money paid in on stock subscriptions would be returned at once.
The finance report for the year was give by the treasurer, Dean L. Barnhart, showing a balance on hand of almost $100, with receipts for the year about $650, including $100 paid in for the two banquets and expenses $1,120. The balance to start the year was $576. The main items of expense were the Reeve note, Dawe salary, Short Course deficit, a factory investigation trip, the two banquets and the secretary's salary for the past three months.
The report also showed that less than half the membership had kept dues paid up and after considerable discussion concerning this matter, it was determined to leave the finances for the new year in the hands of the incoming board, but it was plainly the general feeling that all members should at least pay dues for the first year and a half to last October, past which point none has been paid and then reduce the assessments pro rata with estimated expense.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 29, 1919]

FARMERS' & MERCHANTS' BANK OF KEWANNA [Kewanna, Indiana]
The Farmers' and Merchants' Bank of Kewanna, chartered with an authorized capital stock of $25,000 and a paid up capital of $12,000 has opened its doors to the public.
The officers of the bank are Jacob H. Kreamer, president; H. H. Snepp, vice Pres, and C. H. Snepp, cashier. The new enterprise is located in its own building just completed, which is of white brick and heated with a hot water system. The remainder of the building is to be used for office rooms. The men intersted in the bank are well known, and careful, conservative business men. C. H. Snepp was formerly president and cashier of the Macy Exchange Bank.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 27, 1906]

KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
E. H. Murray, the new merchant, has taken in interest in the Farmers & Merchants Bank, and has been elected to the Vice Presidency of the same.
[Rochester Sent inel, Saturday, March 21, 1908]

KEWANNA BANK SOLD
Kewanna Herald.
The stock of the Farmers' & Merchants' bank was bought Wednesday afternoon by John H. Stevens, representing the Indiana State Bank of Logansport, and was sold to Messrs. D. W. Sibert, Joseph Slick, E. J. Buchanan, M. Hiland and A. P. Harding, who are stockholders in the First National bank of this place. The stockholders of the Farmers' & Merchants' bank were J. H. and Ed Kreamer, C. J., J. E. and Naomi Snepp, Verna Roth, E. H. Murray, J. A. Craig, Joseph Smith, Samuel Metzger and Adeline Hizer, with Joseph Smith, president, E. H. Murray, vice-president, and C. M. Snepp, cashier. The new owners of the bank took possession at the close of business Wednesday evening.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 8, 1910]

KEWANNA BANK TO BE MERGED
Kewanna Herald.
That a charter to operate a state bank in Kewanna had been granted owners of the First National bank of Kewanna by state officers became known here Thursday morning and to some it was a surprise. At the same time it also was announced that the Farmers' & Merchants' bank will be closed.
For some time, the officers say, the Farmers' & Mechants bank has not been a paying institution, but it was kept alive by the stockholders in order that certain business could be cared for there. The two banks were owned by the same men, and it was found that if one bank was operated under a state charter all this business could be handled there, and for this reason the charter was taken out and the federal charter of the First National will be given up.
The officers, directors and stockholders of the newly incorporated institution will be same as those of the First National, and the capital stock will be $25,000.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 1, 1912]

FARMERS & MERCHANTS BANK [Rochester, Indiana]
See U. S. Bank & Trust Co.
__________

WEEK'S TIME GIVEN TO ORGANIZE A NEW BANK IN THE CITY
Indianapolis, July 17. (U.P.) - A one week extension of the time limit for completing re-organization of the U. S. Bank & Trust Company, Rochester was granted by the State department of financial institions here Monday evening.
Efforts are being made to organize a new bank and take over admissable assets of the U. S. Bank and Trust Co., which has been operating on a restricted basis since the National moratorium in March 1933.
Representatives of the proposed new bank asked for more time to complete subscription of stock, Herman Wells, assistant director of the state banking department explained.
Will Approve New Bank
He said that if the necessary stock is subscribed, his department will approve the plan formally.
Wells said he did not know what the new bank would be named, explaining that it could not be incorporated until the money is raised.
Admissable assets of the U. S. Bank & Trust Co. will amount to approximately 40 percent of its deposits Wells estimated.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 17, 1934]

SALE OF NEW BANK STOCK IS REPORTED COMPLETED
Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 17. (U.P.) - Officials in charge of the reorganization of the United States Bank & Trust Co., at Rochester, Ind., were given permission by the State Banking Department to apply for a new charter.
Sale of new stock was reported completed today at the regular meeting of the State Department of Financial Institutions.
After application of a charter and incorporate papers have been filed, the state banking department will send an investigator to the bank to make inspection before it is enrolled in the Federal deposit insurance corporation., Richard McKinley state banking department director, said.
No indication has been given the department what name will be given the new bank, McKinley said.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, August 17, 1934]

APPLICATION FOR A NEW BANK CHARTER FILED WITH STATE.
An application for the organization and incorporation of a new bank in Rochester, to be known as the "Farmers & Merchants Bank" has been filed with the Department of Financial Institutions of Indiana by a group of business and professional men of this city. When organization is completed the institution will be a state bank. It will have a capitalization of $50,000 and a surplus of $5,000.
The names of the applicants who propose to establish the new bank as listed on the application are A. C. Bradley, E. C. Mercer, Dr. M. O. King, George Rentschler, Frank M. Stetson, Hugh B. Holman, J. F. Dysert, W. P. Ross, George E. Hoffman, Harry Bernetha and Walter Caffyn.
Elect Seven Directors
A list of approximately 50 individuals and firms have signed pledges to purchase stock and at the first meeting of the stockholders held this week they elected the following seven men to be the directors of the new institution:
A. C. Bradley, George Rentschler, E. C. Mercer, Dr. George E. Hoffman, J. F. Dysert, Walter Caffyn and Harry Cooper of Indianapolis. Officers of the bank will be elected later.
The stock in the bank is listed at $100 per share, there being 500 shares with an additional charge of $10 each to provide the required surplus.
On Monday, Sept. 10, at 2:00 p.m. a public hearing will be held at the city hall in Rochester on the application and organization and any person who is interested may appear and be heard either in person or by his attorney. It is understood that Herman Wells, secretary of state department will conduct the hearing here.
Occupy U. S. Bank Rooms
According to the directors it is planned to lease the rooms and the equipment of the United States Bank and Trust Comany and conduct the business of the new bank there.
This new bank will have no connection with the old U. S. Bank as this latter institution will be closed by the state banking department and liquidated as rapidly as possible. The new stockholders have been assured that the old bank will declare a dividend of approximately 40% when the new bank is opened and a number of the depositors will use the dividend money to purchase stock in the new Farmers & Merchants Bank.
Providing favorable action is taken by the state banking department, it is probable that the new bank will be opened and operating shortly after 60 days. It takes at least that much time to meet all legal requirements of the state, officials explained.
Liquidation of Old Bank
Liquidation of the old U. S. Bank will be carried on as rapidly as possible for the best interest of the depositors and stockholders and dividends declared for the depositors whenever justified. The directors explained that it is their belief the establishment of the new state bank in the city will help facilitate the liquidation of the old. A 100 per cent dividend will be declared on all money deposited in the U. S. Bank since the moratorium of March 6, 1933, as provided by law.
The liquidation of the bank will be in the hands of a liquidator appointed by the state banking department.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, August 29, 1934]

FARMERS & MERCHANTS BANK TO OPEN
NEW INSTITUTION STARTS BUSINESS THURSDAY MORNING
The Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rochester, Indiana, will open its doors to the public on Thursday morning. This announcement was made today by A. C. Bradley, president after official approval of the new financial institution was received from Washington and the charter was granted by the Secretary of State. The Bank is capiitalized at $50,000 and has a surplus of $5,000.
The president stated that the new bank had made arrangements for occupying the bank building of the United States Bank and Trust Company and will conduct its business there at 729 Main street. It was also announced that the new institution will open a branch bank at Kewanna some time this week.
Old Bank to Close
The United States Bank and Trust Company which has been operating as a Class B institution since the bank moratorium of March 6, 1933, will be closed tomorrow and liquidation will be started in a few days with the appointment of a liquidator by the state banking department. The closed bank will immediately release 35% of the money in restricted deposits there. This will allow each depositor to receive 35% of the money he has in his restricted account. All monies deposited there since the moratorium is payable in full as required by law. The offices of the liquidating bank will be established in the rear of the bank building and this business will be conducted without any connection with the new bank.
The directors of the Farmers an Merchants Bank are A. C. Bradley, J. F. Dysert, E. C. Mercer, George E. Hoffman, Walter Caffyn and George E. Rentschler.
The working personnel of the institution was not announced today but will be given out later this week.
To Release 35%
The release of 35% of the old deposits of The United States Bank and Trust Co. will put nearly $120,000 into circulation in the community immediately. All depositors must come to the bank within the next three days and there sign a form which authorizes the old bank to release 35% of the money on deposit to the owner. If the depositors delay signing the form until the liquidator takes charge then he will pay the 35% out. For this reason depositors should get their money right away and thus avoid delays.
In order that there be no misunderstanding by the public the officers emphasized the fact that the Farmers and Merchants Bank is an entirely new institution with absolutely no connection with the liquidating United States Bank and Trust Company. The new bank will purchase some of the assets of the old institution, thus giving the latter cash to be released. It will conduct all business in the same building.
The U. S. Bank will be in separate offices and its transactions carried on as a distinct institution. It will be the purpose of the liquidator to collect in all monies owed just as fast as possible, keeping in mind the best interest of the depositors and the community.
Board Holds Meeting
The board of directors of the new bank were in session Wednesday afternoon and stated that more information regarding the personnel and officers of the bank would be announced after they adjourned.
The directors said that their charter stated the new institution was organized "to conduct a bank of discount and deposit and a general banking business including trust powers."
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday January 2, 1935]

OFFICERS OF NEW BANK ANNOUNCED WITH OPENING
Announcement of the officers of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rochester was made today following a meeting of the directors on Wednesday afternoon. The new bank opened its doors to the public Thursday morning.
A. C. Bradley was elected to serve as president, George Rentschler of Fulton was chosen vice president, C. B. Harms was cashier which office also carries with it the duties and title of secretary-treasurer. Mr. Harms will move his family here from Goodland, Ind., and he comes here with 20 years of banking experience behind him.
Acting as assistant cashiers in the bank when it opened were Howard Wertzberger of Rochester and Harry S. Miller of Kokomo. Both men have had several years banking experience.
Secure Released Money
A constant stream of depositors flowed into the building all day to secure the 35% which was released by the now closed United States Bank & Trust Company. Many others came to congratulate the officers of the new institution while several firms and individuals sent in bouquets of flowers in honor of the opening.
The directors and orricers of the new bank greeted the people as they came in and an atmosphere of cheerful optimism prevailed as the depositors secured a third of their money which had been restricted since March 6, 1933.
The directors pointed out that the new bank has its deposits guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Guarantee Insurance Corporation which insures each individual account up to $5,000.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 3, 1935]

BRANCH BANK IS OPENED IN KEWANNA THIS MORNING
Kewanna business men and farmers of that community were given banking facilities once more and for the first time in five years when a branch of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Rochester was opened in that town. The doors of the bank were opened Saturday morning, the location being in the old American National Bank Building.
Ira Cree, assistant cashier of the Farmers and Merchants Bank, was in charge and greeted the patrons most of whom he knew from his long experience in the banking business. He was an assistant cashier of the former Logansport Loan and Trust Company.
It was in 1930 that the two banks of Kewana closed their doors and since that time the people of that community have had to do their banking in Rochester, Winamac, Leiters Ford, Fulton, Logansport and other neighboring banks. The new branch is qualified to do a complete banking business and will undoubrtedly be a business stimulant to Kewanna. The people of the Grass Creek community are expected to use the bank as they have had none since their institution also closed in 1930.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, January 5, 1935]
FARMERS' BANK [Mentone, Indiana]
MENTONE BANK TO CLOSE
It is understood that the First National Bank of Mentone is now in or soon will be in process of liquidation, the business and assets of the concern to be taken over by the Farmers bank of Mentone, over which E. M. Eddinger is the presiding genius. The National bank, it is reported, is in good shape for liquidation. Carlin Myers is president of the institution, and John McCullough, cashier.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 28, 1911]

FARMER'S CITY MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Announcing the opening of FARMER'S CITY MARKET, 526 Main Street (Formerly Powell Market) on Saturday, August 6th. Entire new stock of high grade meats and groceries. Carl Sanders, Prop., Roy Kline, Mgr.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, August 4, 1932]

FARMERS' CO-OPERATIVE ELEVATOR ASSN [Rochester, Indiana]
ELEVATOR ASSOCIATION NAMES NEW DIRECTORS
At the annual meeting Tuesday evening of the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Association, the following directors were elected for 1924:
James Downs, Norman Stoner, Robert Miller, E. C. Mercer and Lon Carruthers. The last two were newly elected, while the other three had served before. Officers will be elected at a special meeting of the directors at a later date. Plans for the ensuing year were discussed at the meeting, which was attended by about 25 members of the association.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 16, 1924]

FARMERS' CO-PARTNERSHIP INS. COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
See Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company
__________

TRI COUNTY COMPANY HOLDS ANNUAL MEET
At the annual meeting of the board of directors and members of the Farmers' Co-Partnership Insurance Co., of Fulton, White and Pulaski counties, held Tuesday at Kewanna, the report of Secretary E. C. Mercer, of this city, showed that on December 17, 1918, the company had in effect 2,207 policies aggregating $4,097,693.
The company's losses during the past year, 65 in all, amounted to $12,659.51. The total disbursements for the past year were $17,319.05 and the total receipts, $17,842.79. There has been levied an assessment of 20 cents on the one hundred dollars, plus the 1919 dues of 15 cents on the hundred, 35 cents in all.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 17, 1918]

McCLUNG AGAIN TO HEAD INSURANCE CO.
At the annual meeting of the Farmers' Co-Partnership Insurance Co., of Fulton, White and Pulaski counties, in Kewanna, Tuesday, N. A. McClung, southwest of the city was reelected president; R. A. Phillips, of Star City, elected vice president and E. C. Mercer of Rochester, re-elected secretary. J. J. King and Adolph Hunneshagen were named at the executive committee for Fulton county; G. W. Fry and Chester Wickersham, for White county and J. T. Washburn and E. C. Geier for Pulaski.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 18, 1918]

PHILLIPS IS PRESIDENT
R. A. Phillips, of Star City, is now president of the Farmers Cooperative Insurance Co., of Fulton, Pulaski and White counties, succeeding the late N. A. McClung.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 22, 1919]

FARMERSS' FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
A new FARMERS' FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY has been recently organized at Rochester that embraces in its jurisdiction the counties of Marshall, Fulton and Miami. The officers of the society are E. KIRTLAND, President; Augustine HISEY, Vice-President; Isaac B. MULLICAN, Treasurer; J. M. DAVIS, Secretary . . . .
[Rochester Sentnel, Saturday, January 20, 1883]

FARMERS' MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
INSURANCE COMPANY WILL CHANGE NAME
Within the year the Farmers' Co-partnership Insurance company, having headquarters in this city, will change its name to the Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company of Rochester to conform to the law of 1919 regulating such corporations. The law requires that such insurance companies have the word "mutual" in their name and that such organizations conform to the measure by 1924. The change in the name of the local body will be made sometime after the revision of the by-laws in December.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 9, 1921]

ANNUAL MEETING OF MUTUAL INSURANCE CO.
The annual meeting of officers, directors and stockholders of the Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company, which was originated in Fulton county, was held Tuesday afternoon at Kewanna. New officers were to be elected to succeed R. A. Phillips, Star City, president; A. J. King, Rochester, vice-president; Frank Montgomery, Rochester, treasurer, and E. C. Mercer, Rochester, secretary.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 26, 1924]

ALL OFFICERS NAMED AGAIN AT KEWANNA
Edwin C. Mercer, secretary of the Farmers' Mutual Insurance company, which operates in Fulton, Pulaski, White and Starke counties, reports an enthusiastic annual meeting of the directors and stockholders of the organization, held Tuesday afternoon at Kewanna. Mr. Mercer was re-elected secretary. All other officers - E. A. Phillips, Star City, president; J. J. King, Akron, vice-president, and F. C. Montgomery, Rochester, treasurer, were re-elected. The executive committee composed of J. J. Werner and J. S. Wentzel, Fulton county; J. T. Washburn, A. E. Masterson, Pulaski county; G. W. Fry, John Mattix, White county, and Elmer Shilling and John Exaver, of Starke county, were also re-elected. The company now has 3,000 policy holders with $7,550,000 in insurance in force.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 27, 1924]

FARMERS' MUTUAL TELEPHONE COMPANY [Big Foot, Indiana]
FARMERS BUY TELEPHONE COMPANY - WILL DISSOLVE
For the consideration of $50,000 the Farmers Co-operative Company has purchased the holdings of the Farmers Mutual Telephone Company which operates a line connecting the towns of Silver Lake, Claypool, Burket, Mentone and Bigfoot.
Transference on active operation will occur as soon as the new possessors have procured a dissolution of the Farmers Mutual Company. Action will be instigated immediately through the Indiana Public Service Commission.
The absorption of the Mutual company will mark the end of many legal battles which were threatened when the owner, Mrs. Burdy, of Silver Lake attempted to raise the rate without, according to subscribers, giving them sufficient notice. The patrons in the different towns held indignation meetings and threatened to have their phones removed unless he lowered the rates.
In Newcastle township which is served by the Bigfoot exchange, a meeting was held recently in which 90 per cent of the subscribers signified their intention of removing their phones, and at Mentone 97 per cent had reached the same conclusion.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 1, 1920]

FARMERS' STATE BANK [Mexico, Indiana]
The Farmers' State bank of Mexico, Miami county, has been organized with a capital stock of $25,000 by D. W. Zintsmaster, of Huntington. The directors are C. H. Black, Charles Bond, L. F. Cox, Leroy Graft, D. S. Hood, Rufus C. Kinzie, Josiah Maus, L. C. Turnipseed and George W. Wilson. The officers elected are Josiah Maus, president; Frank Fisher, vice-president. The bank will open for business tomorrow.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 14, 1913]

FARMER'S STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Call at the Farmer's Store - Dry Goods - T. F. Rannells
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 22, 1859]

Pershing & Rannells, Dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Hats, Caps and Ready-made Clothing, Groceries, Hardware, Queensware, &c. &c.
They also purchase Wheat, Corn, Hides, and all kinds of country produce at the Farmer's Store, in Wallace's Block, south east corner Main and Market Streets, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, March 1, 1860]

Houses to Let. Persons who want to rent dwellings can be accommodated by calling on T. F. Rannells, at the Farmers Store. Rochester, April 26, 1860.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, April 26, 1860]

Mr. D. R. Pershing of the firm of Pershing & Rannells -- of the Farmer's Store, we understand has sold his interest in the establishment to T. F. Rannells, the Junior partner . . .
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, January 24, 1861]

The Farmer's Store . . . Dry Goods, Groceries, Latest styles of Fancy Goods, &c, &c. T. F. Rannells, Dennis McMahan. Rannells & McMahan. Rochester, April 18th, 1861.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, May 2, 1861]

[Adv] FARMERS' STORE, - - - in the Arlington block, with a full line of dry goods, notions, hats, boots and shoes, Glassware, queensware, tinware, etc. - - - Bring on your produce. WALLACE & HOLMAN, Per J. D. Holman, Manager.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 7, 1890]

[Adv] - - - Bargains and Presents - - - J. D. HOLMAN, 1st Door South of Postoffice, (Arlington Block), Rochester, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 11, 1891]

[Adv] FARMERS STORE. We want your trade and will give you Bargains to hold it. - - - WILL LOOMIS, Successor to Geo. Wallace.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 30, 1894]

[Adv] BANKRUPT SALE at the FARMERS' STORE, Long's Building, Rochester, Indiana. The entire stock will be sacrificed at retail, and the proceeds to be used exclusively for the payment of debts. Dry Goods, Boots and Shoes, Ribbon Goods, Notions &c. Call Immediately, H. W. KEWNEY, Assignee.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 5, 1897]

FARMERS SUPPLY CO. [Akron, Indiana]
AKRON FARMERS TO BUY
The farmers living near Akron are making arrangements to buy one of the local elevators and lumber yards and if the price is right, both of the local firms may be purchased. A meeting was held at the library Saturday afternoon when the Farmers Supply Co. was organized. This company will issue stocks which any citizen may buy, including the people living in town, regardless of their occupation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 13, 1920]

FARMERS TELEPHONE COMPANY [Akron, Indiana]
AKRON
Akron News.
The Farmers' Telephone line, north and east of Akron, commonly known in the telephone world as the "Shoe String Line," has been severed from all long distance connections by the late action of the Eel River Telephone Company of North Manchester. This is an important and interesting event in the local telephone struggle and indicates that the farmers on the Shoe String are up against a hard proposition.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 10, 1908]

AKRON
Akron News.
The Farmers' Telephone company is coming to Akron. They have nice, large, smoothe poles erected in a line from the east almost to the main part of town. We have understood that the switch board will be put in the rooms over C. F. Hoover's undertaking establishment.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 21, 1908]

FARRAR & HAZLETT DRUG STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
DRUG STORE IS SOLD AGAIN
The drug store at the [NW] corner of Main and 7th Sts., again changed hands Friday when it was sold by Frank Terry to L. B. Farrar and Foster Hazlett. Mr. Farrar, who has been clerking in the store for some time, will have charge. He told a SENTINEL representative that it would be completely restocked.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 14, 1918]

FARRIGAN & CLARY [Rochester, Indiana
The old reliable BOOT & SHOE STAND, opposite the Bank - - - FARRIGAN & CLARY.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 7, 1878]

FARRINGTON WAGON & CARRIAGE SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
H. S. Farrington, Carriage, Sign, Fancy and Ornamental painting. Also trimming done with neatness and dispatch, at his old stand, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 27, 1867]
See Union Wagon Shop

FARRY, CREAMER [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL MAN'S ARTICLE IN READER'S DIGEST
Creamer Farry, route 5, is the author of an article entitled "Life In These United States," which appears in the September issue of Reader's Digest.
Mr. Farry, an invalid, lives with his mother, Mrs. Anna Farry, near Talma. He is a former newspaper man who graduated from Talma high school and later attended Wabash college.
With his mother, he resides in the wintr months at Mansfield, Ohio, but enjoys the summer seasons on the farm in Newcastle township.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, August 28, 1945]

FARRY, SILAS H. [Newcastle Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Silas H. Farry. - During the early history of our country there lived among the hills of Vermont a family of whom we know but little and can learn nothing more. All that is known of them is, that their name was Farry (or perhaps Ferry). To this family was born, near the close of the last centry, a son, whom they named John Cephas.
This infant grew to childhood and to youth under his parental roof, but growing dissatisfied, he concluded to manage his own fortune. Accordingly, he left home, and when but a mere boy enlisted in the army for three years during the war of 1812. Upon being discharged from the service, he enlisted in the regular army for five years. Having been in the service of his country so long, it seems proper that some of the incidents connected with that service should be related here. He participated in a number of the principal battles of the war, among which was that of Lundy's Lane.
His command was afterward stationed at Fort Wayne, whence he was detailed as dispath bearer. While engaged in this branch of the service, he carried the mail from Ft. Wayne to Ft. Dearborn (now Chicago). He usually made the journey alone and without fear among the prevalence of savages.
On one occasion, however, he was accompanied by a comrade who, somewhere in the bounds of what is now St. Joseph County, Ind., was taken violently ill, and with what means he had at his command he could not save his life. Having nothing with which to dig a grave, and not wishing to leave the remains of his dead comrade uninterred for the wild beasts, and worse than wild savages to mutilate, he was forced to the expedient of carrying him to the root of a fallen tree, and with a small ax which he carried, cut the trunk off and let the root fall back, and thus bury him.
After his term of service, he married Elizabeth Collins, near Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio. She was a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of Jeremiah Collins, who came from France with Lafayette to assist in securing American liberty.
He participated in a number of the battles of the Revolution, among which was the ever memorable battle of Yorktown.
While in this engagement, he was wounded in the right hand. Some of his comrades asked him to retire and have his wound dressed. "Not till the victory is won or this sword is surrendered," was the reply. At one time while in the service, Mr. Collins was captured by the Indians and retained as a prisoner for some six months.
He finally made his escape, and when within one day's journey of safety he camped at night, where an Indian, returning from the settlements with several white scalps, fell in with him, whom he was compelled to dispatch in order to save his own life. On the next day he arrived at the settlements, taking the scalp of the Indian whom he had killed, together with those which the Indian had; and being dressed in Indian costume and not able to speak the English language it was with the utmost difficulty that he prevailed upon them not to kill him.
But I must return to the parties first spoken of.
To John C. and Elizabeth Farry were born a number of children, among whom was Silas H., the subject of this sketch.
He was born near Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio, July 16, 1819. At the age of eight years, he located with his parents near Troy, Miami Co., Ohio, in the bounds of which he remained until he reached his majority.
At the age of sixteen, by the consent and advice of his parents, he went to live with Daniel Brown, about three miles west of Troy. This was in the winters of 1835-36.
The stipulations of the contract between them were, that he should remain in the service of Mr. Brown until he reached his majority, for which he should receive respectable clothing, three months at school each winter, and at the expiration of the time $106 in silver coin.
This contract was faithfully complied with by both parties, and the money paid over in July, 1840. In the autumn of the same year, Mr. F. came to this county on foot, carrying his money in a knapsack on his back.
After a time he selected and purchased the eighty acres of land on which he now resides, paying for it $154--$104 down and balance in one year.
While on this trip he visited his parents, who some years before, had located near Mishawaka, St. Joseph County. Shortly after this he returned to his native State.
In April, 1843, he was united in marriage to Miss Catharine Brown, a native of Miami County, Ohio, born May 2, 1824. She was the eldest daughter of Daniel Brown, in whose family Mr. Ferry spent the last five years of his minority.
Of this union were born five children--William R., Theodore B., Lucelia E., Austin O. and Viola O. Of these the first and third are married; and the eldest served in the Eighty-seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in the war of the rebellion, and was severely wounded at the battle of Chickamauga.
Mrs. Farry was of Itish-German lineage; her father, Daniel Brown, was born in New York February 23, 1805, shortly after his parents emigrated from Ireland. He located with his parents in Miami County at the age of eleven. In May, 1822, he was united in marriage to Miss Sophia Kerns, a native of North Carolina, born in 1802, and whose ancestors had come from Germany some time before. Her father, Henry Kerns, settled in Miami County, Ohio, in 1805, when it was an almost unbroken wilderness. Upon marrying, Mr. Farry located near Troy, where he remained until the autumn of 1846, when he removed and located where he now resides. This at that time was almost an unbroken wilderness, with many of the native wild animals here in abundance.
Mr. Farry having been one of the early settlers of Newcastle Township, has always taken a great interest in whatever he thought was for the advancement of the country, always doing what his limited circumstances would admit of for the growth and promotion of the good of the country in general.
He took a decided stand in favor of the educational interests of his adopted county.
When he located here, his children were not old enough to enter school, but they were growing and it would be necessary for them to have a school convenient, so he was one of the prime movers in the construction of a schoolhouse which was located one mile south of his home. Here his older children began their school life, the eldest going alone through the forest when but a little more than three years old. From that day to this, for thirty-six years, Mr. Farry has been closely identified with the educational interests of the county.
Religiously, Mr. Farry's early training was with the Old School Baptists; but on arriving at manhood he chose and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church at Troy, Ohio, to which his lady also united and remained a member all her life. Shortly after he settled here, Mr. Farry was appointed class leader, and from that time on for nearly thirty years he constantly filled some official position in the church, and has at times filled the positions of Leader, Steward and Sabbath School Superintendent at one and the same time.
On the 12th of March, 1876, Mr. F. was initiated into Bloomingsburg Lodge, No. 516, I.O.O.F., and was almost immediately appointed to an office, since which time he has constantly filled some official position; he has passed the various chairs and represented the lodge in the Grand Lodge, of which organization he is yet a member. He filled the position of Deputy Grand Master of the district in which he resides one year; has been Chaplain of the lodge and also of the Rebekah Degree Lodge amost constantly from the time he united with the order.
On the 21st of April, 1856, he met with a severe loss by the destruction of his residence by fire, with a great share of its contents; fortunately, however, there were no lives lost nor wounds infliicted.
He set immediately to work and in a few weeks was living in another built on the same site.
On the 9th of April, 1861, he was deprived of his estimable lady by death, after having traveled the rugged path of life together for a little more than eighteen years. She was a woman that had been widely known and universaly respected.
On the 14th of October, 1861, Mr. Farry was again united in marriage, this time to Miss Ruth A. Roach, a native of Mount Vernon, Knox Co., Ohio, born, January 5, 1835. Her father, Joseph Roach, was born in FrederickCounty, Md., February 8, 1806. Being left an orphan at the age of three years, and his elder brothers being in the army during the war of 1812, he had the privilege of but three months of school, but by industry out of school, obtained a very good business education. He served an apprenticeship at shoe-making, in the city of Philadelphia.
In about the year 1832, Mr. Roach was united in marriage to Miss Angeline Belt, a native of Montgomery County, Md., born in December, 1810. Her advantages at school were also very limited, having the privilege of but four weeks of school in her life, and had to go thirty miles for that; however she became a good reader and writer.
In 1834, Mr. Roach emigrated to Knox County, Ohio, which journey occupied the space of six weeks. In the spring of 1839, they emigrated to Kosciusko County, Ind., and located near Warsaw. He remained in this vicinity for about six years, working at the shoe-making trade the most of the time, but spending part of the summer seasons at brick-making. While here, he burned the first brick put into a building at Warsaw.
In the autumn of 1845, Mr. Roach located near Mount Etna, in Huntington County; thence in 1847 at Lagro, Wabash County, where he spent the remainder of his life at the shoe-making trade. Mr. Roach died at his home in Lagro on the 14th of January, 1856, and his wife on the 20th of September, 1859. She had, for many years, been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
These people were the parents of twelve children, of whom Mrs. Farry was the second. Her early life being spent in the wilds of a new and sparsely settled country, her educational advantages were very meager, yet she secured sufficient education to enable her to take charge of one of the schools in the vicinity of her home; but not liking the occupation, she gave it up at the expiration of one term.
In early life, she united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which organization she has ever since been identified.
She and her husband have now passed through the trying scenes of life together for more than twenty-one years. To them have been born four children--Eldora C., Hugh R., Roland R. and Maggie A. J., of whom Hugh was released from this life at the age of sixteen months.
Mrs. Farry has been a kind companion and a good mother, not only to her own children, but to those of whom she was called upon to take control, whose mothers had been taken away.
She is a charter member of Bethlehem Rebekah degree lodge, No. 195, I.O.O.F.; has passed the various offices. She was the first Vice Grand of the lodge and the first lady Noble Grand. She is now filling the office of Conductor, and has constantly been in office ever since the organization of the lodge in April, 1879.
She is a lady widely known and universally repsected.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, pp. 48-49]

FARRY, THEODORE B. [Newcastle Township]
BIOGRAPHY
It might be considered presumption in writing one's own biography to enlarge upon it or to make himself appear conspicuous. I will therefore only say that I was born in Miami County, Ohio, on the 4th of March, 1846, and with my parents (whose biographies appear elsewhere) came to his county in November of the same year. I spent my early life on the farm where my father now resides, and assisted in clearing the same. My educational advantages, on account of my father's reverses, were very limited, having worked my way through mostly after reaching my majority. For seventeen years, I have been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Curch, filling official positions for a number of years. I am a member of the I.O.O.F. In the spring of 1880, I was nominated on the Republican ticket for County Surveyor without my knowledge or consent, but accepted he position on the ticket, and without working for the position was defeated by twenty-nine votes in a county where the Democrats had a large majority. In 1882, was renominated and elected by fifty majority in the same county of Fulton. I have spent some fourteen years in the public schools of this State and Kansas as teacher.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 49]

FATHERLESS CHILDREN OF FRANCE [Rochester, Indiana]
See Orphans, Children of France

FAUROTE, CHARLES "KID" [Rochester, Indiana]
Charles "Kid" Faurote, Spanish-American war veteran and well-known farmer of the Grass Creek community, arrived in Rochester last night via bus, from Phoenix, Arizona where he had spent the winter months.
The "Kid," who casually dropped in at The News-Sentinel office today broke the news that he was on the payroll of the Universal Film Co. for the past several weeks, while that company was shooting a new picture, "The Woman in a Jam," in the Superstitious Mountains, 28 miles out of Phoenix. The film which was just completed last week, furnished employment for over 700 actors and laborers, the Green Oak farmer stated.
Mr. Faurote was on the payroll as an actor and played the role of an old "Desert Rat." While the "Kid" stated he only had a minor speaking part in the movie, he and his mining burro were in numerous scenes of the western movie.
Among the celebrities who played the major roles in the film were Irene Dunn, Ralph Bellamy and Pat Nolan. The local man stated he had an idea he would be given an actor's role when he, along with some two or three hundred other Phoenix men, applied for work on the movie location.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, March 31, 1942]

FEATHER RENOVATOR [Rochester, Indiana]
Our citizens will be glad to learn that they can now have an opportunity of having their feather beds cleansed and renovated by the present steaming process, which is so popular in the East, but has only recently been introduced in the West. Mr. Turner, late of the State of New York, has put up his apparatus, upstairs in the building formerly occupied by A. E. Taylor, as a store, where he will receive orders . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, November 12, 1863]

FEDER, LOU [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Cincinnati Store
See: First National Bank
__________

Wool! Wool! The highest market price in Cash paid for Wool; or in exchange . . . One yard of Jeans of all colors, for one pound of Wool. L. Feder.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 14, 1866]

Apology. We are called upon to apologize to our patrons for inserting an Advertisement in our paper for one Louis Feder, and will promise never to do so again after the expiration of the present contract. When we first inserted his Advertisement, we thought him to be a fair and honest dealer, and as we do not disregard honor and work for money alone, we refuse ever after to ask our patrons to deal with a man whom we know to be dishonest, who is so low as to insult ladies, by meddling in an officious manner, who come into his store, and uses every means in his power to cheat, lie, deceive, and swindle honest people out of their hard earnings. We know that he cannot be trusted and so soon as his contract expires we will lift his advertisement out, for we do not propose to decieve the people in anyway when we can prevent it.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, February 7, 1867]

FEDER & SILBERBERG [Rochester, Indiana]
Located N side of street, E of alley, 118 E 8th. in Centennial Block.
The Rochester Sentinel now occupies this space.
See Centennial Block.
__________

[Adv] Merchant Tailoring as cheap as you can buy Ready Made Clothing, and give our customers Good and satisfactory fits and stylish clothing at Resumption Prices. - - - The One-Price Clothing House, Centennial Block, opposite and north of the Court House, Rochester, Indiana. FEDER & SILBERBERG.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 22, 1879]

BOUND TO CLOSE
We have conducted our north end clothing store longer than we expected and are now determined to close out the entire stock in a short time. In order to do so, we offer you clothing of all kinds at your own prices. You are certain to get bargains if you call the Poor Man's Friend clothing establishment in the Commercial Block. FEDER & SILBERBERG.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 27, 1879]

FEDER & SILBERBERG
In considering the various enterprises of Rochester, the clothing trade assumes an importance with reference to the wealth and general prosperity that commands it to the most careful attention of any work bearing upon the resources of the city, and in this connection the establishment of Messrs. FEDER & SILBERBERG, both from the extent of its business and the character of its operation, should receive fitting consideration.
This is one of the largest best and most thoroughly equipped and reliable clothing houses in this part of the state, and it enjoys a correspondingly high reputation. Like many of our most successful mercantile institutions, that of Messrs. Feder & Silberberg was begun in a very limited way. Mr. [Louis] FEDER established the business in the year 1865 being located on west side of public square. The goods carried consisted of a general line, and $500 would cover their total valuation. Mr. Feder conducted the business until 1866 and then admitting Mr. [Max] SILBERBERG as partner, changing the firm's name to that of Feder & Silberberg.
They continued their business at their old location until 1875, in the meantime having dropped all lines, except clothing and furnishing goods, when they realized their quarters were altogether too small for the immense proportions their business had assumed. They then built the magnificent building on the north side of public square completing the same in 1876 dedicating the building to the year "Centennial." The building is 43x95 feet, two stories high, the entire lower floor being utilized as salesroom, while the largest part of the upper floor is devoted to Merchant tailoring. This is without question the finest salesroom in Northern Indiana, being especially adapted to the clothing department, enabling them to display goods in the best possible manner. This store has two front entrances and the front contains over 400 square feet of heavy plate glass. In fact everything relating to this establishment has a metropolitan appearance.
In 1881 Messrs. Feder & Silberberg established a wholesale and manufacturing house in Cincinnati, Ohio, which is one of the largest of a similar kind in the city. They manufacture all clothing sold by them which enables them to sell the same grade of goods much cheaper than houses which do not possess these advantages.
After establishing their wholesale house in Cincinnati, it became necessary to procure a manager for their extensive house in our city, and then they selected Mr. Lou WOHLGEMUTH for the position (we but voice the saying of all knowing him) they could not have made a better selection. Mr. Wohlgemuth has demonstrated that he knows how to conduct an establishment of this kind. He is well known to our citizens as a gentleman of excellent business qualifications, and unquestionable reliability in all matters pertaining to his social walks of life as well as in his business relations. He has hosts of friends in this locality, and has succeeded by his square dealing and honorable treatment of customers in building up a very large and pleasant patronage.
Truly this is a mammoth store -- not only in room occupied, but in extent and assortment of goods. The stock displayed is not only the largest in Rochester, but is one of the largest in this part of the state, in fact you seldom see as extensive an exhibit of goods in cities of twenty or thirty thousand inhabitants. The stock is complete, fresh and fashionable, and embraces everything known to the trade. Their room will be found completely filled with a large assortment of all kinds of clothing for men, boys and children, of all colors, styles and prices. The childrens department is quite a feature, in short they can fit any person from child three years old to the largest and most portly man. The list of gents furnishing goods embraces everything in the line from the finest imported goods to the more cheaper grades. They show an assortment not usually found in places the size of Rochester, goods that can be relied upon as being strictly first class in every respect. The facilities enjoyed by this house for obtaining furnishing goods cannot be equaled by any house in the state, receiving the same from Messrs. Feder & Silberberg who conduct three large wholesale houses located in Chicago, New York and Cincinnati. They carry a very large line of hats and caps, displaying all of the latest styles and most popular makes. They make a specialty of merchant tailoring and in this line of trade have a wide reputation.
Mr. Wohlgemuth has recently employed a cutter from Cincinnati, Ohio. This gentleman has a reputation that is not excelled by any cutter in the state. This firm carries a splendid stock of piece goods, including the latest styles of everything pertaining to the business.
Those who deal with this house may confidently depend upon receiving choice fabrics, elegant styles, perfect fits and superior finish, while the prices are invariably governed by a sense of moderation for which this house has a thoroughly established reputation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 29, 1888]

FEDER & SILBERBERG (Biography)
Louis FEDER came to Rochester in the year 1865 and established a general store at the north end. The business gradually increased when in 1868, Mr. Max SILBERBERG associated himself with Mr. Feder, thus creating one of the most solid firms in Fulton county and one of the most widely known in Northern Indiana. After adding a clothing department they changed their location to the public square where they remained until 1875 when the fire destroyed the buildings. In 1876 the firm erected their part of the Centennial building where they have been doing business ever since. Through their thrift and industry the firm soon discovered that instead of purchasing their goods from manufacturers they could make them, and as it required a larger field to carry on the manufacturing business successfully they selected the city of Cincinnati for the venture. This proved a decided success as from that time they supplied their retail store at original cost thus saving the profits of middlemen. Both Messrs. Feder and Silberberg, in consequence, had to move to Cincinnati in 1880 and began opening several retail stores for the outlet of their goods and, in conjunction with their factory, opened a wholesale store keeping constantly from 10 to 15 traveling salesmen engaged to sell their goods all over the North, West and South. The Rochester firm in which this issue is particularly interested was in 1881 placed in charge of Mr. L. WOHLGEMUTH as manager, who has had full charge of the business ever since.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

[Adv] - - - Feder & Silberberg, Al Hammel, Mgr.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 9, 1903]

[Adv] - - - The Biggest Removal Sale - - - - We have leased the room next door to the Post Office and will occupy same by May 1st. - - - - FEDER & SILBERBERG, Al Hammel, Manager.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 5, 1904]

[Adv] We are going to Move on Main Street. We have leased the room formerly occupied by the Wert Shoe Store, 1st door south of the Post Office, where we will occupy the first and second floors. - - - - FEDER & SILBERBERT, Al Hammel, Manager. One Price Clothiers.
[Rochester Sentinal, Monday, March 7, 1904]

[Adv] YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITED To call at our New Main Street Store in the Arlington Block, and see the swellest line of right-priced clothing ever brought to Rochester. It's Rochester's oldest established business house in a new location. The post office is next door to us. FEDER & SILBERBERG, One-Price Clothiers. Al Hammel, Mgr.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 10, 1904]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Feder & Silberberg's clothing will be packed up today and taken to Plymouth, where Al Hammel will make a big sale to dispose of the remainder of the stock.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, November 28, 1905]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The room in the Arlington block, formerly occupied by Feder & Silberberg, is being fitted up for the Turner Sisters who will move their millinery store there about the first of March.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 23, 1906]

VOICE OF THE PEOPLE
June 4, 1942
Rochester News-Sentinel
Rochester, Ind.
Gentlemen:
The forepart of last year I passed through Rochester and noticed the old sign, Feder & Silberberg, on the alley side of the building you occupy. This building formerly was owned by the old firm of Feder & Silberberg. Same interested me very much, being the building and place of business of my father and uncle and to know that that sign stood the weather all these years (more than 65).
When Mr. Ike Wile was out here last year I spoke to him about it and asked him to get some photographer there to take a snap shot of it for me and he promised to do so. But it seems the beauty of our country out here impressed him so much that he forgot all about the promise. So I am now taking the liberty of addressing you to favor me by contacting some photographer and have a snap made of same and mail to me, along with his bill for so doing.
Thanking you in advance and with best wishes, I remain,
Yours very truly,
Max M. Silberberg
(Editor's note: Inasmuch as the Moore Bros. building (old Feder & Silberberg building) has been painted and the old sign obliterated, it will be impossible to comply with Mr. Silberberg's request. However, if anyone has a picture showing this old sign please bring it to the News-Sentinel and it will be forwarded to Mr. Silberberg.)
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 8, 1942]

FEDERAL-MOGUL PLANT - [Leiters Ford, Indiana]
PLANT CLOSING BRUISES LEITERS PLANT WORKERS
More than 300 Federal-Mogul employees at the Leiters Ford plant received a sour Christmas surprise Dec. 5 when they learned their jobs would disappear before 1997 was finished.
Company executives are moving the jobs to Juarez, Mexico.
Larry Kirk, 38, Macy, said he had to struggle to get his job at Federal-Mogul because he is handicapped. Kirk suffered from polio as a child and lost the use of his right leg. He has been on crutches ever since.
"I don't know what's in store for me," Kirk said. "I'm handicapped myself, and jobs aren't plentiful for me."
Kirk said he works as a machine set-up person at the Leiters Ford plant, and this job provides the main income for his family.
Kirk and his wife, Jean, live with their two nephews in a house he owns.
"I've always been grateful for the things (Federal-Mogul) has done for us," Kirk said. "It's hard for us to think of them as a caring company, now."
Cora Lynn Clemans, 37, Lake Bruce, has worked at the Leiters Ford plant since it was owned by a company called Switches.
"I told a supervisor the other day that I helped Switches move here from Lake Bruce. I guess I can help Federal-Mogul move out," Clemans said.
"When we were sold to Federal-Mogul, we were told what a big company it was. I thought this was really going to work out."
Clemans started working for Switches right out of high school at age 18; her 19th anniversary of working in the automotive parts business comes in February 1997.
"I hate the thought of starting over somewhere else," Clemans said. "You give the company your life, and the corporation doesn't care. This is the only work I know. I don't know what I will do next.'
Clemans and her husband, Howard, have rented a house in Lake Bruce for two years. She has two grown children who live elsewhere. For a four years she was a single mother providing for her family with Federal-Mogul pay.
"Mank goodness that isn't the case anymore," Clemans said.
The company attempted to case the blow last week by offering retention bonuses to those who continue to work until their termination date.
Also, a firm called The Transition Team has been hired to help the Leiters Ford employees find new jobs. Kirk and Clemans are skeptical that these "benefits" will help much.
Said Clemans: "I hope (The Transition Team) can give me some input because I'm lost." Neither know if they can afford to stay with Fcderal-Mogul until their termination dates.
"There's a lot of tension there, now," Kirk said. "I look for it to get a lot worse before it's all over."
Kirk said he thought the plant might close, but he didn't want to believe it.
"I don't blame Federal-Mogul for all of this," Kirk said. "I blame our federal government that allows companies to send our jobs to Mexico. We can't compete anymore because companies can get away with paying slave labor wages in Mexico.
"I blame the people we put in office for this. (Federal-Mogul officials) were telling us that they had to raise the price of their stock. I think the company is moving to Mexico because of corporate greed."
Clemans doesn't think poor production is a reason for the closing. She said the Leiters Ford plant performed exceptionally when an oil seal product line was moved in from a factory in Frankfort.
"I know we did a good job here," Clemans said. "What Frankfort was doing in three shifts and overtime, we were doing in two shifts with no overtime."
The corporation's announcement coming in the Christmas season seems to symbolize the uncaring spirit Federal-Mogul officials has for its employees, Kirk and Clemans believe.
"I know of some people who have made statements that there just won't be any Christmas this year," Kirk said.
"There are a lot of people who I really feel sony for. There are people there who don't know any other type of work."
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 12, 1996]
FEECE, MAX [Rochester, Indiana]
MAX FEECE PURCHASES THE CARMELCRISP SHOP
Max Feece announced today he had purchased the Carmelcrisp Shop, 110 East Eighth street from Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Overstreet. He will be assisted in operation of the store by Mrs. Feece and Leo. The store will continue to feature good things to eat.
Mr. Overstreet will devote his time to work for the Indianapolis News, and The News-Sentinel, while Mrs. Overstreet will be in charge of Wolf's Point Grocery which will be operated throughout the entire year.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 11, 1939]

WALTER BOWEN ACQUIRES FEECE CARMELCRISP SHOP
Walter Bowen, owner of the New Evergreen Cafe, announced today that he has purchased the Carmelcrisp Shop at 110 East Eighth street, from Max Feece.
Mr. Bowen will move the equipment of the Carmelcrisp Shop to his cafe where he will operate the same in connection with his cafe.
The Carmelcrisp Shop was started in 1935 by Kenneth Overstreet. Mr. Feece has operated the shop for the past three years and sold the same because of the illness of Mrs. Feece.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 28, 1943]

FEECE FLOWING WELL AND SANITARIUM
See Hotels - Mineral Well Hotel.

FEECE TILE MILL [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
On Mar. 10, 1894, William Feece bought approximately 40 acres in Aubbeenaubbee Township from Phillip D. Wilderman and built a tile mill in or about 1895-1897. William and his boys operated the mill until 1907; it was then sold to the Engle family.
[Peter Feece Family, William R. Feece, Sr., Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

[Vernie Bowen reported that his two sisters, May Ann Bowen and Lydia Bowen, married brothers, William Feece and Peter Feece. William Feece owned and operated a tile mill near Leiters Ford.]

FEIDNER, MARTIN [Wayne Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Martin Feidner, the son of Charles and Agnes Feidner, who were born, reared and who died in Germany, was born April 12, 1825, and came to this country in 1846; went from New York City, where he landed, to Pennsylvania, where he lived about six years or until he came to this county, and settled where his widow now lives. Mr. Feidner was twice married. His first wife was Miss Fredricka Summers, the daughter of Daniel and Rosa Summers, whom he married July 1, 1860, and who died February 18, 1878. The fruits of this union were seven children--William, Daniel, Elizabeth, John, Rosa, Charles and Franklin. For his second wife, he married Elizabeth Zimpleman January 8, 1879. She is the daughter of John G. and Marguerette Zimpleman, residents of this township and among the first settlers of this county. The fruit of this union was but one child, which is now dead. Mr. Feidner died in the winter of 1882. He was a member of the United Brethren Church, of which his first wife was a member, and to which faith his second wife clings. He gained the greater portion of his farm of 200 acres through hard work and careful management.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 61]

FELDER DRUG STORE [Fulton, Indiana]
Located on E corner one block S of the stoplight on SR-25 in Fulton.
Building used for many years by Barney Zanger Bakery.
Later the building was used as the Sam Allen drug store.
Finally, in 1901 Louis Felder and his brother Charles Felder purchased the building.
Later the drug store was moved to the third building S from the bank on the W side of the street, where Louis was in business for more than 40 years.
When Louis Felder's health began to fail, his son Emerson Felder returned to Fulton from Florida in 1941 to assist his father in operating the store through the war years. Louis lived until March 19, 1946. His wife died five weeks later.
Emerson Felder remained in Fulton running both the drug store and a tlevision sales until 1966 when he moved to Atlanta, Georgia. He died August 23, 1967.
__________

IN WIDE AWAKE FULTON TOWN
L. W. Felder, who, for many years, was connected with the Blue Drug store in this city, is making a big success of his drug business in Fulton, and now has one of the finest stores to be found in a town of that size, anywhere. He has recently installed a Sanitary Iceles soda fountain and will open it for use Saturday, April 20, when he will be the host of all who come, and serve fountain drinks free to his guests.
The Fulton band will furnish music for the occasion and there will be other attractions to make it worth while to attend. Myers & Tranbarger of this city will furnish ice cream for Mr. Felder during the season.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 17, 1912]

FELIX CAFE [Rochester, Indiana]
SOLD HERE TUESDAY
A. B. Goodwin purchased the "Felix Cafe" on East Eighth street of Elza Folker and has assumed charge of the establishment.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 19, 1930]

FELTS, DEVANE "BABE" [Rochester, Indiana]
See Steen & Felts

FELTS, LAMBERT W. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Lambert W. Felts, born in Hamilton County, Ind., February 22, 1839. He came to this county in the year 1858, and was married, February 18, 1864, to Rachel Hall, born in this county February 9, 1838. These parents had four children--John W., born November 23, 1864; Milton A., born March 24, 1867; an infant, born November 29, 1872, deceased soon after; and Charles L., born July 29, 1879. The father of L. W. is Joel Felts, a native of Wilkes County, N.C., born November 11, 1811; moved to Hamilton County, Ind., in the year 1833, and was united in marriage to Miss Christina Weldon April 10, 1838. She was born September 29, 1822, being a native of Bracken County, Ky. They lived in Hamilton County until the year 1858, when they came to this county. She deceased June 12, 1879; he is still living at this date, March, 1883. The father of Mrs. Felts, William Hall, was a native of Virginia, born August 17, 1810. He married Elizabeth Shore, born May 7, 1811. She was a native of Virginia. These parents settled in this county about the year 1831. She deceased April 14, 1861, he in March, 1870.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 52]

Norman Stallion GLORIEUX. This animal is a magnificent type of the Norman horse. In color he is a dark chestnut sorrel, weighs 1800 pounds and is as clean and pretty a draft horse as one would wish to see. He will make the season of 1898 at Ward's stable in Rochester. TERMS: $5.00 to insure, no responsibility for accidents but care taken to prevent them. L. W. FELTS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 15, 1898]

FELTS, M. A. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] BUGGIES, WAGONS AND CARRIAGES.. . I have put in a complete Line of Buggies, Wagons, Carriages and Harness in the room over the Telegraph Office, opposite the Arlington Hotel, and will sell them cheaper than you ever bought them before. Call and see them before you buy elsewhere . . . M. A. FELTS, Mitchell Building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 20, 1896]

FELTS & CLARY [Rochester, Indiana]
Felts & Clary have a large force of men employed to work at ice cutting just as soon as it gets thick enough - five or six inches. Ice is best at eight to ten inches but the season is well advanced and as soon as they can get a good quality of clear ice they will fill their large new ice houses by working day and night shifts of men.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 23, 1907]

REAL ESTATE OFFICE MOVED
I have moved my real estate office from the Holeman block over the Blue Drug store, and am ready for all business in my line. M. A. Felts.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 23, 1904]

FELTS BROS. CIGAR STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Located at 722 Main.
Later it was annexed by Ernest Baxter to Baxter Drugs, which is now Webb's Family Pharmacy.
__________

NEW POOL ROOM
John and Milton Felts have rented the room formerly occupied by the K. G. theater and will open an up-to-date pool and billiard hall. The front is now being torn out and carpenters expect to have the building ready in two weeks.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 5, 1914]

THAT FELTS CIGAR STORE, GONE BUT NOT FORGOTTEN
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
It's been gone now for 26 years, swallowed up by Main Street neighbor Baxter Drug Store that much later metamorphosed into Webb's Family Pharmacy.
It was the Felts Brothers Cigar Store and for almost 50 years its patrons embraced it with a fierce loyalty despite genteel society's scorn of it as a place of idlers and imbibers.
Indeed it was a tavern, selling beer but no hard liquor, but it was.much more than that. It offered a variety of cigars, as its name implied, for cigars were a necessity for many of the regulars who six days a week came to its half-dozen tables to sharpen their talents at rum, buck euchre and pedro card games.
This was a men's club, by rigid custom rather than public edict. Here for a time a man could find sanctuary amidst friends and acquaintances. For him, it was a place of camaraderie and contentment.
It was something more for a lot of others, too. At its grill in the rear of the narrow room when I knew it, owner Howard Felts casually but expertly produced hamburgers and cheeseburgers the likes of which had not been seen before, nor have since. Theirr fame ultimately spread beyond the city.
Nothing else was quite like Feltses. Neither Chamberlain's on East Eighth Street with its beer-flavored hot dogs nor the Smokehouse poolroom across Main equaled its peculiar ambiance. And when it passed, an entire era passed with it. Only the memories of a dwindling number of patrons now remain to recall its singularity.
Howard Felts inherited the business in 1958 upon the death of his father Charley who had operated it with Howard's uncle Milt, hence the title Felts Brothers. Milt
came to town from Tiosa about 1912 and ran a poolroom in a wooden shack across the alley from today's Baileys' Hardware. In the mid 1920s he moved into a new building down the block, opened the cigar store and later took Charley in as a partner.
Milt died in 1937. Charley carried on alone until in 1941 he induced son Howard to join him and leave a 14 year career as a baker with Nobby True and Earl Karn. A small, slightly-built man of sharp features and sober demeanor, Howard ran the store with a benevolent firmness. He tolerated no raucous behavior. Outbursts of anger, glee or disappointment were rare, for his clientele on the whole was a disciplined lot. Their major weakness, one survivor recalls, was the careless aim they took at spittoons. Should the noise level rise too much for Howard he'd rap on the nearby counter a few times; that was enough to quiet the house.
Some of the fellows put away quite a few glasses of brew during a day, a circumstance that makes the decorum of the place even more impressive. Those who might come in already well-oiled never got service from Howard.
The house charged 25 cents a game to sit at its tables, but gave 15 cents of that back in a house chip that was good for trade in beer, cigars or food. There was no money bet on the tables, either. Games were played for the same house chips, redeemable in merchandise. A player stayed as long as he wished, settling up his account with Howard or a relief man like Ab Fenstermaker or Ray Yeakley when he was ready to go.
Games went on until about 10 p.m. and were going again early the next morning. Kibitzers, such as a couple of local preachers and the bachelor News-Sentinel reporter, Art Copeland, often stopped by just to watch and gossip. There also was Mike Brickle, a man in his 80s who spent most of every day there because his family knew he would be watched over.
Women were not allowed. There was no sign posted to this effect; it was a fact accepted by both sexes. Nor was it conceivable that a woman might wander in by mistake; the entrance was dark and unappealing, the show window dimmed by dust.
It was said that no woman who telephoned for her man ever found him to be present. Howard protected his customers from dealing with unexpected hostility. This was man's business in a man's world.
Nevertheless, women found their own way of frequenting the Felts Brothers Cigar Store. That's the tale of Howard and his hamburgers to be told next week.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 23, 1997]

LET US CONSIDER THE FELTS HAMBURGER MYTH
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Ask anyone around here who's of the proper age if they remember the Felts Cigar Store. I'll bet you those who do recall it also will tell you what marvelous hamburgers were served there.
Felts was a beer tavern and card room located in what's, now the north portion of Webb's Family Pharmacy. It closed in 1971 after almost a half-century of operation.
So then, what about these almost-mythical hamburgers? Were they really so unusual or is that just the embellished memory of wistful elders?
I ate them every noontime chance I had and I can testify that they were a rare treat. If that doesn't count for much, then consider what women thought of them. As unwilling as they were unable to enter this male establishment, many came regularly to the back door, located just beyond the grill, to pick up their burger orders. Between this backdoor traffic and the jostling for seats at the six-stool counter, noontime was jammed at the back end of Feltses.
Owner Howard Felts, quietly efficient, presided at the grill. often with lighted cigar in his mouth. He fried every burger to order and was not to be hurried, no matter how large the pileup of customers at the counter or at the back door. Judy Burton, who with friend Arlene Deeds came at least once a week, remembers the room was so dark and smokey she couldn't identify the card players when Howard opened the door to deliver her sack of burgers. "But the hamburgers had lots of meat - good and fresh. That's why they were so good," she recalls.
Consideration of that beef certainly is the best place to begin an analysis of the hamburgers' quality. During the store's later years it was supplied by Otis Halterman, proprietor of Halterman's Grocery on East Fourth Street that for 31 years enjoyed a reputation for top-grade meats.
Some of Howard's customers believed the burgers featured a special grind. That was not so, 83-year-old "Oat" Hatterman says today. "It was the same meat I sold over the counter, that I bought from Yellow Creek Packing Company in Elkhart." Nor was it distinctive by being ground only once, as others thought: it was twice ground as was all the ground beef that Halterman sold.
It is "Oat's" opinion that the outstanding character of the Felts hamburger resulted, first of all, from the meat's quality and, secondly, because it was not overcooked; the flavor and juices remained.
H.C. Herkless, who often lunched there from his Racket clothing store down the street, is convinced of a different answer: the burgers were cooked on an iron grill. "Everyone knows that an iron grill is necessary to make good hamburgers and that's the reason you don't find a good one today," says "Herk".
Parke Baxter, the neighboring pharmacist, once asked the master himself for the secret to his hamburger preparation. "I never clean the grill," replied Howard, with a perfectly straight face. But, as a matter of fact, he rarely did.
Howard's son Dale reinforces all of these opinions and adds his own spin on the matter: "The meat was the best Dad could buy, to be sure, and he didn't fry them ahead. He used an ice cream scoop to ball up five pounds at a time. When each was flattened on the grill, he felt that the air going through it made for quicker cooking and better taste."
"And it's true," Dale said, "that the cast-iron grill had a lot to do with their proper cooking. Dad also fried nothing, on it but hamburgers and a little ham. As for never cleaning it, he did occasionally - but only with salt."
So, there you have it. Choose your favorite reason, but trust me and these other witnesses about the result.
Proprietor Howard was such a rabid Republican, it is said, that he threw away the first Franklin Roosevelt dime he was given. He also was a man of capricious humor, some regular visitors remember, which added to the store's singular character. He might slip a piece of cardboard between the bun and mcat as a practical joke on a friend. And if his mood was low for some unfathomable reason, certain customers would get less meat, less cheese and less onion in the sandwich: complaints were ignored.
Diners weren't above giving it back, either. They often accused Howard of letting his cigar ash fall into the.beef, complained that too much salt and pepper were added, or shout at him to "burn one, for a change!' Life at Feltses was kind of like life in a family.
Leading professionals of the city, the doctors and lawyers, might not like to be seen going in the front door but popped in from the back to lunch on the hamburgers, cheeseburgers, hot ham, bean soup or chili. Most of those years a hamburger cost 25 cents. For a dollar one could get a hamburger, soup, pie and a drink. And until the early '60s, no sales tax either.
Over the years the quality of Howard's burgers never changed and their fame spread afar. Baxter recalls that a traveler once stopped at his pharmacy to inquire the whereabouts of "the place with the great hamburgers." When told it was right next door, the man protested: "I just looked in there, that can't be the place." Appearances can be deceiving.
The store closed in 1971 because of Howard's illness and remained so until his death in 1972. Son Dale chose not to continue the family business tradition that he felt had passed its time. The space was sold to the Baxters for expansion of their store. Dale still has his Dad's famous grill, though.
The Felts experience was not easily forgotten by its friends, nor by its detractors for that matter. Parke remembers that a woman came in soon after his store's expansion looking for the new location of toothpaste. He directed her to the north side of the room, space that the Felts store had occupied.
"Young man," she snapped, "please get it for me. I've never gone into a tavern and I'm not going to start now."
That's a bit extreme, to be sure. Today the survivors of that time have a greater understanding of the niche that Felts filled so successfully in our local society. The place is remembered for those qualities as well as for its fantastic hamburgers - hamburgers whose taste I recall just by writing of them.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 30, 1997]

FELTS MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] MEAT SPECIALS - - - - FELTS MARKET. Phone 689-R. Prompt Service. Open All Day Sunday.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 4, 1936]

FELTS POOL ROOM [Rochester, Indiana]
RAIN CAUSED COLLAPSE OF OLD RETAINING WALL
The retaining wall that formerly supported the old Shore building recently torn down preparatory to the erection of a new building on the site caved in as a result of the rain storm Monday afternoon. The damage was not great, but leaves the north side of the Wile building, occupied by the Felts pool room almost without support and it is probable that some steps will be necessary to secure the old building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 10, 1922]

FELTS POOL ROOM BUILDING TIPPING
While an extension of time until spring has been granted the Shore estate and Ike Wile on the order of the state fire marshal's office requiring that the frame buildings owned by them be torn down, indications now are that action will be taken before the time limit has expired.
This became known when the discovery was made that the Wile building occupied by the Felts pool room is gradualy tilting towards the south and threatens the recently erected building owned by Arthur B. Shore. The building on the alley is now considered a menace and there is but slight probability that action will be taken to have it vacated and torn down at once without similar action in regard to the Shore estate property. An early visit to Rochester from a representative of the state fire marshal's office is expected when definite announcements will be made.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 11, 1923]

FELTS & CLARY [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The firm of Felts & Clary has been dissolved and Mr. Felts and Ami Nellans have formed a partnership for handling real estate and town property. They have moved their office from over the Racket Clothing Store to the rooms over Stoners hardware.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 28, 1903]

FELTS & NELLANS [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The firm of Felts & Clary has been dissolved and Mr. Felts and Ami Nellans have formed a partnership for handling real estate and town property. They have moved their office from over the Racket Clothing Store to the rooms over Stoners hardware.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 28, 1903]

FELTUS, CATHERINE JEWEL [Bloomington/Lake Manitou]
[NOTE: Catherine Feltus became the wife of movie star Robert Preston, and she also appeared in pictures under the name of Kate Craig. She spent several summers at Lake Manitou. -- WCT]
__________

MISS FELTUS TO SING AT THE FAIRVIEW GARDENS
Patrons of the Fairview Gardens will be glad to learn that Miss Catherine Feltus, of Bloomington and Indiana University has been engaged to sing at the Fairview Gardens for the remainder of the season.
Kate, as she is known among her friends, has a charming personality and a most pleasing voice. She has sun the leading roles in all of the musical productions at the Indiana university during the last winter and spring seasons and carried her parts in a most efficient manner. Miss Feltus will make her initial appearance at the Gardens Saturday evening.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 7, 1933]

FORMER LAKE VISITOR TAKES SCREEN TEST
* * * * Photo, Miss Catherine Feltus * * * *
Miss Catherine Feltus, Bloomington, who has spent a number of summers at Lake Manitou with her aunt, Mrs. Joel Buchanan, Bloomington, has received a screen test at the Warner Brothers studio in Hollywood, California.
Miss Feltus, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Roy Feltus, of Bloomington, recently was graduated from the Pasadena School of the Theater at Pasadena, California, and was graduated from Indiana University in 1936. During her collegiate career, Miss Feltus was prominent in campus dramatics. She was a member of Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority.
Her father, a former circus owner and showman, is in California with Mrs. Feltus, awaiting the outcome of the cinema tests.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 8, 1937]

CATHERINE FELTUS IS CHOSEN FOR STAGE ROLE
Catherine Feltus, well known to residents of Rochester and Lake Manitou, was chosen this week for her first professional stage role in the new play, "Soliloquy," now in rehearsal in Los Angeles. "Soliloquy" opens Oct. 16 in San Francisco, for a two week's engagement after which it goes to Los Angeles for two weeks.
After the Los Angeles engagement the company will make only one or two stops, one of which probably will be in Indianapolis, while enroute to New York where it will appear in a Broadway theatre.
Born in Bloomington 22 years ago, Miss Feltus is the daughter of Roy Feltus, veteran theatrical manager and circus owner. Her uncle is Paul Feltus, a member of the University Board of Trustees and publisher of the Bloomington Star. She visited her aunt, Mrs. Robert Harris at Lake Manitou for many seasons and at various times appeared as guest soloist with orchestras at Fairview and Colonial.
Starting in high school, Miss Feltus continued theatrical work at the university, where she studied drama under Prof. Lee Norvelle. She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Kappa Gamma [sic], social sorority.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 26, 1938]

CATHERINE FELTUS TO VISIT IN BLOOMINGTON
Bloomington, Ind., July 30. - Catherine Feltus, Bloomington starlet, will come here Wednesday afternoon for a visit with her father, Roy Feltus, local advertising man.
Miss Feltus, under the professional name of Catherine Craig, appears in one of the leading roles in a new Hollywood film entitled "Doomed to Die." Grant Withers and Boris Karloff also are featured.
Miss Feltus was graduated from Indiana University in 1936 with high distinction. She later was graduated from the Pasadena Playhouse.
Hollywood columnists have reported her engaged to Robert Preston, rising young film star.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 30, 1940]

KATE FELTUS HAS ROLE IN "LOUISIANA PURCHASE"
Rochester friends of Mrs. Robert Preston, formerly Kate Feltus, were surprised to find that Kate had a lesser roll in the "Louisiana Purchase" movie which is now being run at the Char-Bell. Kate, whose screen name is Catherine Craig, played the part of a fashionable dress shop owner in this feature.
Mrs. Preston, who spent numerous summer vacations at the Harris home on the East side of Lake Manitou, several years ago, has a host of friends throughout this city.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, March 9, 1942]

CATHERINE FELTUS WILL BE GUEST STAR AT I.U.
Friends in this city have received word that Catherine Feltus, Hollywood actress from Bloomington, Ind., and the wife of actor, Robert Preston, will return to Bloomington for a visit with her aunt, Mrs. Judson Buchanan.
While in Bloomington, Miss Feltus, whose screen name is Kay Craig, will be the guest star in "Arsenic and Old Lace" to be given by Indiana University. Miss Feltus is a graduate of I.U.
Miss Feltus recently appeared in "You Were Never Lovelier" and is just completing work in "Lady in the Dark." She will soon visit her husband, now an Army private at Miami Beach, Florida.
She spent many summers at Lake Manitou with her aunt, Mrs. Buchanan, who has a summer home here, and consequently has many friends in Rochester.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 11, 1943]

JIMMY FIDLER SEES BRIGHT PROSPECTS FOR KATE PRESTON
Friends of Kate Feltus Preston, who knew her when she spent her summers at Lake Manitou, will be interested in the comment made regarding the young lady and her future in the movies by Jimmy Fidler, noted commentator on the lives of the cinema stars. Mrs. Preston, whose home was at Bloomington, spent many summers at Lake Manitou with her aunt, Mrs. Judson Buchanan at their cottage on the East Side. She played the leading parts in college plays when she attended Indiana university and later attended a theatrical school at Pasadena, Calif.
She played minor parts in a number of movies and recently had a prominent scene in the Bing Crosby film "Here Come the Waves." Several years ago she married Robert Preston, a movie star, but with the coming of the war he went into the service. Now Fidler in his most recent column had the following to say about the charming young lady:
"The wheel of fortune plays odd tricks here in Hollywood. Consider the case of Mrs. Robert Preston, known professionally as Catherine Craig. She had given up all thought of a career after marrying Preston and only donned grease paint because her husband went into the Army and it became financially advisable. Before going, Bob besought Paramount to give his wife a bit part now and then to keep her encouraged. Paramount did and Mrs. Preston made good in such a big way that most folks at that studio will bet even money that she'll be a star by the time Capt. Preston comes home."
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, March 30, 1945]

BLOOMINGTON VICTORY SHIP IS CHRISTENED BY KAY CRAIG
When a new Victory ship is added to the United States Merchant Marine today, Bloomington and Rochester will be linked by more than a mere thought. The ship, the S. S. Bloomington, will be christened by Kay Craig, in real life Catherine Feltus Craig, niece of Mrs. Judson Buchanan of this city. Before the ship slides down the ways, however, Miss Craig is to give a speech about Indiana University and the meaning of the ship. The launching ceremony is being held at Wilmington, Calif.
Since Miss Craig is a Paramount star, the activities are being sponsored by Paramount pictures who will also make movies of the occasion to show at the theatres throughout the nation.
Miss Craig has spent many summers here previously, and Mrs. Buchanan stated that she has invited Miss Craig to spend some time here after the christening. Miss Craig, a graduate of Indiana University, is married to Capt. Robert Preston, former movie star, who is serving with the Ninth Air Force.
This ship is the first to be christened with this name. It will slide down the ways this afternoon at Wilmington, California.
Miss Craig has a wide acquainance of friends in Rochester and at the Lake. On numerous occasions, she appeared as a featured soloist with bands playing at the old Fairview Hotel.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 20, 1945]

FELTY, HENRY [Rochester, Indiana]
PURCHASED BARBERSHOP
Del Smith today purchased the Felty Barber Shop, 514 North Main street from the heirs of the late Henry Felty. Mr. Smith who is an experienced barber and who has operated other shops in this city will open the tonsorial parlor to the public Thursday morning, April. 1.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, March 31, 1937]

OPENS BARBER SHOP
Ed Raymer today announced that he had opened the Felty Barber Shop at 514 North Main Street and would continue the shop in operation. Mr. Raymer was employed in local tonsorial parlors for a number of years but for the past 18 months has been working in a barber shop at Knox.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, August 20, 1937]

FENIMORE & SON, S. C. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] NEW RESTAURANT. S. C. Fenimore & Son announce the opening of their New Restaurant, Peru Day, June 17th. Only first class, clean and sanitary appliances have been installed. A trial will convince you. Located one door north of the Blue Drug Store.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 13, 1913]

[Adv] Sunday Menu at Fenie's Cafe - - - - Excellent Service.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 25, 1913]

FENIE'S CAFE SOLD TO NEW MAN
Fenie's Cafe, formerly owned by S. C. Fenimore and Son, has been sold to Stanton Thompson, a former resident of this city and who has been operating a restaurant in Akron, Ind., for several years. Mr. Thompson took possession of the cafe this morning.
Mr. Fenimore and son Lonnie opened Fenie's Cafe June 17th and ever since have had a first class patronage. They have not fully decided as to their future work.
Mr. Thompson has had five years experience in the restaurant business. For three years he was an employe of R. P. True, of this city. Until June of last summer, he conducted a restaurant in Akron. Mr. Thompson has the reputation of being a first class restaurant man and will undoubtedly make a success of his new venture.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 15, 1913]

ROY SHANKS BUYS FENIMORE'S CAFE
A business deal was consummated Thursday evening whereby Roy Shanks became the owner of the Schuyler Fenimore restaurant. Mr. and Mrs. Fenimore and son, Lonnie, who have been operating the restaurant, will leave soon for Ft. Wayne, where they expect to engage in the poultry business. Mr. Shanks, who took possession at once, will start soon to renovate the entire room, placing a new steel ceiling, redecorating the walls, and installing a new floor. Mr. Shanks is well known in this city and will no doubt be successful in his new business venture.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 15, 1916]

FENSTERMAKER, BELLE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Wile Department Store

FENSTERMAKER, LILLIAN [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Wile Department Store

FERGUSON & SON [Rochester, Indiana]
GROCERY SOLD
The grocery on north Main has been sold by Charles Hoover to John Ferguson and son Omer of Peru who will take possession at once. A. W. Smith, who recently purchased the Yoder meat market, will manage the grocery also.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 3, 1916]

MORTGAGE FORECLOSED ON FERGUSON GROCERY
W. H. Church of the Peru Grocery Co., Wednesday afternoon foreclosed a mortgage on the Ferguson grocery on North Main Street, and took possession at once. Mr. Church will operate the grocery using the money received to pay off the debts. He has placed Dan McIntire and John Ferguson in charge. The Progress Wholesale Grocery Co., also holds a judgment against the grocery. O. A. Davis is acting as attorney in the matter.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 23, 1916]

FERNDALE, THE [Lake Manitou]
See Lake Manitou Boats

FERNDALE HOTEL [Lake Manitou]
Located N side of Lake Manitou, future site of Colonial Hotel.
Referred to as Stahl's Ferndale Hotel.
See Hotels

FERNDALE PARK [Lake Manitou]
Previously Columbia Park.
Later site of Colonial Hotel.
__________

[Adv] FREE! FREE! FERNDALE PARK to be Given Away. When? April 14th, 1911. How? To anyone, depositing $100.00 in the Indiana Bank, on or before the 14th day of April, 1911, will get one lot and possibly get FREE Ferndale Park, which is worth $5,000.00. Ferndale Paek is lot No. 1 consisting of nearly 7 acres of land, and the buildings, thereon. There are only 74 lots left, 13 of which are lake-fronts - So don't lose any time.
The lot purchasers will meet at Ferndale Park Hotel, at 2 o'clock p.m. on April 14th, 1911, and proceed to the selection of their lot or several lots, among themselves, by chance or otherwise, and will also determine by chance or otherwise, the ownership of Out Lot No. 1, including the Hotel and buildings. M. ALICE STAHL.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 20, 1911]

DAVID BUYS FERNDALE
A deal was closed Monday afternoon by which O. A. Davis of this city, becomes owner of Ferndale Park and all unsold lots in the park, securing the same from the Stahl interests.
When asked as to his plans for the property, Mr. Davis stated that Alvah Stahl would continue to manage the grounds during the present season, but that next year would witness some changes in the way of development and improvement. Unless a desirable purchaser presents himself, one who would make substantial improvements and put the property in first-class shape, Mr. Davis expects to hold the property himself and erect a commodious hotel, which will be leased to a practical hotel man. The grounds will be beautified and everything possible will be done to make Ferndale one of the most attractive spots around the lake.
Ferndale is the logical place for a big hotel and will doubtless prove a valuable piece of property in the hands of Mr. Davis as he has ample capital to improve the place and make it one of the most inviting resorts in the state.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, July 18, 1911]

FERNDELL STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Have you visited the Ferndell store? Located at Baums old stand, 500 Main Street. We have 25 years experience in buying and discount all goods that we buy. We are able to sell you goods as cheap as any house in the county - - - It is a good time now to buy your supply of sugar and flour. - - - Cook & Hendrickson.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 22, 1914]

BUYS GROCERY
J. T. Burns, formerly a butcher here, has purchased the Ferndell grovery, corner of Main and Fifth streets, of Cook & Hendrickson and has already assumed charge. Mr. Burns has removed from his country home one mile west to W. 5th street. The grocery business will be conducted in a high class manner.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 27, 1914]

FERREE, J. W. [Rochester, Indiana]
NOTICE
I have changed the place of sale of the Watkins goods from Hayward's to Seigfred's bakery, 606 Main street, opposite Zimmerman's furniture store. Thanking you for past favors and hoping for a continuance of the same, I am yours, J. W. FERREE, "The Watkins Man."
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 8, 1911]

FERRY, DR. P. E. [Rochester, Indiana]
Dr. P. E. Ferry and family, of Laketon, is moving into the Zeller's property at the corner of Madison and 11th streets. The doctor will probably open up town soon and commence his practice. All reports say that he is an estimable gentleman and will make a worthy townsman and citizen.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 21, 1907]

FERRY, PERRY L., M.D. [Akron, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Perry L. Ferry, M.D., now of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, was for some years one of the skilled physicians and surgeons of Akron, and from this city enlisted for service in the World War, so that it, and Fulton county, have every reason to claim him as one of the efficient citizens of this region. He was born in Clarion county, Pennsylvania, December 31, 1879, the youngest of four children born to his parents, John L. and Sophia (Lawrence) Ferry, the former of whom was born in Chautauqua county, New york, while the latter was born in Norway, November 17, 1847, and died in September, 1911. Her father was born in Sweden, and her mother was a native of Norway. She was two years old when her parents brought her to the United States, and settled at Brockton, New York. In religious faith she was a Baptist. When war broke out between the North and the South John L. Ferry enlisted in the Union Army, and served first as a member of the Forty-seventh Volunteer Infantry, and later with the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, and was under the command of Gen. U. S. Grant. His period of service extended over four years and ten months, and he was honorably discharged. From its organization until his death, he was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. One of the pioneer oil operators, he was very successful, and became a member of the Standard Oil company. The ferry family is traced back in this country to 1754. One of his immediate ancestors, John H. Ferry, was a soldier in the American Revolution, and his wife, Susanna, was a nurse during the same war. Another of the members of the Ferry family is on record as having fought in the War of 1812. From the first presidential campaign of Abraham Lincoln until his demise in 1918, John L. Ferry gave his support to the Republican party, and he was also a great admirer of James G. Blaine. The four children born to John L. Ferry and his wife were as follows: Zada, who was educated in private schools, and the State Normal School at Fredonia, New York, was a teacher at Batavia, New York until her marriage to Raymond Walker, a wealthy capitalist of Batavia; Martha, who was educated in the same institutions as her sister, has been principal of one of the ward schools of Batavia, New York for some years; John H., who is superintendent of the pipe line company at Lima, is also connected with the Standard Oil company, is a self-made man, who has risen through his own merits, is a republican and a Mason, and married Miss Mary Alice Keagle; and Doctor Ferry, whose name heads this review. The latter attended the local schools through the high school course at Decatur, Indiana, which he completed with the class of 1899. The following year he entered the medical department of Cornell University, and was graduated therefrom in 1904, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He was assistant resident physician of the Lying In Hospital of New York City for six months, and then came to Indiana, and was at Laketon from 1905 to 1907. In the latter year he established himself in a general practice at Akron. In 1917 he took up post-graduate work at the Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital; in 1921 he took a special course in surgery at Saint Anthony's Hospital at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 1918 he offered the government his services, was attached to Base Hospital No. 122, Camp Green, North Carolina, where he remained for five months, as acting detachment commander, and was preparing to sail overseas when the armistice was signed. His honorable discharge followed in December 1918. November 1, 1905 he was married to Elvah H., daughter of Tobias and Susan A. (Mylin) Gurhard, and they have two children: Marjory H., who was graduated from the Akron High School in 1923, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church; and John L., who is a bright lad, attending the grade schools. Mrs. Ferry was born in Wabash county, Indiana, August 3, 1880, -- she and her brother, Chauncey, are the only survivors of the four children born to their parents. He is a resident of Laketon, Indiana, and was formerly a farmer, but is now specializing in raising White Leghorn chickens. To his marriage with Miss Bess Henry, one son and two daughters have been born. Tobias Gurhard was born in Stark county, Ohio. During the war between the states he served in the Union army for three years, and participated in the campaign of General Sherman from Atlanta to the sea, as a member of the One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; he received his honorable discharge at Columbus, Ohio. He was a republican, he and his wife belonged to the United Brethren church, and he lived up to the principles of both party and church. His death occurred September 25, 1920. Mrs. Gurhard was born in Wabash county, Indiana, October 5, 1846, she was educated in its public schools. Her life was spent in devotion to her family and church; she was especially active in the Foreign Missionary Society. Her death occurred May 15, 1923. The education of Mrs. Ferry was begun in the common schools, and continued through the high school, from which she was graduated in 1899. She studied music in a conservatory at Chicago during 1901, and during 1902 taught music in Pleasant township, Wabash county through the medium of the public schools. A lady of unusual attainments, she took a very active part in securing the establishment of a Carnegie library at Akron, and, having prepared herself for the work of librarian in the Indiana State Library School, was appointed librarian of the Akron Carnegie Library, in February, 1921, which office she held until March 1, 1923. Doctor Ferry belongs to the various local medical societies of the American Medical Association. Fraternally he is a Mason, a Kinght of Pythias and belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America. Both he and his wife are Methodists. In December, 1922, he moved to Oklahoma City, Oklahome, to the deep regret of the people of Akron, with whom he stood so deservedly high both professionally and personally.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 188-191, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

FERTILIZER PLANT [Fulton County]
ABE LOCATES FERTILIZER FACTORY ON TIPPECANOE
Two and five-sixteenths acres have been sold to Abe Berebitsky on the William Struckman farm, two miles northwest of town, where the creek flows into the Tippecanoe river. He will soon put up a large fertilizer factory there.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 12, 1913]

FIBERWEB CO. [Kewanna, Indiana]
ANOTHER KEWANNA PLANT NEAR RECEIVER'S HANDS
Kewanna is certainly having tough luck with infant industries. Some time ago the Majestic Motor Car Co., went to the wall, taking with it a number of Kewanna dollars, a creamery went under and Thursday Luther W. Bundy, a stockholder, asked for a receiver for the Fiberweb Co., a concern organized several years ago to manufacture wall board at Kewanna. Mr. Bundy says that the concern is deeply in debt and that the sheriff is going to sell the machinery and stock to satisfy an amount, if action is not taken at once to appoint a receiver who understands the business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, Aprl 12, 1917]

AND STILL ANOTHER KEWANNA RECEIVER
Another Kewanna industry was placed in the hands of a receiver Monday morning when Judge S. N. STEVENS appointed E. B. DeVAULT, receiver for the Kewanna Electric Light Co. The action followed a petition filed by Lyle M. Barnes, who organized the present company and who holds a mortgage on the property.
Charles J. SPARKS has been appointed receiver for the Fibreweb Co. of Kewanna.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 16, 1917]

FIESER, EDWARD [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Dawson, George V.
__________

ED FIESER SELLS DRUG STORE
A transaction was closed yesterday afternoon in which Edward Fieser sold his drug store on the corner of Main and Seventh street to S. W. Newby of Peru.
Mr. Fieser has been in ill health for quite a while and had been wanting to sell out and go into a business where he could be out of doors a great deal of the time. So he will go into the carriage business with his father, John Fieser, and they will conduct their shop in the room one door north of the drug store. Mr. Newby, the new proprietor, is a genteel man, and experienced in the drug business having had twenty years practical work. He comes from Peru and will move his family here soon. Mr. Newby will continue to treat patrons in the courteous manner that they have always received at the Red Cross drug store and will be pleased to meet new acquaintances.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 30, 1907]
FIESER, EDWARD, MRS. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Arlington

FIESER, JOHN B. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] J. B. Fieser has the leading CARRIAGE SHOP in Fulton County. - - - I make better work than my competitors, and sell more of it, which enables me to sell cheaper than any shop in Fulton County. I also, besides by own work, handle the Best Grades of CINCINNATI BUGGIES, at wholesale prices. - - - J. B. FIESER.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 28, 1881]

J. B. FIESER
Wagon & Carriage Works
Mr. [John B.] FIESER has been connected with the manufacturing interests of Rochester for the past fourteen years, and is well and favorably known to the people of Fulton and adjoining counties.
He manufactures buggies, phaetons, carriages, spring wagons &c. In his productions he has kept fully up with the times in all advancements made in the business, and his vehicles embrace all the latest and most desirable styles and patterns, and are finished in the highest style of the art. Mr. Fieser has in the course of completion one hundred buggies &c., which he will seel at the lowest possible living prices.
Besides vehicles of his own make he always keeps a large stock of Cincinnati, Michigan, and other makes on hand. He also carries a large line of harness, robes, whips, in fact everything belonging to horse gear, and sells all goods as low as the lowest.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 29, 1888]

[Adv] 100 Buggies, Carts, Carriages! I am building 100 buggies, the stock for all of which is now in my shop. I also pledge my honor as a business man that these new vehicles will be A No. 1, of the best material made by experienced workmen, finished in the latest designs, and warranted in every respect. FACTORY BUGGIES and ROAD CARTS always kept in stock in fifty different styles and prices. I also keep Harness, Robes and Whips at very low prices. - - - J. B. FIESER, Rear of New Fieser Block, Rochester, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 5, 1890]

JOHN B. FIESER (Biography)
One of the substantial, self made citizens of Rochester is John B. FIESER, the carriage manufacturer and dealer. He is a Canadian by birth, his father having been sheriff in Canada fifty years ago. When a small boy Mr. Fieser's parents moved to Tennessee and at the age of 14 he drove an ox team to Fulton county. Six years afterward he commenced an apprenticeship at blacksmithing and pushed right to the front. He soon afterward ventured in business for shimself and scored a splendid success. In addition to having the most extensive carriage and buggy trade in the county, he owns one of the best homes in the city, the Fieser block, shown elsewhere, and other valuable real estate. He attributes his success in life to fair dealing with all customers and a straight forward course in all his business affairs. Mr. Fieser has a family consisting of a wife and three children, Mrs. Fieser being the daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Martin REED.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

LOCAL NEWS
Workmen were engaged today cutting down the old maple trees in front of the property recently owned by Mrs. Sarah Mann, just north of the Fieser block. Mr. Fieser has purchased that property and is preparing to erect a new two story brick buklding.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 1, 1901]

NEWS OF THE DAY
John Fieser will move his stock of buggies back into the room occupied by the Theatorium.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 15, 1907]

FIESER, MABEL [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Arlington

FIESER & HILL [Rochester, Indiana]
Located N side of W 7th past the alley. [The address would be 117 W 7th]
The firm was composed of John B. Fieser and John G. Hill. Matthias Hill was the father of John F. Hill, who was the father of Clarence Hill, a Mayor of Rochester.
They manufactured buggies.

FIESER DRUG STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWBY DRUG STORE HAS CHANGED HANDS
Charles Cribben of North Manchester has purchased of Marion Carter the drug store at the [NW] corner of Main and Seventh, formerly owned by S. M. Newby, and will take possession soon.
The deal was settled Tuesday afternoon, Mr. Newby trading his store here to Marion Carter for a five and ten cent store at Manchester. Carter then sold the local concern to Cribben. Mr. Newby has been a resident of Rochester for eight years, coming here from Bunker Hill and buying the drug store of Edward Fieser. He will move with his family to North Manchester in several weeks.
Mr. Carter moved to Manchester several months ago after trading one of his properties on Pontiac street for a five and ten cent store. As was announced recently, Mr. Carter with Arthur Freese will start a gas plant at Manchester, having secured a 50 year franchise. Mr. Cribben has had 13 years experience in the drug business. He is a married man with two children. Leo Clemans will remain here with the new owner.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 2, 1916]

FIGHTING BOYS IN BLUE [Fulton County]
Attention, Battalion! . . . Companies A, B and C., Fulton Fighting Boys in Blue, will assemble at the Court House in Rochester, Saturday Evening, Sept. 19th. . for the purpose of attending the meeting of the Grant and Colfax Club. . . W. H. Willard.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, September 17, 1868]

FINLEY, DANIEL [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] - - - Having purchased the large stock of Groceries just opened by Vantrump & Co., and made many additions thereto - - - GROCERIES - - - Country Produce- - - Second door north of the Bank.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 17, 1877]

BIOGRAPHY
Daniel Finley, farmer, P.O. Rochester, born in Wayne County, Ohio, April 1, 1817, is the son of Archibald and Margaret (Williams) Finley, who were natives of Pennsylvania. The subject of our sketch was educated in the schools of Ohio. He became a resident of Miami County, Ind., in 1855, and of Fulton County in 1856, settling near Akron, where he was engaged in farming for two years; thence to Richland Township for eight years; at the expiration of that time he sold his farm and engaged in the grocery business at Rochester, where he continued in the business until 1873, when he removed to Bloomingsburg, where he was engaged in the general merchandise business for eight months; thence back to Rochester, where he remained for two years; at the expiration of that time he moved to Silver Cliff, Colo., where he was for a short time engaged in keeping boarding house. He settled on his farm of forty acres in Section 30, where he now resides, in 1880. He is extensively engaged in the culture of small fruits, vegetables and apples. His apple orchard consists of 1,500 trees and comprises the finest varieties of fruit known. Mr. Finley was married July 1, 1841, to Rebecca Basehor, who was born in Perry County, Ohio, December 29, 1822. She is the daughter of Henry and Sarah (Klinger) Basehor, who were natives of Pennsylvania. This union has been blessed with seven children, viz.: Sarah E., born June 8, 1842; Nathan, born February 29, 1844; Marion, born June 9, 1847; Emmareta, born August 19, 1850; Minerva J., born June 5, 1853; Lora B., born April 15, 1856; and Alfred, born August 5, 1860.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 29]

FINNEREN MOTOR COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
Located E side of street between 515 and 529 Main.
Ford automobile dealer.
Later the site of Louderback Garage.
__________

FORD AGENCY HERE HAS CHANGED HANDS
A business deal was consummated here Saturday whereby R. H. Finneren of Detroit, becomes the owner of the B. and H. Auto Sales Co., of this city, and the partners of the Rochester firm, B. W. Breece and I. L. Hartman, purchase the J. F. Horner Auto Co., of Monon, Winamac, Reynolds, Monticello and Wolcott.
Mr. Finneren, who has been for 10 years with the Ford Motor Co., which was instrumental in bringing the negotiations to a close, arrived in the city Monday to take up his permanent residence here. He will take possession of the local Ford agency, which covers all of Fulton and parts of Kosciusko and Miami counties, as rapidly as invoice can be made.
Breece and Hartman will remove from Rochester to Monon at an early date. The business they are purchasing is also a Ford agency and covers a wide range of territory in White, Pulasi and Carroll counties. The partners of the B. and H. Auto Sales Co. came here from Peoria, Ill., where Mr. Hartman was connected with the Ford people, just two ago. [sic]
The Indiana Auto Sales Co., which handles a line of auto accessories and the Nash car agency, also owned by Breece and Hartman, will be disposed of at an early date.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 25, 1919]

[Adv] ONE QUESS! No sand too deep - No hill too steep. They go wherever you see them - You see them wherever you go. Sold by Finnerin Motor Sales Company, Rochester, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 27, 1922]

FINNEREN WILL TRAIN WITH TIGERS IN SOUTH
Harry Heilman, of Detroit, champion batter of the American League last season, who spent the week end here with R. H. Finneren, left Monday morning for the Tiger training camp at Augusta, Georgia. Heilman was accompanied by Finneren, who was requested by President Navin and Manager Ty Cobb of the Tigers, to spend a week at the camp at the club's expense. Before leaving, Finneren stated that while he expected to don a uniform and train with the ball players, he had no aspirations along this line and will return to Rochester within a week to continue the management of his Ford agency.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 6, 1922]

FINN'S GOING GOOD
A communication from Ralph Finneren, of this city, who is spending the week at the Tiger's training camp at Augusta, Ga., having accompanied Harry Heilmann, of Detroit, to the camp, states that he is wearing a uniform and training four hours in the hot sun every day, but that in spite of this he has just heard that Ty Cobb is going to send him back to Rochester for more experience.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 10, 1922]

BUSINESS REVIEW OF ROCHESTER MERCHANTS
In the return to normalcy there is no one institution in the county that contributed more as an important factor than this well known automobile house. Placing the prices of their cars at below the lowest prices ever recorded on these products they are meeting with the approval of the public and have a patronage that is ever increasing.
Demonstrated leadership not only on the highways but in the business and automobile world was proven when this company and its sales agents throughout the country reduced prices. Then there came other reductions and now with the final price making they have set a pace for other auto companies to follow. They are now down to bed rock in prices and it is again the old story of the Ford. You must get your order in so as to get your car at the right time. The people are responding to the call and orders are being booked all the time, so it is incumbent upon all prospective purchasers to get on the list without delay.
The new figures effective now list the touring car at $348, roadster at $310, coupe $580, sedan $645, truck $430 and chassis $285.
The Ford touring car is now offered at $345 F.O.B. This is a record price and one that places the wonderful Ford with its inimitable quality, its unequaled efficiency and its unsurpassed "get-there" ability within the reach of all.
The Ford products including the touring car, the closed car, the roadster, the commercial car and the famous Fordson tractor have proven their worth by years of continuous use. The public does not continue to purchase year after year products that are not value received. These products have answered the test of time and their great popularity has placed them far in the van of progress. What would our country be without these products? Take them out of service tonight and it would be a great calamity to the community. Take the tractor off the farms and food production would decrease to an appreciable extent.
In the way of parts you will find that this auto sales has every part for all the cars trucks and tractors and thus are able to render complete service. These are genuine Ford parts from the manufacturer and not the cheap and worthless imitations that cause trouble by not being accurate and then give the purchaser no end of trouble.
When it comes to the Ford service and machine shop at this establishment they have followed the advice of the factory and have installed every piece of machinery necessary for the complete rebuilding of the Ford commercial car and tractor, and in their employ are mechanics and auto engineers who understand every detail of the construction and mechanics of the Ford line. They will not only give you painstaking and accurate service, but are prepared to give you quick and rapid service which is so essential in this age of rapid transit.
In making this review of the return to normalcy there is no one institution that is more worthy of extended mention and we desire to call the attention of our readers to the reduction in prices to rock bottom, the excellent service and the necessity of placing the order.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 17, 1922]

FORD AGENCY'S SALES HIGHER THAN ORDINARY
The Finneren Motor Sales Company unloaded another carload of Fords Monday, making the 37th carload for this agency since the first of the year. This establishes a record for the local agency, total number of new car sales, including "drive aways" from Indianapolis and even Detroit, 251. The agency is known as a 300 car agency and already the 300 car allotment has almost been filled with several months yet to go before the end of the year.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, September 12, 1922]

[Adv] MOVING1 - - - Our growing business has made necessary larger quarters. On and after November 15th, this agency, including parts, repair and sales departments will be located in what is known as the Progress Building, [SE corner] Main and Fifth Streets. FINNEREN MOTOR SALES CO., Ford - Fordson - Lincoln. "We grow thru service"
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 15, 1922]

FINNEREN TO HAVE A WEEKLY PICTURE SHOW
Ralph Finneren, local Ford dealer, has purchased a DeVruy motion picture outfit with which he proposes to stage free motion picture shows at the Ford agency here every Saturday evening. The pictures will be educational largely, showing work done by the Fordson tractor and how manufacturing is carried on in the Ford plant at Detroit, but he will also include in his program new reels and other films of general interest. Finneren has not yet announced when he will start to stage his weekly productions.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 17, 1923]

PURCHASES RESTAURANT
Willis (Doc) Cook, who has resigned his position as salesman for the Finneren Motor Sales Company of this city, has purchased the Madeford Restaurant of Frank Medeford of Akron.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 16, 1923]

FINNEREN MOTOR SALES GOES TO CHAS. BABCOCK
The Finneren Motor Sales Company is no more and in its place comes the Charles O. Babcock Motor Sales Co., according to announcement Monday morning of the fact that Ralph Finneren has sold the local Ford, Fordson tractor and Lincoln sales agency to Babcock, a former employe. The change of ownership becomes effective Monday morning.
Finneren, whose former home was in Detroit, where he was employed by the Ford Motor Company, came here four years ago and took over the local Ford agency from Hartman and Bresce, who moved to Monon and Monticello. Babcock, then an employe of the B. and H. firm became associated with Finneren and now has purchased the local business.
Finneren will remain in this city until fall when he will move to California where he plans to purchase a larger Ford agency than the one in Rochester. Just where in California he will make the purchase he has not yet decided as there are several openings from which he can choose.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 2, 1923]

RALPH FINNEREN NOW TRAINING WITH DETROIT
A picture of Ralph Finneren, of Detroit, former Fulton county agent for Ford automobiles, appeared in the Detroit Times of March 19. In the picture Finneren is dubbed the "auxiliary catcher" of the Detroit Tigers baseball team. Finneren for a number of years has gone south with the Tigers and has worked out with them during the team's spring training period. Finneren in the picture was dressed in a baseball uniform and was wearing a complet catcher's outfit. The Tigers this year are in training at Tampa, Fla. The picture taken of Finneren is now on display in the News-Sentinel window.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 20, 1930]

I purchased my first automobile in June 1923. It was shipped to Rochester in a box car with others and was assembled by Estel Bemenderfer at Finneren Ford Sales at 529 Main Street. It was a Ford touring car with self-starter, demountable rims and one-man top. As I recall, it cost in the neighborhood of $400. I soon "dressed it up" with cut-out on the muffler, a foot accelerator, a hand-operated windshield wiper, a water pump, a spot light and a spare tire. It was a dry-weather car; you never dared let it set idle in the rain because if you did the coil under the dash would absorb moisture and then it would not start.
[Van Duyne - Shelton Families, Fred Van Duyne, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FIRE DEPARTMENT - PROTECTION HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Fire Department
__________

Firemen's Dance. The First Annual Ball of the P.H. and L. Company, will take place at Wallace's Hall on Thursday Eve, July 4th, 1861 . . Music by the Orpheonists.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 29, 1861]

There will be a special meeting of Protection Hook and Ladder Company at the Court House on this (Thursday) evening. . . By order of the Foreman. Theo. P. Reid, Sec'y.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, July 11, 1861]

P.H. & L. Co. No. 1. The next regular monthly meeting of the Company will be held at the Auditor's Office, on Tuesday next, February 4th, at 6-1/2 o'clock p.m. T. P. Reid, Secretary.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, January 30, 1862]

Fireman's Hall. We notice that Mr. Jonas Myers, the enterprising contractor, is at work on the new Hall for the use of our Hook and Ladder Company. It is to be on the corner of the alley west of the M.E. Church.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, March 13, 1862]

Notice. P.H. & L. Co., No. 1. The next regular monthly meeting of the fire Company will be held on Tuesday evening, Apr. 1st, at the Auditor's Office. Let every member turn out at the ringing of the bell. T. P. Reid, Secy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1862]

Firemen's Hall. This new building is so nearly completed as to have received the apparatus of the company. We learn that a bell has been ordered and will be mounted in a few days.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, April 24, 1862]

The new bell for our Firemen's Hall has arrived, and will be mounted in time for the grand parade and review of next Tuesday.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, May 1, 1862]

Hook and Ladder Company. At the annual meeting of the Company, held on Tuesday evening last, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Foreman, A. J. Holmes. Assistant Foreman, J. J. Davis. Secretary, T. P. Reid. Treasurer, D. W. Lyon . . . Resolved, that this Copany tender their thanks to the Trustees of the Corporation of Rochester, for the plastering of the company's room, and furnishing the same with a suitable stove.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, December 4, 1862]

Members of Protection Hook & Ladder Co., to meet at their Hall in full uniform, Thursday, April 30, for parade and other business. T. P. Reid, Secy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 25, 1863]

Thanks by Rochester Protection Hook & Ladder Co., at meeting May 5, to young ladies of Rochester, and to the Rochester Brass Band for their assistance at the Festival, April 30. A. J. Holmes, Foreman. Theo. P. Reid, Secy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 9, 1863]

FIRE DEPARTMENT - FIRE STATION [Rochester, Indiana]
Also called Engine House.
Located N side of 7th Street, Lot 16 Original Plat.

FIRE DEPARTMENT - FIREMEN'S HALL [Rochester, Indiana]
See Protection Hook & Ladder Company

FIRE DEPARTMENT - FIRES [Rochester, Indiana]
Arlington Hotel
Berghoff Cafe and New York Candy Kitchen
Boston Store, 1936.
Cole Bros. Circus, February 20, 1940.
Colonial Hotel, October 25, 1938.
Fairview Hotel, January 22, 1939.
[See: Tiosa, Indiana.]__________

BURNED LIKE KINDLING
The first fire alarm for months clanged out Tuesday evening, about nine o'clock and about the same time a cloud of flame and smoke leaped up from the rear of the row of frame business rooms north of the Arlington.
In a short time the streets were lined with people, all anxious to do something, and in a very few moments the stocks of goods were about all removed to safe places. The fire had gained such headway, and the structures were so dry that there was no hope of saving them, so the attention of the firemen and citzens was turned to saving the Arlington, the Fieser building, Priest's livery and other adjacent buildings. The heat was so intense that nearly all the glass on the north side of the Arlington were cracked and the galvanized cornice ornaments melted off.
The general supposition is that the fire was started either by the rats gnawing matches or spontaneous combustion. The first discovery of the fire was made by Dell Ward, who saw the flames creeping up near a rear window in the room occupied by Marion Carter as a feed store.
The building on the corner was owned and used by C. A. Mitchell as a harness shop and carriage repository. The front room was also used for the Western Union telegraph office and the U. S. Express office, while the second story was used by Willis Hill as a residence.
The first building on the north was a one-story structure, occupied by Marion Carter with a feed and second-hand furniture store. The building belonged to A. C. Copeland. The third building was a small, one-story structure, owned by Mrs. C. A. Mitchell and occupied by Milo Bright as an implement sales room. The fourth building, also a one-story structure, owned by Jonathan Dawson was occupied by William Mogle and family as a bakery, restaurant and eating house.
Mr. Mitchell's building was insured for $500 and $300 in stock. Mrs. Mitchell's building was insured $300, making $1,100 in all. Marion Carter also had an insurance on his stock of $200.
This fire has again justified the expenditure caused by putting in a system of water works, which, had they been completed, would have put the fire out with a loss not to exceed a hundred dollars, and no damage to adjoining property.
It is probable that the sight will be adorned with a fine new brick block in the near future, as the location is one of the best in the city and too valuable to remain vacant.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 15, 1894]

$75,000 FIRE LOSS IN BUSINESS DISTRICT
Quarter Section of Block is Destroyed
Fire which started in the A. L. Carter book store, on the west side of the Public Square at 9 o'clock Wednesday night, destroyed three buildings and damaged several others before firemen from surrounding vicinities could assist the Rochester fire department in getting the blaze under control. The damage is estimated at from $70,000 to $100,000, practically all of which is covered by insurance.
Two persons, one a fireman, were injured in fighting the blaze. They were Floyd Thomas, 21, Rochester, who sustained a broken nose and lost three teeth when knocked down, and Arthur Keller, Plymouth fireman, who suffered a sprained ankle when he stepped on a hose in crawling over debris. Both men were given medical attention. Keller is a sergeat of the Indiana State Police, and is also a member of the Plymouth fire department.
Starts in Book Store Building
The fire was discovered in the Carter book store by Jack Adams, who turned in the alarm. The fire started between the ceiling of the book store and the floor of the story above. While it has not been determined exactly what caused the fire, it is thought a shorted wire was the origin of the blaze.
The fire soon spread to the Boston Store, owned by the Boston Store of Peru, Ind., Incorporated. This store is to the north of the Carter book store. A double fire wall, which separated the Carter store from the Arthur Miller Grocery, probably saved that building from burning.
The buildings afire endangered the quarter block south from Eighth Street on Main. In the same quarter block are the Dawson & Coplen drug store, Security Loan Company, John Hoover restaurant, Miller Grocery and the Levi Dry Goods store. Cleon Kindig operated a radio shop in the Carter store.
Ground Floor
These stores are all on the ground floor, while above them are the Rochester Telephone Company offices, Dr. Harold Iler, dental parlor and apartment, Mrs. Della Pontius, beauty parlor and apartment, George Buchanan law and abstract office, Mrs. Nellie Bryant, Mr. and Mrs. Russell Snyder and Mrs. Minta Holman apartments. The Levi and Boston stores had goods stored in rooms above their places of business.
It was quickly apparent that the Rochester fire department would have to have aid in fighting the blaze because of its size. Calls were made to other cities and equipment from Peru, Logansport, Plymouth, Mentone, Argos and Akron, came here as did a detail of firemen from Warsaw. Six lines of hose were used and after a stubborn fight of over an hour, the flames were placed under control.
Worst in History
The fire was one of the worst in the history of Rochester. The buildings which were gutted by flames have been standing for a number of years. The building housing the Carter store is owned by A. L. Deniston, and the Boston store by Mrs. Charles Plank and Attorney Charles Campbell. The south room of the Boston store is owned by Mrs. Plank. It suffered much more damage than did the north part, which is owned by Mr. Campbell.
While it is impossible to state the loss of each of the stores, it is estimated that the damage to the Carter store will be $5,000, Boston Store, $20,000, Levi store, $2,500, due to smoke, Miss Nellie Bryant, $750; George Buchanan, $500, and Cleon Kindig, $600. The fire loss at the three buildings will be at least $20,000. Smoke loss will be suffered at other stores and apartments in the quarter block. Miss Nellie Bryant lost all of her personal effects and household goods.
Many Watched Fire
Many of the residents of Rochester came down town to watch the fire. They congregated in the courthouse yard, across the street from the burning structures. Many of the onlookers assisted in every way possible by helping to attach and straighten the fire hose and by carrying buckets of water. Luckily the wind was blowing from the northwest and carried the sparks toward the large open space around the courthouse. At times the fire mounted high while at other times huge clouds of smoke engulfed the buildings and public square.
Many of the firemen who made the trip to this city suffered frozen hands and faces while riding on top of their unprotected equipment. Other firemen suffered from the stinging cold. Firemen were hampered in their efforts to fight the blaze by below zero weather which prevailed last night. The damaged business houses are covered with ice which formed almost as soon as the water was played onto the blaze.
Records Are Saved
It was at first feared that many valuable records had been burned. Mr. Carter is the Rochester township trustee and the secretary of the Rochester Odd Fellows Lodge. An examination today showed that the lodge records, which also included the 3,800 grave registry of the Odd Fellows cemetery, were not damaged. Some of Mr. Carter's township records, especially those for the past 20 days were destroyed.
A number of law briefs in the office of Attorney Buchanan were burned. Luckily a valuable set of abstract books which had been compiled by the late Peter Buchanan, were not hurt by the fire. They had been placed in the safe at the Buchanan office.
Firemen Are On Duty
A detail of Rochester firemen, under the supervision of Fire Chief Arthur Smith, are still on duty at the stores. They are guarding against any possible outbreak of the fire which was still smoldering today. Police are also on duty to stop the stealing of goods from the damaged places of business.
Adjusters from insurance companies which held policies on the stores which wre damaged by the fire last night, were in Rochester tody. It will be several days before they are able to determine the exact amounts of losses incurred by the persons whose buildings and places of business were damaged by the fire.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 6, 1936]

FIRST AND LAST CHANCE [Rochester, Indiana]
Also known as the "Red Onion" and Alexander Saloon
See Churches - Open Door Mission.

FIRST FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK [Rochester, Indiana]
Located SE corner 9th & Monroe. Located on the site of a junk yard which was burned by an arsonist. Later Ewing Grocery was housed in a building at this site. In 1949 it was the site of Smith & Bowers Grocery. [301 E 9th] First Federal Savings Bank was previously named First Federal Savings & Loan, and was located at the same address.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK [Kewanna, Indiana]
NATIONAL BANK AT KEWANNA
The Kewanna Exchange Bank is to be succeeded by a national bank, the officers having been elected, the cash paid in and the only thing now necessary is the charter and final authority from the Comptroller of Currency of the government, which is expected daily.
The stockholders met Wednesday and elected D. W. Sibert, President; Joseph Slick, Vice President; W. H. Gohl, Cashier. The following Board of Directors was also elected: D. W. Sibert, Jos. Slick, W. V. Clifford, M. Hiland and E. J. Buchanan. The capital stock is $25,000 paid in cash, with 10 percent surplus funds, making $27,500.
[Rochester Seneinel, Saturday, April 14, 1906]
KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
The Kewanna Exchange Bank will be succeeded by the First National Bank, of Kewanna, beginning next Monday morning.
Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 18, 1906]

The Board of Directors of the First National Bank of Kewanna, at their last meeting, decided to declare a dividend to the share holders and to increase the surplus fund $2,500, thereby raising the capital stock and surplus to $30,000.
[Rochester Sentinal, Saturday, January 11, 1908]

FIRST NATIONAL BANK [Mentone, Indiana]
MENTONE BANK TO CLOSE
It is understood that the First National Bank of Mentone is now in or soon will be in process of liquidation, the business and assets of the concern to be taken over by the Farmers bank of Mentone, over which E. M. Eddinger is the presiding genius. The National bank, it is reported, is in good shape for liquidation. Carlin Myers is president of the institution, and John McCullough, cashier.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 28, 1911]

FIRST NATIONAL BANK [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester, Indiana [Historical Review]
__________

FIRST NATIONAL BANK
A special from Washington says, "The Comptroler of Currency has approved the application to organize the First National Bank of Rochester, Ind., capital stock $50,000. The organizers are Omar Smith, Arthur Copeland, Andrew Dillon, William Deniston, Jonathan Dawson and H. D. Copeland."
In addition to the stockholders named in the charter Jerry and Frank Drudge and possibly one or two other local capitalists will hold stock. The majority of the stock is held in Fulton county, a minor part being held by the near and wealthy relatives of the late A. C. Copeland. And while it is not yet definitely settled, it is safe to say that Mr. Omar B. Smith will be cashier and a leading stockholder and that Mr. Arthur P. Copeland will be given an important office in the organization.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 3, 1905]

FIRST NATIONAL BUYS NEW HOME
A contract for sale was signed this afternoon (Friday) whereby the First National bank will come into possession March 10, 1914, of that part of the Maxonic block occupied by the Allman clothing store and the rooms in the story above at the [NW] corner of Main and Eighth streets. The consideration paid is said to have been $9,000 and it is the plan of the bank to make a new home in the building. Frank Terry, administrator, acted for the estate.
The two lower stories are the property of the David W. Lyon estate, the building having been erected by Lyon and S. K. Kendrick in 1869-70, and later passing into the hands of the Lyons at the death of Mr. Kendrick. The Masons built the third story, which they still own. The brick work on the structure was done by A. T. and William Bitters and the building was the first three story brick in the city.
Bank officials stated that they had no idea when they would move, but that the new home will have a new front, be entirely refitted and made one of the most modern bank homes in northern Indiana. Need for more room was the reason given for the move. Sol Allman's lease has expired at this time. The building now occupied by the bank, is owned by it and its disposition is still a matter of doubt.
Sol Allman, who has for years occupied the corner, will move his store one door north to the room occupied by A. H. Skinner's book store. Before Mr. Allman moves, the building will be improved and a new front will be constructed. Mr. Skinner has not secured another location, but expects to remain in the block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 9, 1914]

PLANS ACCEPTED FOR BANK HOME
According to the plans just accepted by the officers of the First National Bank, their new home on the northwest corner of Eighth and Main streets will be one of the finest of its kind in the state. Accommodation of the patrons and the public in general was the main idea embodied in the plans by the architect. Some of the new and modern features will be a private wicket for women to transact business, a private loan department where all loans will be made, a ladies' waiting room and lavatory, a room for public meetings, private office for the officers of the bank, and a directors' room. The building will be 116 feet long.
The home will be finished in marble and mahogany. The entrance will be the south corner with a nine front lobby extending back for 30 feet, the various rooms and offices to the north. Windows will be placed in the south wall to provide the best of light.
The money vault will be placed in the rear of the tellers' cages ad will be constructed of concrete and steel. It will be divided into two sections, one for the bank's money and the other for safe deposit boxes for the patrons. A private room will be provided for the patrons where they will be able to look over their valuables.
The new home will not be completed until the first of October or November. The building is now occupied by Sol Allman who will move soon to the room north. The room at the rear of the clothing store now occupied by the tailor shop will be torn down and a structure 36 feet long will be added.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 27, 1914]
BIG BANKING INSTITUTION IS ESTABLISHED
As the test of time has proven one of the safest banking institutions in the state is located in the city of Rochester. It is the First National bank. Whether or not the public appreciates this fact can be determined by the reader from the report on another page of this issue. Look for it, as it is interesting in detail.
In a recent conversation with the president, Mr. A. P. Copeland, and cashier, Omar B. Smith, in regard to the growth and policies of this institution, the following conversation in part is reproduced:
"The large business we have built up has been the result of satisfied customers."
When asked about further details the answer was:
"The public knows that our methods are, and always have been, conservative, and perfectly safe.
"We have realized that the customer's success meant our success, and have always taken a personal intrest in his transactions. We believe that no institution has had as much to do with the development and prosperity of Rochester and Fulton county as the First National Bank, for we always loan our money at home, to farmers, merchants and others in times of - - - not readable - - -, the success of each helping the community at large.
"Our faith in our own home people has been justified by the result that within the past ten years, not one dollar of bad debts has been contracted or has had to be charged off."
When asked about the new room to be occupied this fall, we were informed that it was planned for the convenience of the Bank's customers, and for the confidential transactions of their business in very way possible. We were also informed that the Bank had employed one of the most experienced firms in the country to complete the work in every detail, relieving the Bank of any liability or trouble. During the past ten years the bank has grown from resources of $290,000.00 to over $800,000.00.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 17, 1914] [sic]

TO OCCUPY NEW HOME ON MONDAY
The First National Bank will move into its handsome new quarters at the [NW] corner of Eighth and Main streets Monday, November 23rd. Because of lack of time, the officers will be unable to dedicate their new home by holding a formal reception, but all citizens of the county are urged to call.
The new First National has probably as pretentious a suite of offices as could be found in any city in this section of the state. Nothing has been overlooked, every little detail having been worked out with the sole purpose of making business transactions private, convenient and speedy.
A customer coming into the new bank will not have to wait, even on the very busy days. Four paying and receiving windows have been built. In the past, customers only had access to two windows. For the convenience of the patrons also a new system of bookkeeping has been installed which will permit any employe of the bank to transmit all business left by a patron.
Every bookkeeper and paying teller will have a window opening on the main lobby. Windows have been secured for the benefit of patrons who wish to negotiate a note and a separate window and check desk have been built for the ladies. A cage has been constructed for the making of loans. It is entirely private. There are also two private coupon or writing booths.
A rest room has been fitted in the rear of the bank fully equipped for the women and is easily accessible. Business men who desire to hold a meeting can be accomodated with two large rooms in the rear, which will also be used by the directors.
An inter-communicating telephone system has been installed which will permit one officer to talk to another without moving out of his booth. The system is connected up with the city lines.
Two huge vaults have been constructed in the bank. The upper one on the main floor is divided into two departments, one for the bank's use and the other for the safety deposit boxes. The lower vault in the basement is fixed to hold bank records and such. The bank is entirely finished in the interior but the front will be changed in the spring when the wooden part and brick work will be covered with stucco. The finishing of the interior is in mahogany and the lighting system is indirect. A constantly flowing drinking fountain in the lobby, and private telephone booths are two other conveniences that have not been overlooked.
The active officers and employes of the bank are A. P. Copeland, president; Omar B. Smith, cashier; Michael Sheridan, ass't cashier; Frank R. McCarter, teller; Omar D. Hagan and Jerome Swihart, bookkeepers; Ezra Jones, remittance clerk; and Miss Ruth Pontious, stenographer. Clyde Wise will be caretaker.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 18, 1914]

OMAR B. SMITH NEW BANK HEAD
At a meeting of the directors of the First National bank Saturday evening, A. P. Copeland, who has been president of the bank, tendered his resignation as president, giving as his reason that his health was such that he desired to be relieved from the responsibilities of his office.
Mr. Copeland has been in ill health for the past six months and has not been working in the bank during that time, and felt that he would improve more rapidly by being entirely free from any responsibilities for a while.
The position was filled by electing Omar B. Smith, who has been cashier for a great many years, as president, to succeed Mr. Copeland. Michael Sheridan was elected cashier in Mr. Smith's place. Both Mr. Smith and Mr. Sheridan have had more than 25 years experience in the bank which has been practically under their management for a great many years, so the business will be continued along the same conservative lines as always characterized it.
Frank R. McCarter and Percy Smith were elected assistant cashiers with W. H. Deniston and A. J. Dillon vice-presidents.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 28, 1916]

PERCY SMITH IS ELECTED PRESIDENT 1ST NATIONAL
The First National Bank of Rochester held its annual meeting for the election of directors and officers as is required under the law for all national banks in the United States. Two important changes were made in the directorship of the organization.
Omar B. Smith, who has been in the banking business for 42 years and has long been president of the institution, was advanced to the position of chairman of the board of directors. Percy Smith, who has been in the bank since 1916, and was a vice president, was elected president. Frank R. McCarter was elected vice-president, Michael Sheridan was elected cashier, Miss Belva Miller, assistant cashier, and Charles M. Sheridan assistant cashier.
No Working Change
The advancement of Mr. Smith and his son in their positions will make practically no change in the bank from a working standpoint as the offices of chairman of the board carries with it general supervision of the bank while Percy Smith as president will continue the same work he had been attending to in recent years. This includes the handling of all reports between the government and the bank, the handling of bonds and securites, and seeing that all detail work of the bank is kept up.
Percy Smith is well equipped for his work as president as he has virtually grown up in the institution and knows all phases of the work thoroughly. Besides the practical experience gained in the bank he is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, one of the foremost banking and business schools in the country, and he has served a year as assistant bank examiner of the state, which gave him much experience. He attended the first officers training camp and served for two years as an officer in the army during the World War.
All Stock Owned Here
In a short statement Omar B. Smith said he was pleased to make the report that the stock of The First National Bank is all owned by residents of Fulton County. Until recently part of the stock was held by persons resding in other states but he said he had succeeded in buying all these shares and that meant the instituion was entirely Fulton County owned. Mr. Smith also said he was exceedingly proud of the fact that every officer in the bank is also a stock holder.
It was 25 years ago that the bank was organized by Mr. Smith following the death of A. C. Copeland. At that time The First National Bank purchased the business from Mr. Copeland, acquiring about $200,000 in deposits. The resources of the bank are now over $1,500,000.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 14, 1930]

HISTORICAL REVIEW OF CITY'S PIONEER BUSINESS CONCERNS
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
The week of July 21st, 1941, marks the 75th anniversary of the First National Bank, of Rochester, Ind. Although the firm name of this banking institution has been changed twice during the long tenure of service the lineal descent in management has been unbroken.
Arthur C. Copeland, a native of Ohio, founded the bank in the summer of 1866, the founder being a great-uncle of Percy Smith, present president of the First National Bank.
The following historic data was obtained from records of bank, old county histories and from the memories of several of the old timers, who were well acquainted with A. C. Copeland.
Started In Frame Building
Mr. Copeland established the bank, a private institution, on July 23rd, 1866, in a frame building which stood in practically the same location as where the Brinkman Shoe store is located today, namely 706 Main street. The bank operated under the title of The Rochester Bank, of Rochester, Ind.
In the year of 1872, the institution was converted into a National bank and became known as The First National Bank of Rochester, Rochester, Ind. A. C. Copeland was president and Earl Percy Copeland, a brother, was employed as the cashier. The bank operated as a national bank for a few years and then was changed back to the orignal name of The Rochester Bank.
First Adv. In 1866
A copy of the advertisement of the old Rochester Bank which appeared in the July 26th, 1866 edition of the Rochester Chronicle, appears elsewhere in this issue of The News-Sentinel. This advertisement it is believed is the first ever published by the Rochester Bank.
The Chronicle, a weekly newspaper of the pre and post war period was published by L. M. Spotts and M. L. Essick, the latter being the father of Viv Essick of this city. In this issue were several advertisements which the author believes will be of interest to the readers today. The Cincinnati Store, owned by Lou Feder, was advertising "Ladies Hoop Skirts $1.00; Misses Hoop Skirts 50c; rice 10c lb., sugar 12 1/2c; tea $1.50 per lb; ladies shoes $1; children's shoes 50c.
$2.50 Wheat
Market and produce prices in 1866 as carried in the Chronicle were wheat (old) $2.50; corn 40c; flour $7; pork 17c; butter 20c; tallow 15c; eggs 15c; cloverseed $5.00 and green apples $2.
A business boost for the Rochester Bank also featured in the July 1866 issue of the Chronicle read: "We called on the Rochester Bank a day or two ago and were shown the best piece of workmanship and mechanism in the shape of a fireproof and burglar proof safe that we ever remember of seeing. It is perfectly powder proof being locked without key or keyhole and is a safe in the fullest senseof the word."
Business firms in existence in Rochester at the time the Rochester bank was founded were the D. S. Gould dry goods and notions store; Charles Henderson, drugs, medicines, wines and liquors; Lyon & Kendrick's dry goods and notions; Bryant and Osgood, bakery; Christian Hoover, furniture; Plank & Dawson, drugs; G. I. Miller, gun and harness shop; Jonathan Ross, chair manufacturing; John Bechtol, painless dentistry and others.
In the late '80s the Rochester Bank purchased the two-story brick building which now is occupied by the Security Loan Co., 802 Main street and conducted its business in that location for a number of years. During this period A. C. Copeland resided in bachelor quarters which were on the second floor of the building.
Founder Died in 1905
In 1905, A. C. Copeland passed away and in the same year the bank again became known as The First National Bank of Rochester. A P. Copeland became president of the institution and Omar B. Smith (father of Percy Smith), was the cashier, and Michael Sheridan, assistant cashier. A. P. Copeland was a nephew of the bank's founder. Other officials of the institution at this time were William H. Deniston and A. J. Dillon, both vice-presidents.
P. Smith President in 1929
The institution continued its operation in the 802 Main street location until 1914, when it moved into its new home situated on the northwest corner of Main and Eighth streets. In 1916 A. P. Copeland resigned and was succeeded in the presidency by Omar B. Smith. Mr. Smith was president of the institution until 1929, at which time Percy Smith became president. Omar B. Smith passed away in [Nobember 27] 1930.
The present personnel of the First National Bank is comprised of Vice President Frank McCarter, who has been employed in the institution since 1914; Cashier Michael Sheridan, who will complete 50 years of service in the fall of the present year (1941); Belva Miller, assistant cashier, who has been employed since 1920; Charles Sheridan, assistant cashier, who started work in the bank in 1927; bookkeepers, Ernest Bonine, Florence Irvine and Myra Alspach. Percy Smith has been connected with the business since 1914 with the exception of two years when he was in the service of the U. S. army.
Directors at this present date are Frank McCarter, Michael Sheridan, I. M. Wile, N. R. Stoner and Percy Smith.
In discussing the long regime of this financial institution, Michael Sheridan stated he has seen the bank operate from no interest paid on deposits in the early days up to four percent from the pre-depression period up to 1932. The present rate of interest being established at 1 1/2 percent. The cashier also disclosed that the deposits as of June 30th, 1941 were in excess of $1,500,000 and that the capital and surplus and undivided profits at the same date aggregated more than $150,000.00.
Never Held-Up
Mr. Smith stated that during this lengthy operation of the busines the bank had never been subjected to a hold-up; he added however, the institution suffered the loss of $34,000 in government bonds, about five years ago. The bonds were presumably stolen while en route from the local postoffice to the Chicago & Erie depot. The loss was covered by adequate insurance, however, and inasmuch as all but $3,000 worth of the bonds were registered the actual loss to the insurance carrier was but $3,000.
The First National Bank which occupies two floors has ample space for promptly and efficiently carrying on its regular banking business. There are also special rooms for conferences of its clientele, consultation rooms, a directors' room and a large and spacious room which is devoted to use by various public and private organizations.
Few business houses, if any, have had a longer or more successful business career than The First National Bank, of Rochester, Ind.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 21, 1941]

FIRST STATE BANK OF KEWANNA [Kewanna, Indiana]
WILLIAM GOHL RESIGNS KEWANNA BANK POSITION
William Gohl, who has been the cashier of the First State Bank of Kewanna for the past 21 years, because of ill health has resigned his position, which became effective March 7. The vacancy will be filled by William Cook, who has been the assistant cashier of the bank for a number of years.
Mr. Gohl has been before the public in Union township for the past 39 years as a school teacher and as a banker. His many friends in Kewanna hope that he will regain his health in a short time.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, March 14, 1925]

GRASS CREEK BANK SOLD TO KEWANNA INSTITUTION
Fulton county will have one less bank next Monday, it was learned today, when the Citizens Bank of Grass Creek will be absorbed by the First State Bank of Kewanna. The transaction was completed a few days ago the Grass Creek institution simply being purchased with all assets and good will by the Kewanna bank.
On Monday all of the physical assets of the bank will be moved to Kewanna and all business will be conducted from there. Depositors and patrons will not suffer any losses they simply having to change the place of doing their banking business.
Webb Sibert, well known business man of Kewanna is president of both banks and owns the majority of stock in each. He stated that the Grass Creek bank was entirely solvent but that it no longer was a paying institution and it was purchased by his Kewanna bank for this reason.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, December 10, 1927]

RECEIVER APPOINTED
Judge Hiram Miller Saturday afternoon honored the petition of the state banking department in which a receiver was requested for the First State Bank of Kewanna, which closed its doors several weeks ago due to frozen assets. The court appointed Bright Kumler of Kewanna receiver, he to furnish bond of $35,000. Mr. Kumler served as county treasurer for two terms. He is engaged in the furniture and undertaking business at Kewanna.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, February 10, 1930]

FISCUS, ALBERT [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Bands

FISH, CARLOS [Rochester, Indiana]
CARLOS FISH (Biography)
Carlos FISH is essentially one of our self-made young men. He was born in Richland township, Fulton county, March 10, 1870, and is one of those sturdy men who went to school in winter and farmed in the summer. After completing his education he taught school for several years, then taking a business course at Valparaiso University, he went into the county Treasurer's office as deputy, where he has given satisfaction by strict business methods and courteous treatment of patrons. Mr. Fish was united in marriage with Miss Addie VAMPNER, June 2, 1892, and has one son. Since his residence in Rochester he has been identified with the general enterprise of our city and counts his friends by the score.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

FISH, GEORGE RINALDO [Rochester, Indiana]
GEORGE R. FISH (Biography)
In an educational sense, few men have risen more rapidly in public esteem than County Superintendent George R. FISH. The son of Dr. S. R. FISH, he was born in Marshall county 29 years ago. He always liked school work and was not satisfied with the thorough training he took in the public schools. He taught during the winter months and attended the northern Indiana Normal in summer, until he completed the scientific and classic courses and rounded up with a graduation in Padagogies. He has taught in the county for ten years, the latter two of which he has been principal of the south side branch of the city schools. He was elected county superintendent in June and soon after married Miss Emily Treadwell, of Ann Arbor, Mich., who had been a teacher in the Rochester schools.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

BIOGRAPHY
George Rinaldo Fish, the present superintendent of schools of Fulton county, was born in Marshall county, Ind., Sept. 20, 1866. He is a son of Dr. Samuel R. and Susanna (Meyers) Fish. The subject of this review first attended the common schools and later was a student at the Northern Indiana Normal school at Valparaiso, where in 1891, he graduated from the classic and scientific departments. Mr. Fish began teaching in this county in 1885, and since that time he has been interested in school work. In June, 1895, he was elected county superintendent of schools for this county. The cause of education has always found in him an earnest and pronounced advocate and worker. On June 9, 1895, he was united in marriage to Miss Emily M. Treadwell, of Ann Arbor, Mich. Mrs. Fish is a graduate of the Ann Arbor high school and, before coming to Rochester, taught school one year at Milan, Mich., and upon coming here taught for one year in the Rochester schools. Mr. Fish is a Mason, member of Bloomingsburg lodge, No. 482, and a member of Fredonia lodge, No. 122, K. of P. As an educator and practical man of school affairs, it is safe to say that Mr. Fish has no superior in Fulton county.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 69-70]

FISH, SAMUEL R. [Newcasrtle Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Dr. Samuel R. Fish. - The subject of this sketch was born in Jay County, Ind., August 24, 1844. His early educational advantages were limited; but during the course of his youth he received a common school education. Having been unfortunate in his infancy by receiving an injury in one of his limbs, which left him a cripple unfitted for manual labor, he chose medicine as a profession and studied with his elder brother, George Fish. He then graduated with distinction at the St. Louis Eclectic Medical Institute in the class of 1865. He began practice in Marshall County, subesquently locating at Bloomingsburg in 1874. By diligently and faithfully attending to the duties of his profession, he has acquired a lucrative practice. He has been eminently successful and is prompt in his attendance upon all calls. The Doctor was married, October 29, 1865, to Susanna Myres, a native of Pennsylvania. Of this union were born seven children--George R., Mary E., Calista A., Orlefa, Linnie, Maude E. and Clyde M. The Doctor and his family lived happily together until January 24, 1881, when his estimable lady was taken away by death. The Doctor was again married, January 14, 1882, to Mary Kesler, a native of this township, born in 1856. Her father, Jacob Kesler, located here in 1851-52. This has proved a happy union. The Doctor's father, Samuel Fish, was a native of New Jersey, born in 1799. He married Nancy Gillam, a native of this State, in his early manhood.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 49]

FISH MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
OPEN RESTAURANT
Mr. and Mrs. Delbert Collins have rented the room on east Eighth st., recently vacated by the Fish Market, and are making preparations to open a restaurant and lunch room. They will be ready for business in one or two days. Mr. Collins says that his wife is a wonderful cook and he expects to do a big business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 28, 1916]

FISHER, ALBERT L. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Albert L. Fisher)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Albert L. Fisher)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Third Letter From Albert L. Fisher)

FISHER CAFE [Rochester, Indiana]
See Blue Room Cafe

FISHER GROCERY [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] New Grocery - New Goods. Everything fresh and clean, 2nd door south of Noftsger's building. Everything cheap, and highest price paid for produce. Come in and see us. SILAS FISHER - - Free Delivery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 18, 1887]

FISHER & WIBEL [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW MEAT MARKET. We have just opened a new meat market on the corner of High and Elm streets, in southeast Rochester, and will have constantly on hand the best of fresh, salt and smoked meats. We solicit your patronage and promise you satisfaction. FISHER & WIBEL.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 31, 1901]

FITES, JAMES [Perry Township, Miami County]
BIOGRAHY
James Fites, a native of Frederick County, Maryland, was born April 12, 1832, the son of Andrew M. and Anna M. (Whitmore) Fites, both of German descent. They emigrated to Ohio in 1854, coming to Miami County, Indiana, one year later, and continuing residents of Perry Township, this county, until their deaths. James remained at home and assisted his parents on the farm until he attained the age of twenty yers, receiving a common education. August, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, 87th Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, where he served until December, 1863, when he was honorably discharged on account of disability. March, 1865, he re-enlisted in Company K, of the 155th Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. January 1, 1867, his marriage with Isabella, daughter of John and Mary A. (Clendenning) Old, was solemnized. Her parents were among the earliest settlers of Miami County, coming about 1837. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Fites five children have been born, viz: Eliza J., Richard, Albert, Elmer and Elva, the last two twins. Mr. Fites has been successful as an agriculturist, and now owns 140 acres of land in a good condition. He and wife are members of the M. E. Church. In politics he is an ardent Republican.
[History of Miami County, Indiana, 1887, Brant & Fuller. p. 729]

FITZGERALD, JOHN [Wayne Township]
BIOGRAPHY
John Fitzgerald, of Irish parentage, was born in Wayne Township, this county, June 23, 1850. His father, who was a native of Ireland, is living in the same township, aged seventy years. Mr. Fitzgerald married Ann Maclochlin, of the same township, September 18, 1874. The fruits of this union were three children, two of whom are living. Mr. Fitzgerald is a hard-working farmer, and owns 151 acres of land. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 61]

FITZGERALD, MAURICE [Wayne Township]
MAY GO TO PRISON
A New York newspaper tells the following story of the downfall of Maurice Fitzgerald, formerly of Wayne township, this county:
"Maurice Fitzgerald, a lawyer of No. 853 Broadway, who has been practicing in the criminal courts and the supreme courts for years, is a prisoner in the Tombs having been convicted yesterday in general sessions, before Judge Swann, of the charge of grand larceny in the second degree. Judge Swann will impose sentence tomorrow, and if the maximum is dealt out, Fitzgerald will get five years in state prison.
"Fitzgerald, who has been known as 'Worst of the ambulance chasers,' because of his connection with a large number of negligence and account cases brought to him by 'runners' and steerers, was indicted for the larceny of $250 from Mrs. Therese Haffel, his client, whose son had been killed some years ago in an east side park. The corporation counsel settled the case last August for $500, and Fitzgerald took the full amount and never let the woman know that he had been paid in full by the city. According to Fitzgerald, he was to have received $250, or fifty per cent, as his share, hence the charge that he stole $250.
"It was quite by accident that Mrs. Haffel learned that the city had paid Fitzgerald. When she went to him about it he did not deny that he had received the money. He simply told her that he had spent it, and was in no position to repay her.
"She went before the grand jury and an indictment was found against the thieving lawyer. Assistant District Attorney Marshall, who proseuted the defendant before Judge Swann, stood ready to go to the trial again in the event that the jury had failed to agree. There are two other indictments pending against the lawyer, both for grand larceny in connection with moneys which Fitzgerald has withheld from his clients, most of them poor persons."
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 27, 1908]

FIVE CORNERS, INDIANA [Miami County, Indiana]
See: Carl, Louden
__________

FIVE CORNERS ONCE A THRIVING COMMUNITY CENTER
IS NOW JUST A MERE CROSS ROADS
By Susan F. Skinner
Five Corners, well where are they? The place that was named years ago is still known as Five Corners, but was more of a community than it is now. The fact that Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago, later the Lake Erie and Western and now the Nickle Plate railroad was built through Macy, which became the bustling community, worked to the detriment of Five Corners. Bursiness moved eastward to Macy and left the little hamlet all that is now a crossroads of two houses, wherein live two excelleit families. East of them is the little church and the cemetery close by.
The history of Five Corners was given by Frank M. Skinner, ex-sheriff of Miami county, who was born and reared at Five Corners and who has lived practically all his life in that community, embodying Allen township.
As you doubtless already know, Five Corners was correctly named. Years ago there was another road according to Mr. Skinner, which came to the present crossing of Federal highway No. 31 and the east and west gravel road. The paved highway was built upon the original highway and oh my, it was sandy. It was difficult to get over that road with a team of horses and a big wagon. The road that turned east from Five Corners was changed to the sectional line and the road north and going east was abandoned. But the same old road east and west is still in use.
Road Through Woods
From the Aydelott place there was a road running diagonally through the woods southeast of the Fulton county line which made the Five Corners. The school house was situated northeast from the old church probably 200 feet and east of the church is the old burial ground as it has always been.
One among the first pastors of Five Corners was Nathan B. Shackleford. At that time the parsonage was in the same house where Mr. Bruce Ogle and family now live. Next to that on the east was the old fashioned house recently torn down by Mrs. Nora Palmer. The late Walter C. Bailey, of Peru, taught Five Corners school about 1866 or 1867. The head of the church community was kept up by John Aydelott, Willard Hatch, Benjamin Enyeart, Samuel Enyeart and James Woodburn. A little later on the house where William Hart had his store, recently razed by Mrs. Nora Palmer, was purchased by William Hoover who had a family of several children. His eldest daughter was the wife of James W. Hurst and mother of Judge Hurd Hurst of Peru. Through the sixties John Syes, grandfather of Frank M. Skinner, conducted the blacksmith shop on the farm now owned by Glen Hurst, the buildings being torn down several years ago, and prior to that the farm was owned by Col. Josiah Farrar.
Were Church Members
A great many people who held membership at Five Corners church resided in Fulton county and among them was Robert H. Calvert, grandfather of Mrs. Carter, wife of Dr. P. B. Carter, of Macy. The church was on a circuit and the parsonage was located at Five Corners. The circuit consisted of Perrysburg, Mr. Zion, Green Oak and Pleasant Hill and was supplied with what was called a circuit rider. For many years Rev. Bell, grandfather of George Bell of Mexico, was the circuit rider. The community was well supplied with what was called local preachers consisting of Uncle Stewart Bailey, father of the late W. C. Bailey, George Wilkinson, Samuel Enyeart, Gilbert Califf and Aaron Stallard, grandfather of Mrs. Carrie Burkett of Macy. It was a very strong congregation, a very good Sunday school, every one working with great interest. They had prayer meeting every Thursday night regardless of the weather, no matter how cold or stormy the weather. John Aydelott was janitor and generalissimo. Mr. Aydelott was loyal to his church and to everyone that he knew. He was the foundation of the church. After the death of Mr. Aydelott the church was broken up and has never been very active since that time although at several different times the church has been reorganized and services held a short time but at the present time there are no services of any kind held there. Among the oldest resident living today in that community is William Brown, who lives on the old Stibb place in Fulton county.
During the sixties Five Corners had a postoffice of some sort but was later moved to Lincoln, now Macy, and was called the Allen post office, the same name of the township. That was after the completion of the P. & C. railroad. The post office was then changed in a few years to the name of Macy and was given that name by the late James W. Hurst.
The Old Families
In the sixties in the Five Corners community lived the Chapin family, a very large family. Right next to them lived the Nathaniel Bryant family, another large one. Uncle Nat Bryant, as he was always called, was a coffin maker, made all the coffins for the burial of the dead in that community. He also presented the Five Corners church with a very large bible and is now in the possession of his grandson, Orbie Bryant, of Macy. The bible is a very old one. Mr. Bryant was the father of George Bryant of Macy and the grandfather of Orbie Bryant of the Bryant Pickle factory in Macy. Very close to the Five Corners school it was rather thickly populated. Some of the well known residents were Henry Gardner, Joe Weaver, John Hines. Hines afterward moved near Mexico and lived on the Pliny Crume farm. James Woodburn was another resident who lived where the David Braden farm is now, later moving to Benton county in the seventies. It is understood that the younger James Woodburn is a professor in one of our colleges in Indiana. He was born and reared at Five Corners.
Some of the old teachers who taught school at Five Corners years ago were: W. C. Bailey, Theodore B. Ferry and the late Mrs. M. L. Patterson who was Viola Hakens, Dick Packard, Isaac Pontius and Samuel Enyeart and Lewis Breece.
Where the Five Corners used to be now lives the Clayton Shaw and the Bruce Ogle families. These homes are very pretty and the farm land well attended. Everyhing is kept up in very good condition. If those who alreadfy have gone on would come back, they would still be proud of their "Five Corners," however they might not recognize the place.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 17, 1931]

MACY
328 S. Clay Street
Nevada, Mo.
Sept. 10, 1931
Susan Skinner
Macy, Indiana

Dear Madam:
As I do not know whether you are a Mrs. or Miss, I do not use either title.
Through the courtesy of my nephew, Creamer Farry of Route 5, Rochester, Indiana, who lives near Talma, Indiana, I am in receipt of the Fisheries number of the Rochester New-Sentinel together with a clipping from the same paper of Aug. 17th, containing your write-up of the "Old Five Corners Community." Although you get one letter wrong in my name, I assure you I am glad to get your history of that place. It brings back memories of the long ago together with names of persons whom I have remembered all the time for the last 62 years whose faces I could remember but some of whose names had slipped from me.
I have never forgotten the name nor the face of Uncle John Aydelott. I took charge of the Five Corners School in the fall of 1869 and boarded with the Rev. Adam H. Currie who lived in the old parsonage and was Pastor of the Five Corners Circuit. He was a red headed Scotch-Irish-Canadian; and had his Scotch-Irish brogue. He pronounced the word "good", "gode" which will give you a sample of his language. A fine man, good preacher and as true as steel. I have a book in my library now which was a present from him in my departure from his home in the spring of 1870.
The next year the Rev. R. J. Smith was the pastor there and I boarded with them during the school year. He was another good preacher.
You speak of having gotten your history from Frank M. Skinner ex-sheriff of Miami County. The first year I was at the Corners, a Frank Skinner entered the school there sometime after the beginning of school. The most bashful, timid boy I think I ever saw, as well as the brightest when he gained confidence in himself and his teacher. The first day he learned all the letters in the two sentences "Is it a cat?", "It is a cat," and went home at night and showed his Uncle and Aunt how he could read. He outstripped everything else that year in his grade.

The next year I think he lived with Uncle John Aydelott and went to school in the district west of the corner. I suppose your Frank M. Skinner is the same. If so, he is now some where from 68 to 70 years of age. While I am half way through my 86th year. Well do I remember the location of the church on the knoll with the school house some 200 or 300 feet in the northeast on lower ground. I remember the Hallelulah times at the Thursday evening prayer meetings. Uncle Nathan Shackelford, if I am not mistaken in the given name, moved at about 1858 or 1859 to northeast part of Fulton County and lived and died near where I was raised, and yet I am not sure but it was Thomas Shackelford that was there. At any rate he was a Methodist preacher. I knew Uncle Stewart Bailey and his son, W. C. Bailey before I went to Five Corners and while I was there Walter taught some where south of there. The Woodburn family some of the salt of the earth were my friends, and the younger ones my pupils. James was teaching some where south of there. He went to Benton County and I suppose it is his son of whom you speak as Professor in some college at present. Fred Beck who lived with Willard Hatch was one of my pipils; so was Isaac Weaver of the Weaver family of whom you speak. The Gardners, Enyearts and Bryants are all familiar names. I do not know how many Bryant children were in school. Then there was Billy Bryant of another family at John Aydelott's who afterwards married Moriah Aydelott. The preachers, Calvert Califf and Stallard, I do not remember. Aaron Stallard but Isaac Stallard northeast of Macy was one of the old time reachers and Jacob Stallard was one of the regular traveling preachers and sometimes presiding Elder. I wish I could go back and view the landscape o'er and get acquainted with the younger generation. The Smiths out beyond Green Oak were relatives of mine of which Charles Freemont Smith who recently died in Macy was my cousin. There were eight children in the family. All gone now but one, John, north of Macy, not far from the old Wagoner Station. But more than sixty years in this progress we age, make wonderful changes. Concrete takes the place of sand and mud. The automobile has displaced the horse and buggy and wings have wiped out space. Just think of a man going from the Pacific to the Atlantic in less than twelve hours when in my childhood days it took eight months or more.
I have been a preacher myself for more than 44 years and know some of the trials and vicissitudes of a preacher's life.
Very respectfully yours,
Rev. Theo. B. Farry
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 18, 1931]

FIX-IT SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
OPENS FIX-IT SHOP
R. C. Wade of Chicago has opened a Fix-It Shop in rooms over the Kroger Grocery. He will repair electrical appliances of all kinds and also radios. Mr. Wade came to this city five years ago with the Cole Brothers Circus. He has been employed as an electrician by circuses for over 40 years. Mr. Wade is a veteran of the Spanish-American War.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, May 25, 1940]

FLAGG, CHARLES [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] I have bought the TOM THUMB SANDWICH SHOP and will be open for business this week and after making some repairs. CHARLES FLAGG, Mgr.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, December 6, 1939]

FLAGG, CHARLES E. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Charles E. Flagg was born at Argos, Marshall county, Indiana, July 1, 1875, the son of William H. and Julia A. Flagg, the former being born January 28, 1842 near Mexico, Indiana, and the latter born October 14, 1849 in Ohio. The mother of our subject was raised by Martin Flagg, a great uncle of Charles Flagg, on his stock farm near Peru, Indiana. The paternal grandfather was one of the pioneer settlers of Indiana and came from New York to make his home near Mexico, Indiana. William H. Flagg after the death of his father moved with his mother and brothers and sisters to Fizzletown where he engaged in the grocery business. With the opening of hostilities between the North and the South, he enlisted in the Union Army and served throughout that historic struggle. When he returned to civil life, he followed the trade of carpenter and continued this occupation until his retirement from active work. He died September 2, 1920, at the advanced age of seventy-six years, having been preceded in death by his wife. They left two children, the subject of this review and Omer. Charles E. Flagg received a somewhat limited schooling, his father's hotel business requiring his help when he had only completed the sixth grade. At the age of nineteen years, he was married to Julia H. Worthington, the daughter of Thomas J. and Susan Worthington, of Marshall county, Indiana. After his marriage, he left home to become the editor of a daily newspaper in Plymouth, Indiana, but ill health caused him to give up this work and return to the home farm for two years. He then accepted employment with G. H. Hammond as a clerk and was placed in charge of the main store at Hammond where he remained for seven and one-half years. He was next appointed deputy prosecutor under the direction of D. E. Boone, the prosecutor, and for for four years the secretary of the Republican Central committee. He then removed to Akron in 1910 and went into business for himself. He became the railroad agent, holding this position for nine and a half years. During his residence in Akron his political integrity won recognition by his election to the office of town clerk for two successive terms. In 1918, he was again honored by the citizens of the county be being elected county clerk on the Republican ticket, taking office January 1, 1919, and serving for four years. To Mr. and Mrs. Flagg one child, Doris has been born. Charles Flagg's popularity is also shown in his affiliation with several fraternal societies, for he is a valued member of the Knights of Pythias, Woodmen of the World, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he is a Mason belonging to the Commandery and the Consistory. He and his wife are devout members of the Grace Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Flagg has aways been deeply and actively interested in civic affairs and is ready at all time to sponsor any worthy movement for the betterment of his home community.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 191-192, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

FLAGG & WALLER [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL NEWS - SATURDAY
A new business firm has been organized in Rochester between C. H. Flagg and Grant Waller. It will be known as the Flagg & Waller real estate and life insurance firm and they have room in Judge Troutman's office. Mr. Flagg was formerly an Illinois man, but his home is now in Rochester and he owns land near here. Mr. Waller has had considerable experience in the life insurance business and the firm has entered the work with the determination of making it a success.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 27, 1902]

FLECK MEAT MARKET [Akron, Indiana]
J. WILHOIT SELLS MARKET
Joseph Wilhoit has sold his butcher shop and Meat Market to Chris Fleck of Mentone. Mr. Fleck formerly resided in this community and is well known, and of late has been operating a meat market in Mentone. This is the first time the Wilhoit Meat Market has *changed names for approximately sixty years, having been run by William Wilhoit and Joseph Hoffman, and later by Joe Wilhoit, who bout Mr. Hoffman's share. -- Akron News.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, June 26, 1926]

FLEEGLE, GEORGE [Rochester, Indiana]
LEASES MEAT MARKET
George Fleegle who has been the meat cuttrer at the Berkheiser Grocery for the past two years today resigned his position and has leased the meat market in the Vernon Grocery. He has taken charge of the market he leased.
[The News=Sentinel, Tuesday, April 25, 1939]

MABIE RESTAURANT IS SOLD TO GEORGE FLEEGLE
Mr. and Mrs. William Mabie, operators of a restaurant at 530 North Main street for the past 12 years, announced today they have sold the cafe to George Fleegle, owner of the Fleegle Market at 526 Main street.
Fleegle has taken possession and will continue to operate the restaurant, which has been in business at the same location for almost 50 years. Fleegle will be assisted in operation of the business by his son-in-law, Jack Reyome.
Mr. and Mrs. Mabie said they would retire from the restaurant business because of poor health.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, May 5, 1943]

FLEEGLE CAFE OPENS DAY, NIGHT SERVICE
George Fleegle today announced a new departure for his cafe, Main and Sixth streets, beginning Tuesday evening, when the doors will open on a "round the clock" schedule.
In preparation for the new innovation, he has secured the services of Otto Norris, an exerienced specialty chef of Mncie, Ind., who will offer a wide variety of select sandwiches, including basket servings of chicken, steak, and ham, as well as Italian style spaghetti and other delicacies usually found only in larger cities. In addition, Fleegle announces Wednesday and Friday specials. A new grill service has been installed and other changes made in a general remodeling plan of the cafe.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, March 5, 1945]

GEORGE FLEEGLE SELLS BUILDING AND CONTENTS
George Fleegle, owner and operator of Fleegle's Cafe, 530 Main St. today announced the sale of the building, restaurant and pie shop.
Building and Cafe went to Paul Eiler, local electrical contractor and the pie shop, which has served the local restaurant trade for several years, was purchased by Mrs. Elsie Omler. Possession to both lines of business was taken by the now owners at midnight Monday.
Mr. Fleegle stated today that he plans to spend the winter in California, but expects to return in the early spring and engage in business here. Mrs. Fleegle left this morning for Toledo, Ohio, where she will enter a sanitarium for treatment.
Purchase of the building by Mr. Eiler gives him control of all the property from Sixth street north to the Shell filling station. He expects to raze all wooden structures and to build a modern business block on the site.
It is reported that the restaurant will be reopened soon by Walter Bowen of the Evergreen Cafe.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, September 11, 1945]

FLEMING ICE CREAM BAR [Rochester, Indiana]
LITTLE LIFTS FOR BUSINESS FIELD
On Saturday, May 9th, a new business in the form of an Ice Cream Bar, will open in the store building located at 604 North Main Street, this city. The new business will be under the management of Jake Leman, of this city, and throughout the course of the summer months, over 65 flavors of Fleming's Ice Cream will be placed on sale. They will also handle malted milks, Eskimo pies, etc.
The store building, which is owned by Mrs Minta Holman of this city, has been remodeled and redecorated throughout and presents a most inviting appearance.
The Fleming Ice Cream Bar will also employ as clerks, Miss Mable Klein and Louis Polk, both of Rochester. District Manager of the Fleming Co., Bernard Hartzog, will assist in handling the heavy run of trade which is anticipated Saturday. A large advertisement announcing the opening and special trade inducements appears elsewhere in this issue.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, May 8, 1936]

FLETCHER, CALVIN [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Fairview

FLETCHER POSTMASTERS [Wayne Township]
Samual Lamb, June 2, 1888 (L.M.O. Aug 3, 1894. N.B. Oct 6, 1894), June 2, 1888. Joseph Hall, March 17, 1900. Clinton F. Miller, Jan 26 1901.
Lewis Mullins, Nov 23, 1901.
Dis. Mail to Grasscreek, June 29, 1904. To take effect July 15, 1904.
[F.C.H.S. Files]

FLETCHER'S LAKE [Wayne Township]
In Sections 31 and 32, one-quarter of a mile from Cass County line.
Named for John Fletcher, the first white settler in 1832.
Fletchers Lake Boy Scout Camp located S side of the lake on a hill from 1922-1938.
The present store was established before 1900 and operated by Beattie, Clint Miller 1901-02, Dan Alber, Paul Mullins, Eli Barker 1918-25, May and Bill Burke. This store was operated several years by Devon St. Clair, who dug a pond east of the store, and then by Lewis and Betty Cameron, and then by Evelyn Vent. Mrs. Vent rents camping space, a bath house, boats and three cottages. There is a public beach.
When Clint Miller had the store, it also contained an undertaking parlor and furniture store. Clint was the postmaster, having the post office in his store until the post office was discontinued in 1903.
Clint operated a 20-passenger boat, the "Colletta," on Fletcher's Lake. The "Colletta" and three other boats had gone up the Wabash River as far as possible, and they were sold. Miller purchased it for $200. A six-horse team brought it to Fletcher's Lake.
There was a state park on the north side of the lake about 1900.
Another store once stood south of the church. It was operated by Lowell Burke in the 1920's, then by John Hauser 1935-60. Hauser closed the store in 1960 but continued to live in the house until he died in 1967. The house was torn down and the lumber was used to build a row of cottages just west of there.
There used to be a store, grist mill and saw mill before 1900 by the road leading to the row of cottages. This road was moved further from the lake in 1926-27. That same year the road by the church was moved from behind the church to the front of it.
And another store was located south of the present store.
All of these stores was part of houses with living quarters for the store owners.
Bob Lee operated a garage at Fletcher's Lake until Mrs. Vent bought it in June 1976 for storage. Other businesses are Lawrence Sider's saw sharpening and Del Henderson's well drilling.
A few years ago the county built a dam on the west side of the lake to solve the flooding problem.
[Nyona Lake, Fletchers Lake, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
__________

PLAN IMPROVEMENTS FOR FLETCHER'S LAKE IN 1928
William Burke, proprietor of the Fletcher's Lake store and operator of the adjacent bathing beach, is preparing for the 1928 bathing season now. With the use of tractors, teams and scoops, he had filled in the southeast corner of lake, across the road from his store, and is preparing a camping site farther west along the lake's edge. This winter he plans to haul sand on to the frozen lake at the new beach edge and prepare a nice roomy sandy beach. The boat pier will be improved and facilities for camping, picnic, boating and bathing are to be added.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, September 27, 1927]

FLETCHER'S LAKE UNDERTAKER [Wayne Township]
Robert Beattie lived in Fulton but previously had been an undertaker at Fletcher's Lake. Eli Barker bought the store, and Mr. Beattie had kept caskets up above the store. He pulled the hearse with horses.

FLOOD OF 1913
Also see Wallace, Benj.
__________

HUGH A. BARNHART RECALLS FLOOD OF 1913
I have always recalled the spring vacation of 1913 as it was the time of a great adventure. Continual rains had fallen over Northern Indiana for days when Robert Shafer, later to hold several county offices and be elected as mayor; Lyman Brackett and myself were at home between terms, Bob from Purdue and Lyman and myself from I. U. The rains continued south of us until the ground became entirely saturated.
The Wabash River overflowed all along its banks causing floods that reached the streets and buildings of Wabash, Peru, Logansport, Lafayette and many towns and villages. A call of distress came to our city from Peru asking for help. Since Lake Manitou housed several hundred rowboats and there were men here who knew how to use them it was a "natural" for our citizens. Robert, Lyman and myself volunteered after we learned that the Lake Erie and Western Railroad tracks were under four feet or more of water at Peru so we could not return to resume our college education.
The LE&W sent a train of flat, freight and passenger cars from Michigan City. Boats, food, bedding and supplies were loaded, the volunteers climbed aboard and took of for the distressed city. The train came to a stop at the water's edge north of Peru and each man was assigned a boat. Our fleet followed the streets to Broadway and then to the court house where the elevated lawn made an ideal landing place. Peru men were waiting and within minutes all of us were rowing up and down the flooded streets in rescue work and distributing food.
We found families stranded in their second story rooms and once we had the women and children aboard we rowed them to the waiting train. With one trainload after another of refugees it took off for Rochester. Here the local citizens took them into their homes.
In Peru I followed instructions and first rowed to the home of my sister and her husband, Henry and Glen (Barnhart) Bailey, where I found them safe and dry but with water within inches of their living room floor. Like hundreds of Peru families they spent several days at our home here until the waters in Peru receded. We three youths lived at nights at the Bailey residence, worked during long hours and three days later returned to Rochester. We made it back to college by the way of Chicago and the Monon Railroad.
For many years previously Peru and Rochester had been bitter rivals in baseball and basketball. But in the following June they announced a Peru Day in Rochester. The residents came by special train and automobiles for a program of parades, band concerts, speeches and fireworks which was climaxed when they buried the hatchet in the courthouse lawn. The same spirit of helping our distressed neighbors was shown then as it was following the tornado of April 3, 1974 here.
[Hugh A. Barnhart, Fulton Co. Folks, Vol. 1, Willard]

PERU SENDS CALL; IS UNDER WATER
Bulletin
At three o'clock telegrams were sent here by Dr. W. A. Huff, of Peru, asking that all the boats on the West Side, Fairview and at the Dam Landing be sent at once to the flooded districts and stated that the people in Peru were drowning. It also asked that all men who could handle an oar come to Peru and man the boats.
__________

In response to a call which reached Mayor Smith at one o'clock today, a motor boat, a canoe and at least 25 steel and wood row boats from the lake were dispatched to Peru this afternoon by special train. According to the call for aid, the water from the Wabash river was then lapping the station platform, and was from four to 20 feet deep in various parts of the city, and despite the fact that nine boats had been sent this morning, more were ordered out by the Mayor, who commandeered a city team, trucks and drays in his efforts to rush the work. At 2:30 a third call said that minutes meant lives, and that a number have been lost already. The special left shortly after three o'clock. It can run only to Hiner's cut, from which point the boats will be hauled or rowed to the city.
__________

A report from the lake late this afternoon said that the water was slowly rising toward the ice houses near the dam and that a repetition of the happening of a number of years ago, when the creek dam went out, was threatened. An investigation was going on at press time.
Reports from the west tell of similar conditions. Monterey and Delong are threatened by the rising waters of the Tippecanoe, and the new Erie tracks were expected to wash out just west of Delong before night fall.
As the result of the deluge of rain which has been falling for the last few days, the streams over the surroundng territory have left their banks, raising to a mark never before reached for many years.
No train service on all roads in the rain area, and it was impossible to get south of Hiners cut on the L. E. & W. today. The mayor of Peru sent word here to send boats and men to man them to relieve and rescue the people in South Peru. Nine boats were sent on the 9:58, accompanied by Bruce McHenry, Clint and Ernest Irwin, Ray Cook, John Swartwood, Raymond Ritchey, Tid and Charles Knight, and Ponty Ice. Chas. Robertson went down with two boas under orders from the Rochester Telephone Co., to assist the Peru Telephone Co. A number of men, armed with hip-boots, went to Denver to see the sights. Among them were Jesse Chamberlain, Charles Bailey, Jim Kebler, Wm. Hetzner and L. H. Johnson.
Tracks Covered
The water is over the tracks between Denver and Peru, and it was impossible to run trains over them. The 9:58 went as far as Hiners cut and returned at 1:00. The south bound 10:35 went as far as Denver and returned late this afternoon. A number of people left for Peru and points south, taking the chance of there being a possible way of leaving Denver.
The Wabash and Eel rivers at Logansport have over flown their banks and the water is over four feet deep in many parts of the city. All of the interurban trains out of Logansport are not running as the tracks are covered with water. From reports received from all over the country the conditions are the same. The rain following the severe storm Sunday is very unusual and the worst that the country has suffered in years.
Farmers Alarmed
The Tippecanoe river is very high and is rising every hour. The farmers along the stream are anxious concerning their stock and many of their buildings which stand on low ground. The Mill Creek flats are flooded and several of the smaller bridges are threatened. It is estimated that seven inches of water fell in the last three days and as a result the crops of Fulton county have been damaged to the amount of thousands of dollars. Wheat and young clover will be affected as the water has been standing on the ground for several days.
Late Storm Reports
Damages as the result of the storm which occurred Sunday are coming in every day. The Methodist church at Leiters was badly damaged Sunday morning. The large window was broken and the entire building was wrecked to such a degree that some of the plaster fell off the wall. Lightning struck the high school building at Richland Center. Floyd Babcock's barn was seriously damaged and a top buggy was torn to pieces. Ambrose Overmyer, who lives west of Rochester, suffered a loss of a hundred dollars when his barn was torn by the terrific wind. A. C. Fieser had a big barn unroofed. The big bank barn near Mt. Zion, belonging to Edward Smith, was unroofed and all the rafters blown off.
EXTRA!
STARVING PEOPLE NEED COOKED FOOD
According to a telephone message just received at 5 o'clock, sixteen people lost their lives in the flood which swept over Oakdale and Peru. Hundreds of families are homeless and without food or shelter. The mayor of Peru has sent out a call for help to all surrounding cities.
__________

NOTICE TO OUR CITIZENS
The chairman of the relief committee telephones me they must have help -- and something cooked to eat. All citizens urged to meet me at city hall at 7:30 tonight. Ladies who will volunteer to do cooking needed. OMAR B. SMITH, Mayor.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 25, 1913]

CITY OF PERU SUBMERGED;
ROCHESTER ANSWERS CALL
Peru, Ind., March 26, 5:30 a.m. -- The water covering the city has not raised any in the last hour. Rescue boats were busy all night and it is thought that everyone is taken care of. Many people spent the night in trees and on the tops of houses. They were all reached this morning and taken to safety.
Dr. Hass, a well known physician, is among the missing and it is supposed that he lost his life in rescue work. Carl Greenwood and two other unknown men were drowned Tuesday night.
The present condition of the people, especially the women and the children, is terrible. Many are without food, and disease will surely develop if they are not taken care of at once.
__________

20 Lives Lost
Peru, Ind., March 26. - Twenty people are reported drowned and $5,000,000 worth of peoperty lost as the result of the flood of water which covers the entire city.
Hundreds of families are destitute and many are huddled on the hills surrounding the city without food or shelter. The city lighting system is flooded with water and what rescue work done last night was accomplished in entire darkness.
The Wabash river is 40 feet above its usual level and is rising every minute.
Sleep in Court House
Many people spent the night in the court house and in the hospital, the only two dry spots in the entire city. The water is fifteen feet deep in many parts of the city and in front of the court house, the highest point, the water is three feet deep.
All of the bridges are washed away, including the big covered bridge which was world renowned for its strength.
The division shops of the Wabash, the Lake Erie and the C. and O. are covered with water and no trains are running. All interurban traffic ceased yesterday at noon.
The death loss is simply appalling but no detailed account can be had as many of the victims can not be found by rescuers.
The largest loss of life was reported from Oakdale, a suburb of Peru. The water is 20 feet deep in this section of the city and many of the homes have washed away by the strong current. Many people have lost their lives in Oakdale because they refused to be warned and stayed in their homes until it was too late.
The water rose a foot in two hours in that part of the city and when the residents attempted to leave they found the water six and seven feet deep. Many plunged into the raging torrents and tried to swim to the high ground and in this manner lost their lives as they were chilled by the very cold water.
Escape on Rafts
Mississippi flood scenes were much in evidence. Rafts were used by many of the people in escaping to the high ground.
One man lost his life in Oakdale in attempting to save the lives of his wife and two children. They were in the top story of the house and the husband, who had been working in another section of the city arrived after the water had arisen to that dangerous level. He became excited and would not wait for a boat to arrive on the scene. Jumping into the water he attempted to swim to their rescue, a distance of several hundred feet. He never reached the house as he became numbed by the cold water and sank.
It is reported that several farmers lost their lives above the city in attempting to rescue stock from the river. All of the small houses along the river flats were carried away and it is supposed that many lost their lives who lived there.
Many Narrow Escapes
Many narrow escapes were reported from all parts of the city as women and children crossed streets covered with four feet of water. They were carried away in many instances and brave men saved many lives by plunging into the flood and carrying the victims to safety.
Heroes were discovered last night as hundreds of men risked their lives to save the helpless. Boats were kept on the move throughout the entire night and whenever a light was seen men were dispatched to see if they needed help.
The boats all landed at the court house and all rescue work was carried on from that point. It was a very unusual night and one long to be remembered. Lights could be seen coming down Broadway over a seething expanse of water. Not a light was to be seen in any one of the storoes. The water had taken possession of everything.
Highest Ever
The Wabash river never has been to the present level in the history of the city of Peru. And when the water started to raise Sunday the local people were not alarmed and did not think that the water would raise above the bridges. A few years ago the water overflowed the banks and came up into the streets as far as Fifth Street.
The present flood is far different than those previously experienced as the water raised very rapidly and before any one was aware it had reached the present dangerous level.
The cement bridge which was supposed to stand any kind of flood was the first to go. The interurban bridge was next carried away.
A Seething Torrent
The current is moving at the rate of 15 miles an hour. It was going so fast that the center of the stream was swelled to a level above the other waters. Live stock farm buildings
and big trees are being carried down by the stream. Before the bridges were washed out, these trees and small buildings jammed against the upper bridge which was largely responsible for their destruction.
In A Valley
Peru lies between two ranges of hills in the Wabash valley and when the river overflows the lower portion of the city is usually flooded.
The southeast part of Peru, which is known as Oakdale and Elmwood, is lower than any other part of the city. The factories of Peru are located in and around Oakdale and they were compelled to close down Monday morning. The light plant is also situated on very low ground and was one of the first to stop work as the water put the fires out in the furnaces.
The water works, which is combined with the lighting plant was compelled to stop pumping water Tuesday and the people were then unable to get fresh water for household use.
Animals Removed
It is estimated that the Wallace-Hagenback farm was damaged to the extent of $30,000. All of the buildings were flooded and the keepers were compelled to remove the animals to the hills south of the farm. Considerable trouble was experienced in removing the larger animals as the regular summer help has not arrived and the work was done by three men.
The estimated loss to the piano works is $8,000. The Booth works and the automobile works were also heavily damaged.
People with relatives living in Peru were very anxious concerning their safety. Several railroad men with their homes in Peru spent the night in Rochester and walked the streets waiting for news from the stricken city. One man with a wife and two small children in Peru made the ramark that if the river was responsible for the death of his loved ones that it would also be his grave. The men here made every effort to get to Peru but were unable to get any conveyance of any kind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

LOCAL CITIZENS GIVE OVER $800
Rising nobly to meet an emergency, citizens of Rochester in a mass meeting at the court house Tuesday evening pledged nearly $800 for the relief of the sufferers at Peru, paid over $500 in cash and approved the plan of the council to appropriate $250 from the city's general fund.
The meeting was called and presided over by Mayor Omar Smith, and was attended by a crowd that packed the court room. When contributions were asked for, they came in so fast that A. L. Deniston was hardly able to take care of them. The list of givers is printed below, but it is probable that some are omitted and the amounts of others wrong, in as much as a check of the list was impossible Tuesday night. It is also likely that other amounts will be added.
Committees Named
Committees were appointed by Mayor Smith to take care of the food and the relief train this morning. The former is composed of A. C. Davisson, chairman; Nobby True, Wm. Howard, Val Zimmerman, and F. E. Bryant, and the latter of C. A. Davis, chairman Lee Wile, Dean Barnhart and several others. The committees went to work as soon as the meeting was adjourned, which took place immediately after a rising vote had endorsed the plan of the council to appropriate $250 from the city's general fund to aid the sufferers. This later was done.
Supplies were purchased and cooking commenced at once at a number of places, including the Christian Church, Taylor's Meat Market and in a number of homes. A quantity of milk was ordered to be supplied early this morning and every preparation made to have the food on hand when the train is ready to leave. Nothing but the most substantial food will be sent.
Arrange For Train
Until a late hour last night, the two committees were in session at the Indiana Bank & Trust Company, arranging the various details of the relief expedition. No officials of the L. E. & W. railroad could be reached to arrange for a train but it was learned that it must be obtained from a point north of Rochester and every effort was being made last night to have the special here early this morning. It was not known at what hour it will leave. Only the committee named by the mayor and special representative of the city will accompany the train.
The following is the list of contributors for the relief fund: - - - - - - - - - -.
Other Cities Help
All of the surrounding cities donated substantial sums of money and food for the citizens of Peru.
Warsaw raised over $500 and sent a relief train with sixty-three boats. Two of the largest motor boats on Lake Winona were also taken to Peru.
Akron raised a substantial sum of money and sent a large supply of food to the scene of disaster. The towns south of Peru also sent train loads of food. Because of the condition of the railroad and traction lines the relief trains are having great difficulty in reaching Peru. Food supplies from Wabash and Logansport were carried to the city by wagons. The relief committees of Peru asked all the other cities who desired to send relief to deliver the food by boats if possible to the court house. This was done where it was possible but in many cases boats could not be had to carry the goods.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

GERMANY
Special to the Sentinel.
The terrible storm of Friday morning closed our school for this term and put old North Mud Creek in ruins. Part of the west gable end was crushed to the floor, this occurring before school time. This school house had a like damage several years ago. This brick building has done duty for thirty years.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

RICHLAND CENTER
The rain on Easter Sunday made it impossible to have the Easter entertainment or any other service.
The high wind did considerable damage to buildings, trees and wind pumps around here on Sunday night.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

SAND HILL
Last Sunday night Clarence Hisey got afraid of the storm and forgot to put his horse away. When he got up in the morning, he found the harness on the horse.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

WILL COOK NIGHT AND DAY
With a view of furnishing relief to Peru sufferers during the next few days, the ladies of the Methoidst church are arranging to work in squads night and day if necessary.
Mrs. John Pyle, president of the Ladies Aid of that church, notified Rev. J. A. Kruwel Tuesday evening that 18 women were prepared to cook all of last night, and that more were ready to work on succeeding nights.
It is foreseen that the relief afforded today will have to be continued and that the demand for supplies will be heavier in the next few days than now, in as much as food on hand at Peru will soon give out. The response of the Methodists was the first to the first appeal and is certainly worthy of commendation, as is that of the many other organizations in the city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

FIVE REPORTED DEAD IN PERU
Bulletin
Peru, Ind., March 26 -- Though impeded by a blinding snow storm, the work of rescue was still going forward at 4 o'clock this afternoon, with Rochester men assuming a leading part. Charles and Tid Knight are hailed as heroes of the flood, being the only men who dared to go near the Wabash river to rescue men. Tid Knight is the only man who has successfully crossed the stream, it being learned late today that he had made the trip in safety. People steadfastly refuse to leave the city, evidently believing that the waters will soon recede. More boats and people are needed.
__________

Bulletin
Peru, Ind., Mar. 26. -- Five men probably lost their lives this afternoon when they attempted to cross the river in a row boat. The craft capsized and the men were tossed into the raging torrent.
There are two cases of diphtheria among the refuges in the court house. They are being kept in a room by themselves.
A child was born of one of the women refuges in the court house last evening. The child is living.
__________

Peru, Ind., March 26 -- The second day of the greatest disaster which ever befell this city, dawned this morning with hundreds of families living in the upper stories of their homes, several hundred marooned in the court house and the local hospital. The water has not risen during the last six hours and the people are praying that the floods will recede.
Up to the present hour it is not known for certain that anyone has been drowned, but several are missing and grave fears are entertained for their safety. Every man, woman and child in the city will be under cover tonight.
The scenes here today cannot be over drawn. Broadway is covered with water and the current makes its way down between the rows of store buildings, uninterrupted except by the cars of boats carrying supplies to the marooned citizens.
The streams flowing through the streets are filled with rubbish, dead animals and even big logs were carried down by the current, crashing into windows stores and endangering the many boats which ply to and fro.
Animals Seek Refuge
The tops of houses and the shade trees along the steets are the refuge of many dogs and cats. According to several eye witnesses the sufferings of the animals were very pathetic. A horse was seen on the porch of a house standing neck deep in water. He had been in that position for a day and a half.
The corner of Broadway and Main is the highest point in the city and it is free from water. The north and west parts of the city are in fairly good condition.
Local Men Busy
According to reports received from Peru, Rochester citizens did gallant duty Tuesday night. Everyone that could row a boat helped to rescue many people. Alex Ruh, Ray Cook and "Tid" Knight worked throughout the entire night.
The city is being policed by a number of regular uniformed men from South Bend, who volunteered their services. Several Rochester men were also sworn in.
Many traveling men are marooned in Peru and are offering large sums of money to anyone that will take them out. The Bearss hotel is a refuge for a number of people.
A Narrow Escape
The local committee who took the provisions to Peru had a narrow escape this morning. The train took them as far as the canning factory, where they were loaded into motor boats. The boat in which Dean Barnhart, Charles Davis and A. C. Davisson rode was manned by Ray Cook, of this city. He started toward the city, but lost his way and drifted in close to the Wabash river. Here the engine stopped and but for the frantic efforts of all, the boat would have been carried into the current where it probably would have been capsized
Huntington
The lighting system was closed down last night in Huntington by the high waters and the city last night was in total darkness. Many people were driven from their homes in the low ground around the river.
Logansport
The conditions in Logansport are similar to those in Peru. The water is four feet deep in H. Camerer store. The lighting system is still in operation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

RELIEF SUPPLIES LEAVE FOR PERU
The second relief train, made up of two flat cars, two coal cars, two box cars, a passenger coach and a mail car departed for Peru at 8:50 this morning, carrying supplies to the needy people. Two motor boats, belonging to Ed. Creamer and John Kern and a few row boats were taken. Beyer Bros. sent 500 gallons of water in milk cans and several barrels of water were taken besides. 250 gallons of gasoline were taken, to be used in the boats and for fuel, and several tanks of coal oil were taken to be given away for fuel, as the people are suffering from exposure and cold. Besides the 550 pounds of meat and 400 loaves of bread, which were mentioned in the Sentinel's extra morning edition, 25 barrels of crackers were taken. At the last moment rope was thought of, and one coil was quickly found and thrown aboard. The train stopped at the first crossing south of the city and took on a few boats and supplies. It also stopped at Macy and took on supplies and boats.
Many Men To Assist
Rochester men who went along to assist in the work were Albert Bitters, Ward Brickly, John Myers, Chas. Kilmer, Walter Smith, Ed Hetzner, Horatio Agster, Lyman Brackett, Robert Shafer, Hugh Barnhart, Dean Barnhart, Harold Davisson, Elmer Jackson, C. J. Irwin, Rev. S. A. Stewart, Chas. Davis, John Hoover, Ike Wile, Wm. Howard, Earl Wicks, Rev. J. D. Kruwel, Harley Nellans, Rev. F. C. Moon, Henry Bailey, Frank McCarter, Chas. See, "Buck" Ream, Frank McKee, "Bink" Stinson and John Mow. The last four named went to manage the motor boats, with which most of the work will have to be done. W. D. Grose, W. S. Dixon, L. R. Creager, M. F. Ford and Claude Rinken, the railroaders who arrived here from Hammond Tuesday night, were passengers to Peru, where they each have families.
The men of the city who lent the time and hands in preparing the relief trains, are too numerous to mention, but J. A. Mais gave special service with his truck, running late last night and early this morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

LOCAL CITIZENS RAISE BIG SUM
Over $1,000 in cash was raised by Rochester citizens for the stricken residents of Peru. Subscriptions were received at the local banks and at the Sentinel office during the day. They fairly poured in, which is a splendid testimony of the generosity of our people.
The committees were busy all morning gathering in the foods prepared by the different churches. Telephone messages were received from all over the county today offering aid to the local committees.
Hundreds of people telephoned to Mayor Smith today offering to keep one or two citizens in Peru, if sent to Rochester. A list of the names was taken and if Peru sends any people here they will be sent to the different homes. The Woodlawn hospital offered their services. All of the local churches are helping to aid the victims of the flood.
The following is the list of contributors to the relief fund since the issue of this morning's Sentinel: - - - - - - -.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

MANITOU REACHES HIGH WATER MARK
The high water threatened the dam at Lake Manitou Tuesday evening, and for a few hours the situation was dangerous. The head gate in the race was found to be undermined late yesterday afternoon by Marshal Chamberlain, Simon Bailey and others. They at once sent for help and dirt and rocks was filled in the opening.
The water is very high around the lake. Coney island is very near covered with water and several of the piers are hidden from view. The highest water mark in years was reached Tuesday.
The bridge over Mill Creek below the gas plant was declared to be in a very dangerous condition Tuesday evening and the road was blocked by order of the city marshal.
Tippecanoe High
The Tippecanoe river is very high but from reports received from the farmers living near the river, the water has gone down several inches in the last few hours. Mud Creek and all small streams west are on a rampage and it is estimated that at least ten bridges are washed out over the county. Mail men had considerable difficulty in covering their routes today.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1913]

SUFFERING IN STRICKEN CITY
INCREASED BY COLD; ASK AID
THIRD TRAIN IS SENT TO RELIEVE
Bulletin
The relief train sent to Peru at noon returned at three o'clock this afternoon bearing a number of tired out workers and about a dozen flood refugees. The train was loaded when it left Peru, but many got off at Denver, Deeds and Macy. The special will go back to Peru this afternoon but no more men will be taken, as there are more workers than boats there now. The return trip from Peru will be made late this eveing. LaPorte raised $4,000 today and another relief train is on the road from South Bend.
__________

The third relief train sent from Rochester to Peru left this morning at 11:20, and contained boats, provisions and men to take the places of those who have been working there. This train was made up mostly of Rochester people, but Talma, Fulton, Richland township and farmers in the surrounding country helped swell the list of necessities.
Prepare For Train
Preparations for today's relief train were begun Wednesday night and by nine today the Gas office was full of food supplies, milk cans and pails of baked beans, bales of sandwiches, and basket upon basket were sent in. Wednesday afternoon five auto loads arrived from Talma, bringing suitable well wrapped and easily prserved supplies. This morning there was a constant stream of buggies, wagons sleds to the depot. Richland township sent two wagons, and two sleds. Fulton sent three wagons, all loaded to their capacity. The express wagons, private vehicles and the Mais truck were all kept busy collecting provisions.
Taught By Experience
Men who have been to the unfortunate city, taught by experience, took dozens of pairs of sox and cotton gloves. Overcoats were left behind and short heavy coats worn.
All supplies were taken to the depot this morning, where they were loaded in box cars. One contained nothing but provisions. In the second car were 11 row boats, oil and wood stoves and extra oars.

Busy At Depot
The depot scene was a busy one. All the men who wished to go presented themselves to Chas. Bailey, Lee Hisey and O. B. Smith and received cards entitling them to transportation and badges with the words "Rochester Relief Committee." All who were thought physically unable to do the work or did not know how to handle a boat were not allowed to go. Each man was provided with a coil of rope. Dr. Harley Taylor took charge of the supplies and will attend to their distribution about the city.
The men understand the work from now on will be more systematic. Reports were heard that a number of persons in Peru had row boats chained to their front porches, and were keeping them for their own use, others are joy riding with kodaks. These boats will be taken by the committee and put into general use. There are also many boats drifting without oars. Twenty-four boats were taken over today.
Will Not Leave
People who have taken refuge in the court house and such places, despite their pitiful condition, cannot be persuaded to leave the city. These places are extremely unsanitary and liable to become contaminated with diseases and efforts will be made to compel the women and children to leave. The public buildings to which hundreds are gathered will be cleared first, and then attention will be given the residences. It is said that many are afraid to get in the boats and would rather stay in the upper stories of the homes or on the roofs.
The bridge factory closed down this morning to allow the men to go, but only five were taken, they having been too late to put their names in. The train arrived at 11:20 and after taking on passengers, the three box cars of provisions and three empties were attached.
Those Who Went
The following men left this morning: Oscar Manning, John Hudbaugh, Joseph Heffelfinger, James Arthur, Ed. Blackburn, Wm. Sanders, Kent Sibert, William Neese, Albert Carruthers, Elmer Hart, Clarence Keebler, Wm. Campbell, Lee Montgomery, Bud Ware, Boyd Bidwell, L. Crawford, Lew Hunt, Chick Goodrich, Vern Goodrich, Fred Paramore, Jacob Karn, Perry Eytcheson, Abe Eytcheson, Robert Owens, Joseph Goodenow, Abe Hoover, Wm. Miller, Lee Miller, C. W. Hiatt, Eugene Coplen, Everett Stoner, Dean Kilmer, O. A. Tatman, Mert Hinesley, Dick Steen, Wm. Cook, Earl Packer, Ernest Irwin, Harrison Irwin, Clinton Feese, Buzz Hunter, Jno. Swartwood, Ralph Burns, C. W. Richards, Manford Ream, Lou Cooper, Jerry Rouch, J. C. Werner, Chas. Pyle, Runt Hudkins, Ansel Davis, J. B. Bartholomew, Guy Barr, Hiram Miller, Ora Stingle, Rev. S. A. Stewart, C. C. Johnson, Edgar Zike, Willis Ward, Frank Taylor, and S. P. Daugherty. The men went under charge of Frank McCarter, A. C. Davisson, Chas. Davis and Lee Hisey. Bernard Clayton was the Sentinel representative who accompanied them.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

FT. WAYNE SENDS COFFINS
A relief train sent out from Fort Wayne to Peru, Wednesday evening, passed through Rochester about 7:00 p.m. made up of four cars and a coach. These cars contained provsions, and one held 53 coffins, officials at Fort Wayne having been notified by Gov. Ralston that many people have been drowned in Peru.
The cars also contained 1,000 blankets, sent by order of Gov. Ralston. In the coach were 20 Wabash railroaders, who have families in Peru, and several railroad officials.
This train returned at 12, bringing twelve refugees from Peru, among whom were W. C. Bailey, his daughter and grandson, Mrs. Oren Shutt and son who are with Congressman Barnhart, County Clerk A. Berger and family, who are at the home of Rev. F. C. Moon and Zeke Rance and family, who are with Joseph Heffelfinger.
At ten o'clock a wrecking train went through, taking a pile driver, heavy lumber and several cars of workmen, who will begin repairs on the bridges as soon as the water recedes.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

SAVE ONE LOGANSPORT BRIDGE
According to word received from Logansport today, condtions there are practically as bad as those in Peru, for the entire business district of the city, from Pearl street south is flooded, some of the stores having as much as three or four feet of water in them. The suffering is terrible.
Residents of the south and southwest portions of the city, which are low, were forced to leave their homes and flee to higher ground. Both the Eel and Wabash rivers are higher than was ever known, and all bridges save the Wabash railroad bridge over the Wabash river are out. The last named was saved by weighing it down with a train of coal cars loaded down with rock.
The city's power station was one of the first buildings flooded and as a result, there is no light there. It is not known how many lives were lost.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

ASK RAILROAD TO LEND HAND
A personal appeal to the New York Central lines for more aid was made to G. P. A. Daley, of the L. E. & W. in Chicago today by A. L. Deniston.
It is the consensus of opinion that the relief service between here and Peru coul be bettered by the addition of trains and an attempt will be made to secure more engines and cars. While the railways are having trouble of their own, it is thought that enough equipment could be spared from the Lake Shore to give much local aid.
Mr. Daley was born in Peru and lived there for a number of years, and it is thought that he will give earnest cooperation when he learns how conditions are in his former home city.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

BREAD FAMINE IS THREATENED CITY
A bread famine in Rochester was probably averted today by a mad dash to Plymouth in the new Rochester Mais truck with A. J. Mais and R. P. True as the only passengers.
The supply of yeast at the Rochester bakery from which place all local bakeries are supplied, gave out, and it was impossible to get any into this city, because of the mixed condition of shipping facilities.
Realizing the necessity of having bread here Mr. True commandeered the new truck about two o'clock and started for Plymouth, where it was hoped that a supply of the needed article might be obtained. The men had not returned at press time.
The heavy drain on the city's various larders during the past few days had exhausted the yeast supply sooner than was anticipated, and the crisis arrived before the head baker suspected that it was near. Yeast must be obtained if there is baking tonight.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

COMMITTEE ASKS MORE DONATIONS
At two o'clock today $1,177.25 had been donated for carrying on the relief work in Peru, and the money was still coming in. Of this $113.25 was donated this morning.
Finding that the cost of the relief work will reach far above the figures given, the committee urges more donations tonight and tomorrow.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

KNOWN DEAD NUMBER FOUR
By staff correspondent.
Peru, Ind., Mar. 27, (3 p.m.) -- It is estimated here that the water has fallen four feet, Broadway being dry from Second to Sixth streets and the cross streets free from water for a block each way from Broadway. Four people are known to be dead. Following is the latest authentic list:
Mrs. James Hosman, aged woman, found dead in house.
Miss Bessie Lovett, drowned.
- - - - - Mais, C. and O. conductor, drowned.
Mrs. Rose Steller, aged woman, found dead in house.
People absolutely refuse to leave the city, believing that the danger is past. Physicians will order everybody out of the court house. There are no disease epidemics.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

ROCHESTER FEELS EFFECTS OF FLOOD
Rochester is now feeling the real effects of the storms which for six days have been sweeping practically the whole of the central, eastern and southern United States. Telegraphic communication with the outside world is practically cut off, the mails were few and irregular, the train service is practically at a standstill. The temperature fell to 30 above and about four inches of snow has fallen since Wednesday.
Until Wednesday evening, it was possible for the local Western Union men to get in touch with Chicago, but when this wire failed a while today, there was no communication to the outside world at all. Long delayed telegrams came into Rochester late Wednesday afternoon, but there were few today and will be few for some days to come. The telephone toll lines are in fairly good shape. The one line to Peru although sadly overworked, has done splendid service and no charges for calls over this wire have been made. The line to Logansport is down, but Rochester has connection with all the smaller towns of the county and with Plymouth and Warsaw.
Mail Trains Few
There was but one mail train into Rochester Wednesday, that arriving over the Erie and bore a big quantity of mail from the west. Mail was received and dispatched on the regular west bound accommodation this morning, and on the Erie east and Lake Erie south at noon, but postoffice officials this morning had no idea when other mails would be received or leave. There has been no north or south service for three days. Rural and city carriers are making their regular round but carry light burdens.
Trains Stopped
Train schedules are torn to pieces. Regular L. E. & W. trains are few and far between, and the time of relief trains to Peru cannot be foretold with any degree of accuracy. There have been no through trains on the Erie since Tuesday, but an attempt is being made to run accommodation trains between Huntington and Chicago, where the track is in fair shape. Ohio floods have stopped trains in that state. The regular Erie accommodation went west this morning and the train from Chicago, due here about eleven, came in late. Nothing was known of afternoon trains.
Recedes At Huntington
According to word received this morning from Huntington, the flood at that point had receded materially and it was thought that the light and heat stations, could resume work today. This means that the Wabash river is slowly getting back into its banks and that the water at cities below Wabash, Peru and Logansport, will now go down. Conditions at Huntington, while not like those at Peru, have been very bad.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

ARE PREPARED FOR REFUGEES
Preparations are being rushed today to take care of the survivors who were expected to come into the city in increasing numbers today and tomorrow. Despite the evident reluctance of the flood victims to leave their homes, it is thought that the scarcity of food and drinking water will soon compel them to do so.
The ministers of the city form the housing committee, Rev. J. D. Kruwel being chairman. All of the committeemen are tagged accordingly and a scheme of registration has been worked out, whereby the sufferer is to be given a tag at Peru, which will place him in the right home here in Rochester. A duplicate will be given his benefactor. Practically every home in the city is open to victims.
Medical Inspection
All refuges were to be taken direct from the train to the court house, where a medical inspection is to be made to avoid any possible epidemic entering the city. The doctors of the city have also volunteered their services to look after the health of those who come from Peru.
It was learned today that the families of several local men who are actively engaged in the rescue and relief work at Peru, were in need of food and medical attention. A list was at once secured and arrangements made to take care of the families of the men while they are in Peru. The Dorcas Society of the United Brethren church has volunteered to help in the relief, as have a number of other organizations.
All those who can take care of sufferers should report to Mr. Kruwel.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

PERU ORGANIZES TO ASSIST ITSELF
Peru, Ind., March 27 (noon) -- In an attempt to bring law and order into control in this stricken city, 200 citizens at a mass meeting this morning organized committees and laid plans looking forward to the policing of the city during the periods of confusion which must necessarily follow so great a calamity. The high waters are rapidly receding today, but a return to normal conditions is thought to be weeks away.
The rumors regarding numerous deaths here are as yet unconfirmed. Four bodies have been recovered and identified.
There is no means of communication with South Peru, where the heaviest loss of life is supposed to have taken place. It is not thought that the number of the dead will total more than 50. No figures are possible now.
Form League
At the meeting which took place this morning, a Law and Order League was organized to look after the policing of the town; a relief committee was named to furnish food to the many victims; and the doctors of the city were ordered to form themselves into a sanitation committee to look after the health of the sufferers and the hygienic conditions of the city.
An appeal was made to Governor Ralston to assist in this last named work, and it is thought that he will send troops at once.
An embargo was placed on the sale of liquors in the city, but this was hardly deemed necessary in that practically all the saloons are flooded. Much relief is needed and is anxiously awaited.
Fire Is Feared
Fire is a new danger to be feared, as it is thought that many of the victims will attempt to warm themselves in the upper stories of their homes. It is believed that such an attempt caused the burning of the Miami Company's lumber yards Tuesday night.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 27, 1913]

FLOOD WATERS RECEDE FAST;
PROPERTY LOSS IS GROWING;
ROCHESTER HOUSES REFUGEES
FALL OF WATER IS WELCOMED IN PERU
Bulletin
Peru, Ind., 4 p.m. -- Following a most complete investigation, trace of but one death by drowning can be found in the city, an unknown South Peru man having lost his life. His body was taken to Bunker Hill. There were probably other drownings, but the number will not exceed 12. The high water has receded so that it is possible to go almost any place in the city, the Wabash being nearly within its banks again. Marines from Michigan City are here and they with Indianapolis men are crossing the river almost hourly. Lieut Gov. O'Neill is here. There are plenty of supplies on hand and few people are leaving the city.
__________

By staff Correspondent.
Peru, Ind., March 28, 3 p.m. -- Conditions are improving every hour. The water has receded to such an extent that a number are able to cross the river. The cement bridge is standing and seems none the worse for the large amount of water that has passed over it. The report that "Tid" Knight is drowned is absolutely without foundation as he is in Bunker Hill, where he went after crossing the river with Doctor Huff. Charles Knight is also safe. The reports from here regarding the number drowned are widely exagerated, although it is a mystery how many escaped.
__________

Peru, Ind., March 28 -- The end of one of the greatest disasters that ever befell this city is in sight. The water is receding and it is estimated that it has fallen eight feet since the highest point was reached Wednesday morning. The Lake Erie depot on the north and Second street on the south are free from water. The stores along Broadway are open today and the merchants are busy estimating their losses. It will be weeks, and perhaps months, before the regular business of the city will be carried on.
Many Visitors Remain
Many refugees still remain in various parts of the city, but boatmen are busy taking them to the trains on the Lake Shore where they are being sent north and to other small towns near Peru.
The basket factory which sheltered 200 people for two days, is still the refuge of many people for whom the relief committee could not find homes.
A few people are still in the Elmwood school where many of the refugees of Oakdale fled. They will be taken out today or some time tonight.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

WORKS 48 HOURS IN DEEP WATER
Standing waist deep in water, Edward Lumley worked 48 hours in the Lake Erie offices in Peru, in order to keep the relief trains running. He is hailed today as the man who saved Peru. His excellent nerve kept the victims of the stricken city supplied with food. He was not a "quitter."
Lumley is from Kalamazoo, Michigan, and has been working in the dispatcher's office at Peru. When the flood came on he was on duty and the other dispatcher refused to relieve him. Lumley operated the wire from Monday evening at six o'clock until six o'clock Wednesday evening. Floyd Mattice and Morrie Shelton, of this city, kept him supplied with food.
Lumley's unexampled courage will undoubtedly be rewarded by the railroad company and the citizens of Peru.
Wires Out
The wires of the Western Union in Peru were put out of commission early Tuesday morning, when the water flooded the office. Pat O'Donnel was the last operator to leave his desk in the Western Union office and he too stayed by his post until the wires refused to work. The water was then four feet deep around him. He was finally carried out by William Mathew, who is now in the city at the home of Earl Wicks. Mrs. Earl Wicks, of Rochester, was an operator in the same office in Peru during the flood. She was compelled to leave when the water raised three feet on the first floor.
400 Messages
Mrs. Wicks said that at least 400 messages were sent in the Western Union office in Peru during the last three hours before the wires went out. Hundreds were unable to get word to their relatives concerning the oncoming flood.
The local Western Union office was swamped with telegrams Thursday, as the refugees from Peru brought messages to be sent over the country telling relatives and friends that they were safe or that some loved one was dead. Harvey Waymire worked until eleven o'clock Thursday night before the last message was sent.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

NO BREAD FAMINE; YEAST RECEIVED
Rochester's bread famine is averted.
Despite the abrupt ending of the dash to Plymouth Thursday afternoon, due to lack of oil in the engine of the truck in which Nobby True and J. A. Mais were speeding north, baking was made possible in the local shops this morning when the Erie accommodation from the west, last night, brought 25 pounds of the much needed yeast to the Rochester bakery. It was divided about town, and the bread question was ended.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

HOMELESS VICTIMS NOW IN THIS CITY
Bulletin
Denver, Ind., Mar. 28 -- The engine of the relief train returning to Rochester is off the track here and the train will not be able to reach Rochester until about 4 o'clock. Most of the refugees have been taken care of here. Many Rochester people are aboard.
__________

The first train load of suffering refugees from Peru arrived in Rochester at 8:15 Thursday night. Hundreds of people were at the depot to care for them, all having been instructed what to do. When the train pulled in, people inside could be seen peering eagerly out, while others remained in their seats, seeming to be unconscious that they had arrived at their destination. Babies and women were crying. Some seemingly did not know what to do. The reception committee soon had them in charge.
They were taken to the clerk's and recorder's office at the court house where they dropped into chairs and on tables, utterly exhausted. Several, coming into the warm rooms, fainted and were given medical attention. Every face told of suffering. All had a pale, ghastly look, some with blood marks, hair disheveled and clothes torn. Very few had baggage, and those who had a chance to bring a few belongings, brought them in bundles, tied with table cloths and straps. Families were divided, wives trying to find husbands and men seeking their families.
All Are Examined
It was at first attempted to examine everyone before assigning them to the homes, but Dr. Harley Taylor announced that he had done so before they got on the train, and that no one need fear contracting diseases from them. Drinking water was brought and the sufferers were made as comfortable as possible 'till taken care of.
Order was soon established and the work was done quickly and without undue disorder and excitement. Several of the committee had blank forms upon which were written the names and addresses. These names were taken to Arthur Metzler, or Rev. J. D. Kruwel, who had lists of Rochester homes open to refugees, and an address was written on the bottom of the paper. The form was given to one of the many boys on the committee, who guided the people to the home in which they were assigned.
All Seem Cheerful
All appeared to feel more cheerful this morning. They had been tired to their limit and sadly needed the rest.
An engine and caboose came from Peru last night at 11 o'clock, bringing a number of refugees and rescuers from the stricken city. Among the former were Mrs. Otto Richardson, formerly Miss Bessie Young, whose husband gave away his entire grocery stock to flood victims and a number of other people well known locally. The victims were sent to various homes early this morning.
Forced Up On Roof
The following story told by Mrs. Mary Watkins and daughter, Hazel, who are with Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Babcock:
"When we heard that the water was rising, we did not pay much attention to it, as our house stands high and has never been flooded. The water got higher and higher, and we were forced to move upstairs, and on Tuesday morning had to climb up on the roof. Under any other circumstances I would have thought it an impossible climb for me. Several boats passed us, but were full. One boat had two men in, but they paid no attention to our cries for help and went on joy riding. Tuesday evening we were taken to a place on Fifth street, but could get nothing to eat there, and were taken to the Elmwood school house. We had water at first from the school house, which we used for drinking, but this soon gave out and we had to depend on what was brought from outside.. At first we tried to keep clean, and washed ourselves in the snow which lay on the window sills, but the snow was soon used up. When food was passed in, it was first given to the babies, who were crying from hunger. We got mostly sandwiches in our building. We heard there were beans and other things, but got none. On Thursday we heard that all the women who did not leave the city would be forced out, so when the men came in boats after us, we went with them. The cold was unbearable. We had no fires and most of us were wet and dirty. I think most of the deaths reported are false. If a husband or brother could not be found, it was at once concluded they were drowned. In most cases the lost ones appeared after a short time. I am very thankful to Mr. and Mrs. Babcock, who have been very kind to us."
First Saved
Charles Slusser and wife who live on Canal street were among the first for help. Cook in a boat was rowing past the house which was deep in water to the second floor, when Slusser called for help. [sic] He with his wife, who is an invalid, was lifted into a boat and taken to safety. Mrs. Slusser is a sister of Mrs. Charley Morris, of this city.
A Terrible Experience
William Lenz and wife who are now staying at the home of Mrs. Myrtle Henderson, recite an exciting account of the escape. The Lenzs live on north Wayne street in Peru, where the water was 11 feet deep. When the water got up as high as the first floor they were told by their neighbvors not to become alarmed as the water would not go any higher. They went to bed up stairs and were awakened about two o'clock by the swirl of water around the front porch. They got up and remained in one room until the next day at two o'clock. They were compelled to get out on top of the roof where they were rescued. Mr. Lenz said that it was one of the worst experience that he ever went through. His wife was hardly able to stand the strain.
All Hope Gone
To have to remain in one room and watch the water steadily rise with no hope of assistance near and with death by drowing a seeming inevitable fate, the conditions surrounding John Roher in Peru Tuesday night. He lived in a small cottage on Washington street. The water came up into the kitchen and he climbed on the range stove. The water continued to rise and he placed a box on the stove. He was finally compelled to plunge into seven feet of wate and swim to a two story house across the street. He said he did not know that he could swim until compelled to.
A man with children living on Washington street whose name is unknown swam with two small children strapped to his back to safety.
It is estimated that 25 boats were lost in the swift waters by unexperienced boatmen. They capsized when they attempted to cross a street where the two currents meet forming an eddy.
__________

Bulletin
About seven refugees arrived from Peru at 4:30 p.m.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

PERUVIANS NOW IN ROCHESTER
Mrs. Larkin Lease, 452 E. Second St. Gene Coplen
Vernice Leese, 452 E. Second St. Gene Coplen
Mrs. Simpkins Jim Wilkinson
Robert Phillabaum, 68 Columbia Ave Grand Hotel
Mr. & Mrs. Ralph Johnson, 324 Columbia Ave Grand Hotel
W. T. Chapel and wife Grand Hotel
Mr. & Mrs. George Price, Monroe Ave. Val Zimmerman
Fred Clark and wife and two children, 12 Carbon Ave. Chas. Richmond
Mrs. Anderson Joe Heffelfinger
W. W. Holman and wife, May and Monroe Sts. Chas. See
W. E. Spencer and wife, 12 Washington St. Chas. See
Jas. and Nancy Wray Grand Hotel
Mr. and Mrs. William Weplerr and son, 45 E. Adams Ave. Ed. Murphy
Mr. and Mrs.Albert Ritzman, 416 E. 6th St. E. B. Cook
Mr. and Mrs. E. S. Brown and daughter, 114 E. Van Buren Val Zimmerman
S. O. Bigley, 336 E. 6th St. Bruce Love
Emery Gordon, 820 Meriden St. A. W. Bitters
Hilda Watters, 25 Loveland St. Boyd Bidwell
John Roher, 60 Washington St. Grand Hotel
Elizabeth Graft, 58 Columbia Ave. H. A. Fristoe
Henry Motor, wife and four children J. E. Beyer
Estil Ward, 45 E. 5th St. W. H. Ward
Leota Ward, 45 E. 5th St. W. H. Ward
Lola Ward 45 E. 5th St. W. H. Ward
Nannie Ward, 45 E. 5th St. W. H. Ward
Jessie Replogle, 135 E. 5th St. Frank Louderback
Mrs. Mabel Sausaman, 163 Boulevard Frank Louderback
Lola Replogle, 135 E. 5th St. Frank Louderback
Nina Aikman, 45 E. Washington St. Harry Chamberlain
Paul Aikman, 45 E. Washington St. Harry Chamberlain
Rena Showalter, 25 E. Washington Ave. Harry Chamberlain
Mrs. Mabel Aikman, 52 E. Washington Ave P. J. Stingley
Sarah E. Showalter, 52 E. Washington Ave. P. J. Stingley
LaMayne Aikman, 3 months old P. J. Stingley
Miss Elizabeth Graft Mrs. Steen
Mrs. Watkins and daughter A. E. Babcock
Ed. Ayers, 152 E. Canal Jim Coplen
Edna and Jessie D. Ayers, 152 Canal St. Jim Coplen
Mrs. E. C. Porter John West
Mrs. Linn, Miss Freda Linn, Miss Vera Wood John West
Mrs. Cleo Anderson, 230 E. 3rd. Joe Heffelfinger
Robert Neal, 63 E. 10th. Grand Hotel
Mr. and Mrs. E.S. Hardin and family, 337 Euclid Ave. Mrs. Bell
Mr. and Mrs. D.E. Whitcomb and son, 326 E. 6th Bruce Love
S. O. Bigley and Ray Garnahan,166 E. 6th. C. Viers
Jesse Shriver Zene Mow
C. M. Mennich and wife, 54 Columbia Ave. R. B. Hendrickson
Mrs. Laura Graft H. H. Fristoe
Catherine Sauserman and two children Ed Vawter
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Collins Clark Enyart
Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Petty George Black\
Miss Zoe Lawrence C. K. Bitters
Herbert Philabaum C. K. Bitters
Mrs. Louise Kling, Martha and George N. R. Stoner
Mrs. F. C. Kling Albert Smith
Mrs. M. L. Ray Albert Smith
J. R. Smith and family H. J. Thompson
W. B. Loomis and wife H. J. Thompson
O. G. Bird, wife and child Sam Arter
Chas. Harris Grand Hotel
Roy Ginger Robert J. Osborn
Helen Watters Hospital
Mrs. Aaron Berger and two children Rev. F. C. Moon
Mr. and Mrs. Chester and two children, 424 E. Second John Swartwood
Wm. F. Murphy, 201 E. Second John Swartwood
Wm. D. Mathews Earl Wicks
Mrs. C. Gray Earl Wicks
William Lenz and wife Mrs.Myrtle Henderson
W. C. Bailey H. A. Barnhart
Linus Bailey H. A. Barnhart
Mr. and Mrs. H. S. Bailey H. A. Barnhart
Mrs. Oren Shult and son H. A. Barnhart
Mr. and Mrs. Jno. B. Potts D. O. Wallace
Geo Zabst George Wallace
Mrs. Lillian Guslin and daughter, 432 E. 2nd St. Chas. Downs
Mrs. Geo Clay and two daughters, 476 E. 2nd St. Chas. Downs
Mrs. J. N. Carter and three children, Washington D. C. J. C. Werner
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

LOGANSPORT IN WATER; MANY DEAD
The road conditions in Logansport are unparalleled in the history of that city according to Harry Norris who arrived here this morning after being marooned three days. All but two of the bridges are washed away and it is estimated that between 20 and 30 people are drowned.
The city was covered with water yesterday to the depth of five feet. The Chicago Naval Reserves and the Culver cadets saved the many hundreds caught in their homes by the raising water.
Mr. Norris, who brought the first news from the inundated city, said that he stood Thursday near one of the remaining bridges and saw houses, barns, pianos and threes jammed up against where they had been carried by the swirling waters.
Martial Law
They have declared martial law in Logansport and have sworn in 75 men as deputy officers. The saloons are closed. Chicago, South Bend and other cities have shipped train loads of suplies. The water receded today and a correct list of the dead will soon be found.
One man, Larkin Maxwell, a street car conductor was drowned and his body recovered.
For three days Logansport has had but one wire out of the city. All railroad trains except the Vandalia ceased to run since Monday night.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

ANOTHER RELIEF TRAIN GOES SOUTH
Another of the relief trains sent to Peru from Rochester pulled out of the station about 1:30 today, carrying besides three car loads of provisions from Huntington, a committee in charge of 50 local men who will assist in the work necessary in the stricken city and make arrangements to assemble and ship back the launches, row boats, cans, etc., which were sent from Rochester during the past three days.
This body was headed by Ike Wile and several others and was composed of men ready to work. It is thought that there are yet many tasks ahead of the men in south Peru and an attempt was to be made to cross the river this afternoon. There are others in Peru who are to be relieved.
Included in the supplies taken by the Huntington committee were 120 gallons of pasteurized milk which they purchased from the local committee at cost. The money realized will be expended in some other line of relief.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

RELIEF FUND BELIEVED NEAR TOTAL OF $2,000
Rochester's relief fund given for Peru now totals in the neighborhood of $1,300, and contributions are continuing to pour in. Considering the amount of food and clothing donated, it is safe to say the city has given fully $2,000. The following is a list of the latest contributions: - - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

CLEVENGER A HERO
Alexander Clevenger, formerly of Rochester, carried his wife and three children on his back through water waist deep to the Miami County court house. Then he secured a row boat and rescued a neighbor and her infant . On the way to the court house the boat was crushed by a telephone pole, the woman grabbed some wires and kept afloat until Clevenger reached her. The child was lost.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

[EDITORIALS]
MEETING AN EMERGENCY
The apparent failure of the Lake Erie and Western railroad to rise to the occasion in the instance of the flood which has devastated one of the best cities on its entire right-of-way, is today the subject of much unfavorable comment, upon the part of men who have had to do with the work of rescue and relief.
While it is true that the Lake Erie and the Winona lines are the only railroads transporting people to and from Peru, and while it is reported that the great bulk of the system's employes have been called elsewhere to assist in the work of averting greater catastrophes, the fact still remains that only feeble efforts have been made by the New York Central lines to alleviate the suffering in the city to the south of Rochester.
Four days have passed since the situation reached a crisis and little or no extra equipment has been placed at the service of the victims of the deluge. When Johnstown, Pa., was stricken, the Pennsylvania not only placed more trains than could be used at the disposal of the relief committees, but also gave a million dollars to the fund for the victims of the city.
Not so, the New York Central.
The only trains which have been used by the committees at work here, are the remnants of the regular trains which were caught north of the Wabash when the waters rose. Fortunate indeed it is that all of the trains were not south of Peru at that time. Not only inadequate equipment, but also delay have been the cause of complaint. Connection with the Lake Shore has at no time been broken. Two locomotives and a half dozen cars would have proven invaluable during the past few days. Then trains might have run almost hourly, and patrons in cities north need not have been neglected.
The bottom of the trouble seems to be a lack of exercise of executive power. Within the flooded city itself resides a superintendent of the division, but it is understood that he was practically powerless. The heads of the system have had ample time to learn the conditions in this part of Indiana. They have failed to act when their help was most needed. It is such actions that prejudice the people against corporations. There may be some excellent reason why better relief has not been afforded on the L. E. & W. branch of the New York Central lines, and if there is, the public wants to be "shown."
__________

In handling the news stories connected with the floods in Peru and surrounding territory, the Sentinel has made an effort to place every fact before the public in as true a light as possible. While city papers were using flaring headlines to tell of the 200 dead, the Sentinel has insisted that the loss of life is small. Latest reports seem to substantiate this belief. It has been impossible to record every incident attached to the catastrophe, and many deserving mention for their work, not only at Peru, but in Rochester, have not been in print. This, however, does not detract from the credit which is theirs and the Sentinel joins with the public in praising all connected with the relief work.
__________

The spirit manifested Thursday night by heads of Rochester homes is truly commendable. Utter strangers, victims of the flood ravages, were taken into the best domiciles in the city all in the spirit which has prompted the entire relief movement. The work has not been finished; neither is the city done with the work of extending the helping hand. Rochester can be depended upon to meet the emergency.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

HUNTINGTON SENDING RELIEF
Among the many cities now rushing to the relief of Peru, is Huntington, which is itself just recovering from the effects of the flood. A car in charge of Dr. M. H. Thomas, Wm. Runyan and R. Miller, arrived here at two o'clock this morning, and was sent to Peru today on the first train.
This was the second of three cars sent out by Huntington, where a fund of $1,000 has been raised. The first went down on the Wabash railroad, but did not arrive at the edge of Peru until late last night. The second came to Rochester via the Erie and would have arrived in Peru last night, had it not been that there was a delay at Bippus, occasioned by a break down and the Lake Erie south last night was missed. The third car carrying a big supply of milk and a number of doctors was also sent down today.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]
REFUGEES ARE IN NEED OF CLOTHES; GIFTS WELCOMED
Aroused by the stories of the few clothes worn by a number of the refugees who are now in the city, the women of the various churches have been placed in charge of that end of the relief work, and today were busily engaged in seeing that all victims were properly clothed.
A baby taken to the home of H. H. Thompson last night was clad only in its night clothes, and wrapped in a blanket. Another girl who went to the same home had few more garments and many other instances of scarcity of clothing were reported. At the suggestion of Rev. A. J. Kruwel, the list was divided and parts given to various church women, who at once began the work.
A supply of clothing has already been donated, but much more will probably be needed and will be welcomed at either bank.
__________

Attention
More money and provisions are needed by the Rochester Relief Committee if the bills incident to the work being done at Peru, are to be met. Contributions will be rceived at either bank or at this office. There must be more financial aid.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

REFUGEES FAINT IN COURT HOUSE
One of the pitiful aspects of the flood was placed before the crowd which gathered at the court house Thursday night, when the refugees were being registered and sent to their homes. A young woman, ill when taken from the train, suddenly swooned and fainted in the clerk's office. She was Miss Helen Watters, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Watters, 25 Loveland Ave. She with one other was moved to the hospital in the ambulance.
Her sister Hilda, who accompanied her here, said this morning, that their sister, Mildred, had died Thursday morning of pneumonia brought about by exposure, while being taken to the Peru hospital in a boat, and that Helen had been overcome by the incident. One of the women who traveled in the same car with the sisters said that Helen had been in a faint most of the way here. The father, James Watters, is in a school house in Peru, and the mother is being cared for in the hospital.
Taken To Hospital
Mrs. Mary Stoops was taken to Woodlawn from the train in the ambulance. She was suffering from exposure, which might turn into pneumonia. She spent a fairly good night and was better this morning.
Ray Carnahan, 366 E. 6th street, who remained over night at the home of Bruce Love is badly crippled as a result of working for two days in the water, his feet covered with soaked shoes. His ankles refused to serve him last night, but he was improved this morning and was about down town.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

CHAOS FOLLOWS TERRIBLE FLOOD
Peru, Ind., March 28 -- Who is dead? Have you seen or heard anything of my mother or brother? I wonder if the Jones are alive? Are the questions that are being asked on every hand today. No one seems to know anything concerning the whereabouts of their closest neighbors. In the turmoil following the flood, many families were separated and the men today are trying to find their loved ones. It will be weeks before the correct list of the missing can be made out, as it is thought that several bodies were washed down the Wabash.
Loss Growing
The property loss is growing every hour. Many men will be ruined, and the savings of a lifetime gone. No one carried insurance that would cover loss by water.
The loss of property in South Peru and Oakdale, where the factory workers live, will be enormous. Their little homes are completely ruined. Many who owned their homes as the result of years of savings, lost all, as hundreds of the smaller houses were carried down the Wabash.
Groceries Ruined
The Peru Wholesale Grocery Co., located near the Lake Erie depot will be unable to fill orders for several weeks as the water in their houses was eight feet deep. Thousands of dollars worth of sugar, coffee, tea, spices, and perishable goods were completely ruined.
The Boston Store owned by Samuel Flox who formerly operated a store in Rochester will lose $20,000. He had just received his new spring stock. The water in his store was eight feet deep. He carried no insurance.
The loss to the Wallace shows will total $100,000. Many of his valuable animals were drowned and the farm buildings where the stock was kept were damaged beyond repair.
Everyone in the city, poor and rich, lost much of their entire property.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

ROCHESTER REPORTED FLOODED
The following story taken from a Chicago daily shows conclusively that a certain Mr. Searfoss or the reporter who interviewd him had his wires and geography badly crossed:
James Searfoss, electrician, of Wabash, Ind., arrived in Chicago from the flood scene, bringing confirmation of the report of loss of life at Rochester, Peru, Marion and Wabash, Ind.
"At least fifty persons were killed in each of these towns," said Mr. Searfoss. "I left my home in Wabash yesterday and arrived in LaPorte last night. Rumors of flood trouble down around my part of the country caused me to call up my father, who lives in Rochester
"He told me the Wabash river had surged over its banks and was rapidly eating its way to the Pennsylvania tracks. He said the water swirled through the streets of Rochester and poured into houses. Folks were fleeing by every possible means -- boats and rafts, doors and furniture. Rochester is a town of 20,000 population and hundreds fled to the railroad station as the water was about to cut off their escape.
"All of the towns are under water. Human bodies were seen floating down streets, with those of horses, cattle and the like."
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

J. E. Beyer's scheme of keeping coffee hot, that of putting hot coffee in milk cans and the cans in tubs, packed around with sawdust, did its work in spite of the delay of the relief train. The cofree was sent down Wednesday night and was to have been used at once, but owing to the delay in trains, the cans were not opened until late in the morning. It was found, however, that the coffee was still too hot to drink.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 28, 1913]

CONDITIONS IN PERU NEAR NORMAL
FLOOD VICTIMS MAY NUMBER TWELVE
By Staff Correspondent.
Peru, Ind., March 30 -- According to the latest estimates, which are conservative, at least twelve people lost their lives in the rush of water that overwhelmed this city. The bodies of the following people have been found:
Bert Smith, railroad man, drowned in South Peru.
Red Mays, C. and O. Conductor, Canal St.
Unidentified man, factory worker, drowned in South Peru.
Mrs. George Hosteter, died of heart failure after being rescued.
Mrs. Cimps [?], heart failure, found in home.
The following people are missing:
Mr. and Mrs. Sheets, colored, of South Peru.
Mrs. Fannie Hurst, of South Peru.
The whereabouts of Mrs. Rose Stetler is uncertain, but it is reported that she is safe. Mrs. Stetler is a sister of Mrs. Fred Kirkendall, of Rochester.

Bulletin
Peru, Ind., March 29 -- The following bulletin was published in Peru this morning and distributed about the city:
Dry land is becoming more plentiful and boats are now needed only in remote sections. South Peru was reached in safety this morning, the Michigan City life saving crew established a ferry across at South Tippecanoe street. Conditions over there are mighty fine, as relief from southern cities, Kokomo, Converse and Marion, contributing liberally and there has been plenty of food and fuel at all times. The old brewery buildings, the school and Joel Barnhart's mansion are places of refuge and the people are well. Mr. and Mrs. Levi Shrock are both alive, notwithstanding reports to the contrary. Don Coppock and family are out among the farmers south of town.
Wallace's winter quarters suffered big loss of animals, eight elephants being among the dead there.
The city water was turned on at noon today, but should be boiled.
Supt. Kruger says that he may get the electric light plant in shape for use by the middle of next week. The gas may be turned on tonight. Be careful to protect any fires, as the pipes have breaks in them.
More provisions and clothing came in today from several cities north. These donations will be properly and gratefully acknowledged later by the relief committee.
Protect your home. Don't pry around your neighbor's house, as the patrolmen may mistake you for a burglar and shoot.
Get the water out of your cellar as quickly as possible. Notify the police where there are dead animals. Keep clean, and do not send out invitations to friends to come in, as they are not wanted.
The first mail train over the C. & O. went north this afternoon at 2 o'clock. The Lake Erie is taking people out of town but will not bring anyone in.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

MESSAGE OF THANKS
(By telephone to Mayor Smith)
Above everybody else, Peru is grateful to Rochester. I don't believe that our people know there were such benefactors on earch, nor do I know how we are going to show our appreciation. May there come a time when we shall have a chance to reciprocate, but not in a like manner. This is the message I want to send to the citizens of Rochester from those whom they aided so nobly and so timely. They were our salvation. -- J. J. Krutzer, Mayor.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

OFFER TO AID NEEDY ROCHESTER
"You are authorized to draw on the Porter Lodge for $100, on account relief. -- Porter Lodge Masons No. 137."
The above telegram addressed to the local Masonic lodge, No. 79, was received this morning from Valparaiso, evidently as a result of the stories published in Chicago papers to the effect that Rochester was also flooded.
A copy of Friday's Sentinel explaining the story carried earlier in the week in Chicago dailies, and a vote of thanks were sent as an answer to the message. There was no lack of appreciation.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

TELEPHONE GIRLS OVERWHELMED
The operators at the local telephone exchange have worked harder during the last four days than ever before in the history of the company. Everybody has been trying to get some information concerning relatives in Peru or Logansport. The company requested the public, Friday, to refrain from using the lines any more than was absolutely necessary.
The local telegraph office has received and sent over 1,000 telegrams in the last few days.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

MORE DONATIONS
Through an error, the Sentinel Friday stated that the barbers' union had given $5.00 to the relief fund. The name should have read Painters union. The Standard Oil Co. contributed 180 gallons of gasoline to the work. I. Alexander gave $5 and A. T. Bitters $3.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

CLEANSING WILL COST CITY $20,000
That it will cost $20,000 to clean up Peru and further information on action to be taken there was given in a telephone message to Mayor Smith from Rev. I. D. Kruwel late Friday night. Rev. Kruwel has been in close touch with the committee in charge of the stricken city.
He stated that Peru authorities had asked for a complete list of refugees now housed in Rochester, in order that it might be published in the Journal which will resume publication tonight. He declared that there was no present need for food, but that clothing was needed, and that it would be distributed by a woman's committee in that city.
More Deaths
Mr. Kruwel said that two more deaths had been found in a field after the water had receded, but that they were not yet identified, and also that a C. and O. brakeman named Kellog and an L. E. and W. fireman named Friend were drowned Thursday evening in an attempt to reach the L. E. and W. bridge.
Peru, according to Mr. Kruwel, wants a list of all Rochester boatmen who took part in the rescue work. No more men were needed at the present time.
Sediment Is Filthy
He declared that the conditions of the streets and homes was almost indescribable, so filthy and dirty was the sediment deposited. Dead animals, many of them in homes, are among the many disagreeable features of the present situation. There are no disease epidemics. The city had no contagious diseases before the waters came.
Both Hats asked for were sent down this morning.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

"TID" KNIGHT IS STILL ALIVE;
IS ACCLAIMED A REAL HERO
At the head of the list of heroes who kept down the death list in Peru, is to be placed the name of "Tid" Knight, of this city, who is now lying seriously ill in a home in south Peru, where he was taken after lying for six hours, covered with ice and snow, on the roof of a home, after being thrown into the torrent when the boat containing Dr. W. A. Huff and himself was upset Tuesday night. Dr. Huff was also rescued and now lies at the point of death with pneumonia in a south Peru home.
As first published in the Sentinel, Dr. Huff, Tuesday afternoon, asked for a man to take him to south Peru, where his mother-in-law lay dead with a seven year old girl as the only watcher at the bier. Knight volunteered and the two made the perilous trip in safety. After relieving the little girl, the two men engaged in rescue work, and proceeded safely until about midnight, when their boat was upset. Knight clung to a roof and the doctor to the branches of a tree for six hours, until day light came, when they were taken unconscious to a home on the hills, south of the city.
Brought To
Hard work was necessary to bring them to. Doctors gave them much attention and a trained nurse was placed in charge. They will be moved to the hospital as soon as their conditions will permit. Knight being a man who has spent most of his life out of doors, has a much better chance for recovery.
John Hoover, John Stanley and Jesse Chamberlain crossed the river Friday morning to see "Tid." On the way over, they broke an oar, but made the trip safely, because they had a four oared boat. Their visit was short as they returned to catch the evening train for Rochester.
Returns To Scene
Charles Knight, a brother of the sick man, who also did heroic work in Peru, returned to the scene today to assist the government men in their search for bodies. It is estimated that the Knight boys together rescued more than 300 persons.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

RIFLES WILL BE USED TO KEEP VISITORS OUT
__________

Bulletin
Peru, Ind., March 29 -- Every train is being met with guns and no one is allowed to pass. We took 50 men from No. 19 to jail, and others that come in will be arrested and confined in court house. -- Mayor Krutzer.
__________

According to word received here today, an embargo on visitors has been placed by Peru. Mayor Krutzer sent the word, and as a result it was rumored that the Lake Erie trains would compel all south bound passengers to alight at Denver. Means will be taken at Peru to prevent the entrance of visitors. This embargo has hit Peru people who are away from home, and all strangers, alike.
A train went south at 8:20 this morning, but only stopped to take mail. It was made up of two coaches filled with section men, who went to repair the road, the three cars of provisions, two from Bourbon and one from Valparaiso. The baggage car contained 26 mattresses from South Bend. There were many men anxious to get on, but were barred. The men were very angry when they heard the report and declared their intention to enter the city in some way, as they wished to care for their property.
Disappointment Great
Val Zimmerman wished to help the almost helpless people to return to their homes, had the names of twenty, and went to the depot to buy tickets for them. After arranging for them, and telling the people they could go, he was forced to tell them they would have to remain here, as they refused to sell tickets to Peru.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

DENIES PERU IS NOT GRATEFUL
"The people of Peru, as a whole," said A. C. Davisson, who has returned after a two days stay in that city, "are as grateful as possible for the aid extended them by Rochester. Stories regarding 'hold up' in prices may be true, but they are simply individual cases and do not express the real sentiment over there. The real heads are co-operating with us in every manner possible, and there is no clashing of any kind. A clerk sold us 10 cent hose for 50 cents, but I think he simply seized a chance to 'knock down' some money.
"M. P. Deniston, superintendent of the L. E. and W." continued Mr. Davisson, "out did himself in arranging to get our cars down to the depot Friday afternoon. They were pushed through the water, in some places four feet deep. At the depot, we unloaded the food and transferred it to the court house, where the Peru men took it in charge."
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

REFUGEES IN CITY NOW NUMBER 250
The number of refugees now in Rochester has been increased well past the 200 mark by the arrivals of the past two days. It is estimated that fully 250 Peruvians are now housed in Rochester, but it is thought that this number will not be increased much, as the people whose homes were not totally destroyed by the flood are anxious to return and look after their property.
Many of the homeless are thrown entirely upon the mercy of Rochester, and until provision can be made for their care in Peru, it is doubtful whether they can return. Because of the embargo which now seems to exist in the city, they probably could not enter any way.
More Trains Arrive
A relief train arrived from Peru yesterday afternoon about 4:30 bringing approximately 25 refugees who were at once taken in charge and placed in various homes. Two more trains from the south arrived later Friday night. The first which arrived at 6:30, brought about 20 refugees and a number of Rochester men who had gone down earlier in the day. There were also a number of Peru people who went on, having friends in cities farther north.
Heroes Home
On the second train, which arrived at 9:30, came the most of the Rochester heroes who have been in Peru for several days. Among them were John Standley, John Hoover, Chas. Knight, A. C. Davisson and others. Most of them were wet and cold and lost no time in going to their homes.
The list of refugees will be found elsewhere in this issue.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

NOTED PHYSICIAN WILL AID LOGANSPORT VICTIMS
Logansport, Ind., march 29. -- Dr. W. A. Evans, health editor of The Chicago Tribune and former health commissioner of Chicago, arrived in Logansport tonight with a quantity of sanitary supplies that had been brought in on a special car furnished by the Pennsylvania railroad.
Dr. Evans held a conference with local health authorities, at which a policy of sanitation was discussed with a view to preventing epidemics incident to the flood.
The local physicians have a good organization, and are fighting hard to overcome unwholesome conditions. Dr. Evans is here at the request of Dr. J. M. Hurty, Indiana's state health commissioner.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

GAME PROCEEDS TO PERU RELIEF FUND
The proceeds of the Rochester-Huntington basket ball game, which was won by the former five, amounting in all to about $65, has been placed in the hands of Rochester school authorities to be used in relief work at Peru. This is probably the largest single cash donation to date.
The score of the game was 19 to 13, with the black and gold on the big end, despite the fact that Huntington led seven to six at the end of the first half. There was a big crowd, and the work of the official was satisfactory. The contest was slow, and Rochester did not extend any to win.
Kirkendall, Suman, Hoover, Davisson, Castleman and Ginther made the trip, accompanied by Prof. Johnson and Mrs. Johnson, who remained over the week end with a realtive.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

RELIEF FUND GROWING;
CLOTHES TO LOGANSPORT
Money is still being donated to the relief work, and though the community has not had time to check up, it is estimated that the total amount donated is between $1,500 and $1,800.
The committee has decided to send the clothes now on hand to Logansport, as Peru has all she needs. Early this morning there were 17 car loads of provisions in Peru, which had not been used and six more on the way.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

"I. L. Brown wishes his wife to know that he is safe." This message shouted at a Rochester man from a window as he was leaving Peru yesterday. It is not known that Mrs. Brown is in this city.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

UNIQUE DONATION TO FUND
A unique contribution to the Rochester relief fund was made Friday in the shape of a certificate of deposit for the sum of $33.55, which had been placed in the Indiana Bank and Trust Co., more than two years ago by Mrs. Wm. Zellers, Mrs. A. W. Bitters, Mrs. John J. Hill, and Mrs. J. M. Quigg.
This amount was raised by these women at the time of the death of Laura Shields for the relief of the Shields family, but was refused by them. Since then, it has lain in the bank. There was $2 interest due on the amount, making in all $35.55, one of the largest single contributions to the relief fund.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1913]

LIST OF DEAD IS REDUCED
Peru, Ind., March 31 -- Peru today began the gigantic task of cleaning up after the most disastrous flood in the history of the state. The number of the deceased is placed at nine. They are:
A. Beltz
Mrs. Lucille STUM.
Delight Shields, relative of Tom Levett.
"Red" May, C. & O. conductor.
Benjamin York, Civil war veteran.
Albert Smith.
Mrs. J. Hosman.
- - - - - Friend, C. & O. employe.
Peter Kellogg.
The Missing:
C. E. Oiler.
Eddie Oiler.
The bodies of Kellog and one unidentified man are being held at Logansport.
Logansport, Ind., March 31 -- Only two men lost their lives here. 5,000 people are homeless. Money is needed. Local authorities fear disease. The state militia is in charge.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

NO MARTIAL LAW
Special to Sentinel.
Peru, Ind., March 31 -- Martial law has not been declared at any time.
There are soldiers in South Peru, assisting in the work there, but they are volunteers from Kokomo. No state troops have been here at any time. There is no looting or robbery. A number of men have been deputized in Peru to assist the officers in maintaining order. The men arrested Saturday night, about 30 in number, were ment back north. [sic] Only one claimed to be from Rochester. Property owners are urged to return and look after their possessions.
There is plenty of food and clothing on hand, three car loads of the latter having arrived Sunday. Food is stored everywhere. Money is still needed. The threatened disease epidemics are being constantly watched. The various stores are gradually beginning to do business.
Gas is On
The gas was turned on Sunday afternoon, the water has been on for some days, and the electricity is promised Wednesday. The Journal and the Chronicle will resume publication tonight. The fire department is at work pumping water out of cellars. The rain Sunday night did little or no harm.
The property loss will run far into the millions, according to today's estimate. The greatest damage appears to have been done in South Peru, where numerous homes are entirely swept away, and where much water still remains. There is water in East Peru and Oakdale, but it is due to the fact that the ground is low and that there is no drainage there.
__________

Logansport, Ind., March 31 -- The West Side, once one of the fairest sections of the city, is today in ruin. Here it is that the workmen of the city live. The houses, most of them owned by the people that live in them, represented the savings of a life time.
Everything is topsy turvy. Furniture is nothing more than junk. Pianos are found with pedals in the air, davenports standing on end, chairs are hanging from chandeliers, and pictures lie with face toward the floor. The force of the water is shown by the great amount of broken furniture. Beds have been reduced to kindling wood. Carpets and rugs are worthless rags, and lace curtains no longer have any resemblance of former self.
Militia Arrives
Two companies of state militia arrived in Logansport Friday evening, and will have entire charge of the situation. Several looters were caught Saturday and placed in jail.
The water in the Wabash river is falling rapidly, and the abutments of the Third street bridge are now plainly visible.
Big forces of men are put to work this morning cleaning up the Panhandle shops. These were completely inundated by the flood, and much damage was sustained.
A great pile of lumber and poles has been found on Bates street, between the Vandalia and Pennsylvania tracks, and today they were found to be sections of the seats of the Wallace circus and tent poles. There are also a couple of wagons in the same vicinity.
Logansport Sunday was overrun with many visitors sightseeing. Seemingly the whole Cass county was there. Many of them brought food supplies with them which they left at the relief station and then went out and viewed the damage which had been done by the flood.
The city has been unable to secure men and teams to assist in cleaning away the debris left from the flood, and despite the fact that an attempt has been made to secure all former employes of the city, the officers have been unable to secure enough help.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

IN HUNTINGTON COUNTY
County Commissioner Jacob Volmer said that loss in Huntington county would reach somewhere between $50,000 and $100,000.
Mr. Volmer said: "I a bitterly opposed to cement bridges. When the water gets high and the great columns of water strikes against the tops of bridges they are bound to go. In an iron structure the water has a chance to get through and the strain is not so great. The more I watch the cement bridges the more I am against them."
The county will not have sufficient money in the treasury to make the repairs which will become necessary. The county will be compelled to borrow from $25,000 to $50,000. Whatever the amount is will have to be met by levy next year.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

RAILROADS SUFFER
The southwestern section of Ohio and southern Indiana are without railroad communication to the east and all through trains that generally pass through this territory are detoured via Chicago. It is conceded to be the worst railroad tie-up in the history of this section and the loss is estimated at $50,000,000.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

LOST LIFE TO SAVE ANOTHER
According to H. Wiles of South Bend, "Red" Mays lost his life Wednesday in Peru, in attempting to rescue Wile's mother-in-law and two other women.
Mays body was found tangled in a wire fence on Canal street where it had sunk when the boat capsized. He had, according to eye witnesses, been active in rescue work all day Wednesday and made his last trip from the home of H. Wile's mother-in-law, whose name is unknown. She is a woman weighing 300 pounds and after he got her in the boat with two other women, the craft upset. The women were saved by a passing boat, but Mays sank and never came up.
His body was found Saturday in the same place where he lost his life that others might live.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

ERIE RESUMES ITS SCHEDULE
The first Erie train from New York City to pass through Rochester since a week ago today, arrived here about six o'clock Sunday evening, having left Gotham Friday night. It was No. 7, due here at 5:25 Sunday morning, kbut vecause of delay was placed on the 3's schedule. Three is due here at 3:15 p.m.
The Erie train which was reported last, has also been found and is now in Chicago. It had been detoured over some east and west road north of here, in as much as the Erie tracks in western Ohio and Eastern Indiana were impassable. The bridge at Decatur Ind. held, but it is understood that about 600 feet of the track on each side of the span were washed away. There was trouble in Ohio also, compelling the Erie to detour all through trains.
This is the reason none has been in Rochester during the past week, but it is hoped that the regular schedule was returned today.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]
WARNING
On account of the present flood conditions throughout the state, the necessity of boiling all water used for drinking purposes is most urgent. This applies equally to all public water supplies and to all wells. Helath officers are requested and urged to use their utmost endeavor to impress upon the people of their communities the importance of this precaution. Boil all water used for drink, no matter what the source, not only while present flood conditions prevail, but afterwards, and until assured the water is safe. A widespread outbreak and epidemic of typhoid and diarrheal diseases are sure to follow in the wake of the flood unless this precaution is strictly observed. -- Indiana State Board of Health.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

RELIEF FUND $1,400; REFUGEES GO HOME
The total donations to the Peru relief fund to date is $1,388.90, but Roy Deniston, who has charge of the money and is attending to the payment of all bills, thinks the amount will barely cover the debts incurred by the relief committee.
New items were added to the debit side, this morning, when 32 refugees were sent back to Peru, which, at 50 cents each, makes $16.00. A number of meat and food bills were presented this morning, and $540 was checked out to pay them.
There will be more people sent back to Peru, small bills for lodging, food, and what will be one of the largest items, the goods, boats and among which are the boats which were taken to Peru and which will never be returned.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

HIS EXPERIENCE WAS A THRILLER
Upon Monday of last week, March 24, we retired at bed time, at our home, 36 E. Washington Ave., without any fear for ourselves or neighbors. Nevertheless we realized the river had begun to overflow its banks and that some water was making its way in North Peru. At one o'clock we were awakened by a noise of water and people talking. Upon rising we found our cottage surrounded by water, although some ground was visible in our neighbor's yard. Not thinking the water would enter the house, I concluded some coal must be brought in. My first trip to the coal shed at the back of the lot, brought me in water to my knees, the third trip to my waist and then I made up my mind it was time to vacate our place. The three babies were awakened and dressed, the rugs and clothing, dresser drawers and small pieces of furniture were elevated to the table tops. When this was finished, the unwelcomed visior began making its way through the floor. I then carried the children through water waist deep in the front yard to my neighbors, who owned a two story house. I then returned for my wife. After seeing them safely up stairs, I returned for a few things and found water about six inches in the house. No sooner had I returned when someone called out "Who knows anything about old Mrs. Guinnup?" This was an old lady living about three doors from us by herself, about 80 years old. Nobody seemed anxious to go, so I made up my mind to find out. I waded the icy water to my waist, rapped on the door, with no response, and upon going to the rear door I almost went under in the water. I found the porch, smashed the door and found the poor old lady in bed, unaware of her danger.
Carried Old Woman
She hastened to dress, but the water was fast pouring into her house. We went to the front and the hardest job of my life was shouldering that almost helpless woman and carrying her almost one-half square, but I succeeded. Although there was water almost to my knees in our neighbor's house, we hugged the soft coal burner up stairs, thus being able to keep warm.
We retired to rest and wait for daylight and results. After two or three very long hours it came and with it about three feet of water in the house and was raising four or five inches an hour, which indeed was not pleasant to behold. All day we called for help and about 5:30 Tuesday evening made our escape from the porch roof by means of a rope and boat.
More Rescued
We were taken to the home of Mrs. Seines, on the boulevard, the house being on high ground. Here we were found by Joe Hefflefinger Wednesday about two p.m. It was then cold and snowing. We made a dangerous, but safe trip to the L. E. & W. railroad, but was compelled upon arriving to remain in a cold box car. Two of the children were suffering from cold. My wife's feet were nearly frozen. Seeing this would not do, for no telling how soon the train would come. Mr. Heffelfinger went to find a way of escape. He covered the distance of a mile in about ten minutes, running every step of the way and found a good hearted farmer boy ready to take us to Denver. This was the worst we experienced. My oldest child, past four, came near freezing her feet and of course no springs on the wagon with rough roads, snow and severe cold. We were compelled to suffer patiently until we rolled into Denver, where we were treated as a King and Queen. Heavy capes were given the babies, an overcoat each for wife and me, new overshoes, a shirt for myself and $2.00 in money, with the best of hot food and a good doctor to see that all was well. We took the next train here and arrived at the home of Joe Heffelfinger about 12:30 a.m.
Among Friends
The next day we found ourselves among friends we knew not of, for an abundance of food and clothing, an abundance of clothing and food were sent in, for which we are truly thankful.
I returned home Thursday and found everything practically destroyed, the only thing I had that was not hurt in the least, was a 50 lb can of lard and my religion, and I praise God that His grace is efficient even in these trying times. EDGAR ZIKE.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

HUMOROUS SIDE OF PERU DELUGE
Now that the seriousness of Peru's situation is practically past and the people are beginning to return to their homes, a number of humorous stories are being told concerning happenings in the flooded city. Some doubtless are true, but the Sentinel won't vouch for all of them.
At the head of the list must be placed Ponty Ice's experience with the fat woman, who leaped into his boat, and went through the bottom into the torrent. Ponty declares he waited around for a while hoping that she would come to the surface, but when she did not appear in five minutes, went on about his rescue work. Get it?
John Hoover says he took a carefully wrapped baby from a woman's arms, as he helped her from a house and then carried it into his boat only to discover from the sight of a waving tail protruding from one end of the bundle that he had been handling a cat. This is almost as bad as the Rochester boatman, who was sent to an address on E. 5th street to get some persons, only to find that the sole occupant of the house was a bull dog. The canine, needless to say was not taken into the boat.
Was Headed His Way
Robert Owens, Jr., when hailed by a man caught in the second story of a house, paid no attention and kept on rowing until he chanced to look up and saw that a gun barrel was pointed right in his direction. He hastened to assure the man holding the gun that he was headed his way and performed the rescue.
Henry Zellers tells of being in Logansport Thursday and seeing one of Wallace's elephants come floating down the Wabash, spouting water right and left, but this tale is outdone by the one that a Wallace circus wagon has been found in a tree at Lafayette. The story of the cook stove floating down the river, with boiling coffee pot on top, is not far behind.
Room For Husband
John Stanley tells this story: "I rowed up to a house and a big heavy woman got three children in the boat and got in herself, carrying a large bull dog. After she was all settled, she asked anxiously, 'Do you think there is still room for my husband?'"
Sandwiches 50 Cents
Ralph Burns bought a sandwich in a restaurant in Peru. After eating it he asked how much it was. The reply was that the charge was 40 cents. Ralph asked why they did not charge what the food was worth, and the proprietor answered that he woud, the price would be 50 cents. Ralph, being in the restaurant business himself, thinks he knows a thing or two, and answered that when they asked a decent price, he would pay, and walked out. He crossed the street and was telling it to a bunch of man, one of whom was a city official, and that man immediately warned the owner of the restaurant that regular prices would prevail.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

AS TOLD BY REV. J. D. KRUWEL
"I called at a home on West Canal street where there were nine in the family, all of whom had been rescued on a raft, when the water was deep and swift. All that they had for breakfast was a little bread. The family was urged to go to the court house for relief, but they felt that others needed the help more. They were finally prevailed to go.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

FLOOD CONDITIONS IN MIDDLE WEST
ILLINOIS -- Water within feet of top of levee at Cairo and rising. River at record height at Shawneetown but levee holds. State troops on guard. People at Carmi and Mt. Carmel leave homes for high lands.
OHIO -- River in Cincinnati makes highest record. No loss of life reported. Dayton dead now placed at 100. City begins rehabilitation. Hamilton death toll 80. Columbus began work today toward rebuilding flooded district. Death list remains at 64. Marietta reports $2,000,000 damage after being cut off from world for days.
WEST VIRGINIA -- Fifteen thousand persons at Hungington homeless from Ohio river flood. City in darkness. Two persons dead at Parkersburg. River higher than during 1884 flood.
KENTUCKY -- Catlettsburg practically cut off by flood. Covington and Newport badly flooded. Warnings may prevent loss of life.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

FROM KOKOMO TO ROCHESTER
The first Rochester men to come from points south of Peru, through that city to Rochester, were M. M. Bitters and Howard Hood, who arrived here from Kokomo at 4:30 Friday afternoon. The men left Kokomo at 8:30 Friday morning.
A traction car brought them as far as South Peru, where they alighted and trudged over the hills along the river to the L.E.&W. bridge, which they crossed and then proceeded to the court house, where they learned that they would be compelled to go to the canning factory to secure a north bound train. Not discouraged, they picked up their heavy grips, reached Bearss hill in safety and then followed the hills around to Hiners Cut, thence down the tracks to the point at which the trains were stopping.
Their trip consumed four hours, and it is estimated that they walked 12 miles, but they have the satisfaction of being at home. They left the city a week ago today.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

ARE NOT WITHOUT GRATITUDE
Despite numerous and sundry reports that Peru people are inappreciative of the work done in their behalf by Rochester, incidents which have occurred here during the past two days have convinced the workers that the report is untrue.
E. C. Riney, who was brought here Friday, with three children, leaving his wife, who is about to be confined, in Peru, broke down and cried when told what the Rochester committee would do for him. He informed them that he had no money, either here or in Peru. His children were given clothing and sent to the home of Wm. Ewing, and he was taken to a barber shop by W. A. Howard, received every attention necessary and was clad in clean clothes. In the barber chair, he sobbed out his thanks, declaring he did not know that there were such kind people on earth.
"Everyone told us to go to Rochester," he said. He is now with his children at the Ewing home.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

CARD OF THANKS
Mrs. Joseph Heffelfinger, 420 Madison street, certainly wishes to thank her neighbors and unknown friends of Rochester, for their kindly assistance and benevolence in behalf of the flood survivors of Peru, who are staying at her home. Certainly none but good, kind hearted people could to as these have done.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

RUN TO TIPTON
The Lake Erie trains ran as far south as Tipton today, the first going about 11 o'clock this morning. The second will leave at 6:06 this evening. There was a north bound train at 11:30, but it is not known whether there will be any more.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

SHORT NEWS
Lessons drawn from the recent floods were emphasized in many Rochester pulpits yesterday. It is probable that references of some kind were made in nearly every church. Prayer for those who have been bereaved of friends or had suffered property loss was a universal petition.
Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 31, 1913]

PERU HAS PRAISE FOR ROCHESTER
After suspension since Monday night of last week, Peru dailies resumed publication last night, issues of the Journal and Chronicle reaching this office today. Because of mechanical difficulties, the news in the papers is necessarily limited, but the deluge is well covered in a general way.
First of all must be mentioned the fact that Rochester is given the lion's share of the credit for the rescue work. Speaking of this city, The Journal says:
"Rochester and Warsaw confiscated boats and sent them to Peru for use in life saving. Many of them were very valuable, some being launches of twenty or more capacity. Now that the flood is over, not more than half of these boats can be found. Everybody who can locate a boat should do so to the proper authorities. If they can't be found the city must pay for them. It would be an everlasting stigma if we didn't. But of course we will."
Rochester the Good
Peruvians should never forget the brotherly love manifested by Rochester people. It was wonderful. Think of it! Two car loads of provisions given hastily, hastily, mind you! So that it really amounted to giving twice, for "he who gives quickly gives twice." Rochester, we hope we may never be able to return your kindness, for we wish you better luck than ever to go through the terrible suffering that has befallen Peru.
Captain Henry Bailey was at Rochester during their relief work, and tells us that the alacrity with which Rochester raised funds, confiscated boats and loaded freight cars was wonderful.
List of Dead
The list of dead corresponds exactly with that published in Monday night's Sentinel. The bodies of Delight Shields, Peter Kellogg and - - - - - Friend have not been recovered and the Oyler boys, whose sister is now at the home of James Coplen, are still missing.
The story of the Journal traces the rise of the flood and describes the destruction and death incident to it. The loss of property is placed at the two million mark. The L. E. & W. and C. & O. bridges are only spans, aside from the concrete bridge, that are left standing.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

CARNEGIE MEDALS FOR KNIGHT BOYS
Carnegie medals for "Tid" [Knight] and Charles Knight, of this city, are recommended by the Peru Journal, which pays especial tribute to these two members of the rescuing crew, as well as to "Red" May, who lost his life. . . . .
Charles and Tid Knight, brothers, of Rochester, were two others of the great heroes of the flood. Born and raised on the shores of Lake Manitou, these two are past masters at the art of handling a boat. There was no current too swift for them to go with their boat and they saved many from perches and roofs. They arrived on the first relief train from Rochester, and did not cease their untiring efforts until assured that all were saved. To the reader their lifesaving efforts do not seem as great as they really were. The Knights sent their boats where no other less skilled boatsman dared. Wherever a cry for help went up and was heard by either of the Knight boys, it was there they would send their boat, no matter what the odds. And the gulding hand of thir Maker seemed to be ever protecting them, for no fatalities resulted where the Knight boys were. They bore their honors modestly and took orders from no one.
After normal conditions are restored in this city, a commission will be organized to get into communication with the Carnegie Hero Fund Committee and to secure some such national recognition of the heroic services of May and the two Knight brothers. If ever a man deserved a hero medal and money reward, it is this trio and although May does not live to enjoy the honors that will be heaped upon him, still he has a family who will be the beneficiaries of the commission. It is thought that outside of the Knight boys, there are many others in this city who will be recommended for hero medals and if justice is done by the hero committee of Carnegie's, there will be many in this city and surrounding towns who will wear hero medals as a result of their life-saving efforts during the great Peru flood.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]
SALOON MEN WERE WISE
One of the most disgusting incidents connected with the flood was the presence of drunkards on the streets as this great calamity was coming on. As the waters rose higher and higher and there was no place but the court house square to stand upon, of course they were all conspicuously in evidence. Men who ought to have been home looking after their families in the presence of this great disaster were taking to drink and were unfit to help themselves, their own or others. Who can explain it? Fortunately the saloon keepers on their own initiative, seeing the fools men were making of themselves, shut up their saloons tight at 11 o'clock Monday morning and drove their patrons out of doors. They deserve the thanks of the public. Thereafter there was perfect order everywhere. -- Peru Journal.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

RELIEF FUND IS STARTED IN PERU
Peru has started a relief fund of her own, to use in cleaning up the city. Heading the list is the Peru Gas Co., which has given $1,000, and R. A. Edwards, who donated $500.
J. O. Cole gave $350, his wife $100, the Moose lodge $500, K. of C. lodge $300, Chas. Kraus and Sons $300, and Lou Baer $50. There were many other donations to the fund which last night had reached a total of $5,000.
Of this fund the Peru Journal says: $25,000 is needed immediately to pay bills already incurred and clean up the town and get it back into a sanitary and liveable condition. Some have responded most generously, but everyone should give whatever they can to help. Even small subscriptions are welcome. When Rochester and all of the county and nearby towns have responded in such an unexpected and open hearted manner it is hard to believe that the people of Peru are not willing to do their share.
A full list of subscriptions cannot be secured as yet. The Journal finds it necessary to give this part of its news without official sanction. The executive committee, for some unexplainable reason, refused to give us the official list, and the list given below is not complete. We have seen complete lists in the papers of all surrounding towns, and even have the Rochester relief list, but we have not our own.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

OAKDALE - FACTORIES UNHURT
The Oakdale factories, at Peru, contrary to general supposition, came out of the flood with less damage than many others. In fact none but the piano factory and Fox Brothers underwear factory suffered any appreciable damage. Fox Brothers, located just at the edge of Oakdale, sustained a $20,000 loss with ten feet of water on the first floor. Much of this was raw material, but the most of it, or a big portion, at least, was goods all ready for shipment. At the piano factory the loss is estimated at $20,000 to $30,000. There was very little damage done at the iron working factory, nor was Booth's furniture factory invaded by the water.
The Indiana manufacturing company is probably the heaviest corporation loser. Its whole lumber yard was washed away.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

WALLACE LOSS IS $150,000
According to Peru newspapers, the heaviest loss to a private citizen, by the big flood of last week, was to B. E. Wallace, owner and manager of the Hagenbeck-Wallace circus. It is said that Mr. Wallace's loss will reach one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Animals were killed by being drowned and from exposure, and now that it is within a short time of the opening of the show the loss is felt greater than had the flod occurred in the fall.
Nearly one hundred head of blooded cattle were drowned. Eight of the big elephants were killed by exposure, but the four performing elephants were saved and it is believed they will live. All of the cat animals, with the exception of three lions and two leopards, were killed. The riding lioness was saved.
Almost one hundred or more dogs were drowned, as well as a lot of ponies, and an exact estimate of the loss cannot be given until all properties at both the winter quarters and the upper farm have been thoroughly inspected.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

MESSAGE IN BOTTLE
A young lady, who was standing near the river Saturday afternoon watching the water, picked up a bottle which had floated down the river. The bottle was corked and a piece of paper which had been neatly folded in it read as follows:
"Peru, Ind., March 26 -- Anyone finding this will please report that D. E. Oyler and Eddie Oyler have been drowned and are suspended from top of house."
The message was turned over to the police, but no trace of the supposed dead men has been found. -- Peru Journal.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

SHORT NEWS
Edward Hailey, who lost everything in the Peru flood, and who is now staying at the home of Frank Ross, is very ill with pneumonia. Mrs. Hailey is with her husband.
Robert Osborne and Frank Crim went to Peru, Sunday, to clean up the home of Mrs. Frank Phillabaum, who, with her children, are being cared for in the Crim and Osborne homes.
Marshal Chambarlain and Ray Cook went to Peru, Monday, authorized by the relief committee to look after Rochester goods there. Clint Irwin will assist them. It is estimated that there is property there to the value of $2,600.
Miss Maude Kirkendall has returned from Peru, where she spent a week with friends. The house in which she was living was not touched by the water, and the residents were fortunate in that a grocery was situated in the same block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

FLOOD SITUATION VERY DESPARATE
Columbus, Ky., April 1 -- (via Telephone to St. Louis) -- The Mobile and Ohio levee, one-fourth of a mile from here, broke. East Columbus is flooding, the water in the streets being from four to eight feet deep.
Springfield, Ill., April 1 -- The Illinois flood situation is growing more desperate hourly and the number of distress centers is rapidly increasing. Governor Dunne and Adjutant General Dixon, with their flood headquarters in the state house, are in touch with Cairo, Alexander county; Shawneetown, Gallatin county; Naples, Scott county; Junction City, Gallatin county; Mounds City, Pulaski county; Beardstown, Cass county, and Valley City, Pike county.
Emergency orders from civil authorities in all of these towns and cities have been filed.
Hundreds of families have been driven from their homes in the lowlands along the Illinois and Ohio rivers. They are living in tents.
Desperate Fight at Cairo
At Cairo a desperate battle is being waged to hold the rising waters back with sand bags. The families have been ordered to leave Shawneetown. The inhabitants have fled.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1913]

SAW TWO DROWN IN PERU DELUGE
Special to Sentinel.
Peru, Ind., April 2 -- Probably the Peru person who had the most hair-raising experience and lives to tell the tale, is Bernard "Bunch" Holland, son of Jerry Holland, of east Eight street. Accounts of the death of his two companions in the boat, Bert Smith and A. Poltz, have been related.
All three of the men named are C. & O. brakemen, and were at Chicago when they received word of the flood, and at once took the Erie to Akron, where they boarded a Winona car and landed in the northeast part of the city. Here they secured a boat from a farmer and started to make their way to the city and families.
Holland was rowing, and said everything went along all right until Smith stood up in the boat for some cause or other. When he sat down he tipped the boat and all three were thrown out.
"When the boat went over," said Holland, in relating his experience, "Boltz diveed out and started out for land about 150 yards away, but he swam against a strong current. After he once dived from the boat I never saw him again. Smith and I clung to the boat, which was overturned, and we were making our way all right by paddling our feet, when Smith lost his head and as we neared a telegraph pole grabbed for it. He had no earthly chance after he let go of the boat, and I knew it was only a question of a few minutes until the cold water and wind would chill him so that he would have to let go and drop to his death."
"I kept hold of the boat until I neared a tree in the rear of the Tillett barn, and swung myself up into the tree. I could see Smith about a block away clinging to that pole, but I was powerless to aid him. I was all wet and all that saved me from falling from the tree and drowning was the fact that I became frozen to the tree. I was spared the sight of seeing Smith drop to his death by losing consciousness before Smith let go of the pole. Before I lost my senses I yelled at the top of my voice for help, and was finally sighted and taken to a house on east Fifth street, where I was revived, and then taken to my own home."
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

MANY REFUGEES FLEE TO MACY
Special to Sentinel.
Macy Ind., April 2 -- News from Macy is scarce this week, as the visitors here are mostly refugees of the flood. Macy was quick to respond to the appeal for aid from Peru, and for the size of our town, we had more heroes than any of the surrounding towns. However, our heroes are modest and their desire is not to let their left hand know what their right hand doeth. Suffice it to say that the Lieutenant Governor appreciated their efforts and took especial notice of one of our heroes.
Mr. and Mrs. Ben Carl, and Mrs. Carl's mother, Mrs. J. Carrothers, were rowed in a boat to the train at Peru, Wednesday, and have since been the guests of Mrs. Caroline Carl.
State and Band Room
S. A. Carvey was in Peru at the time of the flood and stayed in the band room until Thursday, when he got home. Miss Lucia Wiltshire was another victim, who arrived home Thursday. Mr. and Mrs. Lou Hyriem and Miss Rhoda Nicodemus were taken from Flax Hill to the train, Wednesday afternoon, and have since been at the home of their parents, Mr. and Mrs.G. V. Nicodemus. Mr. and Mrs. Verner Carl and daughter, Goldie, came out from Peru Thursday, and are now the guests of relatives here.
Earl Hicks, of Peru, is spending the week with his mother, Mrs. Anna Hicks.
Perry Minter and Charles Mullican went to Peru Thursday morning of last week and returned home Friday evening.
Visits in Peru
Miss Marie Lockridge, of Peru, spent the latter part of the week with Dr. and Mrs. J. B. Peters.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

RECOVER LOCAL BOATS EXCEPT 2
Despite the fact that the recovery of all the boats, cans, etc., sent to Peru last week, has been considered an almost hopeless task, announcement was made late Tuesday that all but two of the 60 boats sent from here had been found, and were ready to be shipped back. A few milk cans and other things are still missing, but the loss will be very small. Both lost boats are the property of Clinton Irwin, who sent down 17 crafts.
Since Saturday "Clint" has been at work hunting boats and has been most successful in his work. Monday, he was joined by Marshal Chamberlain and Ray Cook, who went down under orders from the relief committee to conduct the search. They report that they were given much assistance by Peruvians, and that as a result, they located all boats except two. There were numbers from Fairview, Ferndale, West Side and Irwins, as well as many belonging to private owners. Other Rochester property is expected to be found. Three car loads of boats have already arrived here and the remainder are expected almost any time. All launches sent down were safely loaded.
Ruined Homes
Visitors in Peru report that the condition of the homes in the stricken city cannot be adequately described. Many lost everything, some even their homes. Woodwork and floors are ruined and furniture is falling to pieces. Remnants of pianos are seen on practically every porch. The cleaning of the homes is a difficult task, in as much as the deposit left is of a clay nature and sticks most tanaciously.
The need for clothes is reported the only urgent want, as garments were given out indiscriminately at first. The diminishment of the supply resulted in placing of a check on the distribution and the need now must be shown before the gift is made.
Long Bread Line
Food is still being given out at the court house, where great amount is stored. There was a "bread line" two blocks long at six o'clock Tuesday night. The city is crowded with visitors.
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

DELAYED MAILS
Several Erie trains arrived in the city last evening, bringing a large amount of delayed mail that had been tied up for several days by the flood. Papers from other cities contained graphic accounts of the flood and while most of them greatly exaggerated the loss of life, they put the property loss at a very low figure. More than one paper stated that the banks of the Wabash river were lined with bodies of the dead who had drowned in Peru.
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]
WHIPPOORWILL
Our little burg called Berthasville, contributed quite liberally to the Peru relief, in the way of eatables. Marion Mow delivered five wagon loads in one day. It is not to be understood that this all came from Berthasville.
Word was received here Friday from Lon Guise, formerly of this place but now of Logansport, that his house was in seven feet of water.
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

FORCED TO LEAVE CITY
Special to the Sentinel.
Germany, Ind., April 1 -- Otto Beery and family of Logansport were here for a few day's visit with the former's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Beery. Mr. Beery left Logansport Wednesday evening. He did not live in the water district, however there was no way of getting provisions and they came home while there was a chance to get away. Mr. Beery said that from Fourth street west the city was a lake of water being nine feet deep at the Murdock hotel. At Bidle's island the tops of the houses could just be seen. Sultz town was all under water. It began to come in at the Pan Handle depot. All bridges were unsafe for use except that at Sixth street, and that onoy to walk over. Mr. Beery said that when he left there had been two men drowned. The Culver cadets came to the rescue and were doing great work in moving those from the water to the homes that were safe.
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

FIND TWO BODIES
The bodies of Wm. Friend, of Denver, the L. E. & W. brakeman, and Peter Kellogg, of Cincinnati, the C. & O. brakeman, who lost their lives in the Peru flood, were discovered Tuesday. But one body, that of Delight Shields, is as yet unfound. The Oyler boys have both turned up.
Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 2, 1913]

NEWS OF RICHLAND CENTER
Gus Ralston, who was employed at Peru, was successful in getting out of the flood there, and returned home last Thursday evening.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 3, 1913]

DELONG
Laura Hartz was a Rochester visitor Monday. Her sister Margaret, was in the flood district at Peru, and she returned home with Miss Laura, Monday evening.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 3, 1913]

RESCUE BOATS REACH HOME
Marshal Chamberlain, Ray Cook and Clint Irwin returned from Peru, Wednesday evening, where for four days they have been gathering up boats and such things as belong to Rochester. A great deal more was returned than was expected when sent there.
It was not thought that one-half the boats would be returned, and some went so far as to say that only one-third would come back. All boats but one belonging to Clint Irwin have been brought back and were unloaded Wednesday. A few sets of oars are missing and several of the boats have the seats torn out, but that is the extent of the damage.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 3, 1913]
KRUWEL RELATES FLOOD STORIES
Accounts of the flood at Peru have been very numerous, but few have related stories of the conditions after the flood which are more realistic than those told by Rev. J. D. Kruwel, who visited many of the homes in Peru after the flood subsided.
In a home the family was rescued in a Rochester boat called the Katie, which had taken his family and that of his neighbor. [sic] This neighbor was a railroad man, who had walked 16 miles to reach home and then found his family gone. I entered this home and found the piano completely ruined. The bedding and all of the clothing were soaked with water and covered with slime. The dishes on top of the side board were filled with muddy water, showing that the water had reached that height.
A young lady, whose parents were dead, said that she was rescued from the basket factory and that all she had left was one week's wages and the clothing that she wore at that time. She had bought a piano on time and had only made a small payment on it. The instrument was ruined.
In the home of a young, who had been married two years. [sic] He had just finished paying for it. The furniture was ruined.
A lady in a neighboring house was very sick in bed and she did not want to leave when the water rose. She wanted the family to stay and all die together, but they finally strapped her on a board and lowered her into a boat.
In Awful Condition
I entered one home where the windows had been broken and the river water allowed to rush in. The bed in one corner of the room was covered with hay stubble, corn stalks, chunks of ice and dirt which had been carried in the room by the current. The home was in an awful condition.
Anybody who visited the flood stricken district, were glad that they aided in relieving the suffering.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 3, 1913]

MILITIA AT PERU
Following an order from Gov. Ralston, who acted upon suggestion of state health officials at Peru, the Frankfort company of Indiana National Guard today proceeded to Peru, to aid in the general clean up work and see that the people obey instructions as regards getting the city in a sanitary condition as quickly as possible.
The county commissioners have appropriated $30,000 for a new Broadway bridge and $7,000 for the repair of the Brownell span.
Announcement has also been made that the Wallace circus will open in Peru, April 26, instead of St. Louis, April 12.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 4, 1913]

TELEPHONE CO. HEAVY LOSER
The Central Union Telephone Co. states their loss in Peru alone will be between $65,000 and $85,000. Every cable in the Central Union plant and all the underground cables the Central Union company purchased from the Home Telephone company are entirely water soaked and will have to be replaced.
The company now has forty-five men in Peru from Indianapolis and are combining the two exchanges, so that the company may take out all duplicate telephones and be able to serve the ones needing service. Any one having a telephone after this consolidation is made can reach any one having a telephone to or out of Peru.
The officials of the company also state that the rate for one service will be their present rates that have been in effect since January 1, 1913, as follows:
Individual business $3.00; two regular business $2.50; individual residence $1.50; two regular residence $1.25.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 4, 1913]

BROADWAY BRIDGE HAS HISTORY
The Broadway bridge over the Wabash river at Peru, which went out in the big flood and which is to be immediately replaced by a $30,000 structure, had a history
James Christianson was lynched on it about 26 years ago. Christianson got drunk and went into an outhouse from which he fired a gun. People were afraid to investigate until Dr. North walked by and he unhesitatingly went into the building, only to be shot and killed by Christianson. The murderer was placed in the jail in the basement of the old Miami county court house, from where he was pulled and hanged to the bridge.
About two weeks ago the body of George Baker, long missing, was found in a tree over the Wabash river near Peru. Baker had married Christianson's step-daughter, Frora [sic] Banion, against Christianson's will and it was at the time of the marriage that Christianson got drunk and said he would kill Baker on sight. Dr. North was killed instead.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 5, 1913]

DEAD ELEPHANTS ARE SOLD
Eight dead elephants from the Hagenbeck-Wallace menagerie and victims of the Wabash river flood at Peru, have been sold to a pocketbook manufacturing concern in New York. The skins of the carcases will be used in making purses and the balance will be buried. What was paid for the pachyderms is not made public.
When the flood waters subsided, six of the bodies were found near the elephant house on the B. E. Wallace farm and two had floated to Peru. Before they drowned, the elephants nearly wrecked winter quarters by stampeding. As the flood subsided, the four live beasts were waiting to enter the stable.
The Dead
An inventory made by Wallace farm attaches, shows the following loss of animals, either from drowing or death as the result of exposure. Eight elephants, nine lions, eight leopards, six tigers, one sacred cow, one horned horse, four large Sambo deer and eight draft horses.
The wild animals fought furiously as the farm became part of the Wabash river and the cages were converted into wreckage. It is said that many of the beasts were killed in fighting before the water was high enough to drown them.
"Big George," the famous Wallace hippopotamus, had the time of his life in the flood. He swam about in a delighted way and was waiting to return to his cage when the excitement was over.
Employes of the Wallace farm were compelled to flee for their lives when the animals became unmanageable. Three men climbed to the rafters of the stable building and were many hours without food.
Loss at $100,000
Showman Wallace continues to estimate his loss at $100,000. He has agents at work to replace the rare and expensive wild animals. Contrary to circulated reports, not much of the rolling stock of the circus was washed away.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 5, 1913]
SHORT NEWS
Mrs. Robert Smith, of Peru, wishes to thank Floyd Mattice for the safe rescuing of herself and young son. The water was very swift in front of her house, but Mr. Mattice in a canoe managed to get them to sefety.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 5, 1913]

FLOOD VICTIMS TOTAL ELEVEN
Two more bodies of victims of the Peru flood were found Saturday. The list of flood victims now totals eleven. The following account of the discovery of the bodies was taken from the Peru Journal.
Two more victims were added to the already too-large list of flood deaths, Saturday morning when the bodies of John or Harry Ginter, aged about 65 and his daughter, Anna, aged about 40, were found in the bed of the old canal dirctly south of Wayne St. The exact manner in which these two unfortunates met death never will be known, and can only be left to conjecture.
Father First Found
The body of the father was the first discovered. These two had not even been reported on the death list, or among the missing. The finding of the man's body was made by Francis Jones, aged twelve years, who was playing about the scene. The Ginters resided in a small frame house that sets on the rear of the lot at the northwest corner of Wayne and Canal streets. The Jones boy was playing about the canal and C. & O. tracks when he happened to glance into the canal and noticed an object resembling a human body lying half submerged in the water. He spread the alarm and the body was taken from the water. This was about 10:45.
Close Together
It was about a half hour later that the body of the daughter was found. It was but a few feet distant from that of the father's and the condition of the bodies is such as to indicate that the two met death at the same time.
Manner of Death
The manner of death of the two will probably always remain a mystery. The father and daughter were the sole occupants of the small cottage and in the rush and confusion of the rescue work they were forgotten.
Notwithstanding the fact that eleven persons have lost their lives in Peru as a result of the awful flood which visited this locality last week, there has not been a natural death within the corporate limits of the city during the past two weeks.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 7, 1913]

ISSUE FOOD PASS
There is so much imposition being practiced upon the committee which has charge of the distribution of food to the needy sufferers in Peru that it has become necessary to adopt a new system whereby these supplies may be issued to only those who really are entitled to them.
Yesterday tickets were issued bearing the words "Food Pass. Executive Committee," and all those applying for sandwiches and coffee were required to present their tickets and then the desired rations were issued to them. Even those who are serving on committees must show their passes before they can secure their lunches. Those who are working or are deserving in any way and the old and enfeebled never are turned away, but are freely served.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 7, 1913]

MANY TO PERU
All trains into Peru Sunday were loaded with sightseers. Peru was crowded with strangers and the hotels and restaurants were jammed. Among those who went from here were Ike Onstott, Wm. Biddinger, Mr. and Mrs. Marion Porter, Mr. and Mrs. Ira Babcock, Mr. and Mrs. Ray Babcock, Mr. and Mrs. Herman Coplen, Mr. and Mrs. Clay Sheets and Misses Ethel Black, Irene Chestnut, Hannahbelle Porter, Grace Shaw, Elizabeth Johnson, Chas. Felts, Wm. Cook, Chas. Kime, Fred Tipton, Chas. Alspach, Arthur Brubaker, Benton Downey, Jesse Burns, Fred Jones, Henry Myers, Jay Clayton, Joe Ewing, Lon Finnamore, Mr. and Mrs. S. A. Arter, Chas. Robbins, Miss Edith Robbins and Guy Belding.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 7, 1913]

TO MOVE SOUTH PERU HOUSES
A contract to move 13 houses in South Peru back to their original foundations has been secured by Geo. Downs, of this city, who today began loading his moving paraphanelia in a car, preparatory to beginning the work.
The structures, which are all owned by one man, were strangely treated by the flood waters. They stand in several rows. In one instance, a number were floated just across the street from where they formerly stood, and the depth to which the street was washed out by the force of the current will make it necessary to bridge to get the homes back. Several others were moved from their lots, and their places taken by neighboring houses. Even the barns are far out of position.
Downs foresees a task of several months duration ahead of him and his crew, but expects to complete all the work in record time.
"It's an ill flood," he says, "that washes nobody good."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 8, 1913]

QUARRELING OVER THE DIVISION
Few Rochester people are aware that the city of Peru and the town of South Peru are two separate municipalities governed by two different bodies. Few people are also aware that the largest portion of the provisions and monetary relief was delivered to the victims of the flood in Peru proper.
According to a report sent to this office today, the town board of South Peru sent a committee to the city council of Peru, asking relief and that some of the provisions should be distributed in South Peru. It is said that the relief committee of Peru, did not give the committee from South Peru much satisfaction in regard to the distribution of supplies.
The body of Delight Shields, only missing flood victim, was found two miles west of the city late Tuesday afternoon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 9, 1913]

ARREST LOOTER
Peru Journal.
Policemen Bowden and Sell, Special Officer Stewart, of the C. & O., and another special officer of the railroad from Marion, arrested one Jacob Sampson, at his home on west Second street Monday night, charged with stealing a quantity of valuable goods from the C. & O. freight house during and after the flood.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 10, 1913]

LAST VICTIM OF PERU FLOOD FOUND
Special to the Sentinel.
Peru, Ind., April 11 -- After being missing two weeks amost to the hour, the body of Miss Delight Shields, the eleventh and, it is hoped, the last victim of the great flood, was found yesterday evening about 4 o'clock along the river banks a quarter of a mile west of the Kelley avenue bridge. This means that the body was carried at least two miles down stream by the strong current after the unfortunate young girl had fallen from the raft near the intersection of Franklin and Pike streets on the Tuesday night of the flood, while being rescued by Frank McNally.
Fell From Raft
The death of the Shields girl was one of the saddest of all that occurred during the flood. She had been making her home with Thomas Lovett for whom her mother had been housekeeper and as the waters arose rapidly the Lovett household was cut off from any means of escape by foot and had to wait until rescuers would arrive in boats. Frank McNally braved the currents and went after the distressed family and on his first trip took the younger ones of the party, Miss Shields, her step-sister, Miss Icea Hesser. McNally was having considerable difficulty in managing the raft, due to the terrible current and the great amount of debris that was floating down the street. When the raft neared the Henton home on Franklin street near Pike, a strong current that swept over that way from the river caught the raft and dashed it with great force against the Henton porch. With this the raft went to pieces. He shouted to grab hold of trees, porches, or anything fairly substantial until help would come. The Hesser girl was fortunate and was washed directly toward a tree, but the Shields girl was caught in the current and swept into the street and nothing more was seen of her until the remains were discovered by the two men Tuesday night.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 11, 1913]

NEED MORE MONEY
It is the opinion of the members of the Logansport Relief Committee that $100,000 is needed to aid the people who lost by reason of the flood, and now that the matter of looking after the suffering of the flood victims has been looked after, the members of the committee are giving their entire attention to the matter of raising funds.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 11, 1913]

TO REWARD CONVICTS
Two hundred convicts in the Indiana state reformatory at Jeffersonville toiled for nearly two days on the levee during the flood last week, and through their work it was possible to save the town from the Ohio river. Now a committee representing the citizens of Jeffersonville, is making arrangements for a great banquet to be given in honor of the gray-garbed men who saved the homes of the citizens. An entertainment will be given in the reformatory, and the banquet will be given.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 11, 1913]

BRIDGE CAUSED PERU DISASTER
The Railroad Commission of Indiana will employ a civil engineer to make a survey of the Wabash river in the vicinity of Peru, the survey to be for the purpose of ascertaining the needs of the stream, particularly with reference to bridges that will prevent a repetition of the floods which caused so much loss and suffering during the recent high water. The employment of the engineer was agreed to yesterday afternoon at a conference in Indianapolis between the commission, city officials of Peru and representatives of the C. & O. railroad, which is said to be partially responsible for a portion of the flood by reason of the alleged faulty construction of a bridge.
Blames Low Bridge
Frank E. Butler, of Peru, acted as spokesman for the city, declaring the C. & O. Company had built its bridge on such a low level that it caused a dam. Mr. Butler contended to the commission that the low bridge was in a large measure responsible for the loss of wagon bridge and that that condition, together with an alleged improper grade or "fill" near the railroad bridge, caused the flood waters to sweep into the city of Peru.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 11, 1913]

FLOOD NEWS WAS "VERIFIED"
Concerning the handling of flood news by the Sentinel, the Goshen Democrat of a recent date, has the following to say:
"Recently the Democrat noted that the Wabash Plain Dealer and the Warsaw Times gave extraordinary, reliable accounts of the Peru flood and that these papers did not aid in circulating the many unfounded rumors. The Rochester Sentinel should have been included with the Wabash and Warsaw publications. That paper was in direct communication with Peru much of the time by means of the only telephone wire working out of the stranded city and all of the news printed was of the verified kind."
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 12, 1913]

RIVER RAISES AGAIN AT PERU
Special to the Sentinel.
Peru, Ind., Apr. 12 -- Peru people who were alarmed Friday by the rapid rise of the Wabash river had their fears partly set at rest when the stream commenced to go down again today. It was estimated that the river rose five feet following the rains of Wednesday and Thursday, and lands east of the city were again under water.
There is a rumor here that water is being let out of the Celina, O. reservoir in order that it may be repaired but this is unconfirmed. There is no immediate danger.
There is still much water in South Peru. The condition of the street lighting system in Peru makes it impossible to illuminate the streets as yet. Lanterns are very popular after night.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 12, 1913]

REFUGEES DEAD
Two Peru flood refugeees have died in the hospital in that city. Mrs. Esther P. Hoover and Elias Foster, both of whom contracted illness as result of the deluge, passed away Friday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 12, 1913]

PERU IS FEELING DELUGE EFFECTS
Peru, Ind., April 14 -- Peru is now beginning to feel the real effects of the flood, if anything is to be judged from recent developments. The "bread line" was abolished Saturday night, and as a result, many people will be compelled to live on short rations for some time. Red Cross nurses are inoculating practically everyone in the city with antityphoid vacccine. As yet there has been no epidemic of any sort.
The high stage of the water in the Wabash river has put a stop temporarily to the work of removing the wrecked bridges from the Wabash river at the foot of Broadway, it being impossible for men to get out among the debris without endangering their lives. The water is going down very slowly, having fallen only a little during the past two days, but it is expected it will lower steadily for the next few days, when the work can proceed.
Crooks in City
There are a number of crooks in the city engaged in the work of systematically robbing people who are so unfortunate as to give them work at refinishing furniture damaged in the late flood and one of these rascals now is confined in the county jail awaiting trial for trying to obtain money under false pretenses from a man of the name of Hackey, an employe of the Carbon works in the northern part of the city.
There were three men mixed up in the job and an effort now is being made to find the other two, although it is likely they have taken the alarm at the predicament in which their partner is in and left town.
Car is Lost
The officials of the war department at Washington are considerably worried over the disappearance of a car load of supplies which were shipped to this city from Columbus, Ohio, several days ago. The goods were in an Adams express company's car and the car was attached to a Pennsylvania passenger train, routed for Chicago, and then down to this city
Victim Insane
Frank Goble, one of the victims of the flood, has gone insane as a result of the excitement during the strenuous days when he with several others was caught in the old Smith house on east Main street. He is violent at times and will be taken to Longcliff as soon as possible.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 14, 1913]

PERU TO GET $20,000
As the result of the conference between Governor Ralston and Ernest Bicknel, director of the Red Cross, with representatives from flood damaged towns, it has been agreed that the relief shall be divided between the governor's fund and the Red Cross fund. The following cities will be cared for: Brookville $15,000; Lawrenceburg, $10,000; Logansport $15,000; Mount Vernon $5,000; Peru $20,000 and Terre Haute $15,000.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 17, 1913]

PERU PRAISES LAKE ERIE R.R.
Peru, Ind., April 19 -- Another car load of furniture arrived in Peru via the Lake Erie & Western railroad Friday night from Chicago.
The Lake Erie & Western is still carrying flood victims to and fro who have certificates signed by Sheriff Hostetler. The Lake Erie & Western did wonders for Peru during the flood and it should never be forgotten. It was the Lake Erie & Western that brought car load after car load of provisions to the stricken city when no other road could operate, and it was the Lake Erie that carried hundreds, yes thousands of people from Peru to Rochester and other points of safety, and the passage was free to the sufferers.
It was through the Lake Erie & Western dispatchers office that the first messages from Peru to her sister cities appealing for help were made, and it was through the Lake Erie offices that word was received assuring the good people of Peru that the sufferers would be taken care of. The Lake Erie & Western railroad and its local employees are deserving of great credit.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 19, 1913]
"MOVIES" OF PERU'S BIG FLOOD
Moving pictures of the Peru flood are to be shown tonight at the Star theater, and because of the number of people who saw the real flood, it is thought that there will be a large number see the "movies" tonight.
Prominent among the people shown in the pictures are "Tid" and Charles Knight, two of the heroes of the rescue crew. Charles Holden, also well known here, is seen along with a number of Peru men, who will be recognized by many.
Says the Peru Chronicle of the pictures: These pictures were very realistic and presented to view scenes which would have been almost unbelievable were it not for the fact that thousands of our people had gazed upon the same scenes first hand and knew there was no exaggertaion about them.
Many people who made the trips to South Peru after the water went down and were under the impression that they saw it all, were surprised at many of the pictures, some of the most distressing of which they had overlooked in their sight-seeing tours, but they were all ready to admit that there could be no counterfeit and that everything shown on the canvas was just as the flood had left it.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 21, 1913]

ECHO OF FLOOD
An echo of the Peru flood was heard in Vincennes, last week, when a bottle was found in the Wabash river containng a note, poorly written with a lead pencil saying, "For God's Sake, Help. I and two pals are in a tree and the water is still rising and we are in a tree 4 miles north of Peru, Ind. Save me for God's sake. James Conroy. I will have to stop for I am dying. Good bye." Conroys name was not among the dead, so he evidently was not so near death as he thought.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 21, 1913]

SOUTH PERU GETS NEEDED AID
Peru, Ind., April 21 -- There will be a meeting of the town board of South Peru tonight to learn what work has been done in the town. A man has been appointed and is being paid to look after the cleaning of the streets, etc., and many teams are being used in the work.
Much is needed by the sufferers in South Peru where homes are off their foundations and others torn to pieces. However the money sent here by the Government, the Red Cross Society and other organizations was sent for South Peru as well as Peru proper, and the flood committee will of course look after Peru's suburb. The money and provisions sent here were for the entire flooded districts and not for Peru alone.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 21, 1913]

WATER HEIGHT
Official measurements show that the water in the Wabash river during the recent flood reached its greatest height in Logansport and Peru. The record for high water previously dated back to 1883. This year it went seven feet and one inch above the former record in both cities. In Huntington it only exceeded the 1883 mark by three feet and two and one-half inches, and in Lafayette by two feet and two inches. Low bridges and embankments across lowlands are said to have been part of the cause for high water in Peru and Logansport.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 24, 1913]

[Adv] Tremendous Sale of 10,000 Refrigerators - Flood Damaged - Usable. One Week Only, May 5th to May 11th. One-fourth to One-half Price. Every Size and Every Price. First Come, First Served. INDIANA MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Peru, Indiana. Largest Refrigerator Factory in the World. Two blocks from Interurban and City Cars.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 24, 1913]

DROWNED BOY FOUND
The body of Sherman Hartz, of Delong, who was drowned in the Tippecanoe several weeks ago while pushing debris away from the Vandalia bridge, was found in the stream back of the Mahler farm this morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 24, 1913]

LOSE VALUABLE FILES
All of the newspaper and magazine files of the Peru public library were destroyed by the flood waters, and have since been burned. The water filled the basement of the building and on the first and second floors more than three hundred people were housed during the high water. The libraries of the schools are also heavy losers, as during the flood, books in these houses were burned to keep the people warm.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 3, 1913]

SHORT NEWS
Beginning today, the Winona Interurban railway will resume its through limited cars to Indianapolis, via Peru and the Union Traction company. The bridge at Peru, which went out during the flood in March, has been rebuilt, and trains will be operated hereafter on the same schedule as before traffic was interrupted by the flood troubles.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 9, 1913]

FINDS LUMBER
Forty thousand feet of lumber belonging to the Indiana Manufacturing Company, of Peru, which floated down the river in the flood, has been located at Georgetown, west of Logansport. Thirty thousand feet was found at Pottawattomie Point, east of Logansport, and twenty-five thousand feet was located in the vicinity of the flowing well, west of Peru. The company has a small army of men gathering the lumber as quickly as possible to bring it to Peru. The company lost, altogether, 1,000,000 feet of lumber, estimated at a quarter of a million dollars.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 17, 1913]

PERU DAY IN ROCHESTER
PLANS ARE MADE FOR BIGGEST DAY
Everybody Invited
While it is true that Peru is coming to Rochester, Tuesday, June 17, the wish was expressed at the meeting Friday that all of the other towns and cities, which assisted during the flood, be invited to attend, especially Warsaw, Akron and Fulton, Mayor Smith today sent out official invitations to these places, but Denver, Macy, Deeds, Plymouth, and the other places which helped, are expected. Everybody come!
__________

Two questions that are being generally asked in Rochester -- who is coming over from Peru, June 17, and what are they going to do when they get here -- were answered Friday evening by the visit of a committee of a dozen representative Peruvians and an informal meeting with local citizens at the Commercial club, where a rough outline of the plans for the day was made.
The men who came from Peru, Friday night by train and by automobile and who represent the best citizenship of that city, and declare that the crowd which will make the jaunt to this city, June 17, will number not less than 2,000 and will probably reach 3,500 or more. The purpose of their visit was to compare notes with Rochester in order that there may be no conflict of arrangements. Chairman Baker of the Peru entertainment committee and Chairman Lee Wile, of Rochester's similar committee, met together with the result that the day promises to be full of events, fun and frolic from beginning to end.
McCaffery Speaks
Hugh McCaffery, head of the Peru Wholesale Grocery Co., and the McCaffery grocery, acted as spokesman for Peru and stated that three special trains and many automobiles would bring the crowd here, all the trains to arrive before the regular morning passenger. He also set forth the desire of Peruvians to act in harmony with Rocheester plans with the result that the day was outlined somewhat like the following:
The Day
Immediately following the arrival of the Peru delegation with their two bands and drum corps, a parade will be formed to march through the business section. At 11:30, Rev. Harry Nyce, Peru's orator of the day, will speak from a stand in front of the court house and a number of special features will follow, prominent among which will be Prof. Ross Woodring's Zobe band, an organization which has acquired a big reputation in the past year.
Dinner Arrangements
From noon until two o'clock the multitude will be fed. Besides the city and lake hotels, the restaurants and the stands, the women of the various churches will serve, some in tents and others in the basement of their respective edifices. Many Peru guests will be cared for in private homes. Promptly at two o'clock, one of Peru's auto fire trucks, which will be a feature of their parade, will give a demonstration on Main street. At 2:30 there will be motor boat races at the lake, at three a ball game between Peru and Rochester (strictly amateur), at four a vocal concert by the German Maennechor singers of Peru, then special features and supper from six to eight, band concert by Peru's two bands and the two local organizations, with the fireworks display. "The Eruption of Mt. Pelee" as a finale. During the day, there will be two aeroplane flights, and the motion picture camera will be busy at all times. Free features to be here with the carnival and a number of other specialties will be inttroduced, so that there will be something doing all the time.
Who Were Here
All indications point to a record-breaking crowd on Peru Day. Local committees are hard at work, and nothing will be left undone to make the day a success. The meeting held Friday afternoon was well attended and much enthusiasm manifested. Pres. Green, of the Commercial club, presided, and remarks were made by Omer Holman, Ross Woodring, Frank Stutesman and a number of other Peru representatives, as well as by Rochester men. The visitors who were here and who expect to return to make final arrangements were Hugh McCaffrey, Pliny Crum, Frank Stutesman, Ross Woodring, Wm. Gallagher, Joe Daley, Omer Holman, William Carson, Gustive Hite, Rev. J. Kossman, John L. Coyle, Fred Rhodes, Frank Gysin, C. A. Holden, Wm. H. Baker, Edward Trippen, Leon Moon, and H. F. French.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 7, 1913]
WILL TALK PERU DAY AT MEETING
At the regular monthly meeting of the Commercial club to be held this evening, further arrangements for the Peru day in Rochester, June 17, will be made. President Green has asked that all committee heads be present and report. Other routine business is expected to come up.
Bill posters, Sunday, visited surrounding territory in the county and plastered posters right and left. The publicity work is just beginning. Nothing will be left undone, to gather in the city the largest crowd Rochester has ever seen. The carnival, which will be here that week, is co-operating nicely and everything points to a most successful day.
Beech to Fly
The aviation flights will be made by A. C. Beech, one of the best flyers in the game. The Columbian bipplane he uses is one of the smallest and lightest made, the entire machine is equpped with a Gyro seven cylinder rotary engine, develpes fifty horse power and is capable of driving the plane 65 miles an hour. The Gyro is the only successful rotary engine ever made in this country. Its inventor, Emiel Berliner, invented the Victor talking machine and important parts of the telephone. Aviator Beech will give two flights in the afternoon and will demonstrate all that is sensational in aviation.
The Fireworks
At night the scenic spectacle, Mt. Pelee, or the destruction of St. Pierre and a grand display of fireworks will be given. This feature opens with the city asleep, nestling at the foot of the hills, while in the distance looms old Mt. Pelee, silently smoking. Distant rumbling is heard and the crater takes on a redish gflow. The subterranean muttering grows louder and great blasts of flames and molten lava are hurled from the angry volcano. The quakes and sxplosions become terrific, the belch of fire and volcanic ashes level the city in ruins and then as quietly as before this devastation, old Pelee smokes slowly and its angry passion subsides to calm.
Pyrotechnics Free
Following comes a grand display of fireworks. This display will be everything that is marvelous and beautiful in pyrotechnics. The fireworks will be absolutely free, it has been decided.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 9, 1913]

JUNE 17 PROGRAM TO BE COMPLETED
As a result of the meeting of the Commercial club held Monday evening, a newspaper publicity campaign was ordered for Peru Day in Rochester, Tuesday, June 17, and arrangements were made for a visit of the entertainment committee to Peru and Kokomo, Wednesday. The auto parade committee is also busy and indications point to a monster procession.
Lee Wile, who heads the entertainment committee, will go to Peru with Allen Bassett Wednesday, and the complete program will be arranged. It is probable that the men will go on down to Kokomo to attend the meet now being staged there by Henry Marks. The event began today.
That the fireworks would be free was also confirmed at the meeting, and an attempt will be made to have them set off on the court house lawn. Aside from the spectacle "The Destruction of Mt. Pelee" a special feature will be built.
Stores to Close
Practically every store and factory in Peru will close on the day. Of the event the Peru Chronicle says:
"That Peru will be a very good representation of "The Deserted Village" one week from next Tuesday is an assured fact judging by the readiness with which the city's progressive merchants responded to the request of the Peru Credit Exchange through its manager, Mr. Harry Crites, that the stores close on that date of the jubilee excursion to Rochester. The matter of handling the records is giving the local officials of the L. E. & W. no little bit of worry, as it is expected that the big crowds will tax the capacity of the three excursion trains now scheduled.
To Publish Early
The Journal remarks: "The Journal will publish early on the morning of Peru Days at Rochester so that the employes, carriers, etc., can have the entire day. Most of the lodges, unions and other organizations, etc., are going in a body. Has your organization made arrangements? If not, do so at once and be in line for the grand marshal.
"If you have an automobile arrange to go in it and be in the parade there. A good route has been picked out for the automobile caravan and it will be a pleasant drive. One of the fire trucks will accompany the automobiles and if your engine gets on fire Chief Doud will soon extinguish it."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 10, 1913]

COMPLETE LIST OF EVENTS ARRANGED
A number of men, among whom were Lee Wile, chairman of the entertainment committee, F. J. Mattice, marshal of the day, Al Bassett and Dean Barnhart were in Peru today making final arrangements as to the program for Tuesday, June 17, when Peru comes to Rochester. It is expected that the entire list of events will be made public Thursday.
It has been learned that the engraved parchments which will be presented to those persons of Rochester who were engaged in the rescue work, will not be ready for presentation on June 17th. This comes as a considerable disappointment to the various committees, as plans had already been arranged for their presentation immediately following the address of Dr. Nyce. The parchments will be sent to the proper persons as soon as they arrive.
Train Schedule
The following is a schedule of the time the trains leave various places in the county and the amount of fare from the same: - - - - - - - - -
Route
The vehicle route from Peru will be as follows: Out of Peru take the Mexico Pike past the east end of the bridge, around the east side of the river to Denver, turn north at the Baptist church at Denver and go three miles north on the road leading to the Ebenezer church as far as Yike corner; turn west through Deedsville and take the old state road one-half mile north to Perrysburg, thence north through Green Oak into Rochester.
Other Towns
At Mexico all autos and vehicles from Jefferson township will join the procession, and at Deedsville and Denver people from the adjoining territory will also join. The Macy delegation will join the parade at John W. Smith's corner.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 11, 1913]

COMMITTEE SEES AEROPLANES FLY
Assurance that the entertainment here on Tuesday, June 17, would be first class and that the crowd would be fully as large or larger than has been expected, was gained by the Rochester committee which visited Peru, where they conferred with the man in charge there, and Kokomo, where they saw the airships ascend and were given a demonstration of the fireworks exhibit.
F. J. Mattice, Marshal of the day, Lee Wile, chairman of the entertainment committee, A. A. Haslett and D. L. Barnhart, were in the party which made the trip Wednesday. At Peru Mr. Mattice immediately got in touch with Dan McCaffery, who is Peru's marshal of the day, and arranged a line of march for the parade, which is to be in two divisions, automobile and foot. The motor division will parade at 10 a.m., and will have finished before the foot parade begins, a half hour later. The Peru and Rochester contingents will be kept separate in both divisions, Peru to lead, and a splendid system will be used in assembling the different divisions. The visitors as well as the hosts promise a number of unusual stunts that will make the parade well worth while. Invitation is extended to every automobile owner in the county to get his car in line Tuesday and then to get out and march.
The Program
Immediately following the parade, will begin the program of the day, arrangements for which were made by Mr. Wile and Wm. Baker, who represents Peru, at a meeting also held Wednesday. This will start with the speaking on the court house lawn, Rev. Harry Nyce, of Peru, to be the orator of the day. It is probable that a Rochester man will reply. Two hours for dinner follow, and then come the afternoon and evening, each to be full of events, full anouncements of which will be made next week.
Visit Kokomo
During the afternoon, the Rochestr committee paid a visit to Kokomo, where they witnessed Beatty go aloft in a Wright aeroplane and Beech second in a Columbian. Both flights were practically perfect, made on time and pleased the big crowd. Rochester may feel assured that either aviator will give satisfactory flights. A fireworks demonstration was also given, and arrangements practically made to stage the pyrotechnical display on the court house lawn. It is thought that it can be safely done.
Marks Coming
Henry Marks, manager of the company staging the flight, whose guests the committee were while in Kokomo, will arrive here Sunday , at which time a flying field will be chosen. The fireworks men and the aeroplane will arrive Monday early. Returning, the committee was royally entertained at Peru by various men there, and learned enough to make them feel sure that a record crowd will troop north from Miami county, Tuesday, June 17.
Many Trucks To Come
Will H. Brown, of the Brown Commercial Car Company, says that all the trucks that are ready for the road will be taken to Rochester for the big demonstration on next Tuesday. The Brown Commercial Band will be taken to Rochester on several trucks, and all the rest of the trucks at the factory will participate in the gratitude parade. Mr. Brown, who is ever awake, is one of the big boosters for Peru day at Rochester, June 17th.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 12, 1913]

10,000 VISITORS EXPECTED HERE
Preparations are now complete to feed 10,000 Rochester visitors Tuesday. Four of the churches have made preparations to serve dinners to at least 300 people each The restaurants have worked over time for the last two days and have hired extra help to take care of what is expected to be the largest crowd that ever visited Rochester.
The Church of God will serve a chicken dinner in the basement of the church. They are prepared to wait on at least 500 people.
The Presbyterian ladies will serve dinner in the basement of the church and will also have a stand on north Main street. The United Brethren ladies will conduct a stand on the street and will leave the church open for a rest room. The Methodists will be prepared to serve a large number in the basement of their church.
Final arrangements were made today for the aeroplane flights. The start will be made just west of the lake in the fild on the Pierce Wilson farm. An automobile was sent to Logansport today to get 20 gallons of high power gasoline, for the machine.
Fireworks
The fireworks will be set off in the court house yard. Several large set pieces over 40 feet long will feature the exhibition. Spectators will be compelled to stay back of the ropes, as several pieces are composed of high explosives.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 16, 1913]

PARADES START PERU DAY HERE
Peru Day in Rochester will be inaugurated Tuesday by what promises to be a bigger automobile parade than the city's streets will accommodate. This will be followed at once by the foot parade of Peruvians, who will arrive here on five trains.
The auto parade is to form on south Main street at 10 o'clock. Peru's delegation to form on fifth street, with its head resting on Main, and divisions on Madison and Monroe with their heads on 14th. The Rochester delegation will form on west 13th street at the same time, with its head on Main street and divisions on Jefferson and Pontiac, with their heads on 13th. The Huntington cars will probably be placed on east 12th street with their heads on Main. Peru will lead, Huntington will come second and Rochester will follow. The line will move north on Main street as far as possible, circle a block west of Main, return to the same street and move south to 14th, where the procession will disband.
Foot Parade
The auto parade, which is to move at 10:30 sharp, will be followed by the foot parade, which is to form on west 8th street, with its head resting on Main. It will assume the same line of march. Immediately after the parade, the ceremonies and amusements of the day will be begun. All auto owners who wish to take part in the parade, should report to the men in charge on south Main street at 10 o'clock. Positions will be assigned.
Many Lodges
From all indications many fraternal organizations of Peru are going to take part in the monster parade Tuesday. Already the German Aid, Peru Maennerchor, Knights of Columbus in full uniform, the Moose and the Owls have notified Dan McCaffery, grand marshal of the day, that they will be represented and several more are going to decide tomorrow and Monday to enter the grand pageant. There will be four divisions in the parade with Rochester and Peru joining in the first divisionl With Mr. McCaffrey the Rochester grand marshal, F. J. Mattice, will ride on horseback.
The parade will not be given until the last train has been in Rochester at least ten minutes, which will be plenty of time for the passengers to leave the train and get to stations assigned to them.
Mass Meeting Monday Night
There will be a mass meeting in the Peru Moose hall tonight for final arrangements and instructions.
The Peru Journal says: "Peru day at Rochester is gong to be a memorable one, so it will also be in Peru, for it will practically be a deserted village. At Rochester the Peru people hope to meet many people from other cities and towns who aided Peru in March. Show your colors, Peruvians, by wearing a badge.
"Everybody must be in the parades in order that they may be shown in the moving pictures which will be taken that day of both the automobiles and the people on foot. The film will be shown in Peru later and everybody will want to see it. It is the plan to bank the automobiles around the public square and then when all the people have assembled to take one grand view of the scene. The camera whih will be used in taking these pictures ie one of the finest that can be made and excellent results are expected. Don't fail to get in the parade and keep your place. Trains will start to run to Rochester Tuesday morning at 8:30, and then will run every twenty minutes until the crowd has been taken care of."
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 16, 1913]

HUNTINGTON DELEGATION BIG
Huntington is to figure prominently in Rochester's Peru Day. This became a certainty Saturday when final arrangements for taking part in the affair were made by the committee of which Mayor Milo Feightner is chairman.
According to the statement of Secretary Williams of the Commercial Association, forty automobiles will be in line when the Hundington delegation starts for Rochester from the Commercial Association rooms Tuesday morning at 7:30. Those who already have expressed their intentions of going, he says will require this number of vehicles, and many more members of the club and other citizens will join the party.
The automobiles will assemble at the club rooms and leave promptly at 1:30, it is announced. It is expected that the trip will take two hours. The procession of cars in leaving Hundington will be headed by C. A. Edwards president of the Huntington Trust Comany, others following at regular intevals. Mr. Edwards is a son of Mrs. Louisa Edwards of this city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 16, 1913]

HERE'S OUR HAND PERU -- SHAKE
CITY INVADED BY HOSTS FROM PERU
Rochester today welcomed Peru as heartily as Peru welcomed Rochester, Tuesday, March 25, and Peru came to Rochester just as gladly as Rochester came to Peru on the "high-tide" day. There is a slight difference in the occasion, however, as there was no time for flubdubs and fancy preparations on March 25, and for the "wedding of the two cities," as the people of both places like to call it, there has been plenty of time and plenty of extensive preparations. Mississinewa and Wabash rivers were creeping higher and higher in the residences of Peru, the people of Rochester were working heroically to get here and to save lives and property, and the Rochester people came first with the boats, arriving here when the water covered only the eastern part of the city.
Saved Many Lives
Many of the boatmen risked their lives in the raging currents in the streets and the chilly blasts were hard to endure, but the men kept on working 'till further relief came from Akron, Fulton, Winona Lake, Culver, Michigan City, and other points. But for the boatmen, hundreds of lives would have been lost, and the two hundred coffins which were ordered would have been needed.
After the people of Peru had re-adjusted their homes and had almost recovered from the flood they arranged to show their appreciation to those who helped save their lives and property. It was therefore, regarded in Peru as fitting that Rochester, which furnished first aid, be the first recognized.
Prompt Response to Suggestion
"Peru Day," or the "wedding of the two cities," was first suggested by William H. Gallagher, of Peru, who for many years was identified with some of the biggest tent enterprises in the country. His suggestion was readily taken up by the Peru Commercial Club and the Peru city officials and the people in general. When it became known that Rochester was planning for an aviation meet, the promoters were requested by the Peru city council and the Peru Commercial club to set a day apart for the coming of Peru people. This was done and today the people of Peru came to Rochester 5,000 strong.
Not since the famous barbecue days of twenty-five years ago have the Peru people been so enthusiastic over a holiday, and every factory, the banks, all the saloons, the city and county offices and all the merchants of Peru suspended business and came to Rochester.
Transportation plans
The transportation committee arranged for five special trains to carry the Peru people, and three hundred automobiles carried hundreds more from Peru to Rochester. The automobiles were headed by one of the new fire trucks, followed by the Brown Commercial Car Company Band on two Brown trucks, the other cars following in a line from Peru over the route to Rochester.
At the suggestion of the committeemen from Peru, Mayor Omar B. Smith invited the people of Akron, Winona Lake, Warsaw, Fulton, Culver, Michigan City and all other points in this part of the state to join in the ceremonies of the "wedding."
The automobile parade left Peru at 8:00 a.m. and came by the way of Mexico, Denver, Deedsville, and Perrysburg, and on the way was joined by automobile delegations from Mexico, Denver, Deedsville, Macy, Wagoners and Green Oak. The people on foot assembled at the Lake Erie & Western passenger station at Rochester at 10:30 o'clock.
Foot Parade
The foot parade, which followed the big procession of autos from Rochester, Peru, Huntington, Kokomo, other points, was as follows:
First Division
Marshal. F. M. Stutesman: aide Tim Dunn.
Third Regiment Band.
Rochester Reception Committee - Mayor John J. Kreutzer, of Peru; Mayor Omar B. Smith, of Rochester; Dr. Harry Nyce Orator for Peru; Orator for Rochester, Lieutenant Governor Wm. P. O'Neill, in automobile.
Councilmen of both cities.
Commissioners of both counties.
Officers of both cities.
Officers of both counties.
Flood and executive committees of both cities.
Second Division
Marshal, Claufe Y. Andrews; aide, A. Harry Cole.
Citizens band of Rochester.
Fraternal organizations of Peru.
Peru Drum Corps.
Manitou Band.
Third Division
Marshal, A. P. Tudor; aide, W. S. Mercer.
Brown Commercial Car Co Band.
Industrial and mercantile organizations' delegations.

Fourth Delegation
Marshal, John W. Volpert; adie, Philip Landgrave.
Citizens of Peru and Miami county.
Erie Township Band.
The Speaking Program
After the parade there was an address of welcome by Mayor Omar B. Smith, of Rochester and the presentation of keys of the town of Rochester to Mayor J. Krautzer of Peru,who then introduced Dr. Harry Nyce, pastor of the Presbyterian church, of this city. Dr. Nyce spoke for a few minutes, expressing the appreciation and heartfelt thanks of all Peru people to the people of Rochester, Fulton county and all northerin Indiana for the relief the people of these places sent to the people of Peru at a time of need.
There were many banners shown in the parade, among them being "Blest be the tie that Binds Peru and Rochester," "A Friend in Need, was a Friend Indeed" and "May the Crops of Fulton County be as Heavy as Were the Baskets filled by the Farmers' Wives." The program for the afternoon and evening follows:
2:00 o'clock, first flight of aviators, Main street; Demonstration of Peru Fire Truck, Main street;
2:30 o'clock,Motor Boat races, Manitou Lake;
3:00 o'clock, foot races and other sports, Main street.
4:00 o'clock, Second flight of aviators;
5:00 o'clock, German singing societies, Court House;
6:00 to 8:30 o'clock, Band concerts, court house;
8:00 to 9:00 o'clock, fireworks, Main street.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 17, 1913]

WHO DID IT
Here are the men who arranged today's big events:
Rochester
Reception - Mayor O. B. Smith, John D. Holman, Maurice Shelton, A. C. Davisson, Charles Davis, Earl Miller, Dean Barnhart, Frank McCarty, Will Howard, Val Zimmerman, Roy Deniston, Frank Bryant, Henry Pfeiffer, Lee Wile, John Ott, Otto Carlson, William Brinkman, S. A. Stewart and John Hoover.
Finance - Harry Chamberlain, chairman; Charles Davis, Bernard Clayton, John Hoover, Reuben Gilliland, and Guy Alspach.
Decorating - Val Zimmerman, Orvan Ross, Earle Miller, Joe Ewing, Will Howard, John Holman, Guy Alspach and Harry Chamberlain. Each man is to look after the different blocks in which his place of business is located.
Refreshments - R. P. True, Oren Karn, John Holman and P. M. Buchanan.
Program - Lee Wile, Chairman; Floyd Mattice, Allen Bassett, Val Zimmerman, and Harold Van Trump.
Parade - I. C. Myers, chairman; Ike Wile, Dean Barnhart, William Hanna, and George Ross.
Peru
The Peru people selected the following men to make arrangements for the day at Rochester:
Executive - Mayor John J. Kreutzer, chairman; City Treasurer Frank Gysin, J. E. Groth, Frank D. Butler, R. A. Edwards. City, Clerk Tim Dunn, the Rev. A. M. Bailey, R. H. Bouslog, Henry Meinhardt, Clarence N. Hall, Pliny M. Crume, M. P. Costin, E. W. Shirk, the Rev. J. Krossmann, W. E. Tripper, Chas. Whittenberger, Chas. A. Holden. County Commissioners, Jacob Casper, Charles Ward, and T. M. Busby, George C. Miller, George C. Miller, Sr., Dr. W. A. Huff, Joseph M. Shirk, Dr. C. E. Redmon, C. H. Brownell and Joseph Bergman.
Finance - William Gallagher, chairman; Julius Falk, F. M. Stutesman, Tim Dunn, George C. Miller, Walter Sullivan, Lou Baer, and Dr. Meeker.
Automobile - Joseph Carroll, chairman; Jesse L. Murden, W. E. Carson, Fred Rhodes, John J. Miller, Will H. Brown, Paul Creighton, Mike Ginney, Charles Simons, John H. Miller, Noah King, Charles McDaniels, Elmer E. Conner, Britton, Runyan, Edge Ager, Ed Reed, Will Reed, Samuel F. Porter, Bert Stevens, Joe Haney, C. C. Haas, Alfred Bergman and George C. Miller, Jr.
Factory - William B. Baker, chairman; Will H. Brown, Elbert Walter Shirk, R. H. Bouslog, John Booth, E. W. Theobald, A. E. Myers, Harry Cox, Milton Krause, Wm. Redmon, Thomas Keyes, John Unger, I. G. Barbee and W. G. Laymann.
Music and Entertainment - William H. Baker, chairman; Tim Dunn, Dr. Doyle, Charles Clifton, Ross Woodring, Lou Baer, F. D. Butler, Joseph Bergman and William H. Gallagher.
Transportation - Leolin Moon, chairman; J. W. Parkhurst, John W. Volpert, J. E. Groth, Dr. C. E. Dermon, and Pliny M. Crume.
Ticket - John W. Volpert, chairman; William H. Gallagher, Jesse L. Murden, Max Kraus, P. M. Crume, William F. Lenhart, Charles Krisher and Opple Smith.
Merchants - Harry Crites, chairman; Marshal of the day, Hugh McCaffrey; aide, Frank M. Stutesman, Claude Y. Andrews, John W. Volpert and A. P. Tudor.
Publicity - Omer Holman, chairman; J. Rowe Woodring, Thomas J. Walsh, Mike Costin, H. F. French and Albert Lockwood.
Orator of the day, the Rev. Harry Nyce, of the Presbyterian church.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 17, 1913]

AVIATOR HERE
Aviator Beech arrived in the city Monday evening and after looking over the field expressed himself as being pleased with the location. He said that he undoubtedly would fly over the city unless the wind was too high. If the weather is as good as it was Monday evening, he would guarantee a first class flight.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 17, 1913]

20,000 PEOPLE ARE ENTERTAINED HERE
Facts To Be Remembered
20,000 people were entertained in Rochester, Tuesday, the biggest crowd the city ever saw.
The crowd was orderly and was well handled owing to the splendid management of the police force.
No one was injured and only two women prostrated by the heat.
The restaurants and churches fed the people and no one had any trouble in finding something to eat.
Henry Marks, manager of the International Aviation Co., carried out a highly successful program of flying in the afternoon fireworks in the evening. Aviator Beech flew 2,000 feet above the city.
Motion pictures were taken all day long.
Miami county's oldest citizen, H. J. Tillitt, 86 years old, was here.
William Gallagher, of Peru, was the man who suggested the celebration.
Rochester merchants decorated their places of business in the best manner possible.
Only two arrests were made. And don't forget the weather man.
__________

The highly advertised event, which has attracted the attention of the entire state, has passed. Peru day is history. And it will be remembered by local people as one of the biggest days that Rochester ever had. In return for favors extended them during those memorable days in March, Peru helped to bring a crowd to Rochester Tuesday, which easily numbered 20,000. And thanks to the well prepared plans of the local committee and the orderly visitors from Peru, the day passed without accident and the program was carried out on scheduled time. The parades in the morning were well handled. Aviator Beech made two splendid flights in the afternoon. And the fireworks in the evening were far above expectations. The day was indeed a success in every way.
They Came Early
The crowd began to arrive at seven o'clock in the morning and when the first train arrived from Peru, the streets were packed with country people who had arrived early in order to avoid long drives in the hot sun. The streets were gayly decorated with bunting and flags and when the automobile parade started at ten o'clock, the machines passed through a solid wall of people ten deep from Ninth street down north Main. The windows of the upper offices were crowded with spectators as the automobiles from Peru and other visiting cities passed in front of the moving picture machine, down the whole length of Main street. Three hundred machines took part in the parade The moving pictures were taken from in front of the Skinner's Book Store, where the machine was located on a truck.
The General Parade
The parade in which all Peru people and other visitors took part, started promptly at eleven o'clock. The first division, which was led by Grand Marshals Hugh McCaffrey, of Peru, and Jack Chamberlain, of Rochester, was formed in line on Main street with the head resting on Eighth street. The second division was formed near the Lake Erie depot, with the head resting on Eighth street. The second division was lead by Marshals Claude V. Andrews and Harvey Cole, of Peru. The third division was lead by Marshals A. P. Tudor and W. S. Mercer. The fourth division was lead by Marshals John W. Volpert and Philip Landgrave.
The Bands
The music furnished during the parade by the six bands caused much applause as the men passed between the lines of spectators. The first division was lead by the Third Regiment Band of Peru. The second division was led by the Citizens Band of Rocheester. The Manitou Band of this city, was with the thrid division. The three other bands in the procession were the Brown Commercial Car Band, of Peru, the Akron Band and J. Ross Woodring's World Renowned Gazok Band.
1,000 In Line
The marchers in the parade numbered at least a thousand. They started from Madison street and marched to Main and then down north Main for several blocks, when they turned and came back down Main to Ninth street, where they disbanded. A moving picture of the entire procession was taken on Main street. Several features of the parade attracted much attention. Several Peru citizens rode in a boat on a wagon in which was loaded provision and represented well the picture of boats when they carried food to Peru people during the flood. As a sign that all ill feeling between Rochester and Peru had been buried, a boy carried a large hatchet in the parade upon which was hung a card which read, "This is the hatchet that we bury today." Other banners were carried by Peru citizens setting forth in words the feeling that Peru now has for her sister city. The councilmen and county officers from both cities were in the parade.
J. Ross Woodring's World Renouned Bazok Band deserves special mention, not because of their splendid music, but rather because of their unusual uniforms. They caused much amusement.
Speaking
After the parade, everyone gathered at the stand in front of the court house, where in a short address Mayor Smith welcomed the people of Peru and presented Mayor Kreutzer a key to the city. Mr. Kreutzer then introduced Dr. Harry Nyce, of the Presbyterian church of Peru, who spoke for a few minutes, expressing the gratitude and thanks for the aid rendered Peru by her sister cities during the high water of March. Several other men delivered short talks and all paid comment to the spirit that prompted the mutual feeling that now exists between Peru and Rochester. Two telegrams were read from the speaker's stand. One was from Lieutenant Governor Wm. P. O'Neill, which was as follows:
Mayor Smith,
Rochester, Indiana
Greatly regret my inability to be with Peru people in Rochester today, giving testimony to the open handed generosity, high courage of Rochester citizenship. Best wishes for the success of the day.
WM. P. O'NEILL,
Lieutenant Governor.
The other telegram was from Father Deville, of Huntington, and waa as follows:
Headquarters Peru Relief Committee
Rochester, Indiana
To rescued and rescuers, gathered together in fraternal symposium characteristic American generosity and appreciative mutual love, I send greetings, sorry can only join them in spirit.
FATHER DEVILLE.
A Splendid Flight
Promptly at two-ten in the afternoon, Aviator Beech took to the air and circled the field east of the city four or five times. He did not come over the town, and as a result many people were disappointed. Mr. Marks said that he would not let him pass over the city as he did not have a landing place if something happened to the machine and he had to come down at once. The people were notified on the streets that the second flight would take place at four o'clock in the field near the lake and that he would not pass over the city. But Mr. Marks changed his mind on account of the calm condition of the air and at four o'clock promptly Mr. Beech made a beautiful flight, passing over the city to the west and returning, circled the court house. The spectators were highly pleased with the exhibition, which was much different from the one advertised here several years ago.
Fireworks
The fireworks display took place in the evening at eight o'clock and lasted for 20 minutes. Under the direction of Wm. Harris, an expert in the business from Chicago, the exhibition was staged without accident. The set pieces of the flag and letters in fire, "Welcome, Peru," brought forth much applause. The fireworks were entirely satisfactory. On account of the display being held on the court house lawn, the manager and assistants had considerable trouble in keeping spectators at a safe distance. He was assisted by several deputy marshals.
Large Crowd Visits Lake
Lake Manitou was visited by at least 8,000 people Tuesday. The road between the lake and the city was filled with pedestrians, bicycles, automoviles and hacks throughout the entire day. Every boat was taken and the water was so covered with inexperienced rowers that the launches had considerable difficulty in crossing the lake. The lake hotels were crowded at the noon hour and many remained on the grounds throughout the day.
Saved From Drowning
Owing to the splendid courage of Tom Hoover, two Peru women were probably saved from drowning. They had put out from the shore in a boat with the load all in one end. After getting out on the water, which so frightened the two women and their two companions, that they did not move. One man jumped and managed to reach shore although he could not swim. Tom Hoover was standing on the shore and seeing their predicament, jumped into the water at once and pulled the man in who was nearest. By this time, one of the women had sunk and Hoover swam to her and before she could sink again had caught hold of her clothes and carried her to the shore. The other woman could swim a little and reached shore. Both were frightened and were profuse in their thanks to Hoover.
Another lady from Peru fell in the lake when she missed the step on attempting to get into a launch and fell into six feet of water. A Peru man in the launch jumped into the water and holding on the side of the boat he held her head out of water until several on the pier came to his assistance. She weighed 250 pounds and it took four men to get her out of the water onto the pier.
A Mrs. Zeigler, of Peru, who fell into the watr in front of the Colonial hotel, when the boat in which she was riding was upset as the result of the woman's moving when scared by the waves made by a launch, was rescued by Charles Knight, a hero of the flood. She was resuscitated by the prompt attention of Frank Slevin and Sheriff Coplen. "Capt." Kennedy, of Peru, was also in the boat.
Other Incidents
A horse driven by Pete Daine, of Akron, caused a little distrubance by becoming frightened by the crowd.
The five year old boy of Harry Bruggs was struck by a bicycle and knocked to the ground, but not hurt badly.
On 16th and Main streets, a buggy and an auto clashed sides, doing considerable damage to the buggy.
Miss Goldie Horner succumbed to the heat during the afternoon in front of the Ross book store. She was taken into Dr. Camp's office upstairs, where restoratives were applied.
An unknown woman fainted in front of Siegfried's bakery, on north Main street. Dr. King was called and attended to her.
Anson Lentz, of Peru, was on top of the Republican office with a revolving camera, when one of the legs of the tripod slipped, allowing the machine to fall to the side walk, a distance of 20 feet. The camera was worth $200 and was perhaps totally ruined.
The moving pictures which were taken Tuesday, will be shown at "My Show" next Monday and Tuesday, if nothing happens.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 18, 1913]

[LENGTHY ADDRESS BY REV. NYCE - - - - - - - - - - - ]
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 18, 1913]

PERU CROWD WAS NEAR 5,000
The largest crowd of Peru people ever taken out of that city in one day attended the Tuesday celebration at Rochester.
The Lake Erie & Western brought 3,433 to Rochester out of Peru on the four special trains and probably 100 more on the regular trains. The special equipment provided by the L. E. & W. for hauling the crowds, which by the way, had no kick on the service given, consisted of 41 passenger cars and three baggage coaches. Out of Deedsville 91 tickets were sold; Denver 144; Wagoners 90; Macy 140 and other points contributed to swell the crowds brought in on the special trains from Peru to Rochester. It is estimated that probably 600 or more people motored to Rochester from Peru.
Fifty-six tickets were sold to Rochester from Plymouth on account of "Peru Day." Quite a number came from Argos and Plymouth in autos.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 19, 1913]

WHY IT FAILED TO ARRIVE
Speaking of the Peru fire truck failure to appear here Tuesday, the Chronicle says:
"The new fire truck belonging to the city was not taken to Rochester yesterday for more than one reason. First, and foremost, it had no business there, as its services and the services of the firemen might be required at home any time in case of fire. One member of the Commercial club couldn't see why one truck could not be spared because, as he argued, the city owned two. The very reason the city bought two was the probable breaking out of fire in two or more parts of town at the same time. Had the fire truck been at Rochester and this occurred the citizens could not have found expression enough in abuse of the council. Fortunately no fire occurred, but there might have been plenty of work for the firemen.
"Another reason was that the machine was in no condition to go to Rochester. Gus Hite, a member of the council who has a good knowledge of mechanism, examined the car late Monday night and found that it was not in working order. Later investigation showed that somebody had been tampering with the machine and had "jamed" it to such an extent that it will have to be repaired before it can be used."
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 19, 1913]

PERU DAY FILM IS SHOWN HERE
The Peru Day film was shown at "My Show," Monday night, to three large audiences, which were well pleased with them. They give views of all the important events of the day, except the presentation of the key of the city by Mayor Smith to Mayor Kreutzer, of Peru. They are the first motion pictures ever taken in Rochester.
The first part of the film shows the automobile parade. Following is the second parade, in which the bands and marchers took part. The leaders, Marshal Chamberlain and Hugh McCaffery, of Peru, look well in the picture, both being on horses and not moving rapidly at the time the picture was taken. The different bands are easily distinguished, as are a few individuals. In this part Wm. Hetzner takes a prominent position.
Aviation Picture
Pictures taken of the flight by aviator Beech are excellent, showing the best view of a landing ever shown in the city. There follow views of the carnival, the crowd and the electric light plant. The picture will be shown tonight and Wednesday night, after which it will be shown in all the surrounding towns as well as Muncie, Logansport and Peru. The film is over 500 feet in length.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 24, 1913]
HEROES REWARD
The Carnegie Institute has taken up the case of the six year old son of Roma "Red" Mays, the C. & O. conductor, who lost his life after and while performing such noble and heroic rescue work in South Peru during the flood in March, and will educate the little fellow.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 11, 1913]

HOWE PLANT FAILS
The Indiana Manufacturing company, operating Peru's biggest industry known as the Howe plant, has filed a petition for a receiver in the Miami county court. This action was brought about because of the heavy losses suffered last spring by the damaging flood.
[Rochester Sent inel, Wednesday, August 27, 1913]

TO THANK OTHERS
In three special cars over the Winona lines and accompanied by a band, a large delegation of Peru people will pay tribute to Warsaw, Goshen, Elkhart, Mishawaka and South Bend, Friday, for help given during the flood. Already a good big crowd has been assured and it may be found necessary to charter a large number of cars by the day for the trip.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 3, 1913]

PERU PLANS TO ENTERTAIN
On Thursday, October 2, Peru will entertain the people of surrounding cities who came to their aid during the flood which destroyed property and lives early last spring. This entertainment will be a part of a gala week, which is planned. A big barbecue will be the feature of the special "guest day" and the Peru citizens declare that they will do everything in their power to entertain their visitors royally and to show them their appreciation for the help rendered.
A special invitation will be extended to the people of Warsaw, Winona Lake, Milforrd, Leesburg, Mentone, Akron, Pierceton, Silver Lake, Claypool, Goshen, Elkhart, South Bend, Mishawaka, Rochester and other cities and towns who sent provisions and boats.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, September 8, 1913]

LOCAL CONCERN GETS CONTRACT
The Rochester Bridge Company was successful Tuesday in securing one of the largest bridge contracts in the history of the concern, when the bid of the local firm for the Broadway bridge over the Wabash in Peru, was found to be the lowest of seven, and accepted. The amount of the bid was $36,100.
The bridge, which will be of steel with concrete floor, will replace the one washed away by the flood. It will have three spans of 112 feet each, and will be 62 feet wide, including the walks. Work on the structure will commence at once, despite the objection, which according to the Peru Journal, has been raised from the start by citizens, because the commissioners intend to build a bridge that has no more waterway than the bridge washed out during the flood. A number of citizens have insisted that more room be given the water to prevent it backing up above the bridge.
The commissioners have forwarded a copy of the plans and specifications of the proposed bridge to the war department but as yet have had no word from there.
The Bids
Bids were submitted on a set of plans prepared by the Rochester Company also, but the commissioners stood by the county's own plans. Unless there is some unforseen delay or court litigation it is hoped to have some sort of temporary wood flooring in the bridge by January. The wooden flooring is for the winter and in the spring a concrete flooring will be put in. According to the contract awarded the Rochester Bridge Company, the bridge is to be completed, concrete flooring and all by April 1st, next year. Had the commissioners consented to have the bridge constructed with block flooring, the bridge would be completed by February 1st, next.
Chronicle Rejoices
The Peru Chronicle says: Peru people generally will be glad to see a Rochester concern get the contract, as the people of that city generally have been very good to us in the time of need.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 10, 1913]

TO SELL FACTORY
Final arrangements in the agreement between the majority and minority stock holders of the Indiana Manufacturing Company, (Howe Factory), Peru, for the sale of the factory on October 9th, were perfected Tuesday afternoon. The sale will be made by the Wabash Valley Trust Company at Peru, in the latter's office between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. on October 9th.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 12, 1913]

ALL ABOARD FOR PERU [APPRECIATION DAY] WEDNESDAY
Badges
All the people who go to Peru, Wednesday, are urged to call at the SENTINEL office and get a badge. The management has ordered a number printed for those who make the trip. They are free.
__________

Rochester will be well represented at Peru, Wednesday, if the present arrangements are carried out.
It was decided at a meeting of the citizens, Tuesday evening, to go to Peru, Wednesday, instead of Thursday, as the former day was set by the Peru people for the entertainment of those who helped during the flood. The rates on the railroad will be the same Wednesday as the day following when the special will be run.
The Citizens and Manitou bands will accompany the delegation Wednesday. It is thought at least 200 people will make the trip. Peru has made great preparations to entertain their guests tomorrow. Besides the barbecue, numerous out door attractions are on the program. They promise to have something doing every minute of the day.
When the local delegation arrives at Peru they will form in a line and headed by the two bands will march down Broadway to the bridge.
A Big Time
The following taken from the Peru Chronicle indicates the preparations that are being made.
"Some trouble has been experienced in placing the attractions, the show owners all insisting on having the most desirable places, but this will be overcome by the committee. There are a large number of first class shows being located.
"The trenches have been completed for the barbecue feature and the rails laid on which the meats will be roasted. The fires will be started Wednesday and the most careful attention will be given for the preparation of the several beeves that will be barbecued.
"With favorable weather Peru will witness one of the biggest weeks and more people will be entertained than ever before in its history, and it is well known the city has a reputation for hospitality second to none anywhere."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, September 30, 1913]

OVER 350 ATTEND FESTIVAL AT PERU
Headed by two local bands, a delegation of over 350 people went to Peru today to attend the fall festival, see the barbecue and in other ways show the city south that Rochester appreciated the large attendance that Peru gave this city June 17th.
Today was designated as Appreciation day by the Peruvians. Other surrounding cities sent large delegations and the city expects to entertain 10,000 people.
Arriving at the depot in Peru, the local delegation will form in line and headed by the Citizens band will march down Broadway to the bridge. After the parade the bands will be given stations where they will play at regular intervals.
A feature of the parade will be a drove of geese driven by a committee of eight men. Each of the following men will drive a goose holding the bird by a long ribbon. Jesse Chamberlain, Charley Bailey, Buck Ream, Con Ditton, Earl Burns, Dee Reiter and Fred Perschbacher. They will lead the parade.
Peru expects to have the biggest celebration in the history of the city. Besides the barbecue, Broadway is lined with shows of first class attractions and other features too numerous to mention.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 1, 1913]

ROCHESTER DAY AT PERU FESTIVAL
Rochester sent a splendid delegation to the city today, says Wednesday's Peru Chronicle. On the program Wednesday had been designated "Appreciation Day," and the hospitable little city on the north sent a large crowd in appreciation of the immense gathering at that place on Peru day.
The delegation was lead by a half dozen young Rochester gentlemen driving geese attached to long red ribbons. The geese had been trained by Con Ditton and Jesse Chamberlain for this special occasion and marched with the precision of soldiers. Behind them came the Rochester band followed by a parade of men and women, the Manitou band bringing up the rear.
Did Itself Proud
They formed a line of march at the depot and came south on Broadway and east on Third street to the Chronicle office, countermarching to Broadway. A number came down who did not join the parade, and although Rochester did itself proud in the numbers and class of attendance at our Fall Festival. [sic]
Orangizers
The men who organized and conducted the party from Rochester today and to whom success of the trip is due are John B. Hoover, Charls H. Bailey, Fred - - - -, Jess Chamberlain, Dee Reiter, - - - - - - - -, George Ream, Con Ditton and Earl Burns.
Thursday, however, is the one big day -- the jumbo of them all -- barbecue day, when 24,000 people are expected and from which the amplest arrangements have been made.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 2, 1913]

THE FLOOD LOSS
The total money loss due to the spring flood, including loss to railroad, telegraph and telephone business, about one hundred and sixty-three million dollars. Of this amount more than seventy per cent was in Ohio and Indiana. The loss to farms and farm property, including prospective crops, was about eleven million dollars.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 4, 1913]

BRIDGE HELD UP
The Broadway bridge over the Wabash at Peru, for which the Rochester Bridge company has a $36,000 contract, is still being held up, pending the passage of a bill (through Congress), permitting the erection of the span. The bill has passed the house, but the Senate is holding it up until Peruvians make a complete survey of the situation, in order that the right kind of a bridge may be built.
[Rochester Sent inel, Monday, October 20, 1913]

HOW PERU HAS "COME BACK"
"Come Back!" That's what Peru did after the disastrous floods of last March. Came back with a vengeance, and today is a "bigger and better" Peru. This was done quickly and with more gameness that one can find in most cities of 10,000 inhabitants.
Conservative estimates place the flood damage at "about" $66 per capita, or about $1,000,000; but farsighted business men declare that the city is $2,000,000 richer in experience. The flood awakened a keen sense of civic pride, brought the people closer together, and Peru as a city, today realizes more than ever before what it means to have every shoulder to the wheel in an effort to push the city to the front.
Today one can hardly see any evidence of the flood. Were it not for the condition of a few bridges that were washed away it would be difficult for the stranger to realize that the city had ever been visited by such a calamity.
The lesson of the flood there is that the dike system is not suitable prevention. Dredging and better drainage is favored for Peru. Thousands of dollars are being spent on new bridges, and the new structures are being built high enough to escape future floods.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 8, 1913]

BRIDGE COMPANY PLEASED
All suits against the Miami county commissioners in the matter of the injunction filed to restrain the contractors from going ahead with the construction of the new Peru Broadway bridge were dismissed in the Miami circuit court, Friday morning and the construction of the bridge by the Rochester bridge comany will be rushed as quickly as possible.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 1, 1913]

FLOOD OF 1937
COLE BROTHERS' CIRCUS EQUIPMENT OFFERED
TO GOV. TOWNSEND FOR FLOOD SUFFERERS
Clifford M.Townsend, governor of Indiana and the American Red Cross
Society today were offered all or any part of the equipment of the Cole Brothers Clyde Beatty Circus to be used in flood relief work in Indiana or any surrounding state.
The offer was made by Jess Adkins and Zack Terrell, owners of the circus who have a personal interest in the flood situation as they are natives of two cities in the stricken area. Mr. Adkins was reared at Paoli, Ind., and Mr. Terrell at Owensboro, Ky., where they have a number of relatives now residing.
The circus owners have offered five of their sleeping cars and a dining car capable of serving 50 persons at one meal. This could be transformed into a hospital unit if need be. The sleeping cars are furnished throughout with blankets and mattresses and would provide accommodations for two hundred persons.
Useful Equipment
Mr. Terrell and Mr. Adkins offered the circus cooking equipment and the crew of men which man it. This equipment could provide meals for 1000 persons at a time. Lighting equipment of the circus which generates its power from gasoline engines is also offered. This lighting plant is in four units of 25 K.W.s each which can be operated either as a single unit or in four units. The lighting equipment is mounted on wheels.
Other equipment which could be sent from the circus property is flat-cars, fifty teams of baggage horses and drivers, four trucks, and elephants. The elephants could be used for boosting property which had mired in mud and which could not be reached by trucks or tractors. The elephants could be blanketed and would suffer little from exposure.
Following is a copy of the telegram which was sent to Gov. Townsend by Mr. Adkins and Mr. Terrell.
Rochester, Indiana
January 25, 1937
Governor Clifford M. Townsend
Capitol Building
Indianapolis, Indiana.
We offer for flood sufferers all of our available equipment to be used at your disposal or disposal of the American Red Cross five pullman sleeping cars fully equipped with mattresses and blankets, one dining car complete with stove and dishes, one field kitchen complete, one one-hundred KW electric plant mounted on wheels, one thousand feet cable, four panel body, one and one-half ton trucks, fifty teams of horses with drivers, kindly advise if interested in using any of above equipment, stop. we keenly feel responsibility of citizens in doing all possible to relieve flood sufferers and we offer our whole hearted co-operation.
Cole Bros. Circus
Jess Adkins and
Zack Terrell, Owners
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 25, 1937]

COMMITTEES AT WORK
Meeting was called here today by Mayor James Babcock at which time a committee was appointed which will take charge of work here for the relief of persons in the flood stricken areas.
This is no new task for residents of this city as they cared for refugees from Peru and Logansport during the floods in 1913.
The committee appointed to look after flood relief work will raise money, collect food and clothing and get trucks to transport the supplies.
Another committee has been appointed to get power and row boats at Lake Manitou and other lakes in Fulton county and assemble them here. These boats will be manned by fishermen and fishermen's guides. Many of the boats will have the same man in charge as they had when they did rescue work in Peru and Logansport in 1913.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 25, 1937]
GOVERNOR ACCEPTS OFFER TO USE CIRCUS PROPERTY
Governor Clifford Townsend today, on behalf of the American Red Cross Society, accepted the kindly offer of Jess Adkins and Zack Terrell, owners of the Cole Brothers-Clyde Beatty Circus for the use of circus equipment for the relief of sufferers in the flood stricken area in southern Indiana.
The governor asked for the use of the five Pullmans owned by the circus, dining car which has a seating capacity of forty, flat car and the four portable electric lighting units which are used in furnishing light for the circus while it is on tour.
Each of the lighting units are mounted on wheels. These units were placed on the flat car. The Pullmans have sleeping accommodations for 400 persons which includes blankets and mattresses.
Hospital Unit
It is thought that the Pullmans and dining car will be used for a hospital unit. The proffer of Cole Brothers Circus properties was made Monday to Gov. Townsend by Mr. Adkins and Mr. Terrell, who were reared in cities in the flood stricken area.
The city of Louisville broadcast over station WHAS at 4 o'clock Tuesday morning asking for the use of one of the lighting units in a hospital in this city. This unit was being made ready to move to Louisville when Gov. Townsend asked for the other circus equipment.
When the governor's orders were received circus officials and employees worked double time to get all units in readiness for service in the flood stricken zone.
Special Train
The orders received by Mr. Adkins and Mr. Terrell are to the effect that the Nickel Plate railroad will send a crew here from Peru which will arrive sometime between 6 and 7 o'clock Tuesday evening to move the circus cars in a special train.
The train is to be sent to the flood beleaguered city of Jeffersonville. The train has been given the right of way over all other trains on the Nickel Plate to Indianapolis.
Over Big Four
At Indianapolis the train will be turned over to the Big Four railroad whose officials have also given a like preferential order as that given over the Nickel Plate. The train is expected to arrive in Jeffersonville early Wednesday morning.
The circus is sending a full crew of their employees to man the Pullman and dining car and to care for the lighting equipment. As soon as the Ohio river lowers one of the lighting units will be moved to Louisville.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 25, 1937]

COLE CIRCUS TRAIN IS STILL IN JSE INFLOOD RELIEF WORK
Jess Adkins and Zack Terrell, owners of the Cole Brothers Circus, today received word from their circus units now being used by Governor Clifford Townsent and the American Red Cross Society in alleviating suffering in the flood stricken areas in southern Indiana.
The five Pullmans, dining car and several of the lighting units are being used as a part of a hospital train by the Indiana State Board of Health. The train was first stationed at Jeffersonville and when only seventeen cases needing hospitalization were found there, it was moved to New Albany.
Although only a few miles separate Jeffersonville and New Albany it was necessary for the train to traverse 125 miles in moving between the two cities. The train was routed via North Vernon, Seymour and Mitchell, where it is now used in aiding sick and injured.
The cooking outfit used by the circus in traveling about the country during the summer months is at Osgood as is also the mess tent and four of the circus lighting units. 1000 refugees are being fed three times daily in the circus mess tent.
Those in charge of the train from the Cole Brothers Circus include P. A. McGrath, trainmaster; Al Dean, chef, assisted by four helpers; Joe Kuta, superintendent of properties; Louis Scott, superintendent of electric light plants and Tom Poplin, superintendent of train lighting.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 28, 1937]

CIRCUS LIGHT PLANT IS IN USE AT OSGOOD, IND.
Three coaches which had been loaned to the American Red Cross Society by Jess Adkins and Zack Terrell, owners of the Cole Brothers Circus, were returned today to the winterquarters. These coaches were not equipped to be heated by steam.
Five Pullmans owned by the circus are still in use in southern Indiana's flood stricken territory as part of a hospital unit which is being used under direction of the Indiana State Board of Health.
This train was first sent to Jeffersonville, later to New Albany and yesterday was sent across the Ohio River to be used at Louisville. The train was later to be moved to Jeffersonville to help in the final evacuation of that city which was ordered by military authorities.
The circus mess outfit, which is capable of serving 1000 persons at each meal is still at Osgood where a refugee camp has been established by the Red Cross. It was thought that the mess outfit was to be moved to another refugee camp.
The circus lighting plant was used last night to light the town of Osgood as the power plant in that city was disabled due to the flood.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 29, 1937]

FULTON COUNTY PHYSICIANS IN FLOODED DISTRICT
Two Fulton County physicians are now at work in the flooded district of Southern Indiana helping to administer to the sick and injured.
They are Dr. Glen Lord of Kewanna, who has been sent to Lawrenceburg and Dr. Jack Ferry of Akron, who has been assigned to Cannellton.
The physicians were among thirty doctors assigned to duty by Dr. V. K. Harvey, secretary of the Indiana State Board of Health.
__________

Miss Marjorie Barr, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Earl Barr of Akron, is in the flood area at Louisville, but is believed to be safe. Mr. Barr was in contact with her by telephone Sunday but has not been able to reach her since that time.
Fortunately the apartment building in which Miss Barr resides has its own private well so those who live there are in no dange of an immediate water shortage.
__________

Mrs. Orbra Taylor, chairman of the Fulton County Red Cross Society, reported at noon today that the collections in this county so far are slightly over $3,500.
By the time every one has been given an opporltunity to contribute the sum, it is believed, will total $4,000.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 29, 1937]

FLOOD OF 1943
NEIGHBORING CITIES AIDED BY ROCHESTER
Rochester today had extended a helping hand toward the inundated cities of Logansport and Peru and was prepared to act further if flood conditions became worse.
Boats to help in the evacuation of families located by the swirling flood waters were sent yesterday to both Logansport and Peru, and others were held in readiness.
At least 19 or 20 families were known to have come from the two cities to homes of friends or relatives in Rochester and Fulton county to await abatement of the flood waters.
Mayor O. I. Minter said that all of Rochester's resources had been placed at the disposal of flood authorities.
Minter said 2 boats had been sent to Peru and Logansport by the emergency boat committee composed of Kenneth Overstreet, chairman, County Agent M. J. Huxley and Carlton Haskett.
The mayor said that he was in contact with municipal and emergency authorities, and would be advised immediately of other needs, such as for food or clothing.
In many other ways, Rochester was preparing to do its "all" to help relieve conditions caused by the floods.
Jack Gordon, superintendent of the city waterworks, and Arthur Smith, of the Rochester fire department, went to Delphi Tuesday to assist in maintenance of the water system. Delphi has had no water supply for 14 hours, and a water pump was loaned to the city by Deniston and Garber of Rochester.
Hugh Rogers, city superintendent of streets, Did Newman of the street department and Earl Graham of the city police department assisted in the evacuation work. They also hauled boats to Logansport.
The Fulton county Red Cross chapter, of which Mayor Minter is chairman and Mrs. Bessie Fretz is executive secretary, offered the facilities of the local Red Cross chapter to Miami and Cass counties.
In a telephone communication with Peru and Logansport, Mayor Minter was requested to make an appeal that sight-seers remain away from the inundated areas for the present. Traffic, it was explained, causes the emergency efforts to become congested.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, May 19, 1943]

FLOOR, GROVER [Disko, Indiana]
FIGHTS WITH GUN
A shooting affray that happened at Lost Lake, two miles northeast of Akron, August 7, has just been given to the public.
It seems that Grover Floor, of near Disko, and a young man by the name of Young, who lives near Rock Lake, were at the place named and quarreled over the possession of a boat. After a war of words Floor left and later returned with a shotgun. It is alleged he aimed at Young and fired but instead of hitting his adversary the shot took effect in the arm of Everett John, a seventeen year old boy, who had stood close by, an innocent victim of the quarrel. However, the wound caused was not serious and the young man has now recovered.
The matter of the shooting was kept secret from the public, and Monday of this week Sheriff Miller went to the home of Floor to place him under arrest. However, when he arrived at the Floor home the man wanted had fled and is still at large.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 19, 1908]

FLORA, ALBERT E. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Albert E. Flora)

FLORENTINE SANDWICH SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
SANDWICH SHOP
Mrs. Otis Hagen announced today that she will open a new sandwich shop Saturday in the room at 606 Main Street. The new establishment which has been named the Florentine Sandwich Shop will serve not only sandwiches but short orders, pies and soft drinks. The room has been attractively arranged. Both counter and table service will be given.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 16, 1932]

FLOUR CITY
Nickname for Rochester, because of at least three flour mills.

FLOUR MILL [Rochester, Indiana]
Located on 8th Street across the street from the old L.E.& W. depot.
Operated by John W. Whittenberger, who sold the mill around 1913 and moved to Akron, where he operated another flour mill. This was located at the south end of West Street.
[Jacob Whittenberger Family, Velma Bright, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FLOUR MILLS [Rochester, Indiana]
Both located N Madison St.
One owned by Robert Wallace.
The other owned by David Cooper.

FLOWING WELLS [Rochester, Indiana]
Also see Hotels, Mineral
__________

MAGNETIC SPRING WATER
The flowing spring discovered at Manitau Park Place, east bank of Lake Manitau, promises to be a bonanza for its owner. Many who have drunk of the water experienced exhilerating effects and it was decided to have it analyzed. A quantity of it was sent to Capt. Swadley, a Wabash druggist, and he found it impregnated with several health giving minerals and, best of all, with magnetic properties. Pieces of steel, after being laid in the water a while, are so thoroughly magnetized they will pick up needles and other pieces of metal just like a highly charged magnet.
Capt. Swadley was here over Sunday and in a talk with the SENTINEL, gave it as his opinion that drinking the water from the Woodworth spring will effect the same cure of rheumatic, kidney and liver trouble that they get at French Lick, Martinsville and other Indiana mineral springs.
People who have rheumatic trouble are invited to send to the spring and get water and drink it. It will cost them nothing and in that way the medicinal quality of the water may be fully proven.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 13, 1902]

FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH
It may be a matter of surprise to some of our readers and to others a source of gratification, to know that the water from the magnetic spring on the east bank of Lake Manitau has almost cured one patient of a severe case of rheumatism of long standing, and is helping others.
Capt. G. W. Swadley, of Wabash, who first became attracted to the spring by reason of its strong megnetic properties, caused an analysis of the water to be made some time ago. This analysis demonstrated that the water contained medicinal properties which would dissolve uric acid poison. This acid is said to be the basis of what is called rheumatism. Capt Swadley then induced Amon Entsminger, who was at that time confined to his bed with rheumatism, to try this water. Today Capt Swadley and Mr. Entsminger walked into the SENTINEL office, and the latter was loud in his praises of the efficacy of the watr in his case. He says he is nearer free from disease than he has been for years, and feels assured that the water will eventually bring him renewed youth. Several other afflicted ones in Rochester are drinking this water with gratifying results.
Capt. Swadley and the owners of the land on which the spring is located desire that all who are afflicted shall come out and use all the water they want. Capt. Swadley says he would like to have it thoroughly tested locally, and if it proves what he thinks it will, a big sanitarium, with baths, etc., will be built there. He claims the water to be the best natural system renovator, blood purifiet and tonic in the world, and believes it will make well people of the sick if they will use it.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 25, 1902]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Ambrose Alspach has fitted the flowing well at his residence on east Center street with hydraulic water-ram which doubles the force of the water, and it now spurts about twelve feet from the top of the ground.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 18, 1904]

FOUND FLOWING WELL
Yesterday evening while drilling a well on Charles Langsdorf lot north of the Erie railroad, some workmen struck a flowing well at the depth of seventy-two feet. The well is a fine one and spouts forth pure, cold water. It will be piped to the Langsdorf home for their use. Some years ago when they were drilling an oil well opposite the place where the Langsdorf home now stands, a flowing well was struck at about a depth of seventy-five feet, and a drill and some other tools were lost. This well however, soon ceased to flow. It is not surprising that such a well was found for the land along that portion of the creek bottom is of the nature where artesian wells are found. Fulton county has but few flowing wells and Mr. Langsdorf is to be congratulated on having such an excellent water supply.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 4, 1907]

MAY OPEN SANITARIUM
A widespread report that has gained much credit is that Mrs. Patterson, a wealthy Indianapolis woman who owns the mineral well at East Side has purchased forty adjoining acres to her property and will erect a sanitarium.
The rumor has it that the new buildings will be built this summer and that by fall the Lake Manitou resort will have as fine a mineral water sanitarium as can be found anywhere.
It has long been known that the water which gushes from the spring contains pronounced medicinal qualities and in fact they were tried with some success though not fully developed several years ago.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 5, 1909]

FIND FLOWING WELLS
Two flowing wells have been located in the past few days by S. S. Mutchler and Son, the last being driven on the John Downs farm south of Rochester, and the other on the Frank Bryant farm just northwest of the city. The Downs well furnishes an abundance of good clear water. The Mutchlers drove six wells during the first three days of this week.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 12, 1913]

FLOOR FLOWING WELL
A well that excites the curiosity of all who see it is located on the Samuel Floor farm about a mile north of Disko in this county. Winter and summer, day and night, a steady stream of water runs from this well, coming with a great deal of force. Tests have shown that it throws out 156 gallons a minute. The well is on a bank probably eight feet above the level of the road and the pipe that the water runs from is nearly four feet above the ground.
The water dashes from an inch pipe with enough force to knock a tin cup from the hands of a novice who seeks to get a drink there, the only way to fill a cup being to tip the edge of it slightly into the stream of water and thus shave off enough from the sides of the stream to fill a cup. The water is clear, cool and sparkling at all times and flows with apparently the same force through winter and summer, dry and wet weather. No one knows where the water comes from, but the head wherever it is, must be forty to fifty feet above the top of the pipe at the well.
The well was made for Samuel Floor about six years ago. When the pipe was driven down seventy-three feet this vein of water was tapped and the water gushed out several feet above the top of the pipe. Since then it has continued to flow. That there is a connection between this well and a spring on the Levi Floor farm is evident, for as soon as the well was opened the spring that had been supplying water for years quit business and went dry.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 18, 1924]

FLOX, M. [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL NEWS
M. Flox's new store is the first door south of Conner's meat market.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 17, 1901]

[Adv] M. Flox Fall Opening. - - - This Fall Opening Sale commences Saturday Oct 13 ends Sat Oct 27. - - - - M. FLOX, North End, Rochester.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 11, 1906]

M. FLOX WILL REMAIN HERE
After hunting all over the state for a suitable location, M. Flox failed to find an opening for a store, and has decided to remain in Rochester and will open up a large department store in the room formerly occupied by the Four Bros' grocery.
Mr. Flox come to the conclusion at the first of the year that he would move to a larger town and made all preparations to do so, packing up all of his unsold goods and started out to hunt for an opening. After looking over the majority of the towns of the state, of twenty thousand population and over, he came to the conclusion that Rochester was as good a business center as any town in the state for its size.
He will put in an up-to-date department store with the exception of groceries and will make shoes and dry goods his specialty. Mr. Flox is a good substantial busiess man and everybody will be pleased to learn that he is to remain in this city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 12, 1907]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
A few days ago while Samuel Vanblaricum was at work in ditch on the farm of John McDougle, three miles south of town, he struck a rapid flowing spring at the bottom of the ditch which proved to be a "gusher."
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 7, 1907]

FLOYD, GLEN W. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Glen W. Floyd)

FLU EPIDEMIC - 1918 [Fulton County]
DEAN MIKESELL DIES IN SERVICE
Word was received here Monday morning of the death Sunday night at 11:55 in the hospital at the Great Lakes Naval Training Station, Chicago, of Dean W. MIKESELL, 22, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. E. H. MIKESELL of near Wagoners.
He was taken to the hospital on Sunday, Sept. 8, suffering with grip and pneumonia, and as his case was quarantined, it is believed that he was afflicted with Spanish Influenza, an epidemic of which is now sweeping the country. With him at the end, were his parents and Miss Dawn REED, of Akron.
Mikesell was a radio student at the station, having entered June 7, of this year. He was a 1915 graduate of the Rochester high school and after a normal course at Tri State college, Angola, Ind., taught school in this county for three years, the last at Woodrow school, near Rochester.
Besides the parents, who were expected home Monday afternoon, there survive four brothers, Von [MIKESELL], Victor [MIKESELL], Kenneth [MIKESELL] and Arthur [MIKESELL] and a sister, Orpha [MIKESELL].
The body will be brought here for burial. Arrangements later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, September 23, 1918]

SPANISH FLU FRAY LAUNCHED
Dr. C. J. Loring, county health officer, Monday morning received an order from Dr. J. N. Hurty, secretary of the State Board of Health, requiring him to close all schools, churches and places of public amusement in Fulton county until further orders, on account of the prevalence of the Spanish Influenza epidemic.
The order also requires the immediate cessation of all public meetings in the county and every county physician is required to report all cases of influenza to the health officer, who, in turn, is required to make a daily report to the State Health board.
This move is general thruout the state and while there are but few cases of the epidemic in Fulton county, the order is made as a precautionary measure to prevent further spread of the disease.
Secretary Hurty's telegram to Dr. Loring follows:
"You are hereby ordered to close all schools, churches and places of public amusement and forbid all public meetings in your county until further notice, account epidemic influenza. Require your physicians to report all cases of epidemic of influenza to health officer and health officer report daily to state board of health. Communicate this promptly to all health officers in your county by order of the State Board of Health.
J. N. Hurty."
The city schools, which had convened before the order was received here, were ordered closed at noon by Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, acting with Dr. C. J. Loring, county officer.
County Supt. T. F. Berry stated that all township trustees would meet in Rochester Monday and that the order would go into effect in the county schools as soon as word could be carried to them, probably Tuesday morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 7, 1918]

INFLUENZA CLAIMS FULTON COUNTY BOY
Word was received early Monday of the death of the second Fulton county boy in a training camp, due to Spanish Influenza, Pvt. Claude CLYMER, 21, son of Mr. and Mrs. Harry CLYMER succumbing at Camp Taylor at 1:45 a.m. Dean MIKESELL was the first to die.
Clymer was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Harry CLYMER, of near Talma, who were with him when he died. He had been ill a week. He was among the 33 Fulton county boys who went to camp early in September. Besides the parents there survive a brother, Forest [CLYMER], at home, and a sister, Mrs. Clarence POWERS, Argos.
Funeral arrangements are unknown.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 7, 1918]

INFLUENZA CLAIMS TWO MORE VICTIMS
Pvt. Martin Augustine IRVINE, 24, son of Mr. and Mrs. M. A. IRVINE, of this city, died Tuesday at 1:00 p.m. at Fort Wood, New York, a victim of pneumonia, according to a telegram received by his parents Tuesday afternoon. He was probably another influenza victim.
Pvt Irvine was born in Rochester, October 21st, 1893, where he made his home up to the time of his enlistment in the Quartermaster Corps in December, 1917. Besides the parents, there survive five brothers, Charles G. [IRVINE], now in France and Conrad [IRVINE], Wilbert [IRVINE], Milo [IRVINE] and Galebert [IRVINE] and a sister, Rozine [IRVINE], all of Rochester.
The body will be brot to Rochester for burial. No funeral arrengements have been made.
Mr. and Mrs. Irvine's first word of their son's illness came in a letter from him received last Friday, in which he stated that he was slightly ill with the grip, but expected to be out soon.
Tuesday morning at 11 o'clock, the Irvines had a telegram from their son's medical officer that he was very low and a second telegram about two hours later telling of his demise.

Miss Mary BAUGHER, 45, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry BAUGHER of Talma, died at the home of her parents Monday evening at eight o'clock, a victim of pneumonia, which developed from Spanish influenza. Miss Baugher, who was ill only a week, was a spinster and had no brothers or sisters. Funeral arrangements not made.

Alice M. KALE, 15, died Wednesday afternoon at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alva P. KALE, near Tiosa. Death was caused by Spanish influenza. Funeral arrangements later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 8, 1918]

HARRY GINTHER, 32, ANOTHER FLU VICTIM
Harry GINTHER, 32, a former resident of Fulton county and Rochester, died at eight o'clock Wednesday morning at his home in Covington, Ky., a victim of Spanish Influenza, according to word received here.
The widow, Mrs. Carrie GINTHER, a daughter, Marjorie [GINTHER], of Leiters, a sister, Miss Louisa GINTHER, of Leiters, and two brothers, Will GINTHER, of Culver, and Henry GINTHER, of Colorado, survive.
The body will be brot to Rochester for burial.
__________

A few mild cases of influenza are reported at Akron but as yet no deaths from the disease have resulted there. Dewitt [HOSMAN], son of Dr. W. E. HOSMAN, of that place, who has been very ill with influenza and typhoid fever, is improving. No serious cases are reported over the county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 9, 1918]

TO NURSE FLU CASES IN COUNTY
Alarmed by the rapid spread of the prevalent disease, Spanish Influenza, in Fulton county, the women's committee, headed by Mrs. Perry Heath, Thursday morning took immediate steps to care for the county sick.
All of the women, who registeres some time ago for volunteer nursing work with the exception of those who are themselves ill or unable to do anything, will bbe called upon to hold themselves in readiness for duty within an hour's notice.
Those who cannot serve are requested to notify Mrs. Heath to this effect at once, so that there will be no delay in securing nurses.
Local physicians report many cases over the county. It is said that along the Michigan road north of the river, nearly every house contains a case of the "flu." There are a number of cases in Athens and between that town and Akron.

The body of Martin Augustine Irvine, who died in New York Tuesday, was expected in this city Thursday evening, following word received by the parents to the effect that it had been shipped Wednesday. Funeral arrangements were postponed pending the arrival.

The funeral services for Harry Ginther, formerly of this city, who died of Spanish Influenza at Covington, Ky., were held this morning at the I.O.O.F. cemetery, shortly after the body arrived on the 10:35 train. Mrs. Emma Camerer, mother of Mrs. Ginther, Wednesday evening received a telegram stating that Mrs. Ginther's four year old daughter was seriously ill with the same disease and that she would be unable to come for the funeral of her husband.

The funeral services for Miss Alice M. Kale, who died Wednesday afternoon will be held at the graveside Friday afternoon at 2:00 o'clock at the South Germany cemetery, Rev. O. E. Oxley in charge.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 10, 1918]

ANOTHER STEP AGAINST "FLU"
Dr. Archie BROWN, city health officer, Friday issued an order forbidding the congregating of people for card, pool or billiard games in the local pool rooms. They will be left open, however, to sell cigars and tobaccos. This order was made on account of the fear that in such places where a crowd gathered, there was danger of spreading the prevalent disease.
Health officers thruout the state will be required, by an order of the state board of health issued Wednesday, to place an influenza quarentine sign on all residences where proved cases of the disease are reported by physicians.
Dr. J. N. Hurty, secretary, said that the placing of the sign will not establish an absolute quarentine, but will be merely a precaution by the state board to protect other persons who may be unaware of the presence of the malady.
It was estimated that there were at least 6,000 cases of influenza and pneumonia scattered over an area equivalent to three-fourths of the state. The actual number of cases reported to the office of the health board up to last evening was from 32 counties and showed 2,526 cases and 13 deaths.

Word was received by relatives here late Thursday afternoon of the death of Miss Irene BUTLER, 20, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Warren BUTLER, of Logansport. She died of Spanish influenza, at Pittsburgh, Pa., where she was attending college. Her mother was at her bedside during her illness. Besides her parents, she is survived by a brother, Ben [BUTLER], who lives at home. She was a niece of Mrs. George BLACK and Mrs. John HOOVER, of this city.

MACY ITEMS
Macy received the order from the State Board of Health, Monday afternoon, that the schools and churches should be closed to prevent the spread of Spanish Influenza. There are a number of severe cases of grip both in the city and country, which is thought to be the influenza.

AKRON ITEMS
Akron schools were closed for an indefinite time on account of fear of the epidemic of Spanish influenza. Few cases if any are reported in this vicinity.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 11, 1918]

"STAY AWAY" WARNS BARNHART
Congressman H. A. Barnhart Saturday wired the SENTINEL to advise local people to stay away from Washington for the time being as the epidemic of Spanish influenza is "dangerously prevalent."
For the first time in years there will not be church services in Rochester on Sunday. This is due to the order from the State Board of Health requiring the immediate cessation of all public gatherings of any nature.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 12, 1918

INFLUENZA TOLL IN COUNTY GROWS
Spanish influenza took a toll of three in Fulton county over the week end: Mrs. Ed. Squires, of Rochester, Miss Lannie Beck, north of Rochester, and Robert Wagoner, south of the city.
Despite this fact, Dr. C. J. Loring, county health officer, stated Monday morning that "in the past two or three days, we have been getting the upper hand of the epidemic." The death rate here has been small.
Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, said that while many new cases were reported, he did not believe that the epidemic was growing. "There are just as many recoveries as there are new cases," he said.
Dr. Brown also said that if city residents continued to ignore his order regarding the burning of leaves after four o'clock, prosecutions would follow. When there is so much throat and lung sickness abroad, the smoky atmosphere induced by burning leaves, causes increased irritation.

Mrs. Etta Squires, 28, wife of Edward Squires, died at 1:30 a.m. Monday at her home on Monroe St., a victim of pneumonia, developing from Spanish influenza. She was taken ill on Thursday last.
Besides the husband, who is under a physician's care with the same disease, the parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harrison Martin, west of Rochester survive. A brother and sister are dead.

Miss Lannie Beck, 19, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Beck, north of Rochester, died Monday morning at four o'clock at the home of her parents, a victim of Spanish influenza. She was ill only a week.
There survive the parents, four sisters, Norah [Beck], of Rochester; Martha [Beck], of Claypool and Jennie [Beck] and Etta [Beck], who live with the parents, and three brothers, B. B. Beck, of this city; George [Beck] of Indianapolis, and Tom [Beck], who is in a military camp in Georgia.
Funeral arrangements later.

Robert Wagoner, six, son of Mr. and Mrs. Edward Wagoner, died Sunday afternoon at the home of his parents, six miles south of Rochester, after less than a weeks illness. Death was caused by Spanish influenza, from which the entire family is suffering, altho none is seriously ill.
Besides the parents, three brothers, Russell [Wagoner], Melvin [Wagoner] and Milo [Wagoner], who live with the parents, survive.
Funeral in the yard at the home at 2:00 p.m. Tuesday. Burial in I.O.O.F. cemetery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 14, 1918]

FLU EPIDEMIC TAKES ANOTHER
T. Fred McKAY, 34, died at the hospital Tuesday at 12:30 p.m. another Fulton county victim of Spanish influenza.
McKay, who was stricken with the disease just a week before his death, gradually grew worse until Monday night, when on account of the illness of his wife, Mrs. Pearl McKAY, he was taken to the hospital in a dying condition.
Besides the widow, his mother, Mrs. Viola McKAY, of Kokomo, two sisters, Mrs. Minnie IRVIN, of Kokomo and Mrs. Mary HALL, of Oklahoma, and a brother, Commodore McKAY, of Bremen, survive. The body will be taken to Kokomo for burial.
T. Fred McKay was born in Kokomo on September 9th, 1884, where he made his home with his parents until his marriage in 1907. Three years ago he moved to Rochester where he opened a wall paper and paint shop, conducting his business in this city until his demise.
Mrs. McKay was able to be up on Monday, and the grief stricken, was believed to be in a much improved condition on Tuesday.
__________

EPIDEMIC LESSONS
Drs. C. J. Loring and Archie Brown, county and city health officers, were of the opinion Tuesday that the epidemic in the city and county was lessening, altho there are still a number of dangerous cases. The observations of the health officers have been that if the cases are cared for properly and at the right time, there is little danger of pneumonia resulting.
__________

LIBRARY OPENED
The Public Library is now open for the exchange of books, with the sanction of Dr. Arch Brown, city health officer.
The reading room is closed and patrons are requested to remain long enough to choose their books only. All books due from October 7, including October 19, should be returned this week. No fines will be charged until after October 19.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 15, 1918]

ANOTHER IS ADDED TO INFLUENZA TOLL
Another death, that of Mrs. Estil Graffis, was added to the influenza toll Wednesday, while several other cases, notably that of Mrs. Milo Coplen, of Rochester, were reported very serious. Health officers insist, however, that the epidemic is abating.
Mrs. Estil Graffis, 29, died Tuesday evening at nine o'clock at her home five miles northeast of Rochester, a victim of Spanish influenza. She had recently recovered from an attack of typhoid fever, was taken ill with the influenza about two weeks ago and later contracted pneumonia. Outdoor funeral at the home Thursday at 2:00 p.m. Burial in Rochester I.O.O.F. cemetery. There survive the husband; three children, Wendell [Graffis], Ruth Marjorie [Graffis] and Levi Jacob [Graffis], Jr.; the parents, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Zimpleman, of North Manchester; a sister, Carrie [Zimpleman], of Wisconsin; and five brothers, George [Zimpleman], Clarence [Zimpleman], Roy [Zimpleman] and Russell Zimpleman, of North Manchester, and Orvin Zimpleman, of Pulaski county.
__________

Many Fulton county persons have recently been taking preventive steps against the flu by injections of an influenza serum, a vaccine used in the treatment of cases, as anti-toxin is used for diphtheria. During the past few days however, the supply in Rochester has been exhausted and local doctors have turned down scores of applicants for the preventive. Rush orders have been entered for the serum and a shipment is expected at any time.

Word has been received here of the death of Andrew AULT, brother of Lon AULT, and a former resident of this city, at Shelbyville, Indiana. He was a victim of Spanish influenza.
The body of Fred HOFFMAN, son of Mrs. Susan HOFFMAN of Grass Creek, was shipped to his home Tuesday. He died at Camp Taylor Tuesday, a victim of influenza.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 16, 1918]

MAY EXTEND BAN
Two more deaths were added to the Spanish influenza toll in Fulton county on Wednesday -- those of Edward Wm. Thompson, Rochester and Lester Coplen, Talma, and according to the opinion of the health officers and various city and county physicians there is little, if any, abatement of the epidemic.
Thursday afternoon, two Rochester people, Mrs. Milo Coplen and Claude Chesnut were believed to be lying at death's door and there were many other cases in the city and county in critical condition. Several new cases were reported Thursday and eight Wednesday. A supply of anti-influenza serum has been received by local doctors.
It is probable that the state wide ban on all public gatherings will be extended for a week, which would bring the time limit to Monday, Oct. 27. Dr. J. N. Hurty, secretary of the State Board of Health, announced that the epidemic was gaining in momentum over the state. There were said to be 2,580 new cases in the state Wednesday and this figure is compiled from reports of only about 50 per cent of the county health officers.
__________

Edward William THOMPSON, 35, died at his home in East Rochester, Wednesday evening at seven o'clock, after being ill with Spanish influenza for less than a week. During the last three days of his illness, Mr. Thompson was delirious and spoke of nothing but the bridge factory, where he had been employed for the past 11 years. Mrs. Thompson is also ill with the prevalent disease.
There survive the widow, Mrs. Hertha THOMPSON; two children, Everett [THOMPSON], seven, and Marjorie [THOMPSON], four; the parents, Mr. and Mrs.Samuel THOMPSON, of Leiters Ford; three brothers, James [THOMPSON], of Churubusco, Elva [THOMPSON], of Talma, and Frank [THOMPSON], of South Carolina, and a sister, Mrs. Fred BATZ, of Leiters Ford. A son, Lloyd [THOMPSON], died just a year ago.
Edward William Thompson was born in Fulton county on February 6th, 1883. On July 27th, 1907 he was married to Miss Hertha RUSSELL. He had been a life long resident of Fulton county and Rochester. Funeral arrangements later.

The body of Mrs. Clyde HOPPER, 33, who died Monday morning at her home in Rockford, Ill., of Spanish influenza, was brot to the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs.George W. MITCHELL Wednesday.
She is survived by the husband, three children, Raymond [HOPPER], Max [HOPPER] and Phyllis BRYANT, the parents, two sisters, Mrs. Daisy KELLEY and Mrs. C. M. RHODES, Rochester, and two brothers, W. T. MITCHELL, of Rockford and Roscoe MITCHELL, of Amerett, Minn.
Funeral at Athens Friday morning at 10 o'clock, Rev. David LEININGER in charge. Burial at Mt. Hope cemetery.

Lester COPLEN, 16, son of Mr. and Mrs. A. F. COPLEN, of Talma, died Wednesday night of influenza, after a weeks illness. Besides the parents, there survive two brothers and three sisters, two of the latter being Mrs. Estil FISH, at Mentone, and Mrs. Everet STOCKBERGER, of Tiosa.
IMPROVES THEATER
Manager Clyde Wilson is taking advantage of the "dark" Paramount theater hours, due to the influenza order, by having some improvements made in the front and on the inside of his show-house.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 17, 1918]

FLU BAN EXTENDED TO OCT. 26
By International News Service
Indianapolis, Oct 18 -- Dr. J. N. Hurty, secretary of the State Board of Health, announced today that the ban on schools, churches and all public meetings in Indiana would not be lifted until midnight of October 26.
The ban was to have been lifted Sunday night, but following receipt of reports from 43 counties, Dr. Hurty said he was convinced that influenza epidemic was not well enough in hand to permit the opening of public places on Sunday. New cases reported Thursday totalled 2,688.
__________

One more death occurred in Fulton county as a result of the Spanish influenza, that of Mrs. Milo Coplen, 26, of this city. Mrs. Boyd Bidwell, a former resident of this city, was also a victim. Her death occurred in New Mexico.
City and county physicians Friday were much cheered by the drop in temperature, the general concensus of their opinion being that clear frosty weather would do more towards crushing the influenza epicemic than anything else.
It was again emphasized, however, that too much care cannot be taken to avoid the malady, nor can persons afflicted, or those caring for the sick, take too many precautions against spreading the disease.
Particular stress is being laid upon the absolute necessity for using gauze breathing masks when near those who are ill. __________

Mrs. Milo COPLEN, 26, died at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Marion PORTER, East 14th St., Thursday night at 11 o'clock a victim of Spanish influenza. She was taken ill just 10 days preceding her death. The husband, parents and a son, Francis Porter COPLEN, three, survive. Funeral at the house Saturday afternoon, Rev. F. Z. BURKETTE, of Greensburg, in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.
Mrs. Hannabel COPLEN was born in Rochester on March 25th, 1892, the only child of Mr. and Mrs. Marion PORTER. She was educated in this city, making her home with her parents until her marriage in August 1914 to Milo COPLEN. Just before the wedding she was for some time the bookkeeper at the SENTINEL office.

Word has been received of the death of Mrs. Boyd BIDWELL, formerly Miss Ethel O'DAFFER, of this city. Mrs. Bidwell was enroute from her home to Los Angeles, California, to South Bend, for a visit with her parents, when she became ill with Spanish influenza on the train. She was in New Mexico at the time of her death. Besides her husband, she leaves a mother, father, two brothers and two sisters. The body will probably be brought to this city for burial.

Funeral services for Ed THOMPSON, who died Wednesday evening, will be held Sunday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock in the yard at the home, the Moose lodge in charge and the service by Rev. George CRANE. A brother, Frank THOMPSON, stationed at Camp Sevier, S.C., is expected here Saturday. Burial at the I.O.O.F. cemetery.

MACCABEE WOMEN FIGHT FLU
The local review of the Woman's Benefit Association of the Maccabees has received instructions from Miss Bina M. West, supreme commander of the association to organize at once in giving efficient aid to the government and civic authorities in checking Spanish influenza.
As the Association has well established hospital committees and a membership of 195,000 women thruout the United States, it is well equipped to aid. The organization is represented in this locality by Manitou Review, with Mrs. Maude Schreyer, commander and Mrs. Laura E. Babcock, as record keeper. Attractive cards with detailed instructions as to preventive precautions have been sent out and placed in the homes of the membership. The local review is joining with the authorities in giving all possible aid in stopping the spread of this epidemic. Mrs. Schreyer and Mrs. Jane Love, of the Hospital Service Board at Rochester, have been entrusted with this work.

OCT. 22 DRAFT CALL SUSPENDED BY FLU
The call for 26 Fulton county draftees to entrain for Camp Wadsworth, S.C., during a five day period beginning October 22nd, has been suspended on account of the Spanish influenza epidemic, according to word received by the local draft board Friday.
Local draft boards were to be ordered in a cummunication, issued Friday by Maj. Robert C. Baltzell, state draft executive, to start mailing out questionaires to the 18-year-old registrants and also to those 37 to 45 years old, inclusive. The papers are to be mailed at the rate of 10 per cent a day.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 18, 1918]

NO CHURCH SUNDAY BUT WATCH MOTORS
Tomorrow promises to be another unusual Sunday in Rochester, with the ban still clamped on all public meetings including church services. This is probably the first time in many years that no religious gatherings have been held in this state for two consecutive Sundays. The lifting of the gasoline ban in a measure offsets the church ban, for auto owners are afforded a chance tomorrow to enjoy themselves, after keeping their cars in the garage for seven consecutive Sundays.

NO FLU DEATHS ARE REPORTED
On Friday, the first day for some time, there were no deaths in Fulton county from Spanish influenza, giving ground for the belief that the epidemic has slackened. It was stated, however, by local physicians that there is a strong probability of further spread of the disease over the county and and care in avoiding it should be continued by everybody.
__________

Mr. and Mrs. John DUVALL, northeast of this city, received a telegram Friday stating that their son, Ben [DUVALL], of Jamestown, North Dakota, had died of influenza. They formerly lived west of this city, but nine years ago he moved his family to North Dakota, where he resided until the time of his death. Benjamin DUVALL was born in Illinois, Sept 27, 1872. He leaves a wife, six children, father, mother and one brother, Bert DUVALL.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 19, 1918]
THREE VICTIMS OF FLU SCOURGE OVER WEEK END
SOME ABATEMENT IS SEEN
The Spanish influenza epidemic exacted a toll of three more lives in Fulton county over the week end and there are still several people who are said to be lying at death's door with the disease. Those who succumbed were Estil GRAFFIS, northeast of the city, Claude CHESNUT, Rochester and Emil [DAGGY], son of Del DAGGY, Rochester.
It was stated, however, by local and county physicians that the epidemic has abated to some extent and with cold weather promised, it is believed that another week will see a marked change in this locality.
__________

Claude CHESNUT, 25, died at three o'clock Sunday afternoon at his home on South Elm St., after a short illness. Death was caused by Spanish influenza. The widow, Mrs.Esther CHESNUT, and daughter, Myrtle Jane [CHESNUT], who are also afflicted, were reported somewhat improved Monday.
Besides the widow and daughter, his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Chas. CHESNUT and two sisters, Misses Edith [CHESNUT] and Irene CHESNUT, of Chicago, survive. For some time, he has been employed at the bridge factory.
Funeral at the home of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles CHESNUT, corner of 14th and Elm Sts., on Tuesday afternoon, at 2:00 p.m. Burial in I.O.O.F. cemetery.

Estil GRAFFIS, 28, died Monday morning at four o'clock at his farm home northeast of Rochester, a victim of Spanish influenza, just six days after the death of his wife from the same cause. There survive three children, Wendell [GRAFFIS], Ruth Marjorie [GRAFFIS] and Levi Jacob [GRAFFIS]; the father, Levi M. GRAFFIS, of Rochester; a brother, Clarence GRAFFIS, southwest of the city and a sister, Mrs. Ray DULL, of Monroe, Mich. Outdoor funeral at the house Tuesday afternoon at two o'clock, Rev. E. Q. LAUDEMAN in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.

Emil Ray DAGGY, 21 months old son of Mr. and Mrs. Del DAGGY, Elm St., died Sunday afternoon after an illness of one week of Spanish influenza. The funeral service was held Monday afternoon at the home and burial was made in the I.O.O.F. cemetery. The Daggys have resided in this city for the past three years. The father, who is employed at the bridge factory, and the six surviving children are suffering from the disease.

The body of Mrs. Boyd BIDWELL, who died of influenza in California, will be brought to Rochester for burial some time this week.The party did not start home until Sunday.

Mr. and Mrs. Terry MOON, Mr. and Mrs. Frank YOUNG and Mr. and Mrs. Otto RICHARDSON, all of Logansport, Mr. and Mrs. L. BABCOCK, of Peru, Mr. and Mrs. Voris Lowe, of Marion and Walter PORTER, of Pontiac, Ill., attended the funeral of Mrs. Milo COPLEN in this city Saturday.

EPIDEMIC CURTAILS ACTIVITY IN COURT
"All jury trials and cases where it is necessary to have many witnesses will be continued," said Judge S. N. Stevens, of Plymouth, when he opened the October term of the Fulton circuit court at nine o'clock Monday morning.
"And furthermore, he continued, "there will be very little activity in this session of court. We must not take any chances on spreading the influenza epidemic."
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 21, 1918]

FLU EPIDEMIC NOT ABATING HERE YET
Local and county physicians Tuesday were not so certain that the influenza epidemic in this county was on the decline, several more new cases being reported. It is hoped, however, that the prevalent disease will be under control within a short time and the fact that there were no deaths on Tuesday augers for an early abatement.
_________

Mrs. Frank HOFFMAN Tuesday received word that Miss Elsa R. FARNHAM, daughter of Mrs. Louise FARNHAM, died Tuesday in Pittsburg, Pa., of pneumonia following Spanish influenza. Miss Farnham was born in this city Mar. 13, 187, [sic], but lived in Calumet, Mich., most of her life. She was a graduate of Northwestern university and had been employed until this fall at Marshall Field's in Chicago. At the time of her death, she was taking a post graduate course in the Carnegie institute at Pittsburgh. The funeral was held Saturday at Calumet. Miss Farnham often visited the HOFFMANS here.

Word was received Tuesday of the death of Miss Ellen ROSEBORG, of Hoopeston, Ill., daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Theodore ROSEBORG, of this city, caused by Spanish influenza. She is survived by a father, mother, three sisters and two brothers.

Mayor H. G. MILLER has received word of the death on Friday of Spanish influenza, of his uncle, George F. LOFBERRY, of Elizabeth, N.J. The body was taken to Valparaiso for burial on Tuesday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 22, 1918]

FLU BAN LIKELY TO BE EXTENDED
IMPROVEMENT IS SEEN HERE
Local physicians, while refusing to say Wednesday that there was any appreciable abatement of the Spanish influenza epidemic in the county, did state however, that the cases were not so severe as they have been in the past two weeks. This fact is evidenced by the decrease in deaths and numerous recoveries from the malady.
With 1,800 new cases of influenza reported by 54 counties Tuesday, officials of the state board of health practically gave up hope that the statewide closing order can be lifted Saturday midnight. The order will be extended officially by the board Friday unless there is a sudden dropping off of new cases. Judging from the experience of Eastern states, no such subsidence of the malady can be expected in Indiana.
County School Supt. T. F. Berry announced Wednesday that the final teachers' examination of the year, which is scheduled for Saturday, will be held, notwithstanding the order prohibiting all public meetings. Mr. Berry, in explanation, stated he was advised that the examination dates were set by the legislature, and consequently could not be postponed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 23, 1918]

INFLUENZA BAN EXTENSION THOT TO BE CERTAIN
By International News Service
Indianapolis, Oct 24 -- Reports to the state health board today show a slight decrease in the number of Spanish influenza cases in the state during the past 24 hours. At noon, 1,153 new cases had been reported, a decrease of about 200 over Wednesday. The total number of cases in the state is estimated at 50,000.
With the extension into next week, of the state wide ban on public gatherings on account of the Spanish influenza practically a certainty, it is announced by Dr. J. N. Hurty, secretary of the state board of health, that there may be a modification premitting the opening of schools, under daily health supervision, where the epidemic is light.
__________

One more victim was added Thursday to the Fulton county list of deaths, Miss Bertha Helena ROMIG, Rochester. Mrs. Chas. GATRELL, of Logansport, a former Rochester resident, also is dead.
Local physicians had little to say Thursday regarding the epidemic, difference of opinion regarding the slowing or abatement being noticeable. One doctor stated that the rain of the past two days would do much towards checking further spread. There are still several critical cases in the city and county.
__________

Miss Bertha Helena ROMIG, 18, died at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel ROMIG, 1217 S. Elm St., Thursday morning, a victim of the influenza. Besides the parents, two brothers survive. Private funeral at the house Saturday at 10:00 a.m., Rev. W. J. NIVEN in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.

Mrs. Charles GATRELL, 36, formerly Miss Ella EASTERDAY, of this city, died Tuesday afternoon at her home in Logansport, a victim of Spanish influenza followed by pneumonia. There survive the husband, a son, Charles [GATTRELL], Jr., three sisters, Mrs. B. CHAMBERLAIN, of Rochester, Mrs. Nina GIBBONS, of Bass Lake and Mrs. Pearl SMITH, of Clearwater, Mich., and two brothers, Frank [EASTERDAY] and Elmer EASTERDAY, of this city. The body was brot to this city Thursday afternoon for burial at the Citizen's cemetery. Funeral at the graveside, Rev. W. J. NIVEN in charge.

COFFIN WORKERS NEEDED
In order to meet the emergency created by the influenza epidemic every man and woman in Indiana, not now engaged in the manufacture of caskets or burial goods, and who has had experience in these lines, is asked to communicate at once with the Federal Labor director, L. C. Huesman, at the state house, Indianapolis.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 24, 1918]

INFLUENZA BAN EXTENDED TO MIDNIGHT OF NOV. 2ND
By International News Service.
Indianapolis, Ind., Oct 25 -- The state board of health, at a noon meeting today, decided to continue the ban on public meetings, theaters, churches and schools, until midnight of Nov. 2, following receipt of reports of an increase in Spanish influenza in various parts of the state.
The ban has been lifted however, in communities where influenza has not been epidemic for more than five days, providing special investigators representing the state and national governments, following a personnel investigation, so recommended.

EPIDEMIC FATAL TO DELL KESSLER
Although health officers Friday believed that influenza was abating in the county, the epidemic struck this community one of its most severe blows at 12:55 p.m., when it caused the death of Dell KESSLER, 38, a well known citizen, at his home just north of the city on the Michigan road, where he had lived since his mother died four years ago.
Mr. Kessler, who was one of the leading insurance men of the city and the candidate on the democratic ticket for county treasurer, became ill with the prevailing disease just a week ago Thursday and gradually grew worse. On Thursday his case developed into pneumonia and on Friday morning delirium came. Weak lungs are believed to have aided in bringing the end.
Dell Kessler was a son of Mr. and Mrs. George W. KESSLER, and was born in March 1880, on a farm north of where he died. His youth was spent on the farm, after which he taught school for five years and then entered the insurance and loan business. At the time of his death, he was a partner in the firm of KESSLER and MILLER, a succesfful insurance concern. Practically all of his life, with the exception of several winters in the West, was spent in this county.
In November, 1899, he married Miss Etta CONNER, who, with four children, Homer [KESSLER], Ralph [KESSLER], Marie [KESSLER] and George [KESSLER], survive, together with the father; a brother, Martin [KESSLER], of Detroit and a sister, Mrs. Charles JACKSON, of near Rochester.
He was a prominent member of the I.O.O.F. and Masonic lodges.
Funeral arrangements later.

Louis N. [BAKER], four year old son of Mr. and Mrs. Virgil BAKER of Fulton, died Friday morning at the home of his parents with influenza and whooping cough. Besides his parents, he is survived by a baby sister. Mrs. Baker is dangerously ill with influenza.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 25, 1918]

FLU CONTINUES TO HOLD COUNTY
By International News Service
Indianapolis, Oct. 26 -- One thousand and three news cases of influenza were reported by 48 counties in Indiana to the state board of health late this afternoon. These figures have encouraged the state board to believe that the epidemic is somewhat on the wane, inasmuch as there were several hundred more cases at the same time yesterday.
Statistics kept by the state board officials show that 44,331 persons in Indiana have had influenza. The disease is gradually abating in Shelby county. The situation also is better in Whitley county.
__________

The flu still has Fulton county in its grip according to reports of local physicians and Drs. Archie Brown and C. J. Loring, city and county health officers.
The doctors are at a loss to account for the increased number of cases, but that there are more was made plain, altho few are critical.
And this same condition is current over the entire state as is evidenced by the extension of the ban on public meetings. The total number of new cases reported from 52 counties to the state board of health reached 2,082, an increase of 518 over the last figure.

HELPING VICTIMS
The Red Cross and the women's section of the County Council of Defense began Saturday to cook and deliver food to the families suffering from influenza, and needing nourishment. Any person knowing of any cases such as the above mentioned should report at once to Mrs. Perry Heath.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 26, 1918]

FLU EPIDEMIC EXACTS HEAVY WEEK END TOLL
Fulton county paid a heavy toll to the Spanish influenza epidemic by the death of two Fulton county soldiers at Camp Taylor on Sunday and the death of two Rochester people. There are still several critical cases in the city and county, amd more deaths are believed imminent.
Local physicians were dubious about an early abatement of the epidemic.The local Red Cross and the Womens' section of the Council of Defense have continued the delivery of soup to helpless, afflicted families.
__________

Pvt Leroy SNYDER, 21, son of Mr. and Mrs. William SNYDER of Mt. Zion, died Sunday at 11:00 a.m. at Camp Taylor, Ky., after a four weeks illness. Death was caused by pneumonia contracted from Spanish influenza. Two half brothers, James [SNYDER] and Willie SNYDER and six half sisters, Lillian [SNYDER], Minnie [SNYDER], Mary [SNYDER], Nora [SNYDER], Ethel [SNYDER] and Edna SNYDER, survive. Private Snyder was born in Cass county February 2nd, 1897 and moved to this county with his parents when a boy. For the past three years he was employed at the Louderback garage. He was a member of the Rochester Liberty Guards and left this city with a draft contingent on September 4th. Recently he was reported wounded in bayonet practice.
The body was expected to arrive in the city on Monday, but pending the arrival , no funeral arrangements were made.

Earl MILLISER, 27, a life ong resident of Fulton county except for two years that he spent in the Army in the Philippenes, died Sunday afternoon at the hospital, a victim of Spanish influenza. Two brothers, Surphes [MILLISER] and Henry MILLISER, of this city and five sisters, Mrs. Ruth CRABILL, of Bruce Lake, Mrs. Elizabeth WOODCOX, of Burton, Mrs. Mary WALES, of Loyal, Mrs. William HOLLIDAY, of Oklahoma and Mrs. Esther WOLF, of Peru survive. The parents and a brother and sister preceded him. Funeral Tuesday afternoon at the Sharon church at 1:00 o'clock.

Robert Ira [THRASHER], three months old son of Mr. and Mrs. William A. THRASHER, died Monday at 9:00 a.m. at the home of his parents, 518 Monroe Street, a victim of Spanish influenza. Two brothers and three sisters survive. Burial Monday afternoon at the I.O.O.F. cemetery. The entire Thrasher family is suffering with the prevalent disease, the mother and father being in a critical condition.

Ohmer Guy REISH, 31, died Sunday at Camp Taylor, Ky., a victim of Spanish influenza, accoring to word received here Monday. Reish was a former resident of Leiters Ford, where he was employed on the Erie railroad. Besides the widow, Mrs. Goldie L. REISH, several brothers and sisters survive.

PURDUE OPENS WEDNESDAY
By International News Service.
Lafayette, Oct 28 -- Purdue university, closed since October 12th, because of the Spanish influenza epidemic, will be opened again Wednesday, Dr. W. E. Stone announced today.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 28, 1918]

INFLUENZA CONDITIONS HERE ARE NOW IMPROVING
Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, reports a marked decrease in the number of new Spanish influenza cases in the city, two physicians reporting no new cases at all within the past three days.
The number of new cases reported over the county, according to Dr. C. J. Loring, county health officer, has also decreased, giving excellent ground for the belief that the epidemic will have abated entirely within the course of a few days.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 29, 1918]

MAY LIFT FLU BAN ON SATURDAY NIGHT
Two days have now passed with no deaths in this community from the Spanish influenza epidemic and but very few new cases.
Local physicians believe that the epidemic has passed its peak and is on the decline. It is said that a few days more will probably see the banish altogether of the prevalent disease. Many cases that were said to be critical are now on the mend and numerous deaths in the future are unlikely.
Present indications are that the prevalency of the disease over the state has abated to such an extent that the ban on public meetings will be lifted Saturday night as per the schedule of the state health office. If this is the case, the Rochester and Fulton county schools will in all probability be opened Monday, as there were but few cases reported over the county among children of school age.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 30, 1918]

INFLUENZA BAN EXPIRES SUNDAY
The Spanish influenza epidemic has abated in Fulton county and over the state to such an extent that the ban on public meetings will be lifted at midnight Sunday, Nov. 3rd.
This announcement was made Thursday morning by Drs. Archie Brown and C. J. Loring, city and county health officers. As a result of the lifting of the ban the county and city schools will open on Monday, but there will be no church services permitted on Sunday.
Both county health officials report a negligible number of new cases of the prevalent disease in the county and these are practically all so mild that it is believed there is but little danger to the victims or their associates.
However, notwhtistanding the lifting of the ban, people are urged to use the greatest care with regard to the flu for it is entirely possible that, with lack of caution, the prevalency might again grow to alarming proportions.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 31, 1918]

FLOYD SHAFFER
Floyd SHAFFER, aged about 30, died Friday night at his home on South Elm St., a victim of Spanish influenze. The widow, Mrs. Alice SHAFFER, and three children, who survive, are seriously ill with the same disease.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 2, 1918]

FEAR EPIDEMIC; SCHOOLS CLOSED
Notwithstanding the fact that the ban placed on all public meetings, churches and schools was lifted by the state and county health officials, the Rochester school board, in special session, decided to put off the opening of the city schools until Thursday, Nov. 7th.
This is a precautionary measure only, as the number of new cases of Spanish influenza in the city and county continue few, according to health officers. Practically all of the county schools were opened, continued closing being optional with the various trustees, who, in the main, considered the danger past.
Church services were permitted Sunday in the county, the first time for three weeks, but outside of Rochester, there was little activity.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 4, 1918]

SCHOOL TO REMAIN CLOSED TILL MONDAY
There will be no school in the city until Monday, according to an announcement made Wednesday morning by City Supt. A. L. Whitmer, who also stated that the only reason for deferring the opening from Thursday until Monday was as a precautionary measure.
Mr. Whitmer added that if it is at all possible school actually will start on this day as it is not the desire of the school board to keep the children out of school any longer than possible.
The Spanish influenza epidemic situation in the county continues to improve daily, but set backs were feared on account of the gatherings on election day. For this reason physicians urge extreme care, especially for the next few days, when if the disease does not spread further, it is believed that the epidemic will have been almost entirely wiped out.

NO PRAYER MEETING
It has been announced by the pastor, Rev. W. J. Niven, that no prayer meeting service will be held this week at the Baptist church to aid in the Influenza precaution.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 6, 1918]

INFLUENZA FATAL AT ARGOS
Clarence POWERS, 38, son of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac POWERS, of near Argos, died at his home in Argos early Wednesday morning. Death was caused by pneumonia, following influenza. He had been sick for about six weeks. Besides a wife he leaves two small children. He was a son-in-law of Harry CLYMER, of near Talma.
No funeral arrangements have been made.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 7, 1918]

FLU COG IS REMOVED FROM DRAFT MACHINERY
The local draft board for Fulton county Friday received a call for six men for general military service to be entrained Monday, November 11th. They will be sent to Camp Wadsworth, S.C. A previous call for 22 men to the same place was suspended on account of the "Flu." The board also received notification of their quota to be drawn from the registrants of September 12, which has been placed at 202.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 8, 1918]

FORMER RESIDENT INFLUENZA VICTIM
Raymond ADAMSON, 33, son of Mr. and Mrs. H. L. ADAMSON, of this city, and a former resident of Rochester, died Friday afternoon at his home in Madison, Wis., a victim of pneumonia, contracted from Spanish influenza. The widow, Mrs. Effa KING ADAMSON, is also ill.
Besides those named, there survive two children, Alice Belle [ADAMSON] and Raymond King [ADAMSON], a sister, Mrs. Emerson FELDER, of Fulton, and five brothers, Roy [ADAMSON], a twin, of Mentone, Earl [ADAMSON], of South Bend, Clarence [ADAMSON], of Havre, Mont., Arthur [ADAMSON], with the Amex Forces in France, and Edgar [ADAMSON], of Great Lakes.
The funeral details have not yet been received, but it is thot that the body will be brot to this city for burial.

Relatives received word of the death at his home in Towner, N.D., Friday evening of Peter HANSON, son-in-law of C. C. CASTLEMAN, who lives west of the city. Death was caused by pneumonia following influenza. Mr. Hanson is a nephew of Isaac ONSTOTT and Mrs. John HOLMAN and visited here this summer. He leaves a wife, Mrs. Bertha HANSON. Mrs. Chas. SEE, of Leiters Ford, and Verna CASTLEMAN left Saturday for Towner.

Mr. and Mrs. Joel TOWNSEND went Saturday to Logansport to attend the funeral of his granddaughter, Miss Hulda MILLER, of that city, who died Friday in a Cleveland hospital where she was nursing. Death was caused bby pneumonia, contracted from Spanish influenza. Miss Miller had often visited the Townsends here and was well known among the young people of the city.

SCHOOLS OPEN ON MONDAY; NO PENALTY FOR CLOSING
The city schools will open Monday morning according to an announcement made Saturday by Supt. A. L. Whitmer. However, no pupils will be allowed to attend school if members of the family are ill with influenza. The schools have been closed since Monday, Oct. 7.
The state board of education at its November session Friday adopted a resolution holding that students or teachers would not be penalized in any way because of time lost during the influenza epidemic.

AKRON SCHOOLS CLOSE
The Akron schools, which were opened November 4, were closed again Monday morning, six new cases of flu having developed during the week.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 9, 1918]

Helen [FRY], 10, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur FRY, of Fulton, died Thursday at the home of her parents, a victim of Spanish influenza and typhoid fever. Mrs. Fry and a son are both seriously ill with little chance of recovery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 11, 1918]

FLU FATAL TO WM. THOMAS.
Wm. THOMAS, 37, died Wednesday morning at the home of his brother, David THOMAS, on South Main Street. About six weeks ago Mr. Thomas broke his leg while hunting, and last Thursday, he took influenza which developed into pneumonia a few days ago, causing his death.
He was born in Fulton county, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Geo. THOMAS. Besides the father, he leaves another brother, John [THOMAS], and two sisters, Mrs. Walter MEHRLEY, of Marmaduke, Ark., land Mrs. Norman WRIGHT, of Leesburg.
Funeral services at the home at 2:00 o'clock Thursday afternoon, Rev. E. Q. LAUDEMAN in charge.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 13, 1918]

INFLUENZA EPIDEMIC IS PREVALENT ONCE AGAIN
When questioned in regard to the growing prevalency of the influenza epidemic in the city and county, local health officers declared that such was the case, but added that few of the cases were of such a serious nature as those current when the epidemic was at its height several weeks ago.
Because of the number of new cases in the Green Oak neighborhood, it was found necessary to close Woodrow school, and it is probable that similar steps will be taken at Athens where there are many new cases.
In Rochester there have been at least 50 new cases this week, but few if any are dangrous. As a result of these many new cases, local physicians urge extreme caution to prevent a recurrence of the epidemic in a form such as was prevalent here before.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 15, 1918]

FLU EPIDEMIC ONCE MORE IN LIMELIGHT
Because a repitition of the recent prevalancy of the Spanish influenza epidemic was feared here, the local ministers decided Saturday afternoon to not hold services Sunday evening as a preventative measure.
There was also some talk Monday about closing the city schools again, but when City Supt. Whitmer referred the matter to Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, he said that he considered this drastic action unnecessary.
As a matter of fact there have been many new cases of the epidemic in the city and over the county in the past week or two and while in some localities it was found necessary to close township schools, it was believed that the situation in Rochester was much improved. However, there is still grave danger unless every precautionary measure is taken by everybody in the entire county.
During October, influenza took 3,386 lives in Indiana, 21 of them in Fulton county, according to official figures. Fifty cases were reported here during the time.

DIED ON TRANSPORT
A message from the war department received Thursday told of the death of Sergeant John M. AGNEW, age twenty-six, son of Mrs. Elizabeth AGNEW of Winamac. Sergeant Agnew died of influenza while on board a transport to France. He was a nephew of Daniel AGNEW, of this city.

JESSE PETERSON, 19, PNEUMONIA VICTIM
Jesse PETERSON, 19, died at four o'clock Saturday afternoon at the hospital after a week's illness. Death was caused by pneumonia, contracted from Spanish influenza.
Jesse Peterson was born at Flora on July 23rd, 1899. He was educated in the public schools there, moving to Fulton county in 1914 with his parents. For the past year he made his home in Rochester, where he was employed at the Woodlawn hospital. He was Assistant Superintendent of the Baptist Sunday school and active in other church societies.
There survive the mother, Mrs. Carrie PETERSON, of this city, a sister, Mrs. Vernon HARTMAN, of Rochester, and two brothers, Raymond [PETERSON], of Rochester and Sgt. Everett R. [PETERSON], Camp Ethan Allan, Vermont. The father, William PETERSON, died just four months ago and a brother also preceded him.
Funeral at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Hartman, corner 12th and Elm Sts., Tuesday at 8:00 a.m., Rev. W. J. NIVEN in charge.Burial at Flora.

J. M. TONER today received word of the death at Fresno, Calif., of Mrs. Roy DUNCAN. She had been ill for some time with influenza. The telegram stated that she had been buried there.
Mrs. Duncan was about 24 years old and leaves a sister, Mrs. Stella ZOLMAN of Ft. Wayne and Frank ZOLMAN, in France. Before her marriage, she lived with an uncle, Earl MOORE, near Loyal.
[Rochester Sentinal, Monday, November 18, 1918]

HEALTH OFFICER HAS STATEMENT ON "FLU"
Because many Rochester parents refuse to send their children to school, fearing the influenza epidemic, Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, has issued the following statement regarding the epidemic in the Rochester schools: "Total number of deaths in city, 12. Of these nine were over 18 and three, children under school age.
"The percentage of absentees from the high school is small. Of an enrollment of 260, on Tuesday there were 40 absent for three reasons: sickness, sickness in family and afraid of influenza. Of these 40, 16 do not live in the city.
"The school authorities use every precaution to prevent the spread of the disease and urge all school patrons to keep their children at home where there is a case of bad cold or influenza in the family.
"The children are asked to bring individual drinking cups.
"The windows of the school rooms are thrown open several times during the day while the children are standing or marching about the rooms
"The situation, as far as the city schools are concerned, is not as bad as people generally believe and with the above precautions will improve each day."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, November 19, 1918]

"A FLU" (NOT FLY COP)
Mel True, in full uniform is acting as influenza policeman at the Paramount theater. His duties consist largely in making certain that no persons afflicted with colds enter the building.

FORMER ROCHESTER MAN A VICTIM OF INFLUENZA
Phillip LITTLE, 27, a former resident of this city, died Wednesday evening at Aurora, Ill., where he had moved recently from Dockson, Mont. Death was caused by influenza. The widow, Mrs. Clara LITTLE and three children, Glen [LITTLE], Lee [LITTLE] and Norm [LITTLE], who had been in Montana, were visiting relatives near Macy at the time of the death. Three sisters of Mr. Little live in Fulton county, Mrs. Wellington SEVERNS, Mrs. O. A. KEEL and Mrs. D. M. SECOR, the first two near Rochester and the last, at Akron. John LITTLE, a brother, lives in Magee, Ark. Mr. Severns went to Aurora Friday.
Funeral arrangements are not yet known.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 22, 1918]

POPLAR GROVE ITEMS
Word has been received by the high school pupils of this community attending school at Culver, that the school will have to close again on account of 40 new cases of the influenza breaking out. Also six cases have been reported at the C. M. Academy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 4, 1918]

JOHN BLACK IS "FLU" VICTIM
John W. BLACK, 24, died at 10:00 o'clock Monday evening at the home of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. George BLACK, over the postoffice, a victim of cerebro spinal meningitis, contracted from Spanish influenza. Besides the parents, a brother, Tom BLACK, in training at West Point, Ky., survives. The brother was summoned to Rochester, but did not arrive.
John Black was born in Rochester on June 16, 1894. He was graduated from the high school of this city, later taking employment at the Bridge factory and then at W. A. Howard's jewelry store, where he was in charge of the Victrola department. During the past six months he was employed in Indianapolis, joining the Red Cross in Chicago for ambulance driving three weeks ago. He was in training at Camp Scott, Chicago, when he was taken ill. He came home to Rochester just a week before his death. During his illness he was delirious much of the time.
He was a member of the Methodist church and of Rochester lodge No. 79, F. and A. M. He was well known and popular in Rochester, numbering his friends by the score. He had made numerous attempts to get into the service, but failed each time, because of physical shortcomings. He was rejected for an officer's training camp, for conscription and for Y. M. C. A. service, but finally was admitted to training as a Red Cross ambulance driver.
Red Cross authorities at Chicago have advised that John Black be buried in his Red Cross uniform and be given full military honors.
Funeral Thursday at 2:00 p.m., Rev. George CRAIG in charge.

Word was received here Monday of the death of Mrs. Ray C. NUDING at her home in Elwood, from complications following Spanish influenza. Mrs. Nuding had often been the guest of Mr. and Mrs. J. Ralph BROWNE, So. Main St., and was well known here. Her health had been bad for several years and it is believed that this may have hastened the end. Mr. Nuding is an Elwood hardware dealer.

All of the influenza cases are improving and there are no new cases. - - - MACY ITEMS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, November 26, 1918]
THIRTY-TWO DEATHS FROM "FLU" IN PAST TWO MONTHS
During the months of October and November there were 32 deaths from Spanish influenza in Fulton county. Of those in the city, 11 were in Octobr and eight in November. Total deaths in the city were 26.
In the county there were but two deaths from influenza in November, 11 in October. Total deaths in the county were 31. In the city and county there were 23 births in November, two being in the city. In October there were 19 births, 14 in the county and five in the city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 5, 1918]

INFLUENZA SPREADS
Despite efforts being made by communities throughout Indiana to combat the influenza-pneumonia epidemic, the disease continues to increase rapidly, according to reports received Thursday by the state board of health. Fulton county reported 21 new cases.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 6, 1918]

FRED McKINNEY A FLU VICTIM
Fred McKINNEY, 37, died early Thursday afternoon at the home of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. John McKINNEY, west of Rochester, a victim of influenza. He had been ill only since last Friday. His father and sister, Miss Mable [McKINNEY], were also ill for a short time, but have recovered.
Besides the parents, there survive three sistrs, Miss Mable, at home and Mrs. Gresham BEARSS and Mrs. John WERNER, both west of Rochester, and two brothers, James [McKINNEY], at home, and John [McKINNEY], Jr., west of the city. Funeral arrangements later.

Miss Madaline WORTHINGTON, 14, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Artice WORTHINGTON, of Akron, died Thursday morning after a short illness caused by influenza. Funeral Sunday morning at the home.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 12, 1918]

MACY ITEMS
The schools were closed here again last week on account of the prevalence of influenza, but they were reopened Monday. There were no church services here Sunday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 12, 1918]

OMAR D. HAGAN, 31, SUCCUMBS TO "FLU"
Omar D. HAGAN, 31, died at 2:30 p.m. Friday a victim of pneumonia, contracted from Spanish influenza, from which he suffered for the past two weeks.
As a last resort, three pints of blood were taken from him Thursday and a salt water injection given as a stimulant.
There survive the widow, Mrs. Lola HAGAN; a son, Gerald [HAGAN], five; the partnes, Mr. and Mrs. John HAGAN, south of Rochester; four brothers, Charles [HAGAN], of Canada; Ed [HAGAN], west of the city; Otis [HAGAN], of Rochester, and Lloyd [HAGAN], who is in the Navy; and four sisters, Miss Pearl HAGAN, of Detroit; Mrs. Effie KLINE, southwest of the city; Mrs. Mollie SAUCERMAN, south of the city and Miss Ruth [HAGAN], at home.
Omar D. Hagan was born in Fulton county on the old Hagan homestead, southwest of Rochester, October 9th, 1887. He attended a district school and then later the Rochester Normal University. He finished his education at the Marion Business College, returning to Rochester where he was employed by the First National Bank for the past eight years. In 1912 he was married to Miss Lola EBER. He was a member of Rochester lodge No. 47, I.O.O.F. and was an active worker in the Evangelical church.
Mrs. Hagan, who has also been ill with the same disease, is somewhat improved, altho not yet entirely out of danger.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 13 1918]

INFLUENZA BAN EFFECTIVE HERE AT 12 TONIGHT
BOARD OF HEALTH ORDER
At a meeting of the Board of Health held Friday evening, December 13, 1918, it was ordered that public gathering places of all kinds in the city of Rochester, Indiana be prohibited beginning at midnight, Decemver 14, until further notice. This action was taken on account of the greatly increased number of influenza cases which are appearing in the city.
This order includes churches, schools, lodges, club rooms, public funerals, moving picture theatres, pool rooms and any other gathering which would lead to defeat the spirit of this order. Pool rooms may remain open for the purpose of sales of cigars, candies and other items of merchandise. For the further guidance of the public this order shall be construed to prohibit the congregating of people in places such as restaurants, drug stores, ice-cream parlors and other stores, except in the course of the regular transaction of business, and all proprietors are hereby directed to prohibit such congregating. The attention of parents of children who are released from school by virtue of this order is directed to the fact that such children should not be permitted to congregate on the street for the purpose of pastime.
Therefore, I Hiram G. Miller, Mayor of the City of Rochester, Indiana, do proclaim this order to be in full force and effect from and after the time herein above mentioned, and until further notice, and direct the police of the City of Rochester to enforce this order. I further call upon the citzens of Rocheser to observe this order with the same spirit of cooperation that has heretofore characterized their acquiescence in matters of this nature, so that the spread of this disease may be eliminated as far as possible, and the public health be protected.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and the seal of said city, this 14th day of December, 1918.
HIRAM G. MILLER, Mayor

LOCAL SITUATION
Altho the influenza epidemic in Rochester is not as bad as it was several weeks ago, it was found necessary, on account of the increase in number and seriousness of the cases, to again put in force the ban on all public gatherings. The ban this time, will be in effect at least until the first of the year, and unless the situation is decidedly better, for a still longer period of time.
Dr. C. J. Loring, county health officer, stated Saturday that so far as the county was concerned, there would be no action at the present time. School Superintendent T. F. Berry declared that the percentage of attendance in all township schools averages well up in the nineties.
The Mayor's proclamation, following the decision of the city health board Friday evening, is given above.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 14, 1918]

FLU SITUATION IS CONSIDERED SERIOUS
Two days have passed since the influenza ban went into effect, but it is entirely too soon to expect any results.
Dr. Arch Brown, city health officer, stated Monday that the situation continued very serious, and that in order to protect the public as much as possible, he had large warnings printed. Cards, which will be placed upon the house where there is a case of the prevalent disease read: "Influenza, Keep Out." Other cards to be posted in drug stores, pool rooms, etc., lwhere crowds congregate, ask that ther be no loafing and that customers leave as soon as they transact their business. It is expected that this action will do much towards preventing further spread of the disease.
The situation in the county, according to Dr. C. J. Loring is not serious and at the present time there is little likelihood that he will place a ban on public gatherings.

TWO DIE
Two young women, both in their teens, are the latest victims of the flu in Henry township. They were Miss Amy SHAFER, daughter of William SHAFER, and Miss Flora KING, daughter of Charles KING. The families live near Akron. A number of people in Akron are very ill with the flu.

CHRISTMAS IS GIVEN BLOW BY INFLUENZA
Christmas in Rochester, publicly at least, will be a cheerless affair, in view of the fact that the influenza ban will necessarily prohibit public gatherings of all kinds, doing away with the usual Christmas services in the churches.
Practically every business house in the city will be closed at least part of the day, if not all day, and the banks as usual, will not be opened at all. The SENTINEL will not publish and there will be no business transacted at the court house.
The postoffice, however, according to Postmaster McMahan, will be open until every Christmas package has been delivered. There will be but one city mail delivery and the regular rural delivery. An extra force of carriers will be used to clear the office of the usual congestion of packages.

INFLUENZA HITS SCHOOLS IN NORTH PART OF STATE
By International News Service
Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 16. -- Schools in northern Indiana are in a deplorable condition because of time that was lost during the influenza epidemic, according to Dr. Horace Ellis, state superintendent of public instruction, who has just recently returned from a visit among the schools in the northern part of the state.
Because of the conditions, some of the Indiana universitites and colleges will have to be easier in their entrance examinations if they expect to receive many students next September, the state superintendent said after returing from his visit to the upstate schools. This matter occupied an important part at the meeting of the state board of instruction here Friday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 16, 1918]

ROCHESTER IN INFLUENZA GRIP
The influenzza situation in Rochester is practically as a standstill, that is, it continues very serious, according to Dr. Archie Brown, secretary of the city board of health.
Dr. Brown stated that while there were many recovering from day to day, there were always just as many, if not more, new cases to offset the gains. A notable fact, however, is that while the cases are very seirous, the deaths have been fewer, probably due to the fact that the physcians and people themselves have learned how to cope with the insidious malady.
But one death was reported from the county, that of Chester Hiatt, of Leiters Ford. Reuben Whittenberger, a former resident, died at South Bend.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 17, 1918]

FLU SITUATION STILL BAD
The influenza situation in Rochester and Fulton county continues about the same -- serious in the city and mild except in a few communities in the county -- according to local health officials. The current cases in the city, however, seem to be much milder in form than those prevalent some time ago, but they are still numerous.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 19, 1918]

FLU CAUSED 105,297 DEATHS
Washington, Dec. 20 -- Influenza caused 66,534 deaths in the larger cities between September 14, and December 14, while pneumonia killed 38,763 more, according to census figures.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 20, 1918]

FLU EPIDEMIC IS LESSENING
A WARNING
At the Board of Health meeting Friday evening, notice was officially taken of the number of social affairs being held in the city, in spite of the flu ban, and a decision reached that if further warning did not stop the practice sterner methods would be taken. It was also again urged upon parents that they keep their children off the streets.
__________

The influenza situation in the city is gradually becoming better, altho there are still too many cases to warrant the lifting of the ban on public gatherings, according to a statement made Saturday by Dr. Archie Brown, secretary of the city board of health.
It has been reported about the city for the past few days that the ban would be lifted, but Dr. Brown stated emphatically that such was not the case. "On the contrary" he said, "we start today placing placards at every home where there is a case of flu, no matter how mild it may be. There will be no quarantine, however," he added, "but the ban will continue at least until the first of the year."
According to the reports of local physicians, there are at least 50 afflicted homes, with about 75 or 100 cases. Practically every doctor reported, tho, that they were dismissing more old cases than they had new ones.
The county situation, according to Dr. C. J. Loring, remains at about standstill, with little likelihood of a ban becoming necessary. If there should develop a large number of bad cases in one locality, it may, however, be found necessary to forbid meetings in that particular part of the county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 21, 1918]
INFLUENZA CLAIMS ONE VICTIM SUNDAY
Altho there was one death over the week end -- that of Mrs. Roland SINGLETON -- the influenza situation in the city, according to Dr. Archie Brown, secretary of the board of health, continues to "clear up."
"In fact," Dr. Brown stated, "things look so bright that we believe we can lift the ban next week. But it is sure there will be no such action taken unless conditions warrant it, for there will be no repetition of the former too hasty lifting of the ban."
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 23, 1918]

FLU CONTINUES SERIOUS MENACE
While both city and county health officials declare that the influenza epidemic contnues to abate, other physicians are of the opinion that during the past day or two there has been a marked gain in the number and seriousness of cases.
The health officials, however, have stated that they will make a most thoro investigation of prevalent conditions before the ban is lifted in the city. It is entirely possible that pressure will be brot to bear for a ban on public gatherings all over the county in a very short time.
It is said, by those who claim they know whereof they speak, that it will be absolutely necessary not only to continue the ban in the city and put it on in the country, but also to take the matter over the heads of the state officials and quarantine all homes housing the disease.
Mayor Miller stated Monday that the influenza ban in the city should not be interpreted to mean that family Christmas dinners and celebrations should not be held. There will be no objection to them, he said.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, December 24, 1918]

LESS INFLUENZA EVERY DAY
Drs. Archie Brown and C. J. Loring maintained Thursday that the number of influenza cases in both city and county had matrially decreased in the past few days, the former stating that it was quite likely that the ban would be lifted very soon and the latter insisting that there was positively no occasion for a ban in the country.
A meeting of the city board of health will be held Thursday evening to inquire further into the local situation and take such steps as are deemed advisable.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 26, 1918]

INFLUENZA BAN GOES OFF MONDAY
Following a meeting of the city health board Thursday night, it was announced here that the city ban on public meetings, because of the influenza epidemic, would be lifted at midnight Sunday night.
Dr. Archie Brown, city health officer, announced that there are no more than 20 cases of the epidemic in the city and that none are especially serious, with many recoveries and but few new cases each day. Dr. Brown also took occasion to state that other doctors in the city agreed with him perfectly and that he had been working in perfect harmony with them, as was his desire.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 27, 1918]

FORMER RESIDENT FLU VICTIM AT EL PASO, TEX.
Mrs. Walter PORTER, 28, of Frankfort, died Christmas day at El Paso, Texas. She was formerly Miss Vera KREIG, of this city. Mrs. Porter had gone to Texas on account of her very poor health but influenza was the direct cause of her death. She leaves a husband, two children and a brother, Charles KREIG, of Frankfort. Funeral services Sunday at Logansport.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 28, 1918]

Mrs. O. M. MILLER, 40, died at 2:30 a.m. Sunday at the farm home southeast of Rochester, a victim of complications, folling an attack of influenza. She was ill only a week.
There survive the husband, O. M. MILLER, an instructor in the Chicago university and Hyde Park, (Ill.) high school, four children, Allen [MILLER], Alida [MILLER], Robert [MILLER] and Donald [MILLER], a stepmother, Mrs. Mary POCOCK and sister, Miss Retta POCOCK, of Oklahoma City, Okla., and two half-brothers, Charles [POCOCK] and Frank POCOCK, of Shaney, Kansas. A daughter, Mabel [MILLER], is dead.
Funeral at the home Tuesday at 2:00 p.m., Rev. E. Q. LAUDEMAN in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.
Grace Ellen POCOCK, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. E. A. POCOCK, deceased, was born in Argos, March 12, 1878. She was a graduate of the Valparaiso high school and attended the Rochester university and Indiana University. With the exception of seven years spent in Chicago, her entire life was passed in Marshall and Fulton counties.

Manson L. YIKE, 34, died Sunday afternoon at five o'clock at his home on South Bancroft Ave., a victim of pneumonia, contracted from influenza. He had been ill only 10 days.
There survive four children, Claude [YIKE], Floyd [YIKE], Harold [YIKE], and Mary [YIKE], his mother, Mrs. Julia YIKE, who made her home with him, one brother, Link YIKE, of this city and three sisters, Mrs. John YODER, of Denver Mrs. P. F. YODER, of Peru, and Mrs. Milton HECKATHORNE, of Logansport. Mr. Yike was a widower, his wife having died more than a year ago.
Funeral at the home Tuesday afternoon at two o'clock, Rev. George CRANE in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 30, 1918]

FLU FATAL TO MRS. O. FOOR
Mrs. Beatrice FOOR, 20, died at eight o'clock Tuesday evening at her home in Huntington, a victim of influenza. She had been ill over two weeks. There survive the husband, Oris FOOR, an Erie employe; the parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ely BUTLER, of this city; two brothers, Basil [BUTLER] and Samuel [BUTLER], and a sister, Miss Maude BUTLER, all of Rochester. The body was brot to this city Wednesday afternoon for burial.

ADVICE TO "FLU" CONVALESCENTS
SPAIN AND ENGLAND REPORT INCREASE IN TUBERCULOSIS
AFTER INFLUENZA EPIDEMIC
# # # # # # lengthy article on page two # # # # # #
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 1, 1919]

DULCEY UTTER, 18, FLU VICTIM
Dulcey UTTER, 18, son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob UTTER, who live southeast of Athens, died Wednesday evening after being ill for one week with influenze.
Besides the father and mother he leaves three brothers and three sisters. No funeral arrangements have been made.

FLU "CURES" BANNED
By International News Service
East St. Louis, Ill., Jan. 2 -- Persons who advertise influenza cures in this city will be prosecuted, according to John W. Follmer, who is conducting an investigation of the sale of alleged influenza cures.

The body of Mrs. Bruce LOWMAN of Maxinkuckee was brought to Poplar Grove cemetery for burial last Saturday. She leaves a husband to mourn her loss. Death was caused by influenza. - - - POPLAR GROVE ITEMS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 2, 1919]

CHURCHES RESUME TOMORROW
City churches are expected to be well filled at all services Sunday, as the day will mark the resumption of worship after a three week's shut-down on account of influenza. Prayer meetins were held in a number of churches Thursday night.

MASTELLER FUNERAL
Funeral services for Mrs. Paul MASTELLER, formerly Miss Sadie HAMMOND, of Henry township, who died at her home in Hammond, a victim of influenza, were held Thursday afternoon at Akron. Besides the husband, she left two children, a boy and a girl.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 4, 1919]

MRS. HENRY EYTCHESON DEAD
Mrs. Lula A. EYTCHESON, 24, wife of William Henry EYTCHESON, died at 10 o'clock Saturday evening at her home on the corner of 10th and Elm St., a victim of pneumonia contracted from influenza. Funeral at the home Monday at 2:00 p.m., Rev. W. J. NIVEN in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.

TIOSA ITEMS
Mr. and Mrs. Alvah STOCKBERGER received the sad news Sunday that their daughter-in-law, Mrs. Everett STOCKBERGER, of Ladysmith, Wis., had died a victim of pneumonia following influenza and that her husband was very low. A telegram was received Monday afternoon that Everett had died and that their baby was very low. Mrs. Stockberger left Monday morning for Wisconsin.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 6, 1919]

DIES IN FRANCE
Mrs. Sarah MERLEY this morning had a telegram from the War dept. notifying her of the death of her eldest son, Adolph [MERLEY], 23, a soldier in France.
Just two days ago she had a letter from the young man's nurse telling of his influenza illness, but saying he would probably recover. Merley enlisted in June 1917 and is thot to be the first Henry twp. boy to died in service. Besides the mother, he leaves two brothers and a sister.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 9, 1919]

FLU IS FATAL TO YOUNG MAN
Herbert Lee SHELTON, 17, son of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac W. SHELTON, of Leiters Ford, died at his home Monday of pneumonia, which followed influenza. He had been ill five weeks. Besides the parents, there survive a sister, Mrs. A. J. HENDERSON. John CHAMBERS, of near Rochester, was an uncle of the deceased. Funeral at 2:00 p.m. in the Leiters M.E. church, to which the young man belonged, Rev. DAVIS in charge. Burial at Leiters. Young Shelton was an employe of the Vandalia R.R.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 14, 1919]

INFLUENZA AGAIN SPREADING
Influenza cases lighter in nature than previously are again exceedingly prevalent in the city and country, due to the open weather, it is believed. Thursday afternoon saw the mercury fall to 36 degrees and even colder weather was prophesied for the night. It was believed that this would help the general situation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 23, 1919]

KATHRYN MAE CURTIS
Kathryn Mae CURTIS, five, died Saturday evening at 8:30 o'clock at the home of her parents on East Ninth St., a victim of pneumonia contracted from influenza. She had been ill just a week. The other members of the family, who also had been afflicted with the prevalent disease, have recovered.
There survive besides the parents, two brothers, Vine [CURTIS], Jr. and Percy Watson [CURTIS] and a sister, Francis [CURTIS].
Funeral from the home Tuesday at 10:30 a.m., Rev. C. S. DAVISSON in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetry.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 27, 1919]

FORMER RESIDENT DIES AT SEA
Word has been received here of the death at sea on the tanker Royal Arrow on January 10th, of Will LOUDERBACK, 43, a former resident of this city and a son of Mrs. Martha LOUDERBACK, East Ninth Street.
The death, which occurred on a return voyage of the vessel from China, was caused by influenza. Burial was made at sea. Besides the mother, two brothers, Mell [LOUDERBACK], of Seattle, Wash., and Glen [LOUDERBACK], of Chicago, survive.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 28, 1919]

MRS. RILEY McINTIRE IS DEAD
Mrs. Emma M. McINTIRE, 44, died Sunday at midnight at her home on Park St., in the east part of the city, a victim of influenza and dropsy. She had been seriously ill with dropsy for some time when the influenza set in.
There survive the husband, Riley McINTIRE, a son, Edward [McINTIRE] and three daughters, Mrs. Fred BAHL and Misses Fern [McINTIRE] and Pauline McINTIRE.
Funeral arrangements later.
[Rocheter Sentinel, Monday, February 3, 1919]

MRS. HOWARD COOK, FLU VICTIM
Mrs. Howard COOK, 32, died Tuesday morning at her home on College Ave., of pneumonia, following influenza. She had only been ill for a week.
Besides the husband, she leaves a daughter, Pauline [COOK], and a son, Robert [COOK], also her parents, Mr. and Mrs. F. M. BRUCE, of Kewanna, five sisters and two brothers.
Mrs. Cook had lived in this city since her marriage 14 years ago. She was a member of the Zion church at Bruce Lake Station.
Funeral arrangements later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 4, 1919]

Mr. and Mrs. Daniel FRY attended the funeral of their granddaughter, Miss Elsie POLLY, at Culver, Tuesday. Miss Polly had been at the tuberculer camp at Rockwell and was improving ncely until she contracted the influenza, which proved fatal. - - - DELONG ITEMS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 5, 1919]

FLU WORSE THAN WAR
By International News Service
Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. 7 -- More than four times as many Clevelanders died from the "flu" epidemic as died in the war, records of the Health Department show. There were 2,863 deaths from the disease in this city; 180 children, from 69 families, were orphaned.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 7, 1919]

FLU WIPES OUT TWO OF FAMILY
Herbert McGINNIS, 27, died Sunday morning at five o'clock at the CAMERER farm south of Rochester, where he was a tenant, a victim of influenza, from which he had suffered only a week.
Just four hours later, his daughter, Catherine Irene [McGINNIS], two, died of the same disease.
The widow, Mrs. Irene McGINNIS, an infant son, Glen [McGINNIS] and the father, are all seriously ill with the influenza. Besides the above named survivors, he leaves a mother, Mrs. Will McGINNIS, of Rochester, a brother, Roy [McGINNIS], of Flint, Mich., and a sister, Mrs. Estil HARTMAN, also of Flint.
Funeral arrangements later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 10, 1919]

R. F. BAKER VICTIM OF FLU
Word was received here late Tuesday of the death in Logansport of R. F. BAKER, formerly a local real estate man. Influenza was the cause, it is said. Baker's wife died shortly after leaving here, last year, and he and his two children had since made their home at the Barnett hotel in Logansport. His parents reside in Logansport, also. Baker was in Rochester several times recently. Funeral Friday p.m.

MACY ITEMS
Revival services commenced at the M. E. church here again Sunday. Before they had been in progress one week when the influenza ban was put on.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 12, 1919]

INFANT VICTIM OF INFLUENZA
Milo H. BRYANT, 20 months old son of Mr. and Mrs. Leroy BRYANT, died at the home of his parents, in East Rochester, Friday morning, a victim of influenza and brain fever. Besides the parents there survive a brother, Devon [BRYANT], and a sister, Pauline [BRYANT]. The sister and father are suffering with the same disease. Funeral at the home of Mrs. G. W. HAYWOOD, East Rochester, Sunday at 2:30 p.m., Rev. Geo. CRANE in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 21, 1919]

DIES OF FLU
Mrs. Paul TILLETT, of near Peru, well known here, is dead of influenza at Lafayette.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 5, 1919]

MACY ITEMS
Mrs. Chas. SLIFER, aged 36, and her infant son, Harvey Lee [SLIFER], aged one year, died at their home southwest of town. The funeral was held at the M. E. church, conducted by Rev. Thos. DAVIES and burial in Mt. Zion cemetery. The cause of their death was influenza and pneumonia. She leaves a husband, one son Everett [SLIFER], three step-sons, Cleo [SLIFER], who is in France, Von [SLIFER] and Clement [SLIFER. She was a member of the Methodist church.
Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 8, 1919]

EX-COMMISSIONER DEAD IN WAYNE TWP.
Joe URBIN, 63, of Wayne township, and ex-commissioner of Fulton county, died Sunday afternoon at his home three miles south of Kewanna, a victim of influenza.
Besides a wife he leaves four children, Toner [URBIN] of South Bend, Guy [URBIN] of Kewanna, Mrs. Fay HENDRICKSON of South Bend and Mrs. Floyd BROOKS of Marion, Ind.
No funeral arrangements have been made.

Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth MARQUIS, 18, wife of Walter MARQUIS, 163 Fulton Ave., died at her home Sunday, a victim of pneumonia contracted from influenza.
There survive besides her husband a daughter, Alberta [MARQUIS], the parents, Mr. and Mrs. George W. HOLLOWAY, four brothers, three sisters and one half-sister. Funeral arrangements later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 10, 1919]
MACY SCHOOLS CLOSED
Influenza has closed the schools at Macy and elsewhere in that township. The epidemic is said to be more severe there now than ever before.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 13, 1919]

LOREN L. WOOD, 56, DIES THURSDAY EVE
Loren L. WOOD, 56, well known auctioneer, died at his home on West Third St., at 9:30 o'clock Thursday evening, a victim of influenza and complications. He had been ill for three weeks.
There survive besides the widow, Mrs. Dora WOOD, a daughter, Mrs. Omer MONTGOMERY, of Talma and four brothers, William [WOOD] of Mentone and H. H. [WOOD], J. J. [WOOD] and Namon [WOOD], of Ohio. William and J. J. were born at the time of his demise.
Mr. Wood had been a resident of this city for the past 33 years, moving here from his boyhood home in Ohio. During the entire time of his residence in Rochester, lhe was an auctioneer, being known for miles around. He was a member of the K. of P. and Moose lodges.
Funeral at the Evangelical church Saturday at 2:00 p.m. conducted by Rev. E. Q. LAUDEMAN with the L.O.O.M. in charge. Burial at I.O.O.F. cemetery.

Schools were closed here Monday evening on account of the influenza. - - - MACY ITEMS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 14, 1919]

FORMER RESIDENT DIES IN OHIO
Mrs. Charles PEARSON, 25, died Tuesday at her home in Middlebranch, O., a victim of pneumonia contracted from influenza, according to word received here Wednesday. The husband, three daughters, parents, Mr. and Mrs. Posy JOHNSON, east of the city, and two sisteers, Mrs. Charles GOODRITH and Mrs. Glen WRIGHT, of this city survive.

Earl CRANE and family, of Detroit, arrived here Wednesday, accompanied by the remains of their infant son, who died of influenza. - - - KEWANNA ITEMS.
[NOTE: Jean C. & Wendell C. Tombaugh, Fulton County Indiana Cemeteries, Kewanna I.O.O.F. Cemetery, Union Twp.: John W. CRANE, d. March 11, 1919, ae 11m-17d]

E. C. CANNON and Mrs. Bernice KINGERY went to Flora Wednesday to attend the funeral of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. KINGERY. Both died from influenza. - - - KEWANNA ITEMS.

"FLU" ACTIVE AGAIN
Influenza is again epidemic in many Indiana cities.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 19, 1919]

RECORDER-ELECT DOWNS DIES OF SLEEP SICKNESS
County Recorder-Elect John N. DOWNS, 44, died at his home on East Ninth St., Saturday at 12:30 p.m. Rochester's first victim of the "sleeping sickness," now prevalent all over the country following the influenza epidemic.
Mr. Downs was taken ill with influenza seven weeks ago, with no untoward symptoms, according to his physician. A gradual amelioration of the symptoms was noticed, followed by nausea and constant vomiting. When this condition has been controlled, Downs lapsed into a semi-coma state, gradually deepening. At this time he suffered no pain. His sensibilities became more obunded, but when commanded he would arouse, merely to resume a peaceful easy sleep, which was his condition when death came.
There survive the widow, Mrs. Myrtle DOWNS, three daughters, Rose [DOWNS], Josephine [DOWNS] and Florence [DOWNS], a son, John [DOWNS], the mother, Mrs. Anna DOWNS, of Reading, Pa.; a sister, Miss Vinnie DOWNS, who lives with her mother and two brothers, Joseph [DOWNS] and Louis DOWNS, both of Pennsylvania.
Mr. Downs, who lost both legs in a railway accident at Sayres, Pa., when but 10 years of age, came to Rochester about 10 years ago from Covington, Ky., where he had moved from his birthplace in Reading, Pa. While in Rochester he followed his trade of cigar maker, until he was elected county recorder on the republican ticket in the fall of 1918.
Funeral arrangements late.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 22, 1919]

FLU'S GREAT DEATH TOLL
By International News Service
Springfield, Ill., March 20 -- Influenza claimed upwards of 100,000 lives in Illinois in 1918, according to conservative estimates fixed by the State Department of Public Health. The country's total is estimated at 583,135.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 26, 1919]

FLU AT STOCKHOLM
By International News Service
Washington, April 3 -- There is an epidemic of Spanish influenza at Stockholm, the State department was advised this afternoon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 3, 1919]

ATHENS COMMUNITY
James ZOLMAN, 70, died of pneumonia Thursday night at his home north of Athens, after an illness of several days. He was first taken ill with influenza. Besides a wife, several children survive. He was a life-long resident of Athens. Funeral services Sunday morning at 10:00 o'clock from the Athens U.B. church. Burial in Mt. Hope cemetery at Athens.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 4, 1919]

MRS. HARVEY WAGONER IS DEAD
Mrs. Ruth WAGONER, 21, died at two o'clock Tuesday afternoon at the farm home east of Rochester, a victim of pneumonia contracted from influenza after a two week's illness. There survive the husband, Harvey WAGONER; two infant daughters; the father, James KOFFEL, of Athens; a brother, Omer KOFFEL, of South Bend and two sisters, Mrs. Lula CARR and Mrs. Ida HART, both northeast of Athens.
Funeral services Thursday afternoon at 2:00 o'clock from the Athens church, Rev. S. P. STRANG in charge. Burial at Mt. Hope cemetery at Athens.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 9, 1919]

OBITUARY
Adda May CAMERER was born in Fulton county, Oct. 29, 1863 and died May 14, 1919 at her home in Athens. She was the eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Camerer.
On September 23, 1884 she was united in marriage to Hubert QUICK. They were the parents of five children, three sons who died in infancy and two daughters, Pearl [QUICK] and Grace [QUICK], at home. Besides the husband and daughters she leaves one brother, Omer CAMERER of near this city. Death was caused by heart trouble following influenza.
Mrs. Quick was a member of the Baptist church at Ebenezer and had always lived a devoted Christian life. She was a helpful, sympathetic neighbor and friend.
Funeral services at Baptist church at 2:30 Friday afternoon, lMay 16 with burial in I.O.O.F. cemetery. Rev. S. C. NORRIS of Culver read the service.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 21, 1919]

FLU ALSO FATAL TO STAR CONCERN
Many rumors have been current here recently concerning the fate of the Star Health and Accident Ins. Co., which first saw the light of day in Rochester and which later moved its headquarters to Gary, Ind., where last winter it is said to have folded.
Karl P. Long, Indianapolis attorney, was appointed receiver for the concern and being unable to obtain any information here, the SENTINEL inquired of him concerning the company's fate, in reply to which he states:
"As far as I am able to understand, this company suffered such severe losses during the "flu" epidemic that it became hopelessly insolvent. The actual assets on hand are scarcely sufficient to pay the expense of winding up the affairs of the company and there will be nothing left for distribution to creditors."
A number of Fulton county men invested money in the stock of the concern. Judging from the above, they stand to lose all they put in, altho there has been some talk of re-insuring the company's risks.
W. S. Mitchell, who came here as general manager, left the company some time ago, and is now in business in Chicago, with offices in the Masonic Temple, it is said.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 17, 1919]

ARE PREPARING FOR "FLU" EPIDEMIC
The fatal flu epidemic will return according to a bulletin just issued by the U. S. Public Health Service and all people are advised to prepare now to fight it. The information states, however, it will not be nearly as serious as the plague that swept the country last year but will attack people in vaious forms and accordingly anything that resembles even the slightest cold should have immediate attention. So far nothing definite has been done in Indiana or Rochester by public health officials but according to the information sent out from Washington the "preparedness fight" against the flu can best be made by individuals protecting themselves.
Regarding the return of the flu in the near future the bulletin says:
"Probably, but by no means certainly, there will be a recurrence of the influenza epidemic this year, but the indications are, that should it occur, it will not be as severe as the pandemic of the previous winter. However city officials state and city boards of health, should be prepared in the event of a recurrence.
"The fact that a previous attack brings immunity in a certain percentage of cases should allay fear on the part of those afflicted in the previous epidemic, but do not forget that influenza is spread by direct and indirect contact. As yet it is not certain that the germ has been isolated, or discovered, and as a consequence there is no positive preventive, except the enforcement of rigid rules of sanitation and the avoidance of personal contact.
"A close relation between the influenza pandemic and the constantly increasing pneumonia mortality rate prior to the fall of 1918 is recognized, but it is now believed that the disease was pretty widely disseminated throughout the country before it was recognized in its epidemic state. This failure to recognize the early cases appears to have largely been due to the fact that every interest was then centered on the war.
"It seems probable, however, that we may expect at least local occurrences in the near future with an increase over the normal mortality from pneumonia for perhaps several years; and certainly we should be, as far as possible, prepared to meet them by previous organization of forces and measures for attempted prevention, treatment and scientific investigation.
"There should be no repetition of the extensive suffering and distress which accompanied last year's pandemic. Communities should make plans now for dealing with any recurrence of the epidemic. The prompt recognition of the early cases and their effective isolation should be aimed at. In this connection attention is called to the fact that the cases may appear to be just ordinary colds. Experience indicates that these mild epidemics are often the starting points of more severe visitations. Hence every effort should be made to discover as early as possible any unusual prevalence of colds.
"The most promising way to deal with a possible recurrence of the influenza epidemic is, to sum it up in a single word, preparedness. And now it is the time to prepare."
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, September 15, 1919]

OPTIMISM AND FRESH AIR TO FIGHT "FLU"
More optimism and more fresh air will keep influenza away. These two things will do more than anything else to prevent a recurrence of the influenza epidemic, according to speakers before the Indiana State Medical Convention at the Clapypol hotel in Indianapolis. The convention closed Friday morning.
Dr. Howard O. Shafer of this city was named as secretary of the surgical section of the state association and Dr. Welburn of Evansville, was named chairman. Drs. Brown and Taylor were other attendants to the convention from Rochester. All returned Friday.
According to the doctors, the influenza epidemic, while a recurrence is feared, the consequences, it is thot will not prove as severe as last year. An important preventative, according to many of the physicians was the free use of vaccines. A liberal campaign of education to teach the people how to ward off the "flu" was also outlined.
More than 450 physicians attended the convention, the largest attendance in years.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 26, 1919]

FLU RETURN REPORTED
A Rochester nurse, who has just returned from duty in Marshall county, reports there are several cases of flu in the vicinity of Argos and Bourbon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 17, 1919]

INFLUENZA CLAIMS VICTIM
Influenza, which caused so much suffering and so many deaths last winter resulted fatally in the case of Mrs. Jacob CRABILL, who died shortly after nine o'clock Saturday morning at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Eric YSBERG, south of Rochester.
Mrs. Crabill, whose home is near Hamlet, came to the Ysberg home several weeks ago to be near her favorite physician and shortly afterward developed symptoms of influenza. Then two weeks ago she gave birth to twins and then came a relapse of the disease, which gradually grew worse until the end. Mrs. Crabill was formerly Miss Fannie WHITESIDE, of this city, and is remembered by a wide circle of friends who extend their heartfelt sympathies to the bereaved husband and other relatives.
The funeral arrangements have not been yet announced.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 1, 1919]

INFLUENZA AMONG STEEL MEN
Youngstown, O., Nov. 15 -- Spanish influenza has broken out among workmen living in steel mills here, on account of the steel strike, according to announcement by Youngtown hospital officials who said that six cases had been taken to the hospital from the Ohio works of the Carnegie Steel company, and three from the Briar Hill Steel company. Several hundred men have been living in each plant during the eight weeks of the strike.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 15, 1919]

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ICY GRAVES PROBED FOR KILLER FLU BUG
Longyearbyen, Norway (AP) -- Eighty years ago, the Spanish Flu virus killed tens of millions of people and then disappeared. Scientists trying to pry into secrets out of an Arctic cemetery are taking no chances that they might bring it back to life.
The four-nation team believes that frozen remnants of the virus are in the bodies of seven victims that were buried in permafrost in the island outpost of Longyearbyen, north of the Norwegian mainland.
On Monday, they were assembling equipment to exhume the bodies, hoping that finding the virus will help fight future fatal illnesses.
Experts say there is virtually no chance of finding a living sample of the virus that killed more people than did fighting during World War I. But researchers today aren't taking any chances.
"My first focus in the next few weeks is safety," said Kirsty Duncan, a Canadian medical geographer who leads the 15-member team.
The virus was first detected in the United States and spread rapidly among troops being sent to Europe in World War I, said Tom Bergan, a Norwegian physician on the team.
It ended up with the misnomer "Spanish Flu" because Spain was neutral, and openly admitted an epidemic while warring nations kept it secret, Bergan said.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 18, 1998]

FLYNN, JAKE R. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Jake R. Flynn)

FLYNN, LEMUEL H. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Lemuel H. Flynn)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Lemuel H. Flynn)

FOGLE & SMITH [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW LUMBER YARD
The undersigned having established a new lumber yard in Rochester, take this means of informing the public that they are now prepared to fill all orders for any kind of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., etc. Low prices and prompt attention shall be our motto. We also keep in stock Tiling of all sizes. Call on us and get our prices. FOGLE & SMITH, Main street near C.& A. crossing.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 18, 1889]

FOGLE & SMITH SELL OUT
Fogle & Smith, the old established lumbermen, have sold their lumber yard, near the Erie rail road, to Mr. F. Brandenberg, of Watseka, who will take possession May 1st. The stock will be invoiced in a couple weeks. Mr. Brandenberg is an experienced lumber and business man and will enlarge the Fogle & Smith establishment. He has rented the Collins home on South Jefferson street and will move his family here in a short time.
Messrs Fogle & Smith have owned the lumber yard since 1889, and have carried on a very prosperous business. Their retirement is very unexpected.
Mr. Smith has in view the purchase of a large tract of timber land in Tennessee, owned by an Elkhart man. He has the refusal of the land and will go to Tennessee early in May to make an investigation of the contemplated purchase. He does not expect to move away from Rochester. Mr. Fogle will not engage in business this year.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 21, 1900]

FOGLESONG, HENRY [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Downs Sawmill
See: Hotels - Arlington

FOGLESONG, JOHN [Kewanna, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
John Foglesong, keeper of a hotel in Kewanna, was born March 30, 1827, in Rush County, Ind. His father was a native of Maryland and his mother of Kentucky. He is one of a family of thirteen children, all of whom lived to grow to manhood and womanhood. Mr. F. possesses a fair common school education, and has lived most of his life a farmer. His grandfather on his mother's side was a soldier during the entire period of the Revolutionary war. Mr. Foglesong married Elizabeth Demoss, October 17, 1850. Mrs. F. was born in Ohio, and her father was a native of Kentucky. Mr. F. has eight children living, as follows: Levina, Peter J., William A., Laura A., Rhoda A., Daniel C., Franklin F. and Minnie P. As proprietor of the Kewanna Hotel he is genial and accommodating to his guests. He has followed his present calling for about six years. Mr. and Mrs. F. and two of their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 56]

FOGLESONG'S CAFE [Rochester, Indiana]
FOGLESONG'S CAFE CHANGES HANDS
Announcement has been made of the purchase by George Newman, formerly connected with the Progress Bottling works of the Foglesong Cafe on the corner of Main and Sixth streets. The deal was consumated Friday morning, Newman taking possession at once. Mr. Foglesong says that he will condinut to conduct the "Karn" hotel.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 9, 1923]

FOLKER, ELZA [Rochester, Indiana]
SOLD HERE TUESDAY
A. B. Goodwin purchased the "Felix Cafe" on East Eighth street of Elza Folker and has assumed charge of the establishment.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 19, 1930]

FOOD CLUB [Mt. Zion]
FIRST FOOD CLUB IN COUNTY FORMED
The first food club in the county was organized at the home of Mrs. John McClung, of near Mt. Zion, Monday afternoon with 16 members. The idea of the club is a more thoro plan of food conservation. Members work in connection with the national food administration. They will meet next week with Mrs. Cal Alspach. Like clubs will be organized during the week at various places in the county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 25, 1918]

FOOR & KERN [Athens, Indiana]
ACCEPT AGENCY
A. H. Foor and J. W. Kern of Athens have accepted the agency for the Grant six. They returned Saturday from Indianapolis with a new car and expect to sell a large number in this county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 3, 1915]

FOOTBALL [Rochester, Indiana]
HIGH SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM HAS FIRST GAME
The first football team which ever represented Rochester High School left Saturday morning for Young America where this afternoon they met the eleven of the Cass county town. Coach Ralph Powell made no predictions on the outcome of the game. The Young America team was defeated last Saturday at Kirklin 14 to 0.
Coach Powell has had his men hard at practice ever since the first day of the fall term, when forty-five men came out for the team. After much weeding the local mentor has a team with a line that will average 160 pounds and a fairly fast backfield. The lads however only know the rudiments of the game of football.
Five games have been carded for this year. The first one this afternoon; Peru here on October 2; Plymouth there on October 9; Warsaw there on October 16; and Logansport here October 23. All of the schools scheduled have had an eleven for a number of years. There is a possibility that the locals will meet Kokomo there on October 30 and Emerson High of Gary and Marion High School the dates and places to be determined later.
Following are the men which Coach Powell accompanied by Prin. L. V. Phillips and Prof. Rankin took to Young America this morning. Howard Collins, Donald Davis, Cecil Fenstermacher, Daniel Flynn, Louis Foster, Roy Fultz, Allison Haimbaugh, Omar Haimbaugh, Howard Hays, Curtner Heath, Robert Kenyon, Arthur Mikesell, Dee Miller, Virgil Miller, Ira Glen Miller, Carl Parker, Donald Ralston, Arthur Sheets, Donald Sheets, Charles Sheridan, Clifford Sriver, Howard Stoner and Howard Swartwood.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, September 25, 1926]
FOOTE, FRANK [Rochester Indiana]
FRANK FOOTE (Biography)
The genial proprietor and manager of the Bee Hive Store, Frank FOOTE, is a "buckeye" by birth, having been born and raised in Wood county, Ohio. After completing his education he spent several years as traveling salesman for New York, Toledo and Philadelphis wholesale dry goods houses. He came to Rochester in 1893 and bought an interest in the store with Mr. John HOLMAN whom he shortly bought out, and has made the Bee Hive Store a synonym for good bargains and honest dealing. Mr. Foote married Miss Mary GIBSON, of Warsaw, very soon after he settled in Rochester, and together they have made hosts of friends in their chosen home.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

FORD, EDSEL [Rochester, Indiana]
EDSEL WAS HERE
A large Lincoln special-built landau passed thru Rochester Sunday bearing Edsel Ford and a party from Detroit to the motor races at Indianapolis.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 29, 1922]

FORD, ERNEST [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Ernest Ford)

FORDYCE, JIMMY [Rochester, Indiana]
* * * * * PHOTO * * * * *
Jimmy Fordyce of Rochester, who will make his first parachute jumps in his home town Sunday, May 29th and Decoration Day, during the automobile and aeroplane race to be held at Lake Manitou Speedway, Rochester. Few local people know that one of their own citizens is one of the most daring parachute jumpers in the U. S. today, and a trip to the local Speedway Sunday and Monday will hold plenty of thrills for the home-towners. Rochester keep an eye on Fordyce, he's going places in a big way.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, May 25, 1932]

FOREST FARM [Zink Lake]
A. E. SCHAD DONATES TO FISH HATCHERY FUND
A. E. Schad, of Chicago, owner of the Forest Farm at Zinks Lake, has presented the Izaak Walton League of this city with a snug sum of money to be used in the construction of the new fish hatcheries at the lake. Mr. Schad visited the new hatcheries a few days ago and was so impressed with the work the League is doing that he donated to be instrumental in the construction and maintenance of the hatchery.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, October 3, 1929]

FOREST FARM PRODUCTS [Rochester, Indiana]
The Belle Center Creamery Cheese plant of Ohio was looking for an outlet for the buttermilk production in this area. Bob [Robert P. Moore] was recommended and he took over its entire output in 1945. His business and warehouse was at the SW corner of E 9th and Wabash, later the site of Heisler's drug store and the last location of Chester White Swine Record Association office.
Business was good and soon out-grew the facilities, so early in the spring of 1949 Bob purchased a large two-story brick building NW corner 4th & Main Street from the estate of Ike Klein. This building had housed the junk and wool business for many, many years. [This location was later owned by Burton Plumbing & Heating.]
Again business grew and he purchased the old Pickle Factory buildings (later the Rochester Canning Factory owned by Rube Scheid and Ben Vernon) in March, 1957, at 168 Fulton Avenue by the Chicago-Erie Railroad and built an extensive housing project for his products. He bought the buttermilk products in solid form from the two Belle Center plants in Ohio and from Armour Creameries in Rochester, and it was the buttermilk products that he sold that he became known as "Buttermilk Bob." He continued business at this location until his death in July, 1962. (This building and the sale barn were destroyed by tornado April 3, 1974.)
[Moore Family, Reba Moore Shore, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, by Shirley Willard.]

FOREST SHAVING SALOON [Rochester, Indiana]
On Main St., nearly opposite Central Hotel. P. Ehrsman, Prop'r. Shaving, Hair Dressing and Shampooing. Done in the most workman-like manner. Rochester January 9th, 1866.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 11, 1866]

Forest Shaving Saloon. "Phil" Ershman, the gentlemanly proprietor has moved his shop over C. A. Henderson's Drug Store. . . . now has employed another workman . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, July 12, 1866]

FORTUNE MAGAZINE ARTICLE [Rochester, Indiana]
CITY WILL BE FEATURED IN A MAGAZINE ARTICLE
Rochester and communiy is going to be given nation-wide publicity in a story which will appear in the Fortune Magazine, it was learned here today when information was received that one of the magazine's star reporters would come here to acquire the material for the article. The Fortune Magazine is one of the most costly magazines published and is widely read by the wealthy people of the country.
The publishers of the magazine decided some time ago to carry a story on a typical mid-western medium-sized town, the story to contain the history of the community, something about its pioneers, its industries, its business men, its special features and individuals. The story also is to be illustrated with numerous pictures taken in and about the town.
Selected This City
Two weeks ago the magazine sent an investigator, Walter Graebner, into Indiana, which was regarded as a typical midwestern state, to look over a number of towns with about 3,500 population. Mr. Garebner spent an afternoon in this city and then went on to look over five other towns he had on his list. He stated he was most impressed with Rochester and that the only objection that he thought the publishers might find with the city was that it was "too progressive" and therefore not typical. He cited the municipal airport, the new hospital, the federal fish hatchery, the circus quarters, the lake summer resort section, the many modern churches and schools as making this an outstanding community. However, it is evident that the publishers decided that this was the ideal community and was selected above all others under consideration.
Information was received here today that Miss Campbell, feature writer, would come to Rochester Thursday and begin work securing information, data and photographs. She will be assisted in her work by The News-Sentinel staff and all citizens who care to volunteer their services. Anyone knowing of some feature that might be interesting to Miss Campbell can get in touch with her at The News-Sentinel after Thursday.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, May 18, 1936]

FORTUNE STAFF ARTISTS TAKING SCENES OF CITY
The art work for Katharine Hamill's feature story on "Rochester" which is scheduled to appear in the August issue of the Fortune magazine, is now well underway it was disclosed today.
Maitland de Gogorza of New York, staff artist for Fortune, arrived in this city late Friday and established his studo in the lower room of the Barrett hotel. From this location he is making preliminary sketches of "Main Street" and other scenes within the range of vision from his hotel porch. The sketches which are being done in pastels will be sent to the New York offices, where upon receiving an official o. k. they will be re-made in crayons and water colors.
Mr. De Gorgoza, who is a nephew of the great baritone opera singer Emilio de Gorgoza, is a teacher of art in the Smith College, at North Hampton, Mass. He stated in an interview today that his home was less than a 100 yards distant from the Coolidge residence.
Another Fortune artist assisting Miss Hamill in the illustration work of her story, is Norman Taylor, one of the "ace" staff photographers. Mr. Taylor, who is an Englishman, completed an architectural course in an Australian university several years ago, and upon coming to America he forsook that profession to take up photography. The photographer has already taken numerous pictures throughout the business district and surrounding territory.
The staff art men stated all of their work had to be in the New York office on or before June 15th which is the dead-line for material for the August issue of Fortune.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 2, 1936]

ROCHESTER GIVEN AIRING IN THE FORTUNE MAGAZINE
Rochester, Ind., Population 3,518, an average mid-west rural town, becomes Exhibit "A" for better or worse for the thousands of subscribers to "Fortune" magazine, who are now perusing its August issue. The rather voluminous article was compiled and written by Miss Catherine Hamill, staff writer of the Time-Fortune Corporation, of New York. The story was hi-lighted with art and photography work by staff artists.
The first copies of the glamorous, multi-colored, big-time, metropolitan magazine reached its two regular Rochester subscribers Sunday, and early Monday morning the local expressman received the fifty special copies for those who had always entertained a suppressed desire which may be adequately expressed in the lines of Robert Burns: "Oh could some power the giftee gi'e us to see ourselves as others see us."
Plenty of Comment
By late mid-afternoon the small community of Rochester was a buzzin' with comment in the role it played in Fortune. There was praise. There were groans. Three thousand, five hundred and eighteen souls are hard to corral in an unison of opinion - whether it be politics, religion, morals, or what yave you. However, in the home-towners' comment on Miss Hamill's story of this little city, it may truthfully be stated that the acclamations of praise overshadowed rumblings of dissention. And now to a resume of the feature story:
The author at the outset gives the reader a clear insight into the material lay-out of our little city - its dimensions, its main buildings, its churches, tourists homes, its shade trees, its stately homes, and its slum areas.
Continuing are resumes of the commercial life of the town - the community sales; the Saturday rural shopping crowds; the trading in grocery and general stores; the good times at Ye taverns; a glimpse into the official family and the city hall; the hotels, restaurants and theatres all pass in review. Interspersing the commercial and civic life of Rochester are limited skits about the business men, city and government officials, politicians, lake resort proprietors and brief portrayals of rural life.
Several paragraphs are then devoted to the community social life, professional affairs and fraternal and civic organizations, with many personal slants on the various officials and leaders being presented. The Cole Bros. Circus, the community WPA projects, women's organizations, the red-light district and the slum sections were also frankly treated.
An excerpt taken from the concluding paragraph of Miss Hamill's article reveals the author had sensed the true spirit of the average native of this community, when she stated: "They like to joke about Shelton's dray horse, Billy, the only horse in town, and to say Rochester is a one-horse town. They are used to being called hicks and Hoosiers and Main Streeters, and they don't care. If anybody wants to laugh, let them laugh. They are proud to live in Indiana, proud to live in Fulton county, proud to live on the quiet shaded streets of Rochester."
The author and her staff of artists interviewed numerous people during her four weeks stay in this community and proceeded in an even tenor in the methodical preparation of her "copy." When completed her article contained over 20,000 words and the "blue pencil" of the "Fortune" deleted many interesting sidelights of both personal and civic interest which Miss Hamill believed were essential in her word review of an average rural mid-west town. Through this final pruning, omissions were made which may or may not bring adverse comment. However, in making final comment on the Fortune article, it can be stated Rochester and its habitats were fairly well reviewed and viewed from front, side and rear angles.
What's your opinion? The Voice of the People column of The News-Sentinel is open for comment.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 28, 1936]

INDIANAPOLIS TIMES APPROVES ROCHESTER MAGAZINE ARTICLE
Forthcoming today in the comment, both pro andcon, on te fortune magazine article concerning Rochester, ws the opinion of The Indianapolis Times, which said: "The tale is a warm account of the life in a small Indiana town . . . Rochester is typical of friendliness, serenityand beauty."
"The article occupies more space than any other in the magazine," said the Times. "It also is illustrated more profusel than the other articles."
Commented the author of The Times' news story:
"I know an insurance man in a small town who makes a good living for his family and has time to go fishing now and then, take a trip to a meytropolis occasionally, have lunmcheon with his family daily and generally lives a leisurely life the year around.
"I know a banker who has plenty of time to get around and have hearty conversations with people he likes, who nevfer has eaten his luncheon in 15 minutes, who knows only by foreign experience the curtness of people bih corporations hire.
"That's how the article ub Fortune left the reader. It was warm and close to the small town," concluded the Times.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 29, 1936]

FORTUNE STORY OF ROCHESTER IS CHALLENGE TO WESTERNER
Editor's Note - The following letter was received recently by the editor of The News-Sentinel, and it is printed in this column so that our readers may know what a far off citizen and stranger thinks of our community. If any reader cares to answer the writer of the letter, the editor would be delighted to have them do so - and, in fact,urges anyone so inclined to tell him about the Rochester community.
__________
Editor, The News-Sentinel:
I have just been introduced to you and your interesting little city although you are unaware of the fact. I have also met a number of your leading citizens and have been informed of the way people live in your city, the way the farmers trade on Saturday, and how everybody goes over to the lake in summer. It all started from a most interesting article in FORTUNE, to which the atlas and census report in my library added the geographical and statistical touch. To keep up this touch, I want you to enter my subscription to the News-Sentinel for three months and mail me the bill. And if there is an issue commenting on the Fortune story, please sent it also.
I will introduce myself as a citizen of Mountain View, located in the Santa Clara valley about 36 miles from San Francisco. I came to Mountain View with my bride twenty-five years ago from Kansas where my father was a smalltown banker. We have been a considerable factor in the building of this little city of 3,500, having one of the largest payrolls in town.
But at 48, I am disatisfied. With a lovely home, in one of the finest climates in the world, and close to hundreds of interesting places to go, I want to give these up and attempt something worth while in the remaining years of my life. Your city and county, forming an economic unit seems to challenge me. The atlas shows you have 367 square miles and a poplation of fifteen thousand. This means Rochester is the business and social center of the entire county. Add to this your astounding circulation of three thousand in the county, which means daily contact with nearly every family, and we have a picture of an ideal set-up for community building.
You, in connection with every other community in the United States, have a problem - 50% of your families earning less than $1,000.00 per year including 236 family heads unemployed. Yet, your community seems in many ways, an excellent demonstration spot to prove that a community by working together can solve this problem and put everybody to work at good wages - at least everybody who wants to work and is able. You have a community typically American, the agricultural resources and industrial opportunities are well balanced, transportation and markets are excellent, and the city of Rochester is the business and social center of the entire county.
In addition, you have an almost perfect opportunity for moulding sentiment. There is sufficient wealth in your community to develop all its resources including the profitable employment of your people.
This is my ambition: I do not dare to make money - could keep right on here and do that, but I want to turn my California business over to my son, and go back and become one of you. I want to live very simply as an average man in your community, and with no noise or publicity, throw my ability as a business man into the one supreme job of building an ideal American Democracy in Fulton county, Indiana. You live there, you know the people, you know the conditions perfectly. Is there hope for success, if I am the right man?
Sincerely,
E. D. MINTON
509 Front St.
Mountain View, Cal.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, August 12, 1936]

VOICE OF THE PEOPLE
Editor, The News-Sentinel:
The subject of this article has to do with the recent write-up of the city, published in the Fortune Magazine.
To assure your readers that what I say is clearly within my personal memory, I will say that my acquaintance with this city began eighty years ago, when I came over from Kosciusko county where I was born, and where the early part of my life was spent. The occasion of my trip to the town, with a cousin of mine who did the driving, was to deliver to the Fair then in session, a few hogs with the hope, on the part of my father, of obtaining a blue ribbon for them. The fair ground was then located in what is now the 13th block of the city on the west side of what was then the Michigan Road, a plank road from Logansport to South Bend. This is enough of the personal part of the subject under consideration.
I am not in full accord with the critic of the write-up or write-down, I don't know which. However, it may be sufficient to say that it is both up and down. The problem the writer had before her was to properly portray the present only. Neither the past nor the future but the present only. Now to present that present classified, as they always do, the population into those who were more or less prosperous and somewhat stabilized through experience and age and those younger who are active and gradually taking over the responsibilities of the past and passing generation. This class usually, and the writer seemingly did, classify as the "smart set," and "the down and outers" and a "red-light district."
The "smart set," being active and young, form themselves into various organizations and cliques and actually furnish the progress, resulting in the development of a city, both in material and spiritual side of the population. Or rather perhaps it would be better to say the spirit side. While the older generation gradually withdrew from their activities but to a more or less degree furnish the capital through which the "smart set" carry on. Now it is human nature for some of this so-called "smart set" to become greedy and over ambitious to shine in the community, above his or her associates. The individual's spirit is ever present and seeking an advantage and popularity and publicity, and that is true in this little city of ours, and is common to all communities.
It is enough to say with respect to the red-light district that there is no such thing in our city. That has long since passed and professionally I can remember a serious incident that took place in the early part of my professional career. A young man of good family, somewhat intoxicated, visited the district, or rather a house devoted to red district practices, and got into a quarrel with the man in charge of it, resulting in the killing of the young man. I personally had to do with the prosecution of the murderer who was sent to the penitentiary for twenty years, and died there. In so far as I know there have been no houses of that character, from that time to this, allowed to exist within the corporate limits of the town. These so-called red-light districts, as I believe, are now confined to the larger cities only.
Taking into account these matters the woman who wrote the article did fairly well. There were individuals who were largely responsible for these mistakes in their greed for prominence, but can we attach the blame to the writer? Is it not more the blame of those seeking prominence in the article. There is one mistake I wish to call attention to and that is that the corporate limits of the city, north and south, is eighteen blocks instead of fourteen blocks. The southern corporate line is not Fourteenth street, but extends four blocks south thereof.
G. W. HOLMAN
Rochester, Ind.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, August 13, 1936]

ROCHESTER IS EXAMPLE IN NEW CIVICS BOOKS
You may remember that a couple of years ago the Scott, Foresman and Company were gathering material upon the city of Rochester for use in a new civics book. This book, "Living in Our Communities," has now been printed.
It was written by Edward Krug and I. James Quillen, and it may be adopted for use in our high school next year.
The entire first chapter deals with Rochester as a community and gives illustrations and pictures of streets and of various sections of town.
It has several paragraphs which are reprinted from an article in Fortune magazine describing Rochester and Lake Manitou.
[Station R.H.S., The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, May 1, 1946]

REVISITING FORTUNE'S EXAMINATION OF THE ROCHESTER OF 1936
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
[NOTE: The following precedes and Fortune Magazine story, in nine parts, was e-mailed by Jack K. Overmyer for inclusion in this Fulton County Indiana HANDBOOK at the request of the compiler. - WCT]
By 1936 Fortune Magazine, six years after its founding in New York City, was established as what it remains today, the country's premier business journal, but was striving to be more. Specifically, its publisher Henry R. Luce wanted to bring to Fortune's sophisticated business and industry leaders an awareness of the country that existed outside their isolated boardrooms.
It was in this context, then, that in the spring of that year Fortune's editors sent a reporting team into the American heartland to examine mid-Thirties life in a typical small town. They chose Rochester for this big-time media exposure.
The August, 1936, issue of Fortune presented to its 400,000 readers a lengthy literary portrayal of the city and its people that was spread over 18 illustrated pages. Labeled "Small Town" in the table of contents, the article was headlined simply "Pop. 3,518," followed by: "Rochester, Indiana: Dawson's drugstore and $1 doctor fees and bridge suppers and the $1,420,000 bank deposits and Ike Wile's department store and the dances out to the lake."
Being only 12 years old at the time, I had no interest in reading the piece and did not do so until much later. I do know, however, that by and large Rochester folks basked in the national attention they received. For many years afterward they cited the Fortune article, somewhat pretentiously, as evidence that the city had been chosen as the model American small town.
Now that 65 years have passed perhaps a later generation should peek into our city's long-gone and simpler lifestyle and make its own judgment about that claim. Therefore, in this and subsequent weeks the Fortune article will be presented in installments, each preceded by forgotten facts concerning its creation.
I recommend the article not only as a good read, but often a surprising one. Now for the beginning:

+ + + + +

Down from South Bend, Indiana, runs U. S. Highway No. 31 in an almost imperceptibly westward-bulging curve, crossed at the section lines by gravel and dirt roads that divide the countryside into mile-square rectangles; south for 30 miles through the towns of Lakeville, Lapaz, Plymouth and Argos, through farmland that rises and falls in long gentle swells of fertile field and pasture.
Ten miles south of Argos it crosses the Tippecanoe River and eases along for a couple of miles between barbeque stands, tourist cabins, filling stations and billboards; past signs advertising gas and oil, fryers, broilers, hides and tankage, and singing canaries; until it leaves the open country for the outskirts of a town and bumps over the main-line tracks of the Erie Railroad. Once across the tracks Highway 31 becomes the main street of Rochester, Indiana.
To the roadsick tourist or the auto-race fan hurrying toward Indianapolis on Memorial Day the main street of Rochester is a 14-block-long irritation of parked cars and traffic lights (three of them) before the concrete stretches straight and open ahead of him once more. But to the citizen of Rochester the main street is Main Street. It is North Main --- "tractors with lugs and roughshod horses prohibited" --- where it comes in across the tracks past the Church of God, the old Opera House (now the lodge rooms of the Loyal Order of Moose), the cattle sales barn with the Saturday crowd of farmers, the busy, prosperous Ford and Chevrolet garages.
The street is just plain Main through the business district where the cars are parked thick, where farmers' wives stare into store windows, where bored salesmen sit behind the plate-glass windows of the Barrett Hotel, where high school girls giggle over chocolate sodas in Ruh's or Dawson's drugstore; past the glaring, treeless, hot and almost empty courthouse square.
And it is South Main as it runs maple-shaded between the deep-set, comfortable, late Victorian, porte-cochered houses of the leading citizens, where women sit on the wide porches and watch cars go by, where boys in sport shirts and knee breeches ride their bikes, no hands, on the sidewalks; past the Baptist and Catholic churches, the tourist homes and antique shops --- on out to the city limits, where the town suddenly and simply gives way again to pastureland and cornfield.
Rochester, county seat of Fulton County, is 14 blocks long and maybe eight wide, a ragged-edged rectangle laid flat on the level land, bounded on the north by the Erie tracks, cut into on the east by a branch of the Nickel Plate. It is small enough so that a man can walk the length of it, from Leiter's grain elevator to Mrs. Campell's antique shop, in 12 minutes; cross
it in 10, from the City Park through the fashionable district of the west side and the modest east-side section to the slums called Iceburg across the Nickel Plate. The east-west streets are numbered beginning with First at the Erie tracks and the north-south streets are named -- Fulton, Pontiac, Jefferson and (inevitable sequence) Main, Madison, Monroe, Franklin and Elm.
In the center of the town the gray-stone, red-roofed, mid-nineties courthouse stands in the bare square with 10 squatting, mildly-staring lions guarding its doors. There were trees around the courthouse in the old days, but their shade and the feet of the people who walked in their shade kept the grass from growing, so the county commissiones cut them down --- and still resist the efforts of the D. A. R. and the Woman's Club to replace them.
On a summer morning garrulous old men and farmers waiting for plowpoints to be sharpened sit in the sun on the low stone fence around the edge of the square. A little boy cuts kitty-corner across by the Civil War cannon to avoid the wide cement walks burning hot under his bare feet. The sprinklers in the four corners of the lawn turn slowly and the drops of water are bright in the sun before they fall to the burning ground.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 6, 2001]

ROCHESTER CAME TO LIFE ONLY ON SATURDAYS IN 1936
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Fortune treated its 1936 article about Rochester like a current news story and scheduled it for the August issue that would be published in late July. Assigned to the writing was Catherine Hamill, a staff writer for Time and Fortune publications. She arrived in the city on May 21 to begin the research that would occupy her for nearly four weeks, working toward a June 15 copy deadline.
Although a city-bred journalist, Ms Hamill quickly adapted to the rhythms of this small town's life. Two days after arriving, on a Saturday, she was treated to the spectacle of farm families pouring into Main Street for their weekly shopping and visiting in the city. Her observations about this event and of those who created it provided the subject she needed to introduce Rochester to her readers, as you will see in today's second installment of the article. FYI: The sales barn in 1936 was at Fifth and Main Streets, location today of Topps Safety Apparel, and, the most direct local descendants of the McMahan brothers today are Mrs. Lalla (James) Heyde and Mrs. Becky (Terry) Smith, granddaughters of Otto.

+ + + + +

It is only on Saturday, when the farmers come to town for their week's trading, that the square --- and the town --- really comes to life. By 2 o'clock in the afternoon every slanting parking space in the downtown streets holds a Model-T or Plymouth or Chevrolet or new V-8. The sidewalks are filled with a slow-moving crowd, women carrying paper bundles or string bags and dragging reluctant children past the peanut wagon; heavy-shouldered men carrying sacks of flour from Kroger's store to their cars, stopping at Black & Bailey's hardware, the John Deere dealers to look at a disk harrow, shoving through the crowds to find a seat on the benches overlooking the trading floor in the cattle sales barn.
Inside the barn farmers in overalls and cattle buyers in shirt sleeves move slowly across the hot, ammonia-smelling floor and stand against the boards of the pens looking at lots of feeding cattle. They make their bids with jerks of the head, consulting sometimes with one of the retired farmers who lives in town now but still comes every Saturday afternoon to the sales. There is the continuous shouting and wisecracking of the auctioneer and an occasional burst of bidding and arguing, but mostly easy, heavy joking and slow talk.
The farmers are as important to Rochester as corn is to a hog, and many of the businesses of the town ease around to the sales barn to talk about prices and planting, implements and weather. Hugh McMahan, postmaster and owner of the Barrett Hotel, is there with his coat off and his straw hat pushed to the back of his head, leaning against a greasy post, talking. It's natural that he should be there and there isn't a farmer in the county that doesn't know him, know Hugh and his six brothers and how they came up from their father's farm south of town and worked their way into the business and politics of Rochester.
Ask anyone at the sale and he will tell you how 40 years ago the seven gawky, barefooted McMahan brothers were laughed at and snubbed when they came up to school in town. But after they got out of school they borrowed a little money and opened a small grocery business, and the seven of them together --- Hugh and Otto and Tom and Bill and Pat and John and Jim --- began to make good. They branched out into other businesses. They bought a bungalow in town for their mother and every Sunday night there were seven Model T Fords outside the door while the sons called on her. A few years later the Model T's were Buicks and Dodges, still later, Cadillacs and Packards.
The brothers owned a dozen or more farms, they were in the road contracting business, the cattle-raising business, the furniture business, the real estate business, the hotel business. They owned houses and office buildings and land. They became the bosses of the Democratic party in the county. Together and against the world they grew rich. If anything went wrong with one the other six stepped in and helped him. They used one another's money and bank accounts, settling everything in one amicable session later. Then four of the boys, Bill and Pat and John and Jim, moved to Los Angeles and went into the furniture business. They own houses there, and cars and polo ponies. They take their families on world cruises and they seldom come back to Rochester.
Otto runs the family business affairs in Rochester but is no longer a political power. Tom still farms in Fulton County. Hugh, less enterprising than his brothers, is satisfied to be postmaster and to own the Barrett Hotel, which his son-in-law, Will Delaney, runs. He leaves the cattle barn now this afternoon to stop in and lean up against the hotel counter and talk to Will. There are half a dozen men sitting at the writing desks in the lobby, looking at the bus schedule to see what time they can get away to Indianapolis, staring out the windows at the crowded streets, looking in vain for the cuspidors that Delaney took away last year because his little boy liked to play with them.
When the sale is over the farmers drift along the street, into Bob's barber shop on the corner, where a line of men in tilted chairs wait their turn, out and along south to Krieghbaum's liquor store. Most of them go on by, but a few stop in and ask for a 77-cent pint of corn, the newer and whiter and rawer, the better. Coming out they nod to Clay Sheets, the chief of police (and entire daytime police force), sitting there in his parked car.. They drift on down toward the center of town, where their women are still going in and out of the A & P and Cloud's and Morris's, and Schultz's, the 5-cent to $1 chain store. While the women shop, the men prop their shoulders against the store fronts and talk.
They talk politics --- local issues and local candidates. The county is normally Republican by 400 votes but four years ago it swung hard over to the Democrats and two years ago hung near the middle but gave Democrats an edge. The wise boys think Roosevelt will carry the country this fall but not the county. They think, they don't know why, that even the farmers who got AAA checks, even the unemployed who are paid by the WPA, even the veterans who got their bonus bonds, may vote for Landon.
But talk about national politics is less frequent, less spirited, than talk about whether Hugh Barnhart will beat out the Republican, Halleck from Rensselaer, for Congress, whether Bob Shafer will get in again as auditor, whether Dale Poenix, who is only 24, can beat the Democratic circuit judge, Robert Miller, and be elected the youngest judge in Indiana, and whether Mayor James Babcock, the dentist, will be a candidate for a second term.
A 1936 ROCHESTER BUDGET --- Totaling $1,962 for well-to-do family of four with yearly income of $2,000 --- $76 taxes on $4,000 house and lot, $15 personal property taxes, $226 premium on $10,000 life insurance policy, $45 auto insurance, $200 auto expenses and amortization, $110 coal for furnace, $150 summer lake cottage rent, $25 country club dues, $6 Knights of Pythias lodge dues, $6 water, $18 telephone for four-party line at $1.50 a month, $110 gas and electricity, $540 food, $175 entertainment and travel, $210 clothing, $50 doctors and medicine.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 13, 2001]

FORTUNE PUBLISHED ONLY HALF OF ITS WRITER'S ROCHESTER WORK
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
It is evident from her prose that Catherine Hamill, author of Fortune Magazine's 1936 article about Rochester, became entranced with the city and its inhabitants during her four-week stay here. Yet the full extent of her wonderment never will be known. She told Hugh Barnhart, editor of The News-Sentinel, that she turned in a manuscript of 20,000 words to her editors, who reduced it to 9,000 to fit the space allotted. Thus, many of her personal observations of local people and their lifestyle were lost forever.
If the missing parts were anything like those contained in today's third installment of the article, the loss is indeed regrettable, for here she begins to deal with local personalities. FYI: Banker Percy Smith was the father of Mrs. Jane Miller, Brant McKee the father of Bill McKee, Jimmy Coplen the great-grandfather of Bill Coplen, Boyd Peterson the father of Mrs..
Lorene Rauschke and Mrs. Engrid Brown, and, Swamp Root was a popular elixir said to improve liver, kidney and bladder functions.

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Two young farmers from down near Athens lean up against the iron rail on the corner beside the First National Bank and look diagonally across to the courthouse. The tower clock strikes five long booming strokes. The bank door opens and clicks shut again and Percy Smith, the banker, stands there at the corner. "Hi, Perce." He turns to talk to the farmers. Percy hopes it isn't going to rain tomorrow because he wants to get out on the river and go fishing; the bass and redeye are biting good and he's been working so hard he hasn't had a chance to get out, didn't even get home today for lunch, and is only ready to quit now, two hours after closing time. There are always a lot of people from the farms out around the county who want to see him on Saturday.
Percy Smith is young, about 40, a careful, conservative banker who inherited from his father the bank his grandfather started in 1866. He doesn't take chances with anybody's money, including his own. He and his wife, who was Myra Paramore, and their daughter, Jane, live comfortably and simply in his father's big, green, wide porched house just two blocks west of the bank. He's got to go back there now before he goes out to the lake (Lake Manitou, a mile east of town) because his wife has driven up to Chicago for the day --- won't be home until suppertime --- and he wants to see that the new maid has cleaned up the house all right. The last one packed up her things and went back to the farm when she heard Mrs. Smith talking about going to a dance. It's a hard matter to find a maid. There are only a few in
town and they have mostly come, untrained, from the country and are just as likely as not to call their masters and mistresses by their first names.
Percy goes on around the corner toward home, and the young farmers move back along Main to the Tom Thumb for a glass of beer while they wait for their families. Some of the farm kids have gone down to the fire station in the city hall to look at the two fire trucks and are disappointed when the chief, Art Smith, won't pull the siren for them. The women have gone down to Wile's to buy piece goods for the children's clothes and maybe pick up a
cheap ready-made dress or two.
Ike Wile, the leading merchant of Rochester, has been busy in the store since 7:30 this morning and will be there till midnight, genial and shrewd, moving through the store from one department to another, watching the women pawing through the racks of dollar and dollar-ninety-five cottons and the more expensive silks and crepes. The salesgirls do the first talking and showing, but Ike is there to advise his customers, to criticize their choices, to lecture them on styles and prices. He jokes about the society women who go 100 miles up to Chicago to buy dresses at Field's when they could have gotten the same thing cheaper here. But at that he isn't worried about business --- the ladies‚ ready-to-wear grows every year, and there's always a steady demand for yard goods, notions, linoleum, bed ticking and valises. Last year he did $150,000 worth of business. He can't complain.
The women go out of the store talking about what a good man Ike is, how even if he is rich and lives in a big brick house on South Main and belongs to the Country Club, he's easy to deal with and generous when anybody's in trouble. They carry their bundles back along the block opposite the courthouse, nudging each other when they pass a group of summer people in shorts and slacks. They go into Dawson's drugstore on the corner for a bottle of Swamp Root and they stand there at the end of the soda fountain waiting until Mr. Dawson gets through making up a prescription and selling a bathing cap.
While they wait Mr. Dawson's granddaughter, Carolyn Barr, comes in and joins a couple of girls she knew in high school sitting, cool with backless dresses and bare legs, at a table in the back of the store. Carolyn is home from Northwestern, where she graduated with a Phi Beta Kappa key at the head of her class, and she's terribly thrilled because she has just heard that she has a job as a secretary to the editor of the Chicago Times. Her grandfather treats her and her friends to Coca-Cola and he stays listening to their laughing talk while his partner, Mr. Coplen, waits on the customers.
Carolyn and the girls go out and get into her father's roadster. She waits until they have driven past the Courthouse and are going along Ninth Street toward the lake before she lights a cigarette --- not because she minds being seen smoking in public but because Mrs. Dawson, social leader, regent of the D. A. R., active worker in the Baptist Church, doesn't quite like the idea of women smoking, and Carolyn is considerate of her grandmother's feelings. It's different with her mother and father, of course. Guy Barr and his wife, who was Mary Dawson, have traveled a lot and have sophisticated ideas about things like that.
The two farmers' wives get their Swamp Root and go out and across the street, along past the new Farmers & Merchants Bank and the News-Sentinel building with the crayoned bulletin pasted on the front window, to their car parked alongside the old hitching rail by the post office. They sit and wait for their husbands. They hear the noise and talk and whooping from Chamberlain's beer parlor --- "stags only" --- around the corner and they see Brant McKee and the other mail carriers coming back with the last pickup, which will be sent over to the Erie depot in Jimmy Coplen's taxi in time for the eastbound train.
They see Boyd Peterson, the sheriff, sitting on the front porch of his house, which is also the jail, across from the post office. And finally they see their men come, lounging along the street. The men stop to stick their heads into Chamberlain's and call out to their friends, and then they come along sheepishly and get into the car and head for home.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 20, 2001]

FORTUNE EXAMINES ROCHESTER'S 1936 SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Today's fourth installment of Fortune Magazine's 1936 article about Rochester features a detailed examination of the city's social structure. First, however, Saturday's busy farm visitors are followed into their nightime activities before they head for home. FYI: The existence of local brothels was a subject that The News-Sentinel later acknowledged had been "treated frankly" in the article, and, the Mrs. Hawkins mentioned here was my maternal grandmother.
The reporting team Fortune sent to Rochester included two others besides writer Catherine Hamill. Arriving a bit later than she did were artist Maitland de Gogorza and photographer Norman Taylor. de Gogorza, who taught art at Smith College in Massachusetts, set up his studio at the Barrett Hotel, now the Ace Hardware location at Seventh and Main Streets. There he would complete the watercolor paintings of city scenes that accompanied the
published article. Taylor, British by birth, roamed the city and its environs for photos, adding individual portraits at Ms Hamill's direction.

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Plenty of farm families stay in town for supper and the movies and more shopping. They eat at Hoover's or the Coffee Shop or Thompson's Tavern or Mrs. Hawkins's cafe. At Hawkins's they leave the tables to the town clients and sit up at the counter under the slow paddle-wheel fans and eat oven steaks, fresh fried potatoes, buttered corn, peach pie, and coffee for 40 cents. They gossip with Mrs. Hawkins while they eat and she puts a dab of vanilla ice cream on the children's pie free, and they all feel good about that and go out smiling, letting the screen door slam behind them.
After supper they go to either the Rex or the Char-Bell movie theatre. Maybe they'll go to the long and narrow and smelly Rex because it's showing a western and it charges only 15 cents. The Char-Bell was named for one of the founders, Charles Krieghbaum (who now runs the liquor store), and his wife Mattie-Belle. It is owned now by Krieghbaum's brother, Lisle, who couldn't be hired to show a Mae West film in his theatre. The people of Rochester, he says, want clean movies, good wholesome comedies, and they don't mind paying 20 cents for them. Shirley Temple is the favorite star, replacing the late Will Rogers, and other popular players are Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, Joe E. Brown, Dick Powell. Dick got his start in the show business with Charlie Davis's orchestra right out here at the lake.
After the movies the farmers wander again along the bright streets, their women drooping and their children whining, until the stores close at midnight. Then the family men take their wives and kids home. But many a young farmer stays in town, hanging around pool halls and bowling alleys, sometimes starting enough of a brawl in one of the beer parlors to make the cops, Roy Hupp and Paul Whitcomb, who take over Chief Sheets's duties at night, step in and warn them to shut up or go home. They hang around sometimes, talking and drinking and eating hamburgers and popcorn, till dawn and drive back to their farms as the sun comes up hot on the flat horizon.
Long before all the farmers have driven back home, leaving the downtown streets empty and wide again, the citizens of Rochester have gone to their homes in one or another section of town. A few furtive men have left the bars and pool halls not to go home but to sneak through alleys and across the Nickel Plate to the two or three houses along the narrow creek where the town prostitutes live. It's kind of risky in a place where everybody knows what everybody's doing, and men with any reputation to maintain would rather go down to the red-light district in Logansport (pop. 18,000), 23 miles away, but there are always a few to patronize the local girls here on the other side of the tracks.
Home across the tracks and along the unpaved streets of the gashouse section and Iceburg (after a family named Ice) go hard-faced, discouraged men and slattern women carrying dirty sleeping children. They walk without talking and go silently into their dark, unpainted shacks. They are the shiftless, the improvident of the town, and many of their names appear on the County Poor Relief and WPA rolls. They rent their ramshackle houses for 4 or 5 dollars a month or live in tar-paper shanties they have built in vacant lots.
Not all of Rochester's poor live in one section; they are pretty well scattered around the edges of town, and the one Negro, one-armed Bob Rickman, lives over an old store building on North Main, alone since his white wife died. He picks up odd jobs here and there and he is an accepted part of life in Rochester. He was born here, went to school here, and on the street people speak to him in as friendly tones as they use to anyone else in town.
To the frame bungalows and two-family houses in the southeast section and fanning out all along the fringe of the swell part of town come the laborers --- but half of them are unemployed --- and the clerks and skilled workers, the small businessmen and the retired farmers. Among them are a few foreigners, but most of them are of the English, Scotch and German stock that came to Rochester 100 years ago from western New England, Pennsylvania and New York. They are solid citizens of Rochester, thrifty and simple and conservative, church members and good neighbors. They come back to modest comfortable homes set behind the row of trees along the street in patches of ground big enough for vegetable gardens out back.
The laborers' families (there are 500 of them in town) may live on as little as $500 a year. Rents are as low as $5 a month (average for the whole town is only $17). Clothes are cheap, and the biggest expense is food, which costs as much as it does in Chicago or any midwestern city. These families drive old cars, and the women take in washing or sewing, and the children deliver papers after school, or knock on the screen doors of the big houses to ask can they cut the lawn for a quarter. It is in this group that most of the comparatively large number of divorces occur (32 in 1935).
Above the laborers but, like them, a solid part of the base of Rochester's social pyramid are the 300-400 moderate well-to-do families, the clerks and little shopkeepers and retired farmers, who have incomes of from $1,000 to $2,500 a year, who belong to the lodges instead of clubs, who drive their cars for three years instead of one, who play softball and pool instead of golf and bridge, who may or may not own their own homes.
And at the top of the pyramid are the 100 or more families with incomes ranging from $2,500 to $5,000 (maybe three or four of them have as much as $10,000) who live in the best section of town and belong to the "best" (Baptist and Methodist) churches and own their own homes --- rich with stained-glass windows and overstuffed chairs and damask drapes and marble statuettes --- and their cottages at the lake and late-model cars. They buy their clothes in Chicago and they may go to Florida in the winter or to New York for a week of theatres. Their men go fishing and hunting. Their children take music lessons from Professor Ben Brandenburg and go, when they leave high school, to Indiana or Purdue or DePauw or Northwestern. The heads of these families have in most cases inherited their businesses and professions, along with their homes and beliefs and social standing, from their parents. They are the prominent citizens, the leaders of the town.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 27, 20001]

FORTUNE'S CHIC REPORTER DISCOVERS THE LAKE MANITOU SCENE
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Two members of Fortune's reporting team that produced the magazine's 1936 article about Rochester were birds of a different plumage whose mode of dress shocked a few of the good burghers of this small town. Artist Maitland de Gogorza wore knickers, plaid stockings and a coat best suited, one local thought, for "mountain climbing or auto racing." The same observer considered writer Catherine Hamill's raiment a bit "too chic" while Station Agent Ed
Sparks thought it "gaudy" when he saw her alight from the Erie train.
The fashionable Ms Hamill probably paid little heed to her critics and in today's fifth installment of her article she introduces her readers to Lake Manitou's stylish country club and dance resort scenes. FYI: A. C. Bradley was the father of Robert Bradley of Lake Manitou, and, Mrs. Howard Shafer was the great-grandmother of Mike, Mark, Rob and Dan Shafer of Rochester.

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Driving home from the movies and cafes and soda fountains in shiny sedans are these merchants, lawyers and doctors and bankers, their wives and sons and daughters. They drive slowly under the tree-shaded lights of the quiet streets, out South Main and along Jefferson and Pontiac and the numbered streets that connect them. They put the sedans in their garages and walk across smooth lawns to the wide porches of their homes. They go in through the unlocked doors, turn on the lights and the radios, and the children look to see what has been left in the electric refrigerator. A neighbor's son drops in and suggests that Bill and Mabel come on out to a dance at the lake with him, and they go out to his topless, wisecrack-painted car and drive noisily off, leaving mother and father to sit on the porch listening to the courthouse clock strike midnight.
Bill and Mabel and the neighbor's son, going out to Lake Manitou, drive east along Ninth Street, out past the federal fish hatchery and the airport, to the Colonial Hotel on the edge of the lake --- just a mile from town. The dance is still going strong on the big outdoor floor, and the bar and lounges and open galleries are crowded. A lot of summer people, people from Indianapolis and Kokomo and Logansport who own cottages at the lake, are here, and tourists, and boys and girls over from Wabash and Winamac and Peru (pronounced Pee-ru). Most of the youngsters of Rochester, from high school age up, are either dancing or working at the bar and soda fountain. And the young married set has come in late after dinner and a few dances over at Fairview, Harry Page's hotel at the other end of the lake.
The Percy Smiths went back into town after leaving Fairview about midnight, but the rest of the crowd stopped in here. The Barrs, and Hugh Barnhart, the editor of the News-Sentinel, and his wife, who was Martha Anspaugh from Angola, and Lyman Brackett and his wife, the former Arwesta Personette from Argos, and Dr. Mark Piper, the city health officer, and his wife. They dance and some of them ease up to the bar and drink rye highballs; they play the slot machines and kid each other and sometimes listen to a couple of off-color stories; they keep one eye on their young sons and daughters on the dance floor, and they enjoy themselves.
In a corner of the upper balcony overlooking the lake is the owner of the Colonial, Arthur Clinton Bradley, who was once a Kansas rancher, once a sugar broker in Indianapolis. The citizens of Rochester, dancing on the floor below, know all about Brad. They know how he and his wife built the Colonial up from a cheap resort to a first-class hotel and dance pavilion, how he made Lake Manitou famous by importing Duke Ellington's orchestra and Wayne King's and Jan Garber's for one-night stands.
They know that he owns 3,000 acres of farmland in Fulton County and that he started up the Farmers & Merchants Bank and is president of it . They give him credit for helping to get the fish hatchery and the airport located here, and for helping to persuade the Cole Bros.-Clyde Beatty circus, two years ago, to establish its winter quarters in the buildings left vacant when the Rochester Bridge Co. failed in 1930.
They talk a lot about Bradley as they dance on his crowded floor or try to push up close enough to put in their orders at his bar. He's done a lot for Rochester, they say, and he's more progressive than most --- interesting and different --- and sometimes hard to get along with. He is friendly enough tonight as he comes down from the gallery and talks and laughs with his guests before they start for home.
Half a dozen fishermen's rowboats are anchored out in the deep spot in the middle of the lake before 6 o'clock on Sunday morning. An Evinrude motor sputters, put-puts for a minute, and is cut off when the propeller gets caught in weeds at the marshy south end of the lake. Children run from one cottage to another, tapping on the windows of their friends' rooms. "Hey, gang." Screen doors bang, bathings suits are snatched off lines strung from the back door to the privy, boat keels grate on the pebbles, the smell of coffee comes through the open kitchen windows.
Each cottage, whether it is a one-room shack or a two-story house with electricity and plumbing, has a pier, and a porch screened from mosquitoes, and a name: We-two, Twill-Dew, Laf-a-lot, B-Hap-E, Villa Nova, Skeeter-haven, Wigwam, Miramar, Yours 'n Mine, Constant Comfort, Linger Longer. In them, from Memorial Day to Labor Day, live the prosperous citizens of Rochester and summer people from all over northern Indiana.
Driving around the back road to the level, nine-hole golf course by the Rochester Country Club, rocking on the porches, wading and swimming out to the raft, are many of the members of the Rochester churches this Sunday morning. They would have gone into services if it hadn't been such a nice day, if they hadn't planned a steak fry for the children over on the Big Hills. The Catholics, most of them summer people, do go in to Mass, and some of the older Rochester people, trustees and presidents of the aid societies, drive in and take their accustomed places at the other churches.
Percy Smith didn't go fishing after all, but is at the Methodist Church, biggest in town. Mrs. Dawson is at the Baptist Church on South Main. The choirs sing to half-filled pews and benches, and the pastors, the Reverend Stovall and the Reverend Field, urge the members to make a greater effort to attend in the future. The smaller churches, to which the farmers and less fashionable people belong, are well attended even on pleasant summer Sunday
mornings, and the members of their flocks do not rush for their cars after the service to hurry back out to the lake.
There are cars strung out along the road between the golf course and the Country Club at noon. Mrs. Henry Barnhart, stepmother of the editor, is giving a luncheon for her house guest, and 10 of the older women come, dressed in flowered silk and chiffon, wearing big summer hats and white gloves. They sit at a long table at one end of the porch and later will make up three tables of bridge for the afternoon. Dr. Wilson, the bachelor dentist who has cleaned and filled the teeth of two generations, eats alone as is his habit but will play golf after lunch with Dr. Piper and Dr. King and Hugh Barnhart. Mrs. Howard Shafer, widow of the surgeon, comes in with her two sons, John, down from Chicago for the weekend, and Dave, who is washing cars at the Pure Oil station during his summer vacation. Three or four other families come in for lunch.
After lunch some of the young women will play golf but most of the ladies play bridge at the club or take three friends home to their own cottages, turn on the radios, and settle down to an afternoon of contract. There is a relaxed easy feeling about Sunday afternoon, and a foursome may stay right on, talking and playing, helping their hostess prepare cold chicken and salad and coffee for supper, playing again in the evening, drifting home to their
cottages about 10 o'clock, or taking a little drive around the lake, past the gay dance pavilions, the noisy tough joints along the west side --- Punk Purcell's or Talbert's or Walt's Chili Parlor --- and back along the crowded highway.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 6, 2001]

FORTUNE SORTS OUT TWO LEADING CITIZENS OF 1936 ROCHESTER
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Two of the leading personalities in 1936 Rochester are profiled today in the sixth installment of Fortune Magazine's article about the city. First is Dr. Milton Leckrone, the surgeon and physician who owned, operated and modernized Woodlawn hospital, making it into one that was greatly admired by other cities.
Next is Editor Hugh Barnhart and through him The News-Sentinel, now The Sentinel, gets its moment in the spotlight. Although this article appeared four years before I first entered the newspaper's newsroom as its sports editor, I can correct one of writer Catherine Hamill's statements. It was Hugh, not his father Henry, who consolidated the city's newspapers in 1924..
Hugh lost to Republican Charles Halleck in that 1936 election but gave Halleck the closest race of his 32-year career in Congress. FYI: Barnhart's nephew is William Kintigh of Lake Manitou; there are no Leckrone descendants here but a daughter, Mrs. Patty (Russell) Heyde, lives at Warsaw; Val Zimmerman was a great-uncle of Rick Zimmerman of Rochester, and, Russel Parker's son and namesake lives here today.

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Early Monday morning the merchants and professional men drive in from their lake cottages to their stores and offices. Dr. Milton Leckrone, the town surgeon, and his wife go in together to the hospital, on Pontiac Street across from the high school. Dr. Leckrone came from Dr. Crile's clinic in Cleveland 10 years ago to be an assistant to Dr. Howard Shafer in Rochester.
After Dr. Shafer's death he bought the hospital and has done so well that he has been able to build a new and modernly equipped hospital in front of the old building --- a hospital for Rochester to boast about, for even larger towns to envy. Mrs. Leckrone did the decorating last year. She bought a different style of furniture for each room, chintz for the windows, and pictures for the tinted walls, and she runs the housekeeping and accounting departments. Patients pay $42 a week for a private room with bath and service and $18 for a bed in a ward. Allowing for charity patients, Dr. Leckrone about breaks even on the running of the hospital. He comes out ahead though on surgical work. A major operation costs from $100 to $150.
Dr. Leckrone is the only surgeon in Rochester, but any of the eight general practitioners may bring his patients to the hospital. Dr. Milo King is called the dean of physicians. His work as county health officer takes him out around the country a good deal, but he still gets a good share of the best trade in town --- he and Mark Piper, the city health officer and official circus doctor, and Dr. Stinson and his son, and Dr. Richardson. They charge $25 or $30 to deliver a baby, $1 for an office call, $2 for a house call. About one-third of all their cases are charity, and about two-thirds of the non-charity patients pay their bills. A physician who does $7,500 worth of business in a year is doing well.
If a doctor decides to send a patient to the hospital in an ambulance he may call Ora Foster or Zimmerman Bros., but most likely he will call the latter's cousin and competitor, Val Zimmerman --- "Sterling Funeral Service" --- and get his invalid car, which is an ambulance and nothing but an ambulance --- "has never had a dead man in it." If the patient dies he will probably be brought to Val's embalming room in the rear of the furniture store and laid out in one of Val's purple or brocade satin-lined caskets and placed in the homelike chapel. "There's nothing morbid about it, it's just one of our boys going home." After the service the funeral procession will move north along Main Street and west on Third to the Odd Fellows cemetery and beside the Erie tracks beyond the pickle works.
From his towered frame house on South Main, Hugh Barnhart walks four blocks to the News-Sentinel Building on Eighth Street. His progress is slow because he's the Democratic candidate for Congress and he stops and talks to the boy in the Texaco filling station, to the loafers sitting around the courthouse square, to Judge Ewing, the justice of the peace, standing on the corner. Bill Hudnell, town character, enthusiastic Democrat, shouts across the street, "I‚m for you, Hugh" and Hugh waves to him and goes into the newspaper office.
He sits in his little room at the end of the front office and goes through the mail. Having no secretary he dictates a couple of letters to Kathleen Mullican, the society editor, and then talks to her about getting another girl to help with the society and club news. What the subscribers want --- 3,032 in the county, including 1,103 in town --- is local stuff, the social and club notes, births, deaths, fires, accidents that they can't get from the Chicago Tribune and the Indianapolis News, or over the radio.
Out in the editorial room Don Carlson, the sports editor, is telling Art Copeland, the reporter, about the Merchants' game out at the city park ball field yesterday and Hugh comes out to look at the pictures Don took at the tourist camp. He looks into the cubbyhole back of Don's desk, where the city editor, Carl Van Trump, with earphones clamped to his head, is taking down the United Press dispatches, dictated from Indianapolis over the P. N. T. (Private News Telephone) --- "pony service" to the trade. Later in the day, about two o'clock, Van Trump will be clearing the last of the U. P. bulletins and taking final copy to the composing room, and between 4 and 5 o‚clock, the papers will come off the flat-bed press.
Hugh goes back to the job-printing department --- where most of the money is made --- to see Russel Parker, the staff artist, about the three-color cover he is drawing for the State Fair program. He talks to Russel about the city council meeting next week and jokes him about being a Communist and still a Republican member of the council, and Russel says that even Marx or John Reed would have a tough time operating in Rochester, and after all he isn't a real Communist, just wants to see things decent and honest. He tells Hugh about his son's graduating from high school with honors and getting a scholarship to DePauw. He's smart, the kid, not afraid to say he's a pacifist, and likes to monkey around with Shakespeare and the like.
Hugh goes back to his office and sits under the picture of his father, Henry A. Barnhart, who consolidated the News and the Republican and the Sentinel and founded the telephone company and was Congressman from the district. He knocks out an editorial on the dangers of careless driving, hands the copy to Van Trump, and goes off up the street to the telephone office above Dawson's drugstore. As president of the locally-owned company he has some papers to sign, but before he goes in to see the manager he steps into the back room where the four girls sit up at the switchboard and talks to Belle Bernetha, the chief operator. Miss Bernetha was "central" on the day the office opened in 1896 and she's been on the job ever since.
While she talks to Hugh one of the girls turns to say that nobody answers at Shafers' and Miss Bernetha tells her to ring Brackett's or Ruh's. Hugh leaves her and goes to sit across the desk from Roscoe Pontius, the manager, and sign the papers. Mr. Pontius is not only the manager of the telephone company but president of the Rochester Kiwanis Club.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 13, 2001]

FORTUNE SELECTED ROCHESTER FROM FIVE OTHER INDIANA CITIES
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
By now, you may be wondering how Rochester became the subject of Fortune Magazine's elaborate 1936 article. The short answer is: because of its charm. The long answer is that it came out best in a competition with other cities of the same size. Fortune's editors, having decided to publish a story examining life in a typical Midwestern small town, themselves selected Indiana as the state from which to choose one. In early May they sent a representative to examine Hoosier towns of about 3,500 population and recommend one to them.
Walter Graebner was Fortune's man and he spent an afternoon here before going on to five other cities not identified. When none of those five exceeded his favorable impressions of Rochester, he made the city his choice.. Graebner later confided that he feared editors might reject Rochester as "too progressive" and therefore not typical. He was referring to the city's new hospital, its airport, federal fish hatchery, circus winter quarters and summer lake resorts. It's quite likely, though, that these attributes helped sway the editors to accept Graebner's choice.
Today's seventh installment of the article explores the city's Kiwanis Club leadership and Rochester's relationship with industry. FYI: The Kiwanis Club still thrives, Charles Campell was the grandfather of Mrs. Zanna Daniels of Lake Manitou, and, the circus left town in 1940 after its winter quarters burned down. Also, Judge Ewing, the justice of the peace mentioned in last week's installment, was William Ewing, grandfather of Joan Ewing and Katie McCarter of Rochester.

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Sixty-five of the leading men of Rochester belong to the Kiwanis, meet together in joking familiarity at noon every Wednesday in the basement of the Coffee Shop. The Reverend Loren Stine of the United Brethren Church leads the opening song, "Boost Kiwanis," and follows it with the first and last stanzas of "America." One of the other ministers asks the blessing, and the members sit down at the long horseshoe table, eat the regular 35-cent dinner quickly. President Pontius strikes the bell for attention and turns the meeting over to one of the town's prominent lawyers, Charles Campbell, the vice president.
Mr. Campbell welcomes the out-of-town guests who have come over from Winamac
because they had to miss the last meeting at home, and introduces the speaker, Mr. Perry, the manual-training teacher at the high school. Mr. Perry gives a short talk on his work and there are a few questions and another song, "I Want a Girl" or "Wah-Hoo." Dr. King, chairman of the public affairs committee, reports an almost complete lack of enthusiasm for the proposal to erect benches along Main Street for farmers' families to sit on when they get tired Saturday nights. There's a good deal of joking about that proposition and no action is taken.
The members of the Kiwanis joke today about the benches on the streets but there are times when they do not joke, times when they work seriously, along with the city council and the News-Sentinel, to try to persuade some outside industry to locate in Rochester. There doesn't seem to be any reason why a factory shouldn't do well here. Rents are low, and so are wages --- you can hire a day laborer for $1 or $1.50 a day, and skilled labor doesn't run over $3 or $4. There is good transportation. Although the Erie ticket agent, Ed Sparks, checks out only two passenger trains a day, and the Nickel Plate operates none, there is freight service on both railroads, and the highways run in every direction.
It just never seems to have been a lucky place for industries. Plenty have tried and failed, the soap factoy, brewery, ladder company, nipple works, the bridge company, and a dozen more. The biggest businesses in town now (both of them extensions of agriculture) are the Armour Creamery, which employs 100 men and does $1 million worth of business in a year, and the canning factory, which packs $250,000 worth of peas and corn in the summer. The only outside money comes from the lake trade in summer and the circus in winter.
The circus has brought in a new winter population of lions and tigers and white horses and 150 people, including the owners Zach Terrell and Jesse Adkins and Clyde Beatty himself. The Kiwanians feel that the circus has put Rochester on the map. They felt it so strongly that they all went up to Chicago for the opening last spring and they welcome the owners and principal performers into their city. But the circus isn't exactly an industry and
everyone would like to see a nice big factory go up on the edge of town.
The Kiwanians do not forget that the lack of industry is, in a way, a blessing. There are almost no foreigners in town except good people like the Ninios brothers who run the Berghoff Cafe, where the circus people go. There is no labor trouble, there are no unions (except a barbers' union), no agitators, and no Communists. The Ku Klux Klan, when it was flourishing a dozen years ago, never had much to fight against, and the Legion doesn't have to worry about Americanism and patriotism. And certainly business is good now, filling stations and garages raking in money, cars selling at the rate of one a day, and farm machinery selling as well as it did in 1929. Chain grocers do about $75,000 worth of business a year, independents about $40,000, drugstores and shoe stores about $35,000. There's nothing the matter with business.
But how about the property tax of $3.85 per $100 assessed value? A dollar goes to the city, the rest to state and county. It's a high tax --- higher than usual --- because of the 88-cent poor-relief tax. On the surface it seems as if most people had gone back to work, but the fact is there are still a lot of men unemployed, 236 heads of families, more than a fifth of the total number. You don't think about them as much as you did three or four years ago because they're almost all on federal rolls. There are 140 men getting $40 a month from WPA for working at the fish hatchery and decorating the courthouse, 25 men blacktopping the state roads for PWA, and only 71 families left on local relief --- getting a weekly average of $1.75 in food orders from the County Poor Relief office. Go over some day to WPA headquarters, the brick mansion where Dr. Robbins used to live, where the K. K. K. had its headquarters, and you'll see them coming in for clothes, sitting, waiting in chairs --- still stamped K. K. K. --- in the high-ceilinged, gilt-corniced rooms.
A lot of these unemployed men used to work for the bridge company before it folded up, and a lot of the old ones have been pushed out of jobs by the young fellows who, 10 years ago, would have gone up to South Bend to work in the Studebaker factory, or to Detroit or Chicago. Maybe the new security thing, the old-age pensions, will fix some of them up, but the commissioners aren't straightened out yet on how that's going to work. And taxes aren't going down in a hurry.
1936 ROCHESTER STATISTICS
3,518 population, 34 foreign born, 211 of foreign parentage, 1 Negro, 1,090 families, 3.2 average family size (U. S. average 3.5), 236 unemployed, 944 total dependents.
1,500 church members; 50 births, 44 deaths, 224 marriages, 32 divorces in 1935; 1,010 telephone subscribers; 1,103 newspaper subscribers; estimated 1,000 radio owners; 1,200 car owners; 625 home owners; 460 renters; $2,500 average home value; $17 average monthly rental; $3.85 per $100 tax rate.
9 churches, 88 clubs and lodges, 1 hospital, 9 doctors, 3 undertakers.
$1,466,000 yearly net sales all stores; $225,000 yearly payroll; $1,420,000 total bank deposits.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 20, 2001]

PHOTOGRAPHS AND ORIGINAL ART ENHANCE FORTUNE'S ARTICLE
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Fortune Magazine's 18-page article about Rochester was published in its August, 1936, issue and some quite likely still are in the possession of local families. There is a copy at the Fulton County Public Library and also at the Fulton County Historical Society if you wish to examine one.
Surprisingly, original copies also still can be obtained, for about $50 each, from Million Magazines at Tucson, AZ, 1-800-877-9887.
The story is lavishly illustrated. Four of Maitland de Gogorza's original water color paintings appear: his impressions of the railroad crossing by the circus quarters, Main Street on Saturday night, tree-shaded South Main Street, the Baptist Church and two Victorian homes.
There are 31 of Norman Taylor's black-and-white photographs depicting city scenes and personalities. The latter include my grandmother, Minnie Hawkins, proprietor of Hawkins Cafe where the Fortune crew took many of its meals.
Today is the eighth and next-to-last installment of the article. It features the city's feminine side and what writer Catherine Hamill determined was the community's cultural influences. FYI: Con Ahlstrom's Modernistic beauty salon was on the south side of the Courthouse square, and, the Euterpean Club was a musical society.

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While the men run their businesses and discuss the affairs of the town, the women are just as busy in their ways. The housewives have cleaned up the dishes after breakfast, made the beds, swept the floors, dusted the glass doors of the bookcases and the bronze leopards on top of the radios. They are ready to get into their cars and go downtown to the stores. They order their groceries at Morris's or Cloud's, go into Wiles to match a piece of silk, to Ross's for new packs of cards and score pads, and around the square to the black and chromium Modernistic Beauty Shop to see if Con can give them a shampoo and wave (50 cents on the first three days of the week --- 75 cents after that) before it's time to go out for lunch.
The women of the best families belong to small social and bridge clubs, the Sandwich Club, the Monday Club, a dozen others. This noon the hostess of one of the clubs has planned a surprise for the other three members and at 12 o'clock, dressed in snug-fitting silk ensemble, tilted hat, matching pumps and purse and gloves, she drives up to her friends' houses, toots the horn, whisks them off in her deep upholstered sedan 20 miles to Logansport or Lake Maxinkuckee for lunch at a country club and an afternoon of cards.
During the afternoon many of the women will be playing contract, settling down in groups of four for an afternoon of serious bridge, playing for a hundredth of a cent a point, stopping along about four o'clock for a cup of coffee or a cool drink, going on with the game until suppertime. Or they may be at a meeting of the D. A. R. or the Woman's Club or the Parent-Teachers Association or the Tri Kappa Sorority or any one of the study clubs. The ladies will gather in the home of one of the members, Mrs. Henry Barnhart's if it is the Woman's Club, Mrs. George Dawson if it is the D. A. R., listen to the minutes and the committee reports, sit back in their chairs and hear a paper on "Legends of History," or "What Price Liberty?", or a review of a current best seller.
The Shakespeare Club and the Euterpean Club are no longer in existence, but book reviews at the club meetings and an occasional musical program given by the high school quartet or a soloist from out of town keep up the interest in music and books. The Woman's Club used to devote a whole year to the study of one subject, Japan one year, Germany another, Russia, art, Indiana; and the members have always been active in the cultural life of the town. It was the Woman's Club, under Mrs. Henry Barnhart's leadership, that got the Carnegie Foundation to put up money for the establishment of the public library. The members of the club still keep pretty close track of what goes on at the library, and they, or anyone else in town, may have an indecent book removed from the public shelves by registering a complaint with Mrs. Mason, the librarian.
These censored books, which still may be read by inquiring adults, include: Sinclair Lewis's "Elmer Gantry," Remarque's "All Quiet on the Western Front," Hamsun's "Growth of the Soil," "The Scientific Dream Book," "Art in France," Margaret Sanger's "Happiness in Marriage," and Julia Petekin's "Bright Skin." But there aren't many requests for them. The books most often stamped and passed out over the counter are western and detective stories, with Zane Grey leading the rest.There is a steady demand for standard works: Dickens, Dumas, Shakespeare, Churchill, Wells, Kipling, Jane Austen; and the movies last year started a run on "David Copperfield" and "Anna Karenina." There is a copy of "War and Peace" on the shelves, no Hemingway, no Faulkner, no Caldwell, no Virginia Woolf. Thomas Wolfe is there, uncensored but seldom read.
The book review at the club this afternoon may be on the biography of Van Gogh, "Lust for Life," on Margaret Ayer Barnes's "Edna, His Wife," or on Bess Streeter Aldrich's "Spring Came on Forever." The ladies listen attentively; they all are interested in the book and some of them will read it. The talk drifts from books to education, to the high school graduation and how nice the boys and girls looked in their caps and gowns standing in line in the gym to get their diplomas from Professor Whitmer. In another year Professor Whitmer will retire after 30 years as superintendent of the two grade schools and the joint high school. He is a good man, working right along with the Ministerial Association, keeping the academic standing of the Rochester schools high in the Indiana ranks.
Several of the women at the club meeting were teachers before they were married and it is still hard for them to realize that nothing serious will happen if they are heard talking openly about the theory of evolution or seen smoking a cigarette in public. Most of the ladies agree that it's a good thing to have strict rules for the teachers, although there doesn't seem to
be any harm in grown women smoking or taking an occasional cocktail. Times have changed a lot, and it's only the country people and some of the older women who are shocked by these things.
Back from their afternoon at Logan or Peru, home from the club meeting, the society women eat a sandwich or a salad, change into evening chiffon or lace, and start off for a dessert supper in one of the big homes on South Main. Fifteen women have been invited, with due regard for past invitations and invitations to come, and at 7 o'clock they drive up in groups of three or four to the hostess's door. Each one is given a card bearing the number of her table and seat --- four at each of four card tables covered with a lace cloth, set with silver and lace napkins, decorated with flowers and nut cups. The hostess and a girl in for the evening serve ice cream and cake and salted almonds and coffee.
When the dessert has been eaten, the lace cloths are removed and the play begins. This is progressive bridge, relaxed and conversational. There are three mysteriously wrapped prizes and the holder of the high score takes first choice. From week to week the prizes are apt to be the same --- a pair of stockings, two packs of cards, a bath towel --- so the seasoned winner learns to pick her choice by size and feel. There is, too, a guest prize for the out-of-town visitor.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 27, 2001]

FORTUNE'S CONCLUSION IS GENEROUS TO ROCHESTER
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
While the women gather at dessert suppers, the men are at home reading the papers or at the Rochester Bowling Alley, or at the Masonic Temple over the First National Bank, playing bridge or billiards, smoking, talking about basketball, golf, fishing, politics and business. There are many lodges in town, the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Moose, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, but the rooms of the Masons come closest to being a social gathering place. Here the merchants can meet and talk and play, and the same friendly town-boosting spirit prevails that is so evident at the Wednesday luncheon meetings of the Kiwanis Club.
They are not boosters in the loud Babbitt sense of the word. They may even complain --- about taxes and the cost of municipal heat as supplied by the Northern Indiana Power Co., and the hardness of the water pumped from the city wells, and the lack of industry. But deep underneath is a real love of their town and the country that surrounds it, the winding Tippecanoe River with its border of elms and sycamores, the river road where cars are parked on a summer night, and the rolling wooded hills beyond. They are conscious of their surroundings and their land and their history and their families and their neighbors as no city dweller can be. Almost unconsciously conscious.
They do not realize these things by the reasoning effort of thought, but by
close, inevitable proximity and association.
They have lived here in Rochester all their lives and even those who would like a chance to get away (and many of them would) never miss a chance to point out the beauty of the trees along the streets, the size of the Methodist Church, the evergreens in the old cemetery, the hospital, the high school, the 65,000 ducks at the Armour farm, and the oil painting of the woodland scene in the library.
They like to joke about Shelton's dray horse, Billy, the only horse in town, and to say that "Rochester is a one-horse town." They are used to being called hicks and Hoosiers and Main Streeters and they don't care. If anybody wants to laugh at them, let him laugh. They are proud to live in Indiana, proud to live in Fulton County, proud to live on the quiet, shaded streets of Rochester.

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Thus ends the final installment of Fortune Magazine's 9,000-word article that has immortalized Rochester as the typical Midwestern small town of mid-Depression 1936, a time when the outside world had not yet intruded on American life.
Its conclusion is, on the whole, generous to Rochester's citizens and to their lifestyle even if there is a hint that some disaffection exists. If you have followed these installments, you now can make your own evaluation of the article.
Did it condescend? At times, perhaps. I once thought its tone was supremely patronizing but now I am inclined to a more tolerant judgment. Certainly the article is a relic as from a time capsule and one must remember how different Rochester life is today than it was 65 years ago. The city population has doubled and there are diverse industries, a prosperous economy based on a dollar inflated 12 times its 1936 value, a much more sophisticated citizenry enjoying consumer comforts undreamed of in 1936.
One also must be reminded that Fortune's reporter was dispatched to Rochester to examine an American small town warts and all, not to glamorize it. Given this directive, it is not surprising that the narrative at times may veer to the supercilious. I found it curious that the effects of the Depression were only touched upon, nor were any conversations with the city's working people reported. It is possible, of course, that these topics were among that half of the submittted manuscript cut by editors for space requirements.
Even if the writer did sniff at some local customs and mention some others not usually discussed, it seems to me that the account of that innocent, somnolent time in our history is one of admiration, however reluctant, for the small-town lifestyle.
That also was the conclusion of a metropolitan journalist from the Indianapolis Times, who considered the article truthful to portraying the rewards of small-town living and who offered further testimony to the matter:
"I know an insurance man in a small town who makes a good living for his family and has time to go fishing now and then, take a trip to a metropolis occasionally, have luncheon with his family daily and generally lives a leisurely life the year around. I know a banker who has plenty of time to get around and have hearty conversations with people he likes, who never has eaten his luncheon in 15 minutes, who knows only by foreign experience the curtness of people big corporations hire."
That still can stand as an accurate explanation for why we live here today.
[The Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 3, 2001]

FOSTER, ANN W. [Macy, Allen Township, Miami County]
BIOGRAPHY
Mrs. Ann W. Foster, of Macy, was the daughter of Jesse and Betsy (Hurst) Hays and was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, June 27, 1821. Her parents were natives of Maryland and Delaware, respectively. She grew to womanhood in her native County where, on the 29th day of October, 1846, she was married to John W. Hurst, a native of Ross County, Ohio, born December 27, 1818. He was the son of William and Sarah (Alkire) Hurst. In 1846 she came with her husband to this County and located upon a farm near Chili, in Richland Township. A few months later they removed to a farm in Allen Township, where her husband died, January 26, 1854, leaving to her care four children: Jesse H., Joseph W., Ira B., and Levi J., the first two of whom are deceased. In March, 1854, she in company with her children, returned to the home of her father in Ohio. While there she was married on the 11th day of December, 1856, to Abraham F. Gephart, who died July 26, 1857. That marriage resulted in the birth of one child, Abraham F., a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. In the spring of 1864, our subject again came to this county and located upon the farm she had formerly occupied in Allen Township. On the 30th day of January, 1872 her marriage with William Tanquary occurred. With him she located upon a farm near Xenia, this county. There Mr. Tanquarry's death occurred on the 27th of May following their marriage. Our subjec tcontinued to rside near Xenia until August 5, 1873 at which time she was married to James Foster. She accompanied him to Moultrie County, Illinois, where the hand of death again made her a widow, December 23, 1877. In February 1886, she once more returned to this county and this time located at Macy where she now resides in a quiet happy way. She has been a member of the M.E. Church since August 1838.
[History of Miami County, Indiana, 1887, Brant & Fuller. pp. 518-519]

FOSTER, JOHN [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW FACTORY
John Foster, of this city, has opened an establishment at the Abel Bowers residence on S. Fulton Ave., for the manufacture of aprons and childrens clothing, which he expects to sell for the time being at least right here in this community.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 11, 1921]

FOSTER & GOOD FUNERAL HOME [Rochester, Indiana]
Located 128 W 6th.
__________

Owned by Ora A. Foster, who died in 1951, and Junior Dell Good.
In 1977 the firm provided Emergency Medical Technicians and ambulance service.
Junior was Fulton County coroner 1972-80, and Joyce [his wife] was elected coroner to serve 1981-84.
[Burkett Genealogy, Janet Rae Urbin Burkett, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FOSTER FUNERAL HOME [Rochester, Indiana]
Located 128 W 6th.
Owned and operated by Ora A. Foster.
Later became Foster & Good Funeral Home.
__________

ORA FOSTER PURCHASES UNDERTAKING BUSINESS
Announcement was made today of the sale of the undertaking department of the recent Hoover Furniture Store to Ora Foster. The terms were agreed upon late Monday afternoon and Mr. Foster takes control at once it was stated.
According to the agreement, Mr. Foster purchased the entire equipment of the undertaking department and will occupy the chapel on West Sixth Street. As an added feature he will have the use of the Hoover home next door for use in funerals, this fine old mansion making an excellent place for such.
Mr. Foster has been mortician for the Hoover organization for a number of years, is well known to the people of the community and will not come as a stranger to the business. He will have his office and place of business in the chapel and will operate under his own name.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, April 24, 1928]

PURCHASES LUCKENBILL UNDERTAKING BUSINESS
Ora Foster, of the Foster funeral home, this city, today announces he has purchased the undertaking business and chapel from the heirs of the late Lorenzo Luckenbill, of Leiters Ford.
In an interview with Mr. Foster, he stated the facilities and services together with the chapel would still be maintained at Leiters Ford. The local undertaker and the late Mr. Luckenbill exchanged services for over a period of 20 years and Mr. Foster is well acquainted throughout Aubbeenaubbee township.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, December 21, 1943]

FOUNDRY [Rochester, ]
Ross Bros. Foundry & Machine Shop.
Located S side of E 8th Street and E side of the railroad.

FOUNDRY [Rochester, Indiana]
Located NE corner of Madison and Fifth Street, on Lot #50 in New Plat.

FOUR BROTHERS GROCERY STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Located NW corner 9th & Main.
Also see Three Brothers Grocery Store
Operated by McMahan brothers, who also operated hardware stores in Fulton (about 1910), Twelve Mile, and North Manchester.
But this was only the beginning. They later owned a dozen or more other businesses.
[McMahan Family, Rebecca Boswell Smith, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, Willard.
__________

TWO GROCERIES SOLD
Two business changes were effected in Rochester today, whereby two groceries changed hands the Messrs Ott, Hugh, Tom and Bill McMahan buying the business recently owned by the Three Brothers, and Robert S. Lowry buying the Shannon Mackey stock and business.
For the past few months it has been reported that the McMahan brothers would again engage in business here and it was at one time their intention to open another store here, but Mr. Lou Lough, who bought the store founded by the McMahan Brothers, of Otto Caple was not pleased with that line of business and decided to return to his farm near Leiters, and for that reason sold the store. The Three Brothers will add another member to the firm -- their brother Hugh -- and it will be known in the future as the Four Brothers.
The intention of the new firm is to at first give a sale to reduce the stock of groceries, and dispose with the entire stock of meats on hand, and will then add lines of dry goods, notions, and shoes, which they have bought. The McMahan boys were very successful in their first business venture and built up a very large trade.
Mr. Lowry who purchased the Mackey grocery will turn it over to his son, Robert who will manage it in the future. Mr. Mackey had a very good business and his trade was the largest in that section of Rochester. Mr. Lowry will take possession Wednesday morning. Mr. Mackey will retire from business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 27, 1906]

STORE SOLD
It was somewhat of a surprise when it became known that George H. Wallace had bought out the 4 Brothers general merchandise store. The transaction was closed within an hour, and the McMahan boys had no thought of selling out before. Mr. Wallace made them a good offer and it was taken up at once. The store is closed while they invoice. Mr. Wallace will conduct a sale to reduce the stock, and then will move the rest of the goods to his big store north of the court house.
Tom McMahan will move to Peru, where he will take a position on the electric car line. Hugh McMahan, who is teaching school in Delong at present, will move on a farm in the summer. Ott and William, the other two members of the firm, have not yet decided what they will do.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 13, 1907]

FOUR COUNTY DITCH [Fulton County]
See Gault Ditch

FOUR-MINUTE MEN [Fulton County]
MATTICE IS ORGANIZING COUNTY'S FOUR-MINUTE MEN
F. J. Mattice has been officially notified of his appointment as chairman of the four-minute men in Fulton county. He takes the place of Enoch Myers, who resigned. Mr. Mattice is proceeding at once to organize so that his speakers may take part in the present Liberty Loan drive and following out instructions, will place a speaker in every motion picture theatre, two evenings each week.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 15, 1918]

FOUR-MINUTE MEN ARE NAMED
Chairman F. J. Mattice has announced the appointment of the following Four-Minute Men for Fulton County: Geo. W. Holman, C. C. Campbell, Enoch Myers, Charles E. Emmons, Arthur Metzler, Dean L. Barnhart, Selden J. Brown, R. R. Carr, of Akron, and E. B. DeVault of Kewanna.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 16, 1918]

FOURTH OF JULY [Fulton County]
An impromptu Celebration of the Fourth . . . They entered the square, formed in solid phalanx in front of the speaker's stand, with colors flying and music playing.
After a salute from the artillery the citizens organized by appointing James Marsden, Esq., President. A. H. Robbins and D. W. Lyon were appointed Vice Presidents, and A. H. McDonald and C. K. Shryock, Secretaries.
Rev. F. Taylor opened the exercises with an eloquent prayer . . . J. J. Davis, Esq., then read the Declaration of Independence. After which K. G. Shryock, Esq., was called upon to make a speech . . . He called to mind some interesting reminiscences of twenty years ago, when the first celebration of the kind was attempted in Fulton County. It was within a few rods of where he was now standing that the speaker, Ebenezer Ward, stood on that day, twenty years ago . . .
W. W. Shuler, Esq., next addrssed the assembly . . . J. J. Davis, Esq. next came forward . . . . He was followed by Judge C. D. Hathaway, of Winamac . . . I. Walker, Esq, made some eloquent remarks . . . Rev. F. Taylor was then called upon for a song . . .
The following were then offered . . . by K. G. Shryock, A. J. Holmes, A. H. McDonald, J. J. Davis, H. W. Mann, I. Walker, C. K. Shryock. . . In the evening a goodly number assembled in Wallace's Hall, and finished up the festivities of the day with an old fashioned dance . . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 9, 1859]

The citizens of Fulton County are requested to meet at the Court House next Saturday at 7 o'clock p.m., to make arrangements for a proper Celebration of the approaching anniversary of our National Independence. A. J. Holmes, C. J. Stradley, I.. Walker, C. E. Fuller, G. P. Beeber, K. G. Shryock, H. W. Mann, A. H. Robbins, C. L. White, E. Rose, W. A. Horton, E. N. Banks, N. L. Lord, C. B. Mock, Wallace True, J. H. Beeber, L. J. Brown, Rochester, June 20, 1861.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, June 20, 1861]

Proceedings of Fourth of July Meeting. Pursuant to a call published in the county papers, a number of citizens met at the Court House, Saturday evening, June 22, and organized by choosing L. J. Brown Chairman, and A. J. Holmes Secretary.
On motion it was agreed to have an old fashioned picnic celebration at the Fair Ground, on the 4th proximo.
The following committees were appointed:
To secure a speaker -- A. J. Holmes, C. B. Mock and Vernon Gould.
To request the business men of Rochester to close their places of business -- D. W. Lyon and T. F. Rannells.
On arrangements and programme -- H. W. Mann, C. E. Fuller, M. L. Miner, M. Storm, C. J. Stradley L. J. Brown and A. J. Holmes.
To receive and convey provisions to the Fair Ground -- James A. Smith, R. R. Smith and J. J. Smith.
The Methodist Church was fixed upon as the provision depot . . .
-- Take Notice! We the undersigned, business men of Rochester, being patriotically inclined, and to show our love for our National Birthday, do hereby agree to close our business houses and keep them closed and do no business during the fourth day of July next: A. K. Plank, John Hosack, D. W. Lyon & Co., Samuel Hoch, Rannells & McMahan, J. J. Smith, E. Long & Son, Samuel Heffley, J. Shields, John Kewney, Nelson True, A. E. Taylor, J. Hoppe & Co., Taylor & Mitchell, Aaron Renbarger, Charles Becker, Hoover & Yost, M. Danziger Stradley & Elam, A. Wormser Frederick Fromm, S. Wagoner, I. W. Holeman, Geo. O. Harlen & Co., M. Storm, L. Wilkinson, D. S. Gould & Co., Geo. W. Truslow, G. Holzman, M. M. Rex, Falls & Phelps, Levi Mercer, Rose & Carpenter, Mrs. B. Lawhead, Christ Kamerer, Mrs. L. E. Shryock, John Steffey.
--Meeting of Committee of Arrangements . . . met on Monday evening at the office of A. J. Holmes and chose H. W. Mann Chairman and C. E. Fuller Secretary.
Whereupon the following programme was unanimously agreed upon and the following committees appointed:
Officers of the Day: President, William Mackey. Vice Presidents, J. C Dille, Thos. W. Barnett, Robert Aitkin, Thomas Deckard, James Dawson, Morris Blodgett, John Leiter. Reader, Joseph J. Davis. Chaplain Rev. C. B. Mock. Marshal, A. J. Holmes. 1st Assistant, M. L. Miner, 2d, David Mow, 3d, P. F. G. Kelsey, 4th, J. P. Collins.
Committees: On Vocal Music, Charles J. Stradley, D. W. Lyon, M. M. Rex.
On Martial and Instrumental Music, M. L. Miner, Isaac True, James A. Smith.
On Toasts, I. Walker, S. Keith, C. E. Fuller.
On Representation by Ladies, Milo R. Smith, Aaron Renbarger J. H. Beeber.
On Ordnance, Lewis Bailey, Jonas Myers, James Barrett.
On Stand and seats, G. P. Beeber, E. J. Granger, E. Sturgeon, John Q. Oliver, Daniel Van Trump, Lafayette True.
Programme. ----
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, June 27, 1861]

Fourth of July . . . citizens met at the Court House, on Monday evening, to make arrangements . . . Meeting organized by appointing Milo R. Smith, Esq., Chairman, and C. E. Fuller, Secretary . . . Committee of Arrangements: C. E. Fuller, J. J. Davis, J. M. Maxwell, N. G. Shaffer and D. W. Lyon. Committee to procure Speaker: A. J. Holmes, J. B. DeMotte and C. E. Fuller. Committee on Music: A. J. Holmes, Wm. Osgood, C. J. Stradley and Isaac True. Committee on Sentiments: E. L. Bennett, N L. Lord, N. G. Shaffer and I. Walker. Committee on Grounds: A J. Holmes. Committee on Finance: M. R. Smith. On Motion, Messrs. T. F. Rannells and D. W. Lyon were requested to wait upon the business men, and request them not to open their place of business on that day until 3 o'clock p.m. . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 12, 1862]

Grand 4th of July Celebration . . . Officers of the Day: President, William Mackey, Vice Presidents: Wm. McMahan, of Rochester, Jacob Whittenberger, of Henry, Robt. Meredith, of Newcastle, A. C. Hickman, of Richland, James Hay, of Aubbeenaubbee, John Wallace, Sr., of Union, Jacob Smith, of Wayne, and Andrew Oliver, of Liberty. Marshal, A. J. Holmes. Reader, George W. Truslow. Chaplain, Rev. J. M. Maxwell. Committees: Color Bearers, Andrew Strong and William Oliver. Bell Ringers, For Court House Bell, Wesley Shryock, Jacob Stahl and Joseph Beeber; For Presbyterian Church Bell, C. Hoover and S. Heffley; For M. E. Church Bell, L. M. Spotts, John W. Elam and T. P. Reid; for Fire Bell, Jonas Myers and John H. Hoober. Gunners, Lewis Bailey, Reuben Tally and J. J. Smith. Music, Isaac True, Wm. Osgood, C. J. Stradley and A. J. Holmes. Provisions, J. B. DeMotte, D. W. Shryock and R. R. Smioth. Finance, Milo R. Smith . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 19, 1862]

Grand Celebration of the 4th of July! . . . at the court House Square, in Rochester . . . Officers of the Day, Young Ralstin, President. Vice Presidents, R. Beattie, Wayne Township, J. R. Dales Aubbeenaubbee, Thos. Wilson, Union, R. Aitken, Liberty, John Pence, Rochester, Wm. Dudgeon, Richland, A. C. Hall, Henry, P. C. Dumbauld, Newcastle. Marshals, R. R. Glick, Marshal, B. M. Elliot, Asst. Marshal, J. A. Smith, Asst. Marshal. Reader, William Spangler. Marshal [sic] Music, Isaac True. Vocal music, D. S. Gould, Miss Ruie Stradley, F. B. Ernsperger, Mattie Trimble. Com on Provisions, M. R. Smith, L. Mercer, D. Agnew. Programme. Ringing of bells at four o'clock in the morning. Firing National Salute - 36 guns. Marshaling the crowd at the Court House Square at 10 o'clock. Opening Prayer. Vocal music (America). Reading Declaration of Independence. Vocal music (Hail Columbia). Oration. Vocal music (Star Spangled Banner). Marshal [sic] music.
A bounteous dinner will be served for all, in picnic style, after which called speeches, vocal and marshal [sic] music, &c will be pleasantly interspersed.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 29, 1865]

FOX FARM [Fulton County]
SECOND SILVER FOX FARM IS STARTED IN COUNTY
Christopher McGreer, a farmer who resides six miles southeast of Rochester on what is known as the Homer TIPTON farm, has started a silver fox farm. Mr. McGreer received a "vixon" and a "dog" from the Grand Rapids, Michigan kennels, valued at $1500.00. Two special pens have been erected on the farm one for the animals daytime running and the other of special guarded enclosure for safe-keeping against theft at night.
This is the second fox farm to be established in Fulton county, Nerr KINDER, who resides in Henry township is also raising silver foxes for the market. The skins of the animals are said to be worth from $800 to $1500 when in prime condition.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, January 11, 1927]

SILVER FOX FARM MAY SOON BE STARTED HERE
W. J. Amos, a representative of the Richmond Silver Fox Co., of Lake Odessa, Michigan, will come to Rochester with the intention of establishing a ranch here. Mr. Amos says that the climate of this state is the most ideal in the world for the production of these very valuable little animals.
Mr. Amos has been a very celebrated athlete - having been in three Olympics. Several years ago he was a world champion distance runner and skater. During the war he was a government physical instructor in the U. S. Army. Dennis Miller formerly of Rochester will be working with Mr. Amos.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, June 24, 1927]

FOX FARM NEAR AKRON IS LARGEST IN STATE
It has been announced this week that Akron will have what will probably be one of the largest Silver Fox Farms in the State. The farm is located one mile north of Akron on the new concrete road on the farm known as the Yeagley farm which has recently been purchased by Ner Kinder.
From information received nothing is being left undone to make the ranch one of the most modern and best equipped possible. A caretaker is being employed who comes from Prince Edward Island, Canada, and has had eighteen years experience in raising and handling Silver Foxes.
Between fifty and sixty pens are being built 10 feet wide and 40 feet long. These pens are built of steel posts, covered with a galvanized netting over the top and sides and then either buried in the ground 2 feet or the entire floor carpeted with netting; and in addition there will be twenty pens 12 feet square built of wood frame construction covered with netting on all four sides of a portable type, that can be carried or moved any place on the ranch.
Then around the pens there will be built a guard fence nine feet high. All steel posts are being used for this fence, also. The fence is one of the unclimbable type and tight enough not to allow a fox to escape that might get out of his pen.
The foxes coming to the Kinder ranch are all eastern standard type or Prince Edward Island strain, Pedigreed and registered stock. The ranch will have some fine animals which will be delivered here the first of October. The foxes brought to Akron will be owned by individual people and not a company. Some of the people interested are from Rochester, Plymouth, Mentone, Logansport and South Bend.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, June 25, 1927]

DWIGHT GREEN TO START FOX RANCH SEPTEMBER 1
Dwight Green has purchased the Rannells property at the foot of West Seventh street of Judge R. R. Carr. He will take possession immediately and about September 1 will start a fox ranch. Mr. Green has purchased two pair of Alaskan Blue Fox of the Polar Fox Company of Washington, Minn. The fox are of registered stock and all four are natives of Alaska. Mr. Green's fox ranch is the fourth one to be started in this county. The other fox raisers however, are specializing in Silver Fox.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, August 15, 1927]

BUYS BLACK FOXES
Dwight Green, of this city, early this week received four black fox puppies from a St. Paul, Minn. fox farm. Mr. Green intends to go into the fur-producing business and is starting with the highest grade of Alaskan Black Foxes. The animals when full grown are said to be worth several hundred dollars.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, September 2, 1927]

FOX FARM NEAR AKRON INTERESTING PLACE TO VISIT
IDEAL PLACE FOR FUR BEARING ANIMALS
Akron now boasts of a new and permanent attraction - a Fox Farm, located one and one-fourth miles northeast on the new cement road. The site is known as the old Yeagley farm. It was purchased by Ner Kinder and Frank Haldeman of Akron, and Dr. Anderson of Mentone.
The house, which is located on a hill, has been remodeled and a lookou added to the second story from which the observer can see every pen, and an outside stairway, which adds much to the convenience. A new supply house has been built and equipped with everything necessary for the keeping and preparing of food for the foxes.
To the east of these houses are fifty pens each of which is forty feet long and ten feet wide, completely enclosed by a heavy wire netting about six feet wide. A few inches under the ground is a layer of the same netting to prevent the foxes digging out.
These pens are in no way connected. They were systematically platted with an alley about four feet wide separating them. Around these pens is a high outer enclosure of heavy wire netting, the top of which projects in, with an inlay under the ground projecting inside about two feet. This is to prevent the foxes digging out in case they should escape from the inner pens. Each pen is the home of a pair of foxes, and is sufficiently large to permit plenty of exercise.
About the center of each pen is a house built three feet wide by three and a half feet long, by about three feet high, and about ten inches from the ground, the roof of which is hinged to afford ingress for the caretaker. The fox enters the house through a chute with an opening just large enough for the fox to enter. Inside of this house is a twenty-inch cubical nest box. The entrance to this box is so placed that no light can enter it.
It is the Company's intention to employ a landscape gardener to plant shrubbery which will add more to the attractivity of the place.
The Company is known was the Beaver Dam Silver Fox Co. The foxes are the Eastern Standard type, from Prince Edward's Island, Canada. There are ninety-five here now, forty-five of which are young.
Mr. Clay, the caretaker, is a man who knows foxes and gives much interesting information about them. He says the fur of the female is generally more silver than that of the male. The fur when perfect is two to two and one-half inches long, tipped about one-half inch with white. It does not shade from black to white, but there is a decided line of demarcation. The fur is best when the fox is about eight years old.
Horse flesh is the best flesh food for them, and each one is given six to seven ounces of meat per day. In the evening each one is given about one-fourth of an ordinary loaf of stale bread.
The foxes are mated according to color, and when mated are put into new pens. They mate about the first of February. About three weeks before the time for the puppies to be born, to give the mother more room, the male is separated from the female by a wire netting. The male is very attentive to his mate during this period and lays upon the top of the house much of the time. The caretaker knows when the puppies are born by the conduct of the male, who will not eat, but tries to carry food to his mate.
The puppies eyes come open when they are about a fortnight old. During all this time everything must be kept quiet. If the nest box is opened before their eyes are opened the mother will eat her babies. When they are three weeks old they are taken out and each baby given a pill to prevent worms, then put back in the nest box. The mother instinct keeps her in with her babies for six weeks, then she comes out bringing her family with her. The puppies from that time are fed corn meal mush, oatmeal mush with milk and eggs. The mother fox, like most mothers, will give up all of her food all summer to her babies if they are hungry.
When the puppies are five or six months old they are tattooed in each ear, each one an individual mark. The registered trade mark for this Company is B.D. The mark tattooed in the right ear is A-B.D. The A indicates the year 1927, the B.D., the name Beaver Dam. In the left ear is A followed by a number 1 which indicates this is fox No. 1 for the 1927 litter, the next one will be A-2, etc., until all are numbered. The initial letter for the year 1928 will be B.
During the warmer parts of the year the foxes are infested with fleas, during which time their nests are dusted with sulphur, then powder, and lime.
The foxes are most beautiful during the winter months when the fur is thickest and most fluffy.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, October 11, 1927]

The Beaver Dam Silver Fox Farm north of Akron, owned by Ner Kinder, is now open for inspection by the public after being closed to visitors for the past three months or during the mating season of the foxes.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, June 3, 1929]

SILVER FOX FARM
A new silver fox farm which has been going on for about a year just south of Argos will be open to the public for the first time on July 4. The 12-acre ranch is owned by Glen H. Stuart and he now has 31 pairs of foxes in the wooded grove. The first pelts were secured and sold last fall. Visitors may see the foxes at any time on Sundays and holidays.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 2, 1930]

FOX HUNT [Fulton County]
A fox drive north of town yesterday afternoon resulted in the capture of four red foxes and one gray one. The territory encircled was about five miles square.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 15, 1901]

FOY, EDNA [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Manitou Lodge

FOY'S AMERICAN CAFE [Rochester, Indiana]
[adv] Special Dinner and Lunch . . . Drop in any time and make use of our cafe. Our large force and efficient waiters are at your service. Foy's American Cafe, Bert Foy, Proprietor.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, January 25, 1926]

FOY'S CAFE SOLD TO FRED SHAFER - MR. FOY TO PERU

The Foy Cafe and Annex was sold Tuesday morning by Mr. and Mrs. Bert Foy to Mr. and Mrs. Fred Shafer. Mrs. Shafer who is a sister-in-law of Mr. Foy, has been employed at the cafe for the past two years and is well qualified to manage the concern. Mr. Shafer, who has been working in the oil fields near Tulsa, Oklahoma, will come to this city and help manage the business. Mr. Foy has purchased a half interest in the Jack Stern taxi line in Peru, and has already assumed management of the business. Mrs. Foy for the past six months has been in charge of the Bearss Hotel Cafe at Peru. Miss Laura Foy will continue her studies in the local high school from which school she will graduate in the spring.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 3, 1928]

[Adv] ANNOUNCEMENT of vital interest to those who value health. The Foy Cafe has just installed a complete FRIGIDAIRE SYSTEM of Refrigeration - - - - FOY'S CAFE.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, June 20, 1928]

FRAIN, DAN [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] You should buy a monument that will be a credit to you and an honor to those for whom it is erected. You can have a very creditable stone for a very reasonable cost, provided you call on DAN FRAIN MONUMENT WORKS, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 23, 1910]

TO CUT STONE BY MACHINERY
Daniel Frain, monument maker, is to install a great improvement in his business. Having considered for some time cutting stone by compressed air, he has decided to put in a machine this fall.
The machine complete will cost near $500, but Mr. Frain says that it will greatly increase his output, make the work easier and better. It will consist of the part in which the tools are placed, an air tank, a compresor, and an engine to run the compressor. Mr. Frain will run the compressor by an electric motor, instead of a gasoline engine.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 10, 1913]

FRAIN & HOFFMAN [Rochester, Indiana]
FRAIN & HOFFMAN
Rochester Marble Works
In connection with the trade in marble and granite tombstones and monuments, the house of the above named gentlemen must be mentioned as the most prominent and reliable in this section of the country.
The Rochester marble works was established in 1875 by Mr. FRAIN, who conducted the business alone until 1880, then taking as partner Mr. HOFFMAN, changing the firm name to that of FRAIN & HOFFMAN. These gentlemen keep constantly on hand a complete and well selected stock of monuments and tombstones and no house in northern Indiana can offer better inducements to trade and general public. Being fine, practical workmen, and close observers, Messrs. Frain & Hoffman have always kept pace with the times, and their work is equal to any produced in the county. The public is invited to call and judge for themselves. This house is conducted upon business principles, and the lowest possible prices are always charged, people need not go to other cities for fine work while equally as good can be obtained at home. Our home people can do as artistic work as foreigners, and these gentlemen are willing to compare their work to any brought to Rochester.
Besides understanding thoroughly the monumental business, Messrs. Frain & Hoffman are good sculptors, showing some very fine specimens of their handwork in this art. They are sole agents for the celebrated White Bronze work. This is something new in the line and should be seen to be appreciated. They also handle the famous Georgia Marble which stands today without a successful rival.
Since going into business together, these gentlemen have met with the best of success, and have established a trade which extends all over the surrounding section of the country. This is not to be wondered at however, when we remember that they turn out nothing but first class work, and at prices that are hard to duplicate. Messrs. Frain & Hoffman's motto is "fair dealing and value for value" and as their representations can always be relied upon we can see no reasons why they should not prosper in the future. They have by their honest policies gained the respect of the general public, and we cheerfully commend their house to the people as the most reliable in this section. Their place of business is on Main street opposite Commercial Block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 29, 1888]

FRALEY, FRANK O., REV. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Churches - Methodist Church [Rochester, Indiana]

FRALEY, WM., REV. [Rochester, Indiana
See: Churches - Methodist Church [Rochester, Indiana]

FRANCES SHOP, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
See "The Vogue Shop"
[Adv] Grand opening of The Frances Shop in Rochester on Friday, February 22 - - - - Eugene Gross, Manager. Two doors south of the Post Office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 15, 1918]

TO RENAME THE FRANCES SHOP
Ignorance of the fact that the Frances Shop, of South Bend, is incorporated is claimed by Herman Gross, also of South Bend, in explaining the fact that he has given the new Rochester store the same appellation as that of a similar institution in South Bend.
A representative of Herman Gross Tuesday disclaimed any intention to steal the South Bend store's reputation, expressed his regret that the impression had been given that Rochester store was a branch of the South Bend Frances Shop, and stated that the store here would be renamed at once, altho the new title has not been decided upon. Norman Gross is the owner of the local business and is also connected with Gross and Gross of South Bend, whose store was referred to in the local announcement.
Eugene Gross, a brother, who is the local manager, was in Chicago Tuesday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 26, 1918]

[Adv] Many Thanks! - - - - The Gross Ready-to-Wear Shop.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 27, 1918]

FRANCIS, L. E. & Co. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] REDUCTION in Stocks of Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots, Shoes, Queensware, Glass and Stoneware. We desire to notify the citizens of Rochester and vicinity that we have decided to remove our general stock of Goods, and in order to reduce the same we will sell at cost for the next twenty days. You can save money by purchasing your goods of us. Call early and have first choice. L. E. FRANCIS & CO., Rochester, Ind. July 30th.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 5, 1885]

FRANK'S LUNCH ROOM
See: Kindig, Eva Severns

FRED, CHRISTOPHER H. [Liberty Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Christopher H. Fred, a prominent farmer of Fulton, was born in Belmont county, Ohio, May 17, 1856, the son of Joshua and Sarah Jane (Hoover) Fred, both natives of Belmont county. John Fred, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Maryland but at an early date came to Ohio and was one of the settlers of Belmont County where he died. Christopher Hoover, the maternal grandfather of Christopher Fred, was a native of Pennsylvania and removed to Belmont County, Ohio, of which he was one of the first settlers. He was a prominent man in his community and kept a tavern on the National Road near Morristown, where he has accommodated as many as twenty-six six-horse teams in one night. In those troublesome times the militia was a much more important factor for the securitty of the home than it now is, and Christopher Hoover had the distinction of holding the rank in that organization. Joshua Fred was born in Belmont County, Ohio, and with the outbreak of the Civil War enlisted in Co. C, 60th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was taken prisoner and sent to Belle Isle where he had a sunstroke. He was accordingly sent to the hospital at Richmond, Virginia, and was then exchanged, being sent to Annapolis, Maryland. Being taken sick at Belle Isle, saved him from being sent to the notorious Andersonville prison where he had been ordered sent by his captors. After the conclusion of the war, he moved with his family to Illinois, changing trains en route at Logansport, Indiana, on April 6, 1869. The last part of the journey was made by team, and they located in Vermillion county, where at that time the best land in the county could be purchased for fifteen dollars per acre. He was a general farmer and merchant and lived for the remainder of his life in the state of his adoption, dying at Rossville, Illinois, while his wife made her demise while at the home of her son in Kewanna, Fulton county, Indiana. They had four children of whom all but the subject of this review are dead: Christopher, John, Anna Bell, Frank. Christopher H. Fred was educated in the public schools of Ohio and Illinois, and upon the completion of his studies, began working by the month on farms which he did from the time he was thirteen years old until he was twenty-two. At that time, he began the occupation of farming for himself in Illinois and continued this until 1895, at which time he removed to a farm near Kewanna in this county, remaining there and working the land for seven years. He then bought one hundred and twenty-two acres situated a mile and a half southwest of Fulton to which he later added another tract of sixty-eight acres. He made his residence on this farm until 1917, when, having built a beautiful home in the town of Fulton the previous year, he moved to that town to live. He has been a general farmer, stock raiser, and feeder during his long agricultural career. In accordance with the modern idea of specialization in production, he began the breeding of Duroc Jersey hogs but later changed to the Spotted Poland-China hogs, a breed that he still raises. In February, 1882, he was married to Isabella Harris, of Vermillion county, Illinois, and the daughter of Henry and Nancy (Clark) Harris, the former being born in Philadelphia and the latter in Indiana. Henry Harris was the son of Jesse and Lydia (Werner) Harris, both of Philadelphia, and at an early date left home to go to Ohio where he remained for a short time and then moved to Vermillion county, Illinois. The trip with his parents to their new home was made by wagon. On arriving at their destination the parents wished to return because the country seemed unbearably desolate to their city bred eyes, but Henry Harris prevailed upon them to stay. On one occasion he drove cattle from Illinois to Philadelphia making the journey on horseback, and at another time he rode a horse to Chicago, he was offered forty acres of land on which Chicago now stands in exchange for the animal. He died in Vermillion county leaving six children: Prescott, Emma, Sarah, deceased; Isabella, Stanton, and Olive. Henry Harris married again and had six children: Salome, Lillie, Josephine, John, Minnie and Jesse. To Christopher Fred and his wife the following children have been born: Lola, Ruby, Nella, deceased; Claude, Edna, and Cecil. In fraternal circles, Mr. Fred is a popular member of the M. A. of A. at Kewanna. At Kewanna he became a member of the F. & A. M., but upon his removal to Fulton he became a charter member of the chapter of that organization in that town, in which he still retains his membership. He is an adherent to the tenets of the faith of the United Brethren religious denomination and takes an active interest in all of its affairs.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 192-195, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

FREEMAN HARNESS SHOP [Akron, Indiana]
AKRON HARNESS SHOP
I desire to inform the citizens of Akron, Henry township and surrounding country, that I have bought the Freeman Harness shop at Akron and have a full and complete stock of all goods in my line of trade. I have harness of every kind and will sell the same upon the most reasonable terms. Repairing done neatly, promptly and satisfactorily. Call and see me. WM. KRIEGHBAUM.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 1, 1884]

FREESE, ARTHUR [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW PLUMBER IN THIS CITY
Arthur Freese, who has been one of the right hand men of the Rochester Gas Company since the plant was opened in this city several years ago, has tendered his resignation, which will become effective March 15. Mr. Freese has decided to go into business for himself and has chosen the vocation of plumber as his special line. He will open a shop in the room with H. H. Ward on the south side of the public square within the next ten days and thereafter will give his full attention to the development of his business. Mr. Freese has engaged the services of a first class plumber in the person of James Darrah, who has had twenty-three years of practical experience and is capable of caring for all kinds of plumbing and steam fitting.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 2, 1912]

[Adv] Now Open and Ready for Business. EUREKA PLUMBING SHOP, A. C. Freese, Prop. - - - - 107 9th St - With H. H. Ward.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 28, 1912]

FREESE, GUY R. [Leiters Ford/Rochester, Indiana]
BUS STATION CAFE IS SOLD TO GUY E. FREESE
The Bus Station, Cafe and Hotel at the corner of Main and Sixth Streets, has been sold by Russell See who has owned this establishment for the past seven months, to Guy R. FREESE of Leiters Ford. The purchaser is an experienced restaurant man. He for many years operated a restaurant in Leiters Ford. Mr. Freese has repainted the cafe and has refitted all of the rooms in the hotel making the rooms modern in every respect. An entire new kitchen crew has been employed headed by Mrs. Ella BACON JOHNSON as chef. Mr. See has no immediate plans for the future.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, September 21, 1928]

FREEZER-FRESH DAIRY BAR [Akron, Indiana]
Located E edge of Akron, NE corner SR-114 & SR-14.
Built in 1967 by T. A. Jennens, then owned by his son and daughter-in-law, Albert Willis (Al) and Kathleen (Kate) Morris Jennens, who sold it to Mr. and Mrs. Cooksey, who operate the business under the name of Cooksey's Freezer-Fresh.
[Leininger-Krause Family, Charles Daniel Smith, Faye Leininger Smith, Kate Morris Jennens, and Violet Titterton, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FREIDGEN BOOTS & SHOES [Rochester, Indiana]
Great Excitement! What Is It? 'Tis how Freidgen can sell Boots and Shoes at his shop, on Main Street, opposite the Western House, commonly known as Chamberlain's Hotel . . . C. Friedgen, Rochester, March 1, 1860.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, March 8, 1860]

FRETZ ABSTRACT COMPANY, B. F. [Rochester, Indiana]
See Fretz & Shriver
See Davis & Fretz
__________

NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP
Notice is hereby given that the partnership heretofore existing between B. F. Fretz and E. E. Shriver, has been dissolved by mutual consent, Shriver retiring and Fretz continuing the busines of Abstracting, Law and Insurance. . . . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 29, 1924]

FRETZ & DUBOIS [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] FRETZ and DuBOIS, Loan Agents Farm Mortgages 5% Money to Loan. Square Deals and quick service. Your patronage respectfully solicited. Sentinel Block, Rochester, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 21, 1912]

FRETZ & FLAGG [Rochester, Indiana]
PARTNERSHIP DISSOLVED
The law partnership of Fretz and Flagg, which has conducted legal and abstract business in Rochester for several years has been dissolved according to the announcement made today. The dissolution came by mutual consent of both parties. Charles E. Flagg, former deputy prosecutor in Fulton County, has retired from the practice of law and is now on the road selling fertilizer. Mr. Fretz will continue in the law and abstract business at the same office.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 6, 1927]

FRETZ & MOHLER [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] REAL ESTATE BULLETIN. For Sale - - - - - - FRETZ & MOHLER, Sentinel Block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 9, 1910]

FRETZ & SHRIVER [Rochester, Indiana]
See Fretz Abstract Company, B. F.
__________

[Adv] Money! Money!! Money!!! Unlimited supply of 5-1/2% Money to Loan on Farms. FRETZ & shriver
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 7, 1919]

BUSINESS REVIEW OF ROCHESTER MERCHANTS
This abstract office has attained a well merited reputation being one of the most efficient and well versed organizations in this special field of endeavor in Fulton County and have a large clientele.
In the first days of the settlement of all communities, the question of title to property always causes a certain amount of confusion. While this country has had its inning at this feature of settlement, today this has been done away with through the efficient service of modern, abstract companies that specialize in this business. They have at their command all of the data and information on the various tracts of land in the country. With access to all this information at hand they have placed the practical operation of this concern in able and competent hands.
They are peculiarly endowed with analytical and care taking attainments that render them safe and conservative in making up abstracts. There is no detail that is not given the most pains taking attention, while the history of their business operations show that they have always been so.
People desiring to purchase land in the county can consult no more competent and reliable authority upon the title of their proposed purchases than Fretz and Shriver.
In making this review of the onward progress of the county in this edition we wish to recommend them to all our readers when they may be in need of service of the highest character. They are well known and reliable, and progressive, whose information, advice and service you can depend upon. They are loyal supporters of all propositions that promote the progress and expansion of the city and county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 17, 1922]

FRIEND GROCERY [Rochester, Indiana]
STORE CHANGES HANDS
S. M. Friend has announced the sale of his grocery and delicatessen store on North Main street to Estil Sheets, possession to be given over as soon as an inventory has been taken of the stock on hands. The store is closed while the invoice is made. Mr. Friend, who has been in business in this city for several years says he has no definite plans for the future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 2, 1923]

FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARY [Rochester, Indiana]
Spearheading the successful drive to finance demolition of the old Woodlawn Hospital building to make way for a new library structure was a crowning achievement of the Friends of the Fulton County Public Library, which had been organized specifically to assist the effort in any way it could.
From the beginning, however, the FOL saw its role as supporting the entire range of services and activities connected with the library.
It was organized Nov. 5, 1979.
First officers: Margery Overmyer, Rochester, president; the Rev. Lucy Watt, Rochester, vice president; Ellen Reed, Newcastle Township, secretary, and Russell Walters, Richland Township, treasurer. Joining them on the board of directors were Ann Decius, Liberty Township, and Nora Delworth and Richard Belcher, both of Rochester.
The organization has grown to more than 200 members.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 31, 1984]

FRIENDSHIP HOME [Lukens Lake, Wabash County]
NEWS OF THE DAY
Wabash Tiomes-Star
G. G. Tate, manager of Friendship Home park, formerly known as Lukens' lake, announced that the Athens band has been secured for a concert to be played at the lake on next Sunday afternoon, August 16. Besides the concert there will be a game of ball between the J.C.B. and the A.O.F. teams. A large number from Wabash and Roann will spend the day at the resort.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 13, 1908]

FRIENDSHIP HOME SOLD
Rochester people will be interested to learn that Friendship Home, the popular Lukens Lake resort, has been sold by its owners, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. KREIG, to George KINGSTON, wealthy Kokomo manufacturer, who gets possession after this fall and who will have the place conducted as it is now.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 4, 1918]

FRISTOE & MERRISS [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW FIRM COMING
The Mercer building located at the corner of Main and Ninth streets and now owned by J. Dawson, will soon be occupied by the firm of Fristoe & Merriss, who expect to be ready for business by the first of the coming month.
Speaking of Mr. Fristoe, who is now located at Geneva, Ind., the Decatur Democrat says: "H. A. Fristoe, who has been a resident of Adams county so long that we had long ago considered him and his estimable family permanent fixtures, is arranging to remove to Rochester, Ind., where they expect to make their future home.
"Recently he was given an opportunity to secure an opening at Rochester, where he has had an eye on things for several years, and before many days had elapsed, Al, who does things when he starts, had closed a deal in partnership with his brother-in-law, E. Merriss, of Lexington, Ky., for a commodious building, well located in that place. Now the Fristoe Economy store at Geneva is being closed out, and about April 1 Fristoe & Morris will open "The Rochester," a 5, 10 and 25 cent department store, where you can buy more for the money than anywhere in Fulton county.
"You can bet that last old dollar of yours, however, that Al Fristoe will make good and will give Rochester the best store of the kind they have ever had. He will deal fair and square and support Barnhart for congress as consistently as he has John Adair."
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 11, 1911]

[Adv] House Broom Special, Saturday Only - 24¢ - - - - THE ROCHESTER 5, 10 & 25¢ STORE. FRISTOE & MERRISS, Props. Corner 9th and Main St.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 1, 1912]

FRISTOE IS NOW PROPRIETOR
Notice of partnership dissolution in the firm of H. A. Fristoe A. E. Merriss proprietors of the Rochester 5, 10 and 25 cent store, at the corner of Ninth and Main streets, was given this morning.
Mr. Fristoe, who came here from Decatur about two years ago, has purchased the interest of his partner and will conduct the business at the same location. He has assumed all of the firm's obligations. Mr. Merriss has decided to return to his farm near Pleasant Mills, Ind., and will remove there within a short time.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 14, 1913]

FRISTOE'S 5 AND 10 CENT STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Located 828 Main.
__________

FOUR YEARS OLD
Four years ago today H. A. Fristoe opened the store which he now runs. He is very well satisfied with the patronage accorded him.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 8, 1915]

H. WURTZBERGER BUYS FRISTOE VARIETY STORE
Through a deal transacted late yesterday Howard Wurtzberger, of this city, becomes the new proprietor of the Fristoe Variety store which is located on the [NW] corner of Main and 9th street.
The new proprietor who is one of Rochester's young business men will assume active control of business Monday morning, December 5th. Mr. Wurtzberger was a former employee of the United States Bank & Trust Co. and also officiated in a like capacity in one of the larger Toledo, Ohio banks for some time. The transaction was made necessary through the recent demise of H. A. Fristoe, proprietor of the store.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, December 3, 1932]
__________

In the corner room of the Odd Fellows Building, Fred Wilson operated a hardware store and the location later housed the Earle Theatre, one of Rochester's earliest movie houses where you could see a "feature" for a five-cent piece. The Earle Theatre brought Rochester its first mechanical talking pictures. Adjoining the theatre, Al Fristoe operated Rochester's earliest "five and 10 cent" store in what is now the north half of the Kroger market.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 14, 1958]

FROCK SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
FROCK SHOP TO OPEN
The Frock Shop, an exclusive ladies-to-wear salon will open tomorrow, Dec. 5, according to announcement today by the owner, Mrs. Harold Day. A line of distinctively new, modish and exclusive items for milady's wardrobe will be carried, according to Mrs. Day who has had long experience in ladies wear, the past several years with M. Wile & Sons store in this city. The Frock Shop is located at 115 W. Eighth street, at the rear of the Coplen & Erdmann drug store.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, December 4, 1944]

FROMM, FRED [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] FRED FROMM, Dealer in Portland Cement , Wood burned lime, No. 1 prepared hair, Plaster Paris, Fire brick and clay, Baled Hay and straw, Corn and Oats. Office on Market street, just off Main.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 24, 1899]

FROMM'S AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] - - - Agricultural Implements - - - Cheapest Farm Wagons - - - Land Plaster & Salt, That will be sold very cheap. Repairs for all kinds of Machinery constantly on hand. All kinds of Machinery is cheaper than ever, - - - - Emanuel Kratzer will be there to show goods and give prices. J. F. FROMM, Largest Dealer in Agricultural Implements in Rochester.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 5, 1879]ß°5¢¢¢¢

FROMM'S GROCERY [Rochester, Indiana]
H. W. & A. D. Cornelius have moved into their New and Splendid Store rooms, situated on Main Street, East side opposite Fred Fromm's Grocery Store . . . [full column ad]. . . Cornelius Bros. Rochester, Nov. 21st, 1867.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, November 21, 1867]

FROMM'S STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
R. S. Jewell, Tailor. Particular attention paid to cutting. Gentlemen may rely upon a fit every time. Shop over Fromm's store, front room.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, December 4, 1862]

A. D. Cornelius & Bro. . . . Store at the old stand of Fred. Fromm, on the corner North of the Post Office . . . Rochester, Oct. 29, 1863.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, October 29, 1863]

The City Bakery. Mr. Wm. Downey would announce to the citizens of Rochester and vicinity that he has purchased the above named establishment in the Farmer's Block, in Fred Fromm's Grocery Store. . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, November 29, 1866]

[Adv] Wholesale and Retail - - - A car Load of Choise Groceries - - - Boots & Shoes- - - Fromm's Mammoth Store - - - JOHN F. FROMM, South end of Commercial Block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 7, 1878]

FRUIT AND PRODUCE STANDS [Fulton County]
FRUITLAND IS NAME OF CORNELL ESTABLISHMENT
Mr. and Mrs. William Cornell have opened a new grocery and refreshment stand one mile north of this city on Federal Road 31. The new establishment, which will feature sandwiches, cold drinks, fresh fruits and vegetables, has been named Fruitland. The Cornells also operate a gasoline and oil filling station. Fruitland is housed in a one story frame structure which has approaches constructed of gravel.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 13, 1927]

FRUITLAND IS DAMAGED WHEN STOVE EXPLODES
A loose valve on a gasoline stove which was a part of the equipment of the Fruitland Stand on Federal Road 31 one mile north of this city owned by Mr. and Mrs. William CORNELL caused the stove to explode at 7 o'clock Thursday evening causing a damage of between $200 and $300. Before the fire department arrived neighbors had extinguished the blaze. The explosion occurred when Mr. Cornell attempted to adjust the valve. He was badly burned on the right hand. A new ceiling and sidewalls on the back part of the Fruitland structure will have to be rebuilt. Mr. and Mrs. Cornell and their clerk, Miss Cleo SMITH, were in the stand when the explosion occurred.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday May 4, 1928]

[Adv] FRUITLAND BARBECUE announces improvements. A new addition 18x20 feet has been attractively equipped with six new tables and chairs. Plenty of room now, and prompt service for Chicken Dinners, Sandwiches, Pop, Fruit, Candies, Cigars, Cigarettes, Etc. Wm. Cornell, Proprietor. Just north of City on Federal Road 31.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, April 20, 1929]

[Adv] Announcement to Public. CORNELL'S FRUIT & BARBECUE STAND Now Open For Business. All old friends and new invited to come out. Sandwiches. Short Orders and Chicken Dinners. Phone 266. Just North of City.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 13, 1930]

J. C. BEERY and SON have started the erection of a wholesale and retail fruit and vegetable market at 1417 South Main street. The owners of the new market will carry in stock vegetables which they raise on their farm west of this city and fruits which they will obtin in city markets. [NOTE: Located 1417 Main Street, Rochester, Indiana]
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, May 14, 1930]

CORNELL'S FRUITLAND SOLD TO SO. BEND LADY
The Cornel's Fruitland Barbecue, located just north of the city on State Road 31 has been sold to Mrs. Frank Baker, of South Bend, who arrived today and assumed active control of the popular eating place. Mrs. Baker, who is thoroughly experienced in this line of business, will retain the same cooks and waiters.
Mr. and Mrs. Cornell will soon move to South Bend, where Mr. Cornell will operate a trucking business. The Barbecue stand will continue under the name of Cornell's Fruitland Barbecue.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 8, 1930]

CORNELL MARKET MOVES INTO A NEW BUILDING
William Cornell, owner of the Cornell Fruit Market at the corner of Main and Seventh Streets on the city lot, announced today that he would open his new store, located at 627 North Main Street, Saturday. Mr. Cornell will continue to operate his market on the city lot as long as the weather will permit. Mr. Cornell purchased the building formerly occupied by the Davisson Electric Shop from Owen Davisson. He has completely remodeled the building and made it into one of the most modern fruit and vegetable markets to be found in this section of the state. Mr. Cornell has also added the union delivery as a part of his service to the customers.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, October 13, 1933]

LEASES FRUITLAND
Virgil Kettlewood has leased the Fruitland filling station and barbecue stand one mile north of the city on Road 31. The place has been opened for business by the lessee.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, March 1, 1935]

LITTLE LIFTS FOR BUSINESS FIELD
Mrs. Elizabeth Cornell announced today that she would open a complete vegetable, fruit and flower market Saturday, May 9 in the lot just to the north of the Schultz Drug Store at 614 North Main Street.
The new market will not only feature the best in fruits, vegetables and flowers but also fresh cottage cheese, whipping cream, chickens and other farm products.
Mrs. Cornell is well known to the public. For several years she operated a similar market on the City Lot at the corner of Main and Seventh streets.
An announcement of the opening of the new Cornell Market may be found in both the display and classified sections of The News-Sentinel today.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 7, 1936]
CORNELL FRUIT MARKET IS SOLD TO 12 MILE MEN
Mrs. Elizabeth Cornell announced today that she had sold her fruit market at 614 North Main street, just to the north of the Char-Bell Theatre to Claude and Dwight Keim of Twelve Mile.
The Keim brothers today were razing the stand and will move it to Peru, where they will erect a market. Mrs. Cornell has operated fruit markets in this city for several years.
Mrs. Cornell is retiring from business because of ill health and because of the sickness of her daughter, Wilma, who has assisted her in the operation of the market.
Mrs. Cornell will continue to sell cottage cheese, cream and dressed poultry from her home north of the city on Road 31.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, June 12, 1936]

DIXIE-ANX
[Adv] FOR SALE, Tree Ripened Florida Citrus Fruits - - - - DIXIE-ANX.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, February 14, 1939]
__________

FAMILY'S MARKET ALONG OLD 31
WAS A PERFECT PLACE
TO WATCH ALL THE ACTION
By Doris Strong
Pharos Tribune Guest Columnist
Foreword from the author: This article is a tribute to my parents.
My parents, Homer and June Ward, my sister, Lois, and I lived on a farm 1/2 mile north of Perrysburg in Miami County. It was located on State Road 31 (now old 31), but a traveled highway at that time for everybody. It was amazing how many cars went by on the day of the Indianapolis 500 back in the 1930s. As a kid, I tried to count the cars one time, but of course, that was really impossible!
We had tramps or hoboes go through the country and would stop for a bite to eat. Sometimes Dad would say you can chop wood for something, but usually they didn't seem anxious to do anything. Mother would give them a sandwich or something she had. They would want to sleep in the barn sometimes, but Dad was afraid of that. There was a chance of them setting fire to the hay. Loose hay was hauled in at that time.
My sister attended North Manchester College and taught the third and fourth grades at Deedsville School for three years in the 1950s. At that time a woman could not teach, at least, in the elementary grades after marriage. She married in 1957 and moved to Chicago.
My Dad was a farmer and businessman from a young man until his health declined. He started as a raw fur buyer at the age of 18 and dealt with many people in the next several years. In this day some will tell me they sold fur to him when they were young. He had dealings with other fur buyers. Roy Huddleston from Hoover, Bert Siddall at Burnettsville, Sam Swan, Converse, and L.V. Robinson, Winamac. We became friends to them and knew different members of their families. Some would have meals with us and all were honest and reliable people.
After farming some years, my Dad went into truck farming, raising berries of all kinds, strawberries, red and black respberries, blackberries and boysenberries. It became necessary to hire berry pickers. He raised vegetables and the produce for selling. At first Dad would load up his Model "A" Ford and take his produce to peddle at the stores in Peru. Later he and Mother had "Ward's Home Market" during the summer and fall seasons. People would stop for produce from Indianapolis, Gary, Peru, Rochester and other towns. Some were going to Nyona Lake or Manitou Lake at Rochester. Friends were made that way.
Of course, a few less desirable people might stop, too. As my Dad and I were in the tomato patch one day, some gypsies stopped along the road. Two women got out in their garb and long aprons. They were jabbering "sick boy" - sick boy in the car. They gathered up green tomatoes in their aprons, and we were uncertain of what they had in mind - they were up to kidnapping children and stealing money. Dad backed up to the car as he had a gun in there to shoot gophers and he thought he might have to scare the gypsies to get rid of them. In the meantime I was scared and thoughtlessly ran to the house through the corn patch. Dad didn't know what had happened to me, so when he got to the house he said don't ever do that again!
Life was interesting and quieter - we enjoyed nature and the great outdoors. People were more self-sufficient, pumping water by hand or the windmills (thawing the pump out with a tea kettle of hot water in the winter.)
It was kerosene lighting or candles until we got a Delco-plant installed in the early 1930s. It consisted of 16 batteries plus two big glass jugs with battery acid in them for our electric power. It provided lights and we could iron, but using it dimmed the lights. It was great until the electric company came along to supply our power. The two brothers, Dick and "Dock" Stuber from east of Peru installed the Delco plant. "Doc" had an aiplane, so he woulld swoop over our place and at that time it was a thrill for us. It was not often you'd see a plane and especially if you knew the pilot.
Doris Strong is a resident of Twelve Mile.
[Logansport Pharos-Tribune, Saturday, May 2, 1999]

WHERE ARE THE FRUIT STANDS OF YESTERYEAR?
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Somehow, the subject of summertime fruit stands in an earlier Rochester came up the other day during a conversation. Afterward I inexplicably found myself trying to locate as many as I could. Here's the result:
The Dixie Annex, operated by the Beery family, was located on South Main Street where Video Stop now holds forth.
Three others were along U.S. 31, today called Old 31.
First was the stand operated just a few years by Si Perkins. It was on the east side of a few lots north of the Lucas Street intersection.
Also on the east side of 31 but further north was Fruitland, owned by William Cornell and his wife. Later on Earl Quick operated a fencing business from the same building, which still exists.
On the west side of 31, before the Olson Road intersection, was Tices' Market, run by Jim and John Tice. Similarly, the small building that housed it also still remains.
They were popular spots where cvustomers gathered for socializing as well as buying. Maybe you can recall others. I am indebted to Eva Kindig, Jim Gilliland and Wendell Tombaugh with helping flesh out this bit of local nostalgia.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, September 27, 1999]

FRUITLAND BARBECUE [Rochester, Indiana]
See Fruit and Barbecue Stands

FRUSHOUR, J. H. [Rochester, Indiana]
See Frushour & Leavell

FRUSHOUR, W. A. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] The NEW STORE for low priced Christmas Presents. We are making special prices on Queensware, Rugs, Ladies Furnishings, Tinware, Fancy Goods, Novelties, Games, Gameboards etc., that can't be duplicated. - - - W. A. FRUSHOUR.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 16, 1901]

FRUSHOUR & LEAVELL [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The real estate firm of Frushour & Leavell having dissolved partnership by mutual consent, you will find me at the South Main street feed and hitch barn with a good list of farms and city property for sale. J. H. FRUSHOUR.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 19, 1911]

FRUSHOUR MEAT MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
TWO BUTCHER SHOPS CLOSE
There are two less butcher shops in the city today than there were last week, Vine Curtis and Frushour having closed their shops. Mr. Curtis was not in the city today, but the Sentinel was informed that he closed u in order to go into some other business, though exactly what he does not say.
Mr. Frushour stated that the business was so poor that he did not make enough money to meet his obligations due mostly to the high cost of meat. A representative of a Chicago concern came here Saturday and took back all the good meat which was left.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 7, 1913]

FRY, JOHN C. [Liberty Township]
BIOGRAPHY
John C. Fry, of Liberty township, was born in Paulding county, Ohio, Jan. 24, 1848. He is descended from the Frys of Pennsylvania, his fater, S. C. Fry, being born in the old quaker state about 1813. He emigrated to Ohio after his marriage and followed farming, his life-time vocation, till about 1859, when he came to Indiana and settled for a time near Wabash. In 1863 he came to Fulton county and lived about the town of Fulton till 1892, when he died. He was twice married. His children are: Catherine, widow of August Diehl; Josiah Fry, a merchant in Cincinnati, Ohio, and John C. Fry, all by his first wife. John C. Fry got but little schooling. His father was not full-handed enough to help his children to begin life as independents. So our subject was driven to the necessity of earning his start by working for wages. When he had saved $600 he paid it out on the contract for eighty acres of his present farm, going $1,400 in debt. All the years since he has given to clearing and general improvement of his premises. He owns now 110 acres and is one of the substantial and reliable men of his community. Mr. Fry was married Jan. 11, 1875 to Mary Jane Van Blarigen, who died in 1888, leaving six children--Alvin W., Arthur J., Marietta and Sarahnetta, twins; Cloe C. and Dora A. S. C. Fry's children by his second marriage are: Mary, wife of Charles Shrader, of Logansport; Sarah, married to Joe House, of Fulton county; Lillie, wife of John White, of Liberty township; Hattie, wife of Adam Britberner, of Denver, Ind., and Samuel L. Fry, in Arkansas.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, p. 70]

FRY'S SAWMILL [Richland Center, Indiana]
Located near the school gym. Operated by Dave Fry.

FRYE, ROBERT HAROLD [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Robert H. Frye)

FRYE BROS [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Bargain Day Specials, Thursday, February 18 - - - - Open evenings. Phone 535.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, February 16, 1926]

TO OPEN MEAT MARKET
Theodore Teel and son will open a meat market in the room on North Main street in which Fry Brothers operated a grocery store instead of a grocery as was announced in the News-Sentinel Monday evening. The new market which will specialize in home killed meats will be opened the latter part of this week. An ad annnouncing the opening will be carried in this paper.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, March 24, 1927]

FULLER, JUDSON M. [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Judson M. Fuller, a prominent farmer and resident of Union township, was born in Lucerne county, Pa., June 14, 1836. His parents were Minor and Mary (Majors) Fuller. The father was born in Lucerne county, Pa., Aug. 25, 1808. He died in Kosciusko county, Ind., Aug. 22, 1862. He was a son of William Fuller, also a native of Pennsylvania, whose father in turn was of English origin and a soldier in the revolution. Mary Majors was born in England, Feb. 1, 1807, and her death occurred in Kosciusko county, Ind., Sept. 21, 1857. She was a daughter of Thomas Majors, a native of England. Minor and Mary Fuller were married in Pennsylvania Aug. 23, 1832. They had the following children: Rebecca Ann, Judson M., Joseph, deceased; Ellen, deceased Major, Mary, deceased; and Margaret, deceased. The parents settled in Kosciusko county in 1853. The father was a farmer and miller by occupation. The subject of this mention was reared on the farm, and the labors of his youth were divided between working on the farm and in the saw and grist-mill of his father. He began the battle of life for himself at the age of twenty-six years. He has always followed farming and has been very successful. He has resided in Fulton county since 1866. He owns a splendid farm of 140 acres and has added to it many improvements. He has always been a staunch republican in politics. Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist church. Their family consists of six children, viz.: Charles, Mary, Ella, Norma, Malissa and Leonard. Their first born, Wilbur by name, is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller were married Sept. 21, 1862. Mrs. Fuller is a daughter of Richard and Ruth Herd, both of whom were born in England. Mrs. Fuller was born Aug. 26, 1837.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 70-71]

FULLER, MAJOR [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Major Fuller, a farmer of Union township, was born in Lucerne county, Pa., Dec. 3, 1843. His parents were Minor and Mary (Majors) Fuller. His father was also a native of Lucerne county, Pa. He died in Kosciusko county, Ind., in the year 1862, at the age of fifty-one years. Our subject's mother was born in England, and when young came to this country with her parents. The paternal grandmother of Mr. Fuller was a sister of Col. Ethan Allen, of revolutionary fame. Mr. Fuller's parents settled in Kosciusko county in 1853, and four years later his mother passed away in death, at the age of fifty years. She bore her husband the following children: Rebecca, Judson M., Joseph, deceased; Major; Ellen, deceased; Mary, deceased, and Margaret, deceased. The parents were members of the Baptist church and were highly respected. Major Fuller was reared on the farm and to the independent pursuit of farming his entire life has been devoted. He has been very successful, achieving success by means of industry, perseverance and frugality. Mr. Fuller has resided in Fulton county since 1866. He owns a fine farm of 243 acres and raises considerable stock. He has given to public entrprise very material aid and to education and church he has always given his full share of support. He and his wife are members of the Christian church; and in politics he is a supporter of the principles of the republican party. Mr. Fuller has been twice married. He wedded Caroline Kersey in 1872. She was a native of Fairfield county, Ohio. In 1882, she died at the age of nearly twenty-nine years, leaving him the following children: Wilbert A., Arthur C. and Franklin M., deceased. In 1887 Mr. Fuller married Elsie V. Rounds, a native of New York state.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, p. 71]

FULLER REAL ESTATE AGENCY [Rochester, Indiana]
Real Estate Agency! The subscriber has opened an office for the Purchase and Sale of Real Estate, Payment of Taxes &c. . . . Corydon E. Fuller, Rochester, Ind., lJan 20, 1864.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 21, 1864]

FULTON, INDIANA [Liberty Township]
Located eight miles south of Rochester on SR-25.
Original plat Sept. 16, 1851.
Incorporated May 7, 1900. It was the third incorporated town in Fulton County.
See: Martin, Harry
__________

The building of a plank road on the Indian trail between Logansport and Rochester brought about the birth of the town of Fulton. In 1850 Judge John W. Wright of Logansport brought men, oxen and sawmill equipment to build a plank road, going north and south from Fulton. He built the first log cabin in Fulton on the east side of the main street a little south of the traffic light.
In September of 1850 Wright sent Robert Aitken in charge of a stock of merchandise to Fulton. Aitken and his family moved into the first log cabin and operated the first store. Aitken was also in charge of the sawmill and mill hands for $20 a month. His wife furnished meals to the men for $1.25 a week.
Aitken had the first screen doors, the first cook stove, and the first rocking chair.
Fulton was platted by Judge Wright and George W. David September 16, 1851. An addition on the south was platted July 11, 1856. One log cabin after another was added and so the little village grew.
Judge Wright built a log school house on the lot where the Baptist church now stands and gave the school and lot to the town in 1851.
Since Aitken was the first settler, he was appointed in the fall of 1851 to be the first postmaster, serving until 1881. The post office was in his general store, about where Scott's hardware is now. Fulton received mail by stagecoach and by rider. Will Gray carried mail from Logansport to Fulton, then Wesley Finnimore carried mail from Fulton to Rochester. These were all-day trips by horseback. By means of a petition, Fulton has retained its postoffice but has lost its rural routes.
Fulton had two tanneries in the 1850's, the first established by John Haslett and the second by Ben Ziegler.
Judge Wright built a grist mill in 1856 on the site where Zartman Farm Service is now. He later moved the mill machinery to Rochester and the building was torn down. In 1873 on this same site, Fred Peterson and Theodore White built another mill and moved their machinery from Marshtown.
This mill was steam-powered by wood traded at 50 cents per cord on flour. The mill worked day and night, the flour being put in barrels made in Fulton, then hauled by horse-drawn wagons to Logansport and there shipped via Erie Canal to various trading posts along this water route. The mill machinery was modernized by Charles Patterson, whose father bought the mill in 1898, and is still operable.
The first two story building in Fulton was a hotel built by Alf Martin about where Scott's hardware is now.
Fulton has a long history of good doctors, beginning with Dr. Clevenger and Dr. Fairbanks, whose office stood on the northeast corner of Main and Davis streets. In 1870 Dr. O. P. Waite bought out Dr. Clevenger's practice and competed with Dr. Fairbanks, Barr and Thompson. As there was no drug store in Fulton, these doctors had to ride to Rochester to get their medicine It was not until 1901 that Lew Felder opened a drug store in Fulton.
In 1905 Dr. Franklin C. Dielman came to Fulton and was their faithful physician until his death in 1964. So strongly do Fulton residents want a hometown doctor again, that in 1975 they built a new medical building to entice a doctor to come. It is located on the corner next to the Ditmire-Zimmerman funeral home.
Fulton has had two newspapers, The Fulton Leader (1901-44) which folded because the publisher was drafted in WW-2, and the Fulton Review, March to July 1957, published by Betty Miller.
Like most towns, Fulton had its own Citizens Band to provide music for picnics, Fourth of July parades and summer concerts in the street by the bank. The band existed from 1883 to 1915 before high school bands came into existence. In fact, Fulton did not even have a high school until around the turn of the century, and then it was a three-year high school until the new school was built in 1910.
The first house south of the railroad tracks and the creek was Druggett Madary's, built in 1902. This section of town was called New Gary for many hears, perhaps nicknamed by Madary, who had been a policeman near Gary.
[The Town of Fulton, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

Clarence and Blanche (Caton) Williams, resided in the former Dr. Chester Doud house, which is located on a historical site, being the place where the first log cabin was built and later the first frame house in the town of Fulton. It is believed that part of the log cabin is still part of this house.
[Martin Caton Family, Rosemary Williams, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
__________

ONCE LIVED AT FULTON
A story is being widely circulated which has Mrs. Grace Enyart, formerly of Fulton, as the heroine. For some time she has had a desire to go up in a balloon and she made her first attempt a few days ago. Just as the balloon was inflated and ready to go up it took fire and ended her aspiration for the present. She had made all necessary preparation in case of an accident. She had the doctor engaged to administer to her in case he was needed, her coffin was selected, burial clothes ready and place of burial selected. She will try it again.
The Enyarts lived at Fulton some time ago where they kept a little restaurant and left as mysteriously as they came, leaving several bills unpaid. They are now at Waynetown and if Grace and her balloon should come this way and alight near Fulton she will be picked up for debt. (No pun intended.)
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 17, 1901]

FULTON'S FIRST FACTORY
The town of Fulton is jubilant. Not only has it moved away up the scale of commercial importance by the new C. R. & M. railway touching the town but it is now after factories and has landed one. An Ohio firm has agreed, in consideration of a free building site and the manuel help necessary to construct the building and sheds, to locate a slack barrel and stave factory in Fulton the same to require the services of thirty-five hands in operation.
The factory will be similar to the ones at Akron and Athens only it will make the staves and then manufacture them into barrels.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 31, 1902]

FULTON
The entire shelving on the south side of Jim Fry's grocery toppled over. About $45 in canned goods, jellies, mustards, catsups, coffee, lamp chimneys and other shelf goods were destroyed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 16, 1903]

FULTON NEWS
Elmer E. Jackson of Rochester has bought the livery stock of Levi Baker in this place, and took possession at once. Mr. Jackson is an old livery man and knows just what the public wants in his line. He has added several good horses to his string and will from time to time put in new rigs until he has one of the best stables in this part of the state. He will also buy all kind of good horses.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 30, 1903]

FULTON
From the Leader.
Elliott Shoemaker sold his shingle factory to Roann parties, who will remove the same to that place Saturday, July 11.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 6, 1903]

GRAND VIEW
William Zink has purchased a barber shop in the town of Fulton where he and his young wife will make their future home.
[Rochester Sentinal, Thursday, January 14, 1904]

NEW BUILDINGS FOR FULTON
According to the Leader's report, three substantial new business blocks are being planned for Fulton this season. Two new brick residences are also being considered quite seriously. Rannels Bros. will start on the foundation of their new large two story brick block just as soon as the frost is out of the ground and the weather is favorable. The building will be 44x86 feet with a large basement. The first floor will be occupied by their large stock of merchandise. The upper story will be a large public hall suitable for socials, suppers and entertainments. The parties that own the old building occupied by Wood's restaurant will, we are informed, tear down the old shack and replace it with a magnificent two story brick structure. Elmer E. Jackson has cleared away the debris on the lot just north of Felder's drug store and will at once commence the erection of a two-story stone building. George Swick and Frank Meredith, the enterprising tile mill men, are contemplating building two fine brick residences in the south part of town.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 4, 1904]

FULTON
From the Leader:
The brick work on the Rannells building is being rushed. Richard Leavell, one of Rochester's popular masons, is superintending the work. When completed the building will be one of the mose beautiful structures in northern Indiana, and a credit to both the Rannells Bros. and the town of Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 10, 1904]

FULTON NEWS
From the Leader.
W. I. Rannells & Bro. will open up in their new store room Nov. 12th.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 7, 1904]

Kewanna Herald.
Elmer Jackson, the Fulton liveryman, and a son-in-law of Marshal Smith, of Kewanna, started Friday, with a carload of horses, headed for Yazoo, Miss.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 24, 1904]

A PEEP AT FULTON
Right down the pike nine miles, Fulton, one of the oldest places in the county, is now taking on a prosperous appearance. New brick blocks have been constructed, The C. C. & L. have a fine new depot, A. D. Toner has established a large elevator, the hum of the grist mill machinery can be heard, and this, with the pretty homes and shady streets, make it a desirable place to live, and not many months more and the gong and buz of the trolley cars will be heard on its main thoroughfare. The town, incorporated in 1900, has a population of over three hundred, and within its limits is about one-half square mile. D. O. Hoffman is the editor of the lively, newsy paper that is booming the town, and he says "it's the best paper in the county and beats the devil for job work."
Rannells Brothers
Fulton, although a small place, has many advantages, and one most prominent in this town is the excellent buying facilities afforded by the big general store of Irvin and Ezra Rannells, located in their beautiful brick block just recently built. At this store is a great amount of good goods can be bought for one dollar and it is safe to say that its stock is as large as that of any other store in the county. The lines carried are dry goods, consisting of all kinds of dress fabrics, linens, muslins, ladies' furnishing goods, etc., boots and shoes for ladies, gentlemen, or children, of good quality and excellently made; groceries -- the pure food kind -- in both staple and fancy; queensware, china, etc., in great quantities and many varieties; mens furnishing goods consisting of hats neck wear, overalls, shirts, etc.
This store occupies a room 50x50 feet and its stock completely fills the space. The Rannells Brothers have been in business in Fulton for thirteen years and have always been leaders in building up the town and helping to make it the commercial center of part of Miami, Fulton and Cass counties. They buy products and pay the highest market price, and sell goods as near the cost price as any Fulton county seller.
G. W. Ulch and Son
One of the pretty farms of Liberty township is the one of G. W. Ulch and son, about a mile west of Mt. Olive, where everything is in a tip-top order the year round, and a farm fitted with all the modern machinery for farming.
The gentlemen are breeders of Duroc hogs and have twenty-eight head of pedigreed and registered ones of that breed. Their herd boar is a very fine one and very reliable. The brood sows and spring pigs are all in good condition and will be in fine shape for the sale they will have this fall.
Mr. Ulch is the county agent for the Royal Pittless Wagon Scales, and has a set on his farm. These scales are ideal ones for the farm, and a great protection for the farmer as well. The prices of these are extremely low, and will weigh amounts from two pounds up. The agent will be glad to give information to anyone concerning them.
M. O. Enyart
A merchant who has long been known as one of Fulton's best citizns, is M. O. Enyart, who is the proprietor of a large store of which Fulton can justly boast. Fulton, in the last few years has made a great leap in population and life and with this growth and enlivenment the above named gentleman has kept well apace, and now he offers the citizens of Fulton, Liberty township and their neighbors a store that has an excellent stock of goods. He carries all the lines usually handled in a general store -- dry goods, groceries, etc., and has a large showing of each, which enables the people to find and buy what they want, like, and need. One of the principles that has always [- - - - - apparently omitted - - - - - ].
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 21, 1905]

TUESDAY
L. C. Kistler has moved his meat market fixtures to Fulton and will open a meat market there in the near future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 8, 1906]
BLUE GRASS
The Winona telephone company put in a new telephone line from Grass Creek to Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 6, 1906]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
There will be quite a boom inaugurated in Fulton this coming spring in the way of substantial improvements and building. Rannells Bros are making preparations to erect a store room north of the furniture room. McLean & Lowe have broke ground for a two story brick south of the Rannells building. Charley Snyder will erect a double store room just north of his present location and Ditmire & Co are going to erect a large cement block building on their lot. A large hotel will in all probability be built just north of Cook's store room. Contractor E. E. Jackson has the contract to build several new houses in the Zook & Becker addition.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 5, 1907]

FULTON
Fulton Leader
Another enterprise has been started in Fulton. Otto McMahan and R. B. Hendrickson have formed a company for the removal of outbuildings.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 3, 1907]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
The Wagoner sisters have sold their stock of millinery goods to Miss Byrd Blackburn, who has removed the same to her home on west Dunn street where she will continue the business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 10, 1907]

KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
Chas Reser formerly of Kewanna has sold his restaurant at Fulton to Ned Gangwer, who has already taken possession.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 19, 1907]

KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
John and Dave Wolf, of near here, have bought the Snyder meatmarket at Fulton.
The water system is complete. The water was turned into the mains Saturday and for several days thereafter Foreman Tony Young and force were trying things out. Every fire plug in town has been tested and everyone worked O.K. except one where a shirt was found packed in the plug. There a lot of digging had to be done to remedy the difficulty. A strong stream of crystal clear water is now ready at any moment at any plug and hereafter losses from fire should be small.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 15, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
Ort Waltz has traded for a half interest in the Implement business with George Ulch.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 17, 1908]

FULTON DEPOT BURNED
Fulton was the scene of a fire Thursday afternoon, that burned the C. C. & L. depot and for a couple of hours threatened to take the whole town.
A passenger engine, which left that place at 3:00 is supposed to have dropped a red hot cinder, which was blown by the heavy south wind directly under the station platform. There in a few minutes the fire obtained quite a start and in a place where it was hard to get at, and after operator Virgil Barker discovered it, it was only a short time until the whole depot was a mass of flames.
A large crowd formed a bucket brigade and fought valiantly to save the depot but it was soon seen to be useless work. The crowd's attention was then directed to the Toner elevator, which was only about one hundred feet away. This building, which is one of the largest of its kind in the state, was in imminent danger as already the fierce heat had tried hard to catch the exterior on fire. In several places little flames began to try for a foothold but the ever present fire fighters put them out at once. The Toner lumber shed which was also near the scene, caught fire several times but was saved with but little damage done.
The fire was finally brought under complete control about five o'clock.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 13, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
There is a large force of men at work on the new cement block livery barn of F. H. Freese and the work is being pushed to completion with a vim.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 20, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
David Wolf has disposed of his restaurant stock to Freshour & Ream of Lucerne, who have taken possession of the same.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 1, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
The restaurant has changed hands, Freshour and Ream having disposed of it to Ross Howell and Oscar Scott.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, September 22, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
Frank Freese has traded his livery stable and residence property to Otto Calloway for his 125 acre farm near Mt. Olive. William Zook was the manipulator in this trade. It has to be a mighty cold day when "Bill" fails to make a trade when the property is placed in his hands.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 16, 1908]
FULTON
Fulton Leader.
We forgot last week to mention the return home of three Fulton boys, Chas. Meyer, Kent Green and Charley Morris, who were with Ringling Bros. big shows last season. The boys traveled over 14,000 miles and they all look healthy, notwithstanding the ups and downs of circus life.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 30, 1908]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
Ross Howell has disposed of his restaurant to Clinton Beecher, of Twelve Mile, who has taken possession of the same.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 12, 1909]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The new Fulton school building now under course of construction by Contractor Stephen Parcel of this city, is rapidly taking on a finished appearance. The building is a beauty and a valuable addition of Fulton as well as a credit to Mr. Parcel.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 18, 1910]

BOOM AT FULTON
Fulton, the thriving Liberty township metropolis, is just now experiencing a boom such as has not struck that place in many a day.
One of the good things that is to be done for the good of the town is the purchase of the old Fulton school building by the Knights of Pythias lodge of that place. The school building will be remodeled into a modern structure and will have a lodge room, banquet hall and dance floor. The work will commence on the rebuilding at once.
Another part of the boom is a building proposition with the Fulton State bank behind it. The bank has outgrown its present quarters and the officials have decided to build a substantial home that will meet all requirements of that institution for years to come. The building will be a two-story structure, the first floor to be used for the bank. The second floor will be rented for offices.
As a factory getter, Fulton has now taken the belt by securing a basket factory. The new factory is financed by Deedsville men and will be built at once. Although the factory is not to be a large affair, it will mean at least an addition of five families to the population.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 25, 1910]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The J. J. Campbell laundry at Fulton, which was destroyed by fire Wednesday, will be rebuilt at once. A number of patrons in the vicinity of Fulton were compelled to either wear soft shirts or no collars Sunday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 27, 1910]

FULTON'S NEW CREAMERY
Fulton, the prosperous metropolis of Liberty township, is to have a creamery, and the building is already being erected.
Fifty farmers in the near vicinity of the town have formed a stock company and will push the work to completion by April 5, when it is expected the creamery will be thrown open to the public.
The institution will be managed along the same principals as Beyer Bros. creamery in this city, and butter and ice cream will be manufactured exclusively.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 7, 1911]

NEWS FROM FULTON TOWN
The town of Fulton is about to be the home of another fine industry, according to word telephoned to the office by The Sentinel correspondent this morning. The firm of Waite & Patterson is planning to erect a fine, large and up-to-date garage and machine shop, which will be of sufficient dimensions to care for all of the work in Liberty township as well as all transient trade that may happen along. The firm is made up of two hustlers and it is predicted that they will make a big success.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 11, 1912]

FULTON
Earl Poorman has purchased the outfit for repairing shoes, formerly owned by Sam Allen, and has started a shop in Fulton. This will make two places of this kind here now.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 25, 1913]

FULTON
The Lowe & Hawk Hardware opening began Friday morning and ended Saturday evening. Wilson's orchestra, of Peru, furnished music, which was the central attraction.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 7, 1913]

BIG PURCHASE
L. G. Holz, of Rochester, Saturday bought the elevator plant, lumber yard and coal business of A. D. Toner at Fulton, valued at $20,000. Possession was given Monday and J. E. Snepp, formerly of Kewanna, will remain as manager.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 8, 1913]

AT FULTON
J. F. Gatrell has erected a silo that will contain 130 tons of silage. That ought to help some, wintering cattle. -- Pat McMahan has a very sick horse and is afraid he will lose it. The horse was bitten by a rattle snake last Thursday, while on pasture. -- Ort Waltz and Charles Patterson have sold their interests in the Fulton Auto company to R. S. Williamson and the new firm is now Williamson Brothers.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 15, 1913]

TOWN IS ENLARGED
Fifty-nine lots were added to the town of Fulton by an act of the board this week. The land to be added to the limits of the town lies west and includes the right-of-way of the railroad. The people living in that section petitioned to be admitted as they will now have fire protection and a portion of their taxes will go to support the town of Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 25, 1914]

FULTON FEELS CERTAIN OF ELECTRICAL POWER
Special to the Sentinel.
Fulton, Ind., March 3 -- Encouraged by good prospects for securing electric current for lighting and power here, a committee of citizens is at work soliciting business houses and dwellings to subscribe for the "juice."
At a meeting of the town board held Monday evening the proposition advanced by the Rochester E. L. H. & P. company was heard. "The Rochester plant will build the transmission line, if $300 a month is guaranteed, that is if 15 business houses and 50 dwellings agree to use electric current, at the same rate, it is said, that Rochester gets."
The town agreed to use 19 street lights, and merchants appeared ready to subscribe. A committee now at work has almost the required number of business houses on the list and it is thought that the homes can be secured. If so, the line will probably be built this summer.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 3, 1914]

FULTON ITEMS
The Lowe and Hawk hardware store had their annual opening last week. Wilson and Carpenter orchestra, of Peru, furnished the music. They had a large attendance, day and evening.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 6, 1914]

George Ricketts has sold his tin shop in Fulton to Verne Rouch and Mr. Ricketts will return to his old home in Rockford, Ohio.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 26, 1915]

FULTON BOOMS
The Fulton Improvement Co. has started work on its two story 44x100 foot cement block building. The front will be of glass, metal and white blocks with red rock pointing. What will occupy the structure is not known, but completion is expected by July 1st.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 30, 1915]

FULTON BOARD SIGNS TO TAKE LOCAL JUICE
Special to the Sentinel
Fulton, Ind., April 20 -- At a meeting of the town board here last evening, a contract was signed with the Rochester Electric Light, Heat and Power Co., to furnish electricity for this town. Work on the transmission line will be started as soon as the contract is approved by the public service commission.
It is said that the Rochester company will furnish juice to farmers living along the Michigan road and the county commissioners may also contract for lights at the county farm. The work of building the new line will furnish considerable work this summer.
Twenty street lights will be installed here at a cost of $45 each per year and electricity will be furnished to individual consumers at rates similar to those in Rochester.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 20, 1916]

BUYS DRAY LINE
Paul Julian, of Fulton, bought the dray line of McCarter & Son last week and started business Thursday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 5, 1920]

TO OPEN RESTAURANT
Harry Karn, manager of the Coffee Shop [in Rochester], owned by his brother Oren Karn since its establishment some time ago, has resigned and plans to open a restaurant in Fulton. In the meantime Russell Karn has taken over the management of the local lunch room.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 2, 1923]

The C. M. Studebaker general store in Fulton has been sold to C. D. Gilmore and Edward Leavell.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 14, 1924]

TO OPEN FILLING STATION IN FULTON
Announcement has been made by R. W. Coffing that he will open his recently completed gasoline filling station at Fulton on Saturday evening at 7:30 o'clock with an elaborate outdoor program, weather permitting. The station is named after the owner, who has employed a seven-piece orchestra and a quartet to furnish the music for the program he has arranged. The entertainment is to be free to the general public.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 24, 1924]

STORES IN FULTON HAVE CHANGED HANDS
J. T. Burns, of Kewanna, has traded his store building in Fulton for the A. A. Gast general store in the north end of that town. Without doubt the store is the biggest and best in Fulton. D. H. Snepp and L. M. Shoemaker of Kewanna will go to Fulton Monday to invoice the stock of goods after which Mr. Burns will be in charge. He will not move from Kewanna but will have a manager at the Fulton store and devote only a part of his time to that business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 5, 1924]

TO OPEN FILLING STATION IN FULTON
Announcement has been made by R. W. Coffing that he will open his recently completed gasoline filling station at Fulton on Saturday evening at 7:30 o'clock [with] an elaborate outdoor program, weather permitting. The station is named after the owner, who has employed a seven-piece orchestra and a quartet to furnish the music for the program he has arranged. The entertainment is to be free to the general public.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 24, 1924]

H. KARN BUYS BAKERY
The Fulton Bakery owned by B. J. ZANGER became the property of Harry D. Karn Monday. Mr. Karn is a young man of many capabilities and will keep the business up to its usual high standard, having had previous experience in this line of work at one time being connected with the American bakery at Rochester. -- Fulton Leader.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 13, 1924]

M. O. ENYART OF FULTON TRADES STORE FOR FARM
The M. O. Enyart department store at Fulton, the oldest established mercantile house in that town, has been sold by the owner Mort Enyart to A. C. Hufford. The stock and fixtures of the store have been traded by Enyart for the Hufford farm which is located about one and one-half miles south of Fulton on the Michigan road. Mr. Enyart however retains the title to the Fulton real estate on which the store is located.
Mr. Enyart has been in business in Fulton for the past 37 years during which time he has built up a large trade with Liberty township people and he has been in ill health for the past two years and decided to retire. Mr. Hufford who takes possession of the store on January 1st, is an experienced business man having been in the mercantile business for 23 years. His son will be associated with him in the conduct of the business in the capacity of manager.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, December 17, 1924]

TO OPEN FULTON MOVIE HOUSE NEXT WEDNESDAY
Fulton is to have an up-to-date amusement house. L. E. Easterday, on Feb. 18, next Wednesday will open a moving picture show in the building formerly occupied by the Motor Inn Garage. A projection machine the duplicate of the ones in use at the Circle Theatre in Indianapolis, will be installed. Mr. Easterday is offering a number of prizes for persons who submit names for the theatre.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, February 13, 1925]

PICTURE HOUSE OPENED
The Fulton moving picture theater was successfully opened Wednesday night, with more than two hundred persons attending. Howard Frain won the $5 prize for naming the show, "The Home." C. B. Gilmore and Glendolyn Reed won second and third prizes, three months and one months passes to the show.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, February 19, 1925]

FULTON RESTAURANT SOLD
William Fisher of Mentone has purchased the John Rouch restaurant at Fulton. Possession will be given within a few days. The fishers are moving to Fulton.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday March 5, 1925]

Two business location changes have been made this week at Fulton. The Home theatre has been moved to the room recently vacated by the Beatrice cream station. The garage owned by Russell Cooper has been moved opposite the Baptist church into the building vacated by the theatre.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, March 5, 1925]

BUY FULTON STORE
The North End Hardware Store at Fulton was sold Monday to Stehle and Shively, owners of a hardware store in this city, by a Peru corporation, which owned it. The new owners will continue to operate the Fulton store and have retained John Zook, who has managed it for a number of years.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, April 8, 1925]

ACCEPTS FORD AGENCY
V. L. Barker has taken the Fulton Ford Agency and will sell Ford cars for the Babcock Motor Co., of Rochester. Mr. Barker will be ready at any time to give demonstrations of Ford cars and Fordson tractors. He is very well known, has a wide circle of friends and acquaintances, sells one of the most popular cars and there is no reason why he should not make good in this work.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, September 25, 1925]
TWO FULTON BUSINESSES SHARE IMPROVED SITE
Carpenters are busy on the Rannells room on North Main street, getting it ready to house the R. & K. Lunch room, and the Fulton bakery. A great many interior changes are being made and the entire room will be newly decorated. After the change the bakery goods will be on sale there and a new line of fancy rolls and pastries will be added. A dining room is being equipped for special parties and occasions besides the regular lunch room. Both concerns will be enabled to take care of their ever increasing business in a much more efficient manner.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, March 12, 1926]

GAS FILLING STATION
Fulton is to have a new gas filling station which will be located on the O. M. Enyart lot on North West Main street. Kernel Whybrew will operate the station.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, March 20, 1926]

NEW FIRE DEPARTMENT ORGANIZED AT FULTON
A new fire department has been organized in Fulton at the request of the Fulton Town Board. Benton Fenstermacher was named chief. He selected the following men as firemen, Clarence Emery, Otto Reed, Earl Mills, Frank Carithers, William Ford, Glen Berry and Elmer Olabagh.
The new fire fighting company, which will meet monthly, at their first meeting Thursday night selected the following officers, Clarence Emery assistant fire chief, Otto Reed secretary, Earl Mills treasurer, Frank Carithers captain, and William Ford assistant captain.
The Fulton town board several months ago purchased a number of chemical tanks in various sizes. These with an extra supply of charges have been mounted on a Ford chassis which is kept in the Motor Inn Garage. The entire outfit is painted a bright red and looks "real citified," the Fulton Leader states.
For a long time Fulton's fire defense has been very weak and as a result residents of that town felt a great deal of anxiety because of the fact. One of the main reasons for the purchase of the equipment was an effort on the part of the town board to have insurance rates lowered there. The former rate was almost prohibitive.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, February 4, 1927]

BUYS FILLING STATION
Fulton Leader.
E. H. Ling of Kouts last week purchased the Berry and Son Filling Station on South Main Street, taking possession at once. Mr. Ling owns several filling stations, one at Kouts, one at Medaryville and one at Knox. The station here will continue to handle all Standard Oil Company wares. C. D. Berkshire, well known local young man will have charge of the station.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, September 8, 1927]

SELLS BARBER SHOP
The barber shop at Fulton operated for many years by Omar L. Poorman has been sold to John Rose. Mr. Rose will install complete new equipment and open the place for business Monday. Mr. Poorman has purchased a barber shop at Mishawaka which he will operate.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, June 15, 1928]

WILL OPEN STORE
FrankBuckingham, who has been employed as grocery clerk in various stores in fulton for a number of years has decided to embark in business for himself and has decided to open a store in the Zanger building.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 14, 1928]

ROAD CELEBRATION TO BE HELD OCT. 30 AT FULTON
Tuesday, October 30th has been set as the date of the big celebration at Fulton to mark the opening of the newly paved State Highway 25. The celebration will be in the nature of a homecoming says The Fulton Leader.
The afternoon will offer a program of addresses by prominent speakers and entertainment of various kinds. There will be several bands on hand and jollification will be the order of the day.
In the evening there will be a huge street masquerade and also a dance. Prizes will be given for the best costumes. The dance will be held on the new pavement and prizes will be given for the best dancers. The main street of Fulton will be a great "White Way" that evening. Committees are now busy on the various features of the celebration and more details will be announced later.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, October 11, 1928]

PLANS ARE COMPLETED FOR FULTON ROAD CELEBRATION
Plans have been completed at Fulton for the big road celebration which will be held there on the afternoon and evening of October 30th to mark the completion of the paving of the 22 mile gap of the Michigan Road between Rochester and Logansport which work was done during the past summer. Delegations will be present from both Rochester and Logansport. It is hoped to have members of the state highway commission present. The road in all probability will be opened to traffic on Saturday, October 27th.
The principal speakers of the afternoon session will be Hon. Frederick Landis of Logansport, editor of the Logansport Pharos-Tribune, who was one of the candidates for governor on the republican ticket at the primary this spring and Hon. Henry A. Barnhart of this city. Two bands, from Logansport and the other from this city will furnish the music during the time of the speeches.
Following the address there will be a big parade. This parade will depict the evolution of travel on the Michigan Road from the time it was ceded to the State in 1831 to the present time. A number of old vehicles will take part in this parade and it will be most interesting. Following the parade the afternoon will be taken up with a horse shoe contest, Three legged race, Pie eating contest, Womens race, Bicycle race, Sack race, Scooter race, Pop race and other contests.
In the evening there will be a huge street masquerade. The Cash prizes will be given to the best characters in the following classes, Colored Character, Set of Twins, Bride and Groom, Devil, Old Man, Tramp, Indian, Preacher, Clown, Maggie and Jiggs, Old Woman, Nurse, Dutch Girl, Gypsy, Mutt and Jeff, Largest Family, Jig Dancer, Clog Dancer and Old Time Fiddler.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, October 26, 1928]

NEW FILLING STATION
The Western Refining Company of Indianapolis commenced the erection last week of a new filling station on the vacant lots north of the C. & O. railroad tracks and on the east side of Main street in Fulton. Silver Flash gasoline will be sold. Dan Berkshire will be the manager of the station when it is completed.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, December 17, 1928]

MICHIGAN ROAD BRIDGE AT FULTON IS FINISHED
The cement bridge on the Michigan road just south of the C. & O. railroad tracks in Fulton was completed Saturday afternoon by employees of the Roger Daoust Comstruction Company. It was with the greatest of difficulty that the bridge was finished. The state highway department required that both the cement and gravel used in the construction of the bridge be heated. The highway department will not permit the bridge to be used for 35 days as they require that amount of time in the winter for the cement to cure. Another announcement was made today by Daoust company in which it was related that only one more day will be required to complete the pouring of cement on the Mt. Olive bridge around which structure there is now a run around. The Fulton and Mt. Olive bridges are both 30 feet wide with cement approaches from the 18 foot highway.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, December 18, 1928]

FILLING STATION, LUNCH ROOM OPENED AT FULTON
A modern filling station and lunch room to be known as "Sunshine Place" was opened in Fulton Tuesday morning by Mrs. Nettie Miller formerly of Logansport. The new establishment, which was erected at a cost of $6,000, is located across the street east from the Fulton postoffice. The lunch room is one of the best equipped in this section of the state and has an electric steam table and refrigating system. Short orders and meals will be served. The filling station, which will handle the products of the Shell-American Company, is also modern and has both men and ladies rest rooms with hot and cold running water. The establishment is kept warm by a steam heating system. Mrs Miller was a custom corset saleslady and will be remembered by many local women.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, January 16, 1929]

PAVING IN FULTON
The town board at Fulton has signed a contract with Hugh Holman, local contractor, to install cement curbs and gutters in that city at a cost of 83 cents per foot.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, May 9, 1929]

FORM PARTNERSHIP
M. F. Ewer and Lowell Ewer have formed a partnership at Fulton to engage in the coal and feed business.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, May 24, 1929]

CURB WORK STARTED
The work of laying the curb and gutter on Main Street in Fulton was started last Monday by Contractor Hugh Holman of this city. As soon as this work is finished Mr. Holman will hard surface the street and alley intersections.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, June 13, 1929]

LIBRARY MOVED
The Fulton branch of the Fulton county library has been moved from the rooms just west of the postoffice to the S. J. Zanger building on North Main Street.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, June 29, 1929

FULTON STORE SOLD
C. D. Gilmore has sold his general store in Fulton to Otto Cloud, of Macy. The store is now closed for invoicing after which Mr. Cloud will take possession.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 1, 1929]

FULTON BAKERY OPENED
Frank Henry, of Logansport, has opened the Fulton bakery at Fulton, formerly operated by J. P. Emery. The first baking was last Friday. Mr. Henry has had several years experience as a baker.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1930]

OPENS CAFE
William Fisher, who for several years operated a restaurant in Fulton later moving to Logansport, has decided to again enter the cafe business in Fulton and has leased the room formerly occupied by the Schlosser Brothers cream station three doors south of the Fulton postoffice.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 17, 1930]

FIRE HOUSE SOON READY
An announcement has been made by the town board of Fulton that the building which will house the Fulton and Liberty township fire trucks wll be ready for occupancy within the next ten days. The building to be used is the Becker building on South Main street formerly occupied by the Abbott service station.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 2, 1930]

BAKERY CLOSED
Frank Henry, of Logansport, who has been operating the Fulton bakery for several weeks, has discontinued its operation on account of lack of business.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 28, 1930]

BUYS BLACKSMITH SHOP
Ed Martin, of Mishawaka, has purchased the Fulton blacksmith shop of John Beichler. Immediate possession was given.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, August 19, 1930]

BUYS STATION
J. W. Messman, Sinclair agent for Fulton county, has purchased the north end service station in Fulton of E. T. Thomas, of Maywood, Ill. William McDougle will continue to operate the station.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 25, 1930]

BAKERY OPENS
Clifford Mikesell and Chas. Shoupe of South Bend have opened up a modern bake shop in Fulton. The bakery in this town had been closed for some time.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, October 16, 1930]

CHANGE MANAGERS
Managers of the Standard Oil Co. filling station at Fulton have been changed. Loren Waltz, who has been operating the station, resigned and the place has been taken by Louis Robinson. Mr. Waltz intends to leave for California.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, October 24, 1930]

STATION SOLD
Hugh Campbell, of Logansport, has purchased the Shell gas service station in Fulton, known as Sunshine place, of Homer Spenard and will take possession December 30th. Mr. and Mrs. Spenard and Mr. and Mrs. Robert Burns, who have been operating the station, will probably move to Logansport.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, December 24, 1930]

STATION RE-OPENED
The Shell filling station located on South Main street in Fulton, which has been closed for several months, has been re-opened. Mr. Berkhalter of Rochester is the new manager.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 5, 1931]

FULTON BAND
A band has been organized at Fulton with S. A. Carvey, of Macy, as leader. The first public appearance will be at the Decoration Day services at the Fulton cemetery on May 30th. During the summer months the band will give free concerts each Tuesday night on the streets of Fulton.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 21, 1931]

NEW GASOLINE STATION
Another gasoline station is to be built in Fulton. The Johnson Oil Company has purchased the property of the Morris estate located at the corner of Main and Davis streets and will erect a modern service station there. Work has been started on the new station by the tearing down an old building on the lot. The building was a landmark in Fulton.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, May 29, 1931]

BUYS FILLING STATION
F. J. Holycross, of Royal Center, has purchased the Johnson filling station on Main street in Fulton of Charles Collins. The purchaser took possession the first of the week.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 25, 1931]

OIL STATION CLOSED
The Standard Oil station in Fulton,which has been operated by Arthur Brubaker, has been closed by the company. The tanks have been moved to the station in Fulton operated by Hugh Campbell.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, December 16, 1931]
FULTON BUSINESS MEN FORM COMMERCIAL CLUB
A group of Fulton business men held a meeting in the directors room of the Fulton State Bank, Friday evening of last week, for the purpose of organizing a Commercial club. Practically all of the leading citizens of the town were present and the following officials and committees were chosen to officiate throughout the coming year.
President, Lowell Ewer; Vice-President, Dick Cloud; Secretary, E. E. Leavell; Treasurer, L. C. Thommen.
Adv. Com., Charles L. Patterson, W. C. Graffe, Hugh Campbell.
The regular business meetings for the newly formed organization will be held on the first and third Friday evenings of each month.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, February 2, 1932]

FULTON, IND. SUFFERS HEAVY FIRE LOSS
5 BUILDINGS RAZED IN HEART OF TOWN
$10,000 DAMAGE
A fire which it is thought started from an overheated stove in the office of the Fulton Leader, a weekly newspaper, caused damage at Fulton this morning estimated at from $10,000 to $12,000 practically covered by insurance. The flames destroyed not only the Leader office but two one-story buildings occupied by Dr. C. A. Doud and Dr. F. C. Dielman and two two-story rooms owned by M. O. Enyart and damaged the R. & K. lunch room to the south of the newspaper office and a filling station owned by William McDougal located just north of the Enyart buildings.
The fire was discovered by a passing motorist at 4 o'clock who awoke persons living nearby who turned in the alarm. The name of the motorist was not learned. At the time the fire was discovered the office of the Fulton Leader was in a mass of flames. The Leader is owned by W C. Graff, who purchased the newspaper four months ago from Robert Rannells. The Leader office was in a one-story building. The plant is a complete loss.
Fanned by South Wind
The flames which were fanned by a strong south wind spread northward. Persons who arrived on the scene moved all of the equipment from the office of Dr. Doud to a place of safety. Everything in the office of Dr. Dielman was moved except a case containing medicines. The two store rooms owned by Mr. Enyart were unoccupied and had not been for nearly a year.
The R. & K. lunch room was damaged in the amount of $200. The loss at the McDougal filling station it is thought will total $200. The lunch room and the filling station were damaged by the heat from the fire and the chemicals which were used in fighting the blaze.
Fire Companies Called
The first fire companies to reach the scene of the fire were the two at Fulton. The Fulton fire chief because of the size of the fire immediately placed a call for additional fire fighting equipment from Logansport, Twelve Mile and Rochester.
Two large combined pumpers and chemical fire fighting trucks were sent from Logansport while a truck each was sent from Rochester and Twelve Mile. Fire Chief William Cook was in charge of the truck which was sent from Rochester.
Fight Three Hours
The six fire fighting companies fought the flames until seven o'clock this morning before they were brought under control. The fire which lighted the skies until it was visible for a distance of ten miles soon attracted a large crowd of people to Fulton to watch the fire companies battle the blaze.
The buildings destroyed by the fire were located at the north end of the business district of Fulton. The office building occupied by Dr. Dielman was owned by Mr. Enyart while the buildings which housed the offices of the Fulton Leader and Dr. Doud were owned by E. A. Rannells. Mr. Rannells also is the owner of the R. & K. lunch room. The buildings burned were frame structures.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, February 9, 1932]

FULTON BAKERY SOLD
The bakery at Fulton has been sold by William Plummer, who has operated the establishment for the past few months to Harold Washington, of Ligonier, who is a son of Mr. and Mrs. George Washington, of near Macy. The purchaser is an experienced baker. He not only purchased the bakery but also the ground on which it was erected. The ground was owned by Jesse Routh, of Muncie. Mr. Plummer will move to Ligonier where he has accepted a position in a bakery.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, February 15, 1932]

BUYS ROOM
J. V. Stout, who operates a meat market in Fulton, has purchased the room formerly occupied by the Armour Cream station. Mr. Stout will remodel the building and move his meat market in the new location.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, July 23, 1932]

BAKERY TO REOPEN
The Fulton bakery which has been closed for several weeks and which was formerly operated by Lowell Washington of Macy, will be reopened for business Saturday with Harold Washington of Fulton as the new proprietor.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 6, 1933]

FULTON BAKERY OPENED
The bakery at Fulton which has been closed for sometime was reopened Thursday morning. Harold Washington is the new proprietor.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 27, 1933]

FULTON TO HAVE A NEW BUILDING IN SHORT TIME
Merle Lichtenwalter, of Centralia, Ill., has purchased the lots adjacent to the R. & K. Restaurant, in Fulton, where the old Fulton Leader office stood, the deal being closed recently. It is reported that he will erect a new structure which will house offices for Dr. F. C. Dielman and Dr. C. A. Doud, their offices having been destroyed by the same fire that confiscated the newspaper office. It is said that material from the old Mt. Olive school building which was purchased by Mr. Lichtenwalter about a year ago, at an auction sale, will be used in the construction.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 7, 1933]

LEASES DIAMOND STATION
Henry Vanatta who operates the Motor Inn Garage at Fulton has leased the Diamond Filling Station there. William Poorman is in charge of the station. Mr. Vanatta plans to build a garage at the rear of the station.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, October 16, 1934]

LEASES MEAT MARKET
Mr. and Mrs. Dale Bibler of Fulton have leased the meat market there belonging to Mr. and Mrs. J. V. Stout and took possession Monday morning. Mr. and Mrs. Stout who are both in poor health moved their household goods to their property in Logansport, Monday morning.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 15, 1935]

FULTON BAKERY OPENS
The Fulton Bakery which has been closed for several months will open for business Saturday. C. A. Hughes and C. A. Schoob of Indianapolis are the new proprietors. They have had twenty years of experience in the bakery business.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 25, 1935]

CAFE IS CLOSED
Mr. and Mrs. Cecil Martin, who have operated the Martin Cafe in Fulton for the past year, have closed the place of business. Mr. and Mrs. Martin and their daughter have moved to their farm near Grass Creek.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 7, 1935]

RE-OPEN FULTON CAFE
Mr. and Mrs. John Rickel, Tippecanoe, have bought the Martin Cafe at Fulton from Cecil Martin. They have leased a room three doors south of the Fulton postoffice, in which to operate the cafe. Mr. Martin has moved to his farm near Grass Creek.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, April 3, 1935]

OPENS NEW GARAGE
Earl Louderback and Carmen Spencer, who have operated the Square Deal Garage on South Main street in Fulton for several months have dissolved partnership and Mr. Louderback has built a garage at his home just across the street from the place formerly operated, where he will do all kinds of repair work. Mr. Spencer has not announced his future plans.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 9, 1935]

BARBER SHOP OPENED
Tom Sheller of Elkhart has taken over the management of the Ward Barber Shop at Fulton. He reopened the shop Tuesday. The name has been changed to Tom's Barber Shop.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 2, 1935]

SELLS EQUIPMENT
Dale Bibler, of Fulton, and a former resident of Kewanna has purchased the meat market equipment in a store located at Kewanna from Woodson Nelson and has moved the equipment to Fulton.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 9, 1936]

OPENS GARAGE
Dwight Rouch of Fulton will re-open the South End Garage there the latter part of this week, formerly operated by Wesley Kennedy, who moved to near Knox several days ago. Mr. Rouch has purchased new equipment. He will handle tires, gas, oils, and accessories and sell Chevrolet cars. Mr. Rouch has been employed in the Grable Garage at Twelve Mile for the past few years.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, March 31, 1936]

NEW FUNERAL COACH
Ditmire and Company of Fulton has purchased a new and very beautiful Packard funeral coach from an Indianapolis company.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 28, 1936]

CLOSES STORE
Ed Leavell, who has operated a grocery and meat market in Fulton for a number of years, closed the doors of the establishment Saturday night, and will discontinue active labors for some time.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 29, 1936]

FULTON OUT OF DEBT
The town of Fulton is now out of debt. At the last meeting of the Fulton town board, the payment of the last $1,000 bond for paving of Road 25 through that city, was ordered made. The town bonded itself for $8,000 at the time the road was hard-surfaced.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 23, 1936]

PURCHASED BUILDING
Lowell Ewer, Fulton, has purchased a building on Main street in Fulton from the heirs of the late Charles White in which to house his chick hatchery. Mr. Ewer plans to re-establish his hatchery which burned to the ground last spring. He has purchased three new incubators.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, September 9, 1936]

STATION SOLD
Merritt Garner, of Argos, has purchased the Diamond Filling Station at Fulton of Ernest Eytcheson and took possession Monday evening. Mr. Eytcheson will devote his time to farming, as he lives on a farm southeast of Fulton and he also drives a school bus at Fulton.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, October 21, 1936]

RE-OPENS TIN SHOP
Earl Mills of Fulton, whose roof and tin shop with all contents were destroyed by fire on November 19, is re-opening a shop in the cement block building next door to his building that was destroyed. This building was formerly used for the Fulton bakery and is owned by Mrs. Jess Rouch of Kewanna.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, December 10, 1936]

TAKES OVER STATION
Alva Rans has taken over the management of the Gulf Oil Company station at Fulton succeeding Willis Green, who has resigned. Glen Berry will operate the station for Mr. Rans, who is the owner of a barber shop in the building adjoining the station.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 4, 1937]

MODERN FIRE FIGHTING APPARATUS IS PURCHASED
John A. Dawald, trustee of Liberty township and the members of his advisory board, Newton Clemans, Clyde Champ and Elza Olmstead, have purchased modern fire fighting equipment for use in Fulton and Liberty township.
The above named men with the members of the Fulton town board composed of Ralph Ditmire, Harry McCarter, Vern Zartman and Fred Blackketter with Earl Mills, fire chief, met in the Fulton State Bank Monday night where they opened bids for the new fire fighting equipment.
The men voted to purchase a Dodge chassis of D. G. Fultz of this city and the fire fighting apparatus of the Stutz Company of Hartford City. The chassis will be driven to Hartford City where the fire equipment will be mounted on it.
The total cost of the new equipment which will completely modernize the Fulton Fire Department will be $4,100.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 17, 1937]

NEW MANAGER
Merritt Gasrner, who has been manager of the Diamond filling station in Fulton for the past five and half months, has sold the establishment to Donald Sutton of Fulton, who took possession last Saturday. Mr. Garner and family will return to Argos, their former home, to reside.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 6, 1937]

CONTRACT LET AT FULTON
The bid for the hard surfacing of the side streets of Fulton was let Wednesday by the members of the town board. The bid went to Louis Dehmer of Indianapolis for forty-four hundred and six dollars. The work will be started this coming week.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, August 7, 1937]

SAWMILL IN FULTON
Osa Gearhart has rented the old baseball field of Bob Matthews where he has put his sawmill. He intends to work entirely from this location instead of moving his mill, as in the past.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, November 18, 1937]

BUS STATION MOVED
Arrangement was made today by officials of the Indiana Motor Bus Company that a change had been made in the location of the company's bus station in Fulton. The station has been moved from the R.A.K. Lunch Room to the Campbell Service Station and Cafe, owned by Hugh Campbell. The Campbell service station is located in the center of the business district of Fulton and is on the east side of Road 25 opposite the postoffice and the Fulton State Bank.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 3, 1937]

FULTON STORE SOLD
The meat market and grocery, owned by Mr. And Mrs. Dale Bibler of Fulton, was sold last week to George H. Goetz of North Judson who took possession the first of this week. Troy Miller, who has been employed as clerk for the Biblers, will be retained by Mr. Goetz.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 5, 1938]

TWO BUSINESS CHANGES
Two business changes have occurred at Fulton during the past week. Mr. And Mrs. Harry Frymire have sold the Fulton Coffee Shop to Winnie Wales of Mexico and Mr. And Mrs. Frank Austin of Burlington have announced that they will open a Regal System Grocery in the room on North Main street, formerly occupied by Virgil Baker. A three day formal opening of the new Regal Store is now being held.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 7, 1938]

RECEIVER SELLS STORES AT BOURBON AND FULTON
Boyd Peterson, who was named receiver of the three stores operated by Cloud & Sons in Bourbon, Fulton and Rochester, announced today that he had sold the stores at Fulton and Bourbon.
Ray Babcock who operates a grocery store at Fulton bought the stock of groceries in the Fulton store and A. Stewart of Chicago the dry goods.
John Molebash andJames Shere purchased the grocery and meat department of the Bourbon store. The purchasers formerly operated the store at Bourbon and sold to the Clouds.
Mr. Peterson is seeking a buyer for the stock of linoleum and other goods carried in the Bourbon store. The Rocheste store was sold to R. Kondor, South Bend, who had the formal opening of the establishment today.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, July 9, 1938]

BARBER SHOP SOLD
Roy Hill who has been affiliated with his brother Bob Hill in a barber shop in Rochester yesterday purchased a tonsorial parlor in Fulton from Alva Rans and will continue the shop in operation.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, August 6, 1938]

WILES CAFE SOLD
The Wiles Cafe in Fulton was sold Tuesday by W. W. Wiles to Ray Middleton who has taken possession and will continue the place in operation. Mr. Wiles has accepted a position with a firm in Kokomo.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 5 , 1939]
BUYS INTEREST
Announcement ws made today that Roy Hill who operated a tonsorial parlor in Fulton for some time has purchased a half interestin Bob's Barber Shop at the corner of Fifth and Main streets of his brother, Bob Hill. Roy Hill will be associated with his brother in conducting the shop.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 2, 1939]

FULTON CAFE LEASED
Mr. and Mrs. Jake Smith of Fulton have leased the Fulton Coffee Shop belonging to W. H. Heminger of Fulton and will take possession Monday morning.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, April 22, 1939]

FULTON REGAL STORE
Mr. and Mrs. Delbert Jordan of Delong took over the management of the Regal Store in Fulton Monday. The store has been operated for some time by Mr. and Mrs. Frank Austin of Burlington. Mr. and Mrs. Jordan formerly owned and operated a store in Delong.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 7, 1940]

STORE CLOSED
The A. & O. Regal Store at Fulton was closed Wednesday after bankruptcy proceedings had been filed in the Cass circuit court at Logansport. Attorney Keith Campbell, of Logansport, was named receiver. Up until four weeks ago the store was owned and operated by Frank Austin of Burlington. He traded the store to George Miller, a farmer of near Logansport. Since that time Miller has operated the store.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 7, 1940]

MOTION PICTURES
The business men of Fulton will sponsor free motion pictures again this summer. They will be staged on the Fulton school grounds with the first presentation May 4th.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 23, 1940]

BUYS ROOM AT FULTON
Mr. and Mrs. Harry McCarter who operate a grocery and dry goods store inFulton have purchased a cement block store bilding in Fulton from A. A. Gast and will move their store into it. The Gast room was occupied for a number of years by Cloud & Son.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 12, 1940]

FULTON GROCERY SOLD
Mr. and Mrs. Francis Carithers of Fulton have purchased the meat market and grocery on North Main street, Fulton, from Clarence Settlemyre, Logansport. Woodrow Mockerman will retain his position as manager of the store.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 24, 1941]

BUYS BARBER SHOP
Robert Mills, formerly employed at the Wall Street Barber Shop here, has purchased the Raleigh Bailey barber shop in Fulton and took posses

BANK BUILDING SOLD
The two-story, brick building in Fulton, occupied by the Fulton Farmers and Merchants bank, was yesterday sold to Mr. and Mrs. M. Nyfong, of Goshen. The Indiana Department of Financial Institutions formerly owned the building. The bank is to remain in the structure.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, November 27, 1941]

SELLS FULTON STATION
Chauncey Dice recently sold his Zingo service station, north of Fulton on State Road 25 to his brother, Glen Dice, who has taken possession. C. Dice and family are to move onto their recently purchased farm in the Mt. Zion community.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1941]

FULTON TOWN COUNCIL BUYS NEW CITY BUILDING
The Fulton Town Council has purchased the Dean Neff building on the corner of Main and Brown streets in Fulton to use as a city building. The building formerly occupied by a garage and service station, when redecorated, will house the Fulton fire trucks and the city offices.
Possession will be given the city July 1st. Fulton Council members are Allen Sherman, Dwight Rouch, and Dr. C. A. Doud.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, June 19, 1942]

LIONS TO RECEIVE CHARTER
Fulton's newly organized Lions Club will receive its charter Friday evening. Clubs throughout the district will be present at a banquet held in the basement of the Baptist Temple.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, April 9, 1943]

HAMMOND MAN BUYS FULTON GROCERY
Fred H. Moore today announced the sale of the Ray Babcock grocery and building at Fulton to operator of stores in Hammond for over 20 years. [sic]
Mr. Langer took possession of and with Mrs. Langer will reside in Fulton. [sic] The business was operated by the late Ray Babcock for many years.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, November 16, 1945]

FULTON AVENUE GREENHOUSE [Rochester, Indiana]
BUYS GREENHOUSE
Albert Brown, of Wakarusa, Ind., today announced the sale of his greenouse on North Fulton avenue, to Benjamin Nutt of Mexico, Ind. The new owner, who has had long experience as a horticlturist, plans to reopen the greenhouse at an early date.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 29, 1944]

FULTON BAND [Fulton, Indiana]

FULTON CIRCUIT COURT [Fulton County]
See Fulton County Courts
See Chipman, Albert
__________

ALL BY OURSELVES
A petition signed by all the members of the Fulton county Bar and court officers has been forwarded to Senator Stephenson and Representative Baker asking them to introduce a bill to divide the Marshall and Fulton Circuit Court circuit into two Judicial circuits. In substance, the petition says:
To the General Assembly of the State of Indiana.
We, the undersigned members of the Bar of the Fulton Circuit Court of Fulton county, Indiana, and the officers of said Court, do now respectfully petition and ask that the 41st Judicial Circuit of said State to be divided and made into two circuits, each of the counties to constitute a separate circuit.
Your petitioners, also call attention to the fact that said Circuit was created nearly thirty years, ago; that the poopulation of each of said counties has increased considerably since that date, and that the volume of the business in each of said courts, civil, criminal and probate, has greatly increased, so that the intrests of the public call for such change.
If such a bill would pass both Marshall and Fulton counties would be greatly benefitted, say those interested in the change. Delayed litigation would be greatly relieved, we would have our own Judge and Prosecutor available for our people at all times, and the slightly increased costs of two circuits, instead of one be counter balanced in the prompt dispatch of court business which is not now possible with so much to do in the large and growing business of the present large circuit.
It is said that both of Fulton county's members of the Legislature and both of Marshall's are favorable to such a change, and unless there is objection by outside "butting in" the bill will easily go through.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 24, 1905]

NEW FULTON COURT REPORTER
O. E. Swinehart, formerly of this city but now residing in Plymouth, has been appointed reporter in the Fulton circuit court and began his duties there Monday. Mr. Swinehart takes the place of C. K. Bitters, who has held the position of court reporter in the Fulton circuit court for the past thirty years and who has now retired. Through his appointment here Mr. Swinehart now holds that position in the Marshall county court also, and between the two his time will be pretty well taken up. He is a Rochester boy, well qualified for the position and his many friends will be glad to learn of his success.
[Rochester Sentinal, Tuesday, June 11, 1912]

IMPORTANT CHANGE IS MADE IN COURT ROOM
While such an undertaking had been considered for the past 20 years or more, nothing had ever been done in the matter until upon advice of Judge R. R. Carr, the county commissioners decided to re-arrange the circuit court room, working [sic] having been started Monday morning in preparation for the opening of the fall term of court. The bench, which has been located on the west side of the room, the coolest in the winter and the warmest in the summer, with the bar so situated that the attorneys were forced to face the strong, west afternoon light, will be moved to the north side of the room, with the bar running east and west instead of north and south. The jurors box will also be shifted from the west to the east side of the room and the spectators will sit facing the south. This brings the light from the left, which is considered a big improvement. Another change will be an aisle along the west side of the room giving access from the bench to the rear stairway to the clerk's office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 15, 1921]

ACT TO DIVIDE THE MARSHALL-FULTON CIRCUIT APPROVED
Indianapolis, Jan. 25. (INS) -- The senate today passed five bills while seven house bills were assigned to the senate committees.
Bills passed were for separating the joint circuit court of Marshall and Fulton counties creating the 72nd Circuit in Marshall County, by Senator L. G. Bradford, rep. of South Bend.
Sen Bradford presented statistics showing 1,497 pending cases in the Marshall-Fulton Circuit and the bill passed 30 to 15 vote. . . . .
The bill to separate the joint circuit court of Marshall and Fulton Counties having passed the senate will now go to the house to be acted upon by that body. So far as known there has been no opposition expressed by members of the lower house to the bill and it is thought it will pass that body without much trouble. . . .
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, January 25, 1927]

Governor Ed Jackson late this afternoon signed the bill dividing the 41st Judicial District composed of Marshall and Fulton counties into two separate county districts each to have a circuit court of their own. There was much opposition to the bill by some persons although the measure passed both the senate and the house with large majorities. Representative Charles Jones voted against the measure. Attorney Selden Brown this afternoon received a telephone call from Howard DuBois who has been in Indianapolis, stating that Governor Jackson had affixed his signature to the court bill.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, February 21, 1927]

NEW FULTON COURT COMES INTO BEING
The old 41st Judicial district of Indiana composed of Marshall and Fulton counties was at noon Monday divided into two separate county circuit courts when Governor Ed Jackson declared the 194 acts passed by the last general assembly of Indiana in effect. One of the new acts which divided the 41st Judicial District into two separate units.
Attorney Albert Chipman of Plymouth formerly of Akron who was appointed judge of the Marshall county circuit court by Gov. Ed Jackson several weeks ago went to Indianapolis today where he personally received his commission from the state's highest officer. He was accompanied to the state capitol by Attorneys Howard DuBois and Selden J. Brown.
Judge R. R. Carr now of the Fulton circuit court, this afternoon made an entry in the bar docket ordering all members of the local bar association to meet with him at 9 o'clock Wednesday morning at which time he would set down cases now pending for trial. The present term of court which will be known as the April one, will go into session immediately.
Judge Carr then made the appointments for the Fulton circuit court. Miss Irene Whitehead of Logansport, who has had many years experience as a reporter, was named as court reporter and William Rannells as court bailiff. Judge Carr at the present time will not appoint a riding bailiff, which office has in the past been filled by William Huffman.
The division of the Forty-First Judicial District came after many years of effort by lawyers of both the Fulton and Marshall county bar associations who believed that there was sufficient cause for an all time court in both counties. A bill was then introduced in the last legislature dividing the district which was passed and became effective with the governor's proclamation, Monday.
Under the terms of the new act the Fulton circuit court retains the number of the former district Forty-one and the Marshall circuit court will in the future be known as the seventy-second judicial district of the State of Indiana.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, May 17, 1927]

FULTON CITIZENS BAND [Fulton, Indiana]
Existed in Fulton from 1883 to 1915.

FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL & MECHANICAL SOCIETY [Fulton County]
Cyrus Horn Robbins promoted and became president of the Fulton County Agricultural and Mechanical Society which organized the county fair in 1853.
[Daniel Robbins Family Ervan Mark Robbins, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

The Board of Directors for the Fulton County Agricultural and Horticultural Society met on last Saturday at the Court House. William Mackey, D. R. Pershing and H. W. Mann were elected Executive Committee for the ensuing year.. . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 22, 1859]

Officers of the Society: President, William Mackey; Vice President, William McMahan; Secretary, D. R. Pershing; Treasurer, Nathan Shields; Chief Marshal, Milton L. Miner; 1st Assistant Marshal, L. M. Montgomery; 2d Assistant Marshal, B. F. Porter; Superintendent of Hall, R. R. Smith; Ring Master, G. P. Anderson; Board of Directors, William Mackey, William McMahan, D. R. Pershing, Jesse Shields, Wm. P. Ball, of Henry, C. Montgomery, of Newcastle, Emsly Lopp, of Aubbeenaubbee, James W. Ball, of Union, Moore Ralstin, of Richland, H. W. Mann, of Rochester, R. T. Beatty, of Wayne, John G. Oliver, of Liberty.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 19, 1859]

Agricultural Notice. Notice is hereby given that the annual meeting of the Society for the election of officers and for the transaction of other important business, will be held at the Court House in Rochester, on Saturday, the 28th day of December, 1861, at one o'clock p.m. A. J. Holmes, Secy. Rochester, Dec. 12, 1861.
[Rochester Mercuty, Thursday, December 12, 1861]

Fulton County Agricultural Society set for Oct. 16 and 17, 1863. Officers: Pres., H. W. Mann; Vice-President, Daniel Van Trump; Secy, A. J. Holmes; Treas., Jesse Shields; Board of Directors: Simon Wheeler, Wayne; Henry P. Bennett, Union; Jas. R. Dales Aubbee; James Martin, Liberty; Wm. McMahan, Rochester; Wm. Dudgeon, Richland; Henry Hoover, Sr., Henry; C. Montgomery, New Castle; Exed. Committee: L. J. Brown, Wm. McMahan, Wm. P. Ball and H. W. Mann. [premium list . . .]
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 27, 1863]

Agricultural Notice. The Annual Election of Officers was held last Saturday, and resulted in the choice of the following: President, D. Van Trump. Vice President, C. H. Robbins. Secretary, Theo. P. Reid. Treasurer, C. J. Stradley. Executive Committee, John Pence, A. J. Holmes and Stephen Davidson.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, December 24, 1863]

Agricultural Society At the annual meeting of this society, held on Saturday last, it was resolved to continue the organization and the following officers were elcted: President, John Pence; Vice President, Wm. Mackey; Secretary, Dan Agnew; Treasurer, Stephen Davidson.
The members have formed a stock company, with a view of purchasing suitable Fair Grounds . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 2, 1868]
See Fulton County Fairgrounds

FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY [Fulton County]
The stockholders of the Fulton County Agricultural society elected as directors, John Costello, I. B. Calvin, Alf Ginther, George W. Miller, Lucien Savage, S. S. Hoffman, Arch Stinson, Fred Cornelius, John McClung and Julius Rowley.
And after the election of these directors, organization was effected after quite a spirited contest for the presidency. Arch Stinson, who has been president for four years, John Costello and Julius Rowley were candidates and it took seventeen ballots to settle it. But Stinson won and then, by acclamation, Miller was elected, vice president, Fred Corneliu, secretary, and A. T. Bitters, treasurer. - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 4, 1905]

FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION ASSN. [Fulton County]
See: REMC

FULTON COUNTY AUDITORS OFFICE [Rochester, Indiana]
From the Auditor's Books . . . value of cash stock of goods:
DRY GOODS AND CLOTHING: H. W. & A. D. Cornelius, $2,300; F. B. Ernsperger, $2,775; Henry Gray, $1,065; Louis Feder, $1,500; D. S. Gould, $2,500; G. Holzman, $1,110; I. W. Holeman, $2,300; D. W. Lyon, $1,425; B. S. Lyon, $1,465; Charles J. Stradley, $690; Jesse Shields, $5,170; G. W. Truslow & Co., $1,500; Wallace & Chapin, $3,000.
GROCERY STORES: E. B. Chinn & Co., $600; J. F. Fromm, $1,100.
HARDWARE STORES: Ernsperger & Lyon, $1,500; Mercer & Shepherd, $4,400.
DRUG STORES: C. A. Henderson, $2,600; Plank & Dawson, $2,900; M. Danziger, $750. . . on the 1st day of January, 1868. . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 9, 1868]

FULTON COUNTY AUTO LICENSE BRANCH [Rochester, Indiana]
WADE JARRETT BUILDING LEASED BY MOOSE LODGE
At a meeting held this afternoon by the building committee of the local Manitou chapter of the Moose lodge, it was decided to lease from Wade Jarrett his building at 124 East Eighth street, now occpied by Haskett and Jones Insurance Agency and the Fulton County Auto License Branch, for use as new lodge clubrooms.
Tom Marshall, governor of the local lodge, stated that remodeling will begin on the building as soon as possible. The rooms are to be redecorated, and will take care of the rapidly-expanding Moose membership list, largest in the lodge's history.
Members are still being enrolled in the lodge, Marshall said, and the acquiring of new clubrooms is expected to greatly increase our present enrollment.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, October 14, 1941]

FULTON COUNTY BANK [Rochester, Indiana]
The FULTON COUNTY BANK does a Gen'l Banking Business. Commercial Paper Bought and Sold. Deposits received. Money loaned on long or short terms at low rates. All business transacted promptly and accurately. A. W. HOLEMAN, Cashier.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 23, 1889]

NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION
The partnership between Milo R. Smith and Harry Bernetha is this day, by mutual consent, dissolved. Milo R. Smith will remain in business at the old office, Harry Bernetha will occupy a room over the Fulton county Bank. MILO R. SMITH, HARRY BERNETHA.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 25, 1893]

FULTON COUNTY BAR [Fulton County]
HAS COPY OF BAR DOCKET PUBLISHED HERE IN 1869
Melvin True today brought into the SENTINEL office a copy of the bar docket of the court of common pleas of Fulton county, dated January term 1869. Not one of the attorneys or the officers of the court mentioned are living at present. Among the attorneys on the list are, D. Turpie, L. Chamberlain, K. G. Shryock, Ed Calkins and M. L. Essick. T. C. Whiteside was judge at that time, Levi Montgomery, sheriff and Vernon Gould, clerk.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 23, 1915]

FULTON COUNTY BOTTLING WORKS [Rochester, Indiana]
SELLS OUT
Calvin Spurlock has sold the Fulton county bottling works on North Main St., to George Fear of Culver, who will take possession next week. Mr. Fear will move to Rochester with his family.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 18, 1917]

BUY BOTTLING WORKS
The Goss and Zolman Ice Cream factory purchased of Geo. N. Fear, Wednesday, the Fulton County Bottling works and will operate same in connection with their dairy and factory.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 2, 1917]

FULTON COUNTY CHORUS [Rochester, Indiana]
Directed by Margaret (Bailey) Shafer for 36 years.

FULTON COUNTY CLUBS [Fulton County]
Histories of Home Economics Clubs of Fulton County
REITER COMMUNITY CLUB
In January of 1925, four one room schools, "Oak Grove", "Orr", "Antioch" and "Screech Owl", were combined and sent to Reiter, a new consolidated school building, which had been built in the center of these communities. Because this act brought together people who had never before had much in common, the women began to see the need of an organized federation of some sort, through which they might work together for community betterment and organized social activities.
A meeting was called in January, 1929 of all the mothers of the school and was attended by nine women who organized the "Mother's Club". The membership has gradually increased until at the present time the enrollment has reached the number of 44. Shortly after the organization of the club the name was changed to "Reiter Community Club".
During the five years of its existence the club has been a member of the County Federation of Clubs, and has sent leaders each year to the Purdue home project classes, has helped to sponsor the annual fall agricultural exhibit, provided clothing for needy children and helped to put over many other projects the school has undertaken.
The club also sponsored the Reiter 4-H Club each year and when Red Cross material was available the Reiter Community Club made and gave 253 new garments to the needy. The club meets on the second Tuesday of each month and besides attending to the business a committee arranges entertainment and a social hour.
MT. HOPE LADIES AID CLUB
The Mt. Hope Ladies Aid Club was organized in 1910 with a charter membership of 14; at the present its roll records 31 names of active members. It was decided at the first that this organization should be an aid society rather than a social club, but a close scrutiny of its doings reveals a combination of both, however the name aid has stayed with it and the club has proven itself worthy of the name. A business and social meeting is held once a month in one of the members' homes.
The society is interested in the welfare of the community to the extent of aiding poor families of the community, influencing and bringing schools and teachers in the development and planning of the home into the community and in aiding the church in every respect. For example the aid has paid more than $1,000 on the debt of the new church in the past few years. The work of the aid consist of markets, suppers, dues are collected, sewing and quilting and numbers of odd jobs are done by the members. It seems that during the past years of depression the aid has done its best work due to the initiative of its members.
MT. ZION COMMUNITY CLUB
The Mt. Zion Community Club had its beginning many years ago. A small band of women formed an aid society to help with the expense of the Mt. Zion Church, which was located about six miles southeast of Rochester. At that time the Mt. Zion Church, the school and the mill formed the center of a prosperous little community. For a long time this small group of women, known as the Mt. Zion Aid Society, worked for their church. Twelve years ago the church members united with the Presbyterian Church in Rochester and the old church has recently been torn down.
Approximately four years ago it was decided to form a home economics group so the women of the community could obtain help in making their homes more beautiful and their families more comfortable in the most economical way. The old name was not suitable for the newer organization and since the majority of the members were in he Mt. Zion community, it was decided to change the name to the Mt. Zion Community Club.
The club has extended "Good Will" to the needy, such as comforts, food and clothing. Practical lessons are given such as nursing, cake-making, sewing, paper flower making and many others. The motto of the club is "Let us live and love and help each other while we may."
FULTON HOME ECONOMICS CLUB
The Fulton Home Economics Club was organized in February, 1926 with an enrollment of thirty members.The club became a member of the County Federation of Clubs in 1926.
This club carries on such projects and studies as may be helpful in the home and community. They sponsored the work of the 4-H Club girls until the girls became advanced in the work and were able to carry on without adult instruction. The club has taken an active work in the county federation of clubs since becoming a member of the organization, helping carry out the county projects. They have also been active in helping in the community charity and Red Cross work. The purpose of the club is "To help each other, make better homes, to help create a good community spirit and to have more joy in living."
Officers of the club this year are president, Mrs. W. E. Redmond; vice president, Mrs. Amy Studebaker; secretary-treasurer, Mrs. Hazel Buckingham. Project leaders are Mrs. Mable Rannells and Mrs. Deo Rannells.
MT. ZION CLUB
The Mt. Zion Club was organized in the summer of 1918 and was the first of its kind in Fulton county. The club, which was organized during the world war, was first known as the Mt. Zion Food Club. It was formed for the purpose of aiding the government in any way possible. The ladies spent much time in making sheets, pillowcases, etc., for the hospitals and knitting sweaters for the soldiers.
Later the name of the club was changed to the Mt. Zion Red Cross Club and then the Red Cross was dropped and just the Mt. Zion was used.
The club was federated in 1920. The club has donated to every good cause, helped needy families, sewed for charity and cheered the sick and shut-ins with flowers.
PLEASANT VALLEY COMMUNITY CLUB
The Pleasant Valley Community Club was organized in 1925 with fifteen members, as a social club, but since has taken up the home economics lessons. Twenty ladies now brlong to the club.
Meetings are held once a month and an interesting lesson is given by some member, contests and different kinds of entertainment are enjoyed. Charity work is done by the club, such as helping needy families, Red Cross work, buying Christmas seals and Poppy Day contributions.
A guest day is held once a year and the husbands and families of the club members are entertained at an all day picnic. The club is county federated.
THE NEW IDEA CLUB
The Purdue Home Economics Club of Aubbeenaubbee Township was organized in March, 1926 and that year attained a membership of 19. Fourteen of these ladies are still members of the New Idea Club. The membership today totals 51.
The New Idea Club joined the state and county federation in January, 1928. The club has always felt that charity should begin at home, and helped to equip a hospital room in the school at Leiters Ford. Donations of canned goods, linens and kitchen utensils were given two homes which burned in the vicinity. The constitution was formed in 1930 and the first yearly programs were made. Up until this time most of the meetings were held at the school house or church. Any woman or girl of Aubbeenaubbee Township is eligible to become a member of the club.
WAYNE PROGRESSIVE CLUB
The Wayne Progressive Club, which was first called "The Wayne Township Home Economics Club No. 2" was organized in January, 1928, with thirteen members. The club now has twenty members, ten of them being charter members. The work of the home economics extension division is given in the club.
The club is made up of rural women who meet once a month in the homes of the members to enjoy a social time, quilting or the making of home accessories. The club is interested in relief work and has donated food and clothing to the needy.
The Wayne Progressive Club has been county federated for the past two years. In 1934 the Wayne Progressive Club and the Wayne Township Home Economics Club No. 2, entertained the County Federation of Clubs.
WHAT-NOT CLUB
In April, 1930, a small group of women met at the home of Mrs. Clyde Mow to organize a club for the purpose of taking the extension course of home economics offered by Purdue University. The club started with a charter membership of six and now has seventeen members.
The meetings are held every month with business meeting and roll call always answered with some topic that is of interest to all members. Full time is always allowed the leaders for the lesson.
The August meeting is always a picnic with their families as guests. A Christmas party is held each year in December. The name, "What-Not" was chosen because it covered all the different topics which were used in the years work.
WORTH WHILE CLUB
The Worth While Club first came into being in 1929, being organized by farm women. The members decided to join the Universal Federation, and money was earned by the members on different projects and the club joined the federation in 1930. In 1931 the club sponsored a clinic for the neighborhood, which was well attended and one of the largest in this part of the state. The club contributes to the sale of poppies, Red Cross seals, and othe charities.
The officers for the year 1935 are: president, Mrs. Elizabeth Lough; vice-president, Mrs. Carrie Myers; secretary-treasurer, Miss Fayette Busch; project leaders, Miss Alice Lebo and Mrs. Elnora Kimble.
GOOD-E-NUFF CLUB
The Good-E-Nuff Club was organized January 26, 1933 with ten charter members. The object of the club is to carry on a real kindness and friendliness to the fellowmen. The project lessons are used and the members of the club do sewing and help in a financial way in charity needs.
In the summer the club meets twice a month, but in the winter once a month.
I-GO-U-GO CLUB
The I-Go-U-Go Home Economics Club of Henry Township was organized in 1932. During its life the club has been very active, the principal achievement being relief work among the needy school children. The Purdue Home Economics lessons are studied and the club has donated rags, comforters and made over clothing to the needy.
HOMEMAKERS CLUB
Thirty women of the Burton Community are members of the Homemakers Club of Burton. This is a very active club, having presented numerous plays. A feature of the year is the drawing of a name for each member's "Sunshine Friend." At the end of the year the members tell who their Sunshine Friend was. The club has taken numerous trips to Chicago and to the Indiana State Fair.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

ROCHESTER CHAPTER IS A MEMBER NAT'L. SORORITY
The Gamma Iota Chapter of Kappa Delta Phi sorority is one of the many chapters organized in 14 states of the United States. This national sorority was incorporated November 4, 1925, in Louisville, Kentucky and acknowledges its inception to the members of the Phi Delta Kappa fraternity.
Gamma Iota Chapter was installed June 3, 1928 at Rochester by the Gamma Delta Chapter of Indianapolis. It started with a membership of ten girls and had as its first president Mrs. Henry Reynolds, the former Olivene Kumler. The chapter now has a membership of twenty-one active and five inactive members. The president for the year 1934 was Mrs. Ayrton Howard and the president for 1935 is Miss Kathleen Mullican.
The objectives of the sorority are: To teach sisterly love; Loyalty to God, to country and to Kappa Delta Phi Sublimity of Ideals and affections; Intellectual and Cultural Development; To Spread Good Cheer; To be a Social Influence in the community; To be a Civic Service to the community; To Honor and Perpetuate the Glories of American Womanhood.
The National Organization is also helping to promote World Peace. The charity work done by this local organization has been: Donations to local Community Chest; Christmas baskets for poor; New and Used clothes for needy and toys for kiddies at Christmas. This Chapter is also a member of the Rochester Recreation Association.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

TRI KAPPA SORORITY ACTIVE IN THIS STATE
Tri Kappa is a state organization founded February 22nd, 1901 in Indiana and belonging essentially to it, with charity as its chief purpose. Beryl Showers Holland and eight other girls met together and organized the fraternity while attending Mrs. May Wright Sewell's classical school at Indianapolis.
Tri Kappa activities have extended, and it may be said there are four branches of the work, social, civil, charitable and scholarship with the desire to stress especially the charitable and scholarship branches. Tri Kappas decided to undertake a practical benevolence by paying the expenses of a worthy young girl in an Indiana college for one year. Each chapter, there being 119, contributes twenty-five dollars to the state fraternity for this purpose. In addition there is a fund of nearly one thousand dollars available for girls desiring to attend art school. Ninety-five percent of the chapters in the state are supporting scholarships of their oen, payable within a limited time so other worthy girls may have an equal opportunity.
Other than scholarships, the Tri Kappas have contributed to the Riley Hospital, Memorial Fund Indiana University, State Sanitarium at Rockville. The total expenditures to carry out the Tri Kappa objectives, have been $50,000 for the year of 1933-34.
A charter was issued to Rochester on May 6 1937, charter members being Lois Mudgett, Louise Taylor, Mary Barr, Louise Barnhart, Edith Ruh, Cleo Taylor, Margaret Pyle, Lucy Zaring, Clara Mae Wright, Avis Brown, Mildred Martin, Mildred Myer, Madge Allison, Myra Smith, Annabelle Belding, Kathleen Kinnaman and Claudia Stevenson.
The Rochester fraternity has contributed to every charitable organization in our city and have supported fifteen scholarships. The Tri Kappas have given a Christmas party every year for the needy children.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

S. & E. DEPARTMENT OF FARM BUREAU
The Social and Educational department of the Indiana Farm Bureau was organized approximately seven years ago under the leadership of Mrs. Verna Hatch. The state was then divided into 10 districts with a leader in charge of each. Later the counties were organized with a leader in each. At the present time Mrs. Charles Sewell of Otterbein, Indiana is the state leader, and Mrs. Alice Womacks of Valparaiso is the district leader. Fulton County was organized under the leadership of Mrs. John McKinney, Jr., later Mrs. Ora Horn, Mrs. E. H. Boyd and at the present time Bessie Riddle is acting as the leader.
The requirements of the department is to work out the projects which are planned each year by the state department. The projects for 1934 were Dramatic tournaments, Community Choruses, Poster and Slogan Contests, Gertrude A. Modlin Memorial Loan Fund, Farm Bureau Flag, Quarterlies, Bands and Orchestras. These projects when worked out will meet the requirements of a standard township.
The purpose of the Social and Educational Department is to interest, inspire and enlist every farm family in co-operative endeavor to secure an adequate standard of living in the farm home, also to plan and arrange monthly meetings in the various townships. Community meetings are held to provide occasions where farm families may gather for discussions of their common interests, especially relative to the farm bureau services and projects.
S. & E. DEPT. OF RICHLAND TWP.
The first Farm Bureau meetings in Richland Township were held in 1917. A few years work on the part of the men in the leading of this program of education towards co-operation, convinced them that they were not making the correct approach so they cast about for some way of getting closer to the average farmer. The result was the establishment of the Social and Educational department in 1927, consisting of ten members, with Mrs. Clair Nellans elected as chairlady. Other leaders are Mrs. Clyde Mow, Mrs. Howard Anderson and Mrs. Leo Mow.
These leaders, with the co-operation of the entire community have been able to put on well balanced programs which have aided in increasing the membership to 67. The average attendance at the monthly meetings of the farm bureau have increased from 60 to 250.
Certain projects, required by the state, have been carried out in order to have a standard township. This year the organization contributed to the Gertrude E. Modlin fund, co-operated in the 4-H Club activities, aided in making the county Farm Bureau Flag, helped in membership drives, giving plays, and held a dramatic and community chorus contest, with other townships of the county which Richland Township won first in Dramatic and second in the chorus contest.
NEWCASTLE TWP. S. & E. DEPT.
In the year 1929, the farm bureau ladies of the Newcastle Township held what they called it then - an auxiliary meeting. Election of officers was held and it was decided to have a meeting every month at one of their homes.
In 1930, the state under the leadership of Mrs. Sewell adopted a plan whereby social and educational work should be taken up along with the Farm Bureau and also the auxiliary meetings.
This is why the department is called the S. & E. Department. It was through the co-operation of the S. & E. department that the farm bureau meetings have grown to be so large in attendance. Mrs. Verdie Brockey is the Newcastle Township S. & E. leader.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

NEIGHBORLY CLUB NEWEST CLUB IN COUNTY
The Neighborly Club is a new organization composed of the women on U.S. Road 31, north of the city limits of Rochester. For a long time the women residing in this vicinity felt they needed to be more neighborly. New families moved into the community and the older ones moved away until a few of the old timers began to realize they did not even know their neighbors' names.
The people of the community follow many different occupations and have diversified interests. And so after a period of time and planning, some of the interested women called on all other women in their immediate neighborhood and asked them to get together for the purpose of getting better acquainted.
At the meeting it was decided to form a new club called "The Neighborly Club". The purpose was to be better neighbors, to cheer the lonely, to help those who might be in distress and to be more social. Also in order to make the homes and home-life more lovely and enjoyable, a Home Economics group was organized to work along with the Neighborly Club. Mrs. Joe Osborn is the new president of the club.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

ROCHESTER WOMAN'S CLUB AN ACTIVE ORGANIZATION
The Woman's Club of Rochester, Indiana was organized in 1899. The purpose of this organization is the intellectual, aesthetic, philanthropic and social advancement of the members.
In 1900 the club was federated with the District and State. In 1910 it became affiliated with the General Federation and in 1917 with the County Federation. In 1930 it was universally federated. Several charter members of the Woman's Club are still living and are active members at the present time.
Through the period of 35 years many splendid programs with the best talent from nearby Universities have been given here. Most of these have been open to the public. A valuable picture of John Bundy and an encyclopedia were presented to the Public Library by the Woman's Club.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

MANITOU CHAPTER D.A.R. FOUNDED NINETEEN-EIGHT
This article of the Manitou Chapter No. 840, D.A.R., is part of a history of the Chapter from 1908 to 1933, written by Anna Estella Reiter.
In 1907 Miss Elizabeth Thomson was in Indianapolis and met Mrs. William Guthrie, State Regent of Indiana and was given permission to organize a D.A.R. chapter in Rochester. On the return of Miss Thomson to Rochester she was instrumental in interesting several ladies in the organizastion of a chapter and the work of looking up and establishing Revolutionary ancestry was started. Twenty-one ladies were able to qualify. The first meeting was held at the home of Mrs. W. A. Banta, Jefferson Street on October 14, 1908. Various business meetings were held and interesting programs were presented during the following years.
On November 24, 1918 a bronze tablet was unvelied by the Chapter on the site of the crossing of the two principal trails in Akron. The tablet was placed on the east side of the State Bank building in Akron, the location of the tablet being as near as possible to the actual crossing of the trails used by the Black Hawks, Miami and Pottawatomie tribes on journeys from the Miami Reserve and from Fort Wayne to Winamac.
On September 12, 1920 the chapter presented to Fulton County a bronze tablet dedicated to the Fulton County boys who gave their lives for their country in the World War.
TABLET AT CHIPPEWA-NUNG
During the summer of 1921 a marker was placed commemorative of the peace treaty between the Pottawatomies and General William Harrison in 1838. It was to mark the site of the village of Chippewa-Nung, 1836 and the exodus of the tribes from Indiana to the West that the Chapter had cast a suitable bronze tablet which was at this ceremony mounted on a giant boulder [which] was appropriately set near the present Michigan Road bridge over the Tippecanoe River, north of Rochester.
In the summer of 1928, Manitou Chapter was hostess to the District Convention. D.A.R. Manitou Chapter has aided several local girls to obtain higher education with the creation of a fund for such purpose. The White Elephant Sale was started in 1921 as a means of distributing articles of clothing, etc. For the next several years the Tri Kappa Sorority has collaborated with the chapter in the conducting of these annual sales which are held in May.
From a charter membership of twenty-one, the Chapter now has a roll of forty-three active members, while petitions of several others are now under consideration.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 21]

FULTON COUNTY COMMUNITY AUCTION [Rochester, Indiana]
There was a period of time when the Moores conducted the sales in the brick building on the SE corner of 5th & Main, the present location of Edmonton Mfg. Co. [501 Main]
See Rochester Sale Barn.
__________

REED FEED STORE IS TO BE OFFERED AT AUCTION
The feed store in the five hundred block on North Main street, operated for many years by the late Charles Reed, was sold today to the Fulton County Community Sales Company owned by Levi Moore.
The stock of goods in the Reed Store which includes over 1000 items will be offered for sale at public auction Saturday at the sales company's barn at the [SE] corner of Fifth and Main Streets.
In the items offered for sale will be feeds of various kinds, poultry remedies and all of the fixtures of the store including counters and scales.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, November 25, 1936]

Robert P. Moore became interested in auction sales. He and his brother Levi bought the Fulton County Community Auction sale barn in 1932, which they sold to Carl Newcomb in 1942. This building was located on W side of Fulton Avenue N or Erie Railroad, [just north of where I. Duffey & Sons Company operated a stockyard.]
For ten years, 1932-1942, Robert P. Moore owned the sale barn.
[Moore Family, Reba Moore Shore, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, by Shirley Willard.]

FULTON COUNTY COMMUNITY SALES [Rochester, Indiana]
LARGE NEW SALES BARN TO OPEN HERE SATURDAY
On Saturday, November 27th, The Fulton County Community Sales organization will open its spacious new sales barn, which is located in a ten-acre plot, directly north of the Chicago & Erie stockyards on North Fulton avenue. The sales organization was formerly located in the Brackett building, [SE] corner Main and 5th streets, this city.
The new structure is a one-story frame building, occupying a floor space of 50 by 128 feet, entirely enclosed and designed to give the sales customers an excellent view of the sales ring. The seating capacity will accommodate 500 people, while the sale ring itself occupies a space of 12 by 20 feet.
The Fulton County Community Sales was the first concern of its kind in the United States catering to the community sales of all kinds of livestock, household goods, etc. The community sales idea, according to Levi P. Moore, owner of the Fulton County Community Sales business, was first inaugurated in Fulton county by Thomas McMahan, of this city. Mr. McMahan not only conducted the assembling of the wares which were sold, but also did the auctioneering.
Robert P. Moore, former fieldman for the Chester White Journal and an experienced livestock man, is the manager of the Fulton Community Sales. An extraordinary large assortment of livestock has been secured for the opening event of the new sales barn, Saturday. The public is invited to inspect the new building which will be found to be a most decided improvement over former sales facilities in this community.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, November 24, 1937]

CARL NEWCOMB ACQUIRES FULTON CO. SALES BARN
In a deal consummuated Saturday afernoon, Robert P. (Bob) Moore announced the sale of the Fulton County Community Sales Barns to Carl Newcomb, well-known local farmer and stockman. Mr. Newcomb will, it is understood, take possession this week and will conduct his first sale on Saturday, Jan. 27.
The sales barn and yards at the Erie railroad and Fulton avenue, this city, are among the best known livestock markets in northern Indiana. They were built by Moore about 10 years ago, after he had assumed ownership from his brother, Levi P. Moore, nationally known hog man and secretary of the Chester White Record Association with offices in Rochester.
Bob Moore, also a breeder of Chester Whites and operator of Forest Farms, northwest of this city, will hold a dissolution sale in the near future, at which time he will dispose of all such holdings. He plans then, it is said, to devote full time to the sale of O.M.S. buttermilk feed products for which he is the state agent.
Mr. Newcomb is well-known in stock breeding and sales circles in Indiana, having been one of the largest buyers of horses, mules and other livestock in this section of the state.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 22, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS [Rochester, Indiana]
Hugh Miller was the first judge of this court, 1853-57.
See Fulton County Courts

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Gibson & Co., J. E.
__________

First court house, a frame residence, located 820 Main, W side of Main Street. The building was moved to 807 Monroe St., where the late Mr. & Mrs. Charles B. Keel resided.
M. Wile & Sons, department store was in business at 820 Main for many years.
__________

NOTICE TO ARCHITECTS
The Board of Commissioners of Fulton county, Indiana, will on the 8th day of January, 1895, consider all plans which may be submitted to them for the construction of a court house in the Public Square at Rochester, Ind. Said building to cost about seventy thousand dollars. Wm. H. Deniston, Auditor Fulton Co.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 14, 1894]

COUNTY OFFICES MUST GO
The county officers are all talking about the office moving they must soon engage in. Auditor Deniston was instructed by the commissioners to secure office and court room for the county during the tearing down of the old court house and the building of the new one and he has succeeded in securing some very convenient quarters.
The court room will move to Armory Hall which is located just across the street north of the public square. In the south end of this hall, at the landing of the stairway, are two rooms partitioned off by board screens and in these the Clerk and Sheriff will move their offices immediately after or just before the February term of the Circuit Court.
The Auditor and Recorder will take rooms over Feder & Silberberg's store and the Treasurer will be furnished quarters either in the Goss hardware store or the Collins wholesale grocery and he will move his office before the rush of spring taxes commences.
The Surveyor will be located with one of the other officers or with the County Assessor and the Commissioners will decide at their meeting next Tuesday when the old court house shall be vacated and this will have much to do with the time of moving the offices.
The indications are that there will be a swarm of architects present at the Commissioner's meeting next Tuesday, when they will meet to consider plans for the new court house. Deputy Auditor Myers says there have been about twenty-five inquiries concerning the size and proposed cost of the building and he expects nearly that many proposals of plans.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 4, 1895]

ALL TEN COURTHOUSE LIONS HAVE NAMES
While doing research in preparation for the Courthouse Centennial celebration Fulton County Circuit Court Recorder [sic] Donna Polley came across an interesting and apparently forgotten fact - all ten of the stone lions flanking the courthouse have names!
It seems that, in 1896, county citizens were upset about footing the bill for the lions, in additon to what was seen as the "enormous" cost ($175,000) of the courthouse itself. A newspaper clipping from the December 4, 1896 issue of the Rochester Sentinel reports that the lions were christened so that taxpayers "may become more familiar with their pets and be able to salute them by name as they pass to 'behold the grandeur' of the $175,000 unpaid for temple of injustice."
The large lion in front of the main (west) entrance was named "President of the Board" and the smaller lions on the right and left behind him were "Merrit" and "Henry".
The large whiskered lion at the north entrance was named "Major", while the two behind him were "Tom" (right) and "Moses" (left).
At the south entrance, the larger more ferocious looking lion was named "Rush", after courthouse architect A. W. Rush, and the two smaller, more docile cats were called "Red" (right) and "Gib" (left). Gib is believed to be named for courthouse contractor J. E. Gibson.
The lion on the east side, the only she-lion, was christened "Maria" to commemorate the song "Wonder Where my Maria's Gone.".
Reportedly, there was a popular tavern in town at one time called the "Red Lion" and there is some speculation that is where "Red" got his name.
The limestone lions were carved by a German stonemason named Hedrick who had worked on the courthouse. He spoke no English and his ten-year-old son translated for him. There are reports that the lions were not called for in the original plans, but that there was stone left over and the mason offered to do the carvings.
The lions, which were seen as a frivolous expense in 1896, have delighted youngsters and their parents alike for the past hundred years.
The 100-year anniversary of the dedication of the courthouse will be celebrated this weekend with bands, speakers, old-fashioned ice cream socials, tours and essay, photo and art contests.
[Shopping Guide News of Fulton County, Wednesday, September 20, 1995]

COURT HOUSE PICTURES
Late yesterday evening the new court house plan of Rush & Son, of Grand Rapids, Mich., lwas adopted, the building to cost $70,000 complete and ready for the furniture. Rush is the architect of the Winamac court house.
__________

The Board of Commissioners have been in session in the court room since Tuesday morning examining proposed plans for the new court house and hearing explanations of the architects. Twenty architect firms were present with drawings as follows:
Sharpe & Hoffmam Crawfordsville; A. W. Rush, Grand Rapids, Michigan; E. Clark Johnson, Chicago; O. W. Marble, Chicago; McPherson & Bowman, Indianapolis; C. E. Bell and J. H. Hunt, Council Bluffs; J. W. Gaddis, Vincennes; Laball & French, Marion; J. E. Mills, Detroit; Claire Allen, Jackson, Michigan; Col. G. W. Buntin, Indianapolis; Frank Milburn, Cattlesburg, Kentucky; J. E. Crain, Logansport; E. M. Lamb, Cincinnati; Hollingsworth & Blatherwick, Kokomo, Frank Leach, Lima, Ohio; McDonald Bros., Louisville, Kentucky; W. L. Cramer, Findley, Ohio; Wing & Mahurin, Ft. Wayne; Krutsch & Laycock, Logansport; and A. Ballard, of Chicago.
In addition to these, plans were sent in without personal representation by Col. E. E. Myers, Detroit, Michigan; Bishop & Colcord, Chicago; G. L. Harvey, Chicago; and John A. Hasecoster, Richmond, Ind.
For the purpose of facilitating the work, giving each architect an impartial hearing and preventing the possibility of any advantage or favoritism through the interference of friends, only the commissioners, County Attorney Baker and Auditor Deniston and Sheriff Dillon were present to hear the statements of the architects and consider their plans.
After giving each architect a full hearing the Board selected four plans from which to make their final selection and they were those of Rush & Son, McPherson & Bowman, Bell & Hunt, Krutsch & Laycock.
"It will be nearly three months before we are ready to let the contract for the building," said President Asa Dawson of the Board of Commissioners, to the SENTINEL. "You see it will take the architect four or six weeks to prepare his plans and specifications and when he is ready, we must advertise six weeks for bidders and therefore it will be near the first of April before we will be ready to let the contract."
In the meantime the county offices will all be moved and the old court house torn down, so that the contractors can commence work at once after the letting.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 11, 1895]

NEW COURT HOUSE PLANS
When the commissioners reached a vote on the adoption of plans for the new court house, Mr. Deweese voted for Krutsch & Laycock, Mr. Lovatt, for Bell, of Iowa, and Mr. Dudgeon for Rush & Son's plans. On the second ballot, Mr. Lovatt voted with Mr.Dudgeon and this gave Rush the decision.
The plans adopted are not the prettiest that were offered, but they are of the neatest and best for the seventy thousand dollar limit which the commissioners agreed upon when they decided to build. They provide for a two story and basement and attic building, 100 by 110 feet in dimension. The exterior walls to be of light colored stone, the roof of slate, the inside finish of oak, the office and hall floors of tile, the stairways of iron and the roof frame and joists iron and steel.
The Treasurer's, Auditor's, Recorder's, and Clerk's offices and Commissioner's court room will occupy the first floor, and the Circuit court room, Judge's office, witness rooms, jury rooms, Sheriff's, Surveyor's County Superintendent's, Prosecuting Attorney's and County Assessor's offices, the second floor. All of the offices on the first floor will be furnished with large, fireproof vaults, and the tower will be ornamented with a three hundred and fifty dollar clock which will be placed about one hundred feet above the ground.
The contract with the architects provides that in case the contract cannot be let for the specified seventy thousand dollars then said architects are to pay all costs of the advertising and letting and their contract shall be void. If the contract for the construction of the building is let at the price specified the architects are to receive 5 per cent of the cost of the building for their drawings and specifications and general superintendency of the building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 18, 1895]

THE NEW COURT HOUSE
The commissioners have been very busy with their new court house business. Architect Rush is here with the plans and an advertisement to contractors, in this issue, names Thursday April 29th as the day of the contract letting.
The knottiest problem for the board is the Bond question. They intend to build a seventy to seventy-five thousand dollar court house and it will require ten to fifteen thousand more to furnish the building, grade the yard and build the necessary walks and commissioners Lovatt and Dudgeon had Dr. Loring introduce a bill in the legislature authorizing an additional bond issue of one-half per cent which, added to the $65,000 which can be floated within the present limit of the law would give them the privilege of using as much of the $115,000 as they saw fit. This bill passed the lower house but considerable local objection to it developed for the reason that it was considerably more than the commissioners needed and County Attorney Baker went down Monday to have the amount asked for cut down one-half thus making the limit of the bond issue $90,000. This was readily arranged with Representative Loring and Sentaor Parker but a remonstrance against the passage of the bill was sent to the senate and it is not known at this writing what will be done in the matter. The commissioners rightly take the position that it is better for taxpayers to have the additional debt in bonds drawing four and a half per cent than in county orders at six per cent, which they will have to issue if they do not get the authority to float bonds for the amount needed. An order was made yesterday authorizing the issue of $65,000 in twenty year, five per cent bonds, interest payable semi-annually, and the Board will meet May 1st to sign the bonds when they will be sold by treasurer Barr to the highest bidder.
Moving out of the old court house will be commenced next week and the work of tearing the structure down will commence as soon as it is vacated.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 8, 1895]

NEW COURT HOUSE NEWS
The revised bill authorizing the county Commissioners to issue twenty-five thousand dollars more bonds if they need it to finish the new court house passed both branches of the legislature Saturday and became a law. But the commissioners will not float these bonds nor any part of them until they know just how much more than the sixty-five thousand they will need and even then the additional bonds necessary will not be sold until the money is needed. This for the reason that the board does not intend to assume a dollars indebtedness more than is necessary to complete the courthouse according to present plans.
Architect Rush says the building will be bid off at less than seventy thousand and that we will have just as attractive and substantial a structure as the LaPorte court house which cost three hundred and thirty thousand. Of course we will not have marble floors and mahogany furniture but we will have the finest of hard wood finish with furniture and everything else to match.
The commissioners went to LaPorte Monday to look at the red sand stone of which that court house is built and they like it very well but whether or not it is used depends entirely on the cost of such stone as the commissioners will not exceed their estimated cost of the building just to get the red stone because it is prettier than the grey or blue. - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 15, 1895]

NEW COURT HOUSE BIDS
The Board of Commissioners, court house architect Rush and county Attorney Baker have had a four days siege this week with court house contractors. Fully forty men have been in the city bidding on the work or trying to sell material to the Board to be used in the new building and all have had a patient and careful hearing. They have explained the merits of their material and the details of their bids at great length and the commissioners thereby fuly advised as to the best contract to make so that the county will get what it needs, get it at a price it can afford to pay, and get what we pay for.
Twelve bids for the construction of the building complete, were made as follows: Jos. T. Hutton, of this city; Thos. Peterson, of Chicago; Rickner & Butler, of Toledo; Raymond & Gibson, of Logansport; Atkinson Bros. & Co., of Colorado Springs, Colo.; J. D. Wilson & Co., of Valparaiso; T. T. Van Camp, of Claypool, Ind.; D. S. Werst & Son, of South Bend; C. Roeseker & Son, of Fort Wayne; A. G. Camfield, Richmond; J. B. Goodall & Co., Peru; and James Davault, of Columbus.
The work of examining the bids has been tedious and laborious for the reason that the bids were made out to cover so many different varieties of material. For instance one firm bid on six different kinds of stone, another on as many other kinds of material or finish and all had to be explained and carefully examined.
While no authoritative figures could be secured for publication, as that would not be fair until the award is finally made, it is understood that the bids range from $66,150 to $88,750 and that the twelve bids embrace thirty distinct prices for the work.
All but three of the bidders have been notified that their offers are not acceptable and the decision will be made this forenoon.
The three bids under consideration are those of J. T. Hutton, Goodall & Co., of Peru, and Raymond & Gibson of Logansport.
Court House Bonds Sold
Treasurer Barr closed the sale of the $65,000 court house bonds yesterday morning, and made a surprising bargain for the county. The bonds are drawn to pay 6 per cent and N. W. Harris & Co., of Chicago, paid $6,000 to get them. There were twelve bids in which premiums were offered as follows:
Rudolph, Kleybolt & Co., Cincinnati, $5,525
Varson, Leach & Co., Chicago, $4,907
1st National Bank, Chicago, $4,917
Z. T. Lewis, Dayton, $4,062.50
Seasongood & Meyer, Cincinnati, $5,132.60
Derts, Denison & Prior, Cleveland, $4,585
J. W. Hayes & Son, Cleveland, $4,765.15
S. P. Sherin, Logansport, $5,275
Union Trust Company, Indianapolis, $1,457
Mason, Lewis & Co., Chicago, $3,484
S. A. Keene & Co., Chicago, $3,447.27.
In the reading of the bids Treasurer Barr made a mistake in calling the Harris & Co. bid and when the representative of that firm called his attention to the error he rectified the mistake which made the bid nearly $600 higher and the other bidders set up a howl as wild and wooly as a Kansas cyclone but the commissioners saw that the county was making good money in the correction of the mistake and they sustained the Treasurer in giving the sale to Harris & Co.
This is said to be the best sale of county bonds reported this year. It reduces the interest on the bonds to 4-1/2 per cent and local capitalists say this is very low and a much better sale than they had anticipated.
This $6,000 premium will be paid in cash and, added to the bonds, gives the county $71,000 cash to commence the court house with.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 3, 1895]

COURT HOUSE CONTRACT
The Commissioners closed their new court house letting deliberations, Friday afternoon by acceting the bid of J.E. Gibson, of Logansport, to complete the building for $76,073.00, the stone work to be of buff Bedford and the wainscoating of marble, instead of oak as specified.
The bids were as follows: - - - - - -
Mr. Gibson, the contractor, is a resident of Logansport and he gives a bond of $35,000 which is signed by I. C. Crawford, Jeff Immel, Jas. P. Henderson, A. B. Keeport and J. E. Redmond. The contract is as follows: This agreement made and entered into this 3rd day of May, 1895, - - - - - -
In witness whereof, the said parties to this agreement have hereunto set their hands and seals, the day and year first above written. Jordan E. Gibson, Contractor. Asa W. Deweese, Nathaniel Dudgeon, Thomas F. Lovatt, Commissioners.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 10, 1895]

COURT HOUSE IN RUINS
The old court house looks like the ruins of the ancient castles we find in the muesum of antiquity, this morning. The Clerk, Auditor and Sheriff moved out Monday, the court room was cleared of its furniture and the work of destruction commenced. Contractor Gibbons put a force of men to work Tuesday noon and windows, floors, roof and belfry all came tumbling down like a cyclone had slipped into the hall and exploded. This morning there is nothing left but the walls and they will come down just as fast as the workmen can dig under them and let them tumble down.
By the terms of the bids made by the contractors the successful bidder was to remove the court house and woodhouse with the privilege of using all material, and the brick in the old walls will be used for filling in the new building.
Sitting in the court yard Wednesday afternoon was a quartet of citizens, who saw the old court house built nearly a half century ago, and watching its destruction with considerable interest. They were Theodore Montgomery, O. C. Smith, George Perschbacher and John M. Davis. They were talking about the old building and pointing out the massive features. The walls are 18 and 22 inches thick. The rafters were hewn timbers 6x8 inches square. And the mouldings, columns, etc., were all hand made.The stone was hauled here in wagons from the old Wabash canal at Logansport and many of the brick came from kilns at Logansport and Gilead. Laborers on the building were paid 35 to 50 cents per day and the building complete cost only $6,000. If built now with the same disadvantages for securing material it would cost twice as much.
Next week the SENTINEL hopes to furnish a court house story by a lawyer who has practiced his profession in the old building ever since it was built and it will tell some interesting incidents of a half century in the Fulton Circuit Court.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 24, 1895]

SOME VERY OLD BOURBON
For many years, stories have been about that the builders of the old court house put a bottle of whiskey in the wall at the northwest corner of the building. Uncle Billy Carter, deceased, A. H. Merrick, Isaac Good and numerous other old timers who were here when the court house was built, vouched for the truthfulness of the story, one or more of them having been present when the workmen "planted" the flask in the wall. Accordingly the tearing down of the old walls excited considerable curiosity about the flask of whiskey and developments were awaited with many mirthful discussions of prospects of the find.
The old walls were not taken down brick at a time. They were cut into sections and pulled over with block and tackle and the brick was piled in great heaps.The appearance of the debris indicated strongly that if there ever had been a bottle in the wall it was mashed to pieces in the fall, but not so. While the workmen were engaged in cleaning up the old brick Monday forenoon, a boy by the name of Frank Taylor found a bottle imbedded in a section of the wall at the northwest corner of the building. It was completely limed over and was sealed with mortar. A crowd soon gathered and the seal was whittled off and the cork removed. Then it was discovered that the bottle contained whiskey and it was readily agreed that this was the much talked of flask which had been lying in the wall for nearly fifty years.
After removing some of the lime which adhered to the bottle a label was found containing the following inscription: W. C. HAMILTON & CO, Successors to Lich, Carlstadt & Co., WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, 52 W. Second St., Cincinnati, Ohio.
This firm has been out of business about thirty years, if A. C. Copeland remembers correctly, and this fact evidenced the belief that the bottle is not a "put up job." The bottle is a heavy, round pint flask but lacked about two thumbs of being full. This fact agrees with the story that a young man by the name of Carter, brother of George and William Carter, carried the whiskey up to a brickmason by the name of Wils. Alexander, when they each took a drink from the bottle and then laid it in the wall.
Of course there are doubting Thomases as to whether or not it is the sure enough whiskey we have heard so much about. But there are always doubters when a question of liquor is involved. The flask was sold by the boy for $4.00 to a stock-company of sixteen men who will either divide it up into nips of forty drops each or else label it and put it in the new court house wall.
The flask was placed on exhibition in the SENTINEL show window and the following remarks were noted as they came as spur-of-the-moment exclamations:
Sheriff Dillon: "That's it sure, and where there's one there's more."
Otis Bishop: "I wouldn't drink it for five."
"A. E. Bowers: "Can't be possible that so much good licker has remained undrunk so long."
Joe Levi: "How much a smell?"
Uncle Phil Webber: "If I could smell it I could tell how old it is."
Josey Barrett: "Smells like one of my stale pies I frequently sell to Charley Plank and John Miller."
Dan Agnew: "It looks all right and you bet it has the smell."
Uncle Sol Walters: "Well I declare?"
Wen Shuler: "I wonder if that is sure enough whiskey? It looks like it and smells like it."
Geo. W. Holman: "You are guying us aren't you? Say, fellows, I believe ----------."
Tully Bitters: "This is an off year and I am only a judge of good licker during campaign."
Capt Rader: "It looks all right but I would have to go fishing with it before I could give an opinion on its age."
Rev. Roth: "Nothing to say. Maybe it's so, though."
Enoch Myers: "I'm not afraid to taste it. But if the fellow wants five dollars for it I don't want a very large drink."
Harry Bernetha: "It's too old. Two-year-old 'Coon Hollow' is old enough for me."
Deputy Clerk Davis: "Now, boys you can't afford to lie to me about this."
Wm. Tetzlaff: "How much for a drink of it. Can I snuffle it a little?"
Sam Miller: "I'd like to taste it, by gum I would." and he did.
Isaac Good: "It's not whiskey. But I'll taste it. Yes it's whiskey and as mellow as mush."
Clerk Shelton: "A can tell if it's the stuff or not. I'll just touch my tongue to it."
Isaiah Catherman: "It looks all right and it has the corn smell."
LeRoy Myers: "They might have caught fish with that kind of bait fifty years ago but it looks too thin for general purposes in this age."
Lym Brackett: "It seems too bad to keep such fine old sociability out of legitimate circulation so long."
Sam Gordon: "Keeping a Speak Easy in here?"
Justice Troutman: "I'll just get down on my knees before it and read the label."
Lou Wohlgemuth: "It has most too much color."
G. P. Keith: "Oh, Shaw!"
Dr. Loring: "It's a fake, I'll bet four dollars. It hasn't color enough."
Perry Mehrling: "If I'd known that whiskey was there for sure, I'd, I'd, I'd ----------."
B. O. West: "Do you think it's pretty good?"
Enoch Mow: "Shake it and let me see the head."
Sol Allman: "Say, what you think?"
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 31, 1895]

COUNTY OF FULTON
The first court house, a frame structure, 20x24 feet, and two stories high, was built in 1837 at a cost of $750. Ten years later the building was found to be inadequate for conducting the county's business and a new building was projected and built at a cost of $6,000. It was a substantial two story brick, the finest court house in all of this section of the state when completed, and served the county well for nearly half a century. But it, too, became too small and ancient for a progressive county and the board of commissioners made an order for a new one at the December term, 1894. The plans of A. W. Rush and son, of Grand Rapids, were adopted at the February term of court and the contract for constructing the building was let to J. E. Gibson, of Logansport, who commenced work in June and had the walls up to the second story. The building is of Buff Bedford stone, 100x112 feet extreme floor dimensions, two stories and basement and fire proof throughout. The cost complete, including furniture, yard grading, walks, etc., will aggregate $100,000 and it is to be completed and ready for occupancy, August 1st, 1896.
The County Commissioners
[See: Asa Deweese, Nathaniel Dudgeon and Thomas F. Lovatt]
Court House Builders
Mr. J. E. Gibson, the builder of the new court house, has been a building contractor for eighteen years, during which time he has built court houses at Washington, Ind.; Ann Arbor, Mich.; Clarksville, Tenn.; Anderson, Ind.; a jail at Kokomo, Ind.; an addition to the Southern Prison; the Northern Indiana Hospital for the Insane; the Southern Indiana Hospital for the Insane; St. Denis Hotel at Richmond; Senator Maxey's famous office building in Texas; and J. J. Dooley's Arcade in Salt Lake City, Utah. Besides, with Mr. J. E. Redmond, he has constructed a large number of school houses, bridges, business blocks and fine residences throughout our State and for the past year he has been engaged in building the Pulaski County court house. Mr. Gibson is an all round mechanic, being an expert in all of the branches of building and mechanical and sanitary engineering. He is also a successful manager of employees, a commendable characteristic being his sturdy opposition to insobriety on the part of any man who works for him, his position being that only sober workmen can be relied upon to maintain his reputation as a reliable builder.
Associated with Mr. Gibson is Mr. J. E. Redmond, the mechanical tutor of the former from his boyhood. Mr. Redmond has been engaged in the erection of public buildings for 28 years and in addition to assisting Mr. Gibbons in all of his contracts, he has built court houses at Nashville, Crawfordsville and Columbus, Ind.; Rose Polytechnic Institute building, Franklin, Ind. jail; Clarksville, Tenn, court house and numerous other buildings. He is an active member of the Masonic Fraternity, being Grand Generalissimo of the Indiana Knights Templar, and, with his wife and two daughters, enjoys one of the most magnificent homes in Logansport.
Corner Stone Laid
An Imposing Event
Bunting, flags, evergreens, nice clothes and happy faces enveloped Rochester in a blaze of glory, yesterday. Our new Court House corner stone laying was the occasion of this demonstration of happiness and rejoicing and it was a melancholly heart, indeed, which didn't palpitate a proud "we are the people" throb as the significance of the occasion was contemplated.
The day was very hot for September, but we were favored with guests from every city and town in Northern Indiana, eight bands of music and twenty civic and military companies paraded the streets in one of the most imposing pageants ever seen in the county and seldom, if ever, equalled in this section of the state, all under escort of Co. B, 26 Regt., I.N.G., Capt. Bert Skinner in command. The procession moved at 1:30 o'clock and made a parade of the principal streets and then centered at the public square when the following program was observed:
Music by Bands.
Invocation, Rev. DeLu Burke
Song "America", Prof. Rannells Chorus.
Laying of Corner-stone, M. W. Edward O'Rourke, G. M.
Adjournment to Noftsger's Grove.
History of Fulton County, Hon. V. Zimmerman.
Introduction of speaker of the Day Hon. M. L. Essick.
Oration, Hon. B. F. Shively.
Every feature of the exercises was a magnificent success and from the beginning of the grand parade to the perforation of Mr. Shively's marvelous oration, the great crowd manifested a unanimous spirit of joy and enthusiasm in our ceremonial celebration. The music by the bands was fine beyond description and the singing was a vestival of the best vocal talent in the city.
The corner stone was a plain faced block of Bedford rock, the same as is used in the walls of the building. On the north face the names of county commissioners Deweese, Dudgeon and Lovatt appear, as do also those of Architect Rush and contractor Gibson. The east face is engraved with Masonic emblems and date, the name of Grand Master O'Rourke, who presided, and Rochester Lodge No. 79. In the top of the stone was deposited a zink box in which was sealed one copy of this edition of the SENTINEL and one of the regular issue of Sept. 6th; one copy each of the Daily and Weekly Republican, the Kewanna Herald and the Akron News; one book of specifications and contract of the new court house; Masonic record; pictures of the old court house; bar calendar of the Fulton circuit court; impressions of the seals of the Board of Commissioners, Clerk, Recorder and Surveyor and signatures of the officers authorized to affix them; and two Chinese coins, in an envelope.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

A GLORIOUS OCCASION
The SENTINEL had neither time nor space in the souvenir edition to describe the corner-stone laying event and, indeed, the grandeur of the occasion, to its significance to the advancement of Rochester and Fulton county, cannot be described in words. But the beautiful Masonic exercises in laying the corner-stone and the speeches and music deserve more than a passing notice.
The parade was one of gthe most extensive demonstrations of honor ever seen in this section. Eight bands of music and representatives of fully forty civic and military societies were out in the grand march, and a liberal estimate places the total number in line at two thousand men.
Grand Master O'Rourke presided at the laying of the corner-stone, in which he delivered an eloquent recital of the significance of the occasion. Then the procession reformed and marched to Noftsger's grove, where Prof. Rannells' chorus of twenty vboices and the bands discoursed as fine music as was ever heard in Rochester. Senator Zimmerman then took the platform and in a pretty talk of five minutes told the audience that it had grown so late that he would forego the pleasure of delivering the historical sketch he had prepared, and introduce the speaker of the day, Hon. H. F. Shively, of South Bend.
Enthusiastic applause greeted the speaker as he came forward. He spoke just one hour and the eloquence and pertinent logic of the address may be estimated from the following extracts: - - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 27, 1895]

THE NEW COURT HOUSE
The walls of the new court house are now ready for the cornice and the sculptors are well along with their ornamentation of the entrances, caps, etc. The work of putting on the roof will be commenced within a week or ten days and a month of favorable weather will enable the contractors to get the building under roof and enclosed so that work on the interior may be pushed right along through the winter.
The commissioners were in special session Monday, letting the contract for the electric wiring and the Rocheter Electric Light Co. was the lowest and best bidder at $1,100. Electric light wire will be run through brass tubes to every room in the building and it is a gratification to know that home men secured the contract because the Rochester Electric Light Co. does things right and they bid very low that they might put in a system of wiring which will enable them to give the county a first class light service.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October, 11, 1895]

COURT HOUSE IS DONE
AND ITS TOTAL COST IS "AWAY UP IN THE PICTURES"
So far as contractors Gibson and Redmond are concerned, the new court house is finished and it is the belief of those who are judges of good work that we have a solid, substantial and artistic job. The masonry and finish present a beautiful appearance, the electric fixtures are as fine as the finest and the oak and marble work presents a wall of splendor throughout the entire building.
But, considering the cost the building ought to be what is graphically known as a "cracker-cack." [sic] By the time it is all completed and ready for occupancy it will have cost about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. This amount, however, depends on the cost of the yard and walks and the allowance or rejection of the contractors' last bill for extra work. This bill is for concrete foundation, built under the walls of the building to give them a solid footing.
Architect Rush was here Wednesday and examined the building. Then he gave the contractors a certificate of acceptance of the building, having found it finished substantially in accordance with the original contract and the eight subsequent changes authorized by supplemental contracts. Then Mr. Rush left the city and the contractors took the certificate he gave them, pinned it on their bills, including the $10,968.42 extra for sub basement, and demanded full settlement.
Attorney Baker at once advised the board to refuse settlement until Architect Bush furnishes a detailed estimate of work of the last "extra" and there the matter rests. The contractors had Judge Nelson, of Logansport, here yesterday, but the commissioners refused to make any settlement until the architect furnishes an estimate which he said, when here, would be about $7,000.
As a matter of news the following authentic showing of the several contracts for construction will be interesting:
Original contract $78,073.00
West front change 4,500.00
Metal furniture (less cypress wood) 6,704.50
Clock (less estimate cost) 1,570.00
North and south front changes 5,120.00
Acoustics 1,225.00
Attic floor 360.00
Basement floor 694.50
Marble wainscoting instead of wood 3,087.24
__________
Total $98,334.24 [? total incorrect - WCT]
Plus bill for extra sub-basement $10,996.42
__________
Grand total $110,330.66 [? total incorrect - WCT]
In addition to the principal contractor's amount there are several other expenses which, when grouped make the following showing:
Cost of Building $110,330.66
Electric fixtures 3,500.00
Furniture 12,600.00
Architect's fees 5,500.00
Yard and walks (estimated) 8,000.00
Carpet, blinds, etc., etc. 1,000.00
Incidentals 1,000.00
Total $150,930.66
However, if the board should succeed in curtailing the last bill filed by the contractors the reduction will be just so much off the total figure here given. The item of $1,000 for incidentals covers costs of extra sessions, of printing, attorneys fees and expenses of trips of inspection.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 21, 1896]

IT'S NOT YET SETTLED
The efforts to settle the questionable demand of the court house contractors for $19,968.42 as extra for the concrete footing for the walls of the new building is not creating much excitement on the part of the commissioners. They first refused to pay the bill and entered an order of rejection. Then instead of letting the matter rest there as the law plainly requires in all cases of rejected bills, they took up the suggestion of the Rochester Republican to compromise by arbitration. Accordingly such an order was made and a Mr.Goodall, of Peru, and Architect Crane, of Logansport, were chosen by the commissioners and contractors respectively and they have been here at work on estimates for several days. Yesterday architect Rush came and, in company with the commissioners, County Attorney Baker and the arbitrators, he viewed the extra work done and a settlement is probably not very far distant.
Tax payers, those who must pay this bill, will be interested to know something of the origin of this enormous bill for extra work. And they ought to know something about it as they will have to pay the bill.
When contractor Gibson commenced the construction of the new court house he found that the plans did not require that he dig down to solid ground and of course he excavated only to the depth required by the specifications. This left him a sand foundation to begin his wall upon and he notified the commissioners that such a foundation would not do and they authorized him, orally, to dig down to solid ground and fill the trenches with gravel and cement up to the base line of the wall. This was done and most of the gravel and sand taken out was used for the concrete material. Crushed stone and cement were also used with the sand and gravel and a solid foundation was thus obtained.
Nothing was ever said about the worth of this extra work. It was not made in written contract as the other extras were, and while it was hinted that it might be as high as four or five thousand dollars there wasn't a thought in Fulton county that it would develop to an amount more than equal to one-fourth the contract price of the entire building. The whole transaction, up to date, looks ugly to tax payers but the SENTINEL sincerely hopes that their interests may in some way be protected.
The best legal authority says that the attempt to arbitrate a claim after it has once been rejected by the commissioners is contrary to law, and it is impossible to settle the dispute in this way. After the commissioners once record their judgment on any matter before them it then passes beyond their jurisdiction.
Attorney Enoch Myers has formally notified auditor Kesler that he will be held responsible if he shall order any money paid on account of a finding by the board of arbitrators.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 4, 1896]

COURT HOUSE EXTRAS
"Not paid for want of funds" is the way the county treasurer is marking the county orders presented to him for payment. In other words, the commissioners have spent all of the money the law allowed them to raise by bond selling and the thirteen thousand dollar furniture deal, the nineteen thousand sub-basement bill, the five thousand dollar cement walk contract, and the yard grading are all unpaid expenses which must be paid in orders drawing eight per cent interest.
An addition to these unpaid contracts, work was commenced Wednesday morning by Mr. Gibson's men at building a cut stone coping all around the outside of the yard but there is no contract on file and Commissioner Barnett says he knows nothing of any order having been given Gibson to commense such an expense. But Gibson is going right along and if he fares as well in settling this extra with the commissioners as he thought he had in the sub-basement settlement he certainly needs no contract. It is said the coping is to be of cut stone and that a piece of statuary is to decorate the corners and entrances to the yard.
In addition to this extravagance the commissioners have ordered every shade tree in the yard cut down and the most beautiful public square in the state of Indiana is being robbed of an attractiveness which cannot be replaced in a quarter of a century.
Auditor Kessler is authority for the report that the county debt is now nearly two hundred thousand dollars and yet the commissioners are spending money like they had it as plentiful as hay.
And the taxpayers stand and look on in more despair. Such is republican management of the people's business in Fulton county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 9, 1896]
THESE FIGURES TALK
Readers of the SENTINEL have, all along, been furnished the news of the new court house building, with all of its "hooks and crooks," and now after hunting over the two years record of the undertaking there is another interesting batch of news to the itemized cost of the work, herein shown.
Two years ago the board of commissioners made an order for a new court house and advertised for plans and specifications. A large number of architects submitted drawings and the contract for plans and specifications was let to A. W. Rush & Son, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, which was no surprise to those who had been watching the course of events. The advertisement called for plans for a seventy thousand dollar structure and Mr. Rush said his could be built for less than that. Later the contract for the construction of the building was let to J. E. Gibson, just as it was expected it would be, and thus the architect and builder of the court house at Winamac were also architect and builder of our structure. The contract price of the building was nearly ten thousand dollars higher than the architect's estimate and the work commenced. From that time on the expensive changes made are matters of public scandal with which SENTINEL readers are fully familiar. The board of commissioners simply listened to the advice of those who were in a position to reap the benefits of fat contracts, changes and extravagant expenditures and here is the result:
Contract price $76073.00
Change in front entrance 4500.00
Change north and south entrances 5120.00
Change in court room 1225.00
Attic floor 360.00
Basement floor 694.50
Marble wainscoating, etc 3087.24
Corner stone 280.00
Casing clock 65.00
Extra on vault doors 90.00
Tapping water mains 112.40
Sub-basement extra 18624.17
Metal furniture extra 6989.50
Clock 1960.00
Surplus material 102.00
Architect's plans 5878.00
Grading and filling lawn 2388.00
Engineer's work on lawn 15.00
Window blinds 400.80
Spittoons 183.40
Steel Shutters 125.00
New safe 950.00
Lettering doors 22.00
Carpenter work 36.63
Carpets 1100.25
Sewer 231.24
Electric wiring and fixtures 3623.00
Expense laying corner stone 317.12
Expense of trip to buy furniture 110.76
Expense extra sessions 992.75
Removing fence 14.00
Hauling dirt 6.00
Printing and advertising 133.35
New hitching rackes 900.00
Cement walks (estimated) 1000.00
Expense of arbitration 16.36
Expense of trip to buy clock 58.20
Hydrants etc. for lawn (estimated) 450.00
Increase County Attorney's salary 200.00
________
Total $161,174.57
Of the above amounts the records show that contractor Gibson received a little more than $139,000 he having been given the contracts for the furniture, stone fence, lion statuary, steps, etc., in addition to the building and all of its extras. A peru firm was given the contract to furnish the carpets in preference to home dealers and thus, excepting the electric light fixtures, cement walks and yard grading, about the only figure Fulton county cut in the whole transaction was to give about any kind of a contract asked for and pay the bills by selling county bonds.
In point of apperance and substantiability there can be no reasonable criticism offered against the improvement but that the expense is unduly excessive and out of proportion to the resources of the county is a fact known by every taxpayer in the county.
And now when the east and south entrances walks have been completed, and the lawn is all leveled as in front and the yard sprinkling waterworks is finished, the work will be done. However, the extravagant allowance of nearly nineteen thousand dollars for the concrete under the walls is still being contested in court and will likely end in the Supreme court.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 11, 1896]

HUZZA! COURT HOUSE IS OURS
County residents can now assert with pride that the court house, built in 1895 at a cost of $153,000, is out of debt. Auditor Smith Monday paid the last $3,000 bond held by a Chicago bank.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 11, 1918]

POORMAN GETS CONTRACT TO REPAIR SLATE ROOF
James E. Poorman was awarded the contract to repair the court house roof, replace the gutters and install new slate when the commissioners met in special session at the court house Wendesday morning. The job was let for $1,488.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 15, 1921]

PLAN TO RE-ROOF COURT HOUSE
The county council and the county commissioners met today in special session to discuss the question of re-roofing the court hours. Carl J. Horn, architect of Logansport, met with the board. It is possible that he will be given the contract for drawing up plans and specifications for the repair of the court house. Many of the members of the two boards are in favor of using tile for the new roof.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 13, 1926]

CONTRACT FOR NEW ROOF FOR COURT HOUSE IS LET
The county commissioners after a conference with the county council Tuesday in which the councilmen increased the appropriation for the repair of the court house roof awarded the contract to Ernest C. Leaman of Huntington who was the low bidder when the bids were opened by the commissioners at a special meeting held on August 14. The new covering will be of dark red Imperial German tile. Work on the improvement which will cost $7,700 will start within the next ten days and should be finished before December 15. Carl J. Horn of Logansport is the architect.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, September 8, 1926]

REMOVE BOILERS
Workmen are dismantling and removing the obsolete heating plant from the county court house basement with the permission of the county commissioners. This is being done to facilitate the installation of a new heating plant when, and if, the necessary priorities are obtained from the W.P.B.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 22, 1942]

COURTHOUSE DESIGN NO STRANGER TO CONTROVERSY
The design and cost Fulton County Courthouse began stirring up local politicians than 100 years ago.
When Fulton County Commission and Council meet in the courthouse this afternoon (after The Sentinel deadline) to discuss court and office space needs, they will be worried about money - just as their predecessors were in the 1890s.
They are aware the stakes may be high. Discontent with what was viewed as a lavish building contributed to the defeat of two of the commissioners who approved the courthouse design. Another resigned.
Says Commissioncr Steve Hartzier: "The greatest days for those three commissioners that voted to build the courthouse were probably in 1995 instead of 1895," Hartzler said. "Tbe people back then didn't realize what the commissioners did by building this courthouse. To me, the courthouse is a masterpiece for the county. There are not a whole lot of buildings around like this."
County officials met with project manager Spike Shepler and architects Schmidt Associates to review various building designs.
Local officials have been talking about how to solve the county's office space needs since 1992 when the citizens-led Courthouse Needs Committee reviewed the issue.
More than 100 years ago, a lack of office space was a key reason for the construction of the courthouse.
To celebrate the courthouse's centennial in 1995, Sentinel President Jack K. Overmyer researched the following items about the historic building's construction:
After viewing the construction of a new Pulaski County Courthouse in Winamac, the Fulton County Commissioners voted on Dec. 12, 1894 to replace its two-story brick facility with something special.
Commissioners Asa Deweese, Nathanial Dudgeon and Thomas Lovatt, all Republicans, believed that a large, stately courthouse would encourage people to invest in Rochester's downtown business.
New courthouse s were thought to be an economic development tool in the late 19th centuty. Sixty of Indiana's 92 counties built courthouses between 1870-1900.
Deweese, Dudgeon and Lovatt were impressed with Pulaski's new courthouse - but wanted something better.
On Jan. 10, 1895, after reviewtng the designs of 24 architects, the commissioners selected the same company that designed the Winamac structure, A.W. Rush and Son, Grand Rapids, Mich. Rush was signed to a $7,000 contract, but his design only cost $5,878. The commissioners also hired Jordan E. Gibson, Logansport, who built the Pulaski courthouse, as the county's general contractor,
On March 6, 1895, the county decided to pay for the new courthouse by selling $65,000 in bonds. The county hired Merchants National Bank of Chicago to handle the bond sale. The initial estimate for the cou house was $76,073. The finalbill totalled $160,550. The Commissioners approvedmore than $75,000 in change orders.
One of the biggest changes was the tower clock. They said the $350 clock was inferior. After the three commissioners went to Chicago. they selected a $1,950 Seth Thomas clo'ck.
Sentine1 Editor H.A. Barnhart, a critic of the new courthouse, wrote: "At that price (the clock) ought to strike loud enough to be heard by all the taxpayers who paid for it."
Other change orders include:
* $12,500 for wood furniture
* $11,500 for extending subbasement walls
* $10,105 for sidewalks, steps and stone coping around the courthouse square
* $9,620 for a change in the design of the steps leading into the courthouse
* $6,940 for additional metal furniture
* $2,388 for grading and filling the lawn
* $900 for hitching racks and $133 for brass spittoons
* $1,600 for 10 stone lion carvings.
Three lions each guard the north, west and south courthouse entrances. One lion guards the east entrance.
The Sentinel, in a satirical article published on Dec. 4, 1896, named each of the lions after someone involved in the construction of the courthouse.
The large lion in front of west entrance was named "Chairman of the Board" in honor of Commissioner President Asa Deweese. The two smaller lions to the west were named "Merritt" for county attorney Merritt Baker and "Henry" for Rochester town attorney Henry Bibler - the only Democrat to receive the honor.
Another was named "Major" for Rochester Republican Publisher Major Bitters, a rival of The Sentinel's. The two smaller lions were named 'Tom" for commissioner Thomas Lovatt, a "Mose" for commissioner Moses Barnett, who replaced Deweese when he retired.
The large lion at the south entrance was named "Rush" for courthouse designer A.W. Rush. The smaller lions were named "Gib" for courthouse contractor Jordan Gibson, and "Red" for Gibson associate J.E. Redmond.
The Sentinel decided the lion to the east was a female. It was named "Maria." The exact reason for the name is unknown.
After the courthouse was finished, Contractor Gibson took the county to court seeking $20,000 in expenses for extending the sub-basement walls. After six years in court the Indiana Supreme Court ruled the county owed Gibson $11,600. It cost the county $6,400 in legal bills to fight Gibson.
Gibson may have used some of his settlement to pay for his defense in a case in Mississippi. Gibson was charged with bribing Mississippi's governor $15,000 in order to build the state's capitol building.
The Sentinel defended the county's court battle with Gibson.
"Our county has millions for defense, but not a penny for tribute and any contractor who attempts to work lightning rod contract swindles on our taxpayers," wrote Editor H.A. Barnhart.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 4, 1999]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE BELL [Rochester, Indiana]
The Fulton County Commissioners loaned the old court house bell to the First Christian Church in 1895. It was used until 1925.

ANOTHER BELL GONE
The Kewanna town board recently purchased the large bell which hung in the belfry of the Christian church in Rochester for many years. Saturday Marshal Howard Smith of Kewanna hauled the bell to Kewanna and as soon as arrangements can be made for putting it up in some convenient place it will be used as a fire alarm. The passing of the Christian church bell leaves but two churches in this city who call their adherents to worship on Sunday in the old time honored way.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, October 3, 1925]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE CANNON [Rochester, Indiana]
Located at the NW and SW corners about thirty or forty feet from the court house. They were two civil war cannons, mounted on concrete bases.
During WW2 they were donated by the county toward the war effort. Later the War Department gave Fulton County two WW2 cannons to replace them. These cannons stood for a few years at the courthouse and were then given to the VFW at Lake Manitou.
__________

THE CANNON ARE HERE
The much talked about cannon, presented to McClung Post G.A.R. by the War Department, arrived and are being mounted on the court house lawn. They are big, black, iron guns without wheels or mounting of any kind and the shells sent are several sizes too large. They must be mounted on some heavy timber and concrete foundation and from an artistic point of view it is a great mistake to mar the beauty of the public square with such rough specimens of war relics.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 6, 1897]

TO MOUNT CANNON
John Hill is at work building concrete foundations for the cannon at the court house. They stood on their wooden foundations for fifteen years, and had begun to get rotten, when the commissioners ordered them pushed over a few weeks ago in order that they would not fall on anyone. The new ones will not allow the cannon to rock, and small boys will not have the pleasure of playing see-saw on them on band concert nights. The terrace wall about the court house yard, which has become broken and split in pieces, will also be repaired.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 11, 1913]

COMMISSIONERS MAY SOON GIVE UP CANNON
The county commissioners held their regular monthly meeting today, in the office of the county auditor, inasmuch as their own room was being used by the County Council for the purpose of revising the tax budget proposals.
The commissioners were studying ways and means to turn over the two cannon and several cannon balls for salvage by the U. S. War Salvage Board. Records concerning the ownership of the cannon were not uncovered during the morning session of the board, however, as soon as these are found steps were to be taken to comply with the Salvage committee's request. The usual run of current bills were approved and allowed.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, September 8, 1942]

COURT HOUSE CANNONS DONATED FOR WAR USE
The Fulton County Commissioners voted unanimously Tuesday afternoon to donate the two large cannons and 36 oversize cannon balls to the U. S. War Scrap Metal Salvage committee.
The cannons and balls will be turned over to Mayor Otis I. Minter who will make arrangements with representatives of the State War Scrap Metal Salvage board for the disposal of the metals.
The cannons which have adorned the terraces at the front of the public square for well over two score years are believed to weigh in excess of a ton each, and these together with a German field gun which was captured in the battle of Chateau-Thierry, in World War No. 1, donated by the Leroy Shelton Post, American Lagion, will make the city's original donation of a worth-while nature.
Old-timers who were interviewed concerning the court house cannons opined they were relics of the Civil War days and were undoubtedly presented to the McClung G.A.R. post of this city. The last member of the McClung post, John Shelton, passed away early this summer at the age of 95 years.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, September 9, 1942]

CANNON, CANNONBALLS, FIELD PIECE NOW SCRAP
The two large Civil War cannon and 37 cannonballs from the Court House and one .77 millimeter German fieldpiece were turned in for scrap by Mayor O. I. Minter yesterday. According to War Department instructions the material was turned in to local dealers as the amount was less than a carload lot. Then the money obtained by the sale was turned over to the County Commissioners and the American Legion Post. It is the stated intention of the Commissioners to turn the money over to the USO and the Legion Post will do the same, thereby serving the purpose of actually donating the material and allowing the material to get into scrap.
The fieldpiece weighed 2070 pounds, while the cannon weighed 4180 pounds each, and cannonballs weighed 1670 pounds, or a total of 12,100 pounds.
Mayor Minter stated today that he had notified the War Department and also the Governor of Indiana of the completing of the turn-in here.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, September 23, 1942]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE CLOCK [Rochester, Indiana]
THE COURT HOUSE CLOCK
The new court house clock purchased by the republican board of county commissioners and recommended as all right by the Rochester Republican, is in position and ready for public inspection. The dials look as cheap as the face of a Waterbury watch, the figures are so small and close together they cannot be read to the corporation limits, and the music (?) of the bell will not bear comparison with a cathedral chime. In short, it is the cheapest looking $1,000 clock ever seen in this community and it will take the Republican and its commissioners a good many years to make taxpayers believe that they are getting what they pay for.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 29, 1896]

NEWS OF THE DAY
As a matter of convenience and economy a time switch has been placed in the court house tower. By this means the lights in the clock tower will be turned on at 6 o'clock in the evening and off at midnight.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 14, 1910]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE CUSTODIAN [Fulton County]
COURT HOUSE CUSTODIAN LIFTS 430,000 POUNDS
Since Barney L. Perschbacher began his regime as custodian of the county court house he has hefted a weight of approximately 430,000 pounds in the winding of the tower clock. The estimated weight of the great balance is said to be in the neighborhood of 1,000 and Barney is required to wind the clock twice each week, or 430 times since he entered office four years and five months ago.
Perschbacher estimates that to wind the clock once it requires at least 100 turns of the great handle and thus he has made 43,000 turns of the great handle and his hands have traveled a distance of 584,800 feet, as the reach of the winding handle is two feet. In other words Barney's battle scarred hands have gone nearly 111 miles.
The 430,000 pounds of weight that have been lifted by the custodian have been carried thru a distance of 12,900 feet or over two miles.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 19, 1920]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE FLAG [Rochester, Indiana]
VJ-DAY FLAG CASEDHERE FOR POSTERITY
Fulton County's VJ-Day flag was today cased for posterity!
Workmen placed the big 8x12 foot emblem which flew only once from the staff in front of the courthouse--to proclaim the Return of peace and the end of the great World War--in an appropriate case, and hung it against the north wall in the west lobby of the court house, where posterity may view it during the years to come.
This flag, purchased exclusively for the emblem of peace, was raised on the staff immediately upon official news of the surrender of Japan and remained at top staff until lowered under appropriate military ceremony, by the American Legion, on the evening of the following day, at the conclusion of the big Victory parade.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, December 10, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE FLAG POLE [Rochester, Indiana]
TO ERECT FLAG POLE
Isom New and Jonas Myers, backed by the local G.A.R. boys are agitating a movement to place a flag pole in front of the court house, where Old Glory may float on proper occasions. They will appear before the commissioners at their next meeting and ask permission to erect the pole and they say that if the county refuses to purchase a flag that they will buy one themselves and give it to the county. If the plan carries, the veterans intend to get a huge flag for each of the school buildings. This is a very commendable action on the part of the old soldiers and should receive the hearty support of every patriotic citizen.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 25, 1907]

FLAG POLE WANTED
The topic of conversation among the Rochester G.A.R. boys now is a flag pole for the public square on which old Glory may be floated on all national holidays and memorial days.
The plan first contemplated an appeal to the commissioners to put up the pole but as they cannot do so without an appropriation by the county council and as they cannot act on new business until their annual meeting in September, some other means of raising the money will be adopted so as to get the pole ready for dedication next Decoration day.
The plan now considered favorable is to build a cut stone base just south of the town pump and mount in it a steel flag pole 75 feet high. This will cost from $150 to $200 and it is believed the money can be easily raised by popular subscription. We have long needed a good flag pole about the court house and will doubtless soon get it.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday March 2, 1908]

G.A.R. FLAG POLE
The work of getting the G.A.R. flag staff raised in front of the public square is going forward each day and the pole will soon be ready for use.
The G.A.R. have decided to place copies of both Rochester papers in the first 20 ft. section of the staff and also that anyone who has a little memento of any kind may have it deposited therein if they will leave same at Wolf & Howard's jewelry store at once.
The flag for the staff has been donated by Val Zimmerman in memory of his father, the late Hon. V. Zimmerman. The Post has accorded Mr. Zimmerman the honor of raising the flag, which will be done with impressive ceremony on Decoration day at 10:30 o'clock, in the morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 9, 1908]

FLAG POLE RAISED
The new steel flag pole purchased by G.A.R. Post No. 95, was placed in position today, by "Dick" Lowman and a corps of assistants. A large crowd watched the erection and were very much impressed with the idea after it was in position. The pole is 85 feet in height with 8 feet under the surface. In the lower section the mementos taken to Wolf & Howard's jewelry store were placed. The articles consisted of the Rochester Republican, Rochester SENTINEL, the Key to the old court house, pictures of the present court house, the old one and the grandaddy of them all, an old blue infantryman coat that belonged to the Post and many other things. The flag will be raised Decoration day morning at 10:30 o'clock.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 13, 1908]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The work of cementing the base of the new G.A.R. flag pole was done today, between showers, by Marsh Hill and when finished the pole will be in a solid bed of rock and cement. As usual in things of public interest the usual number of queries are being made. "How high above ground is the pole," is a universal question. "How big is the little ball at the top?" "How long is the arrow?" etc. But the question that beats them all was asked by a young saleslady in a drygoods store. "How in the dickens can you tell which way the wind is from by that "whirley-mi-gig on top?"
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 14, 1908]

OLD GLORY TORN
A fact to be regretted was the tearing of the new flag that waved from the G.A.R. flag pole in front of the court house. The flag was run up Tuesday morning and about eleven o'clock the wind blew it up in such manner as to cause it to get caught on the weather arrow. All efforts to pull the flag down were unavailing and soon the wind tore a large strip loose. Finally in the evening the larger piece of the flag was taken down and the remainder floats from its lofty position in defiance to all wishes that it might blow loose and fall to earth.
It is not known what will be done but in all probability a new flag will have to be purchased as no one seems to care about climbing the pole and securing the captive portion of Old Glory.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 3, 1908]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Adolph Parker was given the job of going up the G.A.R. flag pole and taking off the weather arrow and rod upon which it rested. It will be remembered that the part taken off the top of the pole is what caused the new flag to become torn, so the Post decided to remove it. Adolph was pulled up on a swinging nest by the aid of the pulley at the top and the rope, which is usedd to draw up the flag.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 8, 1908]

NEWS OF THE DAY
A new flag has been donated to the soldier boys by Hon. Geo. W. Holman the condition being that it shall be on the flag pole every day unless some other one is used. The fine Zimmerman flag which was torn on the weather vane has been repaired by the factory that furnished it and so we now have two fine emblems of Old Glory to float from our magnificent flag staff.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 12, 1908]

GRETONA ACCEPTS JOB OF REPAIRING COUNTY'S FLAG POLE
County Auditor J. Harold Read today announces that Otto Gretona, head of the Gretona high-wire act trop of circus and fair performers, who make their home in this city, has volunteered to repair the riggings atop the court house flag pole.
Gretona is thoroughly experienced in operating at dizzy heights and the task of replacing a pulley and connections at the top of the 70-foot steel pole should not prove baffling to Otto. The auditor stated Gretona would make the repairs on the first mild temperatured day and it is quite probable Gretona will have a good crowd around the court house lawn to witness this special "free" aerial act.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, November 8, 1943]
OTTO GRETONA REPAIRS COURT HOUSE FLAGPOSE
Otto Gretona, one of the Great Gretonas, circus and aerial stars, probably made the finest aerial performance of his entire career Wednesday afternoon when he climbed to the extremity of the 70-foot flagpole on the west side of the court house and repaired the pulley there, making it possible for the Stars and Stripes to again fly for the local citizens' view. Gretona made the ascent at 1:30 o'clock Wednesday afternoon and finally came down two hours later with the pulley completely repaired.
The aerialist explained that the job was one of the toughest of his entire career, the pole being "slick as ice," due to the aluminum paint on the structure and the weather conditions.
The pole, which is common gas pipe, was erected in 1904 by the Ross brothers, and has passed its 29th birthday this fall. Due to the content of the flagpose being iron, it is not very flexible and under increased weight may snap. Gretona is use to the common steel pole used by high wire performers which is extremely flexible and which has a high elastic content.
The high-wire man, however, made his last and finest contribution to Fulton county welfare when he graciously contributed the money received for performing the task to the Fulton county National War Fund. Every cent was turned over to the war effort.
Donald Pyle, court house custodian, completed the ceremonies yesterday morning when he raised Old Glory once again to the topmost part of the flagpole.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, November 20, 1943]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE LADIES REST ROOM [Rochester, Indiana]
REQUEST GRANTED
Last week a committee of women interested in civic improvement, representatives from the Womans' Improvement club of Fulton county, the Womans' club of Rochester, and the Daughters of the American Revolution, met with the county commissioners and presented a petition signed by three hundred women of Fulton county, petitioning this honorable body to grant a room in the court house for the purpose of a rest room for the women of Fulton county. The request was granted and there is now a canvas being made by patronesses among club women and business women for a sum to maintain and equip the rooms. The sum of one dollar per year, fifty cents payable every six months in advance, is the fee for joining the Womens' Improvement club of Fulton county. Every woman in Fulton county is invited to join this club, which is being promoted by Miss Jennie Thompson, who was the founder of the first neighborhood club in East Rochester. The East Rochester club is composed of twenty-one members, which will continue its activity in the neighborhood, having accomplished much good in the last year. They created and maintained a park, planting trees and flowers, and induced many to beautify lawns and clean up in that section. Improvement about the homes is of the first importance and if a half dozen members of an organization agree to uniformly clean up and plant and make sightly, others will see and imitate. Neighborhood clubs will be founded in all parts of our city and country for civic improvement and betterment and Rochester will have an annual house cleaning under auspices of these clubs.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 11, 1910]

FULTON COUNTY COURT HOUSE WELLS [Rochester, Indiana]
A new well is being driven on the court house lawn at the corner of Main and 9th Sts. and a fountain similar to the one now in use on the corner of Main and 8th Sts. will be installed. This will be a great convenience to the South Side business men, who have been compelled to walk that extra square heretofore. Farmers who are in the habit of hitching their horses along the racks west of Stockberger and Hisey's hardware will also enjoy the privilege of watering their horses at the new fountain.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, July 6, 1909]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The new fountain for the well on the southwest corner of the public square has arrived and will be put in place as soon as possible.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 15, 1909]

FULTON COUNTY COURTS [Rochester, Indiana]
See Fulton County Court House
__________

COURTS AND LAWYERS
The story of courts in Fulton county is a brief one. The Circuit court was organized late in the year 1836 and was joined with St. Joe and a number of other counties in the 8th Judicial circuit. A Probate court came into existence in 1837 and lived until 1853, when, by an Act of the Legislature, the jurisdiction of this court was transferred to a court of Common Pleas which had an existence of twenty years. Hugh Miller, Carter Hathaway, Kling G. Shryock, Thos. C. Whiteside and James Carter being the presiding Judges. This court, however, was abrogated by the Legislature in 1873 and its jurisdiction was transferred to the Circuit court which has since transacted all of the business before delegated to the other courts.
The Fulton Circuit court has but little sensational history. But three murder trials have ever been conducted here - the Vandercar, Patrick McGuire and the Italian cases - and in none of these was the evidence such as to establish more serious developments than crimes committed in the heat of passion. The Judges of the Circuit court since the re-establishment of the courts by the new constitution of Ind., have been Thoas. Stanfield, Andrew Osborn, E. V. Long, Horace Corbin, Sidney Keith, Jacob S. Slick, Wm. B. Hess, Isaiah Conner and A. C. Capron. The present practicing attorneys are M. L. Essick, Milo R. Smith, Sidney Keith, Isaiah Conner, Enoch Myers, Julius Rowley, George W. Holman, Harry Bernetha, M. A. Baker, John W. Smith, Henry Bibler, O. F. Montgomery, Rome C. Stephenson, P. M. Buchanan, W. W. McMahan, C. K. Bitters and Frank H. Terry.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

FULTON COUNTY CREDIT BUREAU [Rochester, Indiana]
PLAN CREDIT BUREAU
The Fulton County Credit Bureau is in the process of organization and letters have been mailed out to all merchants in Rochester and Fulton county explaining the plan. The group is to be managed and planned by merchants to give out dependable credit information.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 26, 1939]

FULTON COUNTY DEFENSE COUNCIL [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Fulton County Rationing Board
See: Halstead, H. J. "Hal"

FULTON COUNTY DRAFT BOARD WW-I [Fulton County]
Also called Conscription Board.
Frank H. Terry, Secretary.

FULTON COUNTY DRAFT BOARD WW-II [Fulton County]
See American Red Cross
See: Draft Registration
See: Selective Service World War II
See: Service Men World War II
See: Stinson, A. E.
See: World War II

__________

FULTON COUNTY DRAFT BOARD HAS BEEN NAMED
Governor M. Clifford Townsend today announced the names of 488 Indiana citizens recommended to President Roosevelt for appointment to Indiana's 152 local selective boards.
Appointment will be made dirctly by the President from Governor Townsend's recommendations. Members of the boards will serve without pay and will be responsible for selecting those persons who are to remain at home to fill necessary jobs or support dependents, and those who will be classified as available for military service.
Local Board
Members of the Fulton county board are Frank E. Bryant, Rochester; George P. Buchanan, Rochester; Carl Russell, Kewanna.
Task of selecting the members of the important local boards was begun in Indiana several weeks before the passage of the Selective Service law. All county clerks were requested to supply lists of private citizens reprsenting the various political and economic interests of the county to a special advisory committee appointed by the governor.
Under the Selective Service regulations prescribed by the President, there will be at least one local board for each county of the state. Larger counties will have a board for approximately each 30,000 of population. Fulton county will have one board.
Lists to President
Local boards will receive completed registration cards from the county clerk after the registration of all men between the ages of 21 and 35 on October 16. Cards will be thoroughly shuffled by each board and numbered. A list of all registrants together with their numbers will be sent to the President and a second list will be posted within the county.
When registration and numbering of cards has been completed throughout the counry, the President will draw numbered lots while the nation looks on to find who will be the first to be selected under the country's first peace-time selective service program.
Numbers drawn by the President and officials of the War Department will be posted prominently and immediately reported to local boards. All persons whose numbers have been drawn, will receive a questionnaire which must be filled out and returned to the local board. Advisors are to be attached to each board to assist men in filling out the questionnaires and explaining the program.
Boards will then classify men whose numbers have been drawn on the basis of the questionnaire. Those who fall within class one become immediately eligible for call by the President, although any citizen man appeal the decision of the local board to a district board of appeals. Medical examinations by local examining physicians, one of whom will be attached to each board, may also be appealed to district medical advisory boards.
The Selective Service law provides that all male citizens and all aliens residing in the United States or the territories must register on October 16. Only those persons now in the armed services are exempted from registration.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, October 14, 1940]

LEWIS STEWART NAMED TO COUNTY DRAFT BOARD
Lewis Stewart was notified today by Governor M. Clifford Townsend that he had appointed him as the third member of the Fulton County Selective Service board which is more commonly known as the draft board.
Mr. Stewart is part owner of the Rochester Lumber company. He took his place on the draft board this morning. Mr. Stewart is a veteran of the World War.
Other members of the board are Carl Russell, Kewanna, chairman, and Attorney Daniel S. Perry. The board has its offices at 727 1/2 Main street.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, November 18, 1940]

WHIT GAST APPOINTED TO LOCAL DRAFT BOARD
Carl L. Russell this week announced his resignation as Chairman of the Fulton County Local Selective Service Board, effective January 1st, 1943, due to ill health for the past sevral months.
Mr. Russell was appointed on October 6, 1940 by Governor Townsend and has served with Mr. Lewis H. Stewart and Mr. Daniel S. Perry since that date.
State Headquarters has announced that Mr. Whitney Gast, of Akron, has been appointed to fill the vacancy.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, December 31, 1942]

BOARD REORGANIZED
The Fulton County Local Selective Service Board has reorganized with Mr. Lewis H. Stewart, chairman, Daniel S. Perry, secretary, and Whitney Gast, member.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, January 4, 1943]

FULTON COUNTY FAIR [Fulton County]
Was held in a wooded area (now City Park) at west edge of Rochester.
Later moved to W 3rd street, Located due W of I.O.O.F. cemetery

FULTON COUNTY FAIR ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]
At a meeting of the stockholders of the Fulton County Fair Association held this afternoon at the court house, the following men were elected directors: From Wayne township, William Walsh; from Union, John Barnett; from Aubbeenaubbee, George W. Brugh; from Liberty, Lucian Savage; from Rochester, William Rouch, Jack Haimbaugh and Walter Brubaker; from Richland township, George Adams; from Henry, J. J. King; and from Newcastle, Amos Drudge.
John W. Costello was nominated for director from Wayne township, but only received 68 votes while Walsh received 75. G. W. Weir was nominated for director from Richland township, but only received 40 votes, while Adams received 123.
The secretary's report showed that the association had paid during the past year the sum of $530 on the outstanding debt. The newly elected directors will meet next Saturday, when they will elect a secretary, treasurer and presient for the coming year.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 29, 1913]
.
FULTON COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS [Rochester, Indiana]
[CAVEAT: Two places are referred to as the Fair Grounds: one located approximately N of 13th, and running to the Rochester High School grounds; the other located on the Tim Baker farm now part of Manitou Heights. -WCT]

See Lake Manitou and Athletic Club.
__________

FAIR GROUNDS FAILED TO SELL AT AUCTION
Only one bid, that offered by Tim Baker for $2,510, was received for the fair grounds at the auction of the grounds conducted Saturday by the Fulton County Farmers' Association. This bid was rejected as being too low to liquidate the indebtedness of the association and plans are now being formulated for placing a price on the grounds and selling direct to a purchaser. In the event that this plan fails, it is probable that the association will be placed in the hands of a receiver.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 16, 1922]

FAIR GROUNDS TO BE SOLD TO LOCAL MEN
Ninety-eight citizens of Rochester have lined up behind A. J. Haimbaugh and Howard Reed to purchase the Fulton County Fair Grounds and they will take immediate steps to take over the property.The one hundred men will form an organization for the purpose of buying the grounds and putting the same to some good use. $3,500 will be the purchase price.
The fair grounds were put up at sale several weeks ago but only one bid was made and that was too low. No other bids for the land and building have since come in. Realizing that the property must be sold if all indebtedness was to be paid, A. J. Haimbaugh, president and Howard Reed, secretary of the Fair Association, got busy and obtained the signatures of the ninety-eight business men of the city to a paper along with their own, wherein they each agreed to subscribe $100 to make the purchase.
As soon as the subscribers organize they will buy the grounds, and then at a future meeting decide what they shall do with their property. Some favor putting on another fair and placing the management in the hands of young men who will give it new life. Others seem anxious to make the ground a place for holding reunions, picnics, political meetings, carnivals and between times use it for a public park.
Just as soon as the purchase is made and the transfer is accomplished all those who hold bills against the old fair association will be paid in full and the Fulton Conty Agricultural and Mechanical Society which has conducted the fairs near Rochester for nearly a half century will be a thing of the past.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 6, 1922]

OWNERS OF FAIR PROPERTY FAVOR PRESENT VIEWS
The thirty-five men who subscribed a hundred dollars each to purchase and preserve the old Fair Grounds met at the assembly room of the First National Bank, Tuesday evening, to formulate plans of action. Henry A. Barnhart was chosen temporary president and John McClung secretary. The subscription heading and obligation was read and then Jack Haimbaugh suggested the organization of a new Fair Society of the subscribers. This precipitated lengthy consideration of the undertaking and it was agreed that, under the subscription provision the purchase of the ground is all that can be done at present.
Then a lengthy presentation of the merits and demerits of renewing the County Fair was given by various men present. Wm. H. Deniston said he subscribed for the sole purpose of preserving the grounds and trees of the Fair Ground for future amusement purposes and if a Fair organization wants to take over the matter that will be an after consideration. Howard Reed said he considers the County Fair the one big event of Fulton County, where people assemble in annual reunion and gather new ideas and new inspiration for larger success in their vocation. Frank Moore became eloquent with enthusiasm when he pictured the possibilities of enlarged Fair Grounds, changing the race track to the north of the present grounds adjoining the paved road, moving the ampitheater where the entire track would be in view, building one big exhibition hall for art, farm products and merchandise; another for hogs, poultry and sheep, up to date stallage for horses and cattle; and over all flying the stars and stripes and the banners of a great district Fair. R. P. True, Ray Newell, Frank Davisson, A. D. Robbins, Charley Stahl, Norman Stoner and others talked favorable to an up to date attractive Fair, with young and ambitious blood in it and Henry Barnhart suggested that a union of the Farmers' Organization and the Young Men's Business Association backing a real Fair movement would be both important and necessary.
An organization of the thirty-five subscribers was then effected as follows: Frank F. Moore, president; R. P. True, vice-president; Howard Reed, secretary; Norman Stoner, treasurer and Wm. H. Deniston, A. D. Robbins, A. J. Haimbaugh, Harry Bernetha and Ray Newell, directors.
These officials were instructed by unanimous vote to secure enough additional subscribers to meet the necessary expense of organizing the subscribers into a legal incorporation and a little over for a treasury balance to cover incidentals and go right ahead with the collection of the money and purchase of the grounds as soon as the new organization is perfected as the proper deed can be made to it.
It was then ordered that the capitalization of the new corporation be fixed at $10,000 with non-assessible shares of $100 each. Treasurer Stoner asked that everybody have their subscription ready for q uick action and the meeting adjoiuned.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 15, 1922]

GIVE OVER DEED
The Fulton County Fair Association has transferred title in the fair grounds to Trustees Harry Bernetha, William Deniston and Norman Stoner of the newly formed company of 35 men who purchased the grounds for $3,500.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 3, 1922]

COMMITTEE WAS OUT LOOKING OVER GROUND
A committee of the recently organized fair association was in executive session Friday afternoon looking over the prosepective fair grounds site on the Tim Baker farm adjoining the lake. The ground has been surveyed and the committee in its trip of investigation Friday, expected to decide definitely what action will be taken in the near future.
[Rochester SEntinel, Friday, April 21, 1922]

RACE TRACK IS BEING BUILT AT FAIR GROUNDS
A fair for Rochester and Fulton county now seems assured as the result of the leasing by the newly organized association of a portion of the Tim Baker farm on the banks of the lake for this purpose. A committee headed by Norman Stoner and Howard DuBois are already at work building a race track, which they claim will be one of the best in this section of the state, and the building committee, John McClung and Frank McCarter is prepared to go ahead with the construction of the building as soon as the track has been completed. While the corporation has not been formed as yet nor the lease consumated, these things are under way and will be completed as soon as possible. Verbal arrangements have been made for the use of the grounds pending completion of the articles of incorporation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 24, 1922]

FAIR GROUNDS OWNERS VOTE TO INCORPORATE
The new fair association held an enthusiastic meeting last night in the basement of the First National Bank, with 20 of the 35 stockholders present. The form for the incorporation papers submitted was unanimouly accepted. Among the articles of incorporation are the name, "Manitou Fair and Athletic Club Incorporated." The capital stock provides for $20,000 divided into two hundred shares of $100.00 each with shares of stock fully paid up and non-assessable. The object of the association and the business to be done by the corporation shall be the purpose of advancing agriculture in general; of the pure bred livestock industry and such athletic exhibitions as are consistent with the laws of the state of Indiana.
The estimates reported by the several different committees, showed an approximate cost of fencing the ground, building a one-half mile track, erecting the grand stand, having a capacity of 1,500 people and all other buildings amounting to $16,000.
There was a unanimous vote to lease the ground on the Baker farm, and the new Board of Directors was given the power to negotiate the lease. The Board of Directors was also given the power to sell the old fair ground.
Among the general talks, there seemed to be a feeling that work should proceed as soon as fifteen more subscribdrs were attained and have the ground fenced, track and grand stand built in time for some form of a Fourth of July celebration.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 29, 1922]

COUNCIL DECIDES TO PURCHASE OLD FAIRGROUND SITE
At a special meeting of the city council Monday evening that organization voted unanimously to purchase the old fair grounds in the southwest part of the city. The purchase price is $2,500. The manner in which this sum will be paid is yet to be worked out by the council, which will probably decide this angle at the next regular meeting on Tuesday, May 22.
The meeting was attended by a large number of citizens who were interested in the proposal, including members of the Young Men's Business Association and officers of the Lake Manitou Fair and Athletic Association, which now ownes the ground.
Those people, including Otto Carlson, Norman Stoner, Herman Coplen, J. H. Shobe, Henry A. Barnhart, Ray Newell and John Bringham, all made brief speeches in favor of the project. The main point brought out was the fact that whether or not the city ever needs the ground for a park, which at this time seems improbable, it is the only wooded ground in the community that would be available for such purposes and for that reason should be preserved.
It was also pointed out that the city could not make a mistake in making the purchase from in investment standpoint, as the ground will always be worth considerably more than the purchase price.
It had been the intention of the council to make the decision reached Monday evening a week from Tuesday but the members of the fair board had received an offer of $3,000 for the plot, but wanted the city to have first chance to make the purchase and asked for an immediate decision.
The members of the city administration also expressed themselves on the subject and when the proposition was put to a vote, there was not a dissenting vote made, altho prior to Monday evening's meeting, several members of the council had been luke-warm in their approval of the prospective purchase.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 15, 1923]

The Little League is at the west end of 11th street at the northeast edge of the City Park, which years ago was known as the Fulton County Fairgrounds. And again the minds of older citizens of this community will recall the annual affair where the farmers brought in their prize pumpkins, exhibited their fat stock, age chicken noodle soup at th Evangelical Ladies' cook tent, visited with neighbors and acquaintances and watched the horse races.
Attractions of vatious kinds were available to take the pocket change from the unwary. There was the "Man Buried Alive" where for a five-cent piece you could look down an eight-inch boxed chute and see him six feet under earth. Of course a "Girlie" show was on the grounds where the men folks slipped in for a half-dollar to see girls dance in or almost in shocking attire which would be much, much more clothing than most of our darlings now wear any day on Main Street.
Among the followers of the King's Sport was the late Dr. Babcock, Dan Hisey, Ike Wile, John Spaid, Pete Campbell and many more too numerous to mention. During World War I the Fair held its first night session with fireworks display and night races. The local military organization, "The Home Guards," did police duty and a Woman's Auxiliary Military Group from Peru was a main attraction.
Later the Fairgrounds were abandoned for a location near the west shore of Lake Manitou and after a few years the Fair itself came to an end. The original location with its beautiful forest trees became the property of the City of Rochester and this year under the supervision of George Hawk is a thing of beauty, peace, quietude. Families picnic, children play, a person meditates and nature expresses God.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 28, 1958]

In the early 1920's people were beginning to travel, and the town, hoping to capture some customers, permitted travelers to camp at the City Park, which they called Rochester Tourist Camp.
In the 1930's the S end of the park was used for the Rochester High School football field. There were bleachers enough to hold only forty or fifty fans.
Today the Rochester City Park is used during the summer for many family reunions, and is equipped with tennis courts, basketball courts, and playground equipment for the kiddies.
Approximately 1928 to 1935 the Fulton County Fair was moved to a field S of 9th Street in what later became Manitou Heights.
See Fulton County Agricultural & Mechanical Society.

FULTON COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS, FIRST [Rochester, Indiana]
The first Fulton County Fairgrounds were located W side of street from the area from 1318 to 1402 Main.
When the fairground was moved to the city park, this location was divided into three lots and sold.
See: Fulton County Agricultural & Mechanical Society
See: Rochester, Indiana [Historical Review]

FULTON COUNTY FARM BUREAU [Rochester, Indiana]
Purchased Ross Foundry & Machine Works in 1945.
In 1950 the machine shop was sold to Calvin Mikesell who named it Eighth Street Machine and Welding and did television repair in the little building on Race street where Howdy's Dairy Bar was later located.
The machine shop was torn down in the spring of 1971 and replaced with a building where House of Decor stands.
Last to operate the mill SE corner Main and Erie Railroad.
See: Downs Sawmill
See: Ross Foundry & Machine Works.
__________

FULTON FEDERATION IS INCORPORATED FRIDAY
The Fulton County Farm Bureau Association was incorporated at Indianapolis Friday by Ed. Jackson, secretary of state. The organization members will associate themselves together for the purpose of promoting the interest of agriculture and provide co-operative markets for the sale of farm products and the purchase of farm equipment and supplies including merchandise. No capital stock will be issued. The association will be controlled by 12 directors, one to be elected from each township. The names of the directors on the incorporation papers were John J. Werner, Rochester; Lewis F. Merley, Akron; Vere Calvin, Kewanna, Walter W. Wilson, Kewanna, Soloman Wildermuth, Stephen Milliser, William Metzger, Forrest Willoughby, Charles B. Sausaman, Frank C. Montgomery, Byron O. Smith, Don Carruthers and Howard Calloway.
[Rochester Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, November 16, 1923]
__________

MOTION PICTURE SHOWS TO FEATURE FARM MEETS
The different township farm bureaus scheduled a series of meetings that will be held once each month in each township. These meetings are open to all persons of the county. While each township farm bureau will hold business sessions at each meeting, the main part of the meeting will be social.
The Fulton County Farm Bureau has just received its new motion picture projector so that each meeting will have movies. The machine is a portable 110 volt, 100 watt outfit, fully approved by the State Fire Marshal of Indiana. With the machine is a generator which can be attached to an automobile so that current can be generated and made available for communities that are without electricity.
The first series of meetings will start on Monday, September 8th at Fulton in Liberty township. Meetings will be held at Richland Center, Leiters Ford, Grass Creek, Talma and Kewanna on September 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th respectively, and at Akron and Rochester on September 15th and 16th respectively.
All motion pictures at the farm bureau meetings will be largely educational in aspect. For the first program four reels will be shown. The educational film is one called "Out of the Shadows," a two-reel film showing the menace to human health of the disease tuberculosis in cattle. This is especially appropriate at this time since the county council has appropriated funds to eradicate this disease. There will also be one reel of farm bureau film called "Our Farm Bureau," and one reel of comedy "The Amateur Detective."
Women and children are especially urged to attend these meetings, as well as members of the farm bureau and others in each township. Find out from the local farm bureau officers when your township date will be.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, September 8, 1924]

[Adv] Everybody is invited to Attend OPENING Fulton County Farm Bureau CO-OP Saturday, June 22, Afternoon and Evening. - - - - - [Photo of new building SE corner East Ninth Street and Nickel Plate R.R.] - - - - The New Station will be open every night and Sunday from now on. If you buy $1 worth of any product sold by Co-Op you get a Free Sack of Flour Saturday Only. - - - - Fulton County Farm Bureau Co-Op, J. G. Newcomb, Manager.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 20, 1940]

ROSS BROS. MACHINE CO. SOLD TO FARM BUREAU
In a business transaction closed Thursday morning, Rochester's oldest business firm, The Ross Bros. Machine Shop and Foundry, became the property of the Fulton County Farm Bureau Co-Operative Assn.
James (Doc) Newcomb, manager of the Co-Op, stated that the shop was needed to conduct an establishment where repairs can be made to various kinds of farm marchinery and appliances which are sold by the association. Several improvements, he stated, would be made to the shop and that formal opening of the business which is situated on East 8th Street across the Nickel Plate R.R. crossing, will be held in about two weeks.
The purchase was made from the two surviving Ross brothers, Albert and Loy, who are retiring from active business. The Ross machine shop and foundry was founded approximately 80 years ago by their father and throughout that long tenure the business has never changed hands.
Donald Ross, a grandson of the founder, occupies one portion of the large one-story brick building for his garage and machine shop and will continue in that location, it was stated.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 29, 1944]

FULTON COUNTY FARMERS FEDERATION [Fulton County]
ERIE DAIRY TRAIN TO VISIT IN CITY
The special dairy train to be run over the Erie railroad in Indiana in the near future will stop off at Rochester where all people of the community may visit it and learn the latest methods of dairying and milk producing. This announcement was made by M. P. O'Brien and T. M. Palmer, two Erie officials, who met with County Agent Lundin and representatives of the Fulton County Farmers Federation and the Young Men's Business Association in the basement of the First National Bank Monday evening for the purpose of closing arrangements for the visit to Rochester. The tentative date set for the train to be in Rochester is Oct. 28th. A similar meeting will be held Tuesday evening at Akron to arrange for a visit to that city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 5, 1924]

FULTON COUNTY FARMERS INSTITUTE [Rochester, Indiana]
FARMERS INSTITUTE TO BE HELD HERE FEB. 15
Announcement has been made that the annual Fulton County Farmers Institute will be held in the court house here beginning Feb. 15, the day on which Purdue instructors have been assigned to the county.
A Mr. Ogg and a Mrs. Tuttle are the two experts, who will talk to Fulton county farmers and their wives. The local organization will meet soon and complete the program. Dr. W. A. Smith is president and C. K. Bitters, secretary.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 16, 1914]

FULTON COUNTY FIRST WHITE SETTLER [Fulton County]
William Polke grew up in Kentucky, acquired a fair education, studied law and was admitted to the bar. In 1797 he married Sally Cooper, and in 1806 moved to Knox County, Ind. He enlisted and served in the volunteer army of frontiersmen under General William Henry Harrison and was wounded in the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.
Polke served as judge in Knox County and in the territorial House of Representatives (1814-15). When Indiana became a state in 1816, he was a member of the convention that wrote the first state constitution.
In 1829 Polke was appointed commissioner for the sale of Michigan Road lands. In 1830 or 1831 he came to Fulton County to select, survey, mark and number the lands appropriated for the construction of the road, according to the 1826 treaty with the Potawatomi. This road was to be 100 feet wide and extend from Michigan City to Madison on the Ohio River. [It followed a more or less straight line from Madison to a few miles south of Logansport, but could not continue straight to Michigan City because of difficulty in crossing the Kankakee swamps. Hence the plans were changed -- WCT] to go to South Bend, then west to Michigan City. North of Rochester this is old Highway 31 and south of Rochester it is 25.
In the fall of 1831 Polke erected a double log cabin on the south side of the Tippecanoe River where the Michigan Road crosses it, and moved his wife and five children into it. Besides the cabin there was a trading post and post office called Chippeway. Polke was the postmaster.
A few years later Polke built a frame house north of the river on the east side of the road. This was the first frame house in Indiana north of the Wabash River, and years later it became the subject of historical excursions from colleges, according to Polke's great-granddaughter, Fanny Scott Rumley, who in 1975 was 97 years old living in LaPorte.
[Our First White Settler, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
The Fulton County Historical Society has possession of this house, which has been moved to the Fulton County Historical Society Museum, W side US-31 and Tippecanoe River.

FULTON COUNTY 4-H [Fulton County]
In his early life while working with his brothers, Robert P. Moore became leader of the County Pig Club which had been established by the Moores. Membership was quite low, so Bob and the first county agricultural agent, L. R. Binding, canvassed the county and induced 68 farm boys and girls to join the club. Entries were made from the club in the 1918 county fair. From this beginning other farm clubs were established, which later grew into the 4-H Association, resulting in the present 4-H Fair which is held annually at the grounds located on West Third Street, Rochester. He served on several occasions as a member of the Fulton County 4-H Fair Board of Directors.
[Moore Family, Reba Moore Shore, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, Willard.]

FULTON COUNTY FORUM [Fulton County]
LAUNCH FORUM IN KEWANNA TONIGHT
The executive committee and council of the Fulton County Forum will motor to Kewanna Wednesday evening where they will assist in the organization of a Forum. Rev. A. S. L. Warriner will speak on "The Need of Information" and Atty George Holman, candidate for delegate to the constitutional convention, will speak on "The Difference Between Statutory and Constitutional Laws."
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 18, 1917]

FULTON COUNTY GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY [Fulton County]
Fulton county is located in the third tier of counties south of the Michigan-Indiana line and is bounded on the north by Marshall county, on the east by Kosciusko, Wabash, and Miami counties, on the south by Miami and Cass counties, and on the west by Pulaski county. The outline of the county is very irregular, the south and east sides being dovetailed in with the townships of adjoining counties, and an area of 382 square miles is so embraced.
The county is roughly divided into two large triangles by the morainal hills of the Saginaw ice tongue, the moraine front coming into the county at the southeast corner and leaving at a point two miles east of the northwest corner. The north triangle is mainly underlain with gravel, while the southwest one is almost entirely without it, a great part of its area being occupied by what was formerly swamp lands. The Tippecanoe River traverses the county, entering near the northeast corner, passing in a southwesterly direction to a point near the center of the county, thence flowing northwest to leave the county near the northwest corner. This river forms the main drainage line and in conjunction with Mud Creek and several smaller streams and ditches, rather imperfectly drains the marsh and lowlands of the southeastern part of the county.
The physical characteristics of the county are largely the result of glacial action. Succeeding glaciers planed off our rock formations and deposited the glacial drift that gave the final character to the surface areas. The thickness of this drift, which is very diversified, is known only at Rochester where it ranges from 155 feet to 245 feet and at Kewanna where it varies between 167 feet and 208 feet in thickness. Rock from the region between Lake Superior and Hudson Bay is well represented in the soils of Fulton county, and even Lake Superior copper has been found in this vicinity, the presence of these materials proving beyond a doubt that the drift was deposited by glaciers. The glaciers, or lobes, that effected the final changes in the surface were the Erie, which came from the Lake Erie and lower segment of the Huron basins by a westerly course, and the Saginaw lobe, which pushed southwest from the Saginaw basin. The north third of the county is covered by the Maxinkuckee moraine, while the east and southeast portions are covered by the western slope of a bulky moraine formerd by the Erie lobe. These two moraines join in the northeast part of the county to form the Erie-Saginaw interlobate moraine, which passes into Michigan through the northeast part of Indiana. As the hills of the county were thrown up by the glaciers, so were the lakes the result of glacial action, which scoured out the deep gorges that form the present lake basins of the country. The melting and consequent recession of the ice lobes liberated vast quantities of water to find their way to the sea. The waters of this section found an outlet through the Tippecanoe River and by way of the Wabash River reached the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.
Lying as it does at the southern extremity of the prairies which cover the northern part of the state, the county has only about fifteen per cent of its area in prairie land which becomes almost entirely lost in the oak openings, or barrens, and heavy timbered land after the center is reached. The remainder of the surface of the county is pretty equally divided between barrens and timbered lands.
The morainic hills north of Rochester that, for the most part, comprise the northern triangle are composed of gravel and clay rising sixty feet above the narrow, deep gorges between. The highest point in the county is three miles northwest of Rochester--one-half mile north [?] of the Michigan Road--in Richland Township. These hills contain about sixty per cent of gravel almost without exception, clay being partly on top and partly on the bottom. Every hill is a gravel bed from eight to twenty feet in thickness under from four to six feet of clay. Gravel has been carried out from these hills in aprons to a distance varying from three to six miles. Although gravel is the principal component of the soil of these hills, a large bed of clay about 25 to 30 acres in extent is found four miles north of Rochester. Before 1890, this clay was used for the manufacture of brick and drain tile.
One half of the southern triangle is occupied by the lowlands which are unbroken sand flats traversed at long intervals by low ridges of windblown sand, and no gravel has been found even at the fifty foot level. Moving northward, the sand flats gradually give way to a clay surface soil with a gravel subsoil until at Aubbeenaubbee township, which forms the apex of the triangle, the clay attains a thickness of from two to four feet and the gravel ranges from two to five feet.
In the eastern part of the county, particularly in Henry township, the general level character of the county is broken by considerable hills. Here, also, is found some of the muck soil that is present in such large quantities in the western part of the county. About one-half mile south of Akron is situated a bed of clay approximately fifty acres in extent. This clay is extraordinarily pure for that of drift origin and the thickness of the bed is from six to seven feet. Although it will withstand a high temperature, a low percentage of fluxes precludes its use for vitrified products.
A large percentage of the soils of Fulton county are deficient in organic matter, about one-half being below four per cent. A considerable number of the soils contain less than 1,500 pounds of potash and nitrogen per acre in a layer six and two-thirds inches in depth. Fertilization with these elements would undoubtedly make these soils respond profitably. Tables show a large increase in the contant of plant food in cultivated soils as compared with that of virgin soils and they, also, indicate that there is a close relationship between the yield of corn and the potash and nitrogen content of the soil--as the postash and nitrogen increases, the yield increases.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp 17-20, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

FULTON COUNTY HATCHERY [Rochester, Indiana]
FULTON CO. HATCHERY WILL CONTINUE LEASE
The Fulton County Hatchery, formerly the Overmyer Hatchery, which was leased from Charles Overmyer by George J. Klemm of Fort Wayne, will continue in operation as originally planned.
Mr. Klemm passed away recently at his home in Fort Wayne from a sudden heart attack.
The business will continue under the management of Lloyd Hudkins, who was associated with Mr. Klemm.
Mr. Hopkins has had several years experience in the hatchery, feed and supply business and he will conduct the business in the same manner as in the past.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, November 25, 1939]

FULTON COUNTY HATCHERY WILL CONTINUE IN OVERMYER LOCATION
This week a deal was closed whereby the Fulton County Hatchery and its feed mill will continue in the location on East 6th street, formerly occupied by the Overmyer Hatchery.
This business will continue under the management of Lloyd Hopkins, who came here a year ago when this business became the FultonCounty Hatchery.
Mr. Hopkins states that the concern has had a very pleasan year and that the business has grown and developed very satisfactorily.
Considerable effort has been given by Mr. Hopkins and his capable staff of helpers, which includes his daughter Elizabeth and his feed mill supervisor, Robert Woodcox, to the improvement of the flocks that will furnish eggs for this Hatchery.
This staff has also given to the livestock feeder many timely suggestions on the problems that are constantly confronting t=him. - Adv.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 6, 1940]

FULTON COUNTY HATCHERY LEASES AGENCY BUILDING
In a business deal transacted Thursday afternoon, the Rochester Motors, Inc., leased their modern two-story brick building, 600-602 Main street to the Fulton County Hatchery, of this city. The building formerly housed the Ford automobile agency, which business was suspended on account of the restrictions placed on the sale of autos.
In an interview today, with Lloyd Hopkins, manager of the Fulton County Hatchery, it was stated he planned to complete the removal of the hatchery equipment from its present location on East 6th street, to the Main street building, on or before June 1st.
To Install Feed Mill
The manager also added that the capacity of the hatchery would be increased to 50,00-egg [sic] incubation and considerable new equipment would be added. A modern Hammermill feed grinding mill together with elevators and hoppers will be installed in the rear section of the building and the firm will do custom grinding as well as manufactring farm feeds and meals.
The spacious show room will be used for the display of the various assortments of equipment used in the poultry raising business as well as special feeds and supplies. The Fulton County Hatchery is agent for Purina feeds, the Salsbury Poultry Health Service and the Jamesway supplies.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, April 3, 1942]

C. I. BASHORE PURCHASES FULTON CO. HATCHERY
A business deal has just been completed in which The Fulton County Hatchery, located at the [SW] corner of 6th and Main streets, was purchased by C. I. Bashore, of Silver Lake.
Mr. Bashore owns hatcheries and feed stores at Silver Lake, Warsaw, North Manchester and Akron and sends large numbers of chicks over a large area.
The plant here will continue as The Fulton County Hatchery and will be under the management of Lloyd Hopkins. Very few changes will be made in the present program of the hatchery, the most beneficial change being a year-round outlet for the entire output of the capacity of the local unit.
Grinding and mixing service is being added to the feed department of the new plant and it promises to be one of the best equipped hatcheries and feed stores in Northern Indiana.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, September 3, 1942]

FULTON COUNTY HEALTH NURSE [Rochester, Indiana]
HEALTH NURSE REPORTS FOR FULTON CO. DUTIES
Miss Louise B. Kugel from the State Department of the Indiana Tuberculosis Association, has reported to the local Association for four months duty as Health Nurse in the County schools.
After a meeting of the County Committee, which is called for Wednesday evening by Dr. A. E. Stinson the County Chairman, a schedule will be arranged by which each township may receive the maximum of attention possible in the time allotted.
This nursing service has been made possible largely through the purchase of Christmas Seals by residents in the County, and it is necessary that Miss Kugel be given earnest and sympathetic co-operation in order that the county may reap the full benefit of her stay with us. Her official headquarters will probably be in the office of the County Superintendent of Schools in the court house.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, February 10, 1930]

FULTON COUNTY HEALTH OFFICER [Rochester, Indiana]
DR. A. L. OILER ARRIVES
Dr. A. L. Oiler, Fulton County Health Officer, arrived in Rochester Wednesday morning to assume his new duties as head of the All Time Health Department. He immediately started to work and intends to carry on the work of the organization which has been started by Dr. John Lee Hydrick of the Rockefeller Foundation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 14, 1922]

FULTON COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT [Fulton County]
COUNTY SOON TO HAVE HIGHWAY MOTOR TRUCK
Fulton county is to have a new motor truck for use on the free gravel road system according to a decision that has been reached by the county commissioners, who have advertised for bids to be received at the February meeting of the board. The specifications provide in the advertised notice call for a two and one-half ton truck with a gravel bed, the truck to be equipped with a scarifying or road scraping attachment to be made an integral part of the truck.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 10, 1923]

FULTON COUNTY HISTORY [Fulton County]
When Cass County was formed in 1828, it contained all of present Miami, Wabash, Fulton, Marshall, Kosciusko, Elkhart, and St. Joseph counties. For that reason, the earliest recorded history of Fulton County is found in the Cass County courthouse.
Fulton County was formed by the state legislature February 7, 1835, was organized January 23, 1836, and began operating as a county April 1, 1836. It was named in honor of Robert Fulton, the inventor of the steamboat.
When it was first created, Fulton County had only three townships: Richland, Rochester and Liberty. Each contained a third of the county sliced east and west. Later additional townships were created: Henry, February 26, 1838, from territory taken from the east end of Rochester Township; Wayne, August 27, 1838, from the west end of Liberty; Union, August 27, 1838, from the western part of Rochester Township; Newcastle, February 26, 1839, from the eastern half of Richland; and Tippecanoe, February 26, 1839 from the western part of Richland. On March 8, 1842, the name of Tippecanoe Township was changed to Aubbeenaubbee.
The first county commissioners were Martin Venard Samuel Sperry, and Michael Shore (great-grandfather of Byron Shore). They took no pay for their first year's work. They met April 11, 1836, at Robert Martin's house, laid off the county in three townships, appointed officials, set up tax schedules, called for elections and began all those things required by a county government.
Commissioners from other counties were appointed to select a county seat, and in June, 1836, they met at the home of Ebenezer Ward in Rochester and examined the various plats, claims, propositions, and inducements submitted by several proprietors and localities.
After careful consideration, the town of Rochester was designated as the county seat. There was a large number of settlers in the vicinity of Rochester, and several lots for public buildings and a cemetery were donated by Lot Bozarth, Alexander Chamberlain, Cyrus Taber, and George Ewing.
The first public building built by the new Fulton County was a log jail (18x20 feet) on the western part of the present courthouse square. It was built by Joseph Robbins in 1837 for $550. A new jail of stone, brick and oak was built in 1851 by Elijah Barnes for $2,493. The next jail and sheriff's residence was built in 1893 for $25,000.
The first courthouse was just a frame house built by Ebenezer Ward for $750 in 1837, located at 822 Main. It was later moved to 815 Monroe Street. About 1840 William Trimble kept a general store here. Later a select school was held in this building. It was torn down about 1904. The second courthouse was located on the present public square. It was built in 1847 by Henry Kent for $6,000, and looked like a church with a cupola on top. The present courthouse, looking much like a castle, was built in 1895 for $100,000.
The first circuit court session was held October 27, 1836 in Robert Martin's house. The very first case was a debt case. The first probate court session, also held in Martin's house, was May 8, 1837, with Joseph Robbins as first judge. Lot Bozarth served as the first Fulton County clerk, recorder and auditor. John Davidson was the first treasurer, Robert Martin first sheriff and William Polke first county surveyor.
[Birth of Fulton County, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

NARROW ESCAPE FOR COURT HOUSE
That the Fulton county court house narrowly escaped being located near the point where the Michigan road crosses the Tippecanoe river is a fact which is probably unknown to many persons living in the community at present, but true, never-the-less, according to the Indiana Magazine of History, published this month by Indiana university.
A bill making the territory about Rochester a county, was passed by the legislature Feb. 4, 1836, Fulton being the 75th county in the state to be organized. The act became effective April 1, 1836, and in June of the same year, locating commissioners came here to select a site for the county seat. The junction of the river and the road was advocated by many, but the commissioners finally selected Rochester, then a small village. There has been no trouble over the county seat since.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 6, 1914]

THE HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
IS A STORY OF PROSPERITY AND PROGRESS
Long before the Red Men had fled westward from approaching civilization a clause in an Indian treaty with the government, made in 1826, provided for a road 100 feet wide, extending from Lake Michigan to the Ohio River, a section of land for every mile of the road being granted for the construction of the thoroughfare. The survey was made in 1828, and this is the earliest history we have of the white men invading the wild precincts of the Indians, who wigwamed on the banks of Manitou and the Tippecanoe and slew the deer and strung the fish, then so plentiful, in and about these fresh water "runways." Aubbeenaubbee was the big man of this section then and continued at the head of his people until his violent death, in what is now Richland or Aubbeenaubbee township, at the hands of a son, who murdered him with a knife in a drunken row.
The work of constructing the Michigan Road was not effected until 1831 and '32 and soon after this avenue of civilization had penetrated the wilds of our county, civilization dawned in the coming of William Polk, the first white settler, who built a cabin on the Tippecanoe in 1831 and about the same time other white men located in the vicinity of where Rochester now stands. In 1835 and '36, however, several settlers, most prominent of whom was Alex. Chamberlain, found their way here, and the county was organized early in 1836 with several white citizens located here. Indian trading was the principal occupation for a few years, but the clearing of farms was the manual labor of the day, and the industry soon opened up an agricultural impetus which has spread to every section of land in the county, and developed many broad acres of as productive soil as our great state affords.
Right here a chapter of Fulton county history appears which is familiar to some extent, to all of northern Indiana. It was the discovery by the white man of the sea serpent or "Devil" in Lake Maniou, which suggested the lake's name, and history tells us it was a monster of such proportions as to startle the settlements all along the line of the Michigan Road. He was seen frequently by reputable settlers.
Fulton county developed rapidly in the vicinity of Rochester, and a grist mill, saw mill and Moore's Iron Works grew up as first industries. A carding machine for the manufacture of wool was a prosperous industry for many years, but the farmer had to haul his wheat to Michigan City and his pork and produce to Logansport to find a market for it, while settlers often suffered for want of groceries, etc., flour reaching the fabulous price of $18 per hundred on account of the scarcity occasioned by the impassability of roads.
John J. Shryock and Lyman Brackett were the first physicians, John B. Ward and Kline G. Shryock the first lawyers, Ebenezer Ward the first school teacher and David Shore and Susanna Ormsbee the first couple married in the county.
From the organization of the county to the outbreaking of the war of the rebellion the most important events of county history consisted of the felling of forests, building of houses and clearing of farms.
Five companies of Fulton county volunteers answered the call of the country to help save the union, viz: A, D, E, F and G. Captains of these companies at their organization were Milton L. Minor, Co. A; Joseph P. Collins, Co. D; Alfred D. Jackson, Co. E; Asa K. Plank, Co. F; and George P. Anderson, Co. G. Regimental officers of the 87th regiment, who lived in Fulton county, were K. G. Shryock, colonel; Fredus Ryland, adjutant; R. N. Rannells and Jerome Carpenter, quartermasters; and Vernon Gould, assistant surgeon; Jethrow New, McCaslin Moore, Jonathan Sanford, George Burch, Peter S. Troutman, George Truslow and H. C. Long were also promoted to captaincies of the local companies and many others of our citizens occupied honorable positions in the field of battle.
The war over, attention was again turned to the development of the county. The I. P. & C. railroad which was surveyed in 1860 was taken up again and completd from Peru to Michigan City in 1868, and with this new transportation facility, the county bristled with enterprises and a wave of general improvement and prosperity spread to every section of the county, the advanced standing of our property having its origin in the era of prosperity instituted by the completion of the railroad. But much of our soil was not profitably productive. Most of the fields were locatd on high "knobs" and hillsides of the county as the low lands were wet and cold and unproductive. But intelligent progress has taken our farms from the highlands and located them in the heavy timber valleys and rich loam prairies. Hundreds of thousands of dollars have been expended in drainage, and where bullfrogs, huckle berries and ague once offered formidable resistance to comfort and prosperity, the greatest crops of the county are now raised and our diversity of soil enables us to produce everything which grows with profit in the central west. Corn, wheat, potatoes, fruit, hay and garden truck crops always furnish a sufficiency to give us plenty and something to sell while the livestock industry has always been a source of colossal profit to the county.
These conditions are due both to the productiveness of the soil and our healthy and favorable climate. The long summer seasons, the abundant snows of winter and the copious rainfall of spring and autumn combine to make Fulton county rich in productiveness and exhilaration in climate influences. Malaria is practically unknown by the generation of today and rheumatics and other diseases, common to unhealthy climates, are seldom contracted since our drainage and forest-clearing have reached every quarter section of land in the county.
For industrial puposes Fulton county has an abundance of timber, fire clay, gritsand and convenient shipping facilities. Direct railroad communications with Chicago, Indianapolis and the northern Lakes give us an advantageous field for securing the benefits of competition. Our public schools and our smaller county towns are a credit to the intelligence and enterprise of any community.
But the real glory of Fulton county has not yet been proclaimed in this story. We refer to our improvements. Not only to the fine roads, substantial bridges and imposing public buildings, but our homes and our farms as well. We have more pretty houses, red barns and well kept yards than any of our neighbors. We have finer horses, better carriages, prettier women and more gallant whole souled men than could be counted on any other like territory in the country. We have a splendid county infirmary of 50 rooms, firproof brick building on 178 acres of fine farm land, and its average number of inmates from this county of twenty thousand people is only eighteen paupers.
The first jail in the county was built at a cost of $550 in 1827. It was a two story frame structure and served the public until 1851 when the brick jail which stood in the rear of the public square until torn down two years ago, supplanted it at a cost of $5000. This structure was used for nearly half a century when in 1893, commissioners Dudgeon, Deweese and Robbins built the elegant structure on a lot separate from the public square at a cost complete of about $23,000.
The first court house, a frame structure, 30 by 24 feet, and two stories high, was built in 1837 at a cost of $750. Ten years later the building was found to be inadequate for conducting the county's business and a new building was projected and built at a cost of $6000. It was a substantial two story brick, the finest court house in all of this section of the state when completed, and served the county for nearly half a century. But it too became too small and ancient for a progressive county and the board of commissioners made an order for a new one at the December term, 1894. The plans of A. W. Bush and son, of Grand Rapids, were adopted at the February term of court and the contract for constructing the building was let to J. E. Gibson, of Logansport, who built the present structure.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 17, 1914] [sic]

COUNTY HISTORY TO BE PUBLISHED IN NEAR FUTURE
The history of Fulton county is now being secured here by representatives of a well known publishing company with the view to publishing it, together with a history of Indiana, the latter to be edited by Logan Esarey, Ph. D., associate professor of western history in Indiana University. The Fulton county history will be edited by Henry A. Barnhart, of Rochester.
Mr. Barnhart will have with him in this work a staff of co-editors or advisors on such topics relating to the history of Fulton county as may be requested by him. These include Albert W. Bitters, William A. Deniston, A. A. Gast, Ina Whittenberger, E. B. Tippy, Austin Fary, Dr. L. C. Meek, Dr. B. F. Overmyer, F. P. Gould, George M. Calvin, E. J. Saunders, A. J. Murray, George Rentschler and V. H. Pownall.
The history of Indiana will take in that period of time from the state's exploration to the current year. It will be one of the foremost works of its kind produced thus far in any western state. A pamphlet has been prepared for circulation describing the history in detail and starts in with the French in Indiana, through the English period, 1763-1778 and the Revolutionary war.
More space is devoted perhaps to the Indian period, economic development, religion and education, the removal of the Indians and the Civil war period. The state school system is thoroly described together with agricultural development and politics of the state. Twenty-nine maps are contained in the history, which will be published in two volumes with the history of Fulton county to compose the third volume.
The history of Fulton county will treat in a concise, yet comprehensive manner of the various phases of development from the pioneer and his simple rugged life down to the present with its highly diversified civilization. The record of this typical American county will be illustrated and strengthened with biographies of men who were representative of the best in the various lines of human activity in their day. The number of histories published will be limited to the numbers of orders taken in advance of publication.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 10, 1922]
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ROCHESTER AND FULTON COUNTY SEES VISTA OF
NEW POSSIBILITIES AT THE CLOSE OF FIRST CENTURY
The section now known as Fulton County was prior to the year 1835 the country of the Pottawatomies under Aubbeenaubbee.
Under the treaties of 1826, 1832 and 1837 the Indians were gradually removed from the territory and by 1839, practically all of the native people had migrated to reservations provided for them in the various sections of the great West.
With the building of the Michigan road surveyed in 1828 white settlers began moving into this section, but according to best authority, it was William Polke who built the first cabin on the banks of the Tippecanoe just south of the bridge on road 31, north of Rochester. That was in 1831.
By 1835 sufficient settlers had arrived to prepare and petition the Legislature for a charter authorizing them to exercise the civil rights accorded other counties in the state and on February 5h of that year, the charter establishing Fulton County was issued. This charter was however, not declared operative until the first of April 1836.
On the second Monday in June, 1836, the county commissioners were authorized to examine and fix the site of a county seat and it was that time that the site of Rochester was decided upon and made a matter of official record.
Other Towns
Other towns in the county were established later. Kewanna, originally known as Pleasant Grove was founded about 1845, but it was not until 1858 that incorporation was effected. Akron, was laid out as Newark and bloomed as an embryo village in 1838.
With the establishment of a postoffice, which was called Akron, the name Newark passed after a brief history, never to return.
Both Kewanna and Akron, as well as Fulton, Leiters and other towns of the county have prospered under the guidance of community spirit and civic loyalty and stand today as tributes to the energy and foresight of those sturdy pioneers who founded them.
Court History
The history of the court in Fulton County, dates back to its original charter in 1836, when as a part of the Eighth Judicial District, the Honorable Samuel C. Sample presided as president judge of the first tribunal. It is recorded that other members of that term were: John Robbins and Anthony Martin, associate judges, Lot N. Bozarth was clerk and John Davidson, the sheriff.
Since that time, John W. Wright, Horace Biddle, H. Milroy, Thomas S. Stanfield, Andrew L. Osborne, Elisha V. Long, Horace Corbin, Sidney Keith, Jacob S. Slick, William B. Hess, Isaiah Conner, A. C. Capron, Harry Bernetha, S. N. Stevens, Reuben R. Carr, Hiram G. Miller and Robert Miller have served as judges of the courts serving the county. Judge Robert Miller's term will expire January 1, 1937.
While one of the smaller of Indiana counties, with a present population of approximately 16,000, Rochester Township occupies the position of one of the largest township units in the state.

War Records
Ever since Fulton became a unit in Indiana's roster of counties her people have been inspired by the acts of her soldiers and sailors.
While there were no doubt, some volunteers from this section who participated in the Blackhawk war, 1832, the records do not enumerate them.
In the Mexican conflict, 1846, many Fulton county men enrolled themselves at the call of the President and gave an excellent account of themselves.
The war of the rebellion, 1861-65, drew heavily on the manpower of this county, a total of some six or seven companies were raised, many of which saw service throughout the war.
In 1898, Fulton county sent Company B., together with many volunteers for other branches of the service. Some of these later saw service in the Philippine Insurrection and the Boxer campaign in China.
The World War, 1917-1918, took its toll in the young manhood of the community. Fulton county boys saw service during the conflict in England, France, Belgium, Italy and Germany, as well as upon the seven seas.
The archives at Washington bear mute evidence of the loyalty, devotion and sacrifice of Fulton county men in all wars, and among them are unqualified tributes to the bravery and intripidity of our sons and daughters who have responded to the call that the proud feats of the Fathers might live on, a vitalizing boon to those who are to follow.
Some Statistics
At the last general election, held Nov. 6, 1934, there were more than ten thousand registered voters of which more than eight thousand exercised their right of franchise.
Present approximates place the appraised value of taxable property in Fulton County in excess of 19,000,000.00 and taxable revenues at over $380,000.00 collected in 1934.
The political pendlum has swung back and forth for many years. On the forward stroke seating members of one major party and with the backward swing, substituting those of opposite political complexion, thereby keeping alive with never ceasing vigilance the American conception of politics in their most active form.
The county school system under a County Superintendent of schools, ranks among the highest in the State and Nation for accommodations of pupils, curriculum and faculty, thereby offering its citizens of tomorrow the full realization of the dream of the men and women of today and those many yesterdays.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934]

FULTON COUNTY HORSE COMPANY [Rochester. Indiana]
Protection Company. A number of our citizens met, pursuant to a previous notice, on Thursday evening last, at the Court House in this place, and formed an organization . . . for the detection, apprehension and arrest of horse thieves, felons, other cries and misdemeanors; the officers of the company were all elected, and the company is to be known as the Fulton County Horse Company.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, February 1, 1866

Horse Company. The Fulton County Horse Company will meet at the Court House on Saturday next. . . persons wishing to become members . . . will present their names . . By order of the President, Wm. P. Ball.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, October 25, 1866

FULTON COUNTY HORSE PROTECTIVE COMPANY [Fulton County]
Cyrus Horn Robbins was an organizer and charter member of the Fulton County Horse Protective Company (probably same as the Horse Thief Detective Association).
[Daniel Robbins Family Ervan Mark Robbins, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
[NOTE: From 1885 to 1896 the town of Green Oak had a Horse Theft Detective Association, and they branded "G.O." on the horse hooves for identification.]
See Green Oak, Indiana
__________

DETECTIVE ASS'N. TO BE FORMED IN COUNTY
Fulton county is about to have a second horsethief detective association, according to information received here Monday from Indianapolis where a petition for charter for the "Citizen's Horsethief Detective Association" of Fulton county has been placed on file. The trustees for the new organization, which is believed to be affiliated with the Ku Klux Klan, are Robert R. Tomlinson, Dean Neff and Archie Timbers. The local men refuse to make any statements regarding the new organization, saying that further publicity will not be given until the charter has been granted. It was intimated that the membership will reach 100 or perhaps even more.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 28, 1924]

FULTON COUNTY HORSE THIEF ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]
The Fulton County Horse Thief Association met in quarterly session at the court house this morning. They re-elected the officers of last year and received as new members, J. A. Coffing, Jerome Johnson, Wm. Blackburn and Voris Lowe. The association now has about one hundred members, twenty-five having been added during the present year.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 7, 1901]

FULTON COUNTY HORSE THIEF DETECTIVE ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]

LOCAL NEWS - SATURDAY
The Fulton county Horse Thief Detective Association was in quarterly session at the court house today. There are now 117 members and the organization is in a very healthy condition.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 7, 1902]

OFFICERS ELECTED
There were two important elections in Rochester Saturday.
The first was the Fulton County Horse Thief Detectives, who met in the court room in annual meeting for election of officers. Eight new members were admitted and the annual report of the thrifty organization was read and approved. Then the election of officers was announced and it resulted as follows: President, Frank C. Montgomery; Vice Presidents, Gus McClung and J. A. Ross; Secretary, John McClung; and Treasurer, James McClung.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 4, 1905]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The Fulton County Horsethief Detective Association met today in the circuit court room and held their regular quarterly meeting. Officers were elected for the coming year. Those elected are Frank Montgomery, Pres.; John Costello, Vice Pres.; Harvey Keim, Captain. The remainder of the morning session was taken up in transacting regular business. At noon the meeting adjourned until one o'clock when business was resumed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 11, 1909]

EVERY STOLEN HORSE HAS BEEN RECOVERED BY CO.
Since the Fulton County Horse Thief Detective Association was organized in this county 48 years ago, every horse stolen has been recovered. The association met at the court house this morning in a quarterly meeting and installed seven new members. There are now in the association 233 members comprising the second largest society of its kind in the state.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 6, 1915]

HORSETHIEVES ARE TO BANQUET DECEMBER 20
More than 60 members of the Fulton County Horsethief Detective association gathered at the court house Saturday morning for the December quarterly meeting of the organization when it was decided to hold another banquet similar to that held last year. The date set for the banquet is Thursday, December 20, but the details as to where and who the meal will be served by have been left to a committee composed of Secretary Jno. McClung, Ira Bastow and Clem V. Miller. The usual routine business was transacted prior to the decision to hold a banquet.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 1, 1923]

FULTON COUNTY INDIANA UNIVERSITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]
FIRST ANNUAL MEETING OF ALUMNI ASSOCIATION
The first annual meeting of the Fulton County Indiana University Alumni Association held at the First National bank following a dinner at the Foglesong cafe Thursday evening, was addressed by Coach John Millen, of the university, who has recently taken over the direction of the track work at the school. Coach Millen was here to take the place of Coach Ewald Steihm who was scheduled to have been present. His talk dealt entirely with athletics, in which he deplored the manner in which high school students are spoiled for college athletics by being worked too hard when their physical make-up is not yet matured.
George W. Holman, A. L. Whitmer and Miss Rosella Stoner also made brief talks, while M. C. Wakefield, high school coach here, acted as chairman. There were 21 attendants at the dinner and about 50 attended the meeting later.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 20, 1921]

FULTON COUNTY JAIL [Fulton County]
THE NEW JAIL BUILDING
Fulton County has but little use for a jail as she has but few criminals but when we do need one we need a good one as badly as the most vicious criminal center in the country. Our old jail has been a back number to our progressive county for years, and, besides, it has been condemned as unhealthy both as a prison and Sheriff's residence by every representative the State Board of Charities has ever sent here. But it has served its purpose fairly well. For forty-three years it has afforded a hostelry for safe keeping of the sheriff's criminal charges and but few have escaped. It is old and "shackly" and will soon be supplanted by the new jail and sheriff's residence now almost ready for occupancy and, which is located on a fine large lot at the north east corner of the public square.
The new building, as will be seen by the accompanying illustration, is a beauty. And it is more than that. It is of pressed brick, and oak and stone and iron and steel and slate, and strong enough to last the county for the next half century.
The sheriff's residence is the front or main part of the building. It is full two stories with a commodious basement and attic. In the basement the coal bins, furnace and kitchen cellar occupy the space. The first floor has a parlor, sitting room, dining room, kitchen, pantry and hall. The second floor is partitioned into a nice hall and four roomy, well ventilated bedrooms. The north east corner of the main part of the building is partitioned off with heavy brick and steel walls for prison purposes. On the first floor is the jailer's office and female section of the prison, which section composed of three steel cages or cells surrounded by a hall and all within steel grated doors and windows. The second floor of this section is partitioned into a boy's department and jail hospital. The boy's department is similar to the female prison, having three cells and corridor, but the hospital is an open room, lined throughout with steel and enclosed with steel doors and steel barred windows.
The jail proper is two stories high and is built of steel, iron, stone, brick and slate, no wood being used in its construction except the window frames and sash. The floors are of concrete, underlaid with steel and brick, and the ceiling is of five ply steel. The cells, twelve in number, are in the center of the room, being entirely surrounded by an open corridor. Six of them are on the first floor and six on the second, and all are arranged so that there can be no possible means of communication between them, except that of conversation. The six cells on each floor are divided into two sections by a cell hall eight by twenty feet, and this ordinary prisoners will be permitted to occupy during the day time. No prisoners will be allowed in the corridor surrounding the cells and next to the outer walls, and the sheriff's guest who gets out will go through the doors or cut out through five ply steel bars a half inch thick by two inches wide, three of the plys being so hard that a file will not scratch them, and two of wrought iron so tough that no force less than dynamite explosion could sever them. The beds will be canvas hammocks swung inside the cells, and will be rolled up and out of the way during the day. There are bath rooms for both sections of the prison and one for the residence. There are "peep holes" for watching prisoners, which also serve the purpose of sound collectors, conducting the same into the jailer's office, thus enabling him to detect the slightest suspicious noise, or to watch the prisoners when they least suspect it.
There is but one entrance to the jail and that through the jailer's office. And this entrance is obstructed by five steel doors. The door at the entrance to the prison room is an ingenious arrangement. It is a double door, the outer one being of solid steel plate and the inner one a circular door of steel grating. Thus when the jailer starts into the jail he opens the solid door and then the half circle formed by the grated doors enables him to step far enough into the room to see that there is no danger of being surprised and assaulted by a prisoner who has planned such a mode of escape. Another modern and interesting devise is the "feeding crane." This is a running or sliding tray, which enables the jailer to feed his prisoners without going inside the room or near them. There is also a shower bath room, and when a prisoner refuses to clean up or becomes refractory, he will be shut up in this room and the hose turned on him.
Everybody who has visited and inspected the jail pronounces it great in every detail. And the work is being rounded up just as planned, and within the estimated cost of twenty thousand dollars. This splendid and economical achievement is largely due to the architects, Messrs. Kratsch & Laycock, of Logansport. From the very beginning they have closely scrutinized every step of the contractor, and the result will be, their superior plans and specifications will be fulfilled satisfactorly. They have proven themselves trustworthy and reliable architects and business men, and their work here stands as a monument to the possibility of an architect making plans and specifications for a building which, when completed, will cost within the appropriation.
In addition to the watchfulness of the architects the commissioners have, individually, looked carefully and constantly to the interest of the county, and the sub-contractor, Mr. George Paulisson, is giving the building committee no trouble except the delay in finishing the work which he attributes to the delay of the contractors in getting the steel and from work in on time to enable him to enclose the building and finish the interior work. Twenty workmen are making things hum in the building now and it is all done except the doors, ceilings, stairways and concrete floors, to complete which will require about thirty days yet.
All in all it is a splendid improvement, one which our people may justly point to with pride as being one of the finest small jails in the state, and built at the lowest possible cost.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 19, 1894]

COUNTY OF FULTON
The first jail in the county was built, at a cost of $550, in 1837. It was a two story frame structure and served the public until 1851 when the brick jail, which stood in the rear of the public square until torn down two years ago, supplanted it at a cost of $5,000. This structure was used for nearly a half century when, in 1893, commissioners Dudgeon, Deweese and Robbins built the elegant new structure, shown here, on a lot separate from the public square, at a cost, complete, of about $25,000.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

STEAM HEAT IN THE JAIL
As this is one of the coldest days we have had this year and the new heating apparatus in the jail and Sheriff's residence is being tested, Architect Mills, who planned the system, took the board of commissioners, the court officers, Judge Capron, newspaper representatives and a squad of citizens to show them how the new heater works.
When Sheriff Fultz opened the door and admitted the crowd they stood in an atmosphere so balmy that they loosened their overcoats and looked comfortable as a man sitting on a log. They went in all of the rooms -- up stairs and down cellar -- and found every nook and corner the same warm termperature and all decided that the system is certainly a big success.
The plan is a single pipe system. A large underground pipe takes steam from the boilers used to heat the court house and after it reaches the basement of the jail the steam is distributed to all parts of the building by a system of pipes and radiators which are most neatly constructed and tastily finished.
The commissioners are highly pleased with the result and it is the general belief that it will not take more than a fourth as much fuel to furnish this heat from the court house boilers as it did for a separate furnace which never heated the building. The system cost $1,150 and it now looks like that will be saved in fuel expense in a few years. Besides it is the most durable heating system of any and commissioners Bruce and Stockberger may justly be proud of the success of their undertaking to heat the jail and Sheriff's residence perfectly and very cheaply.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 16, 1898]

OLD RELIC OF PIONEER DAYS IN FULTON COUNTY,
RETURNED TO ONLY ONE WHO CAN CLAIM IT
A relic of pioneer times, a memento of conditions that existed in Fulton county nearly a century ago, has finally come back into the possession of the only person who can claim it as his. And about this curio there is a diverting story.
It is the hand-forged iron key to the first log jail in Fulton county, ex-dating in the '40s and '50's - a true "calaboose" which was a more confining place of restitution than many of our modern jail houses. It snuggled amid dense woods in the center of what now is the square just east of the court house.
All around the interior of the structure was a corridor, and inside a barrier of upright logs forming a hollow square. Each log was driven so full of nails that it was proof against saw or blade of any sort of steel. In the center of the court which these restraining columns enclosed was a trapdoor into a sort of dungeon. Prisoners were led into this pit by a ladder, which was then pulled up.
One day Ben Wilson, first sheriff of the county, was so busy that he forgot to pull the ladder up and a prisoner climbed out, left the jail and locked the door behind him. Then for spite he carried the key to a point north of town, where the erstwhile prisoner tossed it on the river bank.
It was recovered and served its time until the jail passed out of existence. Sheriff Wilson gave the key to Major Bitters, publisher of the Republican, and for a long time it hung upon the south wall of the office of that publication when it was located in the I.O.O.F. building.
Later it disappeared, through a boys' prank or other means and came into the hands of Jacob Gerson, who had a store on the south side of the square. Later it came into the possession of Mel True, who Monday morning returned it to Postmaster Bitters, Major Bitters' son.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, March 30, 1925]

[NOTE: The key was placed with other mementos in the cornerstone of the Rochester Post Office. See Rochester Post Office, New Post Office Cornerstone Laid, The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, April 2, 1925]

NO LOCAL STORE SOLD McGINNIS' HACK SAW
Checkup by officers Thursday disclosed that no local hardware store had sold recently a hacksaw and blades of the kind used by Wesley McGinnis, confined alcohol truck driver, in attempting a jail break Tuesday night. McGinnis had severed a Yale lock to the "bull pen" on the second floor of the jail, but had had no opportunity to work on the outer bars before his tools were found on him.
Sheriff Carr is working on a theory as to how McGinnis obtained the saw, and developments within a few days are expected.
The recent attempt is the third one to be made at escape from the present county jail. Both of the former attempts consisted in removal of bricks from the wall.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, August 27, 1925]

FULTON COUNTY JERSEY BULL CLUB [Fulton County]
The Fulton County Jersey Bull Club held its first meeting in the basement of the First National Bank Saturday night, 25 farmers who own Jersey cows being present. The purpose of the meeting was to arrange to care for the bull which was awarded this community by President Underwood of the Erie Railroad and which will be given away by the railroad official on March 11.
The following men were elected officers of the club for the year: County Agent Roy Landis, president; Clem Leonard, vice-president; Vere Calvin, secretary-treasurer, and O. E. Reichard of Kewanna, Lon Carruthers and George Tobey, directors. Ed Ragen was given the care of the bull for 1925. A service fee of $3 was decided upon.
The officers and directors were ordered to draft a constitution and by-laws for the club which will be presented at a special meeting in the basement of the bank next Saturday night.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, March 2, 1925]

FULTON COUNTY LANCERS [Fulton County]
Lancers. Attention! The Fulton Co. Lancers are requested to be in attendance at the Court House Square, in Rochester, on Monday afternoon, November 5, 1860 and also in the evening of the same day at the Democratic Rally. A full attendance is solicited. M. L. Miner, Commander.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 27, 1860]

FULTON COUNTY LIBRARY BOOKMOBILE [Fulton County]
See Rochester-Fulton County Public Library

FULTON COUNTY LUMBER & COAL CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
FULTON COUNTY LUMBER & COAL CO. INCORPORATE
Articles of Incorporation for the Fulton County Lumber & Coal Co., to succeed the H. & H. Lumber and Coal Co., have been filed at the office of the county recorder.
Incorporators are: Fred S. Swisher, Bluffton; C. O. Taylor, Gas City; and Paul McGill, Ft. Wayne. Mr. Swisher will act as president manager. Incorporation includes 300 shares of stock with a par value of $100 each.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, October 5, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY [Fulton County]
Also See Medical Society.__________

The Fulton County Medical Association received their charter today. Their next meeting will be held in the grand jury room Tuesday Dec. 22.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, December 14, 1903]

AKRON
Akron News.
The Fulton county Medical Society met last Tuesday in the K. of P. hall. Those present were all three of our local physicians, Drs. Johnston, Hosman and Ferry, and from Rochester were Drs. Taylor, Loring, Rannells, King, Shafer and Gould, from Talma, Dr. Bowman, from Fulton Dr. Dielman and from Athens Dr. Stinson.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, May 22, 1909]
FULTON COUNTY MOTOR CLUB [Rochester, Indiana]
MOTOR CLUB TO MEET THURS.
A meeting of the Fulton County Motor Club has been called for eight sharp Thursday evening at the Commercial club rooms. This is the first meeting of the organization since the club was organized by Mr. Leaming of Indianapolis. It is probable that road signs will be ordered and a membership campaign will be planned. President John Holman will speak. An effort will be made to have all members present.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 20, 1916]

FULTON COUNTY MOTOR COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
Located SE corner 9th & Main.
Ford automobile dealer.
Employees:Milton Gibbs Whittenberger
Later it became the site of Berghoff Cafe. A fire destroyed this building and the adjoining one to the E housing the New York Candy Kitchen. At the location of these two buildings was constructed a Marathon Service Station, which was remodeled into the Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant.
__________

CHANGE FIRM NAME
The Babcock Motor Company, a corporation, Fulton county agents for Ford products, Monday petitioned Judge Carr to change the firm name to that of Fulton County Motor Company.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, February 21, 1927]

MUNSON SALES CO. MOVES TO BRACKETT BUILDING
The Munson Overland Sales Company which has been occupying the Good building on North Main street, today announced that they had leased the Brackett building at the [SE] corner of Main and Fifth street, which was vacated Monday by the Fulton County Motor Co. The Munson Overland Sales Company which has the Fulton county agency for theWillys-Knight and Overland automobiles will operate a salesroom and service station in the Brackett building. The salesroom will undergo extensive repairs.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, November 9, 1927]

[Adv] THE NEW FORD will be on display at our sales room, Thursday, Dec. 8 from 7 a.m. until 10:30 p.m. for public display. For one day only. FULTON COUNTY MOTOR CO. Salesroom Cor. 9th and Main, Rochester, Ind.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, December 6, 1927]

FORD AGENCY INCREASES CAPITAL STOCK $5,000
Indianapolis, April 16. - (U.P.) - The Fulton County Motor Company of Rochester, Indiana filed papers increasing the capital stock in the sum of $5,000 with the Secretary of State today.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 16, 1929]

[Adv] FOR SALE! Having purchased the property at 918 South Main St., known as the Allen Holeman property, we are offering for sale the house and garage for removal. - - - - O. R. Carlson, THE FULTON COUNTY MOTOR COMPANY
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 13, 1929]

[Adv] See the Special FORD EXHIBIT at Rochester, Indiana, Fulton County Motor Co. Saturday, July 11th 10 a.m. to 9 p.m. Admission Free. See and Hear THE TALKING PICTURE "A Tour Through the Ford Factory" - - - See All the Ford Cars! New Trucks! Tudor Sedan Sawed In Two! - - - FULTON COUNTY MOTOR CO., Corner Main & 9th Sts, Rochester, Indiana
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, July 10, 1931]

W. A. BARNARD TO HEAD FULTON CO. MOTOR CO.
Announcement was made today by the directors of the Fulton County Motor Company of the appointment of W. A. Barnard as general manager of the organization. Mr. Barnard, who comes here from Evansville, has already assumed his new position and was busy Saturday getting acquainted with the business men of the city.
O. R. Carlson has been appointed sales manage and will consinue to direct all sales, the business of the motor company having grown to such proportions in recent years that a separate sales department was necessary. Mr. Carlson was formerly general manager but will now devote his time to directing the sales force.
Mr. Barnard was with the Ford Motor Company for several years and has been connected with various Ford agencies during the last eleven years. He was an aviator in the world war and afterwards followed commercial aviation for a couple of years. He is married and has a daughter, Carolyn Rose. The Barnards will establish a home in Rochester soon.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, August 22, 1931]

BEMENDERFER TO MANAGE FULTON CO. MOTOR CO.
Mr. W. A. Barnard, who has officiated in the capacity of manager of the Fulton County Motor Co. for the past year, tendered his resignation to the directors of that company last Saturday.
Mr. Barnard will be supplanted in the management duties of the company by Estil Bemenderfer of this city. The latter has been associated with the local Ford agency for a long period of years and is thoroughly acquainted in all departments of the business. The retiring manager has not announced his plans for the future.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, August 2, 1932]

LOUDERBACK BROS. ACCEPT FORD AGENCY CONTRACT
The Louderback Brothers auto agency, of this city, yesterday was officially informed that they had been appointed as the new Ford dealers in this community, supplanting the Fulton County Motor Co.
In an interview today with the Louderbacks they stated that they were more than pleased with being able to secure the Ford line of autos for their agency, as the general trend was toward the 8-cylinder cars. The local automobile men who have been conducting an agency here for over 30 years stated that the new "Eights" are far more economical than the sixes and furthermore much smoother in riding qualities, due to the proper balancing of the chasis, engines and body.
A complete line of the new Fords, both passenger models and trucks, as well as parts, service and tool equipment will be carried at their spacious salesrooms and shops located at 523-529 North Main Street.
The agency reports business on the up-turn at their establishment and three new employees have recently been added to their force. A large advirtisement announcing the Ford agency change will be carried in Thursday's issue of the News-Sentinel.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, July 19, 1933]

FULTON COUNTY MURDERS [Fulton County]
See Crime

FULTON COUNTY NEWS [Akron, Indiana]
Some time after the completion of the Chicago and Atlantic railroad, Frank Brown of Rochester established the Akron Echo, later selling it to L. M. Noyer who changed the name to the Akron Eagle. In 1888, Roswell Kroft and Samuel Flora revived it and named it the Fulton County News.
[Ann Kindig Sheetz, History of the Akron News, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 1, Willard]

FULTON COUNTY OFFICE OF VETERANS AFFAIRS [Rochester, Indiana]
WILL OPEN COUNTY SERVICE OFFICE IN NEAR FUTURE
The Fulton County Office of Veterans Affairs authorized and set up by the Board of Commissioners and the County Council, will start operation soon in the new American Legion building, 611 Main street, Earl Sisson, county service officer, said today. - - - - - - -.
Because of confusion in getting under way, securing the necessary forms, etc., Sisson stated today that the office will be open for consultation only from 1:30 until 4:30 in the afternoons and from 7:00 until 9:00 in the evenings, when veterans, their wives or near relatives are invited to call and talk over their problems.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, December 31, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY PLAYERS [Rochester, Indiana]

FULTON COUNTY PIONEER SOCIETY [Rochester, Indiana]
OLD SETTLERS
At the Fair Ground last Thursday the old settlers of this county met and organized "The Fulton County Pioneer Society." The meeting was called to order and after music by the G.A.R. band, Wm. McMahan was elected president and C. J. Stradley, Secretary. A committee composed of Col. Shryock, Peter Meredith and Isaac Good was appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws. David McCaughey addressed the meeting in a well-timed, impromptu speech in which he huriedly reviewed an experience of 40 years ago in this county. After his speech the committee reported the articles of association. Persons who have resided in the county 30 years and will pay an initiation fee of 25 cents may become members of the society. An election for officers for the ensuing year resulted in the selection of the following named gentlemen: Senator Davidson, President; vice presidents, Aubbeenaubbee township, Henry Ginther; Richland, A. E. Babcock; Newcastle, George Perschbacher; Henry, Levi Burch; Rochester, Isaac Good; Union, Thos. Wilson; Wayne, David McCaughey; Liberty, Silas Allen; Secretary, C. J. Stradley; Treasurer, Jesse Shields.
The object of the association is to give old settlers an opportunity to cultivate a more intimate acquaintance with each other, that the channels of sociability in the rising generation may be widened and deepened until the entire county will be a united neighborhood striving to emulate the characters of our noble pioneers, many of whom have long since been consigned to that home where the long grass waves above them as the gentle breezes hum a requiem to their silent rest.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 28, 1886]

FULTON COUNTY POOR FARM [Rochester Township]
Located E side of SR-25, at approximately 125S.
The fence was previously at the residence of D. S. Ross, at 822 Monroe Street. After the death of Mrs. Ross in 1913, the house was sold and the wrought iron fence was removed and sold to the Fulton County Commissioners for the county farm. As of this time, 1995, the fence is still there.
__________

OUT AT THE POOR HOUSE
The report of the Secratary of the Board of State Charities has a story of the Fulton county Poor Farm which will, no doubt, interest many people who help to sustain the institution. The report says:
"The asylum is located on a fair farm of 179 acres, which lies two miles south of Rochester. The farm is well situated for drainage, and being convenient to the market, is a valuable piece of property. When visited it was reasonably well stocked with cattle, hogs and horses. There was a good garden, and the orchard produces well in ordinary years.
The asylum is a brick building consisting of three wings, one of which is occupied by the Superintendent's family, a second is occupied by the male inmates, and the third by the female inmates and the dining room and kitchen. In the upper part of the building is a cistern, which supplies water to the asylum. There is a good wash house, but the plumbing is out of repair. The cell house, a detached building is old and dilapidated, but is as well kept as possible, perhaps.
The asylum was found in good condition of cleanliness, and the same may be said of the inmates. There are two bath tubs supplied with hot and cold water, but the rules for bathing do not seem to be as firm as desirable. Some of the inmates bathe weekly, while others bathe occasionally or never. Sex separation is not entirely satisfactory. The bed rooms are locked at night, which serves this purpose, but would be very dangerous in case of fire. The furniture is good, most of the bedsteads being of iron.
The building is well lighted, and well heated from a steam boiler in the basement. Ventilation is by windows only, but is very good. Inmates are given meat twice a day in winter, and once a day in summer. The meat eaten is chiefly pork, with some beef. Good white bread is furnished, and such vegetables and fruit as the farm and garden produce.
The asylum is in need of some repairs. It has lately been painted inside and the walls are clean and fresh. The floors are wearing out and growing rough and splintering. The cell house is in very bad repair and should be replaced by a new one instead of any attempt being made to patch up the old one. The barn is old and too small. There is a good new cattle barn and a good granary and shed for vehicles and implements. New fences are needed also. The principal need, however, is a new large barn and a deep driven well, with hose for protection in case of fire.
In the main this is well kept farm and asylum. The inmates appear contented and well cared for. More help is needed in the house to secure the scrupulous cleanliness occasionally seen, but in point of cleanliness, the Fulton County Poor Asylum compares well with similar institutions of the State. The Superintendent appears anxious to make his place a model and works hard. The products of the farm, as at present managed, go far to defray the expenses of the asylum.
Among the inmates were several insane persons, some of whom should be in the hospitals. Applications have been made to the hospital at Logansport for the admission of two or more of the inmates, and at the time of this visit they were only waiting for room to be made at the hospital for them. One child four years old was also an inmate, being with her mother, who is demented. The child should be in a good home, and the authorities have not the heart to separate her from her mother, who cares for her and loves her very much.
The average number of inmates in this asylum is about fifteen, and the average weekly cost for each inmate is about $1.42.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 6, 1894]

POOR FARM REPORT
As secretary of the Board of County Charities and Corrections Mrs. M. L. Essick yesterday presented to the county commissioners the following report of the condition of the Poor Farm Infirmary as found at the last visit:
We found things in a deplorable condition, as to the poor, neglected, helpless ones intrusted to the county's care.
Everything is confusion. Of course the change recently made may account in a measure for this. And this very thing proves that so long as a county has an efficient man and woman at the helm, the fewer changes the better. We are finding no fault with the superintendents. We knew little of the former officials. The present incumbent is new and on trial.
That everything is needed for the inmates is putting it mildly. There are two girls employed as help; both are on the superintendent's side. Two of the women of the institution, one almost if not quite blind, and an old man, are doing the cooking and kitchen work for the inmates. This seems wrong. That one cook is needed on the paupers' side is evident to all.
There are 22 inmates. Sick or crippled men, 3; sick or crippled women, 1; epileptic men, 3; insane men, 2; insane working men, 1.
Hired help employed, women, 2; both on superintendent's side. Men employed, 2. There are 26 head of cattle, 11 cows, 2 horses, 58 swine, and there was no fruit this year.
The sexes are now separated for which we wish to thank the commissioners, it was a much needed improvement, and one of which you may be justly proud. Let the good work go on.
The inmates are almost destitute of clothing. The calico dresses, long worn and washed, are thin and some ragged. They have no underclothing for winter. Bolts of calico are needed for their wants. Bolts of calico and much cotton must be had to make comforts for the beds. There are but few comforts and these are old and dirty from being slept next to without the protection of sheets or blankets. There are not enough sheets or blankets, several of the beds being without, the inmates sleeping on the bare mattresses. This should be attended to at once that they may be had before cold weather sets in as there will be much suffering if not. We suggest that the first and only immediate improvements be for the poor suffering dependents. If there must be intrenchments made let them be made somewhere else, let us provide for our helpless human beings God has given into our care and thank Him that our lot has been cast in more pleasant places.
There are no screens to the windows -- the flies swarm through the house thick as bees at a swarming. One poor old man lay sick upon his narrow cot, not much wider than will be his bed when he has fallen into his last long sleep that knows no waking. Alone in his empty, dreary room, no not alone for the flies were there in all their active horrors. Almost too weak to keep them off, there he lay trying to brush them away with a brush. The walls are badly cracked and harbor the vermin that infest the beds. If these were closed the beds could be kept from these pests. The room where the flour is kept needs some patching and whitewashing. The cellar floor is in bad condition. All of the house occupied by the inmates needs a thorough cleaning and disinfecting. The bed clothing, what little there is, is kept away back in a dark corner in one of the bathrooms where air nor sun can ever reach them -- a most unsanitary condition. The tank that supplies the bath tubs and toilets with water leaks and they have no water for these purposes. Rather a difficult matter to bathe without water.
The Board of Charitiers and Corrections wishes for the Commissioners, that all might have gone over the building together. We do not wish to be a trouble, or to be exacting or to ask for anything that isn't needed. We wish to be a help to you and to the Superintendent, and to the inmates, and we can see no better way of accomplishing this than by both the Board of Commissioners and board of Charities visiting the institution together -- say twice a year -- spring and fall, look into the wants, see that which is provided is judiciously used; that things are kept up and not allowed to run down until it requires so much to supply the deficiency. There are many repairs needed; the nouse needs porches over the kitchen doors, also over the entrance to the cellar. But before these improvements, provide for the comfort of the inmates. They are human, even if some almost lack the semblance. Don't let us have it on our conscience that we did not do our duty, and when the cold blasts of winter howl around our doors let us feel and know that the helpless are comfortable.
The Board submits this report feeling it will be received in the spirit in which it is made, believing you are all kind hearted, humane men, sincerely wanting to do all that lays in your power to make comfortable the poor unfortunates under your care; we can but make the suggestions. It make it hard to see such destitution without the power to aid or relieve. The heart ached, the head throbbed, and there was but little sleep at least in one home in Rochester after our last visit to the poor house.
Ellen L. Essick,
Sec. County Board of Charities and Corrections.
The commissioners heard the report with much interest, explained that the dilapidated conditions are of recent neglect, incident to change of management, and that immediate steps will be taken to put everything in order before winter. The suggestion that they frequently visit the Poor Farm unanounced was favorably received and hereafter the two or three days notice that they are coming will not be given.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 3, 1905]

NEW SUPERINTENDENT SELECTED
John F. Fultz, a well-known farmer of Richland township, has been selected by the county commissioners as superintendent of the county infirmary to succeed the present incumbent, Henry Mowe. The newly selected superintendent will begin his duties Sept. 1.
Mr. Mowe has held the position for six years and during that time has been very efficient.
[Rochester Sentinal, Wednesday, June 7, 1911]

TO ERECT BASTILE ON COUNTY FARM
A building long needed by the county farm will be erected soon by the appropriation made by the county council recently. The structure which will be used to house irresponsible inmates will be constructed at a cost of $2,400.
In the past John Fultz and other superintendents at the county farm have had considerable trouble in taking care of inmates who are at time very hard to handle. They must under the present conditions be watched constantly, a fact which has given the management more work than they are able to do. With the view of remedying this condition the appropriation for a new building was made.
The building which will be erected in the spring, will be 60 feet long, and 30 feet wide. It will contain a hall on one side which will be six feet wide and the other side of the building will be lined with cells.
The county commissioners met at the court house Tuesday and considered the plans for the new building at the county farm, allowing $4,800 for all the improvements.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 5, 1913]

CONDITIONS VERY BAD AT COUNTY FARM
The county commissioners visited the county farm this morning (Tuesday) and made an inspection. As a result a water system will be installed and other improvements made.
A committee from the Associated Charities recently visited the county farm, found things in bad shape at the superintendent's residence and as a result have addressed the following communication to the commissioners.
We, the undersigned, were appointed by the Board of Charities to investigate conditions at the county home, which we did April the 18th. We feel after looking over the situation that we are justified in presenting to you the following:
The conditions are unsanitary to say the least, also cheerless and uninviting. The walls are in a bad condition and need papering or redecorating of some sort. The kitchen is very unhandy and in a run-down condition. The stoves especially are unfit for use. In order that those in charge may give the best possible service, it will be necessary to make immediate changes and give them the things needed to do good work. The floors for the most part are bad; the steps from the kitchen to other parts of the house might be changed to a good advantage; as we are thoughtful of others we would recommend this especially. The front stair case is unsafe, to all appearances. As we entered the building we wondered whether we would tolerate such a thing in our own homes.
Let's rally to the work and remodel our county farm house and make it a credit to us, instead of the disgrace it now is. If we, as a committee, can be of any help in suggesting call on us. We found Mr. and Mrs. McMillen cordial and uncomplaining, doing the best they can under difficult circumstances.
MRS. ALEX RUH, Charman
MRS. OMAR B. SMITH
MRS. ROBT. C. WALLACE.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 5, 1914]

WHAT COUNTY FARM COSTS US A MONTH
According to a report just filed with the county uditor by superintendent of the county farm Converse McMillan, $697.75 was spent in the last three months to maintain that institution. Of that amount $166.17 was spent with K. W. Shore and Co., for groceries.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 4, 1915]
CONTRACT LET FOR COUNTY FARM WIRING
The county commissioners Tuesday gave O. W. Stengel of Rochester the work of wiring the county farm for electric lights on a bid of $377.85. The United Public Service Co. bid $386.96. The work at the farm will begin at once.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 3, 1917]

LET BARN CONTRACT
The first day of the May session of the commissioners' court was spent largely in allowing the usual bills. W. C. Rhodes, of Athens, was awarded the contract for building a new barn at the county farm and the petitioners for the Warren S. Pensinger ditch withdrew their petition.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 2, 1921]

NEW MANAGER
John D. Long, newly appointed superintendent of the county farm, took over the supervision of the place March1, replacing John Bybee, who was ousted by the commissioners recently.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 2, 1922]

PARTY FOR INMATES
Mrs. Helen FRANKLIN WOLFF, of Chicago, treated the inmates of the Fulton County Home Monday to ice cream, cake, candy and cigars. Mrs. Wolff treats the inmates annually in memory of her father, the late Herman FRANKLIN, who operated a store in this city for many years.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, August 12, 1930]

In a column of legal advertising [Rochester Sentinel, Vol. XX, No. l27, Saturday, July 7, 1877] . . . Charles Caffyn, county auditor, advertises for bidders for the building of a one-story woodhouse and washroom at the County Poor Farm.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 11, 1959]

FULTON COUNTY POULTRY ASSOCIATION [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The members of the Fulton County Poultry Association are requested to meet at Newby's drug store this evening at 8 o'clock.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 15, 1908]

EXHIBIT OPENS
Whtn the few chicken fanciers of this county proposed to make a exhibit of their birds, it was thought by many persons that there were not enough fancy birds in the county, beyond the ordinary stock, to make an exhibit that would be worthy of attention, but if any one will take the time to visit the show that is now open in this city, and that will continue all of this week, they will discover how badly they were mistaken. It is an exhibit well worthy of the consideration of every one who has the least interest in what is the most general, extensive and profitable industry of the country. To see the great variety of beautiful fowls now on public exhibition can not help but incite greater interest in the production of high grade stock. There are over 300 fine fowls already entered and more will be added at once. They embrace nearly every variety known and are of a quality equal to the best shown in any place. They are all cooped in neat clean coops arranged to be inspected to the best advantage.
Mr. W. W. Zike, of Morristown, Ind., is on hand to pass judgment upon the quality and condition of the fowls. He is an expert in that line of work and awards will be properly made. Questioned upon the egg producing qualities of chickens he remarked that the leghorns stood in the same relation to egg productions that Jersey cows do to butter making. Though not the largest or prettiest, they are the best layers.
This is the first poultry exhibition attempted in this county and it is a great success. Its influence will be to improve the breeds and to greater care and attention of that branch of farm industry that is growing every year and becoming more and more profitable. It will well repay any one to visit this exhibition. Your presence and the payment of a ten cent admission fee will stimulate the society to still greater efforts in the future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 17, 1908]

SECOND DAY SHOW
The second day of Fulton county's first poultry show was a winner in point of attention and interest shown. Early this morning crowds of visitors began to arrive at the exhibit headquarters and for hours a from pen to pen inspection of the birds was made. Members of the association bent on ascertaining the true admiration for the show by the spectators asked many their opinion on the exhibit and were overwhelmed by the complimentary remarks received. Evdrybody who has spent an hour at the show declares that it is the most entertaining and instructive event they have ever had the pleasure and opportunity of attending and that the association will make no mistake in holding another show of the kind next year.
According to an announcement of the association that they would give away a pair of high class birds each day to the holder of the lucky number received by purchasing an admission ticket, Grant Slaybaugh, of this city, was awarded yesterday evening, a pair of thoroughbred barred Plymouth Rocks.
Mr. W. W. Zike, of Morriston, who is acting as judge, was busy today, awarding premiums and a complete list of them will be publishd Saturday.
Among the out of town visitors, Thursday, were W. J. M. Long of Jasper Co., J. W. Shearer, Huntington and D. W. Steckles, Flora.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 18, 1908]

EXHIBIT A WINNER
With this evening, the first annual poultry show of Fulton county will come to an end and the many visitors of the grand exhibit of fancy stock will be better of, educationally speaking, while the promoters of the affair will add considerable to the financial condition of the association's treasury. The show has been a success in every manner, and visitors and promoters alike are very well pleased with the showing made.
Today, the large exhibition room was filled with spectators as every day of the show and all were outspoken in their admiration.
Following is the list of prize winners which are picked by judge W. W. Zike, of Morristown: - - - - - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 19, 1908]

NEWS OF THE DAY
A meeting of the Fulton County Poultry association was held Monday evening at Newby's drug store and the report of the show held last week was very encouraging. Officers elected for next year are S. M. Newby, Pres., Dr. H. B. Thompson, Sec and Treas, and assistant superintendents, F. S. Garrison, Ike Emmons and Ed Edwards.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 24, 1908]

POULTRY MEN MEET
A meeting of the Fulton County Poultry Association was held Monday evening at Newby drug store for the purpose of making arrangements of financing the coming show to be held during holidays.
It was decided to form a stock company and incorporate and a committee of three, M. M. Bitters, Dr. H. B. Thompson and S. M. Newby was appointed to draft letters of incorporation. The new company will be incorporated at $1,000 and shares at $1 each will be sold.
The outlook for the next show is very promising and it is expected that the exhibit will bring many fine birds in competition.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 31, 1909]

BIG EXHIBIT OPENS
The second annual exhibit of the Fulton County Poultry association opened today in the Manitou theater under the most flattering prospects and those who know pronounce the show far superior to that of last year.
There are about five hundred birds of all varities entered and the uniform size of the coops makes the long line of prize cages a pretty specatcle. Birds have been entered by fanciers from Bippus, Argos, Macy, Servia, North Manchester and Winamac. Mr Frain of Winamac is probably one of the heaviest exhibitors, having a string of fifty-four birds. Mr Frain and his two prize winning brown African geese, which he had out for a walk on Main street this afternoon, attracted considerable attention.
The show is so much better than anticipated that exhibitors are very enthusiastic and the scope is well given in the words of Judge W. W. Zike of Morritown, who is now busy scoring the birds. Mr. Zike says there will be better birds left without a place than won places last year and this fact is especially true in the Barred Rock variety. Two complete rows of coops, the entire length of Barred Rock variety. Two complete Rocks, that make a very pretty picture.
One serious drawback is the fact that many of the birds were caught by the present cold snap and suffered frozen ear lobes and wattles.
Among the fancy birds entered are a Black Orpington cock and hen. They are shown by Mort Tuttle of Huntington, and are direct from Cook's poultry yard, England. The birds have been shown before King Edward and are certainly beauties.
On Thursday afternoon there will be an auction of all first class birds and it is expected that bidding will be quite brisk.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 29, 1909]

FULTON COUNTY PROHIBITION [Rochester, Indiana]
SALOONIST IS GOING ON STAGE
This is no April Fool joke.
Jess Chamberlain, who will soon retire from the saloon business, is planning to go into vaudeville with William Zerby, a former local celebrity. Jess says that they have a stunt which has a better kick than some of the whiskey he sold in the past.
Fred Reed and Fred Perschbacher, of the Two Freds saloon, intend to sell "near beer," after a short time, while Percy Hawkins thinks that he will shake the dust of the county from his feet and move to California.
Henry Meyer had no plans for the future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 1, 1918]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The last saloon door in this county was closed at 11 o'clock last night under operation of the remonstrance law. From the day of the organization of the county in 1836 to the present date there has never been a time when a man could not get all the liquor he wanted at any of the numerous places in the county where it was kept on sale. The closing of all saloons and the restrictions placed upon the sale of liquor by druggists is a new condition for this county and the result will be watched with great interest by all the people.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, November 3, 1908]

FULTON COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY [Rochester, Indiana]
Located SW corner of Jefferson and Eighth streets. [802 Jefferson St].
[former site of Judge Sidney Keith home; and later Woodlawn Hospital]
See Rochester-Fulton County Public Library
See Rochester Public Library
__________

COUNTY LIBRARY TRUCK TO START SERVICE SOON
The new Rochester-Fulton County Library truck has arrived and is now in charge of Miss Grace Stingly, librarian, who is preparing to get it into service next week. Miss Willodeen Price, of Lebanon, Ind., will ultimately take charge of the bus and the county service and is now here to start the work with Miss Stingly.
The bus is one of the first of its kind built in that the body is constructed so that all of the books may be examined on the shelves from the inside. It will carry more than 1,000 books at full capacity. The body is mounted on a Dodge truck chassis. It is electrically lighted and a heater will be installed at once. The words "Books for everybody free" appears on the outside of the truck.
The present plans call for the traveling library to make a round trip of the county once a week with the exception of Henry and Union townships, which already have their libraries. Stops will be made at all schools and books which are wanted at once if not carried on this particular trip will be mailed out.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 28, 1922

NEW LIBRARY TRUCK PUT ON DISPLAY IN THE CITY
The new Rochester-Fulton County Library truck was on exhibition in front of the Fulton County Motor Company's office Saturday and was seen by a large number of persons who were interested in the book carrying vehicle. It will be put into service next week and will enable the library staff to give much better service to their patrons in the country.
The truck is mounted on a special Ford chasis, which has an extra long wheel base. The body is very large but low in height to give safety. Patrons will enter the truck by the large door at the right side and will be able to look over all the books, magazines and papers which will be placed in the permanent shelves. There is a carrying capacity for 1,500 pounds of books and papers.
There are lights inside, a ventilator, heater and a table will be placed there for the driver to keep records. According to Miss Grace Stingley, librarian, the new truck meets all the present day requirements and will enable the library to give a wider and better service to the increasing number of readers over Fulton county.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, December 15, 1928]

ROCHESTER PUBLIC LIBRARY COMPLETES THIRTIETH YEAR
By Mrs. Walter Mason
The Rochester-Fulton County Library owes its origin to the Woman's Club of Rochester.
In the fall of 1903 a meeting was held at Indianapolis to arouse interest in libraries in Indiana. Miss Alice Stahl, a member of the Woman's Club attended the meeting. She returned very enthusiastic.
A mass meeting of the town was called with a member of the State Library Commission present who explained the matter more fully. The members of the Woman's Club of which Mrs. W. S. Shafer was president, and the University Extension Club circulated the subscription paper and soon raised the required amount which enabled the town council to levy a tax. A Library Board was appointed which held its first meeting on January 29, 1904. Mrs. W. S. Shafer was made president.
In March 1904, the Library Board met with the Township Advisory Board and trustee to bring up the question of including Rochester township in the territory which would support the library. Talks were made by Prof. W. H. Banta and Mr. George Holman. The teachers of the township secured the desired number of signatures to petitions and Rochester township joined the city in the forward movement.
The library was at first housed in what is now the County Agent's office in the court house. Later $13,000 was secured from Mr. Andrew Carnegie and the present library building was erected. The formal opening was held on September 4, 1907.
The only gift of money that the library has ever received was made by Dr. Jacob C. Spohn in 1909, $3,000 was bequeathed, $500 of which was received each year for six years. Books of adult non-fiction were bought from this fund.
The library served Rochester and Rochester township until July 1921. The Library Board signified to the County Commissioners that the Rochester Library desired to extend its service to all the county not having library service. The Commissioners took the necessary action and the library became the Rochester-Fulton County Library serving all of Fulton County except Union and Henry townships which already supported libraries.
The County district is served by a Branch Library at Fulton and a Book-truck carrying nine hundred volumes which visits the towns and schools. The rural high schools and upper grades depend upon the Branch Library and Book-truck for their books of outside reading in connection with the study of literature, history, science and domestic economy. Teachers take out as many books as they desire and keep them as long as needed in the school room. Many extra readers, and easy books are supplied for the lower grades. Children often take books home to parents, also.
The work in individual reading in lower grades are conducted by Mrs. Nellie Newhouse of the Richland Center School has been noted in a publication of the United States Office of Education. Mrs. Newhouse secures her books from the County Library.
A great deal of the reference work for the school system is done at the main library at Rochester. A number of rural teachers come to Rochester to choose books for supplementary reading for their pupils. All the preparation of the books for circulation, the cataloging, and most of the mending is done at the main library.
In the thirty years since founded the original 500 volumes has grown to over 17,000. The original circulation of 9,000 has become 109,687. In 1933 the Fulton Branch Library lent 9,257 books and magazines, the Book-truck 44,223, and the main Library at Rochester, 56,207.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, December 6, 1934, p. 14]

FULTON COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
Considerable credit for the establishment of the library goes to Miss Alice Stahl, a member of the Rochester Woman's Club in 1903.
The Womans Club took over, with help from the University Extension Club. Members circulated $15 subscription papers to raise the required amount of money before the Rochester Town Board could levy a library tax. Enough money was raised, and a library board of trustees was formed.
The trustees' first meeting was on Jan. 29, 1904 - signifying the beginning of what now is the Fulton County Library. Mrs. W. S. Shafer, president of the Woman's Club, was elected library board president; Mrs. L. M. Brackett was chosen vice president, and Omar B. Smith, secretary. Other members were Mrs. A. H. Robbins, Daniel Agnew, Jonathan Dawson and B. F. Fretz.
Having no building, the jury room of the Fulton Circuit Court was obtained for the 500 donated and purchased books that comprised the library's first collection of reading material.
Mrs. H. L. Weltner served as librarian without pay.
The lot on the southwest corner of Eighth and Jefferson streets was purchased from Isaiah Walker. Several benefit basketball games and entertainments were conducted for the library and on Sept. 4, 1907, the Rochester city and township library opened in its new building.
Miss Iva Etta Sullivan, who had done the first cataloging of books, was hired as the first librarian in the first library building.
In time, contracts were signed with various other townships in the county for library services. In July 1921, through action by the Fulton Board of County Commissioners and the library trustees, the contract system was abolished and the facility became the Rochester-Fulton County Library serving all townships except Henry and Union which had established their own libraries.
Two separate library boards were formed, one of seven members from the City of Rochester (Rochester became a city in 1910) and one of four members from the six townships that did not have separate libraries.
Also in 1921, the present Fulton Branch of the library was extablished.
By 1966, the arrangement of separate library boards, separate financial books and separate library tax rates for city and township residents had become unwieldy to the point that the Indiana State Library and the state Board of Accounts recommended a merger under the name Fulton County Library.
On July 1, 1966, the merger was effected with one seven-member board of trustees, three named by the circuit court judge, two by the Rochester School Board and two by the Fulton County commissioners.
That system was changed in 1984. The County Council now appoints two members, the commissioners appoint two, the Rochester School Board appoints two and the Caston, Tippecanoe Valley and Culver School Boards agree upon one appointee.
In 1970, a library station was set up in Leiters Ford and it continues in operation today, as does the Fulton Branch.
Growth over the years finally dictated construction of a new library.
On the afternoon of Tuesday, Sept. 19, 1979, the old Woodlawn Hospital building and property on the NW corner of Seventh and Pontiac streets went on the auction block., and was sold to individuals, but purchased from them on November 27, 1981 after considerable efforts of many individuals and the Friends of the Library. The property finally was deeded to the library board as the site for the new library building.
On December 5, 1981, demolition of the former Woodlawn Hospital was officially begun by Homer and Doug Sampsel.
On April 2, 1984, the new library building opened to the public, and was dedicated Sunday, June 3, 1984.
In 1921 established Fulton County Library Bookmobile, one of the first in the nation.
Moved to NW corner of Seventh and Pontiac Streets.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 31, 1984]

FULTON COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY, FULTON BRANCH [Fulton, Indiana]
In 1921, the Rochester city-township library district was expanded to cover the five townships in Fulton County that did not have libraries. That same year, a Fulton Branch was established for Liberty Township and it has been going strong ever since.
For the first four years of the Fulton Branch, Mary and Helen Robers were in charge. For the next 42 years, the librarian was Mrs. Phyllis L. Meyer, who started on May 11, 1925 and seveed until retiring on March 19, 1967. She was succeeded by Mrs. Gordon (Ann) Zartman, who was librarian until 1982 when Mrs. Beverly Hapner took the position she still holds.
The highlight in the history of the Fulton Branch came March 19, 1967 when the present building a block east of Main Street was opened formally with an open house and the name of the branch was changed to the Phyllis L. Meyer Branch.
Mrs. Meyer was honored for her longtime service to the branch and for the fact that she and her husband Charles donated the land for the new building.
During its first 46 years, the branch had occupied three different rented locations on Main Street.
With the building's opening, the headquarters for the library's Bookmobile was moved to the Fulton Branch from the main library in Rochester.
[The Sentinel, Thursday, May 31, 1984]

In 1921 the Elite Needle Circle Club of Fulton sponsored the establishment of the county branch library. It was first located above Gilmore Grocery (now Wilson Drug store). Mary and Helen Rogers were the first librarians and in 1925 it was moved back of the old Post Office (now the laundromat). A few years later, it was moved again to the corner building on the east side of 25 one block south of the stoplight. It was there until 1967 when Charles Meyer gave the lot of ground for the present site to the county, and a new building was built. Phyllis Meyer had been appointed librarian in 1925 and remained until retirement in 1971. To show their appreciation, the library board named the new building The Phyllis L. Meyer Branch Library.

FULTON COUNTY REMC [Fulton County]
RURAL ELECTRIC LINES SURVEY IS BEING MADE
E. L. Mitchell, Chairman of the Fulton County Rural Electrification organization, reports that two government engineers are working in Fulton county to determine the definite location of the electric lines which are to be established here. According to Mr. Mitchell, these men are making a detailed study of the proposed line. As soon as they have completed their investigations they will recommend to Washington the exact locations for the construction of local power lines.
The specifications for the construction of local lines will be dependent on the recommendations of these two engineers. For this reason, it is highly important that all farmers who wish to receive service from these lines sign up within the next week. Of course, it will be possible for any one living along one of these lines to get power regardless of whether or not they have signed up before the line is built. However, hooking on to the line after construction starts, will be a rather expensive operation because it will necessitate changes in transformers and other expensive equipment in the lines.
A map showing the location of the proposed lines may be seen at the Soil Conservation office in Rochester. All farmers living along these lines are urged to sign up at once.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 6, 1937]

FULTON COUNTY TO RECEIVE $150,000 FOR RURAL "JUICE"
Hugh Holman, Republican county chairman, Monday received a telegram from Congressman Charles Halleck, Washington, D.C., informing him that the Rural Electrification Administration had allotted $150,000 to Fulton county for this work.
The telegram stated the $150,000 was available immediately for rural electrification in Fulton county and that other funds would be available later.
The tentative plans for Fulton county call for the servicing of 1072 customers by the R. E. A. and the lines will extend for 304 miles.
__________

Indianapolis, Aug. 16. (INS) - The Federal Rural Electrification administration has allotted $758,000 for rural lighting projects in six Indiana counties, Gov. M. Clifford Townsend was informed in a letter received today from John M. Carmody, Federal REA administrator.
Severe Reduction
Carmody said the grant was made because of the recent action of the Indiana public service commission in reducing wholesale current charges made by privately owned utility companiues to Indiana Rural Electrification membership corporations from an average of 1.65 to 1.24 per kilowatt.
The projects are located in Fulton, Marshall, Noble, Rush, Wayne and Fayette counties.
Declaring that Indiana has taken its place beside Kentucky and Arkansas in obtaining reasonable rates for rural service, Carmody said:
"The significance of the reduction in Indiana is better understood when its effect upon the project already allotted and pending allotment the energy to be used is estimated to total 24,000,000 kilowatt per year when the projects are fully developed or these projects the savings in wholesale power costs will run close to $90,000 per year. More than $2,000 would have been saved on a Boone county project alone, had the lower rate been enforced during the past year.
"Even in the many areas where no funds are presently available for allotment the farmers will be helped materially by the reduced wholesale rates. The new schedule will enhance the economic feasibility of every pending project, and widen the area within which rural electrification can be undertaken thereafter."
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 16, 1937]

OPEN R.E.M.C. OFFICES
The Fulton County R.E.M.C. has opened new offices at 725 1/2 Main St., over the Hub shoe store. They were formerly located over the Gamble store. Ralph Murray, project superintendent, is in charge of the office.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, September 16, 1937]

MURRAY CLARIFIES STATUS OF REMC
There has been much misunderstanding among REMC patrons regarding the status of their property in event they permit wires to be attached to their farm homes, and in the case of signing right-of-way easements.
"Signing a right-of-way permit or allowing the REMC to attach the wires to property does not constitute a deed or morrtgage of any sort whatsoever, for a right-of-way easement is solely a permit," said Ralph Murray, superintendent of the Fulton County R.E.M.C. project.
"The REA attorneys at Washington and corporation attorneys at Indianapolis hold the same opinion in this regard," said Mr. Murray.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, March 5, 1938]

CONSTRUCTION STARTED ON COUNTY REMC LINES
Today John H. Wolfe, Superintendent for Haines and Haines Construction Company of Dowagiac, Mich., began the construction of Fulton County's first rural electric line to be finished by federal loan. Mr. Wolfe states that the work will be prosecuted diligently until completed.
House wiring should be completed as soon as possible. These lines will be built before many farms are ready to take service. It is anticipated that the minimum charge of $2.50 will become effective thirty days after the line is energized. This would affect those farms that plan to take service and are not ready within thirty days after the line is energized. It is important that premises be wired so that the line may be energized immediately after construction.
If the line can be energized immediately after construction it will mean a considerable saving to the Fulton County R. E. M. C. It is the hope of the R. E. M. C. that parts of the system that are ready can be energized about May 25th.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, April 20, 1938]

FULTON COUNTY RECEIVES $166,000 R.E.M.C. GRANT
Construction work on rural electrification circuits No. 2 and No. 3 serving the north and east areas in Fulton county, was assured Thursday with an announcement from Washington, D.C. regarding a federal appropriation of $166,000 for work in Fulton county.
Under the proposed program approximately 184 miles of line serving 700 potential customers, would be built. Work will start the day following receipt of official notice, Ralph Murray, superintendent of the Fulton County R.E.M.C. Announced today.
West Circuit Near Completion
Work is being completed rapidly on the west circuit and service drops are being made from line to houses at approximately 480 farm homes. Meters are being installed and everything ie being put in readiness for energizing the line July 15, according to present plans.
The first circuit built in Fulton county cost approximately $150,000 and covered more than 160 miles.
"It is the ambition of the statewide organization as well as that of the local organization, to have the eastern circuits in Fulton county energized by Christmas of this year," said Mr.Murray.
Rural residents who will ultimately be served by the proposed lines in the east and north are urged to wait until the lines are staked before having their homs and outbuildings wired, in order to facilitate the proper location of entrance services.
Clayton Robinson, for the past six months field engineer on the local project, will leave his duties here July 15th to become manager of the Marshall county R.E.M.C. office, August 1st, in Plymouth.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 7, 1938]

FULTON COUNTY REMC BUYS GOSS BUILDING
Ralph Murray, manager of the Fulton County REMC, announced today that the office of the REMC would be moved shortly from the Hagan room at 608 North Main street to the Elbert Goss building at 513-515 North Main street.
The Goss building was purchased recently by the local REMC with the approval of the Rural Electrification administration. The building was bought of Charles Stahl and Carl Quick at a cost of $2,800.
The Goss building is constructed of brick with two stories in front and a single story in the rear portion. There are two business rooms on the first floor and the south room is being remodeled to make it suitable as a permanent home of the Fulton County Rural Electric Co-operative.
The Goss building will afford the REMC ample office room and plenty of space for the storage of service trucks and maintenance materials.
Mr. Murray stated today that the "Big Five" customers on REMC lines in Fulton county for July were G. H. Miller, Albert Boocher, Florence Hendrickson, Gordon Graham and Grover Metzger.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 7, 1939]

$138,000 IS ALLOTTED FOR COUNTY REMC WORK
The Fulton County REMC has been allotted an additional loan of $138,000 for the building of 165 miles of line to serve 500 new members with electric service, according to E. L. Mitchell, president.
Formerly the Fulton County REMC has been allotted loans of $150,000 and $166,000 by REA for the extension of electric service to rural residents. This will increase the members served to about 1,400 in Fulton, Cass, Pulaski, Miami and Marshall counties.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 5, 1940]

FULTON COUNTY RABBIT BREEDERS ASSN. [Fulton County]
See: Tippecanoe Rabbit Club
__________

RABBIT SHOW SUNDAY ATTRACTS MANY VISITORS
Nearly 100 rabbits entered by 26 breeders were judged at the rabbit show held Sunday at the Bashore Feed store under the auspices of the Fulton County Rabbit Breeders' association. A large number of local citizens attended the show, the first of its kind in Rochester, and enjoyed it very much.
Awards for the best of each breed represented went to the following: New Zealand, Kobold's Rabbitry, South Bend; Flemish, E. B. Smith, Rochester; Silver Marten, Manson Clark, Peru; Havana, Duane Martin, North Manchester; Checkered Giant, Ernest Brown, Monterey; Champaign D'Argent, Donald Pierce, South Bend; Lilac, Duane Martin; Dutch, Humbert's Rabbitry, Huntington, and Chinchilla, Oliver Milliken, Jr., South Bend. Prizes for the best in the fur class went to Kobold's Rabbitry; the best meat pen to John Crowel, Rochester, and the best doe and litter to Oliver Milliken, Jr.
Dale Heiny of Middletown judged the show.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, October 9, 1944]

FULTON COUNTY RECORDER [Fulton County]
CRIPPLES FOR RECORDER
A special in Wednesday's Indianapolis News says for twenty years the voters of Fulton county have refused to elect any candidate to the office of county recorder who was not crippled in some way. In 1878 [?] John Blanchard was the Republican candidate for that office, and, although the only one of that faith successful, he won because he had a deformed hand. F. C. Wilson, another Republican, was elected in 1882, and re-elected in 1880. He had lost a leg in a horse-power machine. Holmes L. Tipton, a farmer, while wielding a corn cutter, gashed his leg, so as to make him lame. In 1890 he was made the Democratic candidate and won, although the Republicans nominated a man with only one hand. In 1894 the Democrats put up an able-bodied man, while the republicans nominated C. K. Brundige, who is badly deformed as the result of rheumatism. Brundige was successful, and will again receive the nomination by his party this year. Among the Democrats seeking the nomination for that office are Andrew Carr, a cigar maker, with one cork leg, and George Neff, whose legs end at the knees, and who is propelled in an ingenious tricycle of his own invention. This makes it pretty certain that, no matter which party wins, another four years will be added to the record.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 14, 1898]

FULTON COUNTY RED CROSS [Fulton County]
CHAPTER OF RED CROSS LAUNCHED
The importance of the Red Cross work in the great war was brought home to 50 Rochester people at the library, Saturday afternoon by Mark L. Duncan of South Bend, who came to organize a Fulton county chapter. Mr. Duncan asserted that Germany's great efficiency was due to her mammoth Red Cross organization which contained, at the beginning of the war, two million members.
Omar B. Smith was selected as temporary chairman and he selected the following nominating committee: Rev. G. C. Chandler, Rev. A. S. Warriner, Mrs. Perry Heath, Mrs. Charles Emmons and Mrs. Alex Ruh. Their nominations for chapter officers werre approved, as follows: chairman, R. C. Johnson; vice chairman, Mrs. Oren Hendrickson; secrtary, Miss Edna Roth; and treasurer, Omar B. Smith. They will meet soon to select other committees and stage a membership campaign.
Mr. Duncan explained that the lowest membership fee was $1 and the highest $100. Akron, Kewanna and Fulton are expected to organize branch chapters. The local chapter will be expected to furnish supplies to the men at the front, give money and in many other ways aid in the work of carrying on the war.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 2, 1917]

FULTON COUNTY SADDLE CLUB [Fulton County]
LOCAL HORSE CLUB SHOW MOST PLEASING AFFAIR
The Fulton County Saddle club staged its first annual horse show at the Community sales barn lot here Sunday aftrnoon with a large attendance of equestrian fans in the bleachers around the arena. Fifty-three horses and ponies were entered and the entire affair was most colorful and highly entertaining. Harvey Clary, president of the club, announced that another show would be presented next year. - - - - - - -.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 17, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY SALE BARN [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Fulton County Community Auction
See: Fulton County Community Sales Barn

FULTON COUNTY SELECTIVE SERVICE BOARD
See: Fulton County Draft Board

FULTON COUNTY SERVICE MEN [Fulton County]
LIST OF FULTON COUNTY SERVICE MEN COMPILED
The following is a partial list of officers and enlisted men in the United States Services, who are residents of Fulton County. The list is not complete and it is requested that parents or friends or the men themselves furnish information concerning themselves, to Capt. O. I. Minter, mayor of Rochester, who is endeavoring to make a record for permanent use in the county:
As of Dec. 1, 1939
Commander Herbert M. Scull, U. S. Navy, Graduate Naval Academy. At present on shore duty, Washington, D.C. Mother: Mrs.Emma Scull, Rochester, Ind.
Lieut, Howard F. Stoner, U.S. Navy. Graduate Naval Academy. At present on shore duty, Annapolis, Md. Father: Norman R. Stoner, Rochester, Ind.
First Lieut. James E. Godwin, Field Artillery, U. S. Army. Graduate Military Academy, Shofield Barracks, Honolulu, T.H. Parents: Rev. and Mrs. I. R. Godwin, Akron, Ind.
Warrant Officer Francis B. Gould, U. S. Army, Fort Hayes, Ohio. Entered service 1967. Sister: Mary Gould, Rochester, Ind.
Lieut. Robert King, U. S. Navy, Graduate Naval Academy. Is now on shore duty at Honoluly, T.H. Lieut King is not a native of the county but is a son-in-law of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Metzler and a nephew of Dr. and Mrs. M. O. King of this city.
Technical Sergeant Roy Hogan, U. S. Army. Branch of service not known at this time. Now in Alabama on maneuvers. Parents: Mr. and Mrs. Elroy Hogan, Kewanna, Ind.
Sergeant Chas. E. Graham, Regimental Tdqrs, 11th U. S. Infantry, Ft. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. Now in Alabama on maneuvers. Enlisted May 16, 1933. Mother: Mrs. Chas. W. Graham, Leiters Ford, Ind.
Corporal Frank Pich, U. S. Marine Corps. On recruiting duty at 100 Harrison St., San Francisco, Cal. Age 27. In service 8 years. Mother: Mrs. Fay Pich, Athens, Ind.
Max Bailey, U.S. Navy, Bremerton Navy Yard, Seattle, Washington. Detailed to flying training at "Annapolis of the Air" Pensacole, Fla. Enlisted 1938. Parents: Mr. & Mrs. Max Bailey, Rochester, Ind.
Pvt Edwin G. Martz, U. S. Marine Corps, San Diego, Cal. Age 19. Enlisted 1939. Guardian: Mr. & Mrs. Walter Williams, RR 1, Rochester, Ind.
Pvt. Geo. A. Jenkins, Air Corps, U. S. Army, Wheeler Field, Honolulu T.H. Enlisted 1939. Parents: Mr. & Mrs. Darius Jenkins, Rochester, Ind.
Pvt. Donald Hoffman, Co. "A", 11th U. S. Infantry, Ft. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. Now in Alabama on maneuvers. Enlisted 1939. Parents: Mr. And Mrs. Chas. W. Hoffman, RR, Rochester, Ind.
Pvt. John H. Keim, Medical Dept., U.S. Army, Ft. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. Enlisted 1939. Father: Charles Keim, RR 1, Rochester, Ind.
Pvt. Audrey Cummings, Battery "B", 19th U.S. Field Artillery, Ft. Knox, Ky. Enlisted 1939. Now on maneuvers in Alabama.
Seaman Robert Pich, U. S. Navy, USS "Cincinnati." At sea near west coast. Age 18. Enlisted 1939. Mother: Mrs. Fay Pich, Athens, Ind.
Robert Rose, Air Corps. U.S. Army. Fourth year of service. Flying cadet at U.S. Army Flying field, Randolph Field, San Antonio, Texas. Parents: Mr. & Mrs. D. T. Rose, Rochester, Ind.
Russel E. Appleman, Co. "K", 11th U.S. Infantry, Ft. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. Now on maneuvers in Alabama. Enlisted May 16, 1935. Mother: Mrs. Tot Appleman, RR 4, Rochester, Ind.
Also, insofar as is known at this time there are four of the retired personnel of the Services residing in Fulton county, viz:
Capt. O. I. Minter, U.S. Army, Ret.
Master Sergt. C. E. Stafford, U.S. Army.
Chief Master at Arms, Ora Clark, U. S. Navy.
Technical Sergt, John Kolthoff, band, 52nd Coast Artillery.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, December 20, 1939]

FLOYD STUDY RECALLED FOR SERVICE BY NAVY
Floyd L. Study, of Akron, Route 2, near Beaver Dam lake, has been recalled for service in the navy by the United States government and will leave his home for League Island navy yards, Philadelphia, Pa., on August 28.
Study, who saw 17 years and four months actual service as chief torpedoman on the L-2 and has been in the reserve corps for the past 12 years, goes back to the yards to assist in recommissioning six submarines, S-1, S-12, S-13, S-15, S-33 and S-48 for service. He will be advanced to lieutenant, senior grade, and will take over command of a submarine.
Navyman Study, born near Beaver Dam, enlisted in the navy when 16 years old. He later wed a Warsaw girl, the former Hazel Hire, and has resided on his farm located in the southern part of Kosciusko county for nearly 12 years. For the past year he was employed by the American Fork & Hoe company, Akron.
His wife and children, June, 17, Joan, 16, Richard, 13, Margery, 11, Frances, six, Linda, three, and Janice, one year, will remain on the Study farm.
His nephew, Hax Hire, son of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Hire of Winona, is another navy man filling a position as machinist's mate, first class, aboard the U.S.S. Fairfax, on neutrality patrol on the sea. He is stationed out of Norfolk, Va.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, August 27, 1940]

FULTON COUNTY SERVICE OFFICER [Fulton County]
EARL SISSON IS SELECTED TO ASSIST SERVICE MEN
The Fulton county board of commissioners meeting in regular session Monday appointed Earl Sisson as county service officer. The office was created through an act of the 1945 Indiana General Assembly.
The position entails the care of all cases of service people and is a full time position. The appointment is subject to the action of the Fulton county council appropriating funds for the operation of such an office.
Mayor O. I. Minter, commander of the A. H. Skinner Camp of the Spanish-American War Veterans, Oliver Grove, commander of the LeRoy Shelton Post of the American Legion, and Harry J. Halstead, former Second District commander of the Legion, appeared before the board of commissioners and petitioned the establishment of the office and recommended the appointment of Mr. Sisson.
The appointee is an overseas veteran of World War 1, a member and past commander of the LeRoy Shelton Post and was service officer for the post for several years. He was also formerly head of the local OPA offices of Fulton county.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 3, 1945]

FULTON COUNTY SLAVERY [Fulton County]
WHITE MAN ONCE SOLD IN SLAVERY IN THIS COUNTY
While the Abolishionists in the North prior to the Civil War, led by Abraham Lincoln and others, were waging a determined campaign against negro slavery in the South, a white man was twice sold in slavery by the Fulton county commissioners in 1856 and 1857, R. S. Tombaugh, who is working on a WPA project revising county plat books, discovered today.
Tombaugh came on the information while he was obtaining data on the various annexations made to the town of Fulton. On June 4, 1856 the records show that the county commissioners bound Orlando Collins, a pauper, to David Van Blaricom, who bought him for one year for $38.
Under the contract Van Blaricom was to furnish Collins with board, lodging and clothing and the county his medical attention. During the winter it seems that Van Blaricom did not have work for Collins so he made him go to work for a neighbor, Henry Pownall.
Heard of Transfer
The commissioners hearing of this transfer entred an order on June 3, 1857 which read thus: "As Orlando Collins did not receive the treatment that Van Blaricom contracted to give we this day SOLD said Collins to Job Johnson for the coming year, at $38 with same stipulation as to board, lodging, clothing and medical attention as obained in the contract with Van Blaricom." This was a straight sale of Collins, no statement being made as to sale of his services.
The records show that Collins was offered for sale by advertisement in the newspapers and by posted notices. Payments to the county by Van Blaricom and Johnson of $38 were also made a matter of record. Andrew Oliver was the county auditor at the time and the board of commissioners was composed of the following men: Richard Coplen, William Ball and John McConnehey. - - - - - .
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 25, 1939]

ANOTHER PERSON WAS SOLD HERE IN BONDAGE
Further evidence that in the early days paupers, both men and women, were bound out to defray the cost of their upkeep, was found today by Harley Kochenderfer while working on a project at the court house in which old records are being revised.
Several months ago another man working on the same project, found where the services of a man by the name of Collins, were advertised for sale by the Fulton county commissioners in 1850. Collins was sold into bondage on three different occasions, the records disclosed.
In the case uncoveredby Mr. Kochenderfer, at the June session of the Fulton county board of commidssioners in 1850, Rhoda Vincent, a resident of Union township, was bound out to Isaac Cannon at the rate of $1.75 per week to cover the cost of her clothing and medical attention, Cannon to provide her with board and room.
The record shows that the services of the Vincent woman were advertised for sale in the newspapers and also by public notices and that Cannon was the only one to bid for the services of the woman, who had been adjudged a pauper.
The full record in this case can be found in Record B, page 356 of the Fulton county commissioners' reports. The county commissioners who signed the Vincent report were the late John W. Ingram and Benville Stern.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 22, 1939]

FULTON COUNTY SUN [Rochester, Indiana]
Located N side of street at 130 E 8th.
See Rochester Republican; Rochester Sentinel.
__________

[Adv] Just a Newspaper - Not an "Organ" - an Independent Weekly -- THE FULTON COUNTY SUN. "Not afraid of it's Shadow" Out January 9th, 1913 - - - - THE VAN TRUMP COMPANY, Office after January 1st, Corner 8th and Madison Sts. Northern Corner Public Square.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 18, 1912]
STOCKHOLDERS OF THE SUN ELECT DIRECTORS
The first meeting of these stockholders of the Fulton County Sun since a number of new members were added to the organization, was held Tuesday afternoon in the offices of the Sun following the call of Harold B. Davidson, president. Those present were practically all former progressives, with one or two exceptions, which was taken to mean that the Sun will continue to the views of the republican party.
Directors elected for the year were A. P. Copeland, Abert Chipman, Chas. Babcock, Howard DuBois and Selden J. Brown. Several committees were appointed, by-laws were adopted and information was given that $10,000 had already been raised and that there was a move to come as soon as the pledges were paid. The meeting adjourned after a short session.
Among those who were reported at the meeting were Ed Mohler, Selden J. Brown, Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Engle, C. C. Campbell, William Biddinger, Murray McCarty, Justice of the Peace William Ewing, Chas. Babcock, Carl Keel, Lee Moore, Dr. Arch Brown, O. R. Carlson and A. P. Copeland. The court house officials were represented by County Commissioner Dave Swihart, County Auditor John McClung, County Attorney Albert Chipman, County Superintendent Berry, former Deputy Auditor Howard DuBois, and by County Engineer A. C. Davidson.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 6, 1923]

FULTON COUNTY SUPT. OF SCHOOLS [Fulton County]
We learn that Mr. Hugh Miller was appointed School Inspector and County Superintendent at the late session of the County Commissioners. . .
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, June 27, 1861]

FULTON COUNTY THRESHERMENS' ASSOCIATION [Fulton County]
UNION IS FORMED
We the threshermen of the State of Indiana, believing in the necessity of an association for our mutual good, to protect our mutual interests, and to promote harmony among ourselves; to secure just and equitable laws for the protection of ourselves, our lives and our property, do hereby unite in an association to be known as the Fulton County Threshermens' association.
The above paragraph is the preamble adopted by the threshermen of Fulton county, at their meeting at the court house in this city, Saturday afternoon.
In the past seasons of harvest time the threshermen of the county were all independent of each other and necessarily there has always been more or less of a jangle as the result of a cut in prices and other matters that continually arise in the business. Accordingly, to do away with this state of affairs, the threshermen decided to get together and form an assocation that there might be unity among themselves. The table of prices adopted by the association will readily convince the farmers that it is not the purpose of the union to work any hardship upon them. Following is the lists of prices: - - - -
As seen by the comparison all sorts of prices were charged heretofore, while now one farmer will pay the same as another and the threshermen will get the same.
Charter members of the association are, J. H. Baird and sons, Oliver Geier, Lee Montgomery, Charles R. Coplen, Melvin Jones, J. P. O'Connell, D. A. Wagoner, Adam Blinn, C. F. Good, T. E. Shelton, Charles Fry and T. J. DuBois.
The officers elected Saturday are: President, T. J. DuBois; vice-president, Oliver Geier; secretary and treasurer, Lee Montgomery; directors, Charles Coplen, J. P. O'Connell and Eugene Shelton.
The next meeting of the association will be held at the court house Saturday, April 30.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 18, 1910]

FULTON COUNTY TOWNSHIPS
Originally: Rochester, Liberty and Richland.
Henry and Union taken from Rochester.
Newcastle taken from Richland.
Wayne taken from Liberty.
Tippecanoe taken from Union. [Name later changed to Aubbeenaubbee]

Change of Township Line. Mr. Editor: You will please give notice in your paper that sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 17 and the north half of section 18, township 29 North, Range 2 East, at the March session of the Commissioeer's Court, were detached from Liberty and attached to Wayne township. A. J. Holmes, A.F.C.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 29, 1862]

Commissioners Meeting. B. A. Eidson, James Keeley and R. T. Beattie meet. . . . An order was made attaching sections 34, 35 and south half section 36 Township 31 Range 3 East to Newcastle twp.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 6, 1862]
See Henry Township.

FULTON COUNTY TREASURERS OFFICE ROBBED [Rochester, Indiana]
Treasury Robbed. Last night the Treasurer's Office in this County was broken open and robbed, the burglars relieving our County of about $2000 besides other valuable papers and monies deposited in it. No trace of the burglars have yet been learned. The safe was evidently robbed by some old safe robber who uhnderstood his business. He had stolen two sledge hammers and two cold chisels with which he made an entrance. Fulton county has been very unfortunate; the Treasury was robbed in 1863.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 24, 1867]

Safe. The funds of our county Treasury are no doubt safely secured in the new safe. . . as the large safe arrived last Wednesday and is now placed in the Treasury room. It is a large one, weighing over 14,000 pounds.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, July 4, 1867]

FIRST OF BONDS STOLEN FROM TREASURER OF COUNTY
IN 1867 TURNS UP AT WASHINGTON
A lead which may solve the mysterious robbing of the Fulton county treasurer's office in 1867, when William Sturgeon held the office, was furnished this week when a $50 government bond of the 1863 issue was presented at the Treasury Department for redemption. It had been part of the $25,000 loot taken from the office at the time of the robbery.
This bond, a Civil War issue, was last week sent for redemption by the Tanner National Bank of Catskill, N. Y., on behalf of a client by the name of Smith. When the Treasury Department employees went to look up the bond they found that a stop order had been placed against the payment by the heirs of Mr. Sturgeon.
The Treasury Department officials immediately notified the New York bank that there was a stop order against the sale of the bond as it had been stolen, and that the only way they could release it would be for Mr. Smith to get a release from the parties who had placed the restrainig order. The Treasury Department officials also wrote Mrs. Jennie Sturgeon Taylor of South Bend, a daughter of the late William Sturgeon, about the presentation of the bond.
Mrs. Taylor in turn wrote to Rochester banks and to other citizens of this city telling them of the discovery. The files of old papers published at that time which are stored in the recorder's office at the court house, then were looked up. They stated that $25,000 in money, notes and government bonds were taken from Mr. Sturgeon's safe by apparently professional safe blowers.
The bond which turned up is numbered 82,356 and was one of many which were taken by the robbers. This is the first one of the stolen bonds which has ever turned up for redemption since the time of the robbery. An effort will be made to ascertain how Mr. Smith came into possession of the bond, as it may give the Sturgeon heirs an opportunity to find now some facts concerning the robbery and it may also give them an opportunity to recover money which their father had to pay out to make up for the robbers loot.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, December 22, 1924]

FULTON COUNTY VETERANS SERVICE OFFICER
Dewey Dudgeon was Service Officer for three years before he died in 1972.

FULTON COUNTY VOTING MACHINES [Fulton County]
The Fulton county commissioners met in special session today for the purpose of receiving bids on eleven voting machines to be purchased by the county.
The Empire Voting Machine Co., of Rochester, N.Y., was the only bidder and was awarded the contract. Mr. Fillmore, the company's representative who has been here with the sample machine before, was present today at the letting. The new machines are to be the United States Standard model and will cost $750 each, making a total expenditure of $8,250.
The machines will be delivered the first of next August, according to the contract and will be paid for with the savings over the old method of voting.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, November 29, 1909]

FULTON COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL [Rochester, Indiana]
SETTING MEMORIAL TABLET
Workmen were busy today placing the bronze memorial tablet, containing the names of those Fulton county men who made the supreme sacrifice in the recent war, on the north side of the west entrance to the court house. The exercises attendant with the unveiling of the tablet are scheduled for Sunday afternoon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, September 11, 1920]

DEDICATION OF BRONZE TABLET SOLEMN AFFAIR
An impressive ceremony marked the inveiling of the bronze memorial tablet at the west entrance of the court house Sunday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock, where several hundred persons, among them members of the McClung Post, G.A.R., and a delegation of the American Legion, were gathered to do honor to the twenty-two Fulton county men who made the supreme sacrifice in the great world war in whose honor the tablet is dedicated.
Chairs for the relatives of the departed heroes, whose memory was honored by the short services, had been placed about the court house entrance and flags were hung about the building. The band, starting from the corner of Main and Eighth streets, lead the small column of ex-servicemen to the scene of the exercises.
Rev. H. Gerald Gaige opened the program with a prayer of invocation and the principal speaker, Enoch Myers, who made the speech of presentation for the members of the D.A.R., was introduced by Mrs. J. R. Barr, Regent.
Mr. Myers launched into a short history of the Daughters of the American Revolution from the time of its birth in 1890, with 18 charter members to the present day of over 200,000 members. He told of the purpose of the organization, to commemorate the deeds of the heroes of America and to promote patriotic Americanism.
Mr. Myers also touched on the wars of the United States, the Revolutionary, Mexican, Civil, Spanish-American and the last great war, lauding the spirit of self preservation and love of liberty which had incited them, and then calling upon the members of the board of county commissioners, in the name of the D.A.R. presented the tablet to them as representatives of the citizens of Fulton county.
Mary Jane, ldaughter of Mr. and Mrs. Guy Alspach, at this point, unveiled the tablet and all present stood with bared heads while the band played "America." Atty. R. R. Carr, of Akron, speaking for the citizens of the county, lmade a short speech of acceptance, in which he declared that the tablet was not appreciated for its intrinsic value but for the fact that it is a"fitting monument to prepetrate in our memories the deess of theheroes who gave their lives for liberty."
Following a moment of silent prayer for the departed heroes, Rev. W. J. Niven offered a dedicatory prayer and a selection by the band concluded the program.
The names of the men inscribed upon the tabler are: Clarence O. Benge; John W. Black; Claude Clymer; Jacob Golub; Benjamin Hartz; Fred Hartz; Frank W. Huffman; Martin A. Irvine; Earl C. Kiester; Clarence V. Madary; Otto Madary; Dean W. Mikesell; George R. Murphy; John A. Nicodemus; George L. D. Parrish; Ohmer G. Rush; Leroy C. Shelton; Jesse Snyder; Frank VanMeter and William R. VanVeler
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, September 13, 1920]

FULTON COUNTY WATER-WORKS COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
See Rochester Water Department

FULTON CREAMERY [Fulton, Indiana]
NEW CREAMERY ACCEPTED
The new Fulton creamery, built by the farmers in the vicinity of Fulton, at that place, has been finished and was accepted today from the contractors, Burnap Building Company of Toledo, Ohio.
Operations will begin about March 20 and it is expected the plant will be in full swing a short time later. Three men will run wagons to collect cream, within a radius of five miles of Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 1, 1911]

FULTON CREAMERY HAS BEEN SOLD
The creamery at Fulton has been sold by the stockholders to M. O. Enyart, the price being $800, it is said. It is also reported that the business will be abandoned there and the building used for a garage.
There are many reports concerning the institution to be heard, but from reliable authority it is learned that the building and equipment cost the promoters and stockholders $5,000. The industry was completed last year and has been in operation about one year. During the time it is said to have lost the stockholders something in the neighborhood of $2,400, which leaves them a net loss of about $6,600.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 15, 1912]

FULTON DEPOT [Fulton, Indiana]
Six carloads of Italians arrived in Fulton this morning to begin the erection of a new depot at that place and to put in some sidetracks for the Chesapeake & Ohio of Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 14, 1911]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Fifteen carpenters began work on the new C. & O. Depot at fulton today. The work will be completed within sixty days. The structure is to replace the one burned recently when the elevator and surrounding buildings were destroyed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 23, 1911]

FULTON ELEVATOR [Fulton, Indiana]
Located W side of street N of railroad.
Built shortly after the railroad in 1902.
Later bought by Fulton County Farm Bureau.
__________

FULTON ELEVATOR SOLD
Fulton Leader.
The A. D. Toner elevator here was sold Monday to Ott Calloway of Rochester, who will take charge about the 8th of next month. The price has been agreed to on the machinery and buildings and an inventory of the stock will be taken later. Ott is one of the best known men in the county and no doubt will make warm competition for surrounding elevators in prices on grain and other articles handled by this institution. The coal and lumber trade are veritable money makers. Taken all in all there is not a more profitable business in the United States today than that of the elevators. Every apartment of the Fulton elevator is in first-class condition and fully equipped. New buildings have been added as the need for them arose. J. E. Snepp, the manager, has been a success and a great deal of credit is given him for his ability and faithfulness to duty.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 21, 1911]

William R. PATTERSON, 70, of Fulton, proprietor of the Fulton mill for a number of years, died at that place at 9 o'clock Monday morning half an hour after suffering a heart attack. The final illness occurred within one hour. He was working in his garden at the time, and is believed to have become overheated.
He was one of the trustees and founders of the Fulton United Brethren church, and formerly had lived at Roann.
He is survived by the widow and one son, Charles [PATTERSON], of Hartford City. The widow, when she learned of the death, was prostrated, it was reported, by a heart attack.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, June 15, 1925]

FULTON FLOUR MILL [Fulton, Indiana]
KEWANNA
Kewanna Herald.
Milton Enyart, formerly a general merchant in Kewanna, now a resident of Fulton, has just bought the Patterson flour mill at that point and already has it running full tilt.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 5, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Fulton Leader.
J. H. Lewis, a practical grist mill man from Frankfort, Ind., has purchased the Fulton flour mill on Aitken street and will have it in operation on Tuesday, November 23.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 19, 1909]

FULTON GERMAN CLUB [Fulton, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
Among the incorporations at Indianapolis yesterday was the Fulton German Club, of Fulton: officers, Milton Clabaugh, president; J. W. Louderback, vice president; W. C. Snyder, secretary and treasurer.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 12, 1907]

FULTON HARDWARE CO. [Fulton, Indiana]
See McMahan & Becker
__________

FULTON FIRM TO INCORPORATE
An important business change took place Saturday in Fulton when the McMahan, Becker Hardware firm decided to file articles of incorporation.
The new company will be known as the Fulton Hardware Company and will be incorporated with a capital stock of $15,000. Two more members will be taken into the firm. They are Oscar Ocrnell, who has had 15 years experience in the business and Claude Studebaker, who formerly owned the business at Fulton.
The present firm has been doing a good business in Fulton and have constructed a store at Twelve Mile, where Mr. Studebaker has been in charge.
The officers of the new concern will be Oscar Cornell, president; Claude Studebaker, Vice President, Charles Becker, Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. McMahan, while retaining in interest in the concern will retire actively, and move on the former Hagen farm, southwest of Rochester.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 20, 1913]

WILL RESIGN
C. M. Studebaker, manager of the Twelve Mile Hardware Co., which is owned by the Fulton Hardware Co., will resign his position September 1. His place will be taken by A. W. Hawk, who was formerly connected with the firm of Lowe and Hawk, of Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 23, 1914]

[Adv] THE FULTON HARDWARE CO. will hold their Annual Spring Opening, Thursday, Friday & Saturday, March 7, 8 & 9 - Will give a special discount on all goods sold for cash or note - and will distribute several valuable presents, including $20.00 in gold. FULTON HARDWARE CO., C. W. Jones, Prop.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, March 5, 1929]

BUYS FULTON HARDWARE
It was announced today that the Fulton hardware store owned by Rouch and Norris has been sold to Don Pownall, a farmer residing near Fulton. Mr. Pownall rcently sold his farm and is taking immediate possession of the hardware.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, October 11, 1944]

FULTON HEATING CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW HEATING FIRM IN THE CITY
A new heating firm under the head of the Fulton Heating Co. has entered the field in Rochester, and office and working rooms have been opened in the Dr. Hill property on East Eighth street, opposite the county jail. The company is prepared to do all kinds of heating with hot air furnaces as their specialty and will also look after the tin, slate and galvanized roofing work of the city and vicinity. The men behind the business are all experienced and their work is guaranteed in every particular, so it may be well for all who have work to be done to let them figure on it before letting a contract.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 20, 1912]

FULTON HOTEL [Fulton, Indiana]
FULTON
Fulton Leader.
Charles Collier, of North Manchester took possession of the Fulton Hotel yesterday, and Ned Gangwer, the former proprietor, has stored his goods in his mother-in-law's house until he concludes what to engage in.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 4, 1908]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The Fulton hotel, owned and managed by Mr. and Mrs. Charles Collier, has been sold to Orton Waltz. Mr. and Mrs. Collier will leave soon to take up their home in Colorado.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, September 29, 1910]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Fulton Leader.
Dr. John Richards has purchased the Fulton hotel and will take charge the first of next month. Doc will just run a straight hotel, doing away with the restaurant part.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 19, 1912]
RIVALS SOUTH BEND
Ivan Oliver of Fulton has purchased the Fulton hotel and changed its name to "The Oliver."
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 19, 1915]

FULTON ITEMS
Mr. and Mrs. J. H. BARKER moved Thursday from Marshtown into the Fulton Hotel, which they recently bought.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 1, 1919]
__________

Eva Rouch Martin and her husband, Arthur Martin, managed the Fulton Hotel for a few months, then left Fulton in 1917 to live in Kewanna and in 1918 moved to South Bend, then to Ohio and back to South Bend where they resided until their deaths.
[John Richards Family, Marie Richards Henderson, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FULTON LAND COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Come out Sunday to Victoria Park and see the Most Sensational Real Estate Proposition Ever Offered in Rochester. - - - - VICTORIA PARK is located on South Main St., right in the location of Rochester's best growth. The new electric line will pass this property and these lots are sure to increase in value. - - - - FULTON LAND COMPANY, Office over Bank of Indiana. N. M. Harrison, C. N. Lodge, Managers.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 28, 1906]

FULTON LEADER [Fulton, Indiana]
In 1901 the paper was being published by David Hoffman.
Sold by Edward Snaman to Claude Billings, owner of the Akron News, on February 1, 1945.
See: Kewanna Newspapers
See: Kewanna Herald
See: Moore, James H.
__________

LOCAL NEWS
David Hoffman, who is preparing to start a newspaper, "The Leacer," at Fulton, has not yet received his press and other machinery, except the job press, with which he is said to be doing a good business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 8, 1901]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
With this issue the Leader begins the eighth year of its existence and has steadily kept on its way. Other papers have come and gone, but the Leader has continued a regular weekly visitor to the homes of the people. It has chronicled the doing and happening of the community -- the births, and marriages and deaths, the social events, the work of the churches, financial and commercial operations and the coming and going of the people.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 27, 1908]

FULTON LEADER SOLD
James H. Moore of this city has purchased of Dave Hoffman the newspaper property known as the Fulton Leader, says the Peru Chronicle. Fulton is a prosperout little town north on the C.C. & L., and the Leader is a bright country weekly. Mr. Moore will make some improvements in the office and establish a first class plant. He is already in charge, and will issue his first paper this week.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 23, 1909]

14TH BIRTHDAY
This week marks the 14th anniversary of the establishment of the Fulton Leader and the fifth anniversary of "Blower" Moore's editorship of the live Liberty township weekly. Congratulations are in order.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, April 9, 1914]

James Henry MOORE, 61, editor and publisher of the Fulton Leader, died at his home in Fulton at 10 o'clock Thursday evening a victim of paralysis. He had suffered a sudden stroke February 16th, and gradually failed until the end came. Prior to that time his health has been good.
James H. Moore was born in Miami county, near Peru, July 2, 1858, a son of Mr. and Mrs. H. D. MOORE, deceased. He engaged in the newspaper business when a young man at Peru under Major BITTERS and was following this occupation at Hammond when he was married December 31, 1902 to Miss Nellie May KING, of Peru.
Prior to his marriage, however, he and David WINTERS had launched the Peru Chronicle and after his brief sojourn at Hammond he returned to Peru and the Chronicle, where he remained until 13 years ago when he purchased the Fulton Leader of David Hoffman, which he published until the time of his death.
Surviving are the widow, Mrs. Nellie MOORE, a brother, E. H. MOORE, of Peru, and two sisters, Mrs. Amy KIRTLEY, of Defiance, Ohio, and Mrs. Mary STURGEON, of Peru.
There will be a short funeral service at the home in Fulton Sunday afternoon at two o'clock with Rev. BROWN and Rev. John MILLER in charge. The body will then be taken to the home of his niece, Mrs. Fred SOUDERS 163 East Main Street, at Peru, where services will be held at 2:00 p.m., Monday. Burial at Mt. Hope Cemetery, Peru.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 3, 1922]

FULTON LEADER SOLD TO ROBERT RANNELLS
Robert Rannells, son of E. A. Rannells of Fulton, has purchased the Fulton Leader of Mrs. Nelle Moore. It is understood that he will take possession of the plant on next Monday.
The Fulton Leader has been in the hands of the Moore family for a good many years and under the guidance of James Moore the publication assumed an important place in the community in and around Fulton. Following Mr. Moore's death the paper was published by his wife with the assistance of a nephew.
Robert Rannells comes from an old Fulton family, is well known in that community and has formerly been employed at Terre Haute. This is the young man's first adventure into the journalism field.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 14, 1924]

BECOMES PARTISAN
The Fulton Leader, for a number of years an Independent newspaper, with this issue announces that from this time forward it would be published as a democratic party organ. The editor of the paper is Robert Rannells.
[News-Sentinel, Friday, January 2, 1925]

FULTON LEADER IS SOLD TO W. C. GRAFFE, CHICAGO
Announcement was made in this week's issue of The Fulton Leader that the paper had been sold to W. C. Graffe, of Chicago, has has already taken possession. He purchased the plant from Robert Rannells, who has been editor and owner for several years. Previous to that the paper was the property of James H. Moore. Mr. Graffe has been in the newspaper business practically all his life, having been connected with newspapers in Chicago in various capacities. He and his wife will move to Fulton some time soon and make their home there. The first issue of the paper under Mr. Graffe was this week and the weekly came out with new type and new style headlines. Mr. Rannells has been in the insurance business in addition to editing the Leader but has not stated what he intends to do in the future.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, December 17, 1931]

FULTON, IND. SUFFERS HEAVY FIRE LOSS
5 BUILDINGS RAZED IN HEART OF TOWN
$10,000 DAMAGE
A fire which it is thought started from an overheated stove in the office of the Fulton Leader, a weekly newspaper, caused damage at Fulton this morning estimated at from $10,000 to $12,000 practically covered by insurance. The flames destroyed not only the Leader office but two one-story buildings occupied by Dr. C. A. Doud and Dr. F. C. Dielman and two two-story rooms owned by M. O. Enyart and damaged the R. & K. lunch room to the south of the newspaper office and a filling station owned by William McDougal located just north of the Enyart buildings.
The fire was discovered by a passing motorist at 4 o'clock who awoke persons living nearby who turned in the alarm. The name of the motorist was not learned. At the time the fire was discovered the office of the Fulton Leader was in a mass of flames. The Leader is owned by W C. Graff, who purchased the newspaper four months ago from Robert Rannells. The Leader office was in a one-story building. The plant is a complete loss. - - - - - -
The buildings destroyed by the fire were located at the north end of the business district of Fulton. The office building occupied by Dr. Dielman was owned by Mr. Enyart while the buildings which housed the offices of the Fulton Leader and Dr. Doud were owned by E. A. Rannells. Mr. Rannells also is the owner of the R. & K. lunch room. The buildings burned were frame structures.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, February 9, 1932]
A NEW FULTON LEADER MAKES ITS APPEARANCE
A new newspaper blossomed forth in Fulton on Thursday under an old name. It is "The Fulton Leader" and the first issue was an eight page, six column sheet, well filled with news and advertising. This newspaper has no connection with previous Fulton Leaders, it is understood, it simply having taken the old name over.
The editor of the paper is Everett Koontz and the associate editor is Thelma Koontz. Both of these young folks come from Logansport where they have had newspaper experience.
The Leader plant is located in the hotel building in Fulton and is well equipped to get out a paper and also do job printing. No political allegiance was expressed by the Leader in its first issue.
Fulton and community had been without the services of a local newspaper since February 9th, on which date the printing establishment was ruined by a fire which destroyed three or four other business buildings.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, June 10, 1932]

FULTON LEADER SOLD TO WARSAW, N.Y. MAN
The Fulton Leader, weekly newspaper at Fulton which has been owned and operated for the past five years by Mr. and Mrs. Everett Koontz has been sold to Ralph W. Steel of Warsaw, New York.
Mr. Steel, who will take possession of the business the first part of August, is experienced in the newspaper and job printing field, having fifteen years' experience in that line.
He with his wife will manage the business and will move to Fulton in the near future.
Mr. and Mrs. Koontz, who recently purchased the Chronicle Printing Company in Logansport, will devote their time to their new place of business.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, July 22, 1937]

FULTON LEADER SOLD TO MRS. A. M. SNAMAN BY CRIBBS
Announcement was made today of the sale of The Fulton Leader by the owners, Robert Cribb and Mrs. Ruby Cribb, to Mrs. A. M. Snaman of Rochester. The change was made effective May 1 and today's issue of The Leader carried a front page story of the new ownership. It was stated that the policy of the paper will remain the same as under the guidance of Mr. Cribb.
Mr. and Mrs. Snaman have purchased the Cribb home at Fulton and will move and make their permanent home there at once.
Mrs. Snaman has had considerable experience in the journalistic and teaching field. She graduatd from Lowell State university and studied at Boston university, New England Conservatory of Msic, Indiana university extension and Chicago univesity extension. She studied journalism at Boston university and taught the subject in high school at Fort Wayne. She taught in the Fort Wayne schools for 16 years and was principal of the Junior High school there. She also held a position on the county welfare department several years.
Robert Cribb purchased The Fulton Leader in 1938 and he and Mrs. Cribb have published the Republican paper since that time. Mr. Cribb will take his physical examination for the U. S. armed services on May 5.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, May 3, 1944]

BRANCH OFFICE OPENS
Mrs. Alice Snaman, publisher of the Fulton Leader, reported today that she is opening up a branch office of The Leader in the law offices of her husband, Ed Snaman, which are located at 118 East Eighth street, this city.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, November 11, 1944]

FULTON LEADER IS SOLD TO BILLINGS OF AKRON
The Fulton Leader, for the past few months owned and published by Mrs. Ed Snaman of Rochester, was sold late Wednesday to Claude Billings, publisher of the Akron News.
Mrs. Snaman stated the sale was made with considerable regret but that the manpower shortage as well as restrictions on newsprint left no other course of action.
Mr. Billings, for the present time, plans to suspend the publication of The Leader and is moving the plant equipment to his plant at Akron. It is presumed that the new owner will feature Fulton news in the Akron publication.
The leader was a Republican newspaper and has been published for well over 50 years. Ed Snaman, owner of The Kewanna Herald, recently suspended publication of that county weekly for similar reasons.
The Snamans will reside in Rochester, where Mr. Snaman is engaged as a conservation officer and also is in the law business.
The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 1, 1945]

FULTON LIBRARY [Fulton, Indiana]
The Fulton Library moved Saturday from the room over the C. M. Studebaker store to the Gilmore rooms just west of the postoffice. - - - FULTON ITEMS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 11, 1922]

FULTON LUMBER CO. [Fulton, Indiana]
Located W side N of Fulton Elevator. Owned by Marvin Zabst.
The building was once a garage.
It was used by Jorgen Christiansen to train horses for his circus act in 1940.
__________

SELLS HIS INTEREST
Elden Thomas, who for the past 18 months has operated the Fulton Lumber Yard at Fulton, yesterday disposed of his interest to John Parks of Bourbon, who has taken possession. Thomas who formerly lived in Plymouth, will return to that city to reside.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 4, 1940]

LUMBER COMPANY CLOSES
The Fulton Lumber company of Fulton closed its doors several days ago. John Parks, manager, has moved to Galveston Lumber company. The former owners of the Fulton Lumber company have purchased the yard at Galveston and will move the Fulton stock to Galveston.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, December 5, 1940]

FULTON OIL COMPANY [Fulton, Indiana]
OIL FOUND AT FULTON
A telephone message from Irv Rannells, Tuesday morning, stated that the drill in the Fulton oil well reached trenton rock Monday evening and when it had gone into the oil and gas bearing sand rock 5 feet oil commenced flowing up and at 10 feet in the trenton there was a good showing of oil.
Whether or not the oil in this well is there in paying quantities makes but little difference. The fact that it is there is sufficient to prove that Fulton county has oil and drills will be set agoing in many places. The Rochester well will be put down at once. Kewanna will likely proceed with the organization started there and the neighborhood about Fulton will be thoroughly investigated.
Overland news from Fulton is to the effect that excitement is very high here. Talk of brown stone fronts, street railway and colossal riches may be heard. In addition to this the talk of moving the county seat and our new court house and lions down there is heard and Justice Beck is mentioned for Judge and Wes Fenimore for high sheriff. Another story goes that they want a new county at Fulton with boundary lines so "gerrymandered" as to take in Lew Enyart of Macy, Burton Green of Perrysburg, Bobby New and Jack VanDuyne of Green Oak, and Major McFadin of Logansport.
Isom R. New is president of the Fulton Oil Company and M. O. Enyart secretary and it is reported that they have enough stock subscribed to get down another well at once.
Secretary Enyart, of the Fulton Oil Company was in town Wednesday and reports that the oil well in his town stands full of water -- not salt water but "blue lick" water, the kind with which oil never associates. The drillers of the well say there is no use of going deeper after "blue lick" water is found and the directors of the company will probably abandon the well.
Mr. Enyart says the SENTINEL was right in its report of Monday. Oil showed up the first ten feet in trenton but in small quantitites. Whether or not another well will be put down has not been decided.
The well put down at Walton, Cass county, is also a failure and prospects for paying oil wells are dwindling pretty rapidly.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 24, 1897]

FULTON POST OFFICE [Fulton, Indiana]
Located on SR-25 and SR-114.
In 1901 the post office was located in a tiny building E side of street across from Felder's drug store. John Reed, a Civil War veteran, was postmaster. Others included John Zook, Walter Skinner, and Grover Stingley, to name a few.
The building is now the site of the laundromat.
__________

POSTOFFICE AT FULTON IS REDUCED TO FOURTH CLASS
The postoffice at Fulton will be reduced from one in the third class to the fourth class on July 1st it was learned here today. This is but one of many postoffices affected in Indiana as the result of the annual readjustment of postmasters salaries which is based on the total amount of business done by the postoffice during the previous year.
The salary of the postmaster at Fulton now is $1150 per year but this will be reduced some under the new classification. Just what amount of business done by the postoffice last year was not learned. Twenty-three other postoffices in the state suffered the same fate as the one at Fulton in being dropped from third to fourth class. - - - -
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 20, 1933]

FULTON POSTMASTERS [Fulton, Indiana]
Sam Houseworth, Sep 8, 1843, Disc Jan 26, 1845.
Re-established Nov 1, 1850.
Robert Aitken, Nov 1, 1850. Francis Richter, Sept 19, 1866.
Robert Aitken, Jan 4, 1868, N.B. July 18, 1883, James Wilson, Nov 18, 1881.
Geo W. Cook, July 26, 1883, Aug 6, 1883.
James Wilson, Nov 12, 1908.
Morton O. Enyart, Apr 4, 1888, M.O. Apr 27, 1892. Haynes M. Wood, Apr 7, 1893.
John C. Phillips, June 19, 1888.
John V. Reed, Jan 9, 1895, N.B. Jan 18, 1900, N.B. Dec [??], 1903. John L. Zook, Dec 22, 1906.
Ray Bish, Sep 14, 1914. Clarence G. Stingely, Sept 28, 1915. Pres. April 1, ----P&S.
Hugh R. Henderson, (Act) Oct 20, 1921. Cecil R. Sparks (P&S) Mar 2, ----.
Hugh R. Henderson, Dec 13, 1922, Walter M. Skinner, P&S Jan 12, 1925 Act Apr 22, 1924, Reapt Jan 19 ---

CECIL SPARKS TO BE FULTON POSTMASTER
Cecil Sparks, republican, will be the next postmaster at Fulton, his name having been confirmed by the Senate according to a dispatch. Sparks who is 29 years old and an ex-service man, will succeed Hugh Henderson, republican, temporary postmaster, who is also an ex-service man and a republican. The next postmaster is the son of Newt Sparks.
Three men took the civil service examination for the place at Fulton. They were Grover Stingley, democrat and former postmaster, Ott Reed, republican, and Sparks. The grades of the three were Stingley, 90%; Sparks 76% and Reed 73%. The postoffice department selected the second man on the list for the place. Reed, it is understood was a former progressive.
It will be remembered that last April the Fulton postoffice was raised from the fourth to the third class. Sometime in October, Postmaster Stingley received a letter from the department at Washington that owing to the change in classes of the office that it was therefore vacant and that he would turn over the position to Hugh Henderson who would take the place temporarily.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 4, 1922]

ANDREW LARGE IS MADE POSTMASTER AT FULTON
Andrew Large well known democrat and farmer of Liberty Township, was appointed acting postmaster at Fulton and took charge of the office Monday. He succeeded Walter Skinner, republican, who has been postmaster there for the last nine years, and who was a holdover.
It is understood that an examination for postmasters will be held in Rochester on July 27 and 28, at which time candidates will answer the questions presented by the civil service department and will be graded accordingly. It is understood, however, that Large has the recommendation of leading democrats in his community and the endorsement of Congressman George Durgan.
The Fulton postoffice on July 1st was dropped from the third class to the fourth due to a falling off in receipts which also resulted in a decrease in the salary of the postmaster.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, July 11, 1933]
__________

Walter M. Skinner, confirmed Jan 19, 1929, Rel July 19, 1933, Resigned.
Andrew C. Large, Act P.M. July 19, 1933, assumed charge July 11, 1933, Ret July 1, 1933. Confirmed Sept 15, 1933, commission signed Oct 5, 1933, assumed charge Oct 5, 1933, Rem.
Mrs. Margaret L. Stout, Act P.M. Apr 21, 1936. Confirmed Oct 8, 1936, commission signed Nov 4, 1936, assumed charge Nov 11, 1936, Pres July 1938 Res Vol.
Donald M. Zartman, Act P.M. Jan 15, 1948, assumed charge Jan 16, 1948, Rel. July 1, 1939. Nominated Mar 27, 1950, confirmed Apr 17, 1950, Apptd P.M. Apr 18, 1950, commission signed Apr 18, 1950, assumed charge June 30, 1950, Res Pres July 1, 1953.
Mrs. Nanette Kingery, Act P.M. July 30, 1953, assumed charge July 15, 1953.
Randall L. McCroskey, Act P.M. Aug 11, 1954, assumed charge June 30, 1954, 2nd Dep. Nominated July 21, 1954, confirmed Aug 11, 1954, Apptd Pres Aug 12, 1954, commission signed Aug 12, 1954, assumed charge Sept 30, 1954.
[F.C.H.S. Files]

FULTON PRODUCE COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
SCHMITT AND BRAUDE FORM NEW COMPANY
Rochester has a new busines venture, according to announcement made by Frank Schmitt, who states that he has formed a partnership with E. Braude, of Silver Lake, and will start a new poultry and egg firm, to be located in the Progress Grocery building.
Mr. Schmitt has resigned from his position as head of the local Armour and Company branch, which he held for the past four years, to take up the new venture. He has been employed by Armour in this work for the past 20 years, giving him a world of experience, while his partner, Mr. Braude, has long been engaged in the same work.
For the present, at least, the new concern will occupy itself solely with buying and selling of poultry and eggs, but it was intimated that at a later date a creamery may be established here. Operations in the new concern will be launched formally Friday morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, July 27, 1921]

FULTON PRODUCE CO. IS OUT OF BUSINESS
The Fulton Produce Company, established here about two years ago by Frank Schmitt, when he retired as manager of the local branch of Armour & Company, has gone out of business, according to announcement made by Schmitt Tuesday. Schmitt as head of the local firm had been associated in the poultry and egg business with E. Braude, of Silver Lake. Braude has sold out his Silver Lake interests to Fred McCowan, also of Silver Lake and plans to retire from business. Schmitt has not yet announced his pla

FULTON REALTY & LOAN COMPANY [Fulton, Indiana]
NEW FIRM
Ort Waltz and C. E. Becker have formed a partnership at Fulton in the real estate and loan business. The firm has been styled the Fulton Realty & Loan company.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 6, 1918]

FULTON REVIEW [Fulton, Indiana]
Second newspaper published in Fulton, Fulton Review, March to July 1957, published by Betty Miller.

FULTON STATE BANK [Fulton, Indiana]
OFFICERS FOR NEW BANK
The stockholders of the new bank to be put in at Fulton met recently and elected directors as follows: George Rentschler, W. V. S. Norris, V. J. Pownall, W. H. Deniston, A. P. Copeland and Omar Smith. Following their election the directors then elected the following officers: Omar B. Smith, President; George Rentschler, Vice President; and Howard Frain Cashier.
As soon as a suitable room can be obtained and furniture placed the bank will open and it will doubtless be a prosperous institution from the start as Fulton has developed into a very lively business center and the men in charge of the new bank are widely known as trustworthy and enterprising business men.
Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 8, 1907]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
The furniture and fixtures for the State Bank at this place have arrived and will be placed in position in a few days and be ready for business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, October 1, 1907]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
M. O. Enyart was the first depositor in the new State Bank at this place and the writer was the first to present a check for payment.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, October 14, 1907]

FULTON
Kewanna Herald.
The Fulton State Bank has installed a new twelve ton Herring time lock safe which is the latest improved make and entirely safe from burglary and fire.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 25, 1908]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The Fulton State bank, Fulton, have preparations well under way for the erection of a handsome new building. The George Cook property, opposite the postoffice, has been purchased and today the old frame house was removed to the back of the lot and ground will at once be broken for the new building. The new building will be a two-story structure with the bank on the first floor and the upper floor will be converted into office rooms. It will be twenty feet wide by eight feet long, and will be a handsome addition to the business section of Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 14, 1910]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The new bank building at Fulton has been completed and Contractor Parcel is busily engaged with a large force of men moving the big safe from the old building into the new one today. The Masons have a new home in the suite of rooms above the bank and are preparing to have dedicatory services within the next two weeks.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 30, 1911]

OMAR SMITH RETIRES AS FULTON BANK HEAD
After organizing the institution and serving as its president for fifteen years, Omar B. Smith, of this city, retired as the head of the Fulton State Bank at his own request at the meeting of the directors at Fulton Monday afternoon. He will continue to serve as a director. A. P. Copeland of this city was elected to succeed Mr. Smith as president.
In addressing the directors Mr. Smith requested that he not be considered for re-election and that someone else be chosen as he desired to be relieved from the duties of the work, which he had taken care of since 1907 when he organized the bank. In a letter which he read to the board he reviewed the work of the past 15 years of the institution and thanked the directors for their support which he said had contributed so materially to the splendid success of the bank.
Other officers besides Mr. Copeland elected were George Rentschler, vice president and Howard E. Frain cashier. Both of the latter are from Fulton and have held these positions for many years.
At a meeting of the stockholders which preceded the election the following men who have served as directors since the bank was founded were re-elected: V. J. Pownall, W. V. S. Norris, George Rentschler, A. P. Copeland, Howard E. Frain and Omar B. Smith.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 16, 1923]

FULTON STATE BANK 1925 OFFICERS ARE SELECTED
The common stockholders of the Fulton State Bank held their annual meeting at Fulton Friday afternoon. After the report of the year's business was read, the stockholders selected George Rentschler, V. J. Pownell and Howard Frain of Fulton and A. P. Copeland of this city as directors for the coming year. The directors then met and re-elected the same oficers as held office during 1924.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, January 17, 1925]

FULTON BANK DEPOSITORS TO RECEIVE PAMENTS
Washington, March 28. - Within a short time the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is expected to begin payments to depositors of the Fulton State Bank, Fulton, Ind., which closed on March 18, 1939.
The bank held total deposits of approximately $160,000 at the time of suspension and practically the entire amount is estimated as being insured. The bank had about 4,000 deposits at the time of its suspension.
This was the 12th closing of an insured bank in the state of Indiana since the beginning of deposit insurance on Jan. 1, 1934.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, March 28, 1939]
FULTON BANK DEPOSITORS TO RECEIVE THEIR MONEY
G. C. Callahan, Washington, D.C., a representative of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, arrived in Fulton today and will start paying depositors of the Fulton State Bank which is now being liquidated.
The paying of the depositors of the bank will start at 9 o'clock Friday morning and will continue for several days.
Mr. Callahan stated his office hours will be from 9 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1 to 3 p.m. Daily.
The bank had guaranteed its depositors up to $5,000 for each depositor in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation which is a government operated institution.
The bank had approximately $162,000 on deposit at the time it was closed for liquidation.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 30, 1939]

FULTON STEAM FLOURING MILLS [Fulton, Indiana]
The Fulton Mills. We were at Fulton on Tuesday last, and called at the Fulton Steam Flouring Mills, where we found Mr. E. Kirtland, one of the proprietors, and Fred. Peterson, both good fellows, busy in the manufacture of flour. . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 4, 1863]

FULTON TELEPHONE CO. [Fulton, Indiana]
FULTON
From the Leader
The Fulton Telephone Co. directors met Monday evening elected Geo. Rentschler, president; H. L. Becker, secretary and superintendent, and E. E. Jackson, treasurer. They will build at once.
Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 3, 1904]

COURT HOUSE NEWS
The Fulton Telephone company was granted a franchise to construct telephone lines over roads of the county.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 5, 1904]

MUD LAKE
The Telephone Co of Fulton put in their phones last week through this vicinity and are giving satisfaction.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 25, 1905]

FULTON TELEPHONE CO. SOLD
According to word received here the firm of Savage and Cloud of Macy has purchased the Fulton Telephone Company and will take possession at once. The former owners of the exchange, Charlie and Henry Becker, established the Fulton Company many years ago and have owned and managed it ever since. Recently they petitioned for an increase in rates which resulted in many farmers in the vicinity banding together and having their phones removed. Savage and Cloud own the exchange at Macy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 26, 1919]

FULTON
From the Leader:
The Fulton Telephone company opened up their lines for business yesterday morning. The central office is in charge of Mrs. Leona Rouch, and all connections of lines are made for service. The company starts operations with 30 phones in town and about that number in the country.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 23, 1904]

FULTON
Fulton Leader.
The Fulton Telephone company has been strengthened with several thousand dollars more of stock and arrangements are being made to enlarge the plant from 159 to 200 more phones.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 28, 1905]
__________

Leona Richards (Mrs. Dan) Rouch, was the first telephone operator in Fulton. The office was in a small wooden frame building on West Dunn Street. The switchboard was open for calls from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. through the night for emergency calls. So she and her daughter Vera Rouch lived in an adjoining room which served as bedroom and kitchen. An alarm would waken her during the night if an emergency call came in. The fire bell was rung by pulling a heavy rope. As fire calls came in by phone, she would ring the bell. Later the office was moved to the brick building built next to the old one. As Vera got old enough she helped to relieve her mother. Then, when two shifts were put on, she was the second person. My other sister, Eldorado, learned and so did I, so the operator stayed within our family for a long time. I never worked regular hours.
[John Richards Family, Marie Richards Henderson, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

FULTZ, D. G. [Rochester, Indiana]
NEW AUTO AGENCY OPENS IN CITY ON MARCH 9TH
A new auto agency, garage and repair shop will open for business in the Charles Robbins building, situated at 623-625 Main street on Saturday, Mach 9th. The new agency is being opened by D. G. Fultz, of this city.
Mr. Fultz has had over 16 years of experience in all branches of the automotive business and being a life-long resident of the community, has a wide acquaintance of friends from which he expects to draw a portion of their patronage.
The new agency will carry the Dodge passenger cars and trucks and also a complete line of Plymouths. A complete line of the 1935 Plymouths and Dodges will be shown here on the opening day, Saturday.
Assisting Mr. Fultz in the sales department of the agency will be Ray Stetson and William L. Fenstermaker, both of this city. Anannouncement advertisement of the agency appears elsewhere in this issue of The News-Sentinel.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 7, 1935]

FULTZ, HARLEY C. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] - - - - Silver Flash Gasoline, HARLEY C. FULTZ, North Main Street.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 17, 1928]

FULTZ, WALTER [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Walter Fultz)

FULTZ RESTAURANT [Rochester, Indiana]
ROBBINS RESTAURANT SOLD
The restaurant owned by Charles E. Robbins has changed hands, the deal having been closed Monday evening. The new proprietors are A. D. Robbins, of this city and F. M. Fultz, of Chicago, who took possession this morning. The present owners are well known here and will undoubtedly make a success of the business. Mr. Fultz will have charge of the restaurant, while Mr. Robbins will continue in the stock business.
The retiring proprietor has been at that place for the past four and one-half years and in that time has built up a splendid trade by his genial ways and treatment of his customers. At the present Mr. Robbins has not decided what he will do, but has several propositions to choose from and it is likely he will soon be in business here again.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 9, 1904]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Mr. and Mrs. Marion Fultz have moved here from Chicago and will occupy the Kenly property in the northwest part of town. Mr. Fultz has already taken charge as proprietor of the Chas. Robbins restaurant, bakery and lunch room.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 22, 1904]
__________

Wonder what Harry Capp, who operated a restaurant on the south side of the public square back in the gay nineties, would think of today's restaurant take? And then there was R. P. (Nobby) True who served a good farm meal for less than a half-dollar. Who remembers when Marion Fultz held forth where the Courthouse View Restaurant is now the Kiwanis headquarters? In the Fultz restaurant a ham sandwich cost a nickle and that was before the day of hamburgers.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, October 6, 1959]

FULTZ TIRE STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
We will drain and refill your crank case Free of Charge with every Tire Sale on Thursday, Bargain Day. FULTZ TIRE STORE.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 8, 1924]

FUNK, GAIL [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Gail Funk)

FUNK, WALTER [Akron, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Walter Funk)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Walter Funk)
1

FUR INDUSTRY [Fulton County]
[Adv] Good prices and liberal grade on all kinds of Fur - - Jay Ginther, 1307 Madison Street]
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 5, 1924]

FUR INDUSTRY HERE NOW AT SEASON'S PEAK
$50,00 TO $55,000 BUSINESS THIS YEAR SEEN
One of this community's largest industries is passing through its peak season.
Few persons realize what financial importance the traffic in furs has in this county. In the environs of our own county seat, more shooting or trapping of fur bearing animals and more sales of furs are recorded annually than in any other county of the state, according to the larger dealers in furs.
It is estimated by local dealers that between $50,000 and $55,000 will be paid out this season for furs taken locally, and in addition, local dealers will expend $20,000 in furs taken in other counties nearby.
Fur this year, in this vicinity, has been consistently of high quality, perhaps better than in several counties.
Skunk, mink, opossum, muskrat, raccoon and fox are the pelts most frequently obtained by the hunters and trappers.
Sometimes some rare furs come into the hands of the nimrods. One man recently dug out eight coal black skunks, a real prize. Broad striped skunks' hides bring about fifty cents to seventy-five cents, but a coal black skunk fur is accepted by buyers at $2.50 to $2.75 each.
The disposition, or ultimate destination, of the furs is interesting. It is not generally known that practically all the skunk fur in the country is sent to Germany, but this is what the fur dealers tell us. Mink fur is sent to Holland, where, we are told, it is made into "Hudson seal" garments.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Tuesday, December 1, 1925]

FYVIE, ROBERT, MRS. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: World War II

FULTON COUNTY, INDIANA

HANDBOOK

GAFILL OIL CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
ALSPACH HOME SOLD
The Alspach residence, southeast corner of Main and Tenth streets, this city, has been sold to the Gafill Oil Company of South Bend, who will erect a modern filling station on the site. The building will be razed and the lumber salvaged within the next few dayhs. This structure, one of the oldest in Rochester, was built in 1870 by the late Dr. Vernon Gould.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 5, 1941]

GAMBLE STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester, Indiana [Historical Review]
__________

NEW AUTOMOTIVE SUPPLY STORE OPENS HERE SOON
A new, well equipped automotive and light hardware store will open in the Ike Onstott building on South Main street, within a week or ten days, according to an announcement made by J. L. Conner, of Peru, who is supervising the arrangement and stocking of the new business enterprise.
Mr. Conner, who is manager of a similar store at Peru one of a chain of several such stores owned by the Gamble automotive accessories company, states the Rochester store will carry all sorts of automotive supplies, tires, batteries, hand and power washing machines electric and ice refrigerators and a stock of light hardware.
Watch for the Gamble store announcement advertisement which will appear in an early issue of the News-Sentinel.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, August 13, 1935]

HARRY T. GRISE TAKES OVER GAMBLE AGENCY
Harry T. Grise, Hibbing, Minn., has taken over the Gamble Store agency in this city. The store is located at 824 South Main Street.
Mr. Grise is an experienced hardware dealer and has been employed in a Gamble agency in Hibbing for several years.
The new manager plans to make many changes in the store and has stated that he will hold a March sale which will be announced in The News-Sentinel.
Mr. Grise is married and is the father of three sons. One of the sons, Howard, is helping his father in the store here. The other sons will graduate from Hibbing High School this spring after which the family will move to this city.
Don Olson who has been the manager of the Gamble agency here since it was opened here six months ago, has moved to Ely, Minn, where he will be in charge of another store of the agency.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 13, 1936]

GAMBLE STORE IS SOLD TO CHICKASHA, OKLA. MAN
Harry Griese today sold the Gamble Store at 824 South Main Street to Fred Hill of Chickasha, Okla., an experienced hardware store operator who has taken possession.
Mr. Griese came to this city last February from Hibbing, Minn., where he had operated a Gamble Store for several years. He with his family left for Los Angeles, Cal., today by motor where they will make their future home.
Mr. Hill is a former resident of Tipton. He has been a store manager for Montgomery Ward Co., in a number of cities including Chickasha, Okla. and Fort Worth, Tex.
Mr. Hill plans to remodel and redecorate the store and completely re-stock the same.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, October 27, 1936]

NEW GAMBLE STORE OPENS HERE TODAY
A new Gamble Stores Authorized Dealer located at 715 Main street will be opened here today. This store is independently owned and operated by R. O. Arnold, who is making his home here permanently.
The merchandise will consist in part of auto supplies, paint, radios, household goods and light hardware. From his association with Gamble Stores Mr. Arnold is able to meet mail order and big city prices which will bring substantial savings to the people of this community. Mr. Arnold's store is one of over 1,400 similar Authorized Dealers operating throughout the north and middle West. Buying in a group enables Gamble Stores Authorized Dealers to get the benefit of the large volume buying of Gamble Stores. They also have the advantage of all the latest, up-to-date selling and merchandising methods as well as the newest in store display fixtures.
Large Selling Group
The Gamble organization, 15 years old, includes a total of almost 1,700 outlets, 1,400 of which are Gamble Authorized Dealers, similar to the new store here, independently owned and operated, and the balance are regular Gamble Stores.
The Authorized Dealer plan was started in 1933 in order to bring the buying and selling advantages of Gamble Stores to the smaller communities.
Formal Opening March 16th
Everything is in readiness for the opening of this new store here today when the people of this community will have their first opportunity to inspect the extensive lines of merchandise handled by this store. Grand opening of the store will be March 16th.
In addition to the merchandise carried regularly in stock, this new store will also have available a mail order service through which many other lines of merchandise are available such as furniture of all kinds, rugs, kitchen cabinets, lamps, sewing machines, stoves and ranges, oil burners, cream separators, stationary pumps and many other items.
Mr. Arnold has been associated with Gamble Stores for some time, coming to Rochester from Adrian, Minnesota. He has had wide experience as an interior decorator.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, March 9, 1940]
GAMBLE STORE TO CLOSE, UNABLE TO GET STOCK
Rodney Arnold, manager of the local Gamble Store at 715 Main street, announced today that following his sale which is to begin on Friday, February 12th, he will discontinue his present business.
Mr. Arnold stated that he is taking this action due to the difficulty of securing the necessary stock to continue in business.
As the Gamble store is run on a volume basis and as the rationing of all goods may become necessary, Mr. Arnold said that it would be impossible to continue.
The manager said that his plans for the future remained indefinite.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 10, 1943]

SELLS REMAINING STOCK
Rodney O. Arnold, owner of the Gamble Store at 715 Main Street, has announced that he has sold the remainder of his stock of merchandise to Bamble & Srogmo of Chicago. What disposition of the store the purchasers will make is unknown. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold and daughter will return to their former home in Adrian, Minn.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, February 20, 1943]

GARBER & CO., R. E. [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL CONTRACTOR GIVEN STATE BRIDGE CONTRACT
Indianapolis, April 6. (UP) - Contracts for $158,991 in new road improvement were awarded by the state highway commission today. Included was:
R. E. Garber & Co., Rochester, awarded a contract to replace a weak narrow bridge over Bee Camp creek, east of Madison for $37,843.14.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, April 6, 1937]

LOCAL CONSTRUCTION CO. AWARDED $64,309.e0 JOB
Indianapolis, Aug. 25. (INS) - A Rochester firm was the low bidder on one of the largest grade separations undertaken by the state with Federal aid, it was announced here.
The project, a grade separation on Indiana Road 21 over the C. & O. railroad, three miles southeast of Richmond, received the lowest bid from R. E. Garber & Co., of Rochester of $64,309.30.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, August 25, 1937]

GARDNER, OLLIE [Rochester/Michigan City, Indiana]
MISS OLLIE GARDNER NATIONALLY HONORED
The Michigan City high school newspaper, "The Crimson Comet", supervised by Miss Ollie Gardner, a former instructor in Rochester high school, has won first place in the National Scholastic Press contest conducted by the department of journalism of the University of Minnesota.
While an English teacher in the local high school, Miss Gardner was also sponsor of the high school, "Station R.H.S." This is the second time Miss Gardner's paper, "The Comet," has won national recognition.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, May 18, 1935]

GARN HARDWARE [Rochester, Indiana]
HARDWARE SOLD
A. E. Marx of Royal Center, owner of the Garn hardware stock on north Main street, sold it Wednesday morning to John Provines of Huntington. Mr. and Mrs. Marx will return to their home.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 22, 1916]

GARNER, CLARENCE [Rochester, Indiana]
LEASES OIL STATION
Clarence Garner has leased the Shell Oil Company filling station at 528-520 North Main Street and has taken possession. Ted Smith, who has had the place under lease for the past year, will go to Indianapolis to enter business.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 3, 1937]

GARNER, M. LEONARD [Bruce Lake, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From M. Leonard Garner)

GARR, MARY [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Fairview

GARR, SADIE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Fairview

GARWOOD'S STORE [Akron, Indiana]
Located S side of E. Rochester Street. [104 E. Rochester St.]
U. Grant Slaybaugh was a pharmacist.
See Arter's Drug Store.

GASKILL, D. L. [Rochester, Indiana]
THE HAYDEN ENCAUSTIC SIDEWALK TILE . This vitrified glazed tile makes the handsomest and most durable sidewalk in the world. They are impervious to water. They are not slippery in icy weather They will last a life time. They are indestructible. - - - - For full information see D. L. GASKILL.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 6, 1895]

GASOLINE PRICES
GASOLINE INCREASE
ANNOUNCED BY ALL REFINERY AGENCIES
An increase of 2 cents a gallon in both wholesale and retail gasoline prices went into effect throughout Indiana Saturday, according to statements made by local representatives of refining companies. Practically all independent concerns made the announcement of the increase following a similar announcement by the Standard Oil Company of Indiana from Chicago, Friday.
Consumers will pay 20.2 a gallon for low test gasoline and 24 cents a gallon for high test at the filling stations today. These prices include the state tax of 2 cents a gallon. The increase is also effective as concerns tank wagon prices.
Consident with the announcement of increased gasoline prices, refining companies last night generally announced an increase of 1 cent a gallon on kerosene. The new wholesale prices on kerosene will be 11.7 cents a gallon for high grade, it was said. Retail prices, it was said, vary according to the dealer. Low grade kerosene has been selling at an average price of 15 cents a gallon retail.
Second Raise in Two Weeks
The announcement was the second ordering a 2-cent increase in gas prices within two weeks. On Dec 29, gasoline prices in the same territory were raised 2 cents a gallon.
The retail price before Dec. 29, has averaged 16.2 cents a gallon for low test and 20 cnts a gallon for high test gasoline, including the tax. These prices were put into effect Nov. 10, when reductions of 2 cents a gallon by the Standard Oil Comany were followed by similar reductions by other refining companies.
The reductions Nov. 10, followed more drastic cuts in gasolune prices announced by the Standard Oil Company Aug. 13 1923. At that time, the Standard Oil Company cut the price of gasoline five to 6 cents and six-tenths cents a gallon. [sic]
The Standard Oil Company announced then that the reductions were made to meet competition caused by Governor McMasters, of South Dakota. Governor McMasters began selling gasoline through the state agencies at prices far below those previously in existence. When the Standard Oil Company brought down its prices to correspond with those set up by Governor McMasters, independents accused the comany of attempting to squeeze out competitors, but followed the lead of the Standard Oil Company in making further reductions.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 12, 1924]

SOUTH BEND STATIONS SELL GASOLINE AT 12¢
South Bend, Ind., Sept. 21. (I.N.S.) - Gasoline here today was selling at 12¢ a gallon as the result of the latest cut in price in the gasoline war.
The reduction was announced by officials of the Standard Oil Co. Sinclair announced a reduction yesterday to meet competition from the Independent stations on the outskirts of the city.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, September 21, 1927]

CHEAP GASOLINE AT WARSAW
A gasoline war is on at Warsaw between the Polk Oil company and the Standard Oil Company. Gasoline has been cut four cents in price and including state tax is being sold to the customers at 15 cents.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, October 29, 1927]

PRICE OF GAS LOWERED TWO CENTS PER GALLON
One ray of sunshine fell today on the motorists when the Standard Oil Company and other large companies serving the public in this city announced a two-cent per gallon reduction in the price of all grades of gasoline. The reduction in price was general throughout the central west and was said to be due to competitive conditions in the petroleum market. Under the new scale of prices commercial gas which was retailing for 21.4 cents per gallon is now retailed at 19.4 and high test and ethyl which commanded a price of 24.4 is now sold at 22.4 center per gallon. There is no change in the price of oils or kerosene.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, February 17, 1930]

GASOLINE CUT AGAIN
Low test gasoline was reduced 1.4 cent on the gallon here this morning and today is selling at 17 cents a gallon at filling stations. It is the second cut within the last week, the first one being for two cents. All local gasoline distributing companies have the new prices in effect.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, September 25, 1930]

OIL COMPANIES REDUCE PRICE OF GAS 2 CENTS
A reduction of two cents a gallon in the price of gasoline effective today was ordered by all of the larger oil companies serving this city. The new price makes commercial gasoline or low test retail here for 16.4 cents per gallon and Ethyl and high test gasoline at 19.4. Kerosene was also reduced in price two cents a gallon making the tank wagon price 10.4 cents per gallon. This is the first reduction in the price of kerosene in many months. The reduction in the price of gasoline was made throughout this section of the state and had nothing to do with a recent price cutting war which was staged in this city during the past few weeks by several companies. The reduction in price according to officials of many of the oil companies serving this city was due to the fact that there is a surplus of gasoline in the United States and it was thought that a lowered price would stimulate the use of automibiles.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 5, 1931]

GASOLINE PRICES HERE AGAIN SLASHED 1 CENT
Regular and ethyl gasoline dropped one cent a gallon at all filling stations in Rochester yesterday. The movement it is understood was widespread in nearly all middle western states being caused by overproduction of crude oil. The drop in price was the second in two weeks. All oil companies joined in both reductions. Low test gasoline now sells at 15.1 cents a gallon, regular, 16.6 and ethyl 19.6 cents.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 19, 1933]

GAST. A. A. [Akron, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Andrew A. Gast was born in Akron, Fulton County, September 14, 1856. He received a fair education in the common school at Akron, and remained with his father assisting with the farm labor until learning the shoe-maker's trade; he set up shop for himself in the autumn of 1876. Under his management his business has greatly increased since that time.
Mr. Gast was united in marriage with Miss Laura Ball, who was the daughter of H. W. Ball, one of the pioneers of Kosciusko, on June 7, 1879. This couple are the parents of two children, and are esteemed by their entire circle of friends as young people of strict integrity, and a pleasant, genial pair.
Mr. Gast's parents, Andrew and Mary Gast, were natives of Bavaria and Swizerland respectively; they were married in New York City about 1845, and moved thence to Columbus, Ohio, then Fremont, Ohio, finally locating in Akron in 1853, where he followed the occupation of a shoe-maker, and died Septmber 4, 1876, Mrs. Gast following him in less than a month.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 38]

PLEASE SETTLE
I will be at W. K. Stephenson's Shoe store in Akron on next Saturday March 7th, and all persons owing me on note or book account are requested to call and settle, as these accounts are long past due and I must square them up. A. A. GAST.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 4, 1891]

A. A. GAST {Biography)
Few men in Fulton county have a wider acquaintance or a larger circle of friends than A. A. "Monto" GAST, ex-Sheriff of the county and ex-postmaster of Akron. He is a native of the county having been born at Akron in 1855, where at an early age he learned the shoemaker's trade. The day he became of age his father died and A. A. at once assumed the management of the shoe trade built up by his father and conducted it successfully until elected Sheriff in 1888. He filled this office very efficiently for two terms and then returned to Akron where he purchased a farm adjoining the town and located thereon the most extensive tile and brick factory in the county. He employs a large number of hands, has a splendid business and his family consists of a wife, formerly Miss Etta BITTERS, and four sons.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

NEWS NOTES OF AKRON
Mr. A. A. Gast has built himself a nice office building at the tile and brick works east of town. This is a convenience that he can not well do without when he has used it once.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 29, 1899]

LOCAL NEWS
A. A. Gast & Sons have sold their tile mill at Kokomo, and will devote their entire attention to their Akron plants, which will be enlarged and improved in the near future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 4, 1903]

AKRON
A. A. Gast visited his tile factory at Metz, this week, which is under the care and superintendency of Karl, his 16 year old son. He says Karl makes a trusty superintendent and is careful to save the profits.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 18, 1904]

Monterey Sun.
The new Monterey school building will be completed tomorrow. The time set for the completion of the building by Contractor Gast, of Akron, was on Tuesday of this week. Within a few days Trustee Keller will have the seats placed in position, and after the holiday vacation the school will open in the new and modern building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, December 24, 1904]

AKRON
Akron News.
A. A. Gast and son Estill will depart today for Cherryvale, Kan., where they are both interested in a large brick factory, part of the product being pressed brick. Estill takes charge of the establishment and expects now to make that his permanent home. The industry has been established for several years and has been a money maker.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 11, 1908]
AKRON
Akron News.
Mr. A. A. Gast, characteristic of his past life among us, will continue to help his town and vicinity on to prosperity and better things. We refer in this particular to the fact that he has just purchased 63 acres of land of Enos Kreig east of town on which there is an abundance of brick and tile clay of superior quality and from which he expects to manufacture as fine and as durable products as any brick and tile factory in all northern Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 17, 1909]

NEWS OF THE DAY
A. A. Gast & Son, of Akron, have been awarded the contract for a new school building in Akron. Their bid was $23,965.75. The new building is to be modern in every particular. The entire basement will be excavated and fitted up in two rooms -- one for domestic science and one for manual training. The first floor will take care of 150 pupils -- in two recitation rooms. The second floor will have at least three school rooms, laboratory, library room and the superintendent's office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 29, 1912]

GAST IS ELECTED
A. A. Gast, of Akron, was one of the four new directors elected at the meeting of the State Board of Agruculture in Indianapolis Tuesday. John Isenbarger was slated to become the new president at the meeting held Wednesday morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 9, 1918]

BIOGRAPHY
A. A. Gast. One of the most active business men of the town of Akron and an important factor in Fulton county, is Andrew Almondo Gast, contractor and extensive land-owner. He was born in Fulton county, Indiana, September 14, 1855, son of Andrew and Marie (Halbeisen) Gast. Andrew Gast was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1814, grew to manhood there, learned the shoemaking trade and followed the same in New York City for five years after coming to the United States, then removed to Fremont, Ohio, and later to Columbus, Ohio, where in 1853 he took out his naturalization papers. In 1853 he came to Indiana, Akron at that time being only a small hamlet. His subsequent life was spent at Akron where he acquired ninety acres of land. His death occurred September 14, 1876. He married Marie Halbeisen who was born in Berne, Switzerland, in 1826, and died in 1876. In young womanhood she accompanied her brother to the United States and had lived one year in New York when her marriage took place, to which marriage ten children were born, Andrew A. being the fifth in order of birth and one of the three surviving sons two of whom still live in Fulton county. He attended the local schools and remained with his father, giving assistance in the latter's trade, that of shoemaking, and when his father died, assumed charge of the business, continuing in this line until 1888. In the meantime he had become active in Democratic politics in Fulton county and in 1885 was appointed postmaster of Akron, and in 1888 was elected sheriff of Fulton county, serving in this office for two terms. During this period he also served as chairman of the Fulton County Democratic Committee. For many years he has been concerned in contracting and building and since 1918 has been extensively interested along this line. Mr. Gast owns 370 acres of fine land in Fulton county, 440 acres in Pulaski county, and in association with his son, E. A. Gast, has 320 acres in Jasper county. In addition to this he is a heavy stockholder in the Light, Heat and Power Co. of Akron, having been the founder of the electric light and telephone systems there. He was married in 1879 to Laura A. Ball, the daughter of a Baptist minister, who was born and educated in Kosciusko county, Indiana, and died in 1884. They had two sons, Estil A. and Thomas H., the latter of whom is deceased. Estil A. Gast is a graduate of Indiana University, and is prominent in general affairs at Warsaw, being president of the Rotary Club and formerly of the Chamber of Commerce of Warsaw. In politics he is a Democrat, and in fraternal life is a Mason, an Elk, a member of the Knights of Pythias, a member of the college social fraternity Sigma Nu, and a member of the national law fraternity, Phi Delta Phi. He is married and has two sons and one daughter. Mr. Gast's second marriage was to Flora Etta Bitters, born at Akron, Indiana, daughter of the late William and Catharine (Kuhn) Bitters. Mrs. Gast traces her ancestral line to England and Scotland. After completing her course in the Rochester High School, she engaged in educational work and for seven years taught with much success in the schools of Fulton and Kosciusko counties. She takes an active and intelligent interest in the public questions of the day, belongs to the Mothers' Club at Akron and is a member of the Eastern Star and the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. and Mrs. Gast have a family of three sons and one daughter: Karl, who is Secretary and General Superintendent of the Akron Light, Heat and Power Co., and Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Masonic Lodge and the Knights of Pythias, is married and has two sons and two daughters; Whitney, who graduated from Purdue University in 1917, and is a Mason, became County Agent of Cass county but resigned in order to associate himself with his father in the contracting business, is married and has one son; Marie, who graduated from Purdue University in 1922, is a member of Kappa Kappa Gamma Greek-letter sorority, and is planning to work for an advanced degree; and Robert P., who is in his sophomore year at Purdue University and a member of the Sigma Nu Greek-letter fraternity, is preparing for the profession of civil engineering. The family home is a beautiful residence on East Main street, Akron. Mr. Gast is a Thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner, and belongs also to the Knights of Pythias. For nearly thirty years he operated the Akron Brick and Tile Mill successfully during which time he erected many of Akron's public buildings. His parents were devoted members of the Church of God, but for many years he has had membership in the Methodist Episcopal church at Akron and has served on its official body.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 195-197, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GAST GETS CONTRACT
E. A. Gast, of Warsaw, who is associated with his father, Monte Gast, of Akron in the road construction business, Tuesday was awarded the contract for the construction of the Festus Minear road by the Kosciusko county commissioners. The road, which is about three miles long, extending east and west through Claypool, is to be of cement. Twice previously letting had been held up for various reasons. Gast's previous bid six weeks ago was about $3,000 higher.
[News-Sentinel, Wednesday, January 7, 1925]

GAST, K. STUART [Akron/Winamac, Indiana]
K. S. GAST APPOINTED AS JUDGE PULASKI COURT
Indianapolis, Dec. 15. (INS) - Gov. M. Clifford Townsend today announced the appointment of one of the youngest circuit court judges in the state's history.
He is K. Stewart Gast, of Winamac, selected as Judge of the Pulaski county circuit court to succeed Judge John Reidelbach, who died six weeks ago. Gast is not yet 30 years old.
Gast formerly lived in Akron, Fulton county, Indiana. He is the son of Mr. And Mrs. Karl Gast, of Akron, and is a graduate of the Indiana University Law School.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, December 15, 1938]

ATTY. S. GAST JOINS WINAMAC LAW FIRM
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 3, 1941]

GAST, KARL B. [Akron, Indiana]
See: Larry's Furniture-Appliances
__________

BIOGRAPHY
Karl B. Gast, dealer in electrical supplies, is one of the enterprising business men of Akron, and a native of Fulton county where he was born May 11, 1888. He is the eldest child born to A. A. and Florence Etta (Bitters) Gast, a sketch of whom is to be found elsewhere in this work. Mr. Gast of this review was reared in his native county, and graduated from the Akron High School in 1907, and the following year took the complete commercial course in the Huntington, Indiana, Business Cololege, and was graduated therefrom. His initial business experience was managing a tile and brick plant belonging to his father at Metz, Indiana, this at the age of sixteen years. On July 1, 1910, he assumed the management of the Akron Light, Heat & Power co. and has continued in this to the present time. He also carries a large stock of electrical supplies. In 1912 he purchased a garage which he operated for four years. During this time he also sold automobiles. In addition to these lines he is proprietor of the Argonne Theater, one of the most commodious moving picture theaters in the county, with seating capacity for 315 people. Here the best films are shown, and a very large patronage is enjoyed. Formerly he owned and operated the Swastika, but sold that theater to assume charge of his present one. This young man is very efficient and resourceful, and early demonstrated his ability. When he was only sixteen years old his father sent him to Metz, Indiana, to operate a tile plant he owned, and he succeeded in this work in a most gratifying manner. In addition to his other holdings he owns valuable property in Henry township, and is a man of substantial means. His political sentiments are in accordance with the principles of the Democratic party, and he is very prominent locally, having been precinct committeeman for three years, and secretary of the county organization for two years. He is secretary of the Akron Chamber of Commerce. Not only has he passed all of the chairs of the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias, but he has been a delegate to the grand lodge of that order. The Methodist Episcopal church holds his membership. June 22, 1910, he married Miss Mabel K. Leininger, and they have two sons and two daughters: Juanita, Stuart, Barbara and Charles E., and all but the youngest are attending the Akron grade schools. Mrs. Gast was born in Kosciusko county, Indiana, and was graduated from the high school of Akron in 1909. For the following year she was a student of the Winona Normal School, and for a year she taught school in her native county. Like her husband she is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and she is president of the Mother's Club at Akron.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 197-198, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

KARL GAST IS NAMED POSTMASTER AT AKRON
Karl Gast, well known business man of Akron, has assumed the office of postmaster at Akron following his appointment. He took over his new duties last Friday succeeding Harley Secore who has served in that capacity for the past eight and one-half years. Gast is a democrat while Secore is a republican.
Gast has been prominent in democratic political circles in Henry Township for a number of years and is well known over the county. It is understood that he was endorsed for the position by Congressman George Durgen. Others who were considered for the place were Marion Fultz, former postmaster, Earl Barr and Fred Walgamuth. The position pays $2,000 a year.
Mr. Gast owns the motion picture threater at Akron, is owner of a plumbing and electrical business and manages a farm. W. E. Ackert of Kewanna has been placed as manager of his plumbing and electrical business.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, June 20, 1933]

BUYS AKRON HOTEL
Karl Gast has purchased the fixtures and the building of the corporation which owns the Hotel Akron at Akron. Mr. Gast plans as to the future of the hotel could not be learned today as he was absent from Akron on a business trip.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, April 5, 1940]

KARL GAST ACQUIRES ELLIS REED BUSINESS
Ellis Reed, for many years owner and operator of the Reed Furniture store, 619 Main street, on Wednesday announced the sale of his business to Karl Gast of Akron, who will take possession April 1.
Gast is at present operating stores in Akron and Kewanna. He plans several changes in the Rochester store, it is said.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 8, 1945]

KARL GAST TAKES OVER REED FURNITURE STORE
Karl Gast, well known Akron merchant and business man, today announced that he had taken possession of the Ellis Reed Furniture Store, 619-621 Main street and that hereafter, the business will operate under the name of The Rochester Home Furnishings Store.
The store, Mr. Gast states, will be closed for a perioed of about two weeks during which time the room will be remodeled, redecorated, and filled with new merchandise.
Larry Williams, a seasoned furniture man of South Bend, will have an operating interest and manage the business. Mr. Williams has purchased the Claude Studebaker residence on West 13th street, and will move with his wife and daughter to their Rochester home in a short time Mr. Reed, who founded the store, has not revealed his future plans.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, April 2, 1945]

__________

Karl Gast Co. operated by Karl B. Gast until his death in 1968.
Tom Gast, his son, bought the Morris home-place in 1969. He started the Tom Gast Heating & Insulation business there after Karl Gast Company closed in Akron after Karl died in 1968.
[Leininger-Krause Family, Charles Daniel Smith, Faye Leininger Smith, Kate Morris Jennens, and Violet Titterton, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GAST, RUDOLPH N. [Henry Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Rudolph N. Gast is one of the leading fruit cultivators in Fulton county. He has thirty-eight acres on which he lives and devotes to the growing of apples, blackberries, strawberries, raspberries, and other small fruits. He was born July 14, 1859, at Akron and has lived there ever since. Thirty-eight years ago Mr. Gast joined the Church of the Living God since when he has never missed a camp-meeting. He prides himself upon being a total abstainer from both liquor and tobacco as well as coffee and tea. His health at the present time gives witness to his good habits. He recalls that when he began to market strawberries they brought him five cents a quart and were sold by the dishpan full. He introduced to the fruit trade in Akron the quart berry baskets which have been used ever since. He was twice married. His first wife died in May, 1919, and in December, 1921, he took another helpmate in Miss Clara Brant a member of one of the oldest families in the state. They have no children of their own but he and the first Mrs. Gast reared seven orphans.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 198-199, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GAST, WHITNEY K. [Akron, Indiana]
WHITNEY GAST OF AKRON CHAMPION SPUD GROWER
Lafayette, Ind., Nov. 16. - Whitney K. Gast, of Akron, former county agricultural agent in Cass county, is the 1931 champion potato grower in Indiana, with a yield of 506.38 bushels per acre. Announcement to this effect was made today by W. B. Ward of the horticultural extension staff of Purdue University, state leader of the 400 Bushel Potato Club project conducted jointly by the University and the Indiana Vegetable Growers' Association.
W. W. Stauffer, also of near Akron, 75 years old, who has won the championship several times in the past, was second this year with a yield of 505 bushels per acre. His brother, Dr. H. R. Stauffer of Nappanee, a state representative from Elkhart county, also a consistent winner, was third, with a yield of 478 bushels per acre. - - - - - -
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, November 16, 1931]

WHITNEY GAST AGAIN CROWNED POTATO KING
- - - - Whitney K. Gast, of Akron, state champion potato grower last year, won the title again this year with a yield of 569.71 bushels per acre, the highest ever reported in the state and more than 60 bushels per acre above his record of last year. - - - -
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, November 11, 1932]

W. K. GAST IS GIVEN SIGNAL HONOR BY PURDUE
Lafayette, Ind., Jan. 12. - (U.P.) - Four former Purdue university students were awarded distinguished agricultural certificates at the annual luncheon of the state agricultural conference, today.
The certificates, given in recognition of excellence in extension work, have been awarded only ten men in six years. They are issued upon winning of two gold medals or the equivalent. Those honored and the projects in which they excelled, included Whitney K. Gast, of Akron, pig and potato clubs.
The Indiana Rambouilett sheep breeders association named Lewis Ervin,, of Bourbon, vice-president.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, January 12, 1933]
WHIT GAST AGAIN WINS POTATO CHAMPIONSHIP
Whitney K. Gast of Akron, Fulton county treasurer, for the third straight year has won the title of the state's leading potato grower. He was chosen at the annual muck crops show which was held at Warsaw last week. Mr. Gast produced 443.4 bushels of No. 1 potatoes per acre. William Gahring of North Judson, who it was at first reported had won the title, produced 329 bushels of No. 1 potatoes per acre. Mr. Gehring's field run of 575 bushels per acre, however, was higher than Mr. Gast's which was 555. E. L. Mitchell, farmer living west of the city, also won honors with his exhibits of onions and potatoes at the show.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, November 14, 1933]

15,000 TULIPS ARE IN BLOOM IN GAST GARDEN
Hundreds of flower lovers will make their annual pilgrimage to the Whit Gast Tulip Gardens at Akron, next Sunday, May 13th. Akron is ten miles east of Rochester and Lake Manitou at the junction of State Roads 14, 19, and 114. This being Mother's Day, arrangements are being made for an extra crowd of visitors.
Nearly eighteen thousand bulbs were planted last fall, and it is anticipated that there will be in the neighborhood of 15,000 in bloom Sunday, which number embraces over one hundred varieties representing every color, shade and hue known to tulipdom.
This rare display of nature's springtime beauty attracts visitors from all parts of the state each spring. We are informed that the exhibit will be in full splendor for about the next ten days. Between four and five thousand people visited the Tulip Gardens last season. Visitors are welcome at all times.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, May 10, 1934]

TWO FULTON COUNTY FARMERS PRODUCE
RECORD BREAKING MUCK CROPS
Whit Gast of Akron and E. L. Mitchell of Rochester given feature publicity in "The Prairie Farmer" following inspection tour of muck lands. Cass County firm also praised for its high quality produce.
Editor's Note - The following story along with the pictures shown appeared in the November 10th issue of The Prairie Farmer. It tells the story of what two prominent Fulton County farmers and another from Cass County have done in making muck soil yield big crops.
[here follows lengthy article] - - - - - - - -
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, November 20, 1934]

WHIT GAST, AKRON, WINSONION GROWING TITLE
Lafayette, Ind., Nov. 14. - W. K. Gast, Fulton County farmer of near Akron, today was announced as the winner of Indiana's 1938 onion growing championship.
To win the high honors in the 1,000 Bushel Onion Club, Gast produced 900.59 bushels of onions on one acre. The contest is sponsord by Purdue University and the Indiana State Vegetable Growers Association.
Gast is a former Cass County agricultural graduate. He will receive a gold medal at the annual northern Indiana muck crops show opening November 15 at Walkerton.
Other growers to receive gold medals for producing 800 or more bushels of onions an acre will be: Fredrich Surma, North Judson, 818.44 bushels; E. L. Mitchell, Rochester, 812.22 bushels, and Everett Troyer, Laotto, 811.23 bushels. - - - - - - .
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, November 14, 1938}
NAME AKRON MAN KING OF MUCK CROP GROWERS
Lafayette, Ind., Nov. 16. - W. K. Gast, Akron, this year's state onion champion and well known veteran producer of muck crops, Tuesday was declared as "Indiana's Most Distinguished Muck Crop Farmer."
Roscoe Fraser, Purdue university muck crop specialist, in announcing the county and state winners in the muck crop achievement project, stated the outstanding farmers will be honored at the Northern Indiana Muck Crop Show, which got underway Tuesday at Walkerton and will continue for four days.
To win top placing, Gast grew 10 acres of onions, 52 acres of potatoes and 44 acres of corn. The object of the project is to encourage Indiana crop growers to further diversity their crops.
The county "distinguished muck crop farmers" were named as follows: W. K. Gast, Fulton county; Charles Bryce, LaOtto, Noble county; Charles Brucker, Monterey, Pulaski county; Ed Nestle, Churubusco, Whitley county; Fred Fraser, Rensselaer, Jasper county; Henry Hilger, Fort Wayne, Allen county; H. W. Emme, Waterloo, DeKalb county; Loyal Stuckman, Nappanee, Elkhart county and Freeman Clark, Ashley, Steuben county.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, November 16, 1938]

WHIT GAST IS FIRST IN STATE ONION SWEEPSTAKE
Nappanee, Ind., Nov. 10. - W. K. Gast, Akron, and Loyal Stuckman of Nappanee, two muck crop farmers, today were declared onion and potato sweepstakes winners at the 10th annual show of the Northern Indiana Muck Crops Growers' Association. - - - - /
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, November 10, 1939]

GAST FAMILY PLAYLET OVER STATION WLW
Fulton county friends of the Gast family of Akron, should tune in to Station WLW (Cincinnati) at 12:15 (CST) Saturday, January 25th, to hear a dramatization of Whit Gast's record as a champion onion producer and muck crop farmer.
The station WLW staff actors in the dramatization of the Gast family agricultural experiences will represent A. A. Gsat, Whit Gast and Mrs. Whit Gast. These special agricultural programs are prepared and presented under the sponsorhip of the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service of Dayton, Ohio.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 24, 1941]

GAST & BRITTON [Rochester, Indiana]
STUDEBAKER AGENCY IS RE-OPENED IN THIS CITY
The Studebaker Corporation has opened up a new automobile and truck agency in this city under the management of Robert P. Gast and W. L. Britton. The new firm has established quarters in the building at the corner of Main and 5th street, formerly occupied by the Munson Auto Sales Co.
Mr. Britton who will have charge of the new agancy, will roon move to this city from Peru. A complete line of Studebakers and Erskins passenger cars and trucks are now on the display floor.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, November 19, 1928]

GAST & SHOBE [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv} Announcement. In the near future, we will open a sales room and service station for Maxwell and Studebaker automobiles in Rochester. A. E. Shobe is located in Rochester now while Karl Gast will remain in Akron. We want your patronage and will be pleased at any time to give you a demonstration of our cars. Gast and Shobe.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 8, 1915]

GAST CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, A.A. [Akron, Indiana]
In 1926 Walter "Fat" Morris worked for the A. A. Gast Construction Company when they built the Main Street in South Bend, Ind.
[Daniel Whittenberger-Monroe Morris Family, Kate Morris Jennens, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
__________

GASTS GET TWO GRAVEL ROAD BUILDING JOBS
The Gast Construction company of Akron on Wednesday were awarded the contract by the Kosciusko county commissioners in session at Warsaw, for the construction of the J. A. Bloom gravel road in Jackson and Monroe townships on their bid of $14,173.80 and the Jonathan Wyland gravel road in Wayne township on their proposal of $10,281.71. - - - - .
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 25, 1926]

GAST GARAGE, KARL [Akron, Indiana]
[Adv] R-C-H "Twenty-five" 3 or 5 passenger fully equipped F.O.B. Detroit $900. Most economical car for 1913 less than one cent a mile figuring gasoline 20¢ per gal and oil 15¢ per qt. - - - -
OAKLAND, The Car With a Conscience. - - - - - Jan. sales 6 cars. KARL GAST GARAGE CO. Akron, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 27, 1913]

Karl Gast of Akron has retired from the garage business, selling out to Harry Showalter and his brother-in-law, Russell Meredith, and has turned possession over to them.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 25, 1914]

GAST MAUSOLEUM [Akron, Indiana]
AKRON
Akron News.
The elegant new burial vault or Mausoleum that Mr. A. A. Gast has been building in the Odd Fellow cemetery since last fall has just been completed. The inside finishing and decorations were finished this week. It is a handsome receptacle for the bodies of the deceased. And Tuesday the remains of Mrs. A. A. Gast, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Ball, who died about twenty-four years ago, were taken up and was placed nicely in the vault, hermetically sealed in their last resting place.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 25, 1908]

GAST MOTOR SALES [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Certified Used Cars. - - - - GAST MOTOR SALES, 501 Main St., Phone 51. "Home of Studebaker Sales and Service."
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 21, 1928]

MANY PERSONS WITNESS MOVIETONE PICTURE SAT.
Many Rochester people Saturday heard and witnessed their first talking moving picture when the Gast Motor Sales presented a Fox Movietone at their sales room at the [SE] corner of Main and Fifth streets which advertised the Studebaker car. Five reels of talking pictures were presented free to those who visited the show rooms. The pictures showed the building of the Studebaker car, pictures of celebrities who own Studebaker cars beside their purchases were also shown. Nine hundred and fifty-two persons visited the sales room during the demonstrations. Two sales of new Studebaker cars were reported by the Gast Motor Sales as a result of the demonstration.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, April 8, 1929]

GAST TILE MILL [Henry Township]
Clay obtained from farm located one and one-half miles SE of Akron.
Owned by A. A. Gast.
Began making tile, and later made brick.
GATRELL, FRANK [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Haven't murdered many people, wrecked many trains, burned many barns, stolen many horses, poisoned many dogs, but have qualified myself for the auction block. Write or Phone me before claiming Dates. FRANK GATRELL, Phone 451 at my expense.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 28, 1909]

GAUGE VALVE COMPANY [Rochester, Indiana]
TIRE FACTORY WILL LOCATE HERE - MANY WILL BE EMPLOYED
Rochester is to have a new factory.
The above is the announcement of A. B. Green, vice-president of the United States Bank and Trust Company, whose efforts brot the new industry to Rochester. The new factory will manufacture inner tubes for automobile tires and a new regulating pressure valve.
According to Mr. Green, the company will expend more than $100,000 in the improving of the old Rochester Shoe and Slipper company, where the new plant will be installed.
The new registering pressure valve is one which will show the exact amount of air pressure in a tire as soon as the valve cap is removed. It is said that this will greatly increase the life of the tire as it will make it possible for the owners of machines to always maintain a proper amount of pressure in their tires.
Mr. Green states that the local plant will be equipped with the most modern methods for the manuracture of tires and valves.
The new inner tube and registering pressure tire valve will be sold on a competitive basis with the present day inner tube which gives Mr. Consumer a far better value for money thus expended, also insuring the immediate market for the company's product, it is said.
Mr. A. E. Serewicz and Mr. Edward A. Wehman, representing the Gauge Valve Corporation, of Chicago, are here looking after the details and reconstructing work.
Mr. A. E. Serewicz is president of the Gauge Valve Corporation and Mr. Edward A. Wahman is secretary and treasurer. Mr. A. E. Serewicz has formerly been connected with the Ajax Rubber Company and knows the tire business in its entirety.
This plant will give employment to at least one hundred of Rochester's men and women, and is to be enlarged from time to time to meet the ever increasing production they anticipate.
The reconstruction work on the plant is to be started at once.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 30, 1920]

[Adv} The Gauge Valve & Inner Tube (detailed drawing of same) - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 8, 1920]

GAUGE VALVE CORP. IS MANUFACTURING NEW SPARK PLUGS
Besides the manufacture of the product after which the plant is named, the Gauge Valve Corporation will also manufacture an automobile spark plug, in fact the plug is already being manufactured, according to announcement today.
The plug is the brain child of President A. C. Serwicz and is guaranteed to be absolutely oil, dust and grease proof. In this respect it differs from practically all ignition plugs on the market. It is manufactured apparently along the same lines as that which has been common for years. Porcelain is used for insulation but a mica at the base, or firing point of the plug, is the innovation. This disk keeps all carbon or oil deposits from the firing members of the plug, is of long life and easily renewed. New disks will retail for $1.00 per dozen and the plug itself will sell at the usual market price of all spark plugs, $1.00.
Mr. Serwicz has been working on this plug for about two years. A number of finished plugs have been turned out at the local plant and are now in use in experimental cars. The plant is still being held up on valve production by the lack of die makers and other skilled mechanics. Dies are being manufactured in South Bend and with a car load of steel enroute from Chicago production on a fair sized scale is expected very soon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 8, 1920]

THREE LOCAL DIRECTORS LEAVE GAUGE VALVE CO.
At the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Gauge Valve Corporation, held in Chicago, the resignations of A. B. Green, treasurer and H. G. Miller and R. Moore, directors, were accepted. The local men refuse to comment on their resignations. The new directors named are Albert E. Serewicz, William P. Whelan, Edward A. Wheman, Edward H. Dicker and H. E. McNeal. It was decided that the officers of the company shall draw no salaries during the current year and preparations for the issuance of first mortgage bonds due in five years on January 30, were made. Serewicz was elected president, Whelan vice-president, Wheman secretary and Dicker treasurer.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 13, 1921]

WILLIAM BIDDINGER IS GAUGE VALVE RECEIVER
As a result of the refusal of the stockholders to finance a loan of $16,000, necessary to put the plant on a productive basis, according to statements of officials, William Biddinger, former county treasurer, was late Friday afternoon appointed receiver for the Gauge Valve Corporation.
Two meetings had been held Wednesday and Thursday evenings, at which time the company's condition was set forth to the stockholders, and they were asked to finance the total necessary to get into production.
Upon refusal, a vote of the directors was taken and it was decided to apply for a receiver. A friendly receiver was asked of the court, and the request granted, which resulted in Mr. Biddinger's appointment.
Nothing further will be done with the business now until a check can be made of the company's exact situation which will take about 10 days or more. When this has been done, however, if conditions warrant, an effort will be made to operate under the receivership, but even such action depends, it is said, on the attitude adopted by the creditors, some of whom are declared to be unfriendly to the corporation.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 12, 1921]

MANY CLAIMS FILED AGAINST GAUGE VALVE
In the neighborhood of $18,000 worth of claims have been filed against the Gauge Valve Corporation according to a statement made Tuesday by Receiver William Biddinger, who is rapidly disposing of the property of the corporation with the view to making a settlement in the near future. There are two items, recently recorded amounting to more than $10,000 and in the meantime 23 other claims ranging from $2.52 to more than $2,000 have been filed.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 13, 1923]

INVENTOR OF A GAS CAR INSPECTS FACTORY SITE
Hopes that the Gauge Valve factory building in East Rochester might be taken over by a going firm were raised in the city Friday by the visit of Raymond S. Zeitler, chief engineer of the Zeitler Gas Car and Locomotive Co., of Chicago, who looked over the property and the city in behalf of his company. The organization will manufacture a gasoline motor truck for railway car bodies and is looking for a location near Chicago.
Mr. Zeitler, who is the inventor, holds patents on the motor and its special adaption to car bodies, stated that the company is all organized and that just as soon as a suitable location is found that production will start. The patented part of his device is that his engine is built right onto the trucks of any railway car and drives on all four wheels. The company would equip cars which are now in use on steam trains with engines. They would take up none of the floor space of the car as do engines on cars built especially for the purpose. The engine and rebuilt trucks also provides for the difference in traction on curves. The car can also be run either way at high speeds.
The inventor expressed himself as delighted with the factory building and the town and that he will so report to his organization when he returns to Chicago. He was accompanied about the city by William Biddinger, receiver for the Gauge Valve Co.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 23, 1923]

GAUGE VALVE DEBTS TO BE PARTIALLY PAID
Preferred creditors of the defunct Gauge Valve company will be paid 18 cents on the dollar, and general creditors three cents, the final report filed Monday in the Fulton circuit court by William Biddinger discloses. Judge Carr approved the report, and Monday afternoon the receiver mailed checks to the different ccreditors.
The Gauge Valve Company was organized six years ago by Albert Serzwicz of Chicago. The organizer claimed to have a patented valve for inner tubes which would at all times show the motorist the amount of pressure carried.
The Gauge Valve Company purchased under an optional agreement the old shoe factory building in East Rochester from Morris Weil, the company, which forced the concern into the hands of a receiver.
The claims against the company totaled $25,000, the major shares being liens of various kinds. A number of Rochester and Cass county people who had purdchaed stock in the concern lost considerably when the company failed.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, February 8, 1926]

GAULT DITCH [Fulton County]
DREDGES AT WORK
The construction of the Gault ditch, familiarly known as Four County Ditch, has actually begun and now two large dredges are working in Wayne township widening and deepening Grass Creek.
When completed the ditch will be the largest in northern Indiana, and most costly as well as the most valuable.
The soutce of Grass Creek is near Metea, Cass county, and from there it flows northwest entering Fulton county about a mile west of Fletcher's lake, and flows northwest crossing the Vandalia railroad about one mile south of Grass Creek, and then almost due west into Pulaski county. In Pulaski its course is southwest and touches White county in several places before it empties into the Tippecanoe river south of Pulaskiville. The ditch when completed will be twenty-eight miles long, and 18 feet wide at the narrowest point and 75 feet at its widest.
It will be necessary to remove more than 1,000,000 cubic yards of dirt, which will come at a cost of 7-1/2 cents per cubic yard. The entire contract is to cost in the neighborhood of $93,000. It will take over a year to complete the work and when done it will have drained about 560 square miles of land or 356,400 acres. This land will be more than doubled in value by reason of the big ditch, for at present it is practically nothing but swamp land. When drained, it will prove one of the finest farming communities in Indiana.
The work was contracted by Hillis & Smith, of Logansport, who now have two large dredges at work, one, the larger of the two, in Pulaski county. This dredge is stationed on a boat 80 feet long, 24 feet wide and 5 feet deep. It required 27,000 feet of lumber to construct the boat. When in operation the huge dipper or shovel attached to the dredge will take out two cubic yards of dirt at one dip, and makes two dips every minute. In 8 hours it will excavate 960 cubic yards of dirt.
The smaller dredge will operate from Metea to the point where the larger one began, a distance of 16 miles. It is stationed on a boat 65 feet long, 18 feet wide and 5 feet deep. It required 16,000 feet of lumber to construct the boat. The dipper on this dredge will excavate one cubic yard of dirt at each dip.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 13, 1904]

GAUMER, HELEN [Rochester, Indiana]
See Manitou Beauty Shop

GEARHART SUPERMARKET [Fulton, Indiana]
Located W side of street [SR-25] in Fulton.
Larry, son of Frank and Edna McPeak Gearhart, married Donna Becker. They live in Fulton, Ind., where they owned and operated the Gearhart Supermarket.
[Dr. Joseph Sippy Family, Velma Bright, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GEARHART'S SUPERMARKET [Akron, Indiana]
Located N side of E Rochester Street, one-half block E of Mishawaka Street.
Harold, son of Frank and Edna McPeak Gearhart, owned and operated Gearhart's supermarket in Akron until Feb. 1976. The building was the Kroger Store until 1962. A licensed real estate broker, he also owns the Akron Realty. The office is located across the street from the supermarket in the parking lot. When the land was purchased in July 1966 for the office and parking lot, it was not realized that 130 years earlier the land had been patented to Joseph Sippy, Harold's great-great-great-uncle. Harold is a great-great-grandson of Stephen Sippy.
The store is now the Akron Supermarket.
[Dr. Joseph Sippy Family, Velma Bright, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GEIER, ESTIL [Rochester, Indiana]
START CONSTRUCTION OF FREIGHT TERMINAL
Workmen for Fred Newby, local contractor, have started erection of the new freight terminal being built by Estil Geier at Third and Clay streets, which is expected to be completed early in October.
The terminal, which will serve several connecting nationwide trucking lines as a local delivery dock, will be of tile and concrete construction with a floor space of 1,456 square feet and will be fireproof.
Site of the terminal includes sufficient space for large trucks to move to and from the dock with minimum effort.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 21, 1945]

GEIER, GEORGE E. [Wayne Township]
BIOGRAPHY
George E. Geier, ex-trustee of Wayne township, was born at Logansport, Ind., March 4, 1849. He is a son of George and Mary (Rouff) Geier. The father was born in Wickersham, Alsace, Germany, July 26, 1815, and died in Fulton county Nov. 27, 1892. He was a son of Andrew Geier, who lived and died in Germany. George Geier came to America in 1839. He married in 1848, in New York state, and in the same year settled at Logansport, Ind. His wife is Mary Rouff, who was born in Germany July 5, 1822. The subject of this biographical sketch was reared to farming. He left the parental home at the age of eighteen years. For four years he followed teaming in Logansport. Dec. 28, 1871, he married and settled down in Carroll county, where he farmed for three years. He then moved to Wayne township, Fulton county, where he has since resided. Mr. Geier wedded Rebecca J., a daughter of John and Mary J. (Halstead) Hendrickson. Her father was a son of Jacob Hendrickson, whose personal sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. Mrs. Geier was born in Wayne township Dec. 24, 1855. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Geier has been blessed by the birth of ten children. In politics Mr. Geier has always been a staunch democrat. In 1890 he was elected trustee for Wayne township and for five years thereafter he held the office.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 71-72]

GEIER CROSSING [Wayne Township]
Located one mile south of Grass Creek on the railroad at 850S.

GELBACH, [JOHN] PHILIP [Kewanna, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Philip Gelbach, farmer, P.O. Kewanna, son of George and Christina (Snyder) Gelbach, who were nastives of Prussia. The subject of this sketch was also born in Prussia October 28, 1817, and was educated in the reform schools of his native country. He came with his parents to the United States in 1833, and settled in Perry County, Penn. In 1866, Mr. G. removed to Crawford County, Ohio, where he continued to reside until 1872, when he became a resident of Fulton County, and settled in Section 29, where he now resides. He owns 329 acres of land in the county, and is extensively engaged in farming and stock-raising. The event of his marriage took place June 30, 1839, to Catharine Kime, who was born in Union County, Penn., October 2, 1818. Daughter of William and Elizabeth (Steph) Kime, who were natives of Pennsylvania. There have been born to this union ten children, six of whom are living, viz.: George W., June 7, 1840; Philip, October 28, 1844; Levi, December 26, 1846; Andrew J., June 14, 1851; Israel, January 2, 1857; and Catharine, July 18, 1859. Mr. Gelbach spent twenty-seven years of his early life working at the carpenter's trade. During his residence in Perry County, Penn., he served as Treasurer of the county for three years, besides holding various other positions of honor and trust. He and his worth lady are members of the German Reform Church and are highly respected by all who know them.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 29]

GENRICK FOUNDRY [Akron, Indiana]
The fire [at D. A. Pike sawmill] was first noticed about 12:20 Saturday morning by George Harper, who is employed as night watchman for the Genrick foundry which is located about 30 rods south of the saw mill on the south side of the Erie tracks. . . . .
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, August 31, 1929]

GEPHART, A. F. [Macy, Allen Township, Miami County]
See: Foster, Ann W.
__________

BIOGRAPHY
A. F. Gephart, a promising young man of Macy, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1857. He was the only child born to Abraham F. and Ann W. (Hays) Gephart, the former a native of Virginia, of German descent, and the latter a native of Pickaway County, Ohio. When our subject was six years old his mother came to this county and located in Allen Township, and in 1873 he accompanied her and his step-father to Moultrie County, Ill. There he acted in the capacity of a clerk and was otherwise variously employed until the spring of 1886, at which time he and his widowed mother returned to this county and took up their residence in Macy. On the first day of March, 1886, he became the partner of his half-brother, L. J. Hurst, in the lumber business at Macy. He is, also, an equal partner of the latter in the agencies of the railroad and express companies at that place. Politically, he is a Prohibitionist. He is a young man of good habits and irreproachable character, and is well worthy the confidence of the public.
[History of Miami County, Indiana, 1887, Brant & Fuller. p. 519]

GERMAINE, PROF. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Bands
GERMAN BAND [Fulton, Indiana]
Fritz Beilser played a coronet. He was a brother of John (Bigfoot) Beilser, who played a big old bass horn. Amos Stingley and Arthur Fry were also in it.

GERMANN CORNET BAND [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL NEWS
The following officers were elected for German's band, yesterday evening. Prof Germann, president and manager; D. M. Swinehart, assistant manager; L. B. Walters, vice president; L. H. Bibler, secretary; Ray Shore, treasurer.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, June 11, 1901]

LOCAL NEWS
The members of the Germann Cornet Band met and reorganized last night and the following officers were elected: D. M. Swinehart, director and president; Luther H. Bibler, manager; Ormond E. Swinehart, secretary; and Wm. M. Hoffman, treasurer. Hugh Tipton was voted in as a new member. The members of the Band, after due consideration, and for various reasons, found that it would be better for the welfare of the band if the services of Mr. Germann were dispensed with and therefore elected D. M. Swinehart director. Mr. Swinehart intends playing solo cornet, having played a cornet for fifteen years.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 6, 1901]

GERMANY, INDIANA [Rochester Townsh]
Also known as Germany Station.
Located in Sections 28 and 29, on 400W at approximately 275N at the Erie R.R.
The town was originally called Germany, but during World War 1, it was renamed Pershing. Loyal is another name for the same place.
A postoffice was established in 1866 with Robert H. Chandler as postmaster. Jonathan C. Nafe was at one time postmaster.
It had a general store, Noftsger's elevator, depot, blacksmith shop and telephone exchange.
There were two schools nearby: South Mud Creek and North Mud Creek. There were two churches in the neighborhood also, South Bermany Church and North Germany Church.
Business gradually withdrew from the village and the Burton store, at NW corner 200N and 400W, closed around 1950.
___________

GERMANY
Thomas Spurlock is the new merchant here.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 23, 1905]

AKRON
Akron News.
Clarence Hoffman has been made permanent station agent and telegrapher at Germany, the first town west of Rochester. Clarence is a sober, industrious and reliable young man, one who his employers will always appreciate.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 2, 1907]

WILL DELIVER MAIL BY AUTO
Germany, Indiana, April 15 -- Mail Carrier Levi Dulmatch expects to have his new automobile soon and can deliver and take up the mail in half the time now used. Patrons are glad Mr. Dulmatch made the purchase as it will be a great protection in inclement weather.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 15, 1913]

TOWN OF GERMANY IS NOW LOYAL, IND.
Germany, Ind., is no longer Germany. It is Loyal, according to word reaching the SENTINEL, Monday morning. The name was recently removed from the school house and the action in changing the name of the village was taken after considerable agitation among the residents of the surrounding community.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 26, 1918]

GERMANY ELEVATOR [Rochester Township]
A BIG THRESHING
Probably the biggest threshing ever done in a single day in Fulton county, occurred Friday at the Dr. Campbell farm west of Rochester, now owned by Charles P. McConn of Wabash. Two threshing outfits were used and seventy-five men were employed in caring for the grain. Around 7,000 bushels of grain were threshed during the day, and between four and five thousand bushels of oats and wheat were taken to the Germany elevator, taking up the entire capacity and establishing a new record for grain receipts at that place.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 14, 1910]

GERMANY POST OFFICE [Rochester Township]
Located 60 feet N of Chicago & Atlantic Railrod, 400W and approximately 275N.
Application for post office filed June 9, 1886 by Robert H. Chandler.
[F.C.H.S. Files]

GERMANY POSTMASTERS [Rochester Township]
Robert H. Chandler, Aug 17, 1886. James C. Nafe, Apr 16, 1883.
Harrison H. Wynn, Sept 9, 1889. James W. Daugherty, June 29, 1892. Israel Leedy, Apr 7, 1893.
Zina C. Bunnell, March 5, 1895. Arthur E. Miller, Feb 8, 1902.
Mail to Rochester Sep 11, 1905, effective Oct 31, 1905.
[F.C.H.S. Files]

GERMANY SCHOOL [Rochester Township]
See: Schools - Germany School

GERMANY TELEPHONE EXCHANGE [Germany, Indiana]
GERMANY
A telephone system has been organized.

[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 14, 1906]

GERMANY

Preparations are being made to start the telephone work. We are grateful to the principal telephone people of Rochester that are interested, and that our efforts are co-ordinated with them.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, Marcy 7, 1906]

GERMANY
The Germany Telephone Co. have bought a lot and have a large force of men erecting a house thereon to be used for the Central office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 2, 1909]

GIANT PLANING MILL [Rochester, Indiana]
Located on E 8th street [321 E 8th], later the site of Hendrickson & Herbster Lumber Co. The same location was later to be that of Fulton County Lumber Company, owned by P. W. Terpstra.
Originally called Bailey's Planing Mill.
Built in 1872 by Sam Barkdoll and Kendall.
In 1872 Stilla Powell Bailey purchased the Giant Planing Mill, the same year he bought the Eureka Planing Mill.
See Eureka Planing Mill.

GIBBONS, SUSIE [Rochester, Indiana]
PEOPLES CAFE IS SOLD BY FRANCIS CARLTON
Estil "Count" Carter and Miss Susie Gibbons today urchased the People's Cafe 15 707 Main street of Francis Carlton. The purchasers have taken possession.
Mr. Carter and Miss Gibbons are experienced cafe operators. Both have been employed in restaurants in this city for a number of years.
The purchasers plan some improvements to the cafe within the near future.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, May 13, 1935]

GIBBONS, W. S. [Rochester, Indiana]
W. S. GIBBONS (Biography)
W. S. GIBBONS should receive ready recognition at the hands of our readers. He has resided here all his life, attending the common schools of the county and rounding out his education by a three years course in the schools at Logansport. Taking a deep interest in his profession of teaching he keeps abreast of the times in all educational matters. Mr. Gibbons studied law with Essick & Montgomery and was admitted to the Fulton county Bar in 1892 and is an orator of no mean ability, but prefers his profession of teacher. He holds a three years teacher's license and is generally recognized as one of Fulton county's brightest young men.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

[Adv] Old Line Insurance. Cheaper than Fraternal! If interested see us before Saturday night, Aug. 6th. All figures guaranteed in policy. HEILBRUN & GIBBONS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 3, 1904]

[Adv] Old Line Insurance. Cheaper than Fraternal. If interested see us before Saturday night, Aug. 6th. All figures guaranteed in policy. W. S. GIBBONS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 4, 1904]

GIBSON & CO., J. E. [Logansport, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
J. E. Gibson & Co., Logansport, Ind. - The members of this firm are J. E. Redmond and J. E. Gibson, leading contractors of the West, who are now, March, 1896, finishing their contract upon the new court house for Fulton county. Mr. Redmond was born in the city of Baltimore, Md., Dec. 28, 1840, and came to Indiana in 1853. With but a brief intermission he has been in the building business since 1868. Mr. Redmond is one of the prominent Masons of Indiana. In Thomas H. Lynch commandery, No. 14, at Columbus, he was, in 1871, created a Knight Templar and is now a member of St. John commandery, No. 24, at Logansport. Mr. Gibson is native of Frankfort, Ky., born April 8, 1859, and has been in the contracting business since 1880. He removed to Logansport in 1884. He was made a Knight Templar in Anderson commandery, No. 32, and is now a member of St. John commandery, No. 24, at Logansport.
Among the many buildings erected by these gentlemen, either jointly or individually, may be mentioned the following: The school house and jail at Franklin, Ind., the court house at Columbus, the court house at Nashville, the court house at Crawfordsville, the court house at Washington, the court house at Clarksville, Tenn.; the addition to the Southern Indiana prison at Jeffersonville; the jail at Kokomo; the bridge over White river at Anderson; the Northern hospital for the insane at Logansport; the library building for the State university at Bloomington; the Southern hospital for the insane at Evansville; Senator Maxey's office building in Texas, and J. J. Dooley's Arcade building at Salt Lake City. Upon the completion of the Pulaski county court house, the following unsolicited letter was given this firm:
Winamac, Ind., Sept. 7, 1895
To whom it may concern:
The new court house here was accepted and settled for by the commissioners today. Mr. Gibson, of the firm of J. E. Gibson & Co., has honestly and faithfully fulfilled the contract and the people here are more than pleased with the manner in which the work has been done and the building as completed. I can cheerfully and honestly recommend this firm as competent and honest contractors to persons or counties having work to be erected.
Respectfully
George Burson,
Judge Forty-fourth Circuit.
These gentlemen are practical builders and experts in all of its branches and sanitary engineering and are successful managers of employees, a commendable characteristic being their sturdy opposition to insobriety upon the part of any man who works for them.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 72-73]

GIBSON'S FENCE [Fulton County]
We, the undersigned, having purchased farm and lot rights for using Gibson's Improvement in Fencing . . . Rochester Tp Club: A. J. Holmes, P. Webber, H. Lucas, D. Krathwohld, Thos. Shelton, A. H. Merrick, W. H. Mann, L. & W. True, (-----) Smith, Hugh Miller, Simeon Webber, J. A. Bramen, N. Adams, C. M. Reid, T. Montgomery, G. Moore, J. Calloway, J. McCarter . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, October 29, 1863]

GIFFIN, CARRIE [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Carrie Giffin, teacher, Rochester, daugher of Jacob and Sarah J. Giffin. Father was of German origin, born in Virginia, March 9, 1818. Her mother was of Scotch extraction, born in Ross County, Ohio, June 1, 1827. They were married in Ross County, Ohio, about 1840, and emigrated to Kosciusko County about 1843; settled near Sevastopol, and in the spring of 1873 came and settled in Rochester, where the father died, December 18, 1873, and her mother, March 2, 1879. Her father was a soldier in the late war, was in Company K, Seventy-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Becoming disabled by disease, he was discharged after about six months' service. He had two sons in the service, one of them, Azariah W, being in the same company, who is now in Nebraska. The other, Martin E., started for Utah, but has not since been heard from. Carrie is one of a family of six children--Martin E., Azariah W., John M., James B., Margarette and Carrie. Margarette died December 13, 1878, and John M. in 1865. Since the death of her parents, she has been living with Mrs. Martha A. McQuern, except when attending and teaching school. She has taught three terms and is a very successful teacher.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 29]

GILBERT DRUG STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Dawson, George V.
__________

First located in corner room, Fieser Building, NW corner 7th & Main, later moved to S side of street 117 E 9th, a small frame building E side of alley.
__________

PENSLAR DRUG STORE SOLD
Mr. Everett Gilbert, a graduate pharmacist of the Des Moines University has purchased the Penslar Drug Store of L. B. Farrar. Mr. Gilbert comes from Marshfield, Missouri, where he spent several years as clerk in a drug store prior to studying pharmacy at Des Moines. He will move his family here as soon as suitable location can be found and expects to remain here permanently. Mr. Farrar has not made known his plans for the future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 21, 1923]

[Adv] Suggesting Valentine Gifts - - - - GILBERT DRUG STORE, Seventh and Main Streets.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 8, 1924]

GILEAD, INDIANA [Miami County]
AKRON
Akron News.
The Hardware firm of McKee & Baker at Gilead has been dissolved, McKee buying out his partner and taking over the whole business. This firm has done an active business and it looks like Court wanted more work or all the profit or both.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 25, 1905]

AKRON
Akron, News
Dr. Brower, of Gilead, was in this office Wednesday. He asked us to say that Gilead is badly in need of a barber, a single man is preferable at this time because a married man could get no house in which to store a family. Here is an excellent opportunity for a young man to start in business, besides there is a plenty of good young society, especially young ladies.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 17, 1906]

MENTONE
Mentone Gazette.
Rollo Fasig went to Gilead this week where he is establishing a barber shop.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 6, 1907]

MACY
Macy Monitor.
Tuesday Levi McMillen, with the assistance of several of his old neighbors from the vicinity of Birmingham, moved his restaurant and meat market to Gilead. Mr. McMillen found that competition in the meat business was entirely too sharp in Macy and so decided to move where a place of his kind was really needed. We hope that he will meet with success in this new field.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 4, 1908]

SHORT NEWS
Gilead is much elated over the receipt of a high school commission. There are forty-eight students enrolled at present, and the term will last until May 1.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 1, 1914]

AKRON HIGH SCHOOL MAY GET FEW GILEAD PUPILS
The town of Gilead will be without a Senior high school the coming year but there is a probability that a Junior high school will be conducted which will be recognized by the state board of education.
Newton Gilliland, township trustee, is as yet undecided as to the Junior high. All the senior high school pupils of Perry township, Miami county, will be transferred to other high schools in adjoining townships and adjoining counties. Many will be sent to Akron high school
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, July 23, 1925]

TAKES STORE TO GILEAD
J. W. Hanger is removing his stock of hardware and other merchandise from Akron to his Gilead store.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, October 19, 1925]

PART GILEAD RURAL HIGH SCHOOL CLOSED BY FIGHT
The Gilead school muddle is still hanging fire and the ones who are most affected are the boys and girls of Perry township, Miami County, who are eligible to take up third and fourth year work in high school. The township school at Gilead has been in session for a week and the junior and senior boys and girls are home awaiting for word that will either put them in school at Gilead or somewhere else.
The township trustee, Newton A. Gililand and the members of the township advisory board have been at loggerheads the past three or four years, as a result of which several law suits are now pending in the circuit court.
Soon after Gilliland became trustee, almost four years ago, the state fire marshal came along and condemned the school building and then came the state board of health and placed a ban on the building. The trustee wanted the advisory board to appropriate something like $40,000 to be used in the construction of a new building. The advisory board refused to make the appropriation and the trustee brought an action in the Miami circuit court to have the advisory board mandated to make the appropriation. A change of venue was taken to Wabash where a trial was held several months ago and decided in favor of the trustee, he states, but it seems he has been unable to get the desired appropriation. The advisory board did recently meet and make an appropriation of $750 to be used in purchasing equipment for high school work.
The advisory board claims to have a written statement from the powers that be at Indianapolis that all the trustee will have to do in order to get an accredited four year high school at Gilead will be to make application to the proper authorities. The trustee's claim, however, is that he has made several trips to Indianapolis and has been unable to get a commission for a four year high school. First and second year high school work is now being done in the school. With both sides standing pat it is difficult to foresee just when the third and fourth year high school pupils of Perry township are going to get into school. Last year these boys and girls were transferred to the high schools at Chili, Deedsville, Macy and Akron.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 13, 1926]

GILEAD SCHOOL TO BE ENLARGED THIS YEAR
Leroy Wildman trustee in charge of the school building at Gilead is advertising for bids for the construction of a new addition to the Gilead school house, the bids to be received March 10. The present school building is composed an what is known as the new part in front and the old part in the rear. The old part of the building is to be torn down to make way for the new addition on which construction work will be started as soon as the weather will permit in the spring. It is intended to have the building completed on or before September 1. The estimated cost of the new addition with a gymnasium in connection is $35,000, which is the amount of funds available.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, February 16, 1928]

AKRON MEN TO CONSTRUCT GILEAD SCHOOL BUILDING
The general contract for the construction of the new school building at Gilead was awarded Monday afternoon to Milo Cutshall of Akron Ind., on his bid of $23,138.00, at a meeting of Leroy Wildman township trustee and his advisory board held in the office of Attorney Russell Wildman at Peru. The advisory members are, Noah Barnhisel, Wm. H. Keim and Harry Harriman.
The school officials discussed the bids on the plumbing, heating and ventilating, but no definite action was taken on this part of the work. It was stated, however, that this bid would probably be awarded before the end of the week. The low bidder on the plumbing, heating and ventilating is Karl B. Gast, of Akron, his bid being $12,185.
It was announced that work on the structure would be started April 23 and that the building will be completed in time for the fall school term. The building will be of brick and will be two stories in height with four class rooms on the first floor and four recitation rooms and the assembly room on the second floor. The domestic science and manual training department will be housed in the basement.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, March 14, 1928]

BUYS PARTNER'S INTEREST
Edgar Grau, formerly of Akron, has purchased the interest owned by Ross Smith of Gilead in the Grau and Smith general store at that place. The interest formerly owned by Mr. King of Gilead was purchased by Mr. Grau in January.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, April 14, 1928]

NEW GYMNASIUM AT GILEAD
Construction of a $25,000 addition to the Gilead high school building has been approved by the Indiana State Tax Board which has permitted the township to issue bonds to cover the cost of the improvement. The addition, a one-story strocture, will comprise two class rooms and a modern gymnasium and will be 71 by 110 feet. Bids for the construction of the building will be opened on June 25.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, June 14, 1940]

GENERAL STORE IS GILEAD HUB
BY ANN ALLEN
Sentinel Correspond
Back when passengers could ride a mile on the Interurban for a nickel, the General Store doubled as the depot. "We'd wave at the conductor and he'd toot. That meant he'd seen us and would stop," recalled Akron's Grace Waechter, who grew up in the Gilead-Deedsville area and remembers riding horseback to get to the Interurban.
There were good. years, and good memories of Gilead School teachers and students crossing State Road 19 to buy a sandwich, a bowl of soup or a few rolls at the store. "There was no hot lunch program," said Waechter, who began her teaching career in Gilead in 1929. "The store was the only place in town to eat."
"Or to get penny candy and bubble gum," added her sister, Evelyn Schipper.
Eventually, the Winona went out of existence, the school closed, other stores went out of business, and, after a series. of owners, including Elmo Brown, Honey Wade, Charley Madeford, a Mr. Igo, Roberta Cole and others, so did the Gilead General Store,
The little building on the west side of State Road 19 sat empty from 1985 until'1990, when Jim Sopher and Casey Biddle purchased it and began a restoration and cleaning project that took five years to complete.
Reopened last Oct. 9, the store is general in every sense of the word - groceries, hardware, gift items, including cookie jars collectors should fight for - and a little of this and a lot of that, including the Gilead Gazette. There's no lunch counter, but there's something almost as good - a booth where customers can enjoy a cup of coffee and watch traffic.
From 6:30 a.m. until 7:30 evezy day exccpt Sunday, when hours are from 8 a.m. until 6 p.m., a bell on the door announces customers. "It seems like the bell is always ringing," Biddle said. "We like that."
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 27, 1997

GILGER, CECIL E. [Rochester, Indiana]
Cecil E. Gilger, of Kewanna, a recent graduate of the Indiana Dental School at Indianapolis, will locate a dental parlor here in the near future in the office formerly occupied by the late Henry Bibler. The room is now being remodeled and made ready for the opening of the new office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, July 6, 1921]

GILKINSON, D. C. [Rochester, Indiana]
EAT AND BE MERRY
At my bakery and restaurant is the place to get the best things of life to eat. Everything is gotten up in the best of style, and day or week boarders will have the best of accommodations at the very lowest rates. Fresh bread, pies and cakes always on hand to supply the trade. Find my place of business one door south of the Baptist church. D. C. GILKINSON.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 22, 1884]

GILKINSON, JOHN, MRS. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Hotels - Arlington

GILL & KENNEDY [Rochester, Indiana]
Messrs. Gill and Kennedy, of Huntington, are fitting up the Fieser building, lately vacated by Jos. Lauer, for an up-to-date shooting gallery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 20, 1900]

GILLE, G. K. F. [Rochester, Indiana]
CUSTOM TAILORING! The undersigned does all kinds of Ladies', Boys' and Men's Tailoring at his rooms over Holeman's bank, at reasonable prices. Ladies' Walking Jackets and Wraps a Specialty. G. K. F. GILLE.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 12, 1890]

GILLESPIE MEAT MARKET [Kewanna, Indiana]
BOUGHT MEAT MARKET
Wednesday Bert Gillespie purchased the James T. Burns Meat Market and Grocery and was given immediate possession. Bert has had experience in the meat business before and needs no introduction the the public of Kewanna. Mr. Burns will devote his time in the future in the Harding general store which he recently purchased. We bespeak for both Mr. Gillespie and Mr. Burns, success in their new ventures. -- Kewanna Herald.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, July 10, 1926]
GILLILAND, GEIGER [Rochester, Indiana]
MOVES GARAGE
Geiger Gilliland has leased the room at the rear of the Brackett building at the corner of Main and Fifth street for his garage during the time his new garage on East Fourth street is under construction.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 18, 1930]

GILLILAND, IDA [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] NOTICE. I have rented floor space with The Fe-Rose-Ta Beauty Shoppe, and am prepared to serve you in all lines of Beauty Culture. I am a graduate of Warner Beauty College, of Fort Wayne, Indiana, and have had six months experience in an Ohio Beauty Shoppe. - - - IDA GILLILAND.
[The News-Sentine, Thursday, May 1, 1930]

GILLILAND, JIM [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Jim Gilliland)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Jim Gilliland)

GILLILAND, R. K. [Rochester, Indiana]
Cigar manufacturer.
Located 130 E 8th [?]
__________

[Adv] One of our La Planta Cigar friends says they make him feel like shaking hands with his worst enemy -- even were it his mother-in-law. Made by R. K. GILLILAND. The best billiard and pool room, Rochester, 709 Main Street.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 23, 1910]

[Adv] Smoke Up! Here's a worthwhile gift to Yourself or a Fellow Smoker - - - "Miss Rochester" - - 10 cent Cigars at 5 cents Each - $2.50 the Box - - - While my stock of 5,000 Lasts. Gilliland's Cigar Store.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, December 23, 1921]

GILLILAND BILLIARD ROOM MOVED TO NEW LOCATION
The Gilliland Billiard Parlor and cigar store which has been operated at 709 Main street for the past 28 years, was today moved by the owner, Reuben Gilliland, to the room at 502 North Main street in the Academy of Music building. The Gilliland Billiard Parlor, which has had a reputation as one of the finest establishments of its kind in Northern Indiana, is now even better than it ever was before. Mr. Gilliland in addition to operating the billiard parlor and card room has added a complete lunch service which he will operate in connection with his soft drink business. Mr. Gilliland will have his new recreation center open for business Saturday.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, February 1, 1929]

Reuben K. GILLILAND, aged 62, better known to his friends in this city and Fulton county as "Reub" and for thirty years the owner of a cigar store and billiard parlor in this city, died this morning at 8:10 o'clock in his apartment at 430-1/2 North Main Street after a 10 weeks illness caused by dropsy and heart trouble. The deceased had been bedfast but 10 days. He was unconscious during his last 24 hours.
The deceased was born on a farm near Larwell on Oct. 9, 1868 and came to this city when he was 14 years of age with his parents, John and Mary GILLILAND. He finished the common schools in this city and after his sophomore year in high school started to learn the cigar makers trade under the late George VanSKYKE.
Thirty-eight years ago Mr. Gilliland with William DEWITT, now of Ardmore, Okla., and Fred MILLER operated a cigar factory on the south side of the public square where they manufactured the "Town Clock" cigar. In a few years this became one of the leading cigars in this section of the state. Later Mr. Gilliland and his associates added other cigars to their line such as the "LaPlanta," "Koh-I-Nor," "Gilliland's Little Rose" and "Gilliland's Hand Made."
The business of Mr. Gilliland and his associates grew to such proportions they they deemed it best to open a retail cigar store and billiard parlor in this city, accordingly they leased the room in the Brackett building at 709 Main street thirty years ago, where they opened a store and also moved their cigar factory to the flat nearby. In later years Mr.Gilliland bought out the interests of his associates. In recent years his business slipped away and a year ago he moved from the room in the Brackett building to one at 502 North Main street where he again opened a cigar store and billiard parlor.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, April 3, 1930]

POOLROOM IS SOLD
Ed Wilburn has purchased the fixtures of the Gilliland poolroom at 502 Main street of the heirs of the late Reuben Gilliland. He will reopen the establishment after he has redecorated it.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, July 12, 1930]

GILLILAND, WILLIAM E. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter from William E. Gilliland)

GILLILAND, HOOVER & DEWITT [Rochester, Indiana]
DISSOLUTION NOTICE
Notice is hereby given that the firm of cigar manufacturers known as the ROCHESTER CIGAR COMPANY is dissolved by mutual consent, Mr. Hoover retiring. REUB GILLILAND, CAL HOOVER, WILL DEWITT, April 18, 1899.
[Rochester Sentinel Thursday, April 20, 1899]

GILLILAND BILLIARD PARLOR [Rochester, Indiana]
See R. K. Gilliland
See Ed Wilburn

GILLILAND'S GARAGE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Louderback Garage
__________

[Adv] Complete Automobile Service. Prompt Repair Work on All Makes of Cars. - - - Tow Car Service Phone 478 open day and night. GILLILAND'S GARAGE, East Fourth St., "Gig" Gilliland, prop.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 6, 1931]

GILMORE GROCERY [Fulton, Indiana]
Located where Wilson Drug Store was later.
Fulton branch of Fulton County Library was first located above the Gilmore Grocery.
GINTHER, ALBERT J. [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Albert J. Ginther was born in Aubbeenaubbee township on October 4, 1859. He was a pupil in those first country schools which had split logs for seats. He came to his present farm in October, 1893, and has resided here ever since. He has one hundred and fifty-two acres on which he has put the latest improvements and does general farming. He married on November 14, 1883, Miss Emma L. King and by her had five children, as follows: Ora A., Francis Jay, Omer Dean, Byron, deceased, age three months, and Nellie Lucile. Mr. Ginther was township trustee from 1895 to 1900. During that time he built the high school at Leiters Ford. In 1922 he was elected county commissioner. He is the son of Henry Ginther, a record of whom appears on another page of this volume. His wife, Emma (King) Ginther is a daughter of Moses King who was born April 11, 1837, in Circleville, Ohio, the son of Thomas and Martha (Mulholland) King both of Scotch Hill, Ireland. Soon after their marriage they emigrated to America and made their home first in Ohio and came later to this county where they died about forty-eight years ago. Their children were: Elizabeth, Letitia, Martha, Andrew, Thomas, Moses, Lydia and Robert. Moses King married Adaline Shoup who lived in Circleville, Ohio, a daughter of John and Nancy (Smur) Shoup, she of Virginia and he of Philadelphia. They came West about 1841 and settled in Union township on what is now the Jesse Wentzel farm on the banks of Bruce Lake. This tract of land they cleared and improved and lived on for a long lifetime. He was a county official and a fine penman, making his own pens from goose quills. His children were: Elizabeth, Jacob, John, Mary, Martha, Wanda, Adaline, William, Ruth, Emily, Francis M. and Alice. Moses King, the father of Mrs. Ginther, was educated in the old log school house at Leiters Ford and became a farmer of Aubbeenaubbee township and was killed when he was only thirty-six by damp in the well while he was helping to repair the pump. His children were: Emma, Nelson, Frances M., Edith, Della. Mrs. Ginther's mother died about twelve years ago.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 199-200, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GINTHER, HENRY [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Henry Ginther. - The subject of this sketch was born in Bavaria, Germany, June 9, 1815. He came to America with his parents at an early age. His parents, Valentine and Elizabeth Ginther, were natives of the same place as the subject of this sketch. He deceased April, 1827, at the age of sixty-five years, and she in 1820. The family consisted of four sons, of whom Henry was the third. He was married October 4, 1847, to Mary Shadle. She is a native of Pennsylvania and was born July 4, 1820. Her parents, Jacob and Catharine Shadle, were both natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Ginther have had eight children--Isabelle, born June 4, 1848; John, born Februry 8, 1851; Malinda, born June 4, 1853; Henry, Jr., born March 29, 1855, and deceased August, 1856; Abraham, born February 19, 1857; Albert J., born October 4, 1859; David D., born August 7, 1861; George B., born December 21, 1863. Mr. Ginther came to America from his native country and settled in Seneca County, N.Y., September 28, 1839. He farmed for two years, then moved to Huron County, Ohio, where he resided for three years; then went back to Seneca County, N.Y., and remained two years, and finally came to Fulton County, Ind., in 1845. Here he purchased 146 acres of land, all a wilderness. In the autumn of that year, he made a trip to New Orleans and remained there until June, 1846. He then returned to this county and immediately commenced improving his land. From time to time he added more to his farm until now he has 437 acres, and his farm is well improved and in a high state of cultivation, all of which is the result of hard, diligent labor. Himself and wife are members of the Evangelical Church and are highly respected by all who know them.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 34]

GINTHER, JAY [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Good prices and liberal greade ON ALL KINDS OF FUR -- JAY GINTHER, 1307 Madison Street. Four Blocks South of Court House.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, February 5, 1924]

GISH, DOROTHY
DOROTHY GISH PASSES THROUGH HERE TO PERU
According to the Indiana Bus Station employees at Rochester and Logansport a noted passenger in the personage of Dorothy Gish, movie actresss, passed through Rochester on the early morning southbound bus enroute to Peru. A call to Logansport verified this report the informan stating Miss Gish's ticket gave her destination as Peru. It is presumed the popular movie star departed from Peru over the Wabash railroad.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Wednesday, February 29, 1928]

GLAZE & BRO. [Rochester, Indiana]
Glaze & Bro., pump mfgrs, Main street, 1 door north of H. Long's Shoe Shop. Geo. Glaze, W. Glaze.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 24, 1863]

. . . . Recommending Blaze & Bro. for pumps. See their machine for boring pump logs. It is run by "Hoss" power . . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 31, 1863]

GLENN DRUG STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
TO RESELL STORE
The Chas. T. Gribben drug store, which was sold Saturday by Trustee Frank McCarter to the Ft. Wayne Drug Co., will probably be sold by that firm to a Walkerton man, who will continue the business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 18, 1917]

NEW PHARMACIST COMING
Homer C. Black, of Albion, Ind., is expected here next week to join A. M. Caulkins, who recently purchased the Gribben drug store. Mr. Black is a registered pharmacist and will probably become a partner in the business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 1, 1917]

DRUG STORE SOLD
A. M. Caulkins has sold the drug store, which he recently purchased of Charles Gribben, to E. H. Glenn of Chicago, who took possession at once. Mr. Caulkins will return to his home at Walkerton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 7, 1918]
[Adv] Glenn's Drug Store Special Sale - - - - - Elmer H. Glenn, Druggist, Cor. Main and 7th Sts.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, April 8, 1918]

GLENN DRUG STORE SOLD
E. H. Glenn has sold his drug store on the [NW] corner of Main and Seventh Streets to Marshal Smith, of Amboy, and Hoit Summerland, of Fulton. The deal was closed last week, and the new owners took immediate possession. A farm in Michigan figured in the trade. At the present time Charles T. Gribben, a former proprietor of the store is in charge and will probably remain there as manager. Mr. Glenn and family plan to move to Chicago, their former home.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 22, 1918]

GLICK & BRO'S. BOOT & SHOE STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Glick & Bro's. are opening a new Boot and Shoe Store in the room formerly occupied by Holmes & Co.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, November 2, 1865]

GLICK HOUSE RAISERS [Rochester, Indiana]
Jack Screws. Having recently purchased a sufficient number of Jack Screws in Chicago, I am prepared to raise any building . . . R. R. Glick.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, June 29, 1865]

GLIDDEN AUTOMOBILE TOUR [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Louderback Garage
__________

The Glidden Tour went through Rochester about 1905 on its way from New York to San Francisco. The cars were mostly chain drives and open tops - Thomas Flyers and everything. I know of two cars on the tour that broke down here and wre loaded on flat cars and shipped back East.
[Hill Family, Clarence F. Hill, Fulton Co. Folks, Vol. 1, Willard]
__________

GLIDDEN AUTO TOUR
The world famous Glidden Automobile tour, which is to pass through Rochester for two days in July, will be a string of about two hundred automobiles and they will come down the Michigan Road to Rochester and thence down the Peru road. So it might be well for the driving public to arrange their affairs to keep off these roads with teams during the two days the autos will be passing over the line. There will be clubs by states and besides all leading manufacturers of autos will be in the town. It will not be one of speed so much as endurance. That is the machine that makes the route within the specified time with the best daily average over all kinds of roads and with fewest mishaps and comes through in best condition will be the winner.
The rules of the contest provide that the Glidden cup will be awarded to the club having the greatest number of points at the end of the test. This, it is pointed out, gives a big advantage to the large teams. From present indications there probably will be one club of New York, and possibly another of Chicago, with larger teams than the one to be entered by Indianapolis. New York expects to enter fifteen cars, and Chicago is making arrangements for eight or possibly ten. New York will start, if fifteen cars are entered, with an initial credit of 1,780 points. Indianapolis, with ten cars, would start with 1,270 points, and Chicago, with eight, would have 1,150 points. New York and Chicago may, if they wish, fall below fifteen and eight cars respectively, as they are not bound. Indianapolis, on the othr hand, must enter at least ten cars as that number was pledged by the Indiana Auto Club to obtain a place in the itinerary of the tour.
Indianapolis, with ten cars, will be penalized only one-tenth of a point for violations of defalcations of any kind. Chicago would lose one-eighth of a point, while New York would lose one-fifteenth. According to this line of reasoning, New York has the best chance to win the cup with Indianapolis coming second and Chicago third. The quality of the cars and the ability of the drivers will count most however.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 3, 1907]

THE ROADS ARE GOOD
In a letter to the SENTINEL, written by F. E. Spooner who recently passed through this city in the great Pierce Arrow, he has the following to say concerning the route which will be taken by the Glidden Automobile tour in July:
Every class of going is found in the route selected. On the recent trip of the Great Pierce Arrow, when it laid the path for the annual tour, the writer was greatly impressed by the diversity of roads encountered throughout the journey. Roads were found, which would under ordinary circumstances stand fifty miles an hour. On those the cars will be forced to travel not over twenty miles, and the checking of speed by the pace maker will be galling. Roads were also encountered which will stand a schedule of not over ten miles an hour, and the drivers will be galled by their inability to go faster owing to the water breaks. Roads were found going up, and roads were found going down and on these the car will have to climb and climb and then coast for miles with the plug out and power off. Mountain ranges must be climbed in Pennsylvania.
The route of the Fourth Annual Tour of the American Automobile Association is a grand one. It's not all good roads and it's not all bad, but on the whole the good roads predominate. The conditions found by the scouts in the big Pierce were such as to prove the possibilities of the trip in every sort of weather for at the time the Pathfinders went through the country it had rained for weeks and some of the roads were pronounced impassible, yet all were passed over and with no very great amount of trouble as far as traveling went, but at considerable inconvenience to the tourists themselves. The roads as a matter of fact are ideal for touring and the Ohio roads from South Amherst to the border, and the Indiana roads all the way through that state and Ohio roads again to Columbus and Canton are the best test could be found in this country.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, June 13, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Two Apperson roadsters passed through the city at noon containing some men who were at one time quite famous in the sporting world. Elmer Apperson was driving his powerful machine the "Jack Rabbit." The other auto contained "Kid" McCoy, the ex-Indiana pugilist and Eddie Ball, a one time crack bicycle rider. Both the latter are in the auto business. The men were on their way to meet the Glidden tourists at Chicago.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 11, 1907]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The Glidden tour was started Wednesday morning from Cleveland. Three hundred men and women occupied seats in the eighty-one cars, including the official car carrying Charles J. Glidden, which made the start. There are more private cars in this trip than ever before. They will reach Rochester next Tuesday afternoon where all the machines will stop for gasoline.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 12, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
A. J. Dillon was in Goshen yesterday and saw the Glidden tour go through. Only seven cars stopped there so we may expect them to go through here at a pretty fast clip.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 13, 1907]

THE GLIDDEN TOUR
In a letter to the SENTINEL, Ed Spooner tells about some of the drivers who are in the Glidden tour which will pass through here Tuesday.
Percy Pierce, winner of the Glidden trophy for two years, is not on the tour and this is the great annual events since the inception of automobiling, that Mr. Pierce has missed. No 27 is being driven by a young lad named A. Kumpf, who is said to be a wonderful driver. Reports have it that four years ago young Mr. Kumpf, who is but seventeen years of age, was an office boy with the George N. Pierce company. He is now in line for honors greater than those obtained by any other lad of his age for he is the youngest driver on the tour. Ranking with Kumpf in real interest is the only lady driver of the trip, Mrs. Jean Newton Cuneo, who took part in a tour with success to Mt Washington two years ago.
Chairman Frank B. Hower and Charles J. Glidden, donors of the trophies for the fourth annual tour of the A.A.A. are traveling along the Glidden tour route in an interesting car, a little six cylinder car of 50 horse power turned out by the George N. Pierce Co. and the first car of this model to be turned out. The chairman and his distinguished guest attract a great deal of interest along the route.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 13, 1907]

THE GLIDDEN GO
The Glidden Automobile endurance contest tour passed through Rochester today on schedule time. That is to say they went through any old time for about four hours, as the rules permit. They left South Bend, beginning at 7 o'clock and reached here about two hours later. The first car was the path maker and at every turn in the route white paper clippings were strewn from the car and the following tourists easily kept the route, although there were so many pretty women out on the lawns in town that the fellows in the cars couldn't see the paper well and many of them ran by the turns.
Begrimed with mud and dust the sixty or more huge cars and their drivers presentd a very picturesque appearance as they rolled down Main street with flags flying and the occupants waving their hands at the many spectators who, as early as 7:30 a.m. had begun to line the streets. Many people from surrounding towns and the country were here to see the autos and the town had the appearance of a gala day. Runabouts and big touring cars were mixed and kept coming at intervals. Sometimes as many as five came through in a bunch. At one place along the street a boy with a basket full of water lillies threw bunches into the machines as they passed, and altogether the autoists must have been pleased with the reception they received here.
Sparklets
The Pilot cars arrived at seven o'clock. They evidently made a mistake in the route for they turned east on 11th street instead of 14th.
Chairman Hower and Chas. J. Glidden, the donors of the two trophies, came in at 8:40 in a great Pierce Arrow and stopped at the Blue Drug store for gasoline. This was the only car that was supplied with "gas."
There were two Red Cross cars in the procession. One arrived at 9 o'clock and the other at an hour later.
A telephone message from Green Oak says that car No. 10 was ditched near that place and delayed for nearly a half hour.
Alex Ruh had the Standard Oil wagon in front of his store ready to supply the autoists, but only one lone car stopped.
A. Kunyal, a lad 17 years old, driving car No. 27 and Mrs. Jane Cuneo, driving car No. 26, attracted considerable attention. The latter drew some applause from spectators when, in a burst of speed she passed two other contestants on south Main street.
Car No. 107, a Marion, sustained a break down on south Main street near the Baptist church, and was delayed for some time.
A big "gas wagon" broke a chain on east 11th street and lost a half hours time.
A large Auto-Car smashed a rear wheel just south of town and was compelled to put in at Ross' foundry. This accident will put the car out of the running and it will be shipped from here to Philadelphia.
The last car to go through went at 12:30. It was a large White Steamer and carried the supply of tires for the other cars.
Many of the drivers went to Indianapolis by the way of Logansport instead of the marked out route.
Senator Rome Stephenson, who drove out north of the river in his Auburn car, says that the tourists were making 60 miles an hour on the stretch just beyond the bridge. The Senator held a watch on them.
A yellow dog carelessly walked in front of the big machine driven by the lady and when he came out behind howling and limping he looked like he had been run through a corn shredder.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, July 16, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
The Auto-Car machine which was in the Glidden tour and broke down south of town Tuesday, was run on board a car and shipped to Philadelphia today. The New York Auto club, of which this machine was a member, was penalized 100 points for the break down and failure to check in at Indianapolis Tuesday night.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 18, 1907]

GLIDDENITES IN FAST TIME
Mentioning the trip of the Glidden automobile tourists, which passed through this city Tuesday morning on their way to Indianapolis, the Star says: "The trip was not at any time a pleasure jaunt. The drivers were making time wherever they could and going it carefully over the bad places. In spite of this they managed to cover about 100 miles in the first five hours. From Peru here the roads were as good as could be asked. The rain, apparently, had not injured them much and every car hit up a fast pace. The result was that nine-tenths of the cars had to loaf along between Noblesville and Indianapolis, and nearly all of them arrived ahead of time.
Ten of the Glidden tourists took the wrong road out of Rochester and went over to Logansport on the Michigan pike and did not become aware of the situation until well on their way. A member of the Logan Auto Co., accompanied them to Kokomo as pilot. The distance was about ten miles greater than the direct scheduled run through Peru.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 18, 1907]

AN AUTO GRAFTER
When the Glidden automobile tourists passed through Rochester the men in one of the cars halted at the SENTINEL office and sent in the following lie, together with one five cent cigar:
Quick Action Saves Child
Mitchell Party in Glidden Contest Prevents Loss of Life by Foresight
The path of the American Automobile Association's Annual Contest for the Glidden and Hower Trophies is not a dangerous one for the adult pedestrian who is careful, but for little children who do not realize the possibilities of accidents, therefore are careless, it is different. Yesterday morning a little girl, the child of James Forbes, escaped injury thru the remarkable heroism of the members of the Mitchell party.
Shortly after leaving Argos, and while going at a lively clip along the road the seven year old child, heedless of the approaching autoists, attempted to cross over to her father's barn directly opposite. The autoists were almost upon her before they realized her intention to run in front of the car, and a collision seemed inevitable.
With a total disragard for their own safety, the driver crashed into the rail fence at the side of the road, throwing the party from their seats and badly damaging the car. The child was uninjured, and the frantic mother, overwhelmed the Mitchell party with her gratefulness.
Despite the accident, the Mitchell arrived in Rochester without scoring a demerit, which is looked upon as a further evidence of the sturdiness of the car."
Just an Advertising Lie
The article was typewritten and the names of Argos and Rochester were written in on blank spaces, clearly indicating that the copy had been prepared in advance, the purpose of being to fool as many newspapers as possible into giving a free "ad" to the Mitchell car.
The SENTINEL did not "bite," as the graft was so gauzy the greenest newspaper greenhorn in the country could readily see the fraud in the effort. Such a skin game as this ought to be widely exposed. The manufacturer who would deliberately lie to the public like this Mitchell outfit tried to do in every town they passed and graft the newspapers into giving a lot of free advertising hy deceiving them with a deliberately made up in advance lie would skin a customer alive in the sale of an automobile. The Mitchell car is not made by square men nor honest men. The man or men who would falsely impose on the newspapers and the public in so cheap a graft as this Mitchell auto outfit tried would have no hesitancy in any sort of falsehood to sell a machine. The Mitchell car ought to have been put out of the Glidden tour in disgrace.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 19, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
When the Glidden tour passed through here in July, Miss Lucy True, daughter of Nobby True, wrote her name on a piece of paper and tossed it into one of the big cars. Today she received a card from Sharon, Pa., by which she learned that she had thrown her name into a big Pope Toledo machine owned by H. Buhl, a millionare philanthropist of Sharon. The card was a picture of the Buhl club, which Mr. Buhl has given to Sharon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 15, 1907]

[text lost in computer!!! - WCT]
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 31, 1909]

GLIDER CLUB [Rochester, Indiana]
AERO CLUB TO BE FORMED HERE; WILL FLY GLIDERS
An aero club in which flights in gliders will be specialized in is being formed in Rochester and indications now point to a membership of ten or more in the new organization. Jack O'Neil, builder of gliders and airplanes, is sponsoring the movement and reports that he already has several joiners.
The club members will be taught to fly the gliders at the airport here with instruction being given free. There is a small initiation fee of course for joining the club. Women as well as men are being urged to take up this new aviation stunt as women make some of the best flyders, it is said. Age is no bar to the club Mr. O'Neil states as old as well as young manipulate the crafts everywhere.
Mr. O'Neil will start building a larger and more sturdy glider for the use of the club shortly and rush it to completion. The club will then start making flights under instruction until the members become fully qualified to make solo flights.
Several young men have already made short flights at the airport in the glider owned by Richard Hoover and considerable interest s being shown here in this new and thrilling sport.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, July 19, 1930]

GLIDER PLANE FACTORY [Rochester, Indiana]
See Snyder & O'Neal

GLOBE, THE [Akron, Indiana]
The Globe, Akron's first newspaper, was published by William T. Cutshall.

GLOBE, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
THE GLOBE doesn't mean the earth, but the best and cheapest Restaurant in Rochester. Warm Meals to order at all hours of the day. Farmers receive special attention. Day and Week Boarding. Wm. H. Mogle, Propr. Opp. New Fieser block.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 4, 1889]

[Adv] FREE. That is W. H. Mogle will take your order for bread, pies, cakes, rusks and buns, and deliver them to any part of the city FREE. Remember our BREAD is the sweetest and lightest that can be made and the loaves the biggest. Call and see. Also warm meals, good lunch, tobaccos and cigars are to be found at the GLOBE RESTAURANT AND BAKERY, Opposite Fieser building.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 29, 1893]

GODFREY, SAMUEL, REV. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Churches - Methodist Church [Rochester, Indiana]

GODFROY, CHIEF GABRIEL [Miami County]
PERU LOSES GODFROY
"Chief Gabriel Godfroy, a native born Indian, was the central figure at the first annual meeting of the old settlers of Blackford and Delaware counties in Riverside park last week," says the Wabash Plain Dealer.
"The aged descendant of the noble red man, with his long gray beard and flowing white locks, that rest gently upon his great shoulders, which still stand erect under the burden of ninety long years, presented a striking figure, but no less an attraction was his family of six children -- four daughters and two sons.
"Wah-pah-nah-ki-hah-pwah -- (meaning White Blossom) which is Chief Godfroy's Indian title, told the old settlers that he was a native of Blackford county, having been born on what is now known as the old Godfroy reserve, northeast of Hartford City. His father, he said, was a half-breed, and came here from Kentucky, but later moved to Miami county at a time when he (Gabriel Godfroy) was but one year old."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, August 31 1909]

GODMAN, FORGOS O. [Rochester, Indiana]
FORGOS O. GODMAN (Biography)
Forgos O. GODMAN is a native Hoosier -- born in Tippecanoe county 42 years ago. He lived on a farm until twenty-two years old when he engaged to learn stone masonry. Three years later he commenced business for himself as a stone contractor and bridge builder which business he has followed ever since except three years when he engaged with his brother as a livestock commission merchant at Union Stock Yards Chicago. Mr. Godman practically became a resident of Rochester eight years ago and has made this his home ever since. He has a wife and son and is a hustler in business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

GOFF & COLLINS [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv} Goff & Collins, Livery, Feed an Sale STable, also hitch barn, Open night and day. East 6th St. Phone 398 Rochester.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 5, 1914]
SOLD OUT
Goff and Collins, who owned the livery barn on east sixth street, have dissolved partnership. The business has been taken over by Cecil Goff.
[Rochestr Sentinel, Saturday, January 16, 1915]

GOHL, WILLIAM H. [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
William H. Gohl was born in Crawford county, Ohio, February 7, 1863, the son of John and Justina (Keister) Gohl, the former born in Germany and the latter a native of Bucyrus, Ohio. John Gohl immigrated to the United States when he was but fifteen years old and settled in Bucyrus, Ohio, where he was married. In 1863, he moved with his family to Fulton county, Indiana, making the two hundred mile journey by wagon. He took up land in Union township, and for fifty years he cultivated his farm of one hundred acres. He and his wife died in 1916 leaving three children. William H. Gohl was educated in the public schools of his home community and in the normal school, which he attended for eighteen months. For nineteen years thereafter, he taught in the Union township and the Kewanna schools, but becoming dissatisfied with the work, he matriculated in Valparaiso University and for two years studied law. He has never engaged in the active practice of the legal profession, for the position of cashier of the First State Bank was offered to him, a position which he at once accepted. For twenty years he has been cashier of that institution, and in that capacity has handled the funds entrusted to him carefully and wisely. His work has brought him into contact with a majority of the citizens of Union township and they have learned to honor and respect him as a man of integrity and sterling worth. He was married on December 22, 1889, to Nora B. Smith, and to Mr. and Mrs. Gohl five children were born of whom three are now living: John Ernest; William Chester; and Eldonna. In fraternal circles, Mr. Gohl is a valued member of the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 200-201, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GOLDEN CHAIN CREAMERY [Kewanna, Indiana]
Kewanna Herald.
A change of much interest in local business circles was made Saturday when W. V. Clifford sold his interest in the Golden Chain Creamery to his partner, Frank Penrod.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 12, 1909]

GOLDEN GLOVES BOUTS [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Boxing Club

GOLDEN RULE BARBER SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
ALBERT BIDDINGER OPENS NEW BARBER SHOP HERE
Albert Biddinger, of Culver, has leased the room at 604 North Main street and has opened a barber shop in the same. Mr. Biddinger is an experienced barber. He has named his shop the Golden Rule Barber Shop." He is making a specialty of haircuts for 30 cents. George Forsythe has been engaged as a tonsorial artist in the new shop.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, June 25, 1931]

GOLDIE'S GRILL [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Announcing the opening of GOLDIE'S GRILL, (formerly Hawkin's Cafe)
Thursday, Aug. 3rd, 12:00 o'clock noon.
Having purchased the Hawkins Cafe, I wish to announce that a new food policy will be placed in effect. All home cooking, excellent, efficient service with honest prices prevailing.
For clubs, public dinners and banquets the Fiesta Room will be available to the public. GOLDIE HINDEL, Proprietor. Favors for the ladies attending opening dinner.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, August 2, 1944]

GOLDIE'S GRILL SOLD TO W. W. ECKART AND L. FOX
Goldie's Grill, 719 Main st., was sold Friday afternoon for an undisclosed sum by the owner, Mrs. Goldie Hinkle, Plymouth, to W. W. Eckart and L. Fox, both of this city.
Mr. Eckart and Mr. Fox, both former cafe proprietors, have not yet officially renamed the restaurant although the title now under consideration is "Club Cafe." For years the restaurant was known as Hawkins cafe after the owner Mrs. Emil (Hawkins) Martin, who operated the firm for over 10 years.
Mrs. Hinkle plans to return to Plymouth.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, August 18, 1944]

GOLDIE'S GRILLE SOLD, NEW OWNERS IN POSSESSION
Announcement was made Saturday afternoon of the sale by Mrs. Goldie Hindel of the Goldie's Grille, 719 Main street to Mr. and Ms. Herbert C. Jacques of Lansing, Mich.
Mr. and Mrs. Jacques, who are experienced cafe operators took possession at once and announce that they will maintain the same high standard of food and service that has made the cafe one of the popular eating places of the city. The sale was made through the Fred Moore agency.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, September 24, 1945]

GOLDSMITH'S [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Another supply of fresh groceries received at the CHEAP CASH STORE and Family Supply Grocery in the East end of the Citizens' Block. - - - - GOLDSMITH'S. Satisfaction Guaranteed.
[Rochester, Sentinel, Saturday, June 29, 1878]

GOLUB, JACOB [Rochester, Indiana]
JACOB GOLUB IS REPORTED KILLED
Pvt. Jacob GOLUB, aged about 24, a brother of Mrs. Jacob POLAY, of this city, who was recently reported missing in action since July 19, was killed sometime between July 18 and 22, according to a telegram from the adjutant general's office in Washington, received by Mr. Polay Thursday morning.
Golub enlisted here in May 1917, following a wager with Abe BEREBITSKY and had been in France with an infantry regiment since shortly after that time. While here, Golub bought junk. His parents are dead, but three sisters and four brothers survive, one of the latter having been a soldier in the Russian army. Nothing is known of his fate, but the others live in this country.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 3, 1918]
GOOD, I. N. [Tiosa, Indiana]
[Adv] HARNESS. The Largest Stock and Lowest Prices, Attracts all buyers. I have both in Harness, and will convince you if you will call. Robes and Blankets at Cost. Only $2.00 for oiling your full set of harness. Call and see me. I. N. GOOD, Tiosa, Ind.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 28, 1891]

[Adv] THRESHING OUTFITS For Sale or Trade. - - - - The above listed machinery is all in good repair, will Sell or Trade. I. N. GOOD Agent, Rochester, Indiana.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, June 5, 1907]

[Adv] Big Auction Sale! In front of my place of business in the Opera House block Saturday, April 18th, 2 p.m.- - - 15 buggies and 10 sets of harness to the highest bidder - - - I. N. GOOD, The Buggy and Harness Man. 514 North Main Street. - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 17, 1908]

GOOD, ISAAC [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Isaac Good. - Among the pioneers of Fulton county no man is better and more widely known than Isaac Good. He became a resident of the county very early in life. He was the war sheriff, and it was then he made the acquaintance of and won the friendship of the fulton county pioneers. His official duties gave him practice as an auctioneer, and when he retired to private life his popularity as an auctioneer led him to engage in the business of such. He could sell more goods in a given time than any of his competitors and talk from day to day for a fortnight. He saw much of the rough and tumble in the 40's in "frontier Indiana," and in it all and through it all Isaac Good's chief aim was provide well for those depending upon him. In 1863 he bought a small tract of land near town, which was the nucleus of his present farm. He has it improved in keeping with those of the neighborhood where he lives, and is referred to as one of the substantial farmers about Rochester. Mr. Good was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, July 28, 1826. His father, Isaac Good, had died only six weeks before this event, leaving the widow with an older daugher. She struggled along and cared for her children till about 1833, when she married Peter Sanns, born in 1812 in Ohio, and died in this county, aged fifty-nine years. There were six daughters by this union, two of whom reside in Rochester: Mrs. Philip Jenkins and Mrs. D. S. Ross. Peter Sanns left the Buckeye state with his family and reached Lafayette in the fall of 1836. He wintered there and the spring following took up his abode in Fulton county. He located a pre-emption in Newcastle township, being the first white settler on Wewissa reserve. A part of this homestead is in the name of A. H. D. Gray, who married Rebecca Sanns. Isaac Good's paternal grandfather, John Good, was born in Pennsylvania. He was one of the earliest settlers in Licking county, Ohio, and built the first grist-mill there. He removed to Fairfield county some years later and built two mills there. His death occurred in that county about 1834, when he was nearing seventy years of age. Isaac Good got but a very meager education. His experience in business being the best training he ever had. He came to Rochester in 1844 and learned cabinet making with a Mr. Kitt, and it was about this time that the first school house was being erected and to plaster which Mr. Good carried the hod. He followed carpentering and cabinet work till 1860, when his name was mentioned for sheriff by the venerable Jesse Shields. Although he had never been in politics the wisdom of Mr. Shields' suggestion was so apparent to all that he was made the democratic candidate and was elected by the margin of two votes. He was reelected for a second term by a majority of 215. He made the county a successful and efficient officer and retired from the office with the respect of all. Sept. 15, 1850, Mr. Good married Eliza J., a daughter of Allen Nixon, who came to this county from Canada about that date. Mrs. Good died leaving the following children: Catherine, at home; A. W., farmer in this county; Sarah A., died young; Alvin H., a farmer near Rochester; Nellie, married to Isaiah Hawley, of Rochester; Susan, wife of Edward Thompson, of Rochester, and Annie and an unnamed infant, both deceased. Mr. Good's second marriage occurred in 1876 to his first wife's sister, Sarah A., widow of David Sheets. She has two sons, John B. and Allen B. Sheets, both in this county. Mr. Good has been a member of the I.O.O.F. since 1849.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 73-74]

OBITUARY
Isaac Good, of northeast of Rochester, died this morning at 5 o'clock from complications incident to his advanced age. He suffered failing health for the past several years and during the last three months has been closely confined to his bed.
Isaac Good was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, July 28, 1826. His father, Isaac Good, had died but six weeks before this event, leaving the widow with an older daughter. She struggled along and cared for her children until 1833, when she married Peter Sanns and moved to this county, where he died. There were six daughters by this union, two of whom reside in this city, Mrs. D. S. Ross and Mrs. Philip Jenkins. Mr. Good came to Rochester in 1844 and learned the trade of a cabinet maker with a Mr. Kitt. He carried the hod on the first school house erected in the county, and had a part in the early struggles of the formative period in Fulton county's history.
He followed carpentering and cabinet work until 1860, when his name was mentioned for sheriff by the venerable Jesse Shields, and he was made the democratic nominee and carried the election by the narrow margin of two votes. He was re-elected for the second term by a majority of 215 and made an efficient and popular officer. His official duties gave him practice as an auctioneer and led him to engage in that business, which he followed until a few years ago. He could talk from day to day for a fortnight and could sell more goods than any of his competitors. In 1862 he bought a small tract of ground near town, which was the nucleus of his present farm.
On Sept. 15, 1850, Mr. Good married Eliza J. Nixon, who came to this county from Canada about that time. To this union were born the following children: Catherine [GOOD], deceased; A. W. [GOOD], a farmer of this county; Sarah A. [GOOD], died young; Alvin H. [GOOD], of this county; Nellie [GOOD], married Isaiah Holley, of Plymouth; Susan [GOOD], wife of Elwood THOMPSON, of this city. Mr. Good's second marriage occurred in 1876, to his first wife's sister, Sarah A. [NIXON], widow of David SHEETS.
Mr. Good was probably the oldest Odd Fellow in the state, having been identified with that order since 1848. In politics he was always a staunch democrat. He was a splendid citizen, and his death is deeply regretted by a wide circle of friends.
Funeral arrangements have not been made.
[NOTE: buried in Rochester I.O.O.F. Cemetery -- W.C.T.]
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, October 4, 1911]

GOOD, MAX [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Max Good)

GOOD HARDWARE [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] ATTENTION! The place to buy Traveling Goods. Just received a large shipment of Trunks, Grips and Suit Cases. - - - - I also carry a complete line of general Hardware. I. N. GOOD.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 26, 1912]

GOOD HARDWARE SOLD TO PLYMOUTH MAN
A deal was consummated Thursday by which Francis E. Garn, retiring Plymouth postmaster, becomes proprietor of the I. N. Good hardware store on north Main street. The consideration is said to have beeen in the neighborhood of $4,000.
Mr. Garn finished his term as postmaster in August, but his son will remove here to take charge of the store, Mr. Good running the place for the new owners until the younger Garn can come to Rochester. The store has been on the market for several weeks, Mr. Good wishing to retire.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 21, 1915]
GOOD & WILDERMUTH [Rochester, Indiana]
Notice is hereby given of the dissolution of the firm of Good & Wildermuth. By this arrangement the book accts. and notes become the property of S. R. Wildermuth. The book accts. will be left with J. E. Troutman, office over the Hoosier, for collection. The notes are at the First National Bank for collection. Parties owing book accounts and notes that are due will please call at those respective places and make payment. S. R. WILDERMUTH, I. N. GOOD.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 11, 1907]

GOODWIN, A. B. [Rochester, Indiana]
SOLD HERE TUESDAY
A. B. Goodwin purchased the "Felix Cafe" on East Eighth street of Elza Folker and has assumed charge of the establishment.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 19, 1930]

GORDON, FRED [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Fred Gordon)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Fred Gordon)

GORDON, H. N. [Kewanna, Indiana]
See: Patents and Inventions

GORDON, RAYMOND F. [Farmsville, Virginia]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter from Raymond F. Gordon)

GORDON, ROY [Rochester, Indiana]
GETS TRUCKING PERMIT
Roy Gordon has been granted a certificate by the state public service commission for operation of a trucking line from Logansport to South Bend. A competing line for part of the distance, owned by Young and Son of Plymouth who run from Plymouth to South Bend made an objection to Gordon's entry.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, December 8, 1925]

GOSPEL TABERNACLE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Tabernacle.

GOSS, ED [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] FINE HORSES! The famous Clydesdale Stallion "Noble Grand," imported in 1887, is a beautiful dapple bay, and weighs 1,600 pounds. He is a grand mover for a large horse, and a perfect representative of the Scotch Draft Horse, "ECLIPSE."
This magnificen, general purpose horse, sired by St. Andrew, an imported Morgan and his dam a standard-bred Kentucky Whip, is one of the handsomest road horses in the county and a horse that takes everybody's eye. Be sure to see them, commencing April 8th, at the following places: Mondays and Tuesdays, at the Sebastian Goss Farm; Wednesdays and Thursdays, at John Poorman's, in Fulton; and Fridays and Saturdays, at Beattie's Barn, in Blue Grass Terms, $8.00. ED GOSS, Owner.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 1, 1891]

GOSS, EMANUEL [Liberty Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Emanuel Goss is one of the best known citizens of Liberty township and certainly no man can say aught derogatory to his character, for he has lived by honest toil from the day on which he cast his lot with this county to his retirement from the labors of the farm in September, 1895. Mr. Goss was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, Aug. 2, 1827. His father was a farmer in poor circumstances and could do nothing for his sons when they reached an age when they must support themselves. At eighteen young Emanuel was informed of this fact by his parent and told that he could have his time to use as his own. In the month of May, 1845, he joined a neighbor, who was coming West, and agreed to drive his cow for the privilege of being in the company of the family. This man was John Plank. They reached Rochester in June and young Goss engaged to work for his cousin, Sebastian Goss, at six dollars a month. He continued to do the work of a servant for five years, saving his wages, with which he bought land at $1.25 per acre, the government price. He entered a tract in Liberty township and moved onto it about 1850. His work of clearing up was interrupted frequently by his having to do day labor to support himself and family while a crop was growing. He could turn his willing hand to anything, being frequently called on to cry sales, at which business he seemed peculiarly fitted. In a few years his fields were large enough to support the family, and Mr. Goss was enabled to devote all his days to the improvement of his home. His 177-acre farm is in prime condition, good buildings, good fences, good orchard, and during his forty-five years occupancy of the farm there was no funeral from his household. He gave up the farm because of the "old machine" was run down. Its day was done. No more could be expected of it. It had done enough. Mr. Goss' father, Henry Goss, was born in Switzerland. His father, also Henry Goss, settled in Fairfield county, Ohio, and died there in the town of Basil, which he laid out. Emanuel Goss' mother was Ulerich Wagoner's daughter Elizabeth. Her children are: Emanuel, Annie, wife of Aaron Rouch, of Liberty township; Jonas and Tobais, both in Rochester. Emanuel Goss married Margaret Reed in 1851. Her father, Richard Reed, came from Darke county, Ohio, to Fulton county. Mr. and Mrs. Goss' children are: J. B. and Isaiah, both in Washington state; Rosie, wife of John Hagan, of Rochester township; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Willis Carter; Lyman W. and Frank J., both in Liberty township. Mr. Goss moved to Rochester in September, 1895, and will remain a retired farmer until death shall remove him. He has been a United Brethren for nearly forty years.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 74-75]

GOSS, IRA D. [Rochester, Indiana]
LOCAL NEWS - FRIDAY
Ira Goss was here between trains today. He recently furnished the Indianapolis News with a three page illustrated write-up of the unveiling of a tablet dedicated to soldiers whose names have been on the rolls at Wabash College. James Whitcomb Riley, Gen. Lew Wallace, Gen. John C. Black and many other distinguished men were present and several of them sent personal contratulations to him and the News handed him $50. Ira is very much in his element when he goes after news and writes it.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 27, 1902]
IRA GOSS INVITED BY HOOVER FOR CONFERENCE
Ira D. Goss, of Chicago, and former Rochester resident, manager of the farm department of the American Fore group of fire insurance companies, has received an invitation from President Hoover to participate in the President's conference on home building and home ownership. Mr. Goss is well known in Fulton county as he makes frequent visits with relatives in Rochester and owns a summer home on the Tippecanoe River. He was at one time a reporter on The Sentinel and later started in insurance business here.
The conference will be held at Washington on December 2nd and will be attended by men who are in close contact with various phases of the housing situation over the country. Secretary Lamont of the Department of Commerce and Secretary Wilbur of the Department of the Interior will act as co-chairmen. Mr. Hoover will address the first session.
It is understood that the President will promote some legislation on this subject in the next congress and will accept the recommendations made at the conference to help formulate helpful legislation.
Because of his familiarity with agricultural conditions, Mr. Goss will serve on the committee of farm and village housing of which Prof. A. R. Mann of Cornell University is chairman.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, November 28, 1931]

IRA GOSS, TOPNOTCH INSURANCE EXECUTIVE, TO RETURN HOME
Ira D. Goss says he is coming home to Rochester to live with Mrs. Goss in their new house at 1611 South Main street, "to be a good neighbor and an alert helpful citizen of the community." The former city editor of The Daily Sentinel, who has made a great name in insurance circles, plans to return here soon after having spent many years away from Rochester.
His is a success story that combines a great "will to do" and a crippling affliction. Despite the fact that for the past ten years he has been crippled, he has continued with his work as head of farm and hail departments of America Fore, an organization he served for nearly 36 years.
Started As An Editor
The story of Ira Goss is an interesting one - - - and it starts like this: He graduated from Rochester high school in 1897 and for two years worked as city editor of the Daily Sentinel. He then entered Wabash College, bent on a newspaper career, only to be swung over to a summer vacation job with the Continental Insurance Company in Crawfordsville. On graduation from college, insurance seemed to offer the best opportunity. The late A. J. Dillon, of Rochester, who was at that time State Agent for Continental, offered him a field supervision position which he accepted. He traveled Indiana as a special agent for about 12 years, before being transferred by the company to its western department office in Chicago in 1917. A year later he was made manager of the farm department of Continental. Ten years later there followed consolidations with various other companies and he subequently became head of the Farm Departments of all companies in the America Fore group. In 1938 the hail departments of these various companies were brought under his management too.
Suffered Affliction
He has served for several terms as president of Farm Underwriters Association and for six years as chairman of the Agricultural Committee of National Fire Waste Council.
Ten years ago he suffered an affliction of the central nervous system, which follows the same pattern as infantile paralysis, though less common. This affliction has become progressively worse from year to year and now he finds it impossible to walk more than a short distance with the aid of two canes. In 1927 he found it necessary to move to an apartment hotel two blocks from his office in Chicago and he made trips back and forth in a wheel chair. In 1938 he went to Jachymov, Bohemia to take the radium treatment which was reputed to have effected cures of the malady that had seized him. It was on this trip that he consulted specialists in Prague and Berlin, but all to no effect.
The difficulty of continuing his work in Chicago, under present circumstances, prompted him to retire at the end of this year and to return to Rochester.
Coming Home
"Indiana and Rochester are still home to me and I have therefore rebuilt the old home on South Main street which my wife and I will occupy when we leave Chicago," he said in a note to the newspaper.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, October 2, 1940]

I. D. GOSS RETIRES FROM LONG INSURANCE SERVICE
Mr. and Mrs. Ira D. Goss arrived in Rochester last week to make their home in their recently remodeled and redecorated home at 1611 Main street. "We miss the noise and bustle of Chicago," said Mr. Goss, "but it's good to be home again in Rochester."
January 1st Mr. Goss retired as manager of the farm and hail department of America Fore, Chicago, bringing to a close an active career in the insurance business which began in 1905 when he started with America Fore as special agent for Continental in Indiana. In 1918 he became farm department manager and in 1938 was named hail manager. He helped organize the agricultural committee of the National Fire Waste Council and served as chairman for six years. Continuously he has served on the advisory committee of both Farm and Hail associations.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, January 7, 1941]

GOSS, JONAS [Rochester, Indiana]
DISSOLUTION NOTICE
The partnership between P. A. Hoffman and Jonas Goss, dealers in marble and granite was dissolved by mutual agreement on January 1st, 1891. Mr. Goss will continue the business at the old stand.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, January 14, 1891]

[Adv] TILE! TILE! I have the agency of the Summitville tile, wholesale and retail, at the following stations: Macy, Rochester, Hoovers, Germany, Leiter's Ford, Marshland, Kewanna and Blue Grass. - - - Shop on the corner of the Warsaw road and Main street, Rochester, Indiana. JONAS GOSS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 18, 1891]
[Adv] A FEW FARM WAGONS! At Less Than Cost, at the MAMMOTH HARDWARE STORE. - - - - JONAS GOSS., Successor to A. C. SHEPHERD.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 6, 1893]

LOCAL NEWS
F. J. Terry, of Niles, Michigan, has been employed as stone cutter by Jonas Goss, the tomb stone man at the north then. Mr. Terry is an expert workman and if he is pleased with the surroundings his family will move to Rochester in the near future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 1, 1900]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Jonas Goss expects to erect a cement block business room at the corner of Third and Main streets this spring, which will add considerably to the appearance of that part of town. The building will be occupied by G. F. Barcus with his lime and cement business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 21, 1910]

GOSS, OBERT S. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Obert S. Goss is one of the substantial and influential citizens of Fulton county. He was born in Fulton county, Indiana, June 10, 1879, the son of John and Isabelle (Allen) Goss, pioneer farmers of the county. He was educated in the public schools of his home community and at the age of sixteen years engaged in farming. He remained in this line of work for a short time and then conducted a butcher shop in Athens. In 1912 he came to Rochester and established a factory for the manufacture of ice cream and soft drinks. The enterprise was successful from its inception, and it has been the only one of its kind in Rochester. On May 14, 1898, he married Margaret Myers. To this union were born five children: Raymond, who served eighteen months with the American Expeditionary Forces during the World war; Edna May, Byron, Virgil and Howard. Mr. Goss holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Loyal Order of Moose, and the Rebekah Lodge.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, p. 201, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURE IS FILED BY O. S. GOSSS
Obert S. Goss, of this city, former proprietor of the Goss Ice Cream & Bottling works has filed voluntary bankruptcy procedings through Alvin F. Marsh, referee in bankruptcy, of Plymouth. Mr. Goss' liabilities were shown to aggregate close to $23,000 and assets at nil. All but $5,500 of the amount of liabilities however was in the form of mortgage indebtedness.
A meeting of the creditors will be held in the Commissioners room of the Fulton county courthouse on Monday, June 2nd.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, May 19, 1930]

GOSS, RAYMOND [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Louderback Garage
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Raymond Goss)

GOSS, SEBASTIAN [Liberty Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Sebastian Goss. - Jacob Goss, the father of the subject of this sketch, ws born in Germany and died in this country in March, 1877, aged seventy-seven years. Sebastian's mother was a native of Ohio, and died in Fairfield County, that State in 1831, at the age of thirty-three years. His father had seven children by his first marriage, of whom Sebastian, the youngest, and four others, viz., John P. Goss, Elizabeth Ream, George Goss and Sarah Bowman, are living and in this county. Their grandfather Goss, at a very early day, entered 80 acres of land in Fairfield County, Ohio, and laid out the town of Basser. Their father was in the war of 1812, and received a land warrant of the Government for 80 acres. He came to this country with his young family in 1833, and entered 280 acres of land, to which he afterwrd added 40 acres more, making a half-section in all. He then deeded his children 40 acres each. Mr. Goss, Sr., marrid Miss Margaret Zellers for his second wife, and belonged to the Albrights. Sebastian was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, August 29, 1825, and married Miss Elizabeth Rouch, the daughter of George and Mary Rouch, of Pennsylvania, on September 23, 1847. Mr. Goss is the father of twelve children, ten of whom--John, George, Mary E., Alfred, Edward, William, Jacob, Angeline, Charlie and Sarah E. are living. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and an extensive dealer in cattle and hogs, his sales amounting to $70,000 per annum. This gentleman owns 700 acres of land in Liberty Township and 320 in Rochester, all of which he has gained through his efforts, with the exception of the 40 acres his father gave him.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 43]

GOSS, SEBASTIAN & WILL [Rochester, Indiana]
ATTICA BOY.
Attica Boy will make the season of 1891, as follows: Fridays, Saturdays and Mondays, opposite the toll gate at the south side of Rochester; Wednesdays and Thursdays at Wilbur Beattie's, five miles west of Rochester. Terms, $12,00 & 15.00. SEBASTIAN & WILL GOSS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, May 20, 1891]

GOSS, WILLIAM [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
William Goss, of Rochester, is one of the recognized enterprising young men of the county. His advantages for the best general mental equipment were not in keeping with the ambitions of the boy. There seemed greater need on his father's farm of boys of strong muscles than of well-stored brain. However, he picked up such of the rudiments of an education as have enabled him to become a successful competior in the race of life. He made his full hand on the farm early after entering his teens, and before he was twenty was the main manager of the farm. On becoming of age he followed the plow and drove the reaper for a few years, both in Rochester and Newcastle townships and gradually drifted into the business of buying, feeding and shipping stock; at one time handling the bulk of that product brought to this market. Although he has dropped out as a regular shipper he is still handling cattle and trading stock generally and in real estate. He owns a farm in Liberty township and one in Rochester, aggregating 246 acres, and besides improved property in Rochester. For a few months he was a hardware merchant in Rochester in company with J. R. Barr. His political faith is democratic. Mr. Goss was born in this county May 23, 1860. He is a son of Sebastian Goss, a well known pioneer of this county, and a farmer of influence and means. The Gosses are of German extraction, and the pioneer ancestor of this family was Jacob Goss, who came from Europe and entered land in Fairfield county, Ohio, and laid out a town on it. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Sebastian Goss is the youngest of seven children. His mother died in 1831, aged 33. In 1833 Jacob Goss came to Fulton county and entered 280 acres and died here in 1877. Sebastian Goss was born Aug. 29, 1825. He married Elizabeth Rouch, daughter of George and Mary Rouch, Sept. 23, 1847. William Goss married, Sept. 9, 1882, Dora Pyle, whose father, James Pyle, was born in Virginia and was killed in this county by accident years ago. Mrs. Goss was born in 1861. Her children are: Caroline and Mabel.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 75-76]

GOSS & CO., WILL [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] STOVES AT COST. In order to close out all of our stoves we will sell any pattern at cost. Come and see how cheap you can buy.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 8, 1895]

GOSS & ZOLMAN [Rochester, Indiana]
WILL BOTTLE MILK

Goss and Zolman, North Main, are rebuilding their ice cream factory to install a milk bottling station. They will continue to manufacture ice cream.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 18, 1917]

DISSOLVE PARTNERSHIP
Harley Zolman and Obert Goss have dissolved partnership, the former retiring from the busines of manufacturing ice cream and soft drinks. Mr. Zolman sold out because he may soon have to go to war.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 4, 1917]

GOSS BOTTLING WORKS [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] The O. B. Goss Ice Cream Factory has now installed all its machinery recently purchased from the Progress Grocery and is now making ice cream of the highest quality in large quantities every day. - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, May 6, 1920]

O. S. GOSS TO BUILD ADDITION TO PLANT
The building program for spring will be opened in this city by O. S. Goss, owner of the Goss Ice Cream factory, who will erect an addition to his present building on the lot just to the north of where his present factory now stands.
According to the announcement made by Mr. Goss the building will be 21 by 60 feet, will be constructed of cement blocks with a brick front. It will house a complete new ice cream plant and virtually doubles the present capacity. Mr. Goss states that the steady growth of his business during the last two years makes the erection of a new building an absolute necessity.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 17, 1922]

GOSS TO DELIVER HIS CREAM ALONG A ROUTE
O. S. Goss is completing plans for delivering his output of ice cream and other products. He is building two refrigerator trucks which will enable him to deliver quantities of cream at a great distance, the expansion of his business making this move necessary. He will have a fleet of four trucks, two of which will be equipped with refrigerators, which will have a carrying capacity of 100 gallons each of ice cream and still have room for 75 cases of soft drinks. Regular routes are being laid out and the four drivers will have their daily routes to travel which will assure the best delivery service for an establishment of this kind ever attempted in this locality. Construction work on the addition to Goss' factory will be started as soon as weather conditions permit.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, February 25, 1922]

[Adv] Eskimo Pie . . . Our new 5 cent size . . . made only by O. S. Goss.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 5, 1923]

LETS BUILDING CONTRACT
O. S. Goss today let the contract to Ertle and Wolf, contractors, of Logansport, for the building of his new ice cream factory to be erected on Main street next to his present location. The structure will be of tile and brick and will have a 42-1/2 foot frontage. Work will be started Wednesday morning.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, May 9, 1922]

BUSINESS REVIEW OF ROCHESTER MERCHANTS
This ice cream factory for the production of pure ice cream is a model saanitary establishment that is transacting a large business. A decade ago ice cream was considered a delicacy that was only to be used on Sundays and holidays. It has now come to be recognized as a food and not a delicacy.
If anyone could produce better ice cream than theirs there would be some reason for handling other brands. But their's is the best on the market and is a home product and everyone should order, use and boost for it.
Without question this factory is one of the cleanest and most sanitary and here a grade of ice cream is manufactured that is equal to anybody's anywhere. This ice cream is not only health protecting, but health giving as well. Only the purest of cream and flavors are used and every precaution is taken to make the product delicious and healthful. The machinery is of the latest model and strictly modern and up-to-date. They make a specialty of furnishing cream for the trade and do an extensive wholesale business and are prepared for special orders for parties, weddings and banquets.
This popular concern conducts a large business and is a leader in its line in this section and is open at all times for the inspection of the public, which it cordially invites. A visit to this factory will prove a revelation as regards what a man can do in the way of maintaining a strictly clean, sanitary and healthful ice cream plant by the use of modern scientific methods and machinery. It only employs the best of people, who follow instructions along the lines of sanitary production and turn out only high grade products.
During the war the national food administration placed ice cream in class 3 because they found it was exceptionally high in food value. One quart of this delicious ice cream equals two pounds lean beef, 1.8 lbs ham, 2.8 lbs eggs,.2 lb potatoes. Therefore even at its present price ice cream is yet one of our cheapest foods.
For obvious reasons, therefore, this ice cream factory and its genial, prog=ressive proprietor are valuable assets to this section and have added in no little measure to the general attractiveness of this section of the state, and it is not surprising that people have learned to order from them and demand their brand.
The manager is a man who knows the business from A to Z and who has become one of the popular and progressive business men of the city.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 17, 1922]

GOSS TAKES THREE PARTNERS IN FIRM
O. S. Goss has announced his plans for the future whereby he makes partners in his ice cream and soft drink business of his sons Raymond and Byron Goss and his son-in-law, Andrew Wilson, Jr. The firm name has been changed from O. S. Goss to "the Goss Ice Cream and Bottling Company." The new firm will start operation under the new name March 1st and shortly after several new features will be added including a new freezing room and other modern machinery.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 22, 1923]

INSTALLS BOTTLING MACHINE
O. S. Goss has taken the local agency for "Cerry Bloom" [sic] a summer beverage and has purchased a new $1,300 bottling machine which will be installed at once.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, March 10, 1923]

GOSS HAS PURCHASED PROGRESS POP WORKS
Obert S. Goss has announced the purchase of the Progress Bottling works on east Eighth street by his firm, the Goss Ice Cream and Bottling Company, of Frank Newman. The bottling works was purchased some time ago of the Progress Wholesale Grocery and has been operated by Newman since that time. The business will be consolidated with the Goss business on north Main street at once.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, April 13, 1923]

[Adv.] Boys and Girls Everybody!!! We have distributed over 5000 tickets entitling the holders to a bottle of Coca Cola free. . . . . Goss Ice Cream and Coca Cola Bottling Co.]
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 12, 1923]

ICE CREAM FACTORIES HERE ARE CONSOLIDATED
A consolidation of ice cream manufacturers in Rochester has been brot about by an agreement. The Bailey Ice Company and O. S. Goss, whereby the former company will manufacture ice cream and dispose of it as wholesalers to Goss exclusively and Goss will continue as the retailer, but will discontinue manufacturing the cream.
In the transaction, the Bailey Co., took over all of the ice cream machinery owned by Goss and from now on will attend to the manufacturing end only. Goss will devote all his efforts to selling and delivering the ice cream but will continue to manufacture pop and sell all his other lines. Both businesses will remain in their present locations.
In announcing the transaction, John Parker, of the Bailey Ice Co., stated that both ice cream companies found themselves competitors every where in the local field and the resulting expense made delivery costs too high. By uniting he said they both hoped to conduct businesses at a fair profit.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 12, 1923]

ICE CREAM SITUATION
In order that there may be no misunderstanding, this paper is advised that the Goss Ice Cream Co., has made a contract whereby the Goss Cream will be made at the Bailey Ice Co. plant. Additional machinery has been taken from the Goss factory which will make the manufacturing plant one of the best equipped in the country and ample to take care of the extensive ice cream business of Mr. Goss. The Bailey Ice Co. will discontinue the sale of cream. All orders will be taken care of by the Goss Ice Cream Co. at the same location on Main street. They will at all times have a stock of cream on hand in any quantity.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, December 13, 1923]

O. S. GOSS FACTORY IS OPERATING FULL BLAST
The ice cream and bottling factory of O. S. Goss' is indeed a busy establishment this season. A large force of ice cream and pop makers are kept busy practically every day and night throughout the week.
Deliveries are not only made locally but Mr. Goss' products are selling in direct competition with some of the largest cream manufacturers of Northern Indiana in all the surrounding cities. This fact most certainly speaks well for the quality of cream. Those who have never seen the inside workings of our local cream factory will marvel at the enormous output of this Rochester industry.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, June 19, 1925]

DEAL COMPLETED THURSDAY FOR TRANSFER
OF GOSS PLANT. GOSS KEEPS BOTTLING WORKS
Announcement was made here today of the purchase of the ice cream department of the O. S. Goss Ice Cream and Bottling Works by the Huntington-Collins Ice Cream Co., of Huntington, the latter having taken posession Thursday afternoon. The deal had been under consideration for some time.
The new firm which will come into Rochester has leased the south or main section of the Goss Building for five years with the privilege of renewal for five more. They will install all modern ice cream machinery at once and employ seven or eight men in the factory. They will make the same high grade ice cream they have at Huntington. They are already known here as their product has been sold in local stores for several years. They will discontinue the curb service long continued practice with the Goss Company.
The officers of the Huntington-Collins Ice Cream Company are all residents of Huntington. They are Louis G. Trexler, president, P. Gorman Trexler, vice president and O. F Sales, secretary-treasurer. This firm has been in the ice cream business in Huntington for 45 years. Mr. Goss has retained the north side of the building where he will install modern machinery and devote all his time to the beverage and bottling business.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, March 30, 1928]

GOSS BOTTLING WORKS IS SOLD TO PLYMOUTH FIRM
The O. S. Goss Bottling Works [515] North Main street was sold Wednesday by J. S. YONCKER of Indianapolis to Bob KREMP of Plymouth. The purchaser is the owner of three other bottling works in North Indiana located at Jasper,Valparaiso and Plymouth. Mr. Kremp will dismantle the Goss plant and move the equipment to Plymouth from which city he will operate truck service daily to this city to supply the local trade. Mr. Yoncker obtained the Goss Bottling Works at a receiver's sale Wednesday paying $2,237.11 for the establishment. The receiver was the United States Bank and Trust Company of this city. The sale was made after the Sanitary Milk and Ice Cream Company of Peru several years ago asked for the appointment of receiver for the concern in a petition which they filed in the Fulton circuit court. The sale of the bottling works was approved by Judge R. R. Carr.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, March 14, 1929]

IF YOU FIND A ROCHESTER COKE BOTTLE, TREASURE IT
Considered Comment
Jack K. Overmyer
Coca-Cola, or Coke as it came to be knon, quite possibly is the world's most familiar product. These words, in fact, have insinuated themselves into almost every language on the globe because of the soft drink's international adoption.
The company that created it and has manufactured it since 1892 also is one of the greatest, and richest, success stories in American or any other national history.
All this you likely know. But did you know that one of Indiana's earliest Coca-Cola bottling. plants was in Rochester? Or, furthermore. that a collector today will pay $200 for a bottle that came from that plant?
Coca-Cola's distinctively-shaped bottles, rounded in the middle, are stamped on the bottom with the name of the city in which they were bottled. Those reading "Rochester" are exceedingly rare.
That's because the local plant went out of business almost 70 years ago, in 1929, having operated about six years before new owners transferred it to Plymouth. Its story is that of an entrepreneur who could not capitalize on a visionary investment.
Obert S. Goss lived north of Athens and ran a butcher shop in that Henry Township village when in 1917 he decided to move to Rochester and go into the ice cream business. Today Howard Goss, his only surviving son, resides at Lake Manitou. Howard is 87 and ailing but wife Ethel recalls much of the family's business history.
O.S., as he was popularly known, made a success as both manufacturer and retailer of ice cream and soon expanded into the bottling of soft drinks. After the Coca-Cola Company began granting franchises to independent bottlers, he determined to add this new soft drink to his line of "pop." According to family legend, O.S. drove to the company's headquarters in Atlanta and came home with his first barrel of the secret Coca-Cola syrup.
Although Ethel Goss is not certain when Coke first was bottled in this city, evidence suggests it probably was 1923. On July 12 of that year an advertisement was placed in The Sentinel by the "Goss Ice Cream and Coca-Cola-Bottling Company." Addressed to "Boys and Girls, Everybody!!" it informed that 5,000 tickets had been distributed by the company, each entitling the holder to a bottle of Coca-Cola free. That has all the characteristics of a promotion designed to introduce a product.
About this time Goss bought the Progress bottling works that Lyman Brackett had started and then sold to Frank Newman. He consolidated it into his own and also took three partners into the business: sons Raymond and Byron and son-in-law Andrew (Jack) Wilson, married to his daughter Edna.
The Goss plant was at 515 Main Street south of the present Topps Garment build ing. It was a popular place. On Saturday nights folks flocked there to buy a pint bucket of ice cream for a dime, eating from benches placed in front of the building. On Sunday mornings, Ethel Goss recalls, Main Street was covered with scores of discarded buckets that had to be swept up.
O. S. Goss later gave up manufacturing ice cream in favor of selling and distributing it. He continued to bottle Coke and other soft drinks, including one called Cherry Bloom. He distributed ice cream and soft drinks not only in Fulton County but also in Pulaski, Miami and Marshall counties. The 1920s were a more relaxed time for such things; son Howard began driving the big, hard-tired delivery trucks quite a few years before he was 16.
By 1925 the Goss factory was operating "full blast" in all four counties, according to a Sentinel report. But by 1929, for reasons now obscure, the company had disintegrated. The bottling works went into receivership and was bought by Robert Kremp of Plymouth for $2,237. O.S. Goss netted $1,500, recalls his daughter-in-law. The ice cream business was sold to a Huntington firm.
O.S. Goss moved his family to a farm near Plymouth where, Ethel sadly remembers, she buried boxes of the distinctive Coca-Cola trays "Just to get rid of them." Today they would bring handsome prices.
If you'd like to see one of those rare "Rochester' Coke bottles, visit the Fulton County Historical Society museum. And if you find one, treasure it.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, November 4, 1997]

GOSS BROS. [Rochester, Indiana]
TO HORSEMEN
The attention of horse-breeders is respectfully solicited to the excellent qualities of "YOUNG BANKER," 277, The justly famous Canadian Clydesdale Stallion, registered in the Dominion Stud Book, and imported in 1888.
"YOUNG BANKER" is a dark bay, with black points, weighs 1,650 pounds - has admirable limbs and the best of eyes, and is one of the finest show horses ever brought to Fulton County. He may be seen in the barn east of the Arlington Hotel, Rochester. Terms, $12.00. GOSS BROS.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 1, 1891]
GOSS CAFE [Rochester, Indiana]
CAFE IS SOLD
Mr. and Mrs. William Hays have purchased the Goss Cafe at 513 No. Main street, owned several years by Mr. and Mrs. Obie Goss and have now taken possession. Home cooking will be specialized. Mr. and Mrs. Goss will move to a farm near Plymouth to reside.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, April 11, 1931]

GOSS LIVERY BARN [Rochester, Indiana]
Messrs. Alf and Will Goss have purchased the brick livery barn and in connection with their live stock business, will hereafter conduct a general livery and feed business at their barn and yard. They can operate both branches of their business together conveniently, as they are not widely different and their barn will furnish them permanent headquarters where stockmen and farmers will always find one member of the firm.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 7, 1888]

GOULD, CHARLES E. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Charles E. Gould, a physician of longstanding in the city of Rochester, was born in that town on June 13, 1859, the son of Vernon and Almira (Rannells) Gould, the former a native of Sharron, Massachusetts, and the latter of Virginia. Vernon Gould came to Indiana with his parents when he was a boy of fourteen years and settled with them on land in Aubbeenaubbee township. He was educated in the public schools of his home community and then attended Rush Medical College at Chicago from which he was graduated in 1854. With the outbreak of the Civil war, he enlisted in the 87th Indiana Infantry and served for three years. After being mustered out of the army, he again took up his medical practice in Rochester, and he continued this until a few years before his death, which occurred in 1909 at the advanced age of seventy-nine years. He was actively interested in politics, being elected on the Republican ticket to the offices of County Surveyor and County Clerk. He was an old and valued member of the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Grand Army of the Republic. He had five children of whom only two are now living, a daughter and the subject of this review. Charles E. Gould received his early education in the graded and high schools of Rochester and then began the study of medicine at the Ohio Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1884. At that time, he began his practice in Rochester and has built up an enviable clientele. He was married in 1889 to Rose Keith, of Rochester, and to this union one son, Lyman K., has been born. Dr. Gould is a member of the American Medical Association and of the State, Thirteenth District, and Fulton County Medical Associationas. In fraternal circles, he holds membership in the Masonic lodge. Lyman K. Gould was educated in the public schools of Rochester and in Rush Medical College, of Chicago, from which he was graduated in 1912. After serving his internship at the Cook County Hospital in that city, he began practice in Ft. Wayne, Indiana. He married Marion Cooper, of Kendallville, Indiana, and they have one daughter, Muriel, aged six years.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 201-202, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GOULD, FRANK P. [Kewanna, Indiana]
See: Kewanna Herald
__________

KEWANNA
Editor F. P. Gould has purchased a job printing office at Logansport so he will spend a part of his time there. He intends to move to Logansport about the fist of August. In the meantime he expects to sell the Herald office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 23, 1903]

BIOGRAPHY
Frank P. Gould, the well known editor of the Kewanna Herald, was born in Steele county, Minnesota, May 27, 1877, the son of E. P. and Mary E. (Norton) Gould. The father of our subject, despite the fact that he had a somewhat meager preparatory education, studied at the Keokuk College of Medicine, of Keokuk, Iowa, and received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from that institution. For forty-five years he practiced his chosen profession in the county in which our subject was born and reared two children: Herbert N. and Frank P. He died in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in April, 1922. Frank P. Gould received a common school education, and at the age of fourteen years, he began work in a printing office, where he remained for three years. In 1894, he removed to Royal Center, Indiana, leaving there at the end of two years to come to Kewanna, Fulton county, Indiana. With the exception of five years spent in traveling, he spent all of his time since then in the town of Kewanna. At one time, he held the position of advertising salesman with the Chicago Herald, and at another he was connected wih the South Bend Tribune. He has been the owner and editor of the Kewanna Herald at four different times, purchasing it for the fourth time in 1915. All in all, he has been in charge of the affairs of the newspaper for twenty-five years, and it is due mainly to his untiring efforts that the Kewanna Herald has won the high place in the esteem of the citizens that it does hold. On February 12, 1897, he married Carrie E. Pherson, and to this union five children have been born: Herbert, Helen, Florence, Mary, and Gertrude. In fraternal circles, Mr. Gould is a popular member of the Masonic Lodge No. 546, of which he was master in 1922. He and his wife are devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
[Henry A. Barnhart, Fulton County History, pp. 202-203, Dayton Historical Publishing Co., 1923]

GOULD, LUCIUS VERNON [Rochester, Indiana]
LUCIUS VERNON GOULD (Biography)
The school and social influences of Rochester have an illustrious product in the person of Lucius Vernon GOULD, youngest son of Dr. Vernon GOULD. He is but 25 years old and yet he has advanced to a sphere of much public usefulness. He is a member of the graduating class of the Rochester High school of '89 and an alumnus of Purdue University where he spent four years in a full course in Civil Engineering. After receiving his degree in college he took service with the Standard Oil company for a time, then made a survey and plat of the town of Rochester when the corporation was enlarged, and then accepted the superintendency of construction of the Tipton Waterworks plant. He also had charge of the completion of the Columbia City plant and then became city civil engineer of Tipton and has been the overseer of the extensive street paving of that city. In the meantime he was elected county Surveyor of this county and Superintendent of the Tipton waterworks plant. He is a scholar, a gentleman and unmarried.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

GOULD, ROBERT [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Gould Picture Gallery
__________

BIOGRAPHY
Robert Gould, son of Jeremiah and Mary Gould, is a native of the State of Massachusetts, where he was born October 14, 1831. He received an academic education in the schools of his native State, which advantage was superior to those in he West. The usual vim and intelligence of he old "Bay State" are infused into the being of its citizens, and was not wanting in the subject of this sketch. He labored on a farm for a number of years, and in 1844 came to Fulton County with his parents, where he has remained ever since. In 1854, he learned the art of making pictures and views, which has given him so good a reputation as a skillful artist in his profession. He not only excels in the process of taking small views, but that of enlarging and execting crayon work as well. He was united in marriage to Miss Minerva Foote, a daughter of Adrian Foote, a Baptist minister, and one of the oldest men in Fulton County. To these parents four children were born--Edwin R., Clara, Ada and Arthur. Mr. Gould is a member of the I.O.O.F. Lodge, No. 47, Rochester, Ind. He is social in disposition, hospitable as a friend, and eminent in his profession.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 23]

GOULD, VERNON, DR. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
Vernon Gould, M.D., one of the oldest practitioners of medicine and most favorably known citizens of Fulton county, was born near Boston, Mass., Feb . 11, 1829. His parents were Jeremiah and Mary (Copen) Gould, both of whom were born in Sharon, about fifteen miles from Boston. Jeremiah Gould was a son of Nathaniel Gould, also a native of the Bay state. The Goulds were among the oldest of New England families, the first representatives of the family in America having come from Wales. In 1844, an early day in the history of the county, Dr. Gould's parents came direct from their native state, and settled in the northwestern part of Fulton county, where the father became a pioneer farmer of the county, and died about 1854; his wife having preceded him in death one year. These parents had six children, namely: Vernon, Robert, Marietta, Willard, Daniel S. and Emma. Vernon was about fifteen years of age when his parents came to Fulton county. He had gained a fair education in the schools of his native state, and on coming to this county, though but a youth, began teaching in the county schools, and also worked on the farm. He taught several years, and meanwhile studied medicine, and after practicing medicine for awhile in Marshall county, he entered Rush medical college, of Chicago, where he graduated in February, 1855. Then he located in Rochester, where he has since resided and continued the practice of his profession save for a period of time, during which he served in the war of the rebellion and as clerk of the county. In March, 1863, he became assistant surgeon in the Eighty-seventh Indiana infantry, and served as such until the close of the war. In the fall of 1865 he was elected clerk of the circuit court, which office he held for five years, and then resumed the practice of medicine, becoming one of the ablest in his profession in this section of the state. Dr. Gould has always been a student not only in medicine, but also other subjects, especially minerology, geology and chemistry, in which subjects he has gained breadth of learning. He has collected many fine specimens of minerals and other curios. In 1854 he married Almira O. Rannells, who remained his faithful companion some eighteen years, and then answered the summons of death in 1872. She bore him the following children: Francis, deceased; Dr. Charles E., now associated with his father in the practice of medicine; Hattie; Carrie E., deceased, and Lucius V., deceased. In 1876 the doctor married a second time, wedding Nancy M. Rannells, a cousin of his first wife. She died in 1882. In 1886 he united in marriage with Mrs. Margaret Cowgill, widow of the late E. E. Cowgill. In politics Dr. Gould has always been a staunch republican. He is also a prominent member of the Grand Army of the Republic, McClung post, of Rochester.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 76-77]

ALSPACH HOME SOLD
The Alspach residence, southeast corner of Main and Tenth streets, this city, has been sold to the Gafill Oil Company of South Bend, who will erect a modern filling station on the site. The building will be razed and the lumber salvaged within the next few dayhs. This structure, one of the oldest in Rochester, was built in 1870 by the late Dr. Vernon Gould.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, September 5, 1941]

GOULD & MITCHELL [Rochester, Indiana]
Sold Out. We understand that the Firm of Gould & Mitchell has dissolved and the business will hereafter be carried on by Dan Gould, he has bought Mitchell out . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, April 19, 1866]

GOULD CASH STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
Call at the New Cash Store of D. S. Gould . . . Dry Goods & Notions, Boots & Shoes, Hats & Caps, Queens & Glassware . . . Groceries &c. . . Rochester, Ind., May 3, 1866.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, May 3, 1866]

Mr. Angerman has finished his new store room, north of A. C. Hickman's, which will be occupied by D. S. Gould the coming week.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, July 4, 1867]

New Barber Shop. G. W. Picket . . . has just opened up a First Class Barber Shop over D. S. Gould's Star Store, in Angerman's Block, Main Street, Rochester, Ind. . . Rochester, Ind. Feb. 20, 1868.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, February 20, 1868]

GOULD ORCHARD [Fulton County]
GOULD ORCHARD SOLD
The Gould orchard a mile southeast of the city on the banks of Lake Manitou was sold Tuesday by Dr. Lyman GOULD to Mr. and Mrs. Harry H. BARTER of Ft. Wayne. The owner took immediate possession. The new owners will also operate a truck and chickn farm.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana,, Tuesday, May 31 1927]

[Adv] LAKEVIEW ORCHARDS (Formerly the Gould Orchard), 1 1/2 miles southeast of Rochester - - - - H. H. BARTER, Proprietor. - - - -
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, October 25, 1937]

GOULD PALM PARLOR [Rochester, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
The Central restaurant is closed on account of getting ready to move and consolidate with the American. The Gould palm parlor will occupy the room now occupied by the American.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 2, 1911]

[Adv] Please Your Palate. A glance at our Menu will give you an appetite - - - - = 10¢ - - - - - 5¢ - - - - - GOULD'S PALM PARLOR, 715 Main St.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 9, 1913]

GOULD PICTURE GALLERY [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Robert Gould
__________

Picture Gallery!! Over A. E. Taylor's Store. Photographs of every variety of style . . . Robert Gould. Rochester, June 6, 1861.
[Rochester Mercury, Thursday, June 20, 1861]

Gould's Picture Gallery . . . Rooms over Mercer's Hardware Store, opposite Court House Square. Robert Gould. Rochester, Feb. 4, 1864.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, February 4, 1864]

GOULD STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
See: First National Bank
__________

Daniel S. Gould has this day opened . . . a new and complete assortment of Dry Goods, Notions, Groceries, Boots and Shoes, Hats and Caps, Queensware, Glassware, &c &c . . . opposite the Court House, one door north of Mercer's Hardware Store . . . Rochester, Aug 7, 1862.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, August 7, 1862]

D. S. Gould and A. D. Hoppe have just returned from Cincinnati, with a fine lot of goods in their several lines of trade . . . Dan can be found one door North of Mercer's Hardware Store, and everybody knows where to find Hoppe's Jewelry Store. If not, just look out for the big Spectacles, and the Watch.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, February 19, 1863]

Dry Goods, Ladies Cloaks and Furs, Notions . . . Groceries . . . Store one door North of Mercer's Hardware Store, opposite the Court House Square. D. S. Gould. Rochester, Dec 17, 1863.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, December 17, 1863]
New Cash Store of D. S. Gould . . . the first week in July next he expects to move to his New Room, Two Doors South of the Baptist Church . . . Rochester, Ind., May 24, 1867.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, May 30, 1867]

Removal. D. S. Gould has moved into his new Store Room, two doors south of the Baptist church, where he has a large assortment of Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots & Shoes.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, July 18, 1867]

Dan. Gould . . . has purchased the building and entire stock of goods belonging to A. C. Hickman, and hereafter may be found at both his old and new place of business.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, May 14, 1868]

Removed. Dan. Gould has vacated the room over which his star has so long been fixed, and now occupies the corner north of the Continental House . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, October 1, 1868]

Levi Heilbrun, agent, has opened an extensive assortment of clothing in the room formerly occupied by Dan. Gould. He has also a complete stock of groceries . . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, October 29, 1868]

New Firm. Carpenter & Barnes have formed a copartnership in the furniture business, and are occupying Mrs. Mann's rooms, opposite D. S. Gould's Star Store and two doors north of the Post Office. . .
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, December 31, 1868]

GRABLE, DR. HARRY [Fletchers Lake, Indiana]
NEWS OF THE DAY
Logansport Press.
Dr. Harry Grable of Fletcher Lake was here today with the Barnum & Bailey circus with which he is traveling as surgeon. He spent the day with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. S. M. Grable, of Bethlehem township. Dr. Grable is a graduate of the Logansport High school and of Rush Medical College, Chicago. He has been with the Barnum show for about two years, and previous to that he was with the Ringling Bros. circus.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, August 25, 1909]

GRAHAM EARLE THEATRICAL COMPANY [Lake Manitou]
The Graham Earle Theatrical Company was a permanent resident on the east shore of Lake Manitou.

GRAHAM'S DAIRY [Rochester, Indiana]
Don't Forget our night delivery service. Evening milk delivered between 7 and 8. Morning delivery starting at 7 o'clock. - - - GRAHAM'S DAIRY, Phone 693-R.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, June 17, 1929]

GORDON GRAHAM BUYS ROCHESTER CITY DAIRY
Gordon Graham, owner of the Graham Dairy, announced today that he had purchased the Rochester City 'Dairy, 416 North Main street, of Harry Hogue. Possession is to be given on October.
Mr. Graham said that both dairies will be operated from the Main street address and under the name of the Rochester City Dairy. Mr. Graham also said that only pasteurized milk will be sold. A modern pasteurization system was installed in the Rochester City Dairy several months ago. Mr. Hogue, who has been in the dairy business here for 16 years, will move to Los Angeles, Calif., where he will make his home with his sister, Mrs. F. T. Brush.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, September 16 1943]

GRAIN ELEVATOR [Rochester, Indiana]
Located N side E 9th at Nickel Plate R.R.
First building destroyed by fire in 1870, owned by Mr. Harter.
The present building built same location by William H. Deniston. Operated as Deniston Elevator.
Sold to Glen and Russell Wilson. Presently operated as Wilson Fertilizer & Grain, Inc.

GRAND ARMY BAND [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Bands

GRANDSTAFF, ARZA [Rochester, Indiana]
Arza Grandstaff has opened a feed store on the south side of the public square in the room formerly occupied by his meat market.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, October 25, 1913]

GRANDSTAFF & BABCOCK [Rochester, Indiana]
BUTCHER SHOP TO OPEN
Arza Grandstaff and Pete Babcock have decided to take over the butcher shop recently occupied by Frushour, and will open for business Wednesday. This is a little out of the former's line of business, but Babcock has had a great deal of experience in the butcher business here and in other cities.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, July 21, 1913]

GRANDSTAFF & SHELTON [Rochester, Indiana]
The firm of Grandstaff & Shelton which has operated the South Side barber shop for the past couple of years, was dissolved Wednesday afternoon when Mr. Shelton disposed of his interest to Dean Kilmer of this city, who assumed charge of this partnership at once. Mr. Shelton has accepted a position at the Manitou barber shop and already has begun his duties there. Mr. Kilmer, the new partner of Mr. Grandstaff, is one of the city's well known young barbers, and it is expected that he will be a valuable aid in the business of the South Side shop, which has always been popular.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, September 5, 1912]

GRANDSTAFF & STEFFEY [Rochester, Indiana]
HIS OLD LOVE
Grandstaff & Steffey, who sold their South Side barber shop to Charley Chestnut, have rented the basement under Stoner & Black's hardware, where they will open up an up-to-date shop. This is said to be the fourth time Chestnut has purchased the South Side barber shop.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, November 26, 1913]

GRANGE [Fulton County]
A few nights ago there was a Grange organized at the Monger School House, this making two granges in Union township.
--Last week we, in company with C. S. Graham, attended the organization of a Grange in Wayne township, in the neighborhood of Simon Wheeler's.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, February 5, 1874]

GRANT, INDIANA [Henry Township]
Located at 800E and 150S.
General store and post office operated by a Mr. Noftsger.
Noftsger's store burned down January 11, 1882, and the town thereupon ceased to exist.
There already being another Hoover Station, Hoover Station was asked by the Postal Department to change its name. It did so by calling itself Grant, since the first Grant was no longer in existence. This second Grant was later changed to Athens.

GRANT AND COLFAX CLUB [Fulton County]
Attention, Battalion! . . . Companies A, B and C., Fulton Fighting Boys in Blue, will assemble at the Court House in Rochester, Saturday Evening, Sept. 19th. . for the purpose of attending the meeting of the Grant and Colfax Club. . . W. H. Willard.
--- Union Township Grant and Colfax Club, at Pleasant Grove, Monday evening, the 14th inst. . . [names mentioned]: President, F. M. Sheaffer; Vice-President, Jno. F. Wilson; Secretary, Isaac H. Cannon; Treasurer, Joseph C. Cannon; Stephen Davidson, William Sturgeon, H. B. Apt, President; P. S. Troutman Secretary.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, September 17, 1868]

GRANT POST OFFICE [Grant, Indiana]
Located 800E and 150S, 14 rods S of the Chicago & Atlantic R.R.
[F.C.H.S. Files]
__________

The GRANT POSTOFFICE has been removed to Hoovers, the first mail having been left at the new office yesterday morning by the carrier who conveys the mail between this point and Akron. Hoover will be a way station on the C. & A. five miles east of Rochester. Jacob HOOVER is the new postmaster and is also proprietor of a first-class general merchandise house at that point.
[Rochester Sentinel, February 17, 1883]

GRANT POSTMASTERS [Grant, Indiana]
Benj. Noftsger, Dec 20, 1875, William H. Curtis, Mar 20, 1882.
Jacob H. Hoover, Jan 29, 1883. John T. Heeter, Dec 4, 1886.
John Y. Heeter, Dec 15, 1886. John A. Young, Feb 6, 1888.
John C. Phillips, June 9, 1895
Levi T. Barkman, Dec 28, 1888. Alonzo C. Hoover, Oct 3, 1888.
Levi T. Barkman, Apr 7, 1893.
[Athens May 28, 1896]
[F.C.H.S. Files]

GRASS CREEK, INDIANA [Wayne Township] Located SR-17 and 850W.
Post office in J. C. Hizer general store. Later in Thomas Hardware.
United Brethren Church, built 1910. Originally at Blue Grass cemetery one mile east.
Canning factory and United Telephone, built in 1913.
There was a town, located at the edge of present Grass Creek, which was laid out by Henry H. Smith in 1852. It consisted of 14 lots and four streets: Main, West, Cross and North. It lay in the northeast quarter of Section 22, Township 29. It died but nobody knows when.
Grass Creek came into existence with the building of the railroad in 1883. [Terre Haute & Logansport Railroad Company, later Penn Central]. The town was platted just west of Hardingsville, laid out by E. J. and Florence Buchanan June 14, 1902, containing 16 lots and three streets: Railroad, Main and Pearl.
Aaron Hizer and John Hizer were among the earliest settlers of the Grass Creek area, arriving in 1840.
In 1897 the Logansport Times reported that Grass Creek had a population of 150, with one church, a Seventh Day Adventist, with the Rev. Thomas Harrison as pastor. There was one "swill factory," which was run by John Williard as a quart shop, "the people having petitioned under the Nicholson law and knocked out his license to sell swill by the gulp."
E. J. Buchanan was the proprietor of the elevator. Besides handling grain, he milled a special brand of "Automatic Flour." E. B. Cook ran the general store and was ticket agent for the railroad, then owned by the Vandalia line.
J. C. Hizer also owned a general store where he had the post office. D. F. Rans was the hardware man, handling Featherstone bicycles and McCormick binders. This hardware became Thomas Hardware in January of 1903 and still operates today. John Van Meter operated a sawmill and Dr. W. M. Heward was the town physician.
Grass Creek was a lively place in the early 1900's according to Robert Thomas, hardware proprietor. Not only was there a livery stable and aforementioned businesses, but also a new Majesty High School built in 1903, new United Brethren Church built in 1910 (It was originally at Blue Grass cemetery a mile east), canning factory in 1913, United Telephone in 1913, J. W. Harrison Photography (he also made gunstocks of walnut), John Maroney's implement and harness shop, restaurant and saloon (where a man was killed in a gunfight), and Frank Clemon's blacksmith shop. Dr. E. G. Saunders was physician there 1913-1940.
Grass Creek post office was established January 25, 1884, with John Vining as first postmaster. It was operated by Edith Burns Briggs' family in their home for almost 50 years, her grandfather Alfred Downs being postmaster 1907-14, her aunt Grace Downs 1914-56, and her husband John Briggs 1956-1935. The post office today is located in Thomas Hardware.
Present businesses include Ted Sadler, hog buyer since 1920; Nelson Sadler, fertilizer since 1950; Mossy Hoover, welding shop 1939-72; Everett Cunningham garage, established in 1932 and now operated by his son, John Cunningham.
[Whence Grass Creek?, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
D. F. Rans is the hardware man. He was formerly in the elevator business with Mr. Buchanan. D. F. Rans is a brother of Isaac Rans of the boot and shoe firm of Anderson & Rans of Logansport.
Dr. W. M. Heward during the two years he has been in Grass Creek has built up a lucrative practice.
Around 1915 Henry Hizer sold Arthur "Monk" Robbins a lot for a general store. It was a modern store for Grass Creek. The upstairs was used as a town hall. They held court, square dances, and public meetings there.
At the rear of the store was an ice house to store ice which the community purchased. A blacksmith shop was located back of the store. One of the blacksmiths was Frank Clemans. (Paul Wills now lives in the house where the store was located, east of the hardware and railroad tracks.)
Maude Browyer was the "Hello Girl."
We had several trains a day through Grass Creek including two Fast Lines and a slow motion one called the "Doodle Bug."
[Cunningham-Hizer Family Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Volks, Vol. 2, Willard]
Carl Herrold bought the second radio in Grass Creek in 1924. It had two tubes and one station.
[Lewis Herrold Family, Janece Rouch Herrold, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
__________

GRASS CREEK
John Vanblarican bought the meat market and restaurant of John Clabaugh and took possession Tuesday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, November 23, 1905]

BLUE GRASS
The Winona telephone company put in a new telephone line from Grass Creek to Fulton.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 6, 1906]

GRASS CREEK
Quite a large force is working on the new elevator.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, July 5, 1907]

GRASS CREEK
Kim Murray was the first man to bring a load of grain to the new elevator whch opened Monday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, August 22, 1907]

NEWS OF THE DAY
Kewanna Herald.
Local firm have received notice from the referee in bankruptcy advising the creditors that Patrick A. O'Brien of Grass Creek filed on November 1st a petition for bankruptcy and was duly adjudicated a bankrupt. The first meeting of the creditors will be held November 23rd. The liabilities are $3,360.88 and the assets $4,175.00.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 12, 1909]

GRASS CREEK FIRE
The general store of Ed Walsh, at Grass Creek, together with the building it occupied, was totally destroyed by fire Saturday night.
Mr. Walsh closed the store at 11 o'clock and at 11:45 the fire was discovered. An alarm was sounded, but the flames had gained such headway that only a few pairs of shoes and several suits of clothing could be saved, and the entire stock and the building were soon wrapped in flames.
Mr. Walsh only recently purchased the stock from Pat Hines, who bid it in at $1,275 from the P. A. O'Brien sale in bankruptcy. He had made some additions to the stock and his loss is estimated at $2,500. The building was still in the bankruptcy courts and was said to be worth around $2,000.
Only heroic work on the part of volunteer firemen prevented the destruction of other nearby buildings, particularly those owned by Eli Barker, which are nearest to the store which was consumed.
The fire threw the community into a fever of excitement and many expressed the opinion that it was of incendiary origin. So strong was this belief that Detective Silas Morgan of Logansport was called to the scene, and arrived Sunday evening with a pair of bloodhounds, which he placed on the trail. Owing to the throng of people who had been on the scene, the dogs were unable to scent a trail and Mr. Morgan returned with them to Loganport Monday morning. Just what he learned, if anything, was not made public, but it is predicted that further developments may be expected.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, March 7, 1910]

WETS WANT SALOON IN WAYNE TOWNSHIP
After being dry for two years as the result of a contest when the drys won by 65, the wets of Wayne township have filed a petition for an election with County Auditor Miller. Sixty-five names are on the petition and there are about 315 voters in the township. If the wets carry the election, a saloon will be opened at Grass Creek by John Downs, a former saloon keeper, it is said.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, October 1, 1915]

STARTING NEW CAFE
M. J. Hoover who resides on a farm near Grass Creek is preparing to open a restaurant in Grass Creek in the building formerly used by the bank. Mr. Hoover purchased the building several months ago. In addition to the restaurant, Mr. Hoover will conduct an acetylene and electric welding shop in a building at the rear of the restaurant.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, January 7, 1938]

TO ORGANIZE FIRE BRIGADE AT GRASS CREEK
Wayne township citizens will meet tonight at the Grass Creek school to organize a fire fighting brigade in connection with the purchase of a fire truck to be housed there.
Trustee L. F. Thomas and his advisory board, composed of Lester Rouch, Elmer Douglass and Ted Van Meter will head the organization and a large group of interested citizens are expected to attend.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, November 20, 1945]

GRASS CREEK CANNING COMPANY [Grass Creek, Indiana]
In about 1913 Frank Thomas and several others started the Grass Creek canning company. Farmers raised one to four acres of tomatoes and brought them in to be canned in the fall. Women peeled the tomatoes and were given a token worth four to five cents per bucket.
[Thomas Family, Robert D. Thomas, Fulton County Folks, Vol. 1, Willard]
__________

NEW CANNING FACTORY
The new canning factory at Grass Creek got under full headway this week and took care of the first delivery of tomatoes. Frank Thomas has resigned his position with the International Harvester Co., to accept the position as manager of the plant, while A. J. Murray is President and Wm. Welsheimer is Secretary.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, August 18, 1913]

GRASS CREEK CITIZENS BANK [Grass Creek, Indiana]
NEW BANK ESTABLISHED, CAPITALIZED AT $12,000
A new bank has been established at Grass Creek within the past few days. It will be called the Citizens Bank of Grass Creek and will be capitalized for $12,000 and will be a private institution but will be incorporated under the laws of the state of Indiana. These papers will be taken out next Monday.
The bank was established in Wayne township because of so many of the people of that community demanding one. A site has been purchased on the Main street of Grass Creek and work on the bank building will start next Monday and it is thought that the room will be ready for occupancy within two months at which time the bank will be formally opened.
The stock for the bank was offered and was over subscribed within one day. The following men were elected directors: A. J. Murray, Arthur Robbins, Web Sibert, Harry Garman, R. M. Thomas, Henry Hirsch and Wm. Feidner. The officers for the institution were then voted on; they are Web Sibert President, A. J. Murray vice president, Harry Garman cashier and Henry Hirsch assistant cashier. With this bank Fulton county will have nine banking institutions and with the men who have been selected as directors and officers behind it the new one had ought to be a strong and well managed concern.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 17, 1920]

The Citizen's Bank was organized in 1920 and opened for business Aug. 28, 1920. The officers were D. W. Sibert, president, Asa J. Murray, vice president, Harry Garman, Cashier, H. C. Hirsch, assistant cashier. In 1922: liabilities, paid up capital $12,000; surplus and profits $1,200; deposits $50,840; resources, loans, discounts, bonds and securities $41,010; cash and exchanges due from banks $17980.
Lela Wills and Florence Cunningham worked at the bank in Grass Creek part-time after school. It closed around 1932 because of the depression.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GRASS CREEK ELEVATOR [Grass Creek, Indiana]
TO BUILD ELEVATOR
H. C. and G. A. Hirsch, who own an elevator at Grass Creek, have announced plans calling for the expenditure of $30,000 to be used in repairing and rebuilding the elevator at Clymers, which burned down recently.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, April 16, 1924]

Funeral services for the late Daniel F. RANS, retired farmer and business man of Grass Creek, who was killed Wednesday when a truck in which he was riding with Ralph PRATT ran into a Pennsylvania switch engine, will be held at 2 o'clock Saturday afternoon at the Grass Creek Seventh Day Adventist church. The services will be conducted by the Rev. C. F. WEIST of Indianapolis. Burial was made in the Grass Creek cemetery. Mr. Rans' son and daughter from the northwest returned for the funeral.
Mr. Rans, a prominent farmer, formerly of Fulton county, established the first elevator at Grass Creek and just prior to the death conducted a hardwars store in that village. Ralph Pratt, who was driving the truck which ran into the train, is slowly recovering from his injuries.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, December 6, 1924]

Four years ago Mr. E. J. Buchanan bought half interest in the elevator with D. F. Rans. This partnership existed for one year when Mr. Rans sold his interest to Mr. Buchanan; since which time he has been the sole proprietor. He makes a specialty of the Logan Milling Company Automatic Flour. [undated Times story]
Later called Hirsch's Elevator, now Sommer's.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard] [See Welcome Inn.]

GRASS CREEK FIRES [Grass Creek, Indiana]
THREE GRASS CREEK BUILDINGS BURNED
Three Grass Creek store buildings, one of them the W. H. Barnes store and residence and the other occupied buildings owned by Mrs. Sarah Rafter, of Logansport, and Dan Maroney, of Grass Creek, were completely destroyed by fire shortly after midnight Friday. The blaze, which was discovered by a resident of the town, who gave a general alarm thru the telephone operators, is believed to have originated from sparks from a locomotive. The loss at the Barnes store is estimated at approximately $3,000. Several other buildings caught fire, but the blaze was quenched by the heroic efforts of a volunteer fire bucket brigade. The entire business section of Grass Creek was threatened. The total loss from the fire may extend to $5,000.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, June 26, 1922]

NEW BUILDING
A new 20x60 fire-proof block 2-story building is being erected at Grass Creek to replace the one recently burned down and will be occupied by W. H. Barness as a general store after Sept. 1st. Also a new 34x72 cement block garage for C. R. Saunders is under construction. Both are on the north side of Main street and jus east of the railroad.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 5, 1922]

SCHOOL BUILDING AT GRASS CREEK IS RUINED BY FLAMES
A large portion of the Joint Grade and High School building at Grass Creek was completely ruined by fire, saturday morning, and a report from that community shortly after the noon hour stated the blaze was still burning but believed to be under control.
All of the old school building it was stated was completely destroyed, however, the firemen saved the new gymnasium and community room which adjoins the school building proper. The loss which was estimated to run into several thousands of dollars was partially covered by insurance.
Four Crews at Scene
Four fire fighting crews were summoned to the scene at 7:30 o'clock this morning at the time the blaze was discovered. The chemical and rural pumping equipment of the Logansport, Fulton, Winamac and Rochester fire departments answered the call, and succeeded in preventing the roaring flames which were fanned by a strong southwest breeze from consuming the gymnasium and adjacent structure.
Several times flying embers ignited the R. M. Thomas hardware store and four or five residences which are situated east of the school buildings. Bucket brigades and chemical apparatus were stationed at these points and promptly extinguished the flames almost as quickly as they were started.
Origin Unknown
The origin of the costly conflagration was undetermined, however, it is believed a defective flue in the furnace heating system of the school was probably the cause. The old building which now lies in a mass of ruins was built in the year of 1915 and was regarded as one of the best structres in that section of the county.
Several citizens of the community stated they saw a light in the building shortly after five a.m. today but presumed the janitor or some other person connected with the school were in the building. A few moments before 7:30 smoke was seen curling out from the doorways and windows and by the time the alarm was sounded the entire interior of the structure was enveloped in flames.
Trustee Lloyd Rouch, trustee of Wayne Township, was in Indianapolis attending a convention of farmers Mutual Insurance companies today so it was impossible to check the exact amount of loss incurred by the blaze or the amount of insurance which was carried. It is presumed, however, that school will be resumed in Grass Creek, possibly in the gymnasium, within the next few days.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, February 6, 1937]

GRASS CREEK FIRE HOUSE [Grass Creek, Indiana]
WAYNE TWP. HAS NEW FIRE FIGHTER TRUCK
L. F. Thomas, trustee of Wayne township, today announced that the township now has a modern '46 model American Fire Co. fire pumper truck, housed in the school house at Grass Creek ready for instant service. This is the first fire fighting aparatus ever owned by the township.
The truck which carries a 400 gallon booster tank and pumpe will be used under the supervision of Fire Chief R. D. Thomas, who will be assisted by firemen A. B. Cunningham, M. J. Hoover and Everett Long all of Grass Creek.
Trustee Thomas stated that calls would be made to all parts of the township and adjacent territory. Sevice in adjacent territory he stated would be available only at a slight service charge. Fire insurance rates throughout Grass Creek and Wayne township will be reduced seven percent on account of the township's procurement of the modern fire fighting equipment.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 21, 1945]

Up until 1945 Grass Creek had to fight fires with a bucket brigade, having no fire truck.
In 1960 we built a fire house without having any money.We got cost estimates on a building, but they were so high, we decided to build it ourselves. We got different ones to donate material and lots of men donated time to work on it. The only workers we had to pay were a couple of brick-masons. One time I had to call 25 men to find two that could work on the fire house the next day, but we got it done as a community project and were mighty proud. It cost only $5,000 or $6,000.
[Thomas Family, Robert D. Thomas, Fulton County Folks, Willard]
The Wayne Townsnip Fire Station now stands at the site of the log cabin of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hizer.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GRASS CREEK GARAGE [Grass Creek, Indiana]
Located N side of SR-17, E of Pennsylvania Railroad.
Built in 1923 by Dr. E. J. Saunders and son Charles.
Later they rented the Grass Creek Garage to Albert Swain.
In 1932 the garage was sold to the Everett Cunningham's. In 1932 Eldon Emerson, Ed Easterday and Everett Cunningham were the mechanics. After Everett's death John and Darla Cunningham bought the Grass Creek Garage.
[Cunningham-Hizer Family, Florence Jones Cunningham, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GRASS CREEK GUN CLUB [Grass Creek, Indiana]
BIG FOX HUNT WEDNESDAY
The Grass Creek gun club has announced a big fox hunt which will take place on Wednesday January the 28th, starting at 9 a.m. and requests all to join. Bills have been posted which announce the different points of meeting.
The lines are, north line, line between Wayne and Union townships; east line, Moon, Lease and O'Hare roads; south line, Cass-Fulton county line; west line, Pulaski-Fulton county line. Ed Kumler will act as Marshal, with 16 assistants. The roundup to be in Brose O'Brien's northeast field. A trap shooting contest will follow the roundup and prizes given. If weather prevents the drive on the 28th, it will be given on the 30th.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, January 24, 1920]

GRASS CREEK POST OFFICE [Grass Creek, Indiana]
Located SR-17 and 850W.
On March 15, 1972, the post office was moved into Thomas Hardware, Inc. With the help of the community, the post office sales went from less than $1,000 to over $5,000 sales in the first year and Grass Creek got two mail deliveries per day.

GRASS CREEK POSTMASTERS [Grass Creek, Indiana]
David M. Viney, N.B Dec 11, 1885. Jan 25, 1884. Edwin B. Cook, July 27, ----?
Wm. H. McLochlin, Aug 24, 1895. Jos. C. Hizer, M.O. --- 1, 1894. Haynes M. Wood. Apr 7, 1893.
John V. Reed, N.B. Jan 18, 1900, Jan 9, 1895.
Joseph C. Hizer, Jan 25, 1896. N.B. July 2, 1902. N.B. Nov 16, 19[??]. Alfred Downs, Feb 23, 1907.
Effie G. Downs, confirmed July 8 1914 commission signed July 30, 1913, assumed charge Oct 1, 1914, 4th Ck. Ret Oct 31, 1956.
John W. Briggs, Act P.M. Nov 5, 1956, assumed charge Oct 31, 1956. Assumed charge Feb 22, 1957, Reg Appt Feb 27, 1957, retired Sept 30, 1964.
Mrs. Pauline Scales, Act P.M. Sept 30, 1964, Term Dec 30, 1964.
[Discontinued eff. December 30, 1964. Mail to Kewanna]
[F.C.H.S. Files]
Ida Hizer Jones carried the mail from the post office to the train depot for 18 years, 1929-47.
See Grass Creek, Indiana

GRASS CREEK RAILROAD STATION AGENTS[Grass Creek,Indiana]
Dora Raber; Elva Nick.

GRASS CREEK SCHOOL [Grass Creek, Indiana]
SCHOOL BUILDING AT GRASS CREEK IS RUINED BY FLAMES
A large portion of the Joint Grade and High School building at Grass Creek was completely ruined by fire, saturday morning, and a report from that community shortly after the noon hour stated the blaze was still burning but believed to be under control.
All of the old school building it was stated was completely destroyed, however, the firemen saved the new gymnasium and community room which adjoins the school building proper. The loss which was estimated to run into several thousands of dollars was partially covered by insurance.
Four Crews at Scene
Four fire fighting crews were summoned to the scene at 7:30 o'clock this morning at the time the blaze was discovered. The chemical and rural pumping equipment of the Logansport, Fulton, Winamac and Rochester fire departments answered the call, and succeeded in preventing the roaring flames which were fanned by a strong southwest breeze from consuming the gymnasium and adjacent structure.
Several times flying embers ignited the R. M. Thomas hardware store and four or five residences which are situated east of the school buildings. Bucket brigades and chemical apparatus were stationed at these points and promptly extinguished the flames almost as quickly as they were started.
Origin Unknown
The origin of the costly conflagration was undetermined, however, it is believed a defective flue in the furnace heating system of the school was probably the cause. The old building which now lies in a mass of ruins was built in the year of 1915 and was regarded as one of the best structres in that section of the county.
Several citizens of the community stated they saw a light in the building shortly after five a.m. today but presumed the janitor or some other person connected with the school were in the building. A few moments before 7:30 smoke was seen curling out from the doorways and windows and by the time the alarm was sounded the entire interior of the structure was enveloped in flames.
Trustee Lloyd Rouch, trustee of Wayne Township, was in Indianapolis attending a convention of farmers Mutual Insurance companies today so it was impossible to check the exact amount of loss incurred by the blaze or the amount of insurance which was carried. It is presumed, however, that school will be resumed in Grass Creek, possibly in the gymnasium, within the next few days.
[The News-Sentinel, Saturday, February 6, 1937]

SCHOOL HOUSE AT GRASS CREEK IS TO BE REBUILT
Lloyd Rouch, trustee of Wayne Township, stated today that the grade school building at Grass Creek, which was leveled by fire Saturday, will be rebuilt sometime in the near future.
Mr. Rouch stated that he would attempt to obtain a PWA grant to help pay the cost of rebuilding the structure. There will be no classes this week at Grass Creek but school will be resumed next Monday probably in the Adventist Church in Grass Creek.
Adjusters from two insurance companies in which the school carried fire protection were in Grass Creek today adjusting the loss. The contents of the building were fully covered but because of the age of the school building, it was built in 1901, it could not be fully insured.
Only a few articles were moved from the school building. Among them were a piano and few school books. The entire loss is estimated at between $40,000 and $50,000 at present building figures.
The fire at the Grass Creek school was caused either by a defective furnace or chimney. It was discovered by a truck driver on Road 17 who gave the alarm. Four fire companies including the one at Rochester helped to battle the blaze and thru their efforts kept the flames from spreading to other buildings in Grass Creek.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, February 8, 1937]

CONTRACTS FOR GRASS CREEK SCHOOL AWARDED
Lloyd Rouch, trustee of Wayne township and the members of his advisory board, Lawerence Funk, Alpha Hoesel and Harry Hiatt late Tuesday afternoon let the contract for the construction of a new combined grade and high school building in Grass Creek. The contracts were let to three of 13 bidders at a total figure of $62,235.
W. R. Dunkin and Son of Huntington were awarded the general contract to erect the structure with a floor space of 16,320 square feet on their bid of $44,968. Bids of the general construction ranged from a high bid of $59,010 with six concerns submitting estimates.
Six Bidders
D. M. Hatton of Monticello, who was the lowest of six bidders on the heating, plumbing and ventilating, was awarded the contract for the work on his bid of $14,892. The high bid was $18,000. Karl Gast of Akron was awarded the contract for the electrical wiring on his bid of $2,375. Two other estimates were submitted for this work.
Invitations to bidders on the 15-room, two-story brick building were advertised in The News-Sentinel several weeks ago and the estimated total cost of the work was $70,000. Henry H. Wolfe of Logansport is the architect.
Gutted by Fire
The school building will replace one which was gutted by fire on February 6, in which all but the new gymnasium and the auditorium wing were destroyed. $41,000 in insurance was carried on the old structure and this sum was paid to Trustee Rouch. The Rochester fire department with companies from Lucerne, Kewanna, Fulton and Logansport battled the blaze.
For the last three months of the 1936-37 school term classes were held in the Grass Creek school gymnasium and in the United Brethren Church. The new structure will be 85 by 96 feety and will be constructed of brown brick.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, June 30, 1937]

DEDICATE NEW GRASS CREEK SCHOOL HOUSE
The new $68,000 Wayne township grade and high school building at Grass Creek will be dedicated this Wednesday evening at 7:30 o'clock Trustee Lloyd Rouch announced today. The program will be open to the public.
A speaker will be sent to Grass Creek from the Indiana State Department of Education. County Superintendent Earl Rouch will also have a part in the ceremonies. An excellent program has been arranged.
The Grass Creek school building was built during the past year at a cost of $68,000 and is constructed of red brick trimmed in Bedford stone. Included in the building are a large assembly hall, commodious office, supply room, two rest rooms and modern science, commerce and shop units.
The building replaced one which burned on the night of February 6, 1937 due to a defective chimney. WPA funds were used in helping to construct the building. The members of the township advisory board are Alpha Hoesel, Lawrence Funk and Harry Hiatt. A Huntington firm had the contract for constructionof the building.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, February 2, 1938]

GRASS CREEK STORE [Grass Creek, Indiana]
Fred Rowe, who formerly operated a store in Athens, has purchased the store at Grass Creek from Arthur Robbins. Green Ware is associated with Mr. Rowe in operation of the store.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Saturday, December 27, 1924]

GRASS CREEK TELEPHONE [Grass Creek, Indiana]
KEWANNA
From the Herald:
The telephone company of this place has put in a sub-exchange at Grass Creek, with about fifteen numbers. The service is connected with the Kewanna exchange and it aids to the convenience of the service.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, August 20, 1904]

GRAY, MRS. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Laundry

GRAY, FLOYD E. [Fulton, Indiana]
FULTON MAN NOW IS A BIG RADIO EXECUTIVE
Floyd E. Gray, son of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Gray, of Fulton, has become one of the county's highest paid radio executives. He recently became nationally known in radio circles because of his inventions in connection with radio for aircraft.
Mr. Gray had one of the first radio stations in Northern Indiana. He studied electrical engineering at Purdue University and has since traveled extensively throughout the world. In the near future, together with E. W. Proctor of Transcontinental Air Transport, and Herbert Hoover, Jr., radio engineer for Western Air Express, he will attend a radio committee meeting in Washington, D.C
After this conference, he will fly a plane of the Eastern Air Transport, Inc., from New York to Havana, Cuba, laying out radio stations for the company. His wife and one-year-old son will accompany him on the air tour.
Mr. Gray had his first radio station at his parents' home at Fulton. William Gray is president of the Fulton County Farm Bureau.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, July 28, 1930]

GRAY, W. B. [Leiters Ford, Indiana]
W. B. GRAY, M.D., Physician and Surgeon, Leiters Ford, Ind. Successor to Dr. Overmeyer. Residence one block north of the Depot.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 7, 1898]

GREAT EUGENES, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
Eugene Lechler, and his wife Carol Biddinger Lechler, performed on the high wire. He came to this country in 1929, and had been a circus performer, performing with the Great Gretonas who were with Cole Bros. Circus. Carol was a school teacher, who learned the performing art from Eugene. They retired at Homosassa, Florida.
[Biddinger-Leiter-McPherson Families, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]

GREAT GRETONAS, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
High wire performers who came to Rochester with Cole Bros. Circus.

GREEK, ROBERT P. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Patents and Inventions

GREEN, D. A. [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Spring Shoe Styles. Styles Come North For Spring - - - - GREEN'S SHOE STORE. D. A. Green, Prop.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, February 14, 1924]

GREEN, WILLIAM H. [Rochester, Indiana]
BIOGRAPHY
William H. Green was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, and came with his parents, four brothers and two sisters, to Fulton County, in 1855, where his father continued the business of a dealer in dry goods and groceries for two years; then tried farming for the remainder of his life. The marked features of his whole life were honesty, integrity and Christian deportment, and as much may well be said of a patient, kind and affectionate mother. Both died in full expectation of meeting in that better land. Their home was the Methodist Church and their dwelling in Ohio, was weekly used as a church until one was built. Mr. Green was educated mostly at the Indiana Normal, located at Kokomo, Ind., and taught in the public schools of Winamac, and some of the country schools of Cass, Fulton and Jay Counties. He also taught English grammar as a specialty. He held the office of School Examiner and County Superintendent of Fulton County. He was married April 25, 1870, to Mary E. Little, of Winamac, Ind., whose parents moved from Carroll County, Ohio, and settled near Winamac. Four children blessed this union, two of whom died at the ages of twelve and thirteen months; William Grafton, aged six years, and Myrtle, aged two years, are living to honor their parents and make the world better for their having lived, it is hoped. H. M. Little, a nephew of Mrs. Green, has been reared and educated by them; also two nieces, whose parents died dring their infancy, are growing up under training. Their names are Laura and Georgia Smith. While sacrifices are made, blessings may follow, at least honest convictions are satisfied. Mr. Green is now engaged in the general furishing goods business for school equipments, and has good success.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 23]

WILLIAM H. GREEN (Biography)
In presenting to our thousands of readers the name of Prof. Wm. H. GREEN, we but follow the path of duty of local historian. A native of Ohio, Mr. Green became, in early life, a citizen of Indiana, and was for years a teacher in the public schools of Cass and Fulton counties and a teacher of select schools at Winamac. Later on he made English Grammar a specialty for 7 years and taught it successfully until his marriage, when he moved to Rochester and was appointed school examiner and afterwards elected county superintendent. Mr. Green has for some years given his attention to the sale of school supplies and has proven himself bright and successful. He is thoroughly versed in all the branches of his business and gives to every detail his personal attention.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

GREEN DRESS MAKING SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
Dress Making. Mrs. L. B. Green having fitted up a set of rooms in the House formerly occupied by E. R. Powers is now ready to do the best of work in the dress making line. . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, April 2, 1868]

GREEN SHOE STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
HOLMAN SHOE STORE PURCHASED BY GREEN
John Holman, who has been in business in Rochester for 31 years and has occupied the same location for 21 years has sold out his shoe business located in the Phillips Dry Goods Store to Dwight Green, who came on from Chicago Friday evening to take possession Saturday morning. Mr. Green states that for the time being he will sell on a very close margin in order to establish a good trade and he will go to Chicago Monday where he will purchase a complete line of spring footwear. Mr. Holman plans to build a cottage at Winona and live there during the coming summer and then motor to California in the fall.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, April 2, 1921]

JOHN D. HOLMAN BUYS THE GREEN SHOE STORE
John Holman, partner of I. H. Onstott in the dry goods business at 824 Main street, has purchased the Dwight Green Shoe store which has been housed in the same room. An invoice will be made Monday, February 1, after which Mr. Holman will take possession.
What is known as the Perschbacher house, owned by Mr. Holman and situated west of his residence at Pontiac and Ninth street, was transferred to Mr. Green in the deal.
For two months Mr. Green will be employed in the store. Mr. Holman will continue to handle the high standard of merchandise Mr. Green has carried.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, January 29, 1926]

GREEN OAK, INDIANA [Rochester Township]
Located at intersecton of old US-31 and 400S.
Originally started in 1835 by John Casper.
Earliest record of a Green Oak post office was 1853.
First school built in 1850. Located 1/4 mile W of the Green Oak corner.
Second school, wood frame structure, was built in 1870 in Keel's woods 1/2 mile N on E side of old US-31. Closed in 1890, and building moved E of Green Oak on 400S.
Third school, a brick building, located sixty feet N of the store. Opened in 1891; closed in 1917, when the Woodrow School was opened.
Businesses included sawmill [gone by 1900], hoop mill, and blacksmith shop.
From 1885 to 1896 the town had a Horse Theft Detective Association, and they branded "G.O." on the horse hooves for identification.
New Odd Fellows lodge hall was built in 1907 on the SW corner. Charles Kepler rented the downstairs for a store. He operated a huckster wagon. The lodge consolidated with the Rochester I.O.O.F. in 1926. Building torn down.
Henry Michael moved a building from Wagoners Station to use for a store, which was operated for many years by his son, Evan Michael. In 1974 Evan sold the store to William Livingston but continued to live there and run the store until the fall of 1976 when he and his wife moved across the road and retired. The Green Oak store was closed soon afterward.
Green Oak has a total of 16 houses within a half-mile radius.
[Marshtown and Green Oak, Shirley Willard, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
Elias "Jack" Van Duyne was a welder and blacksmith at Wabash, Ind. He went to New Waverly and then to Twelve Mile, Cass County, Ind. He hired out to operate the blacksmith shop for Mrs. Faurote, whose husband had passed away. Soon they were married and in 1871 moved to Green Oak, Fulton County, where they bought a house, lot and shop operated by John Brock. He later sold the house and lot to Mel McCarter and bought 17-1/2 acres of Joe Smith one-fourth mile east where he continued to operate the shop and do truck- farming until his death.
Other than truck-farming and blacksmithing, he was custodian of the I.O.O.F. Lodge at Green Oak. Then, too, he was postmaster at Green Oak for several years (1875-1901?). Dad and Ott, Lulu and Lill had to deliver the mail, riding a pony, or a goat and cart, from Green Oak to the post office at Wagoner Station, three miles away, where it was picked up by the Lake Erie and Western Railroad trains.
[Van Duyne - Shelton Families, Fred Van Duyne, Fulton Co Folks, Vol. 2, Willard]
See: Sinks, Augustus G.
__________

GREEN OAK
Will McGinnis has accepted a position as salesman for Chas. Kepler. He will drive a horseless huckster wagon when the roads get better.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 11, 1904]

GREEN OAK IS HOST
The Green Oak order of Odd Fellows was host to three hundred fellow lodge men, Thursday evening, and the royal manner in which the visitors were treated will always leave a warm spot in their hearts for Green Oak.
The lodge of that place has 87 members and the degree work of the evening was done in their magnificent new hall, which was recently finished. The candidates were Recorder Thos. DuBois, who was given the initiatory by the Green Oak lodge, Harry Johnson received 1st degree by the Rochester team and the Macy team gave Howard Calloway 3rd. The Green Oak lodge officers in initiation work were Wm. Brubaker, John Wagoner, Jos. Babcock, Jno. W. Vandergrift, Elmer Newcomb, Ben Oliver, Edgar McCarter, Charles Pifer, Henry Blackburn, Elmer Oliver and Jack VanDuyne. The drill work was in charge of Capt. Eugene Shelton.
After the degree work all repaired to the old lodge room and there the three hundred present were seated at a sumptous supper that reminded all of a most elaborate wedding supper that had been prepared and was served by the Green Oak Rebekahs and the wives of the members of the order at that place. After supper the ladies were showered with congratulations on all sides for the delightful affair. The Green Oak lodge was also complimented by all present for its hospitality, growth and new lodge room, which is a beauty and a real credit to the order.
At a late hour the guests departed with many thanks for their delightful entertainment and heartfelt wishes for the best that could befall the order.
There were about sixty Odd Fellows present from Rochester lodge. Other visitors were from Fulton, Akron, Peru, 12 Mile and Denver.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 1, 1908]

GREEN OAK STORE TO GATRELL
Charley Kepler Monday traded the store at Green Oak to Frank Gatrell for a farm. Mr. Gatrell will take possession Wednesday when Ike Onstott and Harry Wilson of Rochester will invoice the stock.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, March 20, 1917]

"LOST CITIES" NUMEROUS IN INDIANA - - -
. . . . Green Oak was once quite a prosperous little community but the automobile played havoc with the town's trade and in a short time the stores were closed up and the people moved away. The final blow was when Woodrow school was built far from the village. More recently the one large store has been reopened but the place is not what it formerly was. . . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, March 22, 1922]
CONCLUDE AGREEMENT FOR ELECTRIC LINES
Announcement has been made of a meeting of farmers living on the Woodrow school [sic] to be held at the school next Tuesday morning at eight o'clock. At this time the residents of the community, all of whom are urged to be present, to hear the final proposition of the United Public Service Company on the establishment of an electric transmission line in that direction. It is now practically decided that the line will go thru, and while it is only planned at the present time to take it as far as the Woodrow school, the farmers living as far south as Green Oak or even further are urged to be present as there is a strong probability that the line, once started, will be continued further south.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, August 11, 1922]

GREEN OAK GARAGE
Kenneth Keim has purchased the old store building at the northeast intersection of the State Road and the Keim road at Green Oak and will transform the same into a modern garage and filling station.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, November 22, 1924]

FILLING STATION SOLD
Kenneth Keim has sold his filling station in Green Oak to H. M. Michael, owner of the Green Oak store.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, August 3, 1925]

H. M. MICHAEL BUYS STORE WILL MOVE TO GREEN OAK
H. M. Michael owner of the Green Oak store, has purchased the building at Wagoner Station owned by Dr. C. Y. Andrews, of Peru, which for 22 years housed a general store there. Mr. Michael will move the structure, which is two stories high and measures 50 by 24, overland by means of tractors from Wagoners Station to Green Oak a distance of 2 miles. Mr. Michael will erect the new store on ground which he purchased of Ed Faurote six years ago in what is known as the Green Oak schoolyard just north of the building which he will vacate.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Thursday, January 27, 1927]

Pic-nic at Greenoak. The young people of the vicinity of Greenoak, in this County, have made arrangements to have a Pic-nic party in the Grove of J. Holcom, near that village, on Saturday, the 29th inst. . . .
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, June 22, 1861]

GREEN OAK BAND [Fulton County]
See: Rochester Bands

GREEN OAK GUARDS [Green Oak, Indiana]
See Union Rifle Guards; Home Guards

GREEN OAK POST OFFICE [Green Oak, Indiana]
Located intersection of 400S and Old US-31, five miles S of Rochester.

GREEN OAK POSTMASTERS [Green Oak, Indiana]
Samiel Carruthers, Sep 19, 1853. Thomas J. Holcomb, Jan 16, 1862.
Thomas J. Holcomb, Jan 16, 1862, R. A. Kerr, June 23, 1873.
R. A. New, July 8, 1873.
Geo B. W. Robbins, Apr 2, 1883.
Robert A. New, June 9, 1884. C. K. Kepler, July 11, 1901.
Robert A. New, [?.?.]June 17, 1895. M.B Mar 21, 1900., June 9, 1884.
Ps to Wagoner Sept 25, 1901, take effect Oct 31, 1901.
[F.C.H.S. Files]

Our friends at Green Oak will be interested in learning that Mr. Thomas J. Holcomb has been appointed Post Master in place of the present incumbent.
After the first of July next, they will have a mail from Peru, on Thursday, and returning, fro this place, on Fridays. This will enable them to get our paper the morning after it is published.
[Rochester Mercuty, Thursday, January 23, 1862]

GREEN & WHITTENBERGER [Rochester, Indiana]
Green & Whittenberger's mill at the L.E.&W. depot has a new phone No. 70. Put it on your directory and call them up.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, February 22, 1904]

GREEN'S AGENCY [Rochester, Indiana]
[Adv] Real Estate for Sale or Trade - - - List your real estate with us for Sale or Trade. GREEN'S AGENCY, 411 W. 11th St., Rochester, Indiana.
[The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, September 25, 1934]

GREENWALD, BERTHA [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Rochester Bands

GREER, FREDERICK R. [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Frederick R. Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Frederick R. Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Third Letter From Frederick R. Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Fourth Letter From Frederick R. Greer)

GREER, ROBERT [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Second Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Third Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Fourth Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Fifth Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Sixth Letter from Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Seventh Letter From Robert Greer)
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Eighth Letter From Robert Greer)
GREGORY, JOHN A. [Aubbeenaubbee Township]
BIOGRAPHY
John A. Gregory. - He is the son of William A. and Minerva J. Gregory. His father was born May 13, 1836, and came with his parents to Shelby County, Ind., in the autumn of 1856, and on the 26th day of September, 1861, he married Minerva J. Atwood, in Shelby County, and in the fall of 1880 they moved to Marshall County, this State, but remained there only a few months, when they purchased a farm in this county, where they now reside. His mother was born in Johnson County October 24, 1842, and moved with her parents to Shelby County when only three years old. Her father, Daniel Atwood, deceased October 6, 1879, and her mother is still living in Shelby County. The subject of this sketch is a native of Shelby County, Ind., and was born January 18, 1864. He is a young man of temperate habits and very industriously inclined. He is a member, with his parents, of the Protestant Methodist Church, and is a model young man.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 34]

GREGSON, GEORGE W. [Rochester Township]
BIOGRAPHY
George W. Gregson, farmer, P.O. Rochester, son of William and Mary Gregson. Father was born and reared in North Carolina and mother in Kentucky. Father settled in south part of Indiana when about twenty-one years of age. His mother came, when a young lady, and settled in the same part of the State, where they were married, when William was about twenty-five years old. They moved to Sumner County, Kan., in the spring of 1873, and in November, 1877, William was killed by a tornado that swept over that part of the country. The mother is still living there, but makes frequent visits to her friends in Indiana. George W. was born in Morgan County, Ind., February 8, 1836. Came to this county about 1848, with his parents, who settled in the green wood about three miles northeast of Rochester. George W. married Catharine E. Shaeffer, November 19, 1865, and in the following spring settled on the farm they now occupy, and which George W. had previously purchased. Mr. Gregson was born and reared in Butler County, Ohio, and came with his mother to this county when nineteen yers old and settled on a tract of land about three miles northeast of Roochester, previously entered by her grandfather, Frederick Shaeffer, and where the mother now resides. Mr. and Mrs. G. have nine children--Sarah E, Charles A., Mary B., Cora F., Anna May, William H., Clara L., Alva M. and Nora O. They are both members of the Christian Church. They have a pleasant home about four miles northeast of Rochester.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 29]

BIOGRAPHY
George W. Gregson, a resident of Rochester township since 1848, and a native of Morgan county, Ind., was born Feb. 8, 1836. He is a son of William and Mary (Myers) Gregson. The father was born in North Carolina in 1803 and the mother in Kentucky in 1805, and their deaths took place in Kansas, to which state they removed from Fulton county, Ind., in 1873, the father of Mr. Gregson dying in 1882 and his mother in 1890. George W. Greegson is the fifth in a family of eight children, of whom only three are living at this time. In the thirteenth year of his age he came to Fulton county and the first school he attended in the county was taught in a private house. Upon the coming of the Gregson family to Fulton county there was found one continuous forest and the settlement was made in the woods. In 1865 Mr. Gregson settled where he now lives, in the northeast corner of Rochester township. Here he has eighty acres of land and also owns forty acres in Newcastle township in close proximity to the home farm. These 120 acres are well improved. The entire life of Mr. Gregson has been devoted to farming and he is considered a successful man in this line. In 1865 he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine E. Shaeffer, a native of Ohio. To this union are these nine children, viz.: Sarah E., Charles A., Mary B., Cora F., Anna May, William H., Clara L., Alva M. and Nora O. Politically Mr. Gregson is a democrat, though in local affairs he supports the man rather than the party. He and wife are members of the Liberty Chapel Christian church. This church was erected in 1895 and Mr. Gregson took a most active part in its building, giving both time and money. The Gregson family is one of the oldest in the northeastern part of Rochester township and is one of the most highly respected.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, p. 77]

GREINER & CO. [Rochester, Indiana]
M. Greiner & Co. have just opened out at J. Hoppe's old stand . . . Groceries, Fish, Salt, Nails, Glass & Queensware . . . Oysters, Fresh Bread & Ca
kes constantly on hand. Rochester, Sept 8th, 1864.
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, September 8, 1864]

GRELLE, P. H. [Rochester, Indiana]
P. H. GRELLE (Biography)
P. H. (Phil) GRELLE, is recognized as one of the leading Loan and Insurance Agents of Fulton county. We would call the attention of investors to the fact that he has a thorough knowledge of everything that pertains to lands, loans and mortgages in this section and has negotiated some of the largest loans that have ever been placed in the county both for eastern capitalists and for our home people. Mr. Grelle has resided in Rochester for ten years during which time he has been actively and successfully engaged in the Loan and Insurance business. He has given the subject most careful study and there are few investment agents who give more scrupulous attention to all details. Hence his success. In Insurance he represents some of the leading companies among them the Northwestern and the old reliable Ohio Farmers.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, September 20, 1895]

BIOGRAPHY
P. H. Grelle, insurance and real estate of Rochester, one of the promoters of the Indiana Farmers' Building & Loan association, and for the past three years its secretary, was born in Seneca county, Ohio, Oct. 12, 1851. His father, Samuel Grelle, was an Ohio farmer, born in Perry county, that state, in 1816. He served his county as commissioner two terms, and died in 1888 as he had lived, a representative and respected citizen. His father was Philip Grelle, born in Germany and came to the United States at the solicitation of his relatives to escape service in the German army in the Napoleonic wars. The young German was not himself averse to military service, for when he arrived in this country he at once took sides with America against England, and enlisted for the war of 1812. One of his three children is still living, a Mrs. Stewart, of Howard county, Ind. Samuel Grelle married Hezekiah Brinkerhoff's daughter Ellen. She was of Scotch Irish descent and her ancestors settled in Pennsylvania near Gettysburg. P. H. Grelle is the youngest son. The living members of his father's family are: A. W., Logansport, a gunsmith; George H., merchandising in Mexico, Ohio; P. H. and Mary, wife of A. B. Duey, Miami county, Ind. P. H. Grelle received his physical and mental training on the farm till twenty-two. He spent two years in Heidelberg college, at Tiffin, Ohio, and on leaving there began reading law at Sandusky, Ohio, in the office of Robert McKeely. He went to Cincinnati two years later and completed a course in a law college and was admitted to practice by passing a test examination. He was for a time in the office of John A. Trimble in Cincinnati. In 1875 he located at Logansport and practiced law and conducted an insurance business, having for his partners in the latter H. B. Aldrich and later William H. Jackson, grand master of the Odd Fellows for Indiana, and now a United States official in Canada. In 1885 Mr. Grelle located in Rochester and engaged in the insurance and loan business, dropping the law. His leading insurance companies are the Aetna Life, Ohio Farmers', Westchester, of New York, Concordia, of Milwaukee, and German of Indianapolis. He was interested with Dr. Shafer in the sale of property to raise funds for establishing the normal university, served as secretary of the Rochester improvement company two years. In November, 1880, Mr. Grelle married in Logansport, Ind., Edith Hidy Enyart, a daughter of George Hidy, deceased, and adopted daughter of Joseph Enyart, who married the widow of George Hidy. Mrs. Enyart's maiden name was Lavina Abbott. Mr. and Mrs. Grelle's two children are: Lefa, aged ten, and Nondas, aged eight. Mr. Grelle is a member of the society of Ben Hur.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 77-78]

LOCAL NEWS - SATURDAY
Mr. P. H. Grelle has leased the Heffly room in the Citizens block, south of the court house, and is having it fitted up for a clothing store. - - - -
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, March 21, 1902]

GRETONAS, THE [Rochester, Indiana]
See Cole Bros.-Clyde Beatty Circus
__________

THE GRETONAS' HIGH-WIRE ACT FEATURED AT 4-H CLUB FAIR
* * * * Photo of the Gretonas Act * * * *
Here's great news for the 4-H club fair goers.
The Great Gretonas high-wire artists and one of the featured attractions of the Cole Bros. Circus have offered their thrilling and spectacular act for a climax to each day's activity of the fair, namely, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday evenings of this week.
The Gretonas act, which lasts approximately 20 minutes, is presented on an extremely high, tight wire and these daring aerialists, who have thrilled some of the largest audiences in Europe and America, go through their dangerous balancing without employing the usual net to protect their life or limb.
The five Gretonas, whose hazardous exploits on the high wire are rated "tops" in the realm of big top thrills, now claim Rochester as their home, have proffered their talented services for the mere expense of erecting their complicated high-wire act equipment. This act is free and follows after the WLS Barn Dance Show, at 10:30 p.m. The Gretonas started the erection of their high-wire riggings at the City Park today. - - - -.
[The News-Sentinel, Monday, August 8, 1938]

GREY DRY GOODS & GROCERY [Rochester, Indiana]
New Store. Mr. Grey formerly from Plymouth, has opened a very fine stock of Dry Goods and Groceries in second room south of Wallace and Chapins Store in Wallace's Block .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, March 8, 1866

GRIBBEN DRUG STORE [Rochester, Indiana]
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST GRIBBEN
By International News Service
Indianapolis, July 12 -- Creditors of Chas. T. Gribben, a Rochester druggist, filed involuntary bankruptcy proceedings against him in Federal court here today.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, July 12, 1917]

GRIBBEN ACTION
The bankruptcy petition against Charles T. Gribben was filed by M. Henoch Company, LaPorte, Ind., and the Mooney-Mueller-Ward Company of Indianapolis, and alleged Mr.Gribben owed debts totaling more than $500 and was bankrupt.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday, July 14, 1917]

APPOINTED RECEIVER
Frank McCarter has been appointed receiver for the Gribben drug store, with orders to sell it in bulk.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, September 4, 1917]

TO RESELL STORE
The Chas. T. Gribben drug store, which was sold Saturday by Trustee Frank McCarter to the Ft. Wayne Drug Co., will probably be sold by that firm to a Walkerton man, who will continue the business.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, October 18, 1917]

GRIFFITH, ARTHUR F. [Milford, Kosciusko County]
NEWS OF THE DAY
Arthur Griffith, Milford's mathematical prodigy, is making a lecture tour embracing the principle cities of the state, demonstrating some new methods of calculation which he has solved.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, November 2, 1906]
ARTHUR GRIFFITH AGAIN
Arthur F. Griffith, the mathematical wonder of Milford, has been in New York City the last month giving demonsrations of his rapid mental calculations in mathematics in vaudeville. Griffith's manager, E. K. Nadel, of Elkhart, writes friends in Warsaw that New Yorkers can not understand how a farmer can come to New York and solve their problems so rapidly and mentally, problems that take them hours and days to figure with pencils. He explains his short systems and practice. He mentally solves each problem anybody in the audience propounds to him, tells the day of the week of their births, whether they were born in the full or dark moon, and figures the amount of money they have. He shows them with plain figures that the compound interest on one cent at 6 per cent, from the birth of Christ to the present date, all in silver dollars, will cover every square foot of a smooth, clear and level tile floor, placing them flat and against each other, the floor being 25,000 miles in circumference, and that they would reach so far up in the air that if a man had been that far up in the year 1 and would come toward the earth at the rate of 600 miles each second, that he would not be here yet. Griffith shows with figures that it would take that man over twenty trillion years to reach this earth coming at that rate from the top of those dollars.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, April 6, 1909]

ARTHUR GRIFFITH'S FIGURES
Arthur F. Griffith of Milford, known all over the United States as the lightning calculator, who has worked out new systems of calculation and who has been pronounced a wonder by the mathematical "sharks" of Yale and Harvard, is now on his summer vacation. Griffith has been engaged the last two years in giving lectures to the - - - - [not readable] - - -, demonstrating his ability (perhaps it would more nearly express it to say agility) to solve any problem mentally.
"Arithmetic is the science of numbers a business and interesting education, the study that has no end, can be figured and proven, and the foundation to everything in this world. It has four processes, ten figures, and over a thousand systems for figuring integers, fractions, decimals, denomininate numbers, percentage, interest, involution, evolution, proportion, mensuration, measurements, and some miscellanwous work," says Griffith.
"It will prove that the compound interest on one cent at six per cent from the birth of Christ to the present date all in silver dollars will cover the whole surface of a clear and level tile floor as large as this earth is claimed (25,000 miles in circumference) placing them flat and against each other.
"It will prove the number of combinations that can be made from all twenty-six letters of the alphabet and if any number of the letters placed in any order would be a word we would have over eight hundred septillion words in our language. There are hundreds of other lessons in arithmetic similar to these that are figured and proven by the four processes, ten figures, and thousand new systems."
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, July 27, 1909]

LIGHTNING CALCULATOR DEAD
Arthur F. Griffith, Milford's lightning calculator, who has bewildered vaudeville audiences throughout the country for a number of years by his mathematical wizardry, was found dead in bed at a hotel in Springfield, Mass., on Christmas morning. Griffith, who was known professionally as "the marvelous Griffith," was to have gone to Bridgebport, Conn., on Christmas day to fulfill an engagement at that place.
The news of Mr. Griffith's death came to relatives at Milford on Monday in a telegram from his manager, Erwin K. Nadel of Elkhart. The telegram did not give any of the particulars except that the body was found in the hotel and that death had been sudden and unexpected. Mr. Nadel stated that he would start home with the remains at once and would probably arrive at Milford on Tuesday night or Wednesday.
Mr. Griffith is survived by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Griffith, three brothers and one sister, all residing at Milford. The deceased was born in Milford and at the time of his death was 30 years of age.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, December 27, 1911]

SCIENCE PUZZLED
In speaking of the death of Arthur Griffith, the Kosciusko county young man who resided at Milford, near Warsaw, a dispatch from Springfield, Mass., says that Arthur F. Griffith, a famous lightning calculator, known as "The Marvelous Griffith," on the vaudeville stage of Europe and America, was found dead in bed in the Nelson hotel by E. K. Nadel, the manager, who went to bid him a merry Christmas.
Gaining no response to his knocking, Mr. Nadel called Griffith's colored valet, who, looking through the transom, saw his master motionless on the bed. The door was forced and physicians called. Medical Examiner Russell said Griffith died of apoplexy during the night.
The medical examiner was not prepared to say that the mental gymnastics to which Griffith had subjected his brain weakened the blood vessels there and so caused the hemorrhage -- apoplexy.
Griffith, a farmer's son, was a human calculating machine, a puzzle to learned psychologists; almost as soon as an arithmetical problem was put to him he saw the answer through the maze of figures. He was "discovered" in a barbershop near Elkhart, Ind., four years ago by a Chicago newspaper man who, hearing of his phenominal powers of calculation, proposed a theatrical partnership. Griffith, who was then 27 years old and working on a farm for 50 cents a day and his board, accepted the offer. His stage career began in Chicago the next year.
In February, 1910, a score of professors and tutors at Harvard university tried to corner Griffith. Professor Julian C. Coolidge of the mathematis department invited him there. Professors and instructors threw problems at him and he tossed back the solutions. Then he turned quizzer and asked the professors some easy ones like this:
"My birthday is April 23. If the next time my birthday comes on Easter Sunday I shall be 20 per cent older than next April, how old am I now?"
And this: If on that Easter birthday the population of Boston were 60 per cent more than the sum of all the numbers from 14,107 to the next prime number above, and they should all celebrate my birthday by giving me as many eastr eggs at 41 cents a dozen, what would be the compound interest on the money at 3 per cent from that day until the next time my birthday falls on Easter Sunday?"
It is not recorded that the learned professors have answered yet.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, January 2, 1912]

NEWS FROM NEAR-BY TOWNS
The funeral of Arthur Griffith, the world famous lightning calculator who was found dead in bed at Springfield, Mass., was held in the Christian church at Milford, his home town, Thursday.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, January 8, 1912]

SEEK INFORMATION ABOUT MILFORD MENTAL WIZARD
An appeal for information concerning Arthur Griffith, former Milford, Kosciusko county boy, who gained fame before his death for speed in mental multiplication and other feats of calculation, has been broadcast by President W. L. Bryan, of Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
President Bryan and President E. H. Lindley, of the University of Kansas, who 35 years ago investigated the psychology aspects of Griffith's astounding ability, are planning a tribute to Griffith and desire all possible information concerning him. They are particularly interested in obtaining a copy of a pamphlet which Griffith published before he died, in which he set out his short cut methods of calculation.
Investigated Abilities
President Bryan requests relatives or friends of Griffith to send any information they may have direct to him at Bloomington.
President Bryan's appeal is as follows:
"In the fall of 1899, Arthur Griffith of Milford, Kosciusko county, Indiana, who was at that time a boy of seventeen, came to Indiana university, at the invitation of Professor E. H. Lindley in order that his remarkable ability as a lightning calculator might be fully investigated. Dr. Lindley and I made a thorough study of his gifts and took him to the American Psychological Association at Yale university in order that the psychologists there might have a demonstration of his powers. A further report upon his case was made at the International Congress of Psychology in Paris in the summer of 1900
Mathematical Prodigy
"An investigation showed that Arthur Griffith was one of the most remarkable arithmetical prodigies of which there is any record. He said that he had the multiplication table to one thousand and a vast number of other arithmetical relations by heart. Exact measurements show that he could multiply a number of four digits by another number of four digits in less than thirty seconds. Many other illustrations of his remarkable power were shown at Yale and at Paris.
"Arthur's abilities were such that he was engaged by Keith's to give exhibitions in their vaudeville circuit. A few years after his visit to Bloomington he died. Before his death he published a pamphlet in which he gave a number of his short cut methods.
"Dr. Lindley and I would like to pay a tribute to Arthur and would like to have all the information concerning him that is available. We should be especially glad to have a copy of his pamphlet of short cut methods. If any relative or friend of Arthur's has this pamphlet we should appreciate having it sent to us."
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, November 21, 1935]

GRIMES, JESSE [Wagoners Station]
LOCAL NEWS - FRIDAY
Mr. Jesse Grimes an enterprising young man of Wagoners, has begun work on a two-story building. He will occupy the ground floor with his store and the Grangers will have the second floor for a lodge room. A new blacksmith shop has been built and Wagoners residents are looking forward to the stockyards, which the rail road company has promised to build in the near future.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, June 20, 1902]

GRIST MILL [Rochester, Indiana]
The first grist mill, built and operated by U. S. agent, John Lindsey, was constructed per Indian treaty with Potowatomi Indians. In the spring of 1832 his wife, Elizabeth Lindsey, died due to extremely adverse conditions of the times and the unavailability of medical attention. She was the first white person to die in Fulton County, and her grave is on the N side of Race street at the back of the J. C. [Jack] Irwin property.
The Fulton County Historical Society placed a small stone marker a few hundred feet E of the actual grave site. Hugh Barnhart made the presentation speech, and the writer [Wendell C. Tombaugh, then Judge of the Fulton Circuit Court] accepted by saying: "On behalf of all the people of Fulton County for all time, I hereby accept this memorial."
A much later grist mill was located on the SE corner of Fifth and Madison streets.
Another grist mill SE corner of Main Street and Chicago & Atlantic R.R.

GROCETERIA [Rochester, Indiana]
INNOVATIONS AT GROCETERIA
The Groceteria, the cash and no delivery grocery store, S.W. corner of Main and 7th Sts., will be thrown open to the public Wednesday morning at eight o'clock.The interior presents a very sanitary appearance. There are no counters and clerks will mingle with the trade. Individual shelves for each variety of canned goods have been installed. The managers have employed four feminine clerks and several young men.
[Rochester Sentinel, Tuesday, July 24, 1917]

GROCETERIA DOORS ARE LOCKED THIS MORNING
S. M. Friend, manager of the B. M. Way grocery store in this city, received a telegram Monday morning from the main offices of the company at Chicago instructing him to lock the doors of the store and turn the keys over to the United States Bank & Trust Company.. There was no word of explanation with the telegram, and the local man has no idea as to what may be happening as regards the groceteria.
[Rochester Sentinel, Monday, May 16, 1921]

Mrs. Charles Grimes, of Denver, who was killed in a tornado at Roosevelt, Wisconsin, Sunday, was a sister of Samuel FRIEND of this city and Mr. Grimes, who was killed at the same time was a brother of Mrs. Mattie DAVIS of Akron. The Grimes eight years ago were residents of this city at which time Mr. Grimes managed the Groceteria which was in the room now occupied by J. W. Compton variety store. Clinton and Gordon Grimes, son of the deceased Wednesday afternoon brought the bodies of their parents back to Denver, the funeral party arriving over the Vandalia at 3 o'clock. The funeral will be held from the Grimes home at two o'clock Thursday afternoon.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, September 24, 1924]

GROGG, JOHN [Perry Township, Miami County]
BIOGRAPHY
John Grogg, one of the few of Perry Township's early settlers yet living, is a native of Starke County, Ohio, born May 12, 1823, the youngest of a family of ten children born to John and Esther (Snyder) Grogg, who were both natives of Pennsylvania, and of Dutch descent. The subject of our sketch was reared in his native State, receiving a limited education in the primitive log school houses of his day. At the age of fifteen, in company with his brother and two brothers-in-law, he emigratedto Miami County, locating in Perry Township, of which he has since remained a resident, with the exception of three years, during which time he lived in Ashland County, Ohio. August 5, 1847, Miss Mary Mussleman became his wife. She is a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, born November 11, 1824, the daughter of Benjamin and Susanna (Walters) Mussleman, who were among the pioneer settlers of Miami County. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Grogg five children have been born, of which these three are now living: John H., who married Ida Paul; Sophia C., wife of Samuel King, and B. Frank, whose consort was Anna Morris. The deceased children were Jacob and an infant unnamed. In his life voction of farming, Mr. Grogg has been very successful. He is the proprietor of a well improved farm of 218 acres, which he accumulated by his own industry and economy. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Politically, he has been a life-long Democrat.
[History of Miami County, Indiana, 1887, Brant & Fuller. pp. 729-730]

GROSH, BECK & BRO. HARDWARE [Rochester, Indiana]
A Live Trade. Messrs. Grosh, Beck & Bro., formerly of Goshen, Ind., having purchased the Hardware store of Ernsperger & Lyon, are preparing for a big business in their line . . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 30, 1868]
GROSS, ALBERT
See Gross & Jefferies

GROSS & JEFFERIES [Rochester, Indiana]
A new cafe will open for business in this city Sunday at 604 Main street by Albert Gross and Jack Jefferies of Winamac. Both of these men are experienced in the restaurant business having operated a cafe in Winamac for a number of years.
Mr. Gross, also was a chef in the A. E. F. stationed at Camp Sulpice, France during the world war, being enlisted in the 14th regiment of Engineers. After returning from the war he was chef in one of the large Chicago cafes for several years. The proprietors of the new restaurant have taken up their permanent residence in this city.
[The News-Sentinel, Friday, December 12, 1930]

GROSS READY-TO-WEAR SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
WILL HANDLE READY-TO-WEAR
E. Gross, of the firm of Gross and Gross, South Bend, Thursday evening completed the purchase of the Harley Montgomery Sweet Shop, in the Arlington block, and announced that he would open a first class ladies ready-to-wear store in the same location by Feb. 1st. A five year lease has been closed for the room.
Mr. Gross, who is a brother of Joe Gross, Studebaker representative, well known here, has been in the business for some time in South Bend, but expects to make Rochester his home. He is a married man, with three children.
He is advertising for sale the stock and fixtures of the Sweet Shop, which he is said to have bought for $600. Mr. Montgomery has made no announcement of his plans.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, January 4, 1918]

[Adv] Grand opening of The Frances Shop in Rochester on Friday, February 22 - - - - Eugene Gross, Manager. Two doors south of the Post Office.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, February 15, 1918]

[Adv] Many Thanks! - - - - The Gross Ready-to-Wear Shop.
[Rochester Sentinel, Wednesday, February 27, 1918]

MILADY, MEET "THE VOGUE SHOP"
It is now "The Vogue Shop."
The new name for the "Frances Shop" recently established here by Eugene Gross, of South Bend, was selected by the judges Wednesday when Mrs. Orbra Taylor won the waist for suggesting the best new name. So many good names were offered that a number were placed in a hat and the first one drawn was "The Vogue Shop." The name was changed as a result of a protest made by The Frances Shop, of So. Bend.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, March 14, 1918]

GROVE, SIMON Y. [Newcastle Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Simon Y. Grove. - This industrious young man is a native of Coshocton County, Ohio, born February 28, 1849. He came to this county with his parents in the year 1852, and received a common school education in the rural districts of his adopted State. Upon reaching his majority, he learned the carpenter's trade, and has been a successful mechanic, having employment all the time that he chose that vocation. He was married, in May, 1875, to Miss Lizzie Mentzer, a native of Ohio, born September 9, 1858. For a number of years Mr.G. has been proprietor of the hotel in Bloomingsburg, where the traveling public have been provided with ample recommendations and hospitality entertained. Mr. and Mrs. Grove are the parents of three children--Winfield B., Nora G. and Lena--of whom Winfield deceased in March, 1877.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 49]

GROVE BROTHERS HARDWARE [Rochester, Indiana]
GROVE BROTHERS BUY BUSINESS ROOM HERE
Grove Brothers of Talma, Fulton county dealers of Delco Company electric products last week through Ed Mohler, local real estate agent, purchased of John Troutman, the business room on the north side of the public square occupied by Sherbondy Bros., plumbers. The Sherbondy Brothers, however, have a lease on the room until next September and unless they find another room they will occupy the same until their lease has expired. Grove Bros. intend to remodel their property and make it one of the finest business rooms in the city. A cement basement will be built under the building.
The Grove Brothers' purchase of property on east Eighth street means that before long this section of the business portion of the city will be among the best in the city. Only recently the News-Sentinel moved from Main street to a location on this thoroughfare and next summer the new Rochester postoffice will be built at the corner of Eighth and Madison streets opposite the jail.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, December 8, 1924]

GROVE BROTHERS TAKE POSSESSION OF ROOM
Grove Brothers, Fulton county agents for Delco products, who in December purchased the building at 126 East Eighth street, have taken possession of the front part of the room. Sherbondy Brothers, plumbers, will continue to operate their shop in the rear of the room. Kindig and Son, local contractors, Monday started to build a modern front in the Grove building which will be eight feet deep with plate glass seven feet high and which will be finished with fir papering.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Monday, March 16, 1925]

EAST 8TH HAS ANOTHER ATTRACTIVE STORE OPEN
Among those prognosticators who several years ago wisely nodded their heads and predicted that East Eighth street would soon become one of the main business thoroughfares of our city, there remains no one who is not now ready to admit that this street is amply able to hold its own as a business section.
The most recent addition to this business section is the Grove Brothers new store. This new enterprise will open for business Saturday. The building which was purchased by these brothers has been entirely remodeled and redecorated, also an artistic new front and show windows have been put in service.
Grove Brothers have long been associated in business relations with Fulton and adjoining county residents, specializing in farm, heat and power equipments. Their new store embraces a complete stock of their well-known farm-home appliances and builders' hardware. The interior arrangement is adorned with up-to-date show cases and display counters, with a lighting effect of their own ingenuity which most forcibly convinces the visitor of the practicability of their electrical wares.
In the service of this firm, is Mr. Henry Fromm, who needs little introduction to Rochester and Fulton county folks. Mr. Fromm for many years held a very high position in the Morris & Co., service work, and this knowledge and experience will prove invaluable to the patrons of this new business establishment.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, June 5, 1925]

OLIVER GROVE IS SOLE OWNER OF HARDWARE
Oliver Grove today announced he has purchased Arch Grove's interest in the hardware store and henceforth the firm will be known as Grove Hardware. No change has been made in the store personnel but many improvements are being made in the store.
"I want to thank our customers for business of the past and assure them we'll be better able to serve them in the future," Oliver Grove said today.
[The News-Sentinel, Wednesday, March 19, 1941]
GROVE'S GROCERY [Talma, Indiana]
Operated by Simon Grove, early 1900's.

GROVE & IMLER [Talma, Indiana]
Grove & Imler have dissolved their partnership. Imler will take the dry goods and grocery departments and Grove will take the hardware.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 28, 1904]

GROVES, ALBERT [Rochester, Indiana]
See Thirty-One Cafe

GRUBBS, H. M. [Rochester, Indiana]
DRY CLEANING WORKS SOLD
Harry Turnam, who has been employed at the Swiss Dry Cleaning works for the past several months, has purchased the H. M. Grubbs dry cleaning establishment on West Ninth street and has already taken possession. The new owner is an experienced dry cleaner and tailor and will no doubt prove quite successful in the venture. Mr. Grubbs has not decided on his future business policy.

The vacancy at the Swiss Dry Cleaning works made vacant by the leaving of Mr. Turnam has been filled by Charles Corbett of Chicago, who has had a number of years' experience in one of that city's large dye houses.
[Rochester Sentinel, Friday, May 3, 1912]

GUISE, BENNEVILLE [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Benneville Guise was born June 23, 1819, in Northmberland County, Penn. His father, George Guise, was a native of Berks County, in the same State, but removed from his native county to Northumberland, where he was married to Catharine Swartz. He was engaged in agricultural pursuits, and died on his farm in the last named county.
Benneville, the subject of this sketch, was reared on the home farm, and spent his early life in assisting his father in the daily routine of duties, acquiring, in the meantime, a common school education. At the age of nineteen years, he learned the stone mason's trade, and divided his time between that pursit and farming. At the age of twenty-four years, November, 1843, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Wentzel, and one year later started Westward with his wife, to bear a pioneer's part in the development of Fulton County, Ind., realizing that the cheap lands of the West offered indcements and advantages to a young man of energy and industry not to be obtrained in his old home. Early in May, 1844, he settled in Aubbeenaubbee Township, north of Bruce Lake, where he entered a tract of government land, and began the labor of reducing the surrounding wilderness to a farm. A little log cabin did duty as a home, and throughout the long days of the summer he worked early and late to prepare his ground for a crop. His industry and energy were rewarded, and prosperity attended his efforts. Investing his money in adjacent lands, he became, in later years, a large land owner and a successful farmer. In February, 1856, his wife died, leaving six children--William, Mary, Henry, Elizabeth, John and Sarah--to mourn their loss. Of these all now survive, excepting Mary. In July, following his wife's decease, Mr. Guise was married to Miss Anna M. Miller, daughter of Paul and Anna (Zohm) Miller, who were natives of Germany, and early settlers of Pulaski County, Ind. By this second marriage, Mr. Guise and wife are the parents of ten children, viz.: Daniel, Lucy, Eliza J., Julia A., Charles, George B. McClellan, Ida, Carolina, Edward and Maggie, all of whom are now living.
Until 1869, Mr. Guise remained at the farm upon which he first located, but in that year removed to his present farm in Union Township, in order to give his attention to the stock trade, which he has ever since continued in connection with farming, and with very satisfactory results--his shipments amounting annually to from 500 to 600 head of cattle and hogs.
In choosing the farmer's pursuit as his vocation in life, he selected that with which he had become familiar by the training of early youth, and by assiduous devotion to this pursuit he has accumulatged a comfortable fortune, and is recognized as one of the wealthy citizens of his township. In all his dealings with his fellow-men he has been honorable and upright, and it is safe to say that no citizen is more universally respected by those who know him.
In politics Mr. Guise is identified with the Democratic party, and although a zealous partisan, has never been a politician, and never but once consented to occupy an official position. This was during the period of his residence in Aubbeenaubbee, when he served as Trustee of that Township. He is a consistent member of the Lutheran Church, and is also actively identified with Kewanna Lodge, No. 546, A., F. & A. M., in which he has attained the degree of Master Mason.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, pp. 56-57]

GUISE, HENRY [Union Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Henry Guise, of Union township, is one of the leading and enterprising farmers of Fulton county. His birth occurred in Aubbeenaubbee township, Sept. 30, 1848. His father, Benneville Guise, was born in Northumberland county, Pa., June 23, 1819, and came to Fulton county in 1844 and settled in Aubbeenaubbee township, where he lived until 1869, when he removed to Union township, where he died at seventy-four years of age. In politics he was a democrat and had served as trustee of Aubbeenaubbee township. He was a man of pure character and in his death the county lost one of its estimable citizens. The mother of Henry Guise was Sarah Guise, whose maiden name was Wentzel. She was also born in Pennsylvania and died in this county in February, 1856. Mr. Guise, the third child, was raised upon the farm. He was a student at the country school and had as a classmate Enoch Myers, who is now a prominent lawyer of this county. Mr. Guise remained at home until about twenty-one years of age, when he began farming for himself. He now ownes 195 acres of fine land, forty acres of which are just over the line, in Pulaski county. Mr. Guise cleared from the green ninety acres of his land. His farms are well improved and as a farmer he is abreast of the age. His marriage with Miss Julia Luntsford was solemnized in 1873, and to this union are these six children, viz.: Mark B., Perry, Pearl, Harvey, Maude and Grace. Mrs. Guise was born in Pulaski county and has always resided near her present home. In politics Mr. Guise is a democrat, and is a member of the Lutheran church, while his wife is a member of the German Reformed church. For forty-eight years he has been a resident of Fulton county and is one of its careful farmers and honest, conservative citizens.
[Elia W. Peattie, Fulton County History, National Publishing Co,. Chicago 1896, pp. 78-79]

GUISE MEAT MARKET [Rochester, Indiana]
The Hawkins and Overmyer meat shop at 526 Main street was sold to Hugh Guise.
Mr. Guise, who lives on a farm 8 miles northeast of the city took possession of the shop. He intends to raise all of the meat sold in the shop on his farm. Mr. Guise will retain Fawn Hudkins as cutter and Theodore Teel as butcher. The retiring owners have no plans for the immediate future.
[The News-Sentinel, Rochester, Indiana, Friday, September 10, 1926]

GUISE MEAT MARKET IS SOLD TO LOGAN MAN
J. C. Houser, of Logansport, has purchased the Hugh Guise Meat Market at 526 Main street. The purchaser took possession of the shop Wednesday afternoon and stated this morning that he intends to carry the same high grade meats as did his predecessor. Mr. Houser for many years operated bus lines between Logansport, Monticello, Winamac and Rochester. Prior to his entry in the bus business Mr. Houser owned and managed several butcher shops in Logansport. Mr. Guise has no immediate plans for the future.
[The News-Sentinel, Thursday, November 11, 1926]

GUM BURNING [Fulton County]
A few old timers will remember Democratic election celebrations on Main street when that party won. Large hollow logs were placed upright on the gravel thoroughfare in front of the old brick courthouse. They were then filled with fence rails of that day, saturated with coal oil (kerosene), and set ablaze after nightfall.
[Earle A. Miller, The News-Sentinel, Tuesday, May 12, 1959]

GUNCKLE BOOT & SHOE SHOP [Rochester, Indiana]
New Boot and Shoe Shop. . . Mr. Gunckle has located . . . one door South of Keith's office. . .
[Rochester Chronicle, Thursday, January 16, 1868]

Removed. Mr. A. M. Gunckel, who is a first-class shoemaker, has removed from Rochester to the neighborhood of True's Mill, where he expects to find all the work he can do.
[Rochester Union-Spy, Thursday, November 19, 1868]

GUNTER, CHARLES [Rochester, Indiana]
See: Service Men, World War II, Letters (Letter From Charles Gunter)

GUSTIN, HARRY [Henry Township]
BIOGRAPHY
Harry Gustin was born in Louisville, Ky., May 5, 1844, where he was the recipient of quite a libeal education, serving an apprenticeship at carriage painting and trimming. In 1862, he was one of the heroic many who rushed to the defense of the imperiled Union, becoming a member of the Fifth Michigan Cavalry, taking an active part in many hard-fought battles, including Gettysburg, Hanover Court House, Spottsylvania C. H., Cold Harbor and others.
Filling the position of Corporal, he had charge of Gen. Custer's escort and body guard; at the close of the war, he was musterd out at Washington, D.C. Upon returning to civil pursits, Mr. Gustin was a citizen of Chicago for some twelve years. Coming to the State of Indiana in 1878, he first located at Kewanna, where he served as Deputy Marshal for a year. He then moved to Akron in 1880, where he was actively engaged as a carriage painter in the employ of Mr. Frank Dillon, but has since moved to Rochester.
Mr. Gustin was united in marriage June 18, 1877, with Miss Mamie McGraw, a native of the State of New York.
They are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Mr. Gustin's parents were natives of New York, from whence they went to Kentucky and there died.
Mrs. Gustin's parents were natives of Ireland, who immigrated to this country a short time before the civil war.
[T. B. Helm, Fulton County Atlas, A. L. Kingman, 1883, p. 38]

GUSTIN GENERAL STORE [Macy, Miami County]
MACY
W. S. Robbins has sold his general store, at this place, to a Mr. Gustin of Peru. Mr. Robbins, with his family, lexpects to move to Peru next week. We regret very much to have them leave as they have made many warm friends here.
[Rochester Sentinel, Thursday, January 6, 1910]

GUY STEAM MILL [Fulton County]
In company with V. O'Donnell, of the Mansion House, we took a trip "up country" the other day to see the steam mill of Mr. Guy, situated about four miles east of Rochester. Mr. Guy has a large contract from the Government to manufacture gun stocks for army use . . . They are to be sent to Massachusetts and are intended as stocks for Enfield Rifles.
[Rochester Sentinel, Saturday May 21, 1864]

GYMNASIUM [Rochester, Indiana]
See Buildings, Centennial Block, Armory Hall; Schools - Rochester Joint High School; Schools - Whitmer Gymnasium; Schools - Rochester Normal University.